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初二议论文试题及答案

初二议论文试题及答案

初二议论文试题及答案
一、阅读下面的议论文,完成1-5题。

在当代社会,科技的发展日新月异,它不仅改变了我们的生活方式,也深刻影响了我们的思维模式。

然而,科技的迅猛发展也带来了一系列问题,比如信息过载、隐私泄露等。

因此,我们需要在享受科技带来的便利的同时,也要警惕其可能带来的负面影响。

1. 文章的中心论点是什么?
A. 科技改变了我们的生活方式。

B. 科技的发展带来了问题。

C. 科技的迅猛发展需要我们警惕。

D. 我们需要在享受科技便利的同时,警惕其负面影响。

2. 作者认为科技带来的主要问题是什么?
A. 信息过载
B. 隐私泄露
C. 信息过载和隐私泄露
D. 信息过载或隐私泄露
3. 文章中提到的“享受科技带来的便利”具体指什么?
A. 科技改变了我们的生活方式。

B. 科技的发展日新月异。

C. 科技的迅猛发展。

D. 科技深刻影响了我们的思维模式。

4. 根据文章内容,下列哪项不是科技带来的负面影响?
A. 信息过载
B. 隐私泄露
C. 思维模式的单一化
D. 社会关系的冷漠化
5. 文章的写作目的是什么?
A. 呼吁人们关注科技的负面影响。

B. 强调科技的积极作用。

C. 讨论科技与生活方式的关系。

D. 分析科技对思维模式的影响。

答案:
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. A。

中考议论文阅读试题及答案精选全文完整版

中考议论文阅读试题及答案精选全文完整版

可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考议论文阅读试题及答案换个角度看问题⑴一家儿童玩具店购进许多新奇玩具,把它们很讲究地摆放在柜台里。

出乎意料的是,儿童们来到商店却全然不顾,选择去附近其他玩具店买。

后来老板发现了问题:原来,大人容易看到的地方,对于小孩子来说,却是一个死角。

于是,店老板一面用膝盖在地板上行走、观测,一面按照小孩子的视线高度,把玩具重新摆放一遍。

而后,这家儿童玩具店的生意便空前兴隆起来。

⑵由此可见,观察事物的角度,确实是一个十分重要的课题。

同是这座庐山,“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”(苏轼诗);一部《红楼梦》,“单是命意,就因读者的眼光而有种种:经学家看见《易》,道学家看见淫,才子看见缠绵,革命家看见排满,流言家看见宫闱秘事……”(鲁迅语)。

⑶只有从多角度、多侧面进行多向思考,才有可能获得全面、正确的认识。

可是,在日常实践中,我们却经常看到,有些同志坚持甲思维,考虑问题往往局限在一个点、一条线、一个面上,一条道跑到黑,钻牛角尖,闯死胡同,而不愿多想几种可能性,多开辟几条解决问题的途径。

比如,以前发生过的为了发展粮食生产而毁林开荒、拦海造田的失误,就同这种直线式思维有关系。

有些同志坚持乙思维,头脑僵化,习惯于用过去的教条解释现实,在已知的旧路上徘徊。

比如,一谈到防治害虫,人们便习惯地想到种类繁多、浓度不断加大的化学农药。

实际上,如果换个角度考虑问题,就会发现治虫是可以不用农药的。

有些植物本身具有毒杀作用,而且为某些害虫所爱吃;有些植物的根、茎、叶、花含有发挥油、生物碱等化学物质,害虫对它们避而远之。

如果我们在农作物区选择适当的农业生态体系,利用某些植物的毒杀、忌避作用,不施农药,同样可以防治害虫。

⑷作战有正攻、反攻和绕到敌人后面或侧面进攻的迂回战术;思维科学中也有反向思考、侧面思考、多向思考等形式。

在中国古代,孙膑以减灶擒庞涓,而虞诩却以增灶破羌兵,因时因地制宜,变换战略战术,这是克敌制胜之道。

8篇议论文阅读(含答案)

8篇议论文阅读(含答案)

