宾语从句专题复习

宾语从句专题复习

【复习内容】宾语从句考点归纳

【复习目标】

1．掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词

2．掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语

3．掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

【重点】语序和时态呼应

【难点】语序和时态呼应

【考点梳理】

一、概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。

宾语从句的三要点：1、引导词2、从句语序3、从句的时态二、宾语从句的连接词

1．连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. I am afraid（that）you are right. 2．连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don't know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

引导宾语从句时只用whether不用if的五种情况.

（1）后面紧跟or not时。如：I want to know whether or not it is big enough. She asked whether Tom was at home or not.

（2）whether引导的从句居句首时。如：

Whether my father agrees me or not, I must do that.

（3）从句位于介词后作介词宾语时。如：

I don`t care about whether he is friendly to me. （4）放在不定式前，与不定式组成词组时。如：

The question is whether to go or stay.

（5）当主句的谓语动词是discuss等时。如：

They are discussing whethere they should sell the old house.

3．连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg.

1. He asked ______________________________. (谁能回答这个问题）

2. Do you know__________________________. （他们在等谁）

3. He asked ____________________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）

4. Please tell me ____________________________. （我们什么时候开会）

5. Can you tell me ______________. （他在哪儿）

6. Could you tell me ____________________________. （我该怎么去站）

7. Would you tell me ____________________.（为什么火车迟到了）

三、宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see?（╳）

Can you tell me who（m）we have to see?（√）

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.（思考: what在从句中的成分）

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”→She said she would leave a message on the desk.

四、宾语从句的时态呼应

宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼

应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

eg. I thought （that）you are free today. （╳）

I thought （that）you would be free today. （√）

【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。

eg. The teacher told us （that）the earth moves around the sun.

五．其他需要说明的问题

1．标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。

eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?

2．宾语从句的否定形式

3、宾语从句的特殊情形

①句式的转变

②代词的变化（要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。）

③does/did的变化

【课堂同步检测】

1．(07泉州中考第40题)

—Could you please tell me ___ to do in your spare time?

A.what do you like

B.what you like

C.how would you like

2．（07年市质检第39题）

—Could you tell me ___ ?

—He lives in London Street．

A．Where Tony lives B．Where does Tony live C．Where did Tony live

3．(08年市质检第40题）

—I wonder _____for this school trip next Sunday.Can you tell me?

A．where shall we go B．where we shall go C．when we shall go 4．(08市模拟卷二第40题）

—What did Maria ask just now？

—She wondered ___ ．

A．where Tony lived B．where Tony lives C．where doesTony live 5．(08市模拟卷三第39题）

—Mr.White ,what did my mom talk with you just now?

—Oh,she wondered ___ ．

A. if you study hard at school

B. how you study at school

C. What did you study at school 6．(08市模拟卷四第39题）—Pardon?

—I wonder___this morning.

A. how do you come here

B. how did you come here

C. how you came here 7. (08市模拟卷五第31题）

Could you tell me _____? A．when does the train arrive

B．when the train arrives

C．when arrives the train

8．—We never know _____ the old man is．

—They say he is a teacher．

A．what B．who C．which9.( ) Could you tell