博士课后英语翻译习题教学文案

博士课后英语翻译习题Unit11.“E quality between women and men is no longer a negotiable issue.”…. “As long as women remain unequal,they cannot have access to resources, they can never participate in political decision-making, they cannot make their choices in life. That is the bottom line.” Mrs Mongella says women round the world ear all concerned about equality. In developing countries, in states emerging as industrial powers, in the countries of west, women are looking for action, action she sometimes calls a revolution.男女平等已不是什么可以商讨的问题。

只要妇女仍处於不平等的地位，他们就得不到各种资源，永远无法参加政治决策，甚至在生活中都不能做出自己的选择。

这就是底线。

Mongella夫人说全世界的女人都关心平等问题。

无论是发展中国家，正在成为工业国的国家，还是西方国家，妇女都希望采取行动，她有时称之为革命。

2.一些妇女认为牺牲一个女婴可以确保下次怀孕生个儿子。

Some women believe that sacrificing a female infant guarantees a son in the next pregnancy.3.对于许多母亲来说，亲自宣判女儿的死刑，胜过判定女儿一辈子遭受歧视忍受贫困。

For many mothers， sentencing a daughter to death is better than condemning her to life with cradle-to-grave discrimination and poverty4.城市妇女可以根据胎儿性别选择堕胎，因为他们更容易有机会享用现代医学技术。

In urban areas，easier access to modern medical technology enables women to undergo sex-selective abortions5.在印度，一个年轻女子只是被看成是她出生家庭的临时成员，而且对这个家庭的财力是极大的消耗。

In India, a young women is regarded as a temporary member of her natural family and a drain on its wealth6.烧柴做饭的女人一天吸入的致癌物质相当于每天抽20包烟。

Those women who use wood fuels in cooking inhale carcinogenic pollutants that are the equivalent of smoking 20 packs of cigarettes a day7.妇女的健康需求过去常常被忽视，或者被认为和男人的相同。

去年开罗的大会上一致认为不安全的流产，应该是整个医疗保健中要注意的一个方面。

多次会议都承认，必须理解妇女有特殊的健康需求，妇女应充分获得足够的医疗卫生服务。

Women’s health needs have in the past often been over looked, or assumed to be the same as man’s. At Cairo conference last year it was agreed that the consequence of unsafe abortions are part of overall health care. The conferences recognize that women have specific health needs which must be understood, and that women must have full access to adequate health-care services.Unit 21.In 1993 national survey of 50,000 junior and senior high school students revealed a marked increase inmarijuana use among high school students. One of the researchers noted, we have the unenviable role of informing the country that drug use are making a comeback, that the epidemic could be re-emerging.This increase in the use of marijuana on the part of teenagers is significant because of some of this young people, pot will become a gateway drug, that is, a relatively mild or soft mind-altering substance that lead to the ingestion more powerful drugs. Substance abuse expert Herbert Kleber notes, if you used marijuana less than10 times the likelihood of use cocaine was practically nil. But if you used marijuana more than 100 times, ortwice a week for a year, the likelihood of using cocaine went up 70 percent.1993年国家对5万名初中高中生进行的调查显示中学生中吸食大麻的人数明显上升。

一个研究人员陈述说，我们肩负一个不值得羡慕的责任，要让全国人民了解到吸食毒品现象正在回潮，这一流行病有可能重新出现。

就青少年这方面而言，吸食大麻的这种上升是值得注意的。

因为对一些年轻人来说，大麻会成为一种入门毒品，即，这种相当温醇和轻微改变意识的物质会导致吸食更具效力的毒品。

专门从事毒品滥用研究的专家Herbert Kleber说，你如果吸食大麻少于10次，吸食可卡因的可能性实际上为零。

但是，如果你吸食大麻超过100次，或者说一年里每周两次，那么吸食可卡因的可能性就上升到70%。

2.如果你到医院去，你会见到病人在做手术前吸止痛药If you go to a hospital, you will find that patients usually snort pain-killing medicine before an operation3.那个议员在她的政党里是一股很强的势力，所以她今年很可能赢得今年的那个席位Since the senator is a potent force in her political party, she is most surely to win the place this year4.自从他得知了事实真相以来，他就一直寻找机会为被谋杀的兄弟报仇He has been seeking vengeance for the murder of his brother since he was told of the fact5.在较长的节假日周末，死亡人数会因为车祸上升On long holidays weekends there is always raise in the number of fatalities due to auto accidents6.你在中学度过的那段时间是你受教育的一个重要时期The time you spent in high school is an important phase of your education7.然而，我应该指出的是在医学和科学研究领域里，实际上在进行认真的，并且是有价值与毒品有关的工作。

但是，在对毒品政策进行大规模的讨论中，学术界和知识界的来说没有提出什么好办法，提出的办法也很少真正有用。

I should point out, however, that in the field of medical and scientific research, there is indeed serious andvaluable drug-related work going on. But in the great public policy debate over drugs, the academic and intellectual communities have by and large had little to contribute, and little of that has been genuinely useful. Unit 31.The primacy of genes also assumes that genes act on their own. How do they know when to turn on and offthe synthesis of particular proteins? If you view genes as autonomous, the answer is that they just know. No one tells a gene what to do; instead, that bucks start and stop there. However, that view is far from accurate too. Within the staggeringly long sequences of DNA, it turns out that only a tiny percentage of letters actually form the words that constitute genes and serve as code for proteins. More than 95 percent of DNA, instead, is non-coding. Much of DNA simple constitut e on and off switches for regulating the activity of genes. It’s likeyou have a 100-page book, and 95 of the pages are instructions and advice for reading the other five pages.Thus, genes don’t independently determine when proteins are synthesized. They follow instructions originating somewhere else.What regulates those switches? In some instances, chemical messengers from other parts of the cell. In other cases, messengers from other cells in the body (this is the way many hormones work). And, critical, in still other cases, genes are turned on or off by environmental factors. As a crude example, some carcinogens work by getting into cells, binding to one of those DNA switches and turning on genes that cause the uncontrolled growth that constitutes cancer.基因至上论还认为基因可自发作用。