英美文学期末复习资料+所有作家作品流派总结
英美文学考研复习资料重要作品整理文学流派解析
英美文学考研复习资料重要作品整理文学流派解析英美文学是世界上最为重要的文学流派之一，它涵盖了从古典到现代的各种文学作品。
本文将为您整理英美文学考研复习资料中的一些重要作品，并对其中代表性的文学流派进行解析。
一、文学流派解析1. 古典主义文学古典主义文学是英美文学史上的重要流派之一，其诞生于17世纪，充分借鉴了古希腊罗马文学的风格和理念。
代表作品包括约翰·米尔顿的《失乐园》，这部史诗被视为英国文学史上最伟大的作品之一，展现了古典主义文学的典型特征。
2. 浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学兴起于18世纪末至19世纪初，追求个性、情感和自然的恢弘力量。
其中的重要作品有威廉·华兹华斯的《賓納山诗集》和塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治的《孤独的旅行者》，这两部作品以描绘自然风光和表达人内心情感为主要特点。
3. 现实主义文学现实主义文学盛行于19世纪中叶至20世纪初，追求真实和客观的描写方式，反映社会问题和人民生活。
查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》和托马斯·哈代的《傲慢与偏见》是现实主义文学的代表作品，揭示了当时英美社会的不公与剥削。
4. 自然主义文学自然主义文学是现实主义文学的延伸，强调人的行为和命运受到自然和社会环境的决定。
斯蒂芬·克莱恩的《追逐》和杰克·伦敦的《野性的呼唤》是自然主义文学的经典之作，通过对人性的观察呈现了残酷的现实。
5. 现代主义文学现代主义文学兴起于20世纪初，以对传统文学形式的反叛和对意识流的运用为特点。
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《到灯塔去》和詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》是现代主义文学中的杰作，以其独特的叙事结构和思想深度引领了当时文学的新潮流。
二、重要作品整理1. 威廉·莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的戏剧之一，被誉为西方文学史上最伟大的作品之一。
它通过对主人公哈姆雷特的心理描写，探讨了复仇、死亡和道德的问题，展现了莎士比亚独特的戏剧艺术和人物塑造能力。
天津市考研外国语言文学复习资料英美文学史中的重要作品与流派
天津市考研外国语言文学复习资料英美文学史中的重要作品与流派英美文学史涵盖了许多重要作品和流派，这些作品和流派对于理解英美文学的发展和演变具有重要意义。
本文将介绍一些英美文学史中的重要作品和流派，对于考生复习备考英国文学和美国文学的考研生来说，可提供参考和学习。
1. 古典作品古希腊罗马文化对英美文学产生了深远的影响，其中一些古典作品仍然被广泛研究和阅读。
例如，荷马的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》是西方文学的奠基之作，反映了古希腊的英雄文化和价值观。
这些作品对后世的史诗和史诗式的作品产生了深远影响。
2. 文艺复兴时期英美文学的文艺复兴时期具有非凡的创作活力和重要的作品。
莎士比亚的戏剧作品如《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》不仅是英国文学的经典之作，也对全球文学产生了深远的影响。
早期女性作家伊丽莎白·巴雷特·勃朗宁的诗集《颈环与火焰》被誉为英美文学史上的重要作品，突破了传统文学中对女性的限制。
3. 19世纪英国文学19世纪是英国文学的繁荣时期，涌现了许多重要的作品和流派。
查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》和《双城记》是描写工业化社会中人性的杰作。
狄更斯的作品具有强烈的社会意识和深沉的人道主义精神。
同时，英国的浪漫主义文学也取得了巨大的成就，济慈的诗歌作品如《致一位凤凰》和《秋季》表达了浪漫主义对自然和个人情感的追求。
4. 美国文学的诞生美国文学兴起于19世纪，早期的作品反映了殖民地和独立战争时期的社会背景和价值观。
华盛顿·欧文的《拉姆齐的传奇》是美国文学迈向成熟的重要作品，其中的故事揭示了早期美国社会的复杂性和多样性。
纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》则探讨了道德与罪恶的关系，被视为美国文学中最重要的作品之一。
5. 美国南方文学美国南方文学具有独特的风格和主题，在20世纪取得了重要的地位。
威廉·福克纳的小说《喧闹与骚动》和《冷山》通过复杂的叙事结构和对人性的深刻揭示，成为美国文学史上的经典之作。
英美文学流派整理
英美文学玄学派：是指17世纪英国文坛出现的一个独特的诗歌流派。
英国诗人约翰·邓恩是这个流派的代表人物，他因在诗歌中精妙地运用“奇喻”的比喻手法而蜚声文坛。
它们往往以精致典雅的形式表现情感与观念的矛盾，把古典主义的性情与浪漫主义的风骨很好地融合到了一起。
骑士文学盛行于西欧，反映了骑士阶层的生活理想。
骑士精神和道德是上层社会的贵族文化精神，它是以个人身份的优越感为基础的道德与人格精神，但它也积淀这西欧民族远古尚武精神的某些积极因素。
三联剧：在古希腊悲剧创作中，有一类悲剧均由三部分组成，每部分即能独立存在，各部之间又有紧密联系。
这种剧合则为一，分则为三，代表作家为埃斯库罗斯。
文艺复兴：是指13世纪末在意大利各城市兴起，以后扩展到西欧各国，于16世纪在欧洲盛行的一场思想文化运动，带来一段科学与艺术革命时期，揭开了近代欧洲历史的序幕，被认为是中古时代和近代的分界。
人文主义：是文艺复兴核心思想，是新兴资产阶级反封建的社会思潮，也是资产阶级人道主义的最初形式。
它肯定人性和人的价值，要求享受人世的欢乐，要求人的个性解放和自由平等，推崇人的感性经验和理性思维。
七星诗社：是16世纪中期法国的一个文学团体，是由七位人文主义诗人组成的文学团体。
他们中以龙沙和杜贝莱最著名。
七星诗社的诗人们从事过各种创作，他们的诗声望很高，但他们的主要贡献却是对于法语改革的主张。
狂飙突进运动：是18世纪德国文学界的运动，是文艺形式从古典主义向浪漫主义过渡时的阶段，也可以说是幼稚时期的浪漫主义。
但其中心代表人物是歌德和席勒，歌德的《少年维特的烦恼》是其典型代表作品，表达的是人类内心感情的冲突和奋进精神。
伤感主义：１８世纪后期欧洲资产阶级启蒙运动中的一种文艺思潮，也称为“主情主义”。
该派的得名，源与英国作家斯特恩的小说《在法国和意大利的感伤的旅行》。
该派作家崇尚感情，把感情看的高于“理性”，因而强调文学的主要任务是细致刻画任务的心理动态和描写人物的不幸遭遇，以便唤起读者在感情上的同情和共鸣，表达出对当时贵族阶级的理性主义和古典主义的反抗。
吉林省考研英美文学复习资料文学流派与重要作品概述
吉林省考研英美文学复习资料文学流派与重要作品概述英美文学是世界文学的重要组成部分，在吉林省考研英美文学复习中占据重要地位。
本文将对英美文学的各种流派以及其重要作品进行概述，以供考生复习使用。
一、古典主义文学古典主义文学是英美文学中的一大流派，在17世纪至18世纪盛行。
其特点是崇尚合理、秩序和规则，以古希腊和古罗马的文学为典范。
重要作家包括英国的莎士比亚和弥尔顿，以及美国的华盛顿·欧文。
莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家之一，其作品包括《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等，对后世影响深远。
而弥尔顿则以史诗《失乐园》闻名，通过对亚当和夏娃的堕落故事，探讨了人类的命运和自由意志的概念。
华盛顿·欧文是美国浪漫主义文学的先驱，其短篇小说《睡美人谷》等作品反映了美国的历史和民俗文化。
二、浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学起源于18世纪末至19世纪初的欧洲，随后传入美国。
它追求个性、情感和想象力的自由发展，对自然、神秘和远古文明充满热情。
浪漫主义文学在英美文学中具有重要地位，代表作家有英国的拜伦、雪莱和美国的爱默生、霍桑等。
拜伦是浪漫主义文学的杰出代表，他的作品《唐璜》、《查尔达·哈罗德的朝圣之旅》等展现了他的浪漫主义情怀和对自由的渴望。
雪莱则以其诗歌作品《奥西安德》、《西风颂》等著名，表达了对自然和人类解放的热情。
而美国的爱默生则提倡个人独立和自由思考，他的代表作包括《自由》和《自我依存》。
霍桑则以短篇小说《红字》而闻名，揭示了人性的复杂性和罪恶的本质。
三、现实主义文学现实主义文学兴起于19世纪中叶至20世纪初的英美文学界，其核心思想是对社会现实的客观描写和批判。
现实主义文学追求真实和细致地刻画社会生活，代表作家有英国的狄更斯、美国的吉尔曼等。
狄更斯是英国文学史上最重要的小说家之一，他的作品《呼啸山庄》、《双城记》等揭示了贫富悬殊、社会不公和人性的善恶。
吉尔曼则是美国现实主义文学的重要代表，她的小说《黄壁纸》通过女性的视角，揭示了男女地位不平等和对抗父权的问题。
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期：莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》等，以及弥尔顿的《失乐园》。
2、17世纪：约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌，以及约翰·班扬的《天路历程》。
3、18世纪：启蒙时期，亨利·菲尔丁和理查逊的小说，以及亚历山大·蒲柏的讽刺诗歌。
4、19世纪：浪漫主义时期，包括拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的诗歌，以及简·奥斯汀、爱米莉·勃朗特等的小说。
5、维多利亚时期：查尔斯·狄更斯、乔治·艾略特、托马斯·哈代等作家的小说，以及马修·阿诺德、约翰·罗斯金等人的诗歌。
二、美国文学1、浪漫主义时期：包括华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷传说》、爱伦·坡的短篇小说、以及纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》。
2、现实主义时期：包括马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、亨利·詹姆斯的小说、以及艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌。
3、20世纪：包括F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》、欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》、杰克·凯鲁亚克的《在路上》等文学作品。
三、文学术语和概念1、象征主义：通过象征性的符号或形象来表达某种思想或情感。
2、叙事视角：从特定的角度来描述故事，常见的有第一人称、第二人称、第三人称等。
3、意象主义：通过形象和比喻来表达情感和思想。
4、文艺复兴：欧洲历史上的一次文化运动，强调人文主义和古希腊罗马文化。
5、玄学派：17世纪英国的一种文学流派，强调诗歌中的哲学思考和神秘主义。
6、悲剧：一种戏剧类型，通常表现英雄人物的悲惨命运。
7、喜剧：一种戏剧类型，通常表现幽默、讽刺等轻松愉快的主题。
8、自然主义：一种文学流派，强调对自然和社会现实的客观描写。
9、超验主义：一种哲学思想，强调个人经验和直觉，反对传统权威。
英美文学期末复习资料+所有作家作品流派总结
一、文学术语*41.Epic叙事诗，史诗A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.Twoof the most famous epics of Western civilization are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.The great epic of the Middle Ages is The Divine Comedy（神曲）by the Italian poet Dante.The two most famous English epics are the Anglo-Saxon Beowulf and John Milton's Paradise Lost,which employ some of the conventions of the classical epic.2.Naturalism自然主义（文学、艺术以反映现实为宗旨）Naturalism is a term of literary history,primarily a French movement in prose fiction and the drama during the final third of the19th century,although it is also applied to similar movements or groups of writers in other countries in the later decades of the19th and early years of the20th cents.In France Emile Zola(1840-1902)was the dominant practitioner(习艺者，专业人员) of Naturalism in prose fiction and the chief exponent（鼓吹者，倡导者，拥护者；能手，大师）of its doctrines.The emergence of Naturalism does not mark a radical（彻底的）break with Realism,rather the new style is a logical extension of it.Broadly speaking,Naturalism is characterized by a refusal to idealize experience and by the persuasion that human life is strictly subjected to natural laws.The Naturalists shared with the earlier Realists the conviction that the everyday life of the middle and lower classes of their own day provided subjects worthy of serious literary treatment.Emphasis was laid on the influence of the material and economic environment on behavior,and on the determining effects of physical and hereditary factors in forming the individual temperament.Famous American Naturalistic writers would include Jack London,Stephen Crane and Frank Norris,who were deeply influenced by Charles Darwin's evolution theory which believe that one's heredity and social situation limit one's character.3.Modernism现代派（盛行于20世纪的文学风格）Modernism was a complex and diverse international movement in all the creative arts,originating about the end of the19th century and prosperity in the20th century.The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted,alienated and ill relationships between man and nature,man and society,man and man,and man and himself.The modernist writers concentrate more on the private than on the public,more on the subjective than on the objective.They are mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual.In their writings,the past,the present and the future are mingled（混合）together and exist at the same time in the consciousness of an individual.4.Transcendentalism超验主义It was a reaction to the18th century Newtonian concept of the universe.The major features of New England Transcendentalism can be summarized as follows:1.The Transcendentalists placed emphasis on spirit,or the Oversoul,as the most important thing in the universe.2.The Transcendentalists stressed the importance of the individual.To them the individual was the most important element of society.3.The Transcendentalists offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God.Nature was,to them,not purely matter.It was alive,filled with God's overwhelming presence.I.Major Literary Terms in The Anglo-Norman Period1.Romance:Any imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good characters and villains or monsters.Originally,the term referred to a medieval tale dealing with the loves and adventures of kings and queens,knights and ladies,and including unlikely or supernatural happenings.