全国2014年4月自考英语阅读(一)真题
2014年全国统一英语试卷及答案
2014年普通高校招生全国统一考试英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AArriving in Sydney on his own India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign address on most of the documents. At last they had seen a halt-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored out faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often senda warm wish their way.1.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A.Go shoppingB.Find a houseC.Join his familyD.Take a vacation2.The girl’s family got Rashid’s phone number from________.A.a friend of his familyB. a Sydney policemanC. a letter in his papersD.a stranger in Sydney3.What does the underlined word”restored” in the last paragraph mean?A.ShowedB.Sent outC.DeliveredD.Gave back4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A.From India to AustraliaB.Living in a New CountryC.Turning Trash to TreasureD.In Search of New FriendsBSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment..“We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Ander son, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, politics leaders, university professions, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the move ment. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports, emissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year 5.5 million tons. The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind if “thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing else will change! ” says Bruce Anderson.5.According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ______.A.the social movementB.recycling techniquesC.environmental problemsD.the importance of Earth Day6.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A.The grass-rootsB.The business circlesernment officialsD.University professors7.What have Americans achieved in environment protection?A.They have cut car emissions to the lowest.B.They have settled their environment problems.C.They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D.They have reduced pollution through effective measures.8.What is especially important for environmental protection according to theparagraph？cationB.PlanningC.Green livingD.CO reductionCOne of the latest trends in American childcare is Chinese au paris. Au Pair in STAMFORD, Conn, for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.“I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age,” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year-old son.”I would at least like to hive him the chance to use the language i n the future.’ After only six months of being cared for by a 25-year-old woman from china, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking an au pair from china: she didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots. “because I am a Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture,” she says“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children. “but parents must understand that just learning until the age of 10 or 12.”The popularity of au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.9.What does the term”au pair”in the text mean?A.A mother raising her children on her ownB. A child learning a foreign language at homeC. A professor in language education of childrenD.D.A young foreign woman taking care of children10.Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them____A.To live in china some dayB.To speak the language at homeC.To catch up with other childrenD.To learn about the Chinese culture11.What can we learn from the text?A.Learning Chinese is becoming popular in Americacated women do better in looking after childrenC.Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skillsD.Children can learn a foreign language well in six monthsDMetro Pocket GuideMetrorail(地铁)Each passenger need a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of serviceOpen: 5a.m. Mon.-Fir 7a.m.-SunClose: midnight Sun.-Thurs 3a.m. Fri.-Sat. nightsLast train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is $1.35. when paying with a SmarTrip®card, the fare is $1.25.Fares for senior/disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metroail and Merobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip® card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, SmarTrip®cards and passes, please visit or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-800.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100.Travel tips(提示)·avoid riding during weekday rush periods-before 9:30a.m. and between 4 and 6p.m.·if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost and Found at 202-962-119512.What should you know about farecard machines?A.They start selling tickets at 9:30a.m.B.They are connected to change machines.C.They offer special service to the elderly.D.They make change for no more than$5.13.At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?A.At midnightB.At 3:30.C.At 5:30D.At 7p.m.14.What is good about a SmarTrip® card?A.It is convenient for old people.B.It saves money for its users.C.It can be bought at any time.D.It is sold on the Internet.15.Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A.202-962-1195B.202-962-1100C.202-637-7000D.202-637-8000第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money,and time. __16_____money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: 1.Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m alreadyhungry and there’s nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already?-____17____2.Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most ofit and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread?___18_____ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3.___19_____ this may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cookingworth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipe that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start. __20____ and don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A.Try new thingsB.Ability is easily improvedC.Make three or four insteadD.Understand your food betterE.Cooking is a burden for many peopleF.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burdenG.A little time planning ahead can save a lot work later on第二部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后个体所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2014年英语专业四级真题及答案(阅读理解)
TEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philipwas completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.TEXT BFor parents who send thei r kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.”Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest CIRP Freshman Survey that reported students' emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress.1) Stress can make smart people do stupid things: Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.2) The human body doesn't discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one: Any stressful experience will create a cascade of 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.3) Stress can become your new norm: When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as yournormal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.4) Stress can be controlled: Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.5) Stress less by loving what you study: Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2010, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts. And these sites also are pumping up sheer volume. Many Twitter and Facebook devotees create settings that alert them, via text message, every time a tweet or message is earmarked for them. In October 2009, 400 million texts alerted social-media users to such new messages across AT&T's wireless network, says Mark Collins, AT&T senior vice president for data and voice products; by September 2010, the number had more than doubled to one billion. (Twitter reports more than two billion tweets are sent each month.)。
【真题】英语二2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷(课程代码00015)第一部分选择题一，阅读判断（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。
Cell PhonesBelieve it or not, cell phones have been around for over a quarter of a century. The first commercial (商业的) cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979. But cell phones have changed a lot since that time. The early cell phones were big and heavy but they have been developed into small and light palm-sized models. There have been huge developments in their functions, too. We have had cell forwarding, text messaging, answering services and hands-free use for years, but now there are countless new uses, such as instant access to the internet and receiving and sending photos.Cell phones have become very common in our lives; recent statistics suggest as many as one in three people on the planet now have a cell phone, and most of them say they can’t live without one. Cell phones are used in every area of our lives and have become a necessary tool, used for essential arrangements, social contact and business. They have made it easier to call for help on the highway. They have made it possible to keep in touch with people” on the move” when people are traveling.Cell phones have made communication easier and have reduced the need for family arguments. We can use cell phones to let our family know we’ll be late or if there’s a change of plan or an emergency(紧急情况)。
2014年04月试卷及答案详解
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷真题解析(课程代码00015)第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。
Running:Sport or Way of Life?You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing onTV that interests you.Not a problem!Just put on some running shoes and comfortableclothes and go for a run.One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensiveequipment.All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment.But don't befooled into thinking the sport of running is easy.It requires discipline and concentration.Running is good for you both physically and mentally.It strengthens your heart,lungs,and muscles.It makes you more aware of your body.Running also improves your body sothat you don't get sick as easily.It can even help you to stay more focused in school becauseexercise helps you to think more clearly.How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it?Most schoolsoffer running programs.A simple Internet search can help you find some in your area.Theprograms show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun.They also teachrunners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies.Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport canbe.If you go to a race,you'll see people cheering for all the runners.Running isn't alwaysabout how fast you are running or how far you're going.It's about getting out there and doingit.Participation is more important than competition,and effort is recognized over talent.If you're looking for more than just a sport,running may be the perfect choice for you.1.You may find it interesting to go for a run.A．True B．False C．Not Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：你可能会发现跑步是一件有趣的事情。