初三议论文阅读专项练习一、(昌平)阅读《精彩》,完成18—20题。

(共8分)精彩①精彩,是我特别喜欢、但又十分吝惜地使用的一个词。

因为在我看来,精彩是人生的最高境界,是不会轻易达到的。

②什么是精彩?精彩,就是优美、出色。

明星奉献给观众的精彩节目,歌声绕梁三日,表演出神入化;运动员奉献大家的精彩比赛,龙争虎斗,惊心动魄;老师的精彩一课,深入浅出,引人入胜;作家的精彩文章,字字珠玑,洛阳纸贵;科学家的精彩科研成果,厨师的精彩烹调技巧,官员的精彩领导艺术等等,不一而足。

倘若再具体一点说,精彩,就是陈胜“王侯将相宁有种乎”的宣言;精彩,就是马丁·路德·金《我有一个梦》的演讲;精彩,就是刘翔在奥运会上率先撞线的那一瞬;精彩,就是飞人乔丹投篮时那美丽的弧线……③精彩的反义词是平庸。

一个得过且过、没有创意的商人,一个当一天和尚撞一天钟的工人,一个无心向学、“60分万岁”的学生,一个满足于跑龙套当配角糊弄观众的演员,一个只会模仿别人、重复自己的作家,一个不求有功但求无过的官员,一个墨守成规,不敢越雷池半步的科研人员,虽然也能混得不错,也可养家糊口,但永远与精彩无缘。

④精彩最需付出。

演员就在台上精彩那么一阵子,不知需要多少年的勤学苦练,即所谓“台上一分钟,台下十年功”;运动员在赛场上那精彩的一跳、一跑、一掷,背后则是无数次的挥汗如雨,苦练不辍。

曹雪芹为了《红楼梦》的精彩,不仅是“披阅十载,增删五次”,也不仅是“满径蓬蒿老不华,举家食粥酒常赊”,最后,竟然“书未成,芹为泪尽而逝”。

这就好比传说中的荆棘鸟,它一生只唱一次,但那歌声如同天籁,比世上所有一切生灵的歌声都更加优美动听,使云雀和夜莺都黯然失色。

但为了这一次的短暂精彩,它不仅付出了一生的努力和心血,而且,它将曲终而命竭。

⑤精彩当趁年少。

虽说只要你想精彩,什么时候都不晚,【甲】:青年人的精彩,大红大紫,锋芒毕露,像赤壁之畔的周郎,“谈笑间,樯橹灰飞烟灭”;如滕王阁前的王勃,技压群雄,文盖四座,“落笔惊风雨,诗成泣鬼神”。