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the best of the medieval romances.John Keats's The Eve of St.Agnes is one of the greatest metrical（格律）romances ever written.2.Ballad（民谣，叙事歌谣）:A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung.In many centuries,the folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature.Folk ballads have no known authors.They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung.The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everyday life of the common people.The most popular subjects,often tragic,are disappointed love,jealousy,revenge,sudden disaster and deeds of adventure and daring.Devices commonly used in ballads are the the refrain（叠词）,incremental repetition（叠句）and code language（特定语言）.A later form of ballad is the literary ballad which imitates the style of the folk ballad.The most famous English literary ballad is Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner（老水手之歌）.二、选择&填空The Anglo-Norman PeriodThe literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its____tales of___and___,in marked contrast of____and ____of Anglo-Saxon poetry.romantic,love,adventure,strength,somberness（昏暗；冷静）Geoffrey Chaucer1.The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a General Prologue and only_____tales,of which two are left unfinished.●242.The____provides a framework for the tales in The Canterbury Tales and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures.●Prologue序言3.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer's greatest work and the greater part of it was written in____Couplets.●Heroic（英雄双韵体）4.The pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales are on their way to the shrine of St.Thomas a Becket at the place named____.●Canterbury5.In The Canterbury Tales,from the character of_____,we may see a very vivid sketch of a woman of the middle class,and a colorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucer's own day.●the Wife of Bath（巴斯夫人：齐叟笔下一个结过5次婚等待第六位丈夫的女人）Renaissance1.Hamlet,Othello,King Lear,and____are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.●Macbeth2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of_____.●Queen Elizabeth3._____wrote his_____in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of people's sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.●Thomas More，UtopiaThe literature of the17th century1.After____'s death,monarchy was again restored in1660.It was called the period of_____.●Oliver Cromwell;Restoration2.The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of_____●1688.3.Paradise Lost tells how____rebelled against God and how___and___were driven out of Eden.●Satan;Adam,Eve.4.Bunyan's most important work is____,written in the form old-fashioned medieval form of_____and dream.●The Pilgrim's Progress;allegory寓言the18th century literature1.The image of an enterprising Englishman of the18th century was created by Daniel Defoe in his famous novel______.●Robinson Crusoe2.The18th century in English literature is an age of___.●prose3.Jonathan Swift's masterpiece is___..●Gulliver's Travels4.William Blake's work___(1794)are in marked contrast with the Songs of Innocence天真之歌.●The Songs of Experience经验之歌5.The greatest of___poets in the18th century is Robert Burns.●Scottishthe19th century literature1.With the publication of William Wordworth's______with S.T.Coleridge,______began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature.●Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集,Romanticism2.The Romantic Age came to an end in1832when the last Romantic writer_____died.●Walter Scott3.The greatest historical novelist_____was produced in the Romantic Age.●Walter Scott4.The glory of the Romantic age is in the poetry of___,___,___,___,___,and___.●Scott,Wordsworth,Coleridge科尔里奇,Byron,Shelley,Keats,Moore,Southey索西.5.The English Romantic Period produced two major novelists.They are______.●Scott and Austen6.In his poems Wordsworth aimed at the_____and_____of the language.●simplicity,purity7.Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems,one is Childe Harold's Pilgrimage,and the other is_____.●Don Juan8.“Ode to a Nightingale”was written by_____.●John Keats9.Jane Austen's literary concern is about human beings in their_____relationships.●personal.Victorian Age1.In the19th century English literature,a new literary trend_____appeared after the romantic poetry,and flourished in the time of ______.●Critical realism,1840s and1850s.2.Critical realism reveals the corrupting influence of the rule of cash upon human nature.Here lies in the essentially_____and _____character of critical realism.●Democratic,humanitarian3.In A tale of Two Cities,the two cities are_____and_____in the time of revolution.●London,Paris4.In1847,Thackeray published his masterpiece_____,which marks the peak of his literary career.●Vanity Fair5.It is Robert Browning who developed the literary form_____..●Dramatic monologue戏剧独白20th century British Literature1.____had its outstanding advocate in Kipling,who with drum and trumpet,called upon England to“take up the Whiteman's burden”by dominating all“lesser breeds without the law.”●lmperialism2.Those“novels of character and environment”by Thomas Hardy are the lost representative of him as both a and a critical realist writer.●Naturalistic3.It took Galsworthy twenty-two years to accomplish the monumental work,his masterpiece____●The Forsyte Saga福尔赛世家wrence finished____,the autobiographical novel at which he had been working off and on for years,which was positively taken as a typical example and lively manifestation of the“Oedipus Complex”in fiction.●Sons and Lovers5.___and___are the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist.●James Joyce，Virginia Woolf.6.____is generally regarded as Virginia Woolf's most remarkable work.●To the LighthouseExercises on American Literature1.In the17th century,the English settlements in____and____began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.●Virginia,Massachusetts2.Washington Irving's____became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.●Sketch Book3.Cooper's enduring fame rests on his frontier stories,especially the five novels that comprise the____.●Leatherstocking Tales4.____was responsible for bringing Transcendentalism to New land.●Ralph Waldo Emerson5.A superb book entitled____came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond.●Walden6.The book____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.●Moby DickBook two chapter one1.In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass,__gave America its first genuine epic poem.●Walt Whitman2.As the founder of American Critical Realism,____enjoys the fame as“Lincoln of American literature”.●Mark Twain3.____was considered the founder of psychological realism in America.●Henry James4.The identification of potency（影响）with money is at the heart of Dreiser's greatest and most successful novel,____.●An American TragedyThe20th century1.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the“_____Movement”.●Imagist2.The most significant American poem of the20th century was_____.●The Waste Land3.____of the1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby.●The Jazz Age4.Hemingway's novel___painted the image of a whole generation,the Lost Generation.●The Sun Also Rises5.____wrote about the disintegration（瓦解）of the old social system in the American southern states,and the lives of modem people,both black and white.●William Faulkner三、True or False1.In1066,Alexander the Great led the Norman army to invade England.It was called the Norman Conquest.●F(William the Conqueror）2.The Story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the culmination（顶点）of the romances about Charles the Great.●F(King Arthur and his knights)3.Robinson named Saturday to the saved victim.F(Friday)4.“A Modest Proposal”is made to Irish government to relieve the poverty of English people.F(Irish)5.It was Henry Fielding and Tobias Gorge Smollet who became the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe.T6.Of all the romantic poets of the18th century,Blake is the most in-dependent and the most original.T7.George Eliot produced the remarkable novels including Adam Bede,The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner.(true)8.The Bronte sisters are Charlotte Bronte,Emily Bronte and Anne Bronte.