2014年4月全国高等教育自学考试外贸英语写作真题
2014年4月全国高等教育自学考试外贸英语写作真题课程代码：00097请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
Part One: Questions 1-20Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. (在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。
) 20%1. It is requested that shipment ______ before the end of this month.A. is effectedB. be effectedC. should effectD. effects2. ______ your letter of March 5, we are pleased to inform you that the L/C has been received.A. Replying toB. Replying forC. Replied toD. Replied for3. We cannot see any possibility of business ______ your price is too high.A. thoughB. whileC. sinceD. that4. We are extremely sorry about this delay, ______ you will realize was due to circumstances beyond our control.A. thatB. whatC. ifD. which5. The sellers must pack the goods as ______ in the contract.A. stipulatedB. stipulatingC. stipulateD. stipulates6. Generally speaking, a growing demand can result ______ increased price.A. fromB. inC. forD. with7. We are looking forward to developing together with friends at home and abroad and ______ a glorious future.A. build upB. building upC. buildD. building8. I would appreciate your sending us an ______ for your building materials.A. up to date price listB. price list of up to dateC. up-to-date price listD. price list of up-to-date9. Since the article you require is not available for supply at present, we should like to recommend ______ as follows.A. similar somethingB. some similar oneC. some similar thingD. some similar ones10. Your L/C calls for an insurance amount for 130% of the invoice value. ______ ，we would request you to amend the insurance clause.A. The case being itB. The case is like thisC. Such is the caseD. Such being the case11. Our two ______ both asked for leaves of absence in June.A. C.P.A.SB. CPASC. CPA’sD. CPAs12. They ______ about the turnover of the company.A. feel badlyB. badly feelC. feel badD. feel well13. Either Jane or other managers ______ the board meeting next week.A. are attendedB. are to attendC. is attendedD. is to attend14. Ron’s account of the disagreement was ______ than Sue’s version.A. more accurateB. accuraterC. more nearly accurateD. more near accurate15. Bring the proposed agenda to either Brad ______ .A. or meB. or IC. or usD. and I16. We must do ______ to adjust the procedure.A. some thingB. some thingsC. anythingD. something17. ______ traveling first class was questioned by the manager.A. HisB. HeC. HimD. He’s18. The larger the foreign exchange exposure, ______ the exchange risk.A. greaterB. the more greaterC. the greaterD. more great19. If he had been Managing Director, the company ______ collapsed.A. wouldB. shouldC. would haveD. would have been20. Mr. Howard, ______ his study of the situation, was ready to talk about it when I arrived.A. completedB. having completedC. had completedD. being completed非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
2014年英语试题及答案(全国卷I)
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to createartwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue,Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are availableat :http:// .21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A. School students.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winners.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?A. On February 8th.B. On March 10th.C. On March 15thD. On April 21st.23. What type of writing is this text?A .An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.C. An announcement.D. An official report.BPassenger pigeons (旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群)so large that they the sky forhours.It was calculated that when it populationzxxk reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds weremost abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century ,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested hadbeen damaged by American’s need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds togo farther north, where cold temperatures and storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flockswere gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wi pigeon in the UnitedStates was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time , a few birds survived under humancare. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.24. In the 18th and early 19teh centuries, passenger pigeons____.A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird population in the Us25. The underlined word “ undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ ____.A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds.C. To make money.D. To protect crops.27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.CA typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’ the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair n front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is been the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It does n’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? zxxkA. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight.D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A. They feel puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes.D. They have to do something for show30. What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3?A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.31. When the world is “ waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _____A. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisionD. ask for clear guidanceD.As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations zxxkEducational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations _UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Centre Yale University, who specializes in the languages andoral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and zxxkTheir Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China . But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials-including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded –the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project __Turin has started a campaign to make suchzxxk documents, for the world available not justto scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32. Many scholars are making efforts to ______.A. promote global languagesB. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communitiesD. set up language research organizations.33. What does “that tradition’ in Paragraph 3 refer to ?A. Having full records of the languagesB. Writing books on language teaching.C. Telling stories about language usersD. Living with the native speaker.34. What is Turin’s book based on?A. The cultural studiesB. The documents available at Yale.C. His language research in Bhutan.D. His personal experience in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describe Turin’s work?A. Write, sell and donate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and reconnect.D. Design, experiment and report.第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
英语(一)真题2014年04月
英语(一)真题2014年04月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Away from HomeCristobal Martin was born in Granada, Spain, 38 years ago. "Granada is the most beautiful city in the world," says Mr. Martin. "Its sun is warm and its air is clear." Today, Mr. Martin works in Germany, where the weather is often cold and rainy. But in Germany, he works in a factory and makes a much better pay. "In Granada, there is very little industry. I was only a farm worker. When the German company came and offered me a job, I took it right away." Mr. Martin works in a chemical factory. He works from 7:00 am to 4:00 pm. From 10:00 pm to 1:00 am, he has another job cleaning out the office of a doctor in his neighborhood.Mr. Martin does not speak much German. "I wish I had time to go to school and learn more. It would be easier to tive here. I have sat with the same men at lunch every day for four years, and we never talk to each other. They think of me as a "foreigner"," he says.After work, Mr. Martin rides home on the bicycle he brought with him from Spain. "I live in a small room that I don"t like very much. But I know that a better room is not why I came to Germany." Mr. Martin hopes that in two years he will have enough money to return home. "I want to open up a small shop, find a wife, and have a satisfactory life for me and my family."Mr. Martin lives in a neighborhood with Italians and Spanish people. "We think alike," he says, "and we don"t mind the noise of the wives and children that the Germans complain about. I am thankful for the jobs Germany has given me. But Germany is not the proper place for me. It is not my home."（分数：10.00）(1).The weather in Granada is cold and rainy.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.False √C.Not Given解析：[考点] 正确理解文意[解析] 根据文章第一段第2、3句可知，Granada是一个温暖而干净的地方。
2014年英语专业四级真题及答案(阅读理解)
TEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philipwas completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.TEXT BFor parents who send thei r kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,〞it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.〞Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest CIRP Freshman Survey that reported students' emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress.1) Stress can make smart people do stupid things: Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.〞In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.2) The human body doesn't discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one: Any stressful experience will create a cascade of 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.3) Stress can become your new norm: When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as yournormal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.4) Stress can be controlled: Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.5) Stress less by loving what you study: Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2021, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts. And these sites also are pumping up sheer volume. Many Twitter and Facebook devotees create settings that alert them, via text message, every time a tweet or message is earmarked for them. In October 2021, 400 million texts alerted social-media users to such new messages across AT&T's wireless network, says Mark Collins, AT&T senior vice president for data and voice products; by September 2021, the number had more than doubled to one billion. (Twitter reports more than two billion tweets are sent each month.)。
英语一真题2014年04月