专题09议论文阅读(检测小卷)-2022年中考语文二轮复习

专题09议论文阅读(检测小卷)-2022年中考语文二轮复习

专题09:议论文阅读(检测小卷)(满分70分)(一)【2021西藏真题】(本题11分)阅读下面的文字,然后完成下面小题。

一心装满国,一手撑起家①天下之本在国,国之本在家。

在家尽孝、为国尽忠是中华民族的优良传统。

“欲治其国者,先齐其家”的价值追求,“苟利国家生死以,岂因祸福避趋之”的担当精神,体现的都是个人命运与国家命运的同频共振。

正是这种家国休戚与共的使命感、责任心,支撑中华民族生生不息,助力中华文脉薪火相传。

②家是国的基础,国是家的倚靠,家与国从来都不会割裂的,而是相互联系、彼此支撑。

③爱国先爱家。

古代选拔官员,注重的是“求忠臣必于孝子之门”。

正所谓,“家风正则后代正,则源头正,则国正”。

在家尽孝、家道和顺,当一个人“私德”无瑕疵,才经得起考验和诱惑,担得起大任和重托。

④爱国更爱家,没有国,家又如何圆满?“家就是岛,岛就是国,我会一直守到守不动为止。

”王继才和妻子王仕花守卫开山岛32年,“民的本分,兵的责任”充分诠释出许党报国的心中大爱。

从孝亲敬老、兴家乐业走向爱国爱民、匡扶天下,把爱家和爱国统一起来,心往一处想,劲往一处使,才能让小家更加幸福,让社会更加和谐,让国家更加昌盛。

⑤家庭建设满怀“国富民强”之心,国家建设托举“家国天下”之志,家国情怀所通达的,正是万家灯火、国泰民安。

浓烈的家庭亲情贯穿于炽热的国之大爱,激发出勇于担当、乐于奉献、勤于实干、善于作为的不竭动力,这样的家风令人赞赏。

今日之中国,各族人民铸牢中华民族共同体意识,乡村振兴号角嘹亮,全面小康越来越近,改革开放气势如虹,高质量发展阔步前行,圆梦的舞台无比广阔,呼唤每个人、每个家庭奋发进取、勇做新时代追梦人。

⑥“都说国很大,其实一个家,一心装满国,一手撑起家。

家是最小国,国是千万家。

”家国情怀是中华文化印刻在每个人身上的特有情愫,也是我们骨子里永不改变的血脉基因。

1.(2分)用一句话概括文章的中心论点。

2.(3分)请分析文章画线句子的论证方法及作用。

议论文试题及答案初三

议论文试题及答案初三

议论文试题及答案初三
一、阅读下面的议论文,完成1-5题。

材料一:近年来,随着互联网的普及和信息技术的发展,线上教育逐渐成为教育领域的一大趋势。

线上教育以其便捷性、灵活性和个性化等优势,为学生提供了更加多样化的学习方式。

材料二:然而,线上教育也面临着诸多挑战。

例如,学生在缺乏面对面互动的情况下,可能会感到孤独和缺乏动力;教师难以实时监控学生的学习进度和效果,教学效果可能受到影响。

1. 根据材料一,线上教育的优势有哪些?
A. 便捷性
B. 灵活性
C. 个性化
D. 以上都是
2. 材料二中提到线上教育面临的挑战有哪些?
A. 学生感到孤独和缺乏动力
B. 教师难以实时监控学习进度和效果
C. 教学效果可能受到影响
D. 以上都是
3. 线上教育的便捷性主要体现在哪些方面?
A. 学习时间的自由选择
B. 学习地点的不受限制
C. 学习资源的丰富多样
D. 以上都是
4. 为什么说线上教育具有个性化的特点?
A. 学生可以根据自己的兴趣和需求选择课程
B. 教师可以根据学生的学习情况调整教学内容和进度
C. 学习平台可以提供个性化的学习建议和资源
D. 以上都是
5. 针对材料二中提到的挑战,你认为可以采取哪些措施来改善线上教育的效果?
A. 增加线上互动和讨论的机会
B. 利用技术手段进行学习进度的实时监控
C. 定期组织线上或线下的学习评估和反馈
D. 以上都是
答案:
1. D
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. D。