(true)9.The Victorian Age was largely an age of prose,especially of the novel.(true)10.David Copperfield is Thackeray's masterpiece.F(Dickens)11.The title of the novel Vanity Fair is taken from Bunyan's Pilgrim's progress.(true)12.In1907,John Galsworthy received the Nobel Prize for“idealism”in literature.Kim is his long novel.F(Kipling)13.George Bernard Shaw was strongly against the credo of“art for art's sake”.T14.The Importance of Being Earnest is written by Oscar Wilde.T15.Hester Prynne is the heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter.T16.In1828,Noah Webster published his An American Dictionary of the English Language.T17.Stirred by the teachings of transcendentalism,writers of Boston and nearby towns produced a New England literary renaissance.T18.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe's poems.F(novels)19.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about man and nature.T20.Emily Dickinson is a democratic poet.F(modernist)21.“The Cop and the Anthem”was written by Jack London.F(O Henry)22.While embracing the socialism of Marx,Jack London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals.This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel The Call of the Wild F(Martin Eden) 23.Between the mid-19th and the first decade of the20th century,there had been a big flush of new theories and new ideas in both social id natural sciences,as well in the field of art in Europe,which played an indispensable role in bringing about modernism and the modernistic writings in the United States.T 24.The decade of the1910s,American literature achieved a new diversity and reached its greatest heights.F(1920s)25.John Steinbeck is a representative of the1930s,when“novels of social protest”became dominant on the American literary scene.T 26.John Updike is considered to be a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his The Catcher in the Rye is regarded as students'classic.F（Jerome David Salinger）(J.D.Salinger）四、连线题作家流派/文体作品Literature StyleChaucer heroic couplet英雄双韵体Romance of the Roseschiefly under the influenceof French poetry of theMiddle AgesThe House of Fame--《名誉堂》Troylus and Criseyde《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》The Legend of Good women--《良妇传说》The Parliament of Fowls--《百鸟堂》under the spell of the greatliterary geniuses of earlyRenaissance Italy:Danteand Petrarch andBoccaccioThe Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》Produced his works ofmaturity free from anyforeign influence.WilliamLanglandPiers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》Alliteration(头韵)Thomas More托马斯.莫尔Humanism人文主义Utopia乌托邦Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯.培根The Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》Of Studies《论读书》;Of wisdom《论智慧》EssayJohn Lyly Eupheus written in a peculiar style known as EuphuismThomas Wyatt 托马斯.怀亚特first introduced the sonnet into English literatureEarl of Surrey萨利伯爵created blank verse Edmund Spenser埃德蒙.斯宾塞The Fairy Queen《仙后》Lyrical poetryBen Jonson琼生Every Man in His Humour;Volpone,or the Fox;The Alchemist;Bartholomew Fair.ChristopherMarlowe克里斯托弗.马洛Doctor Faustus;The Jew of Malta;Tamburlaine Play Robert Greene George Green;the Pinner of WakefieldWilliam Shakespeare威廉姆.莎士比亚Hamlet(哈姆雷特)，Othello(奥赛罗)，King Lear(李尔王)，The Tragedy of Macbeth(麦克白)37plays;blank verseJohn Donne 约翰.多恩“metaphysical”poets(玄学派诗人)《Death be not proud》《死神莫骄妄》Songs and Sonnets《歌谣与十四行诗》The RelicA Valediction:Forbidding Mourning《离别辞：莫忧伤》1.Extraordinary frankness,penetrating realism,cynicism.2.Novelty of subjectmatter and point of view.3.Novelty of form.John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿三个John都是the Puritans清教徒派《Defense for the English People》为英国人辩护《Paradise Lost》失乐园Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》《Paradise Regained》复乐园Sonnet-On His Blindness1.The use of blank verse.2.Grand style.3.Inheritance fromtraditional works such as《失明述怀》Sonnet-On His Deceased Wife《梦之妻》Bible.John Bunyan 约翰.拜扬Pilgrim’s ProgressThe Holy War《圣战》The Life and Death of Mr.BadmanGrace Abounding《丰盛恩惠》1.Written in theold-fashioned,medievalform of allegory anddream.2.His language is chieflyplain,colloquial,and quitemodern.Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛福realistic novel现实主义小说《Robinson Crusoe》鲁宾逊漂流记《Jonathan Wild》乔纳森.威尔德《Moll Flanders》摩尔.弗兰德斯Henry Fielding 亨利.菲尔丁Father of modernfiction《Joseph Andrews》约瑟夫.安德鲁斯《The History of Tom Jones,a foundling》弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事The History of Jonathan Wild the Great《伟大的乔纳森·王尔德》Humor&satiristJonathan Swift 乔纳森.斯威夫特satirist反讽prose poetry《Gulliver’s Travels》格列佛游记《A Modest Proposal》一个温和的建议A Tale of a Tub1697《一只桶的故事》The Battle of the Books1698《书籍之战》The Drapier’s Letters1724《布商来信》Joseph Addlson The Tatler闲谈者The Spectator旁观者Joseph Addison＆Richard Steele；their life-long friendship and the partnership in literary career.Alexander pope the Pastorals(1709)（田园诗歌）the Essay on Criticism (1711)（论批评）The Rape of the Lock(1714)（卷发遇劫记）“Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady”;“Eloise to Abelard,Samuel Richardson塞缪尔.理查森epistolarynovel(书信体小说），Englishdomestic novel(英国家庭小说）《Pamela》帕美勒Clarissa Harlowe克拉丽莎Sir Charles Grandison查尔斯•格兰迪森的历史psychological analysisRichard B.Sheridan理查德.B.谢尔丹comedy《School for Scandal》造谣学校the Rivals(情敌)the only important Englishdramatist of the18thcenturyOliver Goldsmith’s奥利佛.哥尔德斯密斯《The Vicar of Wakefield》威克菲尔德的牧师，小说novel《She Stoops to Conquer》委曲求全，欢乐喜剧rollicking comedy《The Deserted Village》荒村，诗歌The Traveller旅行者poems,诗歌The Citizen of the World世界公民essay以上6位都是18世纪Classicism(古典主义)、revival of romantic poetry(新兴的浪漫主义诗歌)、beginnings of the modern novel(刚启萌的现代派小说)的代表人物Thomas Gray 托马斯.格雷Sentimentalism感伤主义no belief《Elegy,Written in a CountryChurchyard》墓园挽歌William Blake 威廉.布莱克Pre-romanticismSongs of Innocence天真之歌Songs ofExperience经验之歌Poetical Sketches素描诗集The Tiger老虎Robert Burns 罗伯特.彭斯My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀在高原John Anderson,My Jo约翰·安徒生，我爱A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰To a Mouse致小鼠Auld Lang Syne友谊地久天长William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯Lake Poets（湖畔派）Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣《The Prelude》序曲1.Leading figure of English romanticpoetry2.See this world freshly and naturally.3.Changed the course of English poetryLord Byron拜伦Romanticism《Childe Harold Pilgrimage》查尔德哈罗德游记Don Juan（唐璜）《Hours of Idleness》闲散时刻1.Renowned as the“gloomy egoist”2.“Byronic Hero”（拜伦式英雄）3.Devote himself into the revolutionPercy Bysshe Shelley雪莱Idealism（理想主义）《Prometheus Unbound》解放的普罗米修斯《Ode to the West Wind》西风颂The Cloud云1.Intense and original2.Reflect radical ideas and revolutionaryoptimism3.Rebel against English politics andconservative valuesJohn Keats济慈Romanticism（浪漫主义）《The Eve of St.Agnes》圣阿格良斯之夜《On a Greeian Urn》希腊古瓮颂《To a Nightingale》致夜莺Ode on Melancholy（忧郁颂）Isabella（伊莎贝拉）1.Epitaph:Here lies one whose name waswritten in water（此地长眠者，声名水上书）2.Early death from tuberculosis at theage of253.He is characterized by sensual imageryWalter Scott沃特.斯科特Famous HistoricalNovelistIvanhoe（艾凡赫）The lady of the Lake（湖中夫人）Waverley（威佛利）1.Historical novelist as well as playwrightand poet.2.He was an advocate,judge and legaladministrator by professionJane Austen简.奥斯丁Female Novelist《Pride and Prejudice》傲慢与偏见《Sense and Sensibility》理智与情感《Emma》爱玛1.Modern character through the treatmentof everyday life2.Virginia Woolf called Austen"the mostperfect artist among women."Charles Lamb 查尔斯.兰伯Essayist（随笔作家）Tales from Shakespeare（莎士比亚故事集）Essays of Elia（伊利亚随笔）The Last Essays of Elia（伊利亚续笔）1.Indulged in his own contemplation andimagination2.To him,literature was a means toexpress his own subjective world and toescape from the sordidness（肮脏、卑鄙）Charles Dickens狄更斯Critical Realism批判现实主义Victorian Period维多利亚时期humanism人文主义《Hard Times》艰难时刻《PickwickPapers》匹克威克外传《Oliver Twist》雾都孤儿《A Tale of Two Cities》双城记1.expose and criticize the poverty,injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness2.show a highly consciouse modernartist3.humor and wit seem inexhaustible4.Picaresque novel(流浪汉小说）Charlotte Bronte 夏洛特.勃郎特《Shirley》雪利《Jane Eyre》简.爱1.great work of genius in Englishfiction2.focus on the female topic3.lyric writing style4.simple realismEmily Bronte艾米丽.勃郎特《Wuthering Heights》呼啸山庄Mrs.Gaskell《Mary Barton,North and South》玛丽.巴顿，北方和南方William Makepeace Thackeray 《Vanity Fair》名利场—this title wasborrowed from The Pilgrim’s Progressby Bunyan.没有大人物的小说1.rich knowledge of social life andheart,the picture in the novels areaccurate and true life2.Thackeray’s satire is caustic and hishumor subtle3.Pay attention to morilityGeorge Eliot 乔治.艾略特《Adam Bede》亚当贝德The Mill on the Floss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》Silas Marner《织工马南传》Middlemarch《米德尔马契》1.show superb conception andexecution and include much favoralfeminist criticism2.describe various inner world anddepict people’s live with cinematicprecision3.moral teaching and psychologicalrealism.精神说教和心理现实主义。