英语(一)真题2014年04月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、第一部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Away from HomeCristobal Martin was born in Granada, Spain, 38 years ago. Granada is the most beautiful cityin the world, says Mr. Martin. Its sun is warm and its air is clear. Today, Mr. Martin worksin Germany, where the weather is often cold and rainy. But in Germany, he works in a factory and makes a much better pay. In Granada, there is very little industry. I was only a farm worker. When the German company came and offered me a job, I took it right away. Mr. Martin works ina chemical factory. He works from 7:00 am to 4:00 pm. From 10:00 pm to 1:00 am, he has another job cleaning out the office of a doctor in his neighborhood.Mr. Martin does not speak much German. I wish I had time to go to school and learn more. It would be easier to tive here. I have sat with the same men at lunch every day for four years, and we never talk to each other. They think of me as aoreigner, he says.After work, Mr. Martin rides home on the bicycle he brought with him from Spain. I live in asmall room that I don like very much. But I know that a better room is not why I came to Germany. Mr. Martin hopes that in two years he will have enough money to return home. I want to open upa small shop, find a wife, and have a satisfactory life for me and my family.Mr. Martin lives in a neighborhood with Italians and Spanish people. We think alike, he says,and we don mind the noise of the wives and children that the Germans complain about. I am thankfulfor the jobs Germany has given me. But Germany is not the proper place for me. It is not my 潨敭尮（分数：10.00）(1).The weather in Granada is cold and rainy.（分数：1.00）A.TrueB.False √C.Not Given解析：[考点] 正确理解文意[解析] 根据文章第一段第2、3句可知，Granada是一个温暖而干净的地方。
2014年4月英语一试题及答案
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）试卷(课程代码00012)第一部分选择题一，阅读判断（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C,并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。
Private Car in AmericaThe private automobile(私家车)has long played an important role in the United States. In fact, it has become a necessary and important part of the American way of life. In 1986, sixty-nine percent of American families owned at least one car, and thirty-eight percent had more than one. By giving workers rapid transportation, the automobile has freed them from having to live near their place of work. This has encouraged the growth of the cities, but it has also led to traffic problems.For farm families, the automobile is very helpful. It has made it possible for them to travel to town very often for business and for pleasure, and also to transport their children to distant schools. Family life has been affected(影响)in different ways. The car helps to keep families together when it is used for picnics outings, and other shared experiences. However, when teenage children have the use of the car, their parents can’t keep an eye on them. There is a great danger if the driver has been drinking alcohol or taking drugs, or showing off by speeding or breaking down traffic laws. Mothers of victims(受害者)of such accidents have formed an organization called MADD(Mothers Against Drunk Driving). These women want to prevent further tragedies(悲剧). They have worked to encourage the government to limit the youngest drinking age. Students have formed a similar organization SADD (Students Against Drunk Driving)and are spreading the same message among their friends.For many Americans, the automobile is a necessity. But for some, it is also a mark of social position and for young people, a sign of becoming an adult. Altogether, cars mean very much to American, even though they cause a lot of environmental problems to people.1. People in the United States start to have their private automobile recently.A .True B. False C. Not given2. In 1986, thirty-eight percent of American families owned one car.A .True B. False C. Not given3. For farm families, the cows and horses are more important for them.A .True B. False C. Not given4. The automobile makes parents easier to send their children to far-away schools.A .True B. False C. Not given5. The driver who drank alcohol should not drive his car.A .True B. False C. Not given6. Speeding or breaking traffic laws is of no danger.A .True B. False C. Not given7. The organization of MADD is supported by those fathers.A .True B. False C. Not given8. Students also set up an organization to prevent traffic accident.A .True B. False C. Not given9. The automobile is only the mark of social position for many Americans.A .True B. False C. Not given10. Driving the automobile is bad for the environment.A .True B. False C. Not given二阅读选择（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中选出一个最佳选项，并在“答题卡”上将相应字母涂黑。
2014年英语专业四级真题及答案(阅读理解)
TEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philipwas completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.TEXT BFor parents who send thei r kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,〞it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.〞Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest CIRP Freshman Survey that reported students' emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress.1) Stress can make smart people do stupid things: Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.〞In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.2) The human body doesn't discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one: Any stressful experience will create a cascade of 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.3) Stress can become your new norm: When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as yournormal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.4) Stress can be controlled: Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.5) Stress less by loving what you study: Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2021, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts. And these sites also are pumping up sheer volume. Many Twitter and Facebook devotees create settings that alert them, via text message, every time a tweet or message is earmarked for them. In October 2021, 400 million texts alerted social-media users to such new messages across AT&T's wireless network, says Mark Collins, AT&T senior vice president for data and voice products; by September 2021, the number had more than doubled to one billion. (Twitter reports more than two billion tweets are sent each month.)。
全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题
全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题 课程代码：00088 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分） （一）词汇应用（15分） 选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1. Did he give a ______ account of what have happened?A. truthfulB. wastefulC. stressfulD. harmful 2. It can kill you if you don’t notice the ______ signals.A. warnedB. misleadingC. warningD. fancy-sounding 3. Then it’s time to join a relaxation class or ______ dancing, painting or gardening.A. take upB. take intoC. get downD. get into 4. By using UPC, the computer can print out the ______ price of the item.A. averageB. accurateC. activeD. artificial 5. The potato chip bags weigh 75 grams ______.A. pieceB. apieceC. alikeD. a like 6. Many other trains were stopping and ______ their passengers, and there were thousands of people in the station.A. unfoldingB. unlockingC. unloadingD. unfastening 7. Rust ______ very quickly when iron is not protected from dampness by paint, or in some other way.A. makesB. comesC. formsD. refines 8. —What’s wrong with him? —He is quite ______ about his chances of getting a decent job.A. excitedB. interestedC. confidentD. pessimistic 9. Being away for more than a decade, he is still strongly ______ to his homeland.A. appliedB. assortedC. attachedD. allocated 10. He thought he could ______ from attending the MBA program. That’s why he quit the job.A. benefitB. gainC. promoteD. achieve 11. The president ______ a plan to cut the government spending in the following year.A. put offB. put onC. put forwardD. put out 12. You are in a very ______ position to apply for this job. Have a try!A. comparableB. crucialC. exclusiveD. advantageous 13. All the speakers are required to ______ their speech to this topic.A. restrictB. limitC. referD. confine 14. He has been ______ in advertising for a number of years. Maybe you could turn to him for some advice？A. estimatedB. exposedC. engagedD. embodied 15. Don’t worry. He’s very much ______ of finishing the job on his own.A. capableB. strongC. ableD. wise （二）语法结构（15分） 选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
自考英语(一)2014年04月试题及答案
自考英语(一)2014年04月试题及答案自考英语（一）2014年04月试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. 阅读下面短文，然后回答问题。
A New Era for EducationThe traditional model of education, where teachers stand in front of a classroom and students passively listen, is undergoing a significant transformation. With the advent of technology, the way students learn is changing. Now, students can access a wealth of information online, participate in virtual classrooms, and engage with their peers in a global community.Question: What is the main idea of the passage?A. The traditional model of education is outdated.B. Technology is changing the way students learn.C. Students are now more active in the learning process.D. The role of teachers is diminishing.Answer: B2. 阅读第二篇短文，然后回答问题。
The Importance of TeamworkTeamwork is essential in today's workplace. It involvescollaboration, communication, and mutual respect among team members. When a team works well together, it can achieve more than individuals working alone. Companies that value teamwork often have a competitive edge because they can innovate and adapt to changes more quickly.Question: What is the main benefit of teamwork mentioned in the passage?A. It promotes individual achievements.B. It leads to better communication among team members.C. It allows companies to innovate and adapt faster.D. It ensures mutual respect among team members.Answer: C（注：由于没有提供具体的短文内容，以上题目和答案为示例性质，实际试题应包含完整的短文和相应的问题及选项。
2014年4月自考公共课考试真题之《英语(一)》真题
2014年4月自考公共课考试真题之《英语（一）》真题Ⅰ.语法和词汇填空。
阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。
错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。
