英语句子成分及简单句的五种基本句型

各个成分的功能 二、谓语
二、谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常 动词 充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动 由______ 词,情态动词和助动词.
• 1. We love China. • 2. We have finished reading this book. • 3. He can speak English.
各个成分的功能
I consider your brother a clever boy.
I found the classroom empty.
I saw him enter the room.
I believe him to be honest.
I heard the boy crying. He left the girl in the room.
各个成分的功能
七、宾语补足语： 对动词后的宾语进行补充说明。
复合结构：宾语＋宾补
n adj adv. 介词 分词短语与
短语 动词不定式
常用的带复合宾语的动词
： think, consider, feel, find, want，have, see, hear, notice, make, get, leave, ask, keep...
（ IO ）（ DＯ）
She bought a beautiful dress for me. 此类常见动词：buy, cook, get, make, sing等。
注意: 如果直接宾语是人称代词, 则间接宾语 必须后置, 并在其前加上介词to或for. Here’s your report. Don’t forget to show it to your parents.
Tom is in Shanghai now.
g. 从句
The question is why we should put off the meeting.
五、 定语:(attribute)
修饰主语、宾语和表语
形容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短语、数 词、代词、句子等都可以用来充当定语。在翻 译时往往译为 “……的”
Add your title 看起来，似乎
Add your title 感官系动词
变得
go, come, run
a.名词 His father is a teacher. b. 代词 This book is mine. c. 形容词或分词短语 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. The teacher was satisfied with your work. The story is very interesting.
He showed me how to run the machine.
英语五种基本句型 content
5. S+V+O +C 主＋谓＋复合结构
They painted the door green.
I used to live in the room above.
f. 从句
The man who is coming toward us is my English teacher.
六、 状语:(adverbial)
状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子 成分； 按用途分，可分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目 的，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随状况等。
各个成分的功能
6．从句充当宾语。如： Do you know how serious the situation is ? I don’t understand what you mean．
双宾语
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语: 直接宾语(Direct Object)和间接宾语 (Indirect Object), 称为双宾语. 这两个宾语往往一个指人(一般为间接宾语), 另一个指物(一般为直接宾语).
各个成分的功能
情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语, 必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.
△
They can speak English well. They will go there tomorrow.
各个成分的功能
三、宾语 宾语(obຫໍສະໝຸດ ect)表示动作的承受者，在句中一 般放在及物动词之后。 宾语的主要类型：名词、代词、副词、不 定式、-ing分词、从句等。(能做主语的词) 1．名词充当宾语。如： Dry wood catches fire easily． 2．代词充当宾语。如： We can invite them to our party．
1．名词充当主语。 Young people love pop music． ．
各个成分的功能
2．代词充当主语。如： It rains quite often in spring． 3 数词充当主语。如： Two plus two makes four． Five will be enough． 4．名词化的形容词或-ed分词充当主语。 如： The disabled are well taken care of．
主谓（宾/宾补） ／ 主系表 就是一个最简单的 句子构成，被看作是句子的主干。也就相当于一个 人的头部和躯干。并由此构成了英语的五种基本结 构 1. S+V 主语＋谓语
2. S+V+P
3. S+V+O
主语＋系动词＋表语
主语＋谓语＋宾语
4. S+V+o+O
5. S+V+O+C
主语＋谓语＋双宾语
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补
各个成分的功能
5．不定式充当主语。如： To study hard is your duty． It’s not easy to look after a sick old man． 6．-ing分词充当主语。如： Spitting in public is not allowed． It’s no use crying over the spilt milk． (形式)主语 (真正的)主语
前置定语 This is a lively and interesting class.
这是一节生动有趣的课． 有一些难题要处理．
后置定语
There is something difficult to deal with.
a.形容词 Newton is a famous scientist. b. 名词 Let’s listen to the weather forecast first.
各个成分的功能
7．从句充当主语(该从句称作主语从句)。 That Miss Gray speaks Chinese surprised us all． 关联词主语(从句) How the Cartoon became an instant hit is a long story． 关联词主语(从句)
c. 动名词 Our school is going to build a swimming pool.
d. 分词短语或动词不定式短语 She is reading an interesting book. I have no pen to write with.
e. 介词短语或副词
I haven’t got the solution to the problem.
八、 同位语 在一个句子中, 一个名词或 代词, 或相当于名词的短语或 从句, 放在另一个名词或代词 之后, 用以说明它的性质或情 况, 被称为同位语(Appositive). 可作 同位语的通常有:
a.名词 This is my best friend, Tom. b. 代词 We all got a surprise. c. 数词 This prize is for you two. d. 从句 I had no idea that you were here.
英语五种基本句型 content
1. S+V+P
主＋系＋表
This is an English dictionary. The dinner smells good. The well has gone dry. He is growing tall and strong.
英语五种基本句型 content
各个成分的功能
d. 数词 One plus one is two.
e. 动词不定式或动名词短语
My job is looking after her.
What we want to do now
is (to) lie down and rest.
各个成分的功能
f. 副词或介词短语 Sorry, my father isn’t in.
主＋谓（及物动词）＋宾
Who knows the answer?
He enjoys reading.
He has refused to help them. He admits that he was wrong.
英语五种基本句型 content
4. S+V+ o + O 主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾
He brought you a dictionary.
各个成分的功能
3．副词充当宾语。如： The athletes left there just now． 4．不定式充当宾语。如： Remember to bring your cell phone． 5．-ing分词充当宾语。如： You won’t forget attending his farewell concert． They stopped smoking at last．
2. S+V
主＋谓（不及物动词）
The sun was shinning.