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品，包括小说、诗歌、戏剧等。
这些作品代表了英美文化的精髓，对于理解这两个国家的历史、社会和文化有着重要的意义。
在学习英美文学时，我们需要掌握一些重要的作品和作家，以及他们的主要思想和风格。
首先，我们来看看英美文学的起源。
英国文学可以追溯到中世纪，最早的英国文学作品是史诗《贝奥武夫》。
这部作品讲述了一个英雄的故事，强调了勇气、荣誉和忠诚的重要性。
这种史诗的传统在英国文学中一直延续到今天，影响了许多作家，如莎士比亚和狄更斯。
莎士比亚是英国文学的巅峰之作。
他的戏剧作品包括悲剧、喜剧和历史剧，涵盖了各种主题和情感。
莎士比亚的作品具有深刻的人物描写和复杂的情节，他的语言也非常美丽和富有表现力。
莎士比亚的作品对于理解人性和社会问题有着重要的启示，被广泛地研究和演出。
在美国文学方面，最早的作品可以追溯到殖民地时期。
这些作品主要是宗教文学，反映了殖民地居民的信仰和价值观。
其中最著名的作品是《普利茅斯植民者的历史》，它记录了普利茅斯植民者在美洲建立殖民地的经历。
这些作品对于理解美国的宗教和政治历史有着重要的意义。
美国文学的巅峰时期是19世纪，这个时期出现了许多重要的作家和作品。
其中最著名的是马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。
这部小说以一个少年的视角描写了美国南方的奴隶制度和种族歧视，对于美国社会的问题提出了尖锐的批评。
这部小说被认为是美国文学的经典之作，对于后来的作家产生了重要的影响。
除了莎士比亚和吐温，还有许多其他重要的英美作家和作品。
例如，英国的狄更斯和奥斯汀，美国的海明威和福克纳。
这些作家的作品涉及了各种不同的主题和风格，从社会问题到个人成长，从浪漫主义到现实主义。
他们的作品代表了英美文学的多样性和丰富性。
在学习英美文学时，我们不仅需要了解这些作家和作品，还需要理解它们的背景和文化内涵。
英美文学反映了英国和美国的历史、社会和价值观，它们是这两个国家文化遗产的重要组成部分。
英美文学史文学流派与作家研究
英美文学史文学流派与作家研究英美文学史是世界文学史中的重要组成部分，涵盖了从古代至今的众多文学流派和作家。
本文将从不同的时间段和流派出发，介绍英美文学史中一些著名的作家和他们所代表的文学流派。
一、古代文学古代英美文学以史诗和戏剧为主要表现形式，其中最具代表性的是英国的莎士比亚和美国的华盛顿·欧文。
莎士比亚的作品包括《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等，他被誉为戏剧史上最伟大的作家之一。
而华盛顿·欧文则是美国文学史上最早公认的文学作家，他的作品《伊迪丝的订婚礼物》等反映了美国早期社会和文化的特点。
二、十九世纪文学十九世纪是英美文学史上一个重要的时期，其中涌现了许多重要的文学流派和作家。
浪漫主义是该时期的核心文学流派之一，代表作家包括英国的拜伦和美国的爱默生。
拜伦以《唐璜》等作品展现了浪漫主义的诗意和激情，而爱默生的代表作《自然》则强调了个人情感和自然之间的联系。
三、现代主义文学进入二十世纪，英美文学迎来了现代主义的浪潮，该时期的作品更加关注对人类精神状态的探索和思考。
著名的现代主义作家包括英国的弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫和美国的厄内斯特·海明威。
伍尔夫的代表作《达洛维夫人》以内心独白的形式展现了人类情感的复杂性，而海明威则以《老人与海》等作品赢得了诺贝尔文学奖。
四、后现代主义文学后现代主义是二十世纪末的一种文学潮流，它试图打破传统的叙事结构和线性逻辑，追求非线性、碎片化的形式。
代表作家包括英国的萨尔曼·鲁西迪和美国的托尼·莫里森。
鲁西迪的《午夜的孩子》颠覆了传统的叙事结构，探讨了个体与历史之间的关系；莫里森的《亲爱的》则以多重叙事的方式诠释了种族和性别问题。
五、当代文学近年来，英美文学进入了新的时代，涌现了许多当代作家和文学流派。
其中最受瞩目的是英国的J·K·罗琳和美国的约翰·格林。
罗琳的《哈利·波特》系列畅销全球，并改编成电影，成为当代英美文学史上的经典之作；格林的《千面英雄》等作品则借助流行文化和科技元素，重新诠释了英美文学的传统。
英美文学重点知识归纳
英美文学重点知识归纳1. 英美文学的定义英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品，包括小说、诗歌、戏剧、散文等。
英美文学具有悠久的历史，涵盖了从古代文学到现代文学的各个时期和流派。
2. 英美文学的时期和流派2.1 古代英美文学古代英美文学包括早期安格鲁-撒克逊文学、中世纪文学和文艺复兴时期文学。
其中，早期安格鲁-撒克逊文学以史诗《贝奥武夫》为代表，中世纪文学以《坎特伯雷故事集》为代表，文艺复兴时期文学以莎士比亚的戏剧作品为代表。
2.2 浪漫主义文学浪漫主义是英美文学的一个重要流派，包括诗人拜伦、雪莱和济慈等人的作品。
浪漫主义文学强调个体的感情和想象力，关注自然、爱情、自由等主题。
2.3 现实主义文学现实主义是英美文学的另一个重要流派，出现于19世纪后期。
代表作家包括狄更斯、托尔斯泰和马克·吐温等人。
现实主义文学揭示社会问题，关注人性的复杂性和社会的不公平。
2.4 现代主义文学现代主义是20世纪英美文学的主要流派，代表作家有弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫、塞缪尔·贝克特和詹姆斯·乔伊斯。
现代主义文学对传统的文学形式进行了颠覆和重塑，追求形式上的创新和思想上的深度。
3. 英美文学的重要作家和作品3.1 威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家和诗人之一。
他的代表作品包括《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》等。
3.2 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）简·奥斯汀是19世纪英国小说家，被誉为英国小说的经典作家。
她的代表作包括《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》和《艾玛》等。
3.3 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德是20世纪美国作家，代表作品有《了不起的盖茨比》。
他被认为是美国“爵士时代”的象征之一。
英美文学考试复习点重点整理
英美文学考试复习点重点整理1.现实主义、批判现实主义（代表人物、作品，以及每部作品讲了什么故事）P276—比如《匹克威克外传》主要讲什么？P281 《双城记》主要讲什么？P298 《大卫科波菲尔》主要讲什么？P2922.其中自传体形式的作品有哪些？3.傲慢与偏见的第一个名字：first impression(Pride and prejudice现)4.三姐妹指的是？5.19世纪有名小说名利场副标题：“A Novel Without a Hero”作者：William Makepeace Thackeray P3036.18th浪漫主义作家、代表作P211 反对什么,反抗什么思想？7.Pop代表作有哪些？P134 剪发记？8.玄学诗派有哪些人物组成？Leading Feature? P1169.乌托邦is written in form of ?P3310.Universal Wicks大学才子是谁？P5011.中世纪文学流行的是? 主题特征骑马精神P8？12.最著名作家：乔叟P1913.对于三次征服的概念（1）罗马征服P1 （2）英国人征服P2（3）诺曼征服P514.人民大宪章什么时候出现？时间：1837年1.John MiltonHe was born in London in 1608. He is a master of the blank verse, and a great stylist. And he is famous for his grand style.But his style is never exactly natural. He devoted almost twenty years of his best life to the fight for political, religious and personal liberty as a writer. His famous works are Paradise lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes.2.RomanceRomance was the most prevailing kind of literature of theupper class in feudal England in the Medieval Ages. It is a long composition in verse or in prose which describes the life and chivalric adventures of a noble hero. The central character of romances is the knight, a man of noble birth skilled in the use of weapon. The theme of loyalty to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.3.the EnlightenmentIt is the philosophical and artistic movement growing out of the Renaissance and continuing until the nineteenth century. It was an optimistic belief that humanity could improve itself by applying logic and reasons to all things. Typically, these enlightenment writers would use satire to ridicule what they felt illogical errors in government, socialcustom, and religious belief.4.NeoclassicismThe neoclassical movement began in the mid-18th century and brought about a revival of interest in the old classical work. The neoclassicists held that forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be in judged in terms of its service to humanity./doc/0d16361832.html,ke poetsAlso called Lake School, it is a name applied to a group of poets in the 19th century, including Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Southey. They had lived in the Lake District in the northwest of England and shared a community of literary and social outlook in their works.6.MetaphysicalAbout the beginning of the 17th century appeared a schoolof poets called “Metaphysical”, including Donne, Herbert, Marvell, Vaughan, and Crashaw. The work of the metaphysical poets are characterized their wit, imaginative picturing, compressions, often cryptic expression and by generally speaking, by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form.7.Heroic coupletsA heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines. The rhyme is always masculine. The use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Chaucer in The legend of Good Women and The Canterbury Tales.8.BalladsBallad was the most important department of English folk literature. A ballad is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed. They are anonymous narrative poems bearing the characteristics of folklore and designed for singing or oral recitation in various English and Scottish dialects. Ballad is mainly the literature of the common people and one is able to understand the outlook of the English common people in feudal society through the ballads. The subjects of ballad are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal—minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters of class struggle. Usually a ballad deals with a single episode and the beginning is often abrupt, without any introduction to the characters and background information.回答问题1.撒旦为什么选择伊甸园作为复仇之地2.写一个关于傲慢与偏见的小结（作者、人物角色、情节、后果）和主题评价Pride and Prejudice is a novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1813.翻译题1.P103①Throw open all doors; let the re be light ; let every man think and bring his thoughts to the light;dread not any diversities of opinion.②Truth is compared in Scripture to a streaming fountain; if her waters flow not in a perpetual progression, they sicken into a muddy pool of conformity.③Where there is much desire to learn, there of necessity will be much arguing, much writing, many opinions; for opinion in good men is but knowledge in the marking.2.P193It was marked by a strong protest against the bondage of Classicism, by a recognition of the claims of passion and emotion, and by a renewedinterest in medieval literature.。
(精品)英美文学复习资料(全)
文学体裁：诗歌poem，小说novel，戏剧dramaOrigin起源：Christianity 基督教→ bible 圣经Myth 神话The Romance of king Arthur and his knights 亚瑟王和他的骑士（笔记）一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒)2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法）例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved,To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)Canto 诗章1、romance 传奇文学2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端)大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups.朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character.这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。