(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1. I can’t help wondering ________ that has made her so excited.A. what it isB. how it isC. what is itD. how is it2.________ his leg was badly injured, the boy managed to attend class every day.A. IfB. UnlessC. AlthoughD. Because3. Some 40 percent of the hired hands left before they ________ their term of service.A. finishB. finishedC. would finishD. have finished4. His best novel was written in ________ he called the “sweet new style” of the language.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which5. I think if I ________ stay in Italy for another three months, we, Jim and I, might become good friends.A. willB. shallC. wouldD. were to6. When I arrived she greeted me at the door, her kids all ________ behind.A. standingB. stoodC. have been standingD. were standing7. Across the continent of South America ________ the Amazon River.A. lieB. liesC. is lyingD. lying8. According to a recent official report, Britain’s economy grew ________ the first quarter of the year.A. half as fast asB. half faster thanC. half fast asD. as half fast as9. Mr. Smith fully shares the view of the speaker ________ every man is as good as his neighbor.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that10. Henry’s plan was ________ the couple to dinner at a nice restaurant and then ask them for their forgiveness.A. invitingB. invitedC. to inviteD. going to invite11. Most students make a study plan ________ the beginning of the new term.A. onB. inC. fromD. at12. The family found it hard to ________ from the traditions of their own country and adapt to the new environment.A. break awayB. break downC. break outD. break up13. Three years ________ a long time to be cut off from contact with your friends.A. areB. wereC. isD. be14. I wonder why Alice ________ to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn’t writtenB. hadn’t writtenC. didn’t writeD. doesn’t write15. No fund has been provided to build a system ________ reading fingerprints more efficiently.A. good atB. keen onC. concerned forD. capable of16. Drying is the oldest type of food storage. Drying fruit sometimes ________ a completely new product.A. turns intoB. results inC. turns fromD. results from17. The police with a group of experts arrived at the ________ of the accident in ten minutes.A. sightB. pointC. sceneD. space18. The governor spoke to the earthquake victims, ________them that everything would be done to help them rebuild their homes.A. providingB. assuringC. comfortingD. advising19. In many countries, there aren’t sufficient water resources ________ for future development.A. offeredB. providedC. existentD. available20. The flight has been delayed for four hours ________ the foggy weather.A. for fear ofB. owing toC. for the sake ofD. according toⅡ.阅读理解。
2014年英语专业四级真题及答案(阅读理解).doc
TEXT AAfter breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy, of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under-masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one, leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voice, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was a quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes' rest.The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others stationed themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philip's clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh; then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming in their treble voices with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. They laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philip's deformity. One of them invented an odd, rolling limp that struck the rest as supremely ridiculous, and several of the boys lay down on the ground and rolled about in laughter: Philipwas completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all his strength to prevent himself from crying.TEXT BFor parents who send thei r kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.”Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest CIRP Freshman Survey that reported students' emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jobs lined up.Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress.1) Stress can make smart people do stupid things: Stress causes what brain researchers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well.2) The human body doesn't discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one: Any stressful experience will create a cascade of 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain.3) Stress can become your new norm: When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as yournormal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state.4) Stress can be controlled: Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing techniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state.5) Stress less by loving what you study: Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. It's suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.TEXT CFor anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a month—more than 100 per day, according to the Nielsen Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of 2010, up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says.Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is increasingly beside the point.Part of what's driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts. And these sites also are pumping up sheer volume. Many Twitter and Facebook devotees create settings that alert them, via text message, every time a tweet or message is earmarked for them. In October 2009, 400 million texts alerted social-media users to such new messages across AT&T's wireless network, says Mark Collins, AT&T senior vice president for data and voice products; by September 2010, the number had more than doubled to one billion. (Twitter reports more than two billion tweets are sent each month.)赠送以下资料考试知识点技巧大全一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。
自考英语阅读一试题参考答案
自考英语阅读一试题参考答案绝密?考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码:00595请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项:1(答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2(每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the young woman with the white cane made her way cautiously up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to feel the location of the seats, settled into one. She placed her briefcase on her lap and rested her cane against her leg.It had been a year since Susan, thirty-four, became blind. As the result of a medical accident she was sightless, suddenly thrown into a world of darkness, anger,frustration and self-pity. All she could cling to was her husband Mark.Mark was an Air Force officer and he loved Susan with all his heart. When she first lost her sight, he watched her sink into despair and he became determined to use every means to help his wife.Finally, Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would sheget there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too frightened to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening until she got the hang of (摸清情况) it. And that was exactly what happened.For two weeks, Mark, military uniform and all, accompanied Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other senses, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. He helped her befriend the bus drivers who could watch out for her, and save her a seat.Each morning they made the journey together, and Mark would take ataxi back to his office. Although the routine of going back and forth was costly, Mark knew it was only a matter of time before Susan would be able to ride the bus on her own.Finally, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip on her own. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she embraced her husbandtightly. Her eyes filled with tears of gratitude for his loyalty, his patience, and his love. She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their separate ways. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday... Each day on her own went perfectly, and a wild gaiety (快乐) took hold of Susan. She was doing it! She was going to work all by herself!.1. When Susan got on the bus, the passengers ______.A. admired herB. stared curiously at herC. ignored herD. felt sorry for her2. Which of the following is true of Mark?A. He kept confidence in Susan.B. He felt confused with Susan.C. He depended more on Susan.D. He was tired of Susan.3. At the beginning of her sightless life, Susan was seized by anger, self-pity and ______. A. irritation B. hesitationC. hopelessnessD. indifference4. Which of the following is true?A. Mark realized it would take a long time for Susan to recover her sight.B. Mark knew that Susan would get to work by herself sooner or later.C. Mark hated to leave poor Susan alone even for one minute.D. Mark loved the routine of accompanying Susan to work.5. The passage can be used as an example of ______.A. honestyB. sympathyC. diligenceD. determinationPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Most people claim that we should judge others on the basis of howthey act, not how they look. However, the reality is quite opposite. Appearance is especially important in the early stages of a relationship.The influence of physical attractiveness begins early in life.Infants as young as six months prefer images of attractive faces to less appealing ones. From age five on, overweight boys are viewed by peers as less attractive; tall, thin ones are judged as uncommunicative and nervous; and muscular and athletic youngsters are seen as outgoing, active, and popular. The same principle continues into adult life. Handsome men and beautiful women are seen as more sensitive, kind, interesting, strong, calm, modest, sociable, outgoing, and exciting than their less attractive counterparts. Adults are more likely tointeract with strangers who theyview as attractive. Senior citizens also rate good-looking people as more desirable than those who are less attractive.Although we might assume that attractive people are radicallydifferent from those who are less attractive, the truth is that we view the familiar as beautiful. Langlois and Roggman presented students with two types of photos: some were images of people from North European, Asian, and Latino backgrounds, while others were computer-generated images that combined the characteristics of several individuals. Surprisingly, the students consistently preferred the composite photosof both men and women. When the features of eight or more individualswere combined into one image, the students rated the picture as more attractive than the features of a single person or of a smaller combination of people. Thus, we seem to be drawn to people who represent the most attractive qualities of ourselves and those people aren't different from the rest of us.Even if your appearance isn't beautiful by social standards,consider these encouraging facts: first, ordinary-looking people with pleasing personalities are likely to be judged as being attractive; second, physical factors become less important as a relationship progress. As Hamachek puts it, “Attractive fe atures may open doors, but apparently, it takes more than physical beauty to keep them open.”6. “The same principle” (Para. 2) refers to the principle that______.A. children are more attractive than adultsB. attractive people are perceived as desirableC. the early stages of a relationship are importantD. the influence of appearance begins early in life7. The third paragraph emphasizes in part the importance of ______.A. familiarityB. differenceC. individualityD. consistency8. According to the passage, the more composite features people have, ______.A. the more unique they areB. the less ordinary they areC. the more attractive they areD. the less beautiful they are9. In his statement, Hamachek is giving emphasis to ______.A. social standardsB. composite featuresC. good characterD. physical attraction10. The best title for the passage is ______.A. Beauty and AgeB. Appearance and RelationshipC. Standards of Social BehaviorD. Features of Physical AttractivenessPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The public schools of the United States—elementary, secondary, and higher—have a history, and it is the social history of the United States: the decades beforethe Civil War, in which the elemen tary or “common schools” were reformed; the decades surrounding the turn of the twentieth century, in which the secondary schools “welcomed” the “children of the plain people”; and the post-World War II decades, which found the public colleges and universities flooded non-traditionalstudents—those traditionally excluded from higher education by sex, race, and class.In each of these periods, the quantitative expansion of the student population was matched by a qualitative transformation of the enlarged institutions. The common schools of the mid-1800s were charged with reforming the moral character of the children of failed artisans (工匠)and farmers; the expanded high schools at the turn of the century with preparing their poor, working-class, and immigrant teenagers for future lives in city and factory; the “open-access” publicinstitutions in the postwar period with moving their students offthe unemployment lines and into lower-level white-collar positions.The common schools, the high schools, the colleges and universities—all in their own times—were expanded and transformed so that they might better maintain social order and increase material productivity. But no matter how enlarged or reformed, they could not do the jobs expected of them: they could not solve the economic, social, and human problems brought about by uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization within the context of the private property system. The schooling reforms succeeded only in shifting the discussion and action from the social and productive system to the people who were now held responsible for not fitting into it.11. American education in the post-World War II decades focused mostly on ______. A. early childhood education B. elementary school educationC. secondary school educationD. college education12. The turn-of-the-century American education dealt partly with the problem of ______. A. failed farmers B. unsuccessful artisansC. immigrant teenagersD. lower-level white-collar workers13. It is implied in the passage that women began to be educated in large numbers ______.thA. after the Civil War B. at the turn of the 20 centuryC. before World War IID. after World War II14. One of the purposes for public school reformation is ______.A. to increase material productivityB. to impose the quality of educationC. to urbanize rural areas in the United StatesD. to promote industrialization in the United States15. The author believes that public schools ______.A. changed American political systemB. could not solve American problemsC. led to social problems in the United StatesD. could not improve qualitatively in the United StatesPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Historical periods are dominated by distinct sets of ideas whichform the general spirit of a period in history. Greek philosophy, Christianity, Renaissance thought, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment are examples of sets of ideas that dominated their historical periods. The changes from one period to the next are usually rather gradual.; other changes—more abrupt—are often referred to as revolutions. The most far-reaching of all these intellectual changes was theDarwinian revolution. The worldview formed by any thinking person in the Western world after 1859, when On the Origin of Species waspublished, was by necessity quite different from a worldview formed before 1859. It is almost impossible for a modern person to project back to the early half of the nineteenth century and reconstruct the thinking of this pre-Darwinian period, for the impact of Darwinism on our views has been so great.The intellectual revolution brought about by Darwin went far beyond the realm of biology, causing the overthrow of some of the most basic beliefs of his age. For example, Darwin rejected the belief in the individual creation of each species, establishing in its place the concept that all of life descended from a common ancestor. By extension, he introduced the idea that humans were not the special products of creation but evolved according to principles that operate everywhere else in the living world. Darwin upset current notions of a perfectly designed natural and gentle world and substituted in their place the concept of a struggle for survival. Victorian notions of progress and perfectibility were seriously weakened by Darwin's demonstration that evolution brings about change and adaptation,but it does not necessarily lead to progress, and it never leads to perfection.Darwin would be remembered as an outstanding scientist even if he had never written a word about evolution. Indeed, some people believe that Darwin’smost original contribution to biology was not the theory ofevolution but his series of books on experimental botany published nearthe end of his life. This achievement is little known among non-biologists, and the same is true for his equally outstanding work on the adaptation of flowers and on animal psychology, as well as his imaginative work on earthworms. Darwin also attacked important problems with extraordinary originality, thereby becoming the founder of several now well-recognized separate disciplines. Darwin was the first person to work out a sound theory of classification, which is still used by most experts today. 16. The author con siders the change caused by Darwin’s On the Origin of Species ______.A. gradualB. abruptC. religiousD. philosophical17. The influence of Darwinism has been so strong that it isdifficult to ______. A. know how people looked at the world before 1859B. imagine people’s worldview after 1859C. disregard the implications of his theoryD. know what Victorian society was like18. Darwin believed that all species in the world ______.A. were created individuallyB. sprang from the same originC. became increasingly betterD. shared the same pace of progress19. It can be concluded from the passage that Darwin was ______.A. a modest scholarB. a born thinkerC. an original scientistD. a practical theorist20. The author intends to say in the last paragraph that ______.A. Darwin did outstanding work apart from his theory of evolutionB. non-biologists know very little about Darwin's theory ofevolution C. scholars failed to recognize Darwin’s contributions for a long timeD. Darwin's most outstanding contribution is his theory of classification II. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Potatoes are a tuber-producing crop originally grown in the Americas. Over 200 varieties of wild potatoes grow from what is now Colorado to what are now Chile and Argentina. The native peoples of the Andeanregion of South America were the first to domesticate potatoes and to cultivate them as a food crop. The earliest potato, found in an archaeological site in central Peru, has been dated back to about 8000 B.C.. Scientists believe that American Indians began domesticating potatoes at the end of the Ice Age. Four thousand years later, native peoples living in the Andean highlands had begun to rely on potatoes as a major part of their diet. By about 2000 B.C.. Indians in the coastal region of what is now Peru were also cultivating this crop extensively.During the reign of the Inca, who established their empire in whatis now Peru in about A.D. 1000, American Indian farmers were growing not only white potatoes but red, yellow, black, blue, green, and brown onesas well. They were deliberately developing potatoes of varying sizes and shapes that would do well under a number of growing conditions. Because potatoes were easily grown, flourish in a number of climates, and highin vitamin C, they were an efficient way ofmeeting dietary needs.In 1531, when Spanish conqueror Francisco Pizarro landed in what is now Peru, the native Andean peoples had developed about 3,000 types of potatoes and had also invented a method to freeze-dry them for storage. The Inca, who called potatoes papas, ate boiled potatoes as a vegetable and also made a kind of unleavened potato bread made from flour that had been ground from freeze-dried potatoes. They also added this potatoflour to soups and stews and made porridge from it.Pedro de Cieza, who traveled with Francisco Pizarro's expedition, compared potatoes to chestnuts. Because the tubers grew underground and were small, the Spaniards believed potatoes were truffles (块菌) and began calling them tartuffo. When English explorer Sir Francis Drake crossed the Strait of Magellan, he atepotatoes on the coast of what is now Chile that same year. Yet, historians are uncertain exactly whether the Spaniards or the English brought potatoes to Europe. 21. The earliest potato was found in ______.A. PeruB. ChileC. ArgentinaD. Colorado22. Potatoes became the major source of food for American Indians about ______. A. 8000 B.C. B. 4000 B.C.C. 2000 B.C.D.A.D. 100023. American Indians developed potatoes of different sizes and shapes to ______. A. meet different dietary needsB. get potatoes of different colorsC. suit various growing conditionsD. store them in convenient places24. American Indians freeze-dried potatoes so that they could be______. A. stewed B. groundC. storedD. boiled25. Which of the following is true?A. Historians believe that the English brought potatoes to Europe.B. Sir Francis Drake ate potatoes in what is now Peru.C. Francisco Pizarro compared potatoes to chestnuts.D. The Spaniards thought that potatoes were truffles.Passage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The blogging craze of a couple of years ago, when it was estimated that ten new blogs were started somewhere in the world every minute, now seems to have died down a bit. Yet thousands of blogs—probably the better ones—remain. Blogs are now no longer seen as the exclusive possession of geeks, and are now seenas important and influential sources of news and opinions. So many people read blogs now that it has even been suggested that some blogsmay have been powerful enough to influence the result of the recent U.S. election.Blogs are very easy to set up. All you need is a computer, aninternet connection and the desire to write something. A blog differs from a traditional internet site in two ways. First, a blog is one page consisting mostly of texts, though a few pictures are sometimes provided. Second, and more importantly, a blog is a space for people to respond to what you write. The best blogs are similar to online discussions, where people write in response to what the blogger has written. Blogs are regularly updated—busy blogs are updated every day, or even every few hours.Not all blogs are about politics, however. There are blogs about music, films, sports, books—any subject you can imagine has its enthusiasts typing away andgiving their opinions to fellow enthusiasts or anyone else who cares to read their opinions.But how influential, or important, is the blogosphere really? One problem with blogs is that many people who read and write them seem only to communicate with each other. When people talk about the influence of the blogosphere, they do not take into account the millions of people around the world who are not bloggers, never read blogs, and don't even have access to a computer, let alone a good internet connection.Sometimes, it seems that the blogosphere exists only to influence itself, or that its influence is limited to what is actually quite asmall community. Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy—in which anyone can say anything they like, and have their opinions heard—but who is actually listening to these opinions? Little hard evidence shows that blogs have influenced people in the way that traditional mass media such as television and newspapers are able to do.26. Now the blogging craze ______.A. is emergingB. has become less intenseC. keeps risingD. remains the same as before27. Blogs differ from traditional internet sites in that ______.A. texts are mostly shortB. they present picturesC. they are daily updatedD. readers can make comments28. One problem with blogs is that bloggers fail to consider ______.A. non-bloggersB. virtual democracyC. U.S. politiciansD. internet connection29. In the author's opinion, the influence of the blogosphere is______.A. importantB. powerfulC. positiveD. limited30. According to the author, it is not difficult to ______.A. set up blogsB. make blogs involve everyoneC. show the importance of blogosphereD. make blogs surpass traditional mass media非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
