主谓一致 语法讲解

主谓一致

语法形式上要一致，即主语单复数形式与谓语要一致。

意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

代词的指代一致原则，代词的指代一致是指句中的代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致。

例如：Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。

2)

谓语动词用复数形式。

例如：There is much water in the bottle. 瓶子里有好多水。

去年生产了一万吨煤。

例如：Helping others is her great happiness. 帮助其他人是她的最大幸福。

例如：When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown. 我们何时何地举行会议还不知道。

How to work out the problem is very easy. 解决这个问题非常简单。Whether they'll

例如：They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2) 如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors, pants, jeans, gloves 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

例如：My glasses are on the desk. 我的眼睛在书桌上。

【注意】如果这类名词前用了a pair of等表示数量的名词，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于表示数量的名词的单复数形式。

例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes. 这里有几双新鞋。My new pair of socks is on the bed.

3)

例如：What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。

【注意】并列主语如果只有一个冠词，那么指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。

常用的固定组合有：

例如：The poet and writer has come. 那个诗人兼作家来了。(同一个人)

The poet and the writer have come. 诗人和作家来了。(两个人)

Bread and butter is his usual breakfast. 他经常以黄油面包当早餐。(同一个事物)

Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop. 商店里的面包和黄油都卖光了。(两个事物)

【注意】用and连接的单数主语，前面有each, every, no, many a, more than a 等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如：Every boy and girl is treated in the same way. 每个男孩和女孩都是以同样的方式对待的。

Many a boy and many a girl has seen it. 很多男孩和女孩都见过这个。

In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们的国家，每个男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。

No boy and no girl likes it. 男孩和女孩都不喜欢它。

【注意】复数主语与each连用时，应不受each的影响，谓语动词仍用复数形式。例如：The old workers and the young each have their own tools. 青老年工人都各自有自己的工具。

4)谓

语动词要用复数形式。

例如：There are only a few people who can live to 100. 只有少数人能活到100岁。

Both of them are in my class. 他们两个都在我的班里

三、根据主语中名词的单复数而定

例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the museum. 教师和一些学生在参观博物馆。

Tom as well as I wants to go boating. Tom和我想去划船。

The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to high school students. 阅读教材加上参考书对高中生是非常有益的。

The woman together with her daughter and son sits on the sofa watching TV. 那个女人和她的儿女坐在沙发上看电视。

例如：The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的损坏都容易修理。

The majority of the students like music. 大部分学生喜欢音乐。

例如：Most of his money is spent on computer games. 他大部分的钱化在电脑游戏上了。

Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。

There is plenty of water in the bottle. 瓶里还有好多水。

There are plenty of balls in the box. 箱子里有好多球。

There is a large quantity of milk. 有很多牛奶。