英美文学流派与作家知识点整理
英美文学流派与作家知识点整理英美文学源远流长，在其发展历程中涌现出了众多的文学流派和杰出作家，这些流派和作家的作品不仅反映了当时的社会、文化和历史背景，也展现了人类思想和情感的丰富多样性。
以下是对一些重要的英美文学流派与作家的知识点整理。
一、浪漫主义文学浪漫主义文学兴起于 18 世纪末至 19 世纪初，强调个人情感、想象力和自然的重要性。
（一）英国浪漫主义作家1、威廉·华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）他是英国浪漫主义诗歌的先驱之一，其作品强调对自然的热爱和对普通人生活的关注。
代表作有《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads）。
2、塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge）他的诗作充满奇幻的想象和神秘的元素，《古舟子咏》（The Rime of the Ancient Mariner）是其经典之作。
3、乔治·戈登·拜伦（George Gordon Byron）拜伦以其奔放的激情和叛逆的精神著称，作品有《唐璜》（Don Juan）等。
4、珀西·比希·雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley）雪莱的诗歌富有理想主义和革命精神，《西风颂》（Ode to theWest Wind）广为流传。
（二）美国浪漫主义作家1、华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）他的作品具有浓厚的地方色彩和幽默风格，《瑞普·凡·温克尔》（Rip Van Winkle）是其代表作。
2、詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀（James Fenimore Cooper）以描写边疆生活和印第安人而闻名，《皮袜子故事集》（The Leatherstocking Tales）是其重要作品。
二、现实主义文学现实主义文学在 19 世纪中叶兴起，注重真实地反映社会现实和生活。
（一）英国现实主义作家1、查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）狄更斯的作品生动描绘了英国社会底层人民的生活，如《雾都孤儿》（Oliver Twist）、《大卫·科波菲尔》（David Copperfield）。
英美文学重点知识归纳
英美文学重点知识归纳一、英美文学的概念和特点英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品，包括小说、诗歌、剧本等。
它具有以下几个特点：1.多元化：英美文学以其丰富多样的风格和流派而闻名。
从古典主义到浪漫主义，从现代主义到后现代主义，英美文学不断演变和发展，展示了人类思想和情感的多样性。
2.自由和开放性：英美文学强调个体的自由和独立思考，在作品中反映了社会、政治和文化的变革。
自由主义和个人主义的精神贯穿在英美文学的历史中。
3.注重个人感受和情感表达：英美文学注重个人感受和情感表达，通过描写人物内心的矛盾和困惑，展示了人性的复杂和多样性。
二、英美文学的重要时期和代表作品1. 文艺复兴时期（16世纪）文艺复兴时期是英美文学的重要里程碑，代表作品有：•威廉·莎士比亚的剧作《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等，深刻地反映了人性的复杂性和命运的无常。
•约翰·米尔顿的史诗《失乐园》，通过对上帝、撒旦和亚当夏娃的描写，揭示了人类的原罪和思想的自由。
2. 浪漫主义时期（18世纪末至19世纪初）浪漫主义时期是英美文学的重要发展阶段，代表作品有：•威廉·华兹华斯的诗集《抒情诗选集》，强调对自然和个人感受的表达，展现了对自由和灵魂的渴望。
•简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》，通过对社会等级和女性地位的描写，呈现了封建社会的弊端。
3. 现代主义时期（20世纪初至中期）现代主义时期是英美文学的革命性时期，代表作品有：•弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说《至灵之泉》，以流动的意识流体式叙述，探索了心灵的迷茫和现代社会的困惑。
•T·S·艾略特的诗集《荒原》，通过对现代社会的批判和对个体灵魂的探索，反映了人类在现代社会中的孤独和迷失。
三、英美文学的重要作家和代表作1. 威廉·莎士比亚（1564-1616）威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的剧作家之一，代表作品有：•《哈姆雷特》：探讨了人性的矛盾和命运的无常，是世界戏剧史上最重要的作品之一。
英美文学重点作者汇总情况
一、早期和中世纪的英国文学◆Geoffrey Chaucer ii1.简介：Geoffrey Chaucer is the founder of English poetry and a forerunner ofhumanism. He was regarded as the founder of English realism. 代表作：Troilusand Criseyde《特洛伊斯洛与克瑞西达》(改变于意大利)；The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》（包括：“The Prologue”《总序》；“The Wife of Bath”《巴斯妇人》）。
●The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》的影响：①It shows a true-to-lifepicture of Chaucer’s time. (之所以说乔叟是The founder of realism，是因为早期英国文学歌颂英雄(Anglo-Saxon poetry)，中期英国文学歌颂骑士精神(TheRomance)，之后虽然有了piers the plowman,也不曾直接写社会不公，直到乔叟真实描写中世纪及各层人民。
) ②Taking from the stand of rising bourgeoisie,Chaucer affirms men and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by theChurch. ③His tales expose and satirize the evils of his time, attackdegeneration of the noble, the corruption of the Church.2.语言特色/贡献：①He is the first great poet who wrote in the English language.②He introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especiallythe Heroic couplet to English poetry. ③He is good at the terza rima, whichmakes his language a high style.二、英国文艺复兴◆Thomas More ii1.简介：Thomas More is an English humanism churchman. 代表作：Utopia《乌托邦》。
英美文学选读复习资料(时期作家作品)
福赛特世家
有产业的人
骑虎
出租
现代喜剧
William Butler Yeats
威廉.伯特勒.业芝
The Lake Isle of Innisfree
The Man Who Dreamed of Fairyland
Easter Rising of 1916
Sailing to Byzantian
Leda and The Swan
华特.斯哥特
Waverley
Ivanhoe
威弗利
艾凡赫
Victorian
1870-1914
Charles Dickens
查尔斯.狄更斯
Oliver Twist
The
雾都孤儿
The Bronte Sister
夏治特.布郎帝
Jane Eyre
Wuthering Heights
简爱
呼啸山庄
Alfred Tennyson
Nathaniel Hawthorne
纳萨尼尔.霍桑
The Scarlet Letter
The House of the Seven Gables
Young Goodman Brown
红字
七个尖角阁的房子
Macbeth
Romeo and Juliet
JuliusCaesar
The Winter’s Tale
The Tempest
ASonnet(154)
Henry Ⅳ、Ⅴ
Venus and Adonis
The Rape of Lucrece
Richard III
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Isabella
英美文学复习资料
英美文学复习资料英美文学复习资料英美文学是世界文学史上的重要组成部分，包含了许多经典的文学作品和作家。
通过复习英美文学，我们可以更好地了解西方文化和思想，同时也能够提升自己的语言表达能力和文学素养。
本文将为大家提供一些英美文学复习资料，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
一、英国文学1. 莎士比亚的四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》。
这些作品被誉为世界文学的瑰宝，展现了莎士比亚独特的戏剧才华和对人性的深刻洞察。
2. 简·奥斯汀的小说：《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》等。
奥斯汀以细腻的笔触和幽默的描写，刻画了当时英国社会的风貌和女性的处境，成为英国文学的代表作家之一。
3. 查尔斯·狄更斯的小说：《雾都孤儿》、《双城记》等。
狄更斯以其对社会问题的关注和对人性的揭示而闻名，他的作品揭示了当时英国社会的黑暗面，对社会改革产生了深远影响。
4. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说：《达洛维夫人》、《到灯塔去》等。
伍尔夫以其独特的意识流写作风格和对女性问题的关注，开创了现代主义小说的新篇章。
二、美国文学1. 马克·吐温的小说：《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》等。
吐温以其幽默风趣和对美国社会的讽刺洞察而受到广泛赞誉，他的作品展现了美国南方的风土人情和对奴隶制度的批判。
2. 埃米莉·迪金森的诗歌：迪金森的诗歌充满了哲思和深度，她以其独特的写作风格和对生死、爱情等主题的探索而成为美国文学的重要代表。
3. 威廉·福克纳的小说：《喧哗与骚动》、《押沙龙，押沙龙！》等。
福克纳以其复杂的叙事结构和对南方社会的描绘而被誉为美国文学的巨匠，他的作品展现了南方社会的衰落和黑暗。
4. 托尼·莫里森的小说：《亲爱的》、《宠儿》等。
莫里森以其对种族、性别和身份问题的关注而成为美国文学的重要代表，她的作品揭示了美国社会的不公和歧视。
三、阅读技巧和复习建议1. 阅读经典作品时，要注重对文本细节的理解和分析。
《英美文学选读》复习资料
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一．课程介绍：本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。
选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
二．《英美文学选读》的考核目标，按照识记，领会，应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。
三个层次呈递进关系，其含义是：识记：有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会：在识记的基础上，能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别应用了在领会的基础上，能运用本课程的基本理论，基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品，并能用英语正确表达。
Part 1 English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容1．古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2．英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf3．中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance4．Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献二．练习：1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, the year of ______.A. Old----RenaissanceB. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of EnglandC. Middle ---- RenaissanceD. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England2).. The Medieval period in English literature extends from 1066 up to the ______ century.A. mid-13thB. mid-14thC. mid-15thD. mid-16th3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national ______ of the Anglo-Saxons.A. sonnetB. essayC. epicD. novel4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. William Langland5). For the Renaissance, ______ was regarded as the English Homer. His reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and ______.A. Geoffrey Chaucer----witsB. William Shakespeare----witsC. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanityD. William Shakespeare----humanity6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______.A. Old English, Greek, LatinB. Old English, French, LatinC. Old English, Greek, FrenchD. English, Greek, French7). Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of the Medieval period in English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______.A. coupletB. blank verseC. heroic coupletD. epic8). Thematically the poem “Beowulf” presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______.A. spiritual----heroB. natural----leaderC. spiritual----godD. natural----monster9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come.A. manB. theoryC. doctrineD. era10). Geoffrey Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse.A. rhymedB. alliterativeC. socialD. visionary2. Explain the following literal terms.1). Romance2). Heroic Couplet3). Epic3. Answer the following questions.1). How many groups do the Old English poetry divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why?2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature?Chapter1. The Renaissance Period一．重点前言部分1．文艺复兴的起源，起始时间，内容及特征2．人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3．文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习：Renaissance Period1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The Renaissance, in essence, is a historical period in which the European ______ thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.A. Greek and RomanB. humanistC. religiousD. loyal2). Generally, the ______ refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.A. Medieval PeriodB. RenaissanceC. Old English PeriodD. Romantic Period3). ______ is the essence of the Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists.A. Humanity---- William ShakespeareB. Humanism-----Francis BaconC. Humanity---- Geoffrey ChaucerD. Humanism----William Shakespeare4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and ______.A. novel--- Geoffrey ChaucerB. poetry----Francis BaconC. drama----Ben JonsonD. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things.A. Roman ---- moralB. French---- reasonC. Roman---- manD. French---- God6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that people could understand.A. LatinB. FrenchC. GreekD. Anglo-Saxon7). Wyatt, in the Renaissance period, introduced the Petrarchan ______ into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse.A. drama----freeB. sonnet----blankC. terzarima----blankD. couplet----free8). In the early stage of the English Renaissance, poetry and ______ were the most outstanding forms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.A. fictionB. dramatic fictionC. poetic dramaD. novel9). By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.A. humanistsB. ProtestantsC. CatholicsD. playwrights10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science in England.A. Edmund SpenserB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Ben Jonson2. Explain the following literal terms.1). the Renaissance Period2). blank verse3). Humanism3. Answer the following questions.1). Make a comment on the influence of Italian literary works upon the literature in the Renaissance England.2). Make a comment on humanism3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England?文艺复兴时期的主要作家。
英国文学 作家作品流派整理
古英语时期（450-1066）贝尔武甫（头韵-alliteration,比喻metaphor,含蓄 understatement）中古英语时期（1066-1485）Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利·乔叟1340-1400 the representative writer in the Medieval English literature 。
The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》; The Book of the Duchess 《悼公爵夫人》；Troilus and Criseyde《特罗伊拉斯和克莱西德》；Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）故事集中the wife of Bath（巴斯城的妇女）要注意下文艺复兴时期——Renaissance (1485-1660)William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616 A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记; Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet 哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗; The Sonnets十四行诗资产阶级革命时期Bourgeois Revolution (1660-1700)John Donne -----The Flea 跳蚤John Milton约翰·弥尔顿1608-1674 Paradise Lost失乐园(Satan, God, Adam, Eve) John Bunyan班扬1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程启蒙时期Enlightenment (17C后期-18C中期)Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·迪福1660-1731 Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记;Captain Singleton辛格顿船长Jonathan Swift斯威夫特1667-1745 The Battle of Books书的战争;A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;Gull iver’s Travels格列佛游记前浪漫主义时期Pre-Romanticism（18C后半期）Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796 A Red, Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰William Blake布莱克1757-1827 Songs of Innocence天真之歌;Songs of Experience 经验之歌The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻浪漫主义时期Romanticism(1798-1832)Escapist (Passive) Romanticists:William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850 The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦人Radical or revolutionary romanticists:George Gordon, Lord Byron乔治·拜伦1788-1824 She Walks in BeautyPercy Bysshe Shelley波西·比希·雪莱1792-1822 Ode to the West Wind西风颂( West Wind: revolution)Victorian Age----Critical Realism(1837-1901)Jane Austin简·奥斯丁1775-1817 Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见（Bingley, Darcy, Jane, Elizabeth）Charles Dickens狄更斯1812-1870 one of the greatest critical realist writer of the Victorian Age。
英美文学 知识点总结
英美文学知识点总结英美文学是指在英国和美国国家领土内产生的文学作品，包括英国文学与美国文学。
英美文学史是人类文明史的一个重要组成部分，包括从古典到现代的文学作品，涵盖了从莎士比亚到奥斯卡·王尔德等众多作家的作品。
英美文学的知识点众多，具有深刻的历史、文化和社会背景，下面将总结英美文学知识点，帮助读者更好地了解和学习英美文学。
1. 英国文学的起源和发展英国文学的起源可追溯至中世纪，早期的英国文学作品包括《贝奥歌》、《坎特伯雷故事集》等。
而随着文艺复兴的到来，英国文学迎来了新的发展时期，莎士比亚、斯宾塞等众多作家的作品为英国文学的繁荣与发展奠定了基础。
18世纪的启蒙运动影响了英国文学的发展方向，霍华德、斯威夫特等作家的作品在英国文学史上留下了重要的痕迹。
2. 美国文学的诞生与发展美国文学的起源较晚，17世纪移民新英格兰书信文学是美国文学的开端。
18世纪，美国文学开始迈入现代化阶段，风格多样的文学作品层出不穷。
19世纪的浪漫主义运动、现实主义运动以及自然主义运动，都为美国文学的繁荣与发展贡献了力量。
3. 英美文学的经典作品在英美文学史上，有许多经典作品，这些作品对后世文学产生了深远的影响。
如莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》、奥斯卡·王尔德的《风华绝代》、简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》、查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》等。
4. 英美文学的主题和风格英美文学作品的主题和风格多种多样，既有对家国情怀的歌颂，也有对人性命运的探索。
从文艺复兴时期的骑士文学到现代主义文学，英美文学作品的风格也是千姿百态。
5. 英美文学的流派英美文学的作品涉及的流派众多，包括戏剧、小说、诗歌、散文等。
在戏剧方面，莎士比亚的作品是最具代表性的；在小说方面，狄更斯的作品是最为典型的；在诗歌方面，弗罗斯特的作品是最为著名的。
6. 英美文学的影响英美文学对全球文学产生了深远影响，从语言、风格、主题等方面都对其他国家的文学产生了影响。
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一、文学术语*41.Epic叙事诗，史诗A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.Twoof the most famous epics of Western civilization are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.The great epic of the Middle Ages is The Divine Comedy（神曲）by the Italian poet Dante.The two most famous English epics are the Anglo-Saxon Beowulf and John Milton's Paradise Lost,which employ some of the conventions of the classical epic.2.Naturalism自然主义（文学、艺术以反映现实为宗旨）Naturalism is a term of literary history,primarily a French movement in prose fiction and the drama during the final third of the19th century,although it is also applied to similar movements or groups of writers in other countries in the later decades of the19th and early years of the20th cents.In France Emile Zola(1840-1902)was the dominant practitioner(习艺者，专业人员) of Naturalism in prose fiction and the chief exponent（鼓吹者，倡导者，拥护者；能手，大师）of its doctrines.The emergence of Naturalism does not mark a radical（彻底的）break with Realism,rather the new style is a logical extension of it.Broadly speaking,Naturalism is characterized by a refusal to idealize experience and by the persuasion that human life is strictly subjected to natural laws.The Naturalists shared with the earlier Realists the conviction that the everyday life of the middle and lower classes of their own day provided subjects worthy of serious literary treatment.Emphasis was laid on the influence of the material and economic environment on behavior,and on the determining effects of physical and hereditary factors in forming the individual temperament.Famous American Naturalistic writers would include Jack London,Stephen Crane and Frank Norris,who were deeply influenced by Charles Darwin's evolution theory which believe that one's heredity and social situation limit one's character.3.Modernism现代派（盛行于20世纪的文学风格）Modernism was a complex and diverse international movement in all the creative arts,originating about the end of the19th century and prosperity in the20th century.The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted,alienated and ill relationships between man and nature,man and society,man and man,and man and himself.The modernist writers concentrate more on the private than on the public,more on the subjective than on the objective.They are mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual.In their writings,the past,the present and the future are mingled（混合）together and exist at the same time in the consciousness of an individual.4.Transcendentalism超验主义It was a reaction to the18th century Newtonian concept of the universe.The major features of New England Transcendentalism can be summarized as follows:1.The Transcendentalists placed emphasis on spirit,or the Oversoul,as the most important thing in the universe.2.The Transcendentalists stressed the importance of the individual.To them the individual was the most important element of society.3.The Transcendentalists offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God.Nature was,to them,not purely matter.It was alive,filled with God's overwhelming presence.I.Major Literary Terms in The Anglo-Norman Period1.Romance:Any imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good characters and villains or monsters.Originally,the term referred to a medieval tale dealing with the loves and adventures of kings and queens,knights and ladies,and including unlikely or supernatural happenings.