详细解析版2014-2004高考英语阅读理解A篇
2014-2004年高考英语阅读理解A篇2014全国一卷The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. 第21题Theshows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at 第22题a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http:// .21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A. School students.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winners.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?A. On February 8th.B. On March 10th.C. On March 15thD. On April 21st.23. What type of writing is this text? 这是一篇某个比赛活动的宣传文章，所以选C.A. An exhibition guide.B. An art show review.C. An announcement.D. An official report.2013全国一卷Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six-year-old son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and 第56题Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meeting in New York. So I had to get back. But that didn't mean my husband and my son(只是让儿子等待，并不代表strict) couldn't stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged-okay, ordered-them to wait it out at the airport, to "earn" more Delta Dollars. (此处已第二次妥协，不是seldom妥协) Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer 第58题reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in. I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts. (质量好的家具肯定贵，57题D错)56. Why did Delta give the author's family credits? 大写字母比较显眼，从前往后找大写D，再找creditsA. They took a later flight.B. They had early bookings.C. Their flight had been delayed.D. Their flight had been cancelled.57. What can we learn about the author? 题目中难以提取关键词，看选项B. She seldom makes a compromise.C. She is very strict with her childrenD. She is interested in cheap products.58. What does the author do? 选项较短，可先看选项，注意原文不一定会原话说出答案，注意同意转换A. She's a teacher.B. She's a housewife.C. She's a media person.D. She's a businesswoman.59. What does the author want to tell us? 根据最后一段内容可知文章主要在讲钱的价值问题A. A science textbook.B. A tourist map.C. A museum guide.D. A news report.2011全国一卷When milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr.Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5 year-old boy, 第56题I couldn’t take my eyes off thecoin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note-“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”-and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically(魔术般)appear.All of this was about more than convenience. 第57题There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even 第57题关键词had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly 第58题关键词no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production cheaper milk, thus 第58题making it difficult for milkmen to compete(竞争). Beside, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box the countryside I saw 第59题brought back my childhood memories. 第59题关键词Took it home and planted it on the back porch(门廊).Every so often my son’s friend will asked what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.56. Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out his coin changer .A.to show his magical powerB.to pay for the deliveryC.to satisfy his curiosityD.to please his mother57. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?A. He wanted to have tea there.B. He was a respectable person.C. He was treated as a family member.D. He was fully trusted by the family.58. Why dose home milk delivery no longer exist?A. Nobody wants to be a milkman now.B. It has been driven out of the market.C. Its service is getting poor.D. It is forbidden by law.59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A. He missed the good old days.B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He planted flowers in it.2010全国一卷Shakespeare’s Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare’s WorldWelcome to the world—famous house where William Shakespeare was born in 1564 and where he grew up The property (房产) remained in the ownership of Shakespeare’s family until1806 .The House haswelcomed visitors traveling from all over the world, for over 250 years.◆Enter through the Visitors’ Centre and see the highly-praised exhibitionShakespeare's World, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare◆Stand in the rooms where Shakespeare grew up◆Discover examples of furniture and needlework from Shakespeare’s period◆Enjoy the traditional (传统的) English garden，planted with trees and flower mentioned inthe poet’s works◆The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the 第57题关键词car parks shownon the map；第57题Nearest is Windsor Street (3 minutes’ Walk)◆第58题The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre, its exhibition, and thegarden are accessible (可进入的)to wheelchair users◆The Shakespeare Coffee House (opposite the Birthplace)56．How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children？根据第二张图得出，且有家庭票A．￡9.80．B．￡12.00．C．￡14.20．D．￡16.40．57．Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’s Birthplace？A．Behind the exhibition hall．B．Opposite the Visitors’ Centre．C．At Windsor Street．D．Near the Coffee House．58．A wheelchair user may need help to enter ．A．the House B．the garden C．the Visitors’ Centre D．The exhibition hall2009全国一卷I suddenly heard an elephant crying as though frightened. Looking down, I immediately recognized that something was wrong, and 56题辅助定位ran down to the edge of the near bank. There 56题关键字I saw Ma Shwe with her three-month-old calf struggling in the fast-rising water, and it was a life-and-death struggle. Her calf was floating and screaming with fear. Ma Shwe was as near to the far bank as she could get, 第56题holding her whole body against the rushing water and keeping the calf pressed against her huge body. Every now and then the rushing water would sweep the calf a way.There was a sudden rise in the water and the calf was washed clean over the mother’s body and was gone. 第57题Ma Shwe turned quickly to reach it and pressed the calf with her head and trunk(象鼻)against the rocky bank. Then with a huge effort she picked it up in her trunk and tried until she was able to place it on a narrow shelf of rock.Just at this moment she fell back into the river. If she were carried down it would be certain death. I knew as well as she did, that there was one spot(地点)where she could get up the bank, but it was on the other side from where she had put her calf.While I was wondering what I could do next, I heard the sound of a mother’s love Ma Shwe had crossed the river and got up the bank and was making her way back as fast as she could, 第58题roaring(吼叫)all the time but to her calf it was music.56．The moment the author got down to the river bank he saw______. He saw是关键字，got down to the river bank是辅助定位A. the calf was about to fall into the riverB. Ma Shwe was placing the calf on the rockC. the calf was washed away by the rising waterD. Ma Shwe was holding the calf against the rushing water 57．How did Ma Shwe manage to save her calf from the fast-flowing water? 可用排除法，原文在描述一连串的动作，难以直接判断哪个是正确答案A. By putting it on a safe spotB. By pressing it against her body (原文是the rocky bank)C. By taking it away with her (原文是把小象放石头上，没有带走)D. By carrying it on her back (原文是把小象放石头上，不是放背上)58．How did the calf feel about the mother elephant’s roaring?A. It was a great comfortB. It was a sign of dangerC. It was a call for helpD. It was a musical note59．What can be the best title for the text? 母象冒着生命危险救小象的故事A. A Mother’s LoveB. A Brave ActC. A Deadly RiverD. A Matter of Life and Death2008全国一卷Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson, Arizona. He moved there a few yearsThe bike, a black Kona 18 speed, 第56题关键词was our only transport(唯一的交通工具= important). 第56题Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family. And the bike was also used to get groceries(食品杂货), saving us from having to walk long distances from where we live.I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that第58题I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story. Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help. One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up. Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job. It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so. This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity(人性) as a whole. And it has influenced(影响) us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others. No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares. And the results can be everlasting.56. Why was the bike so important to the couple?A. the man’s job was bike racing.B. It was their only possession.C. It was a nice Kona 18 speed.D. they used it for work and daily life.57. It can be inferred that greyhounds .A. love big doghouses (反)B. like staying in bed all dayC. make the best guard dogs (没提到)D. need some exercise outdoors (反)58. Why does the author say that greyhounds make great pets?A. They are big in size.B. They live a very long life.C. They can run races for some time.D. They are quiet and easy to look after.59. If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important . 直接看选项，而且会发现选项内容都在最后一段A.to keep it slimC.to take special care of its legsD.to take it to animal doctors regularly2005全国一卷Pet owners are being encouraged to take their animals to work, a move scientists say can be good for productivity, workplace morale (士气), and the well-being of animals.A study found that 25% of Australian women would like to keep an office pet. Sue Chaseling of Petcare informationin teaching is an advantage but not specially required. (59题A项错) Knowledge of the Japanese language is not necessary but good English skills and 第59题practical computer knowledge are basic requirements.Apply with C. V. and send letters to:NOVA France, Mr. Sampy (IHT3/2)34, Bd. Haussmann, 75009 Paris, FranceFax: 33148014804Or visit our website: www. teadyp. com第58题The manager expects to meet and talk with successful applicants in Paris in June and July.此文章特点：一篇招工的应用文，会将信息分条列出，需细心读清楚每条信息就能做题。
全国2019年4月自考英语(一)试题和答案
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（一）试题和答案评分标准（课程代码：00012）第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（本大题共10个小题，每题1分，共10分）自考赢家下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
未涂、错涂或者多涂均无分。
Away from HomeCristobal Martin was born in Granada,Spain,38year ago.”Granada is the most beautiful city in the world,”says Mr.Martin.”Its sun is warm and its air is clear.”Today,Mr Martin works in Germany,where the weather is often cold and rainy.But in Germany,he works in a factory and makes a much better pay.“In Granada, there is very little industry.I was only a farm worker.When the German company came and offered me a job,I took it right away.”Mr.Martin works in a chemical factory.He works from7:00am to4:00pm.From10:00pm to1:00am,he has another job cleaning out the office of a doctor in his neighborhood.Mr.Martin does speak much German.“I wish had time go to school and learn more.It would be easier to live here.I have sat with the same men at lunch every day for four years,and we never talk to each other.They think of me as a ‘foreigner’.”he says.After work,Mr Martin rides home on the bicycle he brought with him from Spain.“I live in a small room that I don’t like very much.But I know that a better room is not why I came to Germany.”Mr.Martin hopes that in two years he will have enough money to return home.“I want to open up a small shop,find a wife,and have a satisfactory life for me and my family.”Mr.Martin lives in a neighborhood with Italians and Spanish people.“We think alike,”he says,“and we don’t mind the noise of the wives and children that the Germans complain about.I am thankful for the jobs Germany has given me.But Germany is not the proper place for me.It is not my home.1.The weather in Granada is cold and rainy.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：B（1分）2.Mr.Martin went to Germany after finishing high school.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：C（1分）3.Mr.Martin now earns more money than before.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：A（1分）4.Mr.Martin works in a chemical factory at night.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：B（1分）5.Mr.Martin speaks little German.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：A（1分）6.Mr.Martin rides home frome work on a bike he bought in Germany.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：B（1分）7.Mr.Martin does not enjoy his small room.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：A（1分）8.Mr.Martin wants to return home in two years.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：A（1分）9.Mr.Martin lives in a place with many German neighbors.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：B（1分）10.German workers feel Germany is the proper place for foreigners.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given正确答案：C（1分）二、阅读选择（本大题共5小题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
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绝密★考试结束前全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I.CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully.Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points,2points each)Passage1Questions1to5are based on the following passage.The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the young woman with the white cane made her way cautiously up the steps.She paid the driver and then,using her hands to feel the location of the seats,settled into one. She placed her briefcase on her lap and rested her cane against her leg.It had been a year since Susan,thirty-four,became blind.As the result of a medical accident she was sightless,suddenly thrown into a world of darkness, anger,frustration and self-pity.All she could cling to was her husband Mark.Mark was an Air Force officer and he loved Susan with all his heart.When she first lost her sight,he watched her sink into despair and he became determined to use every means to help his wife.Finally,Susan felt ready to return to her job,but how would she get there? She used to take the bus,but she was now too frightened to get around the city by herself.Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening until she got the hang of(摸清情况)it.And that was exactly what happened.For two weeks,Mark,military uniform and all,accompanied Susan to and from work each day.He taught her how to rely on her other senses,specifically her hearing,to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. He helped her befriend the bus drivers who could watch out for her,and save her a seat.Each morning they made the journey together,and Mark would take a taxi back to his office.Although the routine of going back and forth was costly,Mark knew it was only a matter of time before Susan would be able to ride the bus on her own.Finally,Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip on her own.Monday morning arrived.Before she left,she embraced her husband tightly.Her eyes filled with tears of gratitude for his loyalty,his patience,and his love. She said good-bye and,for the first time,they went their separate ways. Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday...Each day on her own went perfectly, and a wild gaiety(快乐)took hold of Susan.She was doing it!She was going to work all by herself!.1.When Susan got on the bus,the passengers______.A.admired herB.stared curiously at herC.ignored herD.felt sorry for her2.Which of the following is true of Mark?A.He kept confidence in Susan.B.He felt confused with Susan.C.He depended more on Susan.D.He was tired of Susan.3.At the beginning of her sightless life,Susan was seized by anger,self-pity and______.A.irritationB.hesitationC.hopelessnessD.indifference4.Which of the following is true?A.Mark realized it would take a long time for Susan to recover her sight.B.Mark knew that Susan would get to work by herself sooner or later.C.Mark hated to leave poor Susan alone even for one minute.D.Mark loved the routine of accompanying Susan to work.5.The passage can be used as an example of______.A.honestyB.sympathyC.diligenceD.determinationPassage2Questions6to10are based on the following passage.Most people claim that we should judge others on the basis of how they act, not how they look.However,the reality is quite opposite.Appearance is especially important in the early stages of a relationship.The influence of physical attractiveness begins early in life.Infants as young as six months prefer images of attractive faces to less appealing ones. From age five on,overweight boys are viewed by peers as less attractive; tall,thin ones are judged as uncommunicative and nervous;and muscular and athletic youngsters are seen as outgoing,active,and popular.The same principle continues into adult life.Handsome men and beautiful women are seen as more sensitive,kind,interesting,strong,calm,modest,sociable, outgoing,and exciting than their less attractive counterparts.Adults are more likely to interact with strangers who they view as attractive.Senior citizens also rate good-looking people as more desirable than those who are less attractive.Although we might assume that attractive people are radically different from those who are less attractive,the truth is that we view the familiar as nglois and Roggman presented students with two types of photos: some were images of people from North European,Asian,and Latino backgrounds, while others were computer-generated images that combined the characteristics of several individuals.Surprisingly,the students consistently preferred the composite photos of both men and women.When the features of eight or more individuals were combined into one image,the students rated the picture as more attractive than the features of a single person or of a smaller combination of people.Thus,we seem to be drawn to people who represent the most attractive qualities of ourselves and those people aren't different from the rest of us.Even if your appearance isn't beautiful by social standards,consider these encouraging facts:first,ordinary-looking people with pleasing personalities are likely to be judged as being attractive;second,physical factors become less important as a relationship progress.As Hamachek puts it,“Attractive features may open doors,but apparently,it takes more than physical beauty to keep them open.”6.“The same principle”(Para.2)refers to the principle that______.A.children are more attractive than adultsB.attractive people are perceived as desirableC.the early stages of a relationship are importantD.the influence of appearance begins early in life7.The third paragraph emphasizes in part the importance of______.A.familiarityB.differenceC.individualityD.consistency8.According to the passage,the more composite features people have,______.A.the more unique they areB.the less ordinary they areC.the more attractive they areD.the less beautiful they are9.In his statement,Hamachek is giving emphasis to______.A.social standardsposite featuresC.good characterD.physical attraction10.The best title for the passage is______.A.Beauty and AgeB.Appearance and RelationshipC.Standards of Social BehaviorD.Features of Physical AttractivenessPassage3Questions11to15are based on the following passage.The public schools of the United States—elementary,secondary,and higher—have a history,and it is the social history of the United States: the decades before the Civil War,in which the elementary or“common schools”were reformed;the decades surrounding the turn of the twentieth century,in which the secondary schools“welcomed”the“children of the plain people”;and the post-World War II decades,which found the public colleges and universities flooded non-traditional students—those traditionally excluded from higher education by sex,race,and class.In each of these periods,the quantitative expansion of the student population was matched by a qualitative transformation of the enlarged institutions.The common schools of the mid-1800s were charged with reforming the moral character of the children of failed artisans(工匠)and farmers; the expanded high schools at the turn of the century with preparing their poor,working-class,and immigrant teenagers for future lives in city and factory;the“open-access”public institutions in the postwar period with moving their students off the unemployment lines and into lower-level white-collar positions.The common schools,the high schools,the colleges and universities—all in their own times—were expanded and transformed so that they might better maintain social order and increase material productivity.But no matter how enlarged or reformed,they could not do the jobs expected of them:they could not solve the economic,social,and human