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the best of the medieval romances.John Keats's The Eve of St.Agnes is one of the greatest metrical（格律）romances ever written.2.Ballad（民谣，叙事歌谣）:A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung.In many centuries,the folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature.Folk ballads have no known authors.They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung.The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everyday life of the common people.The most popular subjects,often tragic,are disappointed love,jealousy,revenge,sudden disaster and deeds of adventure and daring.Devices commonly used in ballads are the the refrain（叠词）,incremental repetition（叠句）and code language（特定语言）.A later form of ballad is the literary ballad which imitates the style of the folk ballad.The most famous English literary ballad is Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner（老水手之歌）.二、选择&填空The Anglo-Norman PeriodThe literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its____tales of___and___,in marked contrast of____and ____of Anglo-Saxon poetry.romantic,love,adventure,strength,somberness（昏暗；冷静）Geoffrey Chaucer1.The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a General Prologue and only_____tales,of which two are left unfinished.●242.The____provides a framework for the tales in The Canterbury Tales and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures.●Prologue序言3.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer's greatest work and the greater part of it was written in____Couplets.●Heroic（英雄双韵体）4.The pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales are on their way to the shrine of St.Thomas a Becket at the place named____.●Canterbury5.In The Canterbury Tales,from the character of_____,we may see a very vivid sketch of a woman of the middle class,and a colorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucer's own day.●the Wife of Bath（巴斯夫人：齐叟笔下一个结过5次婚等待第六位丈夫的女人）Renaissance1.Hamlet,Othello,King Lear,and____are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.●Macbeth2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of_____.●Queen Elizabeth3._____wrote his_____in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of people's sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.●Thomas More，UtopiaThe literature of the17th century1.After____'s death,monarchy was again restored in1660.It was called the period of_____.●Oliver Cromwell;Restoration2.The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of_____●1688.3.Paradise Lost tells how____rebelled against God and how___and___were driven out of Eden.●Satan;Adam,Eve.4.Bunyan's most important work is____,written in the form old-fashioned medieval form of_____and dream.●The Pilgrim's Progress;allegory寓言the18th century literature1.The image of an enterprising Englishman of the18th century was created by Daniel Defoe in his famous novel______.●Robinson Crusoe2.The18th century in English literature is an age of___.●prose3.Jonathan Swift's masterpiece is___..●Gulliver's Travels4.William Blake's work___(1794)are in marked contrast with the Songs of Innocence天真之歌.●The Songs of Experience经验之歌5.The greatest of___poets in the18th century is Robert Burns.●Scottishthe19th century literature1.With the publication of William Wordworth's______with S.T.Coleridge,______began to bloom and found a firm place in the history of English literature.●Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集,Romanticism2.The Romantic Age came to an end in1832when the last Romantic writer_____died.●Walter Scott3.The greatest historical novelist_____was produced in the Romantic Age.●Walter Scott4.The glory of the Romantic age is in the poetry of___,___,___,___,___,and___.●Scott,Wordsworth,Coleridge科尔里奇,Byron,Shelley,Keats,Moore,Southey索西.5.The English Romantic Period produced two major novelists.They are______.●Scott and Austen6.In his poems Wordsworth aimed at the_____and_____of the language.●simplicity,purity7.Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems,one is Childe Harold's Pilgrimage,and the other is_____.●Don Juan8.“Ode to a Nightingale”was written by_____.●John Keats9.Jane Austen's literary concern is about human beings in their_____relationships.●personal.Victorian Age1.In the19th century English literature,a new literary trend_____appeared after the romantic poetry,and flourished in the time of ______.●Critical realism,1840s and1850s.2.Critical realism reveals the corrupting influence of the rule of cash upon human nature.Here lies in the essentially_____and _____character of critical realism.●Democratic,humanitarian3.In A tale of Two Cities,the two cities are_____and_____in the time of revolution.●London,Paris4.In1847,Thackeray published his masterpiece_____,which marks the peak of his literary career.●Vanity Fair5.It is Robert Browning who developed the literary form_____..●Dramatic monologue戏剧独白20th century British Literature1.____had its outstanding advocate in Kipling,who with drum and trumpet,called upon England to“take up the Whiteman's burden”by dominating all“lesser breeds without the law.”●lmperialism2.Those“novels of character and environment”by Thomas Hardy are the lost representative of him as both a and a critical realist writer.●Naturalistic3.It took Galsworthy twenty-two years to accomplish the monumental work,his masterpiece____●The Forsyte Saga福尔赛世家wrence finished____,the autobiographical novel at which he had been working off and on for years,which was positively taken as a typical example and lively manifestation of the“Oedipus Complex”in fiction.●Sons and Lovers5.___and___are the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist.●James Joyce，Virginia Woolf.6.____is generally regarded as Virginia Woolf's most remarkable work.●To the LighthouseExercises on American Literature1.In the17th century,the English settlements in____and____began the main stream of what we recognize as the American national history.●Virginia,Massachusetts2.Washington Irving's____became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.●Sketch Book3.Cooper's enduring fame rests on his frontier stories,especially the five novels that comprise the____.●Leatherstocking Tales4.____was responsible for bringing Transcendentalism to New land.●Ralph Waldo Emerson5.A superb book entitled____came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond.●Walden6.The book____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.●Moby DickBook two chapter one1.In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass,__gave America its first genuine epic poem.●Walt Whitman2.As the founder of American Critical Realism,____enjoys the fame as“Lincoln of American literature”.●Mark Twain3.____was considered the founder of psychological realism in America.●Henry James4.The identification of potency（影响）with money is at the heart of Dreiser's greatest and most successful novel,____.●An American TragedyThe20th century1.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the“_____Movement”.●Imagist2.The most significant American poem of the20th century was_____.●The Waste Land3.____of the1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby.●The Jazz Age4.Hemingway's novel___painted the image of a whole generation,the Lost Generation.●The Sun Also Rises5.____wrote about the disintegration（瓦解）of the old social system in the American southern states,and the lives of modem people,both black and white.●William Faulkner三、True or False1.In1066,Alexander the Great led the Norman army to invade England.It was called the Norman Conquest.●F(William the Conqueror）2.The Story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the culmination（顶点）of the romances about Charles the Great.●F(King Arthur and his knights)3.Robinson named Saturday to the saved victim.F(Friday)4.“A Modest Proposal”is made to Irish government to relieve the poverty of English people.F(Irish)5.It was Henry Fielding and Tobias Gorge Smollet who became the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe.T6.Of all the romantic poets of the18th century,Blake is the most in-dependent and the most original.T7.George Eliot produced the remarkable novels including Adam Bede,The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner.(true)8.The Bronte sisters are Charlotte Bronte,Emily Bronte and Anne Bronte.(true)9.The Victorian Age was largely an age of prose,especially of the novel.(true)10.David Copperfield is Thackeray's masterpiece.F(Dickens)11.The title of the novel Vanity Fair is taken from Bunyan's Pilgrim's progress.(true)12.In1907,John Galsworthy received the Nobel Prize for“idealism”in literature.Kim is his long novel.F(Kipling)13.George Bernard Shaw was strongly against the credo of“art for art's sake”.T14.The Importance of Being Earnest is written by Oscar Wilde.T15.Hester Prynne is the heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter.T16.In1828,Noah Webster published his An American Dictionary of the English Language.T17.Stirred by the teachings of transcendentalism,writers of Boston and nearby towns produced a New England literary renaissance.T18.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe's poems.F(novels)19.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about man and nature.T20.Emily Dickinson is a democratic poet.F(modernist)21.“The Cop and the Anthem”was written by Jack London.F(O Henry)22.While embracing the socialism of Marx,Jack London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals.This contradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel The Call of the Wild F(Martin Eden) 23.Between the mid-19th and the first decade of the20th century,there had been a big flush of new theories and new ideas in both social id natural sciences,as well in the field of art in Europe,which played an indispensable role in bringing about modernism and the modernistic writings in the United States.T 24.The decade of the1910s,American literature achieved a new diversity and reached its greatest heights.F(1920s)25.John Steinbeck is a representative of the1930s,when“novels of social protest”became dominant on the American literary scene.T 26.John Updike is considered to be a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his The Catcher in the Rye is regarded as students'classic.F（Jerome David Salinger）(J.D.Salinger）四、连线题作家流派/文体作品Literature StyleChaucer heroic couplet英雄双韵体Romance of the Roseschiefly under the influenceof French poetry of theMiddle AgesThe House of Fame--《名誉堂》Troylus and Criseyde《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》The Legend of Good women--《良妇传说》The Parliament of Fowls--《百鸟堂》under the spell of the greatliterary geniuses of earlyRenaissance Italy:Danteand Petrarch andBoccaccioThe Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》Produced his works ofmaturity free from anyforeign influence.WilliamLanglandPiers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》Alliteration(头韵)Thomas More托马斯.莫尔Humanism人文主义Utopia乌托邦Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯.培根The Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》Of Studies《论读书》;Of wisdom《论智慧》EssayJohn Lyly Eupheus written in a peculiar style known as EuphuismThomas Wyatt 托马斯.怀亚特first introduced the sonnet into English literatureEarl of Surrey萨利伯爵created blank verse Edmund Spenser埃德蒙.斯宾塞The Fairy Queen《仙后》Lyrical poetryBen Jonson琼生Every Man in His Humour;Volpone,or the Fox;The Alchemist;Bartholomew Fair.ChristopherMarlowe克里斯托弗.马洛Doctor Faustus;The Jew of Malta;Tamburlaine Play Robert Greene George Green;the Pinner of WakefieldWilliam Shakespeare威廉姆.莎士比亚Hamlet(哈姆雷特)，Othello(奥赛罗)，King Lear(李尔王)，The Tragedy of Macbeth(麦克白)37plays;blank verseJohn Donne 约翰.多恩“metaphysical”poets(玄学派诗人)《Death be not proud》《死神莫骄妄》Songs and Sonnets《歌谣与十四行诗》The RelicA Valediction:Forbidding Mourning《离别辞：莫忧伤》1.Extraordinary frankness,penetrating realism,cynicism.2.Novelty of subjectmatter and point of view.3.Novelty of form.John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿三个John都是the Puritans清教徒派《Defense for the English People》为英国人辩护《Paradise Lost》失乐园Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》《Paradise Regained》复乐园Sonnet-On His Blindness1.The use of blank verse.2.Grand style.3.Inheritance fromtraditional works such as《失明述怀》Sonnet-On His Deceased Wife《梦之妻》Bible.John Bunyan 约翰.拜扬Pilgrim’s ProgressThe Holy War《圣战》The Life and Death of Mr.BadmanGrace Abounding《丰盛恩惠》1.Written in theold-fashioned,medievalform of allegory anddream.2.His language is chieflyplain,colloquial,and quitemodern.Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛福realistic novel现实主义小说《Robinson Crusoe》鲁宾逊漂流记《Jonathan Wild》乔纳森.威尔德《Moll Flanders》摩尔.弗兰德斯Henry Fielding 亨利.菲尔丁Father of modernfiction《Joseph Andrews》约瑟夫.安德鲁斯《The History of Tom Jones,a foundling》弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事The History of Jonathan Wild the Great《伟大的乔纳森·王尔德》Humor&satiristJonathan Swift 乔纳森.斯威夫特satirist反讽prose poetry《Gulliver’s Travels》格列佛游记《A Modest Proposal》一个温和的建议A Tale of a Tub1697《一只桶的故事》The Battle of the Books1698《书籍之战》The Drapier’s Letters1724《布商来信》Joseph Addlson The Tatler闲谈者The Spectator旁观者Joseph Addison＆Richard Steele；their life-long friendship and the partnership in literary career.Alexander pope the Pastorals(1709)（田园诗歌）the Essay on Criticism (1711)（论批评）The Rape of the Lock(1714)（卷发遇劫记）“Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady”;“Eloise to Abelard,Samuel Richardson塞缪尔.理查森epistolarynovel(书信体小说），Englishdomestic novel(英国家庭小说）《Pamela》帕美勒Clarissa Harlowe克拉丽莎Sir Charles Grandison查尔斯•格兰迪森的历史psychological analysisRichard B.Sheridan理查德.B.谢尔丹comedy《School for Scandal》造谣学校the Rivals(情敌)the only important Englishdramatist of the18thcenturyOliver Goldsmith’s奥利佛.哥尔德斯密斯《The Vicar of Wakefield》威克菲尔德的牧师，小说novel《She Stoops to Conquer》委曲求全，欢乐喜剧rollicking comedy《The Deserted Village》荒村，诗歌The Traveller旅行者poems,诗歌The Citizen of the World世界公民essay以上6位都是18世纪Classicism(古典主义)、revival of romantic poetry(新兴的浪漫主义诗歌)、beginnings of the modern novel(刚启萌的现代派小说)的代表人物Thomas Gray 托马斯.格雷Sentimentalism感伤主义no belief《Elegy,Written in a CountryChurchyard》墓园挽歌William Blake 威廉.布莱克Pre-romanticismSongs of Innocence天真之歌Songs ofExperience经验之歌Poetical Sketches素描诗集The Tiger老虎Robert Burns 罗伯特.彭斯My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀在高原John Anderson,My Jo约翰·安徒生，我爱A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰To a Mouse致小鼠Auld Lang Syne友谊地久天长William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯Lake Poets（湖畔派）Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣《The Prelude》序曲1.Leading figure of English romanticpoetry2.See this world freshly and naturally.3.Changed the course of English poetryLord Byron拜伦Romanticism《Childe Harold Pilgrimage》查尔德哈罗德游记Don Juan（唐璜）《Hours of Idleness》闲散时刻1.Renowned as the“gloomy egoist”2.“Byronic Hero”（拜伦式英雄）3.Devote himself into the revolutionPercy Bysshe Shelley雪莱Idealism（理想主义）《Prometheus Unbound》解放的普罗米修斯《Ode to the West Wind》西风颂The Cloud云1.Intense and original2.Reflect radical ideas and revolutionaryoptimism3.Rebel against English politics andconservative valuesJohn Keats济慈Romanticism（浪漫主义）《The Eve of St.Agnes》圣阿格良斯之夜《On a Greeian Urn》希腊古瓮颂《To a Nightingale》致夜莺Ode on Melancholy（忧郁颂）Isabella（伊莎贝拉）1.Epitaph:Here lies one whose name waswritten in water（此地长眠者，声名水上书）2.Early death from tuberculosis at theage of253.He is characterized by sensual imageryWalter Scott沃特.斯科特Famous HistoricalNovelistIvanhoe（艾凡赫）The lady of the Lake（湖中夫人）Waverley（威佛利）1.Historical novelist as well as playwrightand poet.2.He was an advocate,judge and legaladministrator by professionJane Austen简.奥斯丁Female Novelist《Pride and Prejudice》傲慢与偏见《Sense and Sensibility》理智与情感《Emma》爱玛1.Modern character through the treatmentof everyday life2.Virginia Woolf called Austen"the mostperfect artist among women."Charles Lamb 查尔斯.兰伯Essayist（随笔作家）Tales from Shakespeare（莎士比亚故事集）Essays of Elia（伊利亚随笔）The Last Essays of Elia（伊利亚续笔）1.Indulged in his own contemplation andimagination2.To him,literature was a means toexpress his own subjective world and toescape from the sordidness（肮脏、卑鄙）Charles Dickens狄更斯Critical Realism批判现实主义Victorian Period维多利亚时期humanism人文主义《Hard Times》艰难时刻《PickwickPapers》匹克威克外传《Oliver Twist》雾都孤儿《A Tale of Two Cities》双城记1.expose and criticize the poverty,injustice,hypocrisy and corruptness2.show a highly consciouse modernartist3.humor and wit seem inexhaustible4.Picaresque novel(流浪汉小说）Charlotte Bronte 夏洛特.勃郎特《Shirley》雪利《Jane Eyre》简.爱1.great work of genius in Englishfiction2.focus on the female topic3.lyric writing style4.simple realismEmily Bronte艾米丽.勃郎特《Wuthering Heights》呼啸山庄Mrs.Gaskell《Mary Barton,North and South》玛丽.巴顿，北方和南方William Makepeace Thackeray 《Vanity Fair》名利场—this title wasborrowed from The Pilgrim’s Progressby Bunyan.没有大人物的小说1.rich knowledge of social life andheart,the picture in the novels areaccurate and true life2.Thackeray’s satire is caustic and hishumor subtle3.Pay attention to morilityGeorge Eliot 乔治.艾略特《Adam Bede》亚当贝德The Mill on the Floss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》Silas Marner《织工马南传》Middlemarch《米德尔马契》1.show superb conception andexecution and include much favoralfeminist criticism2.describe various inner world anddepict people’s live with cinematicprecision3.moral teaching and psychologicalrealism.精神说教和心理现实主义。