problems brought about by uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization within the context of the private property system.The schooling reforms succeeded only in shifting the discussion and action from the social and productive system to the people who were now held responsible for not fitting into it.11.American education in the post-World War II decades focused mostly on ______.A.early childhood educationB.elementary school educationC.secondary school educationD.college education12.The turn-of-the-century American education dealt partly with the problem of______.A.failed farmersB.unsuccessful artisansC.immigrant teenagersD.lower-level white-collar workers13.It is implied in the passage that women began to be educated in large numbers______.A.after the Civil WarB.at the turn of the20th centuryC.before World War IID.after World War II14.One of the purposes for public school reformation is______.A.to increase material productivityB.to impose the quality of educationC.to urbanize rural areas in the United StatesD.to promote industrialization in the United States15.The author believes that public schools______.A.changed American political systemB.could not solve American problemsC.led to social problems in the United StatesD.could not improve qualitatively in the United StatesPassage4Questions16to20are based on the following passage.Historical periods are dominated by distinct sets of ideas which form the general spirit of a period in history.Greek philosophy,Christianity, Renaissance thought,the Scientific Revolution,and the Enlightenment are examples of sets of ideas that dominated their historical periods.The changes from one period to the next are usually rather gradual.;other changes—more abrupt—are often referred to as revolutions.The mostfar-reaching of all these intellectual changes was the Darwinian revolution. The worldview formed by any thinking person in the Western world after1859, when On the Origin of Species was published,was by necessity quite different from a worldview formed before1859.It is almost impossible for a modern person to project back to the early half of the nineteenth century and reconstruct the thinking of this pre-Darwinian period,for the impact of Darwinism on our views has been so great.The intellectual revolution brought about by Darwin went far beyond the realm of biology,causing the overthrow of some of the most basic beliefs of his age.For example,Darwin rejected the belief in the individual creation of each species,establishing in its place the concept that all of life descended from a common ancestor.By extension,he introduced the idea that humans were not the special products of creation but evolved according to principles that operate everywhere else in the living world.Darwin upset current notions of a perfectly designed natural and gentle world and substituted in their place the concept of a struggle for survival.Victorian notions of progress and perfectibility were seriously weakened by Darwin's demonstration that evolution brings about change and adaptation,but it does not necessarily lead to progress,and it never leads to perfection.Darwin would be remembered as an outstanding scientist even if he had never written a word about evolution.Indeed,some people believe that Darwin’s most original contribution to biology was not the theory of evolution but his series of books on experimental botany published near the end of his life. This achievement is little known among non-biologists,and the same is true for his equally outstanding work on the adaptation of flowers and on animal psychology,as well as his imaginative work on earthworms.Darwin also attacked important problems with extraordinary originality,thereby becoming the founder of several now well-recognized separate disciplines. Darwin was the first person to work out a sound theory of classification, which is still used by most experts today.16.The author considers the change caused by Darwin’s On the Origin of Species______.A.gradualB.abruptC.religiousD.philosophical17.The influence of Darwinism has been so strong that it is difficult to ______.A.know how people looked at the world before1859B.imagine people’s worldview after1859C.disregard the implications of his theoryD.know what Victorian society was like18.Darwin believed that all species in the world______.A.were created individuallyB.sprang from the same originC.became increasingly betterD.shared the same pace of progress19.It can be concluded from the passage that Darwin was______.A.a modest scholarB.a born thinkerC.an original scientistD.a practical theorist20.The author intends to say in the last paragraph that______.A.Darwin did outstanding work apart from his theory of evolutionB.non-biologists know very little about Darwin's theory of evolutionC.scholars failed to recognize Darwin’s contributions for a long timeD.Darwin's most outstanding contribution is his theory of classificationII.SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages,and then decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points,1point each)Passage5Questions21to25are based on the following passage.Potatoes are a tuber-producing crop originally grown in the Americas.Over 200varieties of wild potatoes grow from what is now Colorado to what are now Chile and Argentina.The native peoples of the Andean region of South America were the first to domesticate potatoes and to cultivate them as a food crop.The earliest potato,found in an archaeological site in central Peru,has been dated back to about8000B.C..Scientists believe that American Indians began domesticating potatoes at the end of the Ice Age.Four thousand years later,native peoples livingin the Andean highlands had begun to rely on potatoes as a major part of their diet.By about2000B.C..Indians in the coastal region of what is now Peru were also cultivating this crop extensively.During the reign of the Inca,who established their empire in what is now Peru in about A.D.1000,American Indian farmers were growing not only white potatoes but red,yellow,black,blue,green,and brown ones as well.They were deliberately developing potatoes of varying sizes and shapes that would do well under a number of growing conditions.Because potatoes were easilygrown,flourish in a number of climates,and high in vitamin C,they were an efficient way of meeting dietary needs.In1531,when Spanish conqueror Francisco Pizarro landed in what is now Peru, the native Andean peoples had developed about3,000types of potatoes and had also invented a method to freeze-dry them for storage.The Inca,who called potatoes papas,ate boiled potatoes as a vegetable and also made a kind of unleavened potato bread made from flour that had been ground from freeze-dried potatoes.They also added this potato flour to soups and stews and made porridge from it.Pedro de Cieza,who traveled with Francisco Pizarro's expedition,compared potatoes to chestnuts.Because the tubers grew underground and were small, the Spaniards believed potatoes were truffles(块菌)and began calling them tartuffo.When English explorer Sir Francis Drake crossed the Strait of Magellan,he ate potatoes on the coast of what is now Chile that same year. Yet,historians are uncertain exactly whether the Spaniards or the English brought potatoes to Europe.21.The earliest potato was found in______.A.PeruB.ChileC.ArgentinaD.Colorado22.Potatoes became the major source of food for American Indians about ______.A.8000B.C. B.4000B.C.C.2000B.C.D.A.D.100023.American Indians developed potatoes of different sizes and shapes to ______.A.meet different dietary needsB.get potatoes of different colorsC.suit various growing conditionsD.store them in convenient places24.American Indians freeze-dried potatoes so that they could be______.A.stewedB.groundC.storedD.boiled25.Which of the following is true?A.Historians believe that the English brought potatoes to Europe.B.Sir Francis Drake ate potatoes in what is now Peru.C.Francisco Pizarro compared potatoes to chestnuts.D.The Spaniards thought that potatoes were truffles.Passage6Questions26to30are based on the following passage.The blogging craze of a couple of years ago,when it was estimated that ten new blogs were started somewhere in the world every minute,now seems to have died down a bit.Yet thousands of blogs—probably the better ones—remain. Blogs are now no longer seen as the exclusive possession of geeks,and are now seen as important and influential sources of news and opinions.So many people read blogs now that it has even been suggested that some blogs may have been powerful enough to influence the result of the recent U.S.election.Blogs are very easy to set up.All you need is a computer,an internet connection and the desire to write something.A blog differs from a traditional internet site in two ways.First,a blog is one page consisting mostly of texts,though a few pictures are sometimes provided.Second,and more importantly,a blog is a space for people to respond to what you write. The best blogs are similar to online discussions,where people write in response to what the blogger has written.Blogs are regularly updated—busy blogs are updated every day,or even every few hours.Not all blogs are about politics,however.There are blogs about music,films, sports,books—any subject you can imagine has its enthusiasts typing away and giving their opinions to fellow enthusiasts or anyone else who cares to read their opinions.But how influential,or important,is the blogosphere really?One problem with blogs is that many people who read and write them seem only to communicate with each other.When people talk about the influence of the blogosphere, they do not take into account the millions of people around the world who are not bloggers,never read blogs,and don't even have access to a computer, let alone a good internet connection.Sometimes,it seems that the blogosphere exists only to influence itself, or that its influence is limited to what is actually quite a small community. Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy—in which anyone can say anything they like,and have their opinions heard—but who is actually listening to these opinions?Little hard evidence shows that blogs have influenced people in the way that traditional mass media such as television and newspapers are able to do.26.Now the blogging craze______.A.is emergingB.has become less intenseC.keeps risingD.remains the same as before27.Blogs differ from traditional internet sites in that______.A.texts are mostly shortB.they present picturesC.they are daily updatedD.readers can make comments28.One problem with blogs is that bloggers fail to consider______.A.non-bloggersB.virtual democracyC.U.S.politiciansD.internet connection29.In the author's opinion,the influence of the blogosphere is______.A.importantB.powerfulC.positiveD.limited30.According to the author,it is not difficult to______.A.set up blogsB.make blogs involve everyoneC.show the importance of blogosphereD.make blogs surpass traditional mass media非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。