语文议论文阅读专题训练练习题含答案及解析

语文议论文阅读专题训练练习题含答案及解析

语文议论文阅读专题训练练习题含答案及解析一、中考语文议论文阅读专题训练1.阅读下面文章,完成小题。

也说颜值①过去,我们夸奖一个人长相英俊、风度潇洒,喜欢用“一表人才”。

现在,网友们又发明了一个热词:颜值。

在价值多元化的今天,我们应该如何正确看待“颜值”呢?②在中国传统文化中,相貌从未被大家忘记,“貌比潘安”的赞誉流传至今。

但潘安被称赞并不单单因为他的相貌,他的德行、他的才华、他对妻子的专情才是他被后人记住的关键所在。

所以,颜值高固然是优势,但仅有高颜值是远远不够的。

③颜值高,让人易于在社会生活中占得先机。

在人类的进化史中,真的难以彻底剔除人性中的“爱美”基因。

放眼当今世界,相貌甚至被当成了一种商品或一个消费符号。

在职场、社交场以及婚恋场上,颜值高的人都比颜值低的人更加如鱼得水;而那些颜值不高的人,却不太容易在第一时间得到别人的垂青。

于是,很多人吐槽说:对这个看脸的世界失望了!④如果仔细研究人类发展史,颜值不高的人,对这个世界大可不必失望。

就长远发展来说,一个人更重要的是拥有德行和才华。

⑤貌因德而美。

外表是皮囊,德行才是核心,若非如此,再好的相貌也没有价值。

汪精卫长相英俊,气度不凡,可谓“颜值高”,但这样一位相貌出众的热血青年后来却做了汉奸,至今仍遭到中国人的唾弃。

德不配颜,徒有“颜值”之虚名,其“高颜值”反倒成了一个笑话。

⑥才补颜不足。

颜值低是一种“先天不足”,才华却是弥补这种“不足”的营养剂。

英国人戈登在他的著述中对晚清大臣曾国藩有如此描述:个子中等,身材肥胖,脸上皱纹密布,脸色阴沉,目光迟钝;穿着陈旧,衣服打皱,上面还有斑斑的油迹。

可以看出,曾国藩的外貌并不“漂亮”,可谓“颜值不高”,但他却在大风大浪中凭借过人才华,成就一番事业,名留青史,令人敬仰。

⑦古语云“腹有诗书气自华”,现在也有流行语“欣赏一个人,始于颜值,敬于才华,终于人品”。

无论是一个人如何风华绝代,最后沉淀下来值得祢道的只有两样——德行和才华,然后才可能说,这个人还有“颜值”。

中考语文试卷 议论文阅读(含答案)

中考语文试卷  议论文阅读(含答案)

中考议论文汇编阅读下文,完成18~20题。

(9分)唐僧,为啥不飞过去姜仲华①小时候看《西游记》,心里总有个问题:唐僧取经那么难,其实有好办法呀,孙悟空会驾云,只要背起他,十万八千里,一飞不就到了吗?近日偶读《孟子》,看到有句话:源泉混混,不舍昼夜,盈科而后进,放乎四海。

②“科”是俗语的“窠”,就是坑、洼。

孟子的意思是,流水遇到坑、洼,要充满之后才继续向前流;不把坑、洼填满,就不向前流。

联想起《西游记》中唐僧师徒的经历,忽然若有所悟:唐僧师徒不飞,原来如此啊!③我豁然明白,唐僧师徒的取经路,像流水一样,遇到的每一个坑洼都填满了,再向前走一步。

这是极其注重细节的人生。

这每一个坑坑洼洼,都有上天的美意;这些坑坑洼洼,是熬人的苦杯,其实,也正是盛满祝福和营养的福杯啊!如果用巧法省下走哪个坑洼,坑洼里含着的福分和养分,就得不到了。

师徒四人一个一个地战胜八十一难,一步一步地走过十万八千里,他们的心如钢铁,在反复灼烧、锤打,抵达西天时,已经不是取经最初的凡铁了,他们脱俗成圣了。

④盈科而后进,是一种厚实、沉着的坚守和忍耐;成就的,是不寻常的质地和品格。

据说,如今的白酒调酒师,能用酒精、香精、味素,快速调出美味的酒。

但是真正的好酒,必须在地下默默无闻地埋藏、发酵多年。

⑤韩国围棋大师曹薰铉写了一篇围棋讲座稿,开头有段话,提醒学棋的人:“我以为,与其一心想着要赢棋,倒不如专心下好每一盘棋的每一步,以留内容充实的棋谱。

人生的每一瞬间都有正道,围棋的每一手也都有其正确的方向。

每一步都尽善尽美的人生是美丽的,围棋也是如此。

”曹薰铉“专心下好一盘棋中的每一步”,不正是唐僧师徒扎实无比的取经之路吗?⑥童年读《西游记》,读到的是巧;人近中年,读出的是拙。

我为童年的小聪明而惭愧,也明白了,真正称得上美好的事业、真正品质恒久的果子,都来自流水一样的“盈科而后进”的精神啊。

(选自2015年第1辑《时文选粹》)18.第⑤段论证的观点是什么?(2分)19.第③段运用了什么论证方法?试举一例分析其作用。

议论文阅读过关检测卷(一)—贵州省遵义市中考语文总复习

议论文阅读过关检测卷(一)—贵州省遵义市中考语文总复习

议论文阅读过关检测卷(一)—贵州省遵义市中考语文总复习(满分:36分得分:________)1.阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

(12分)谈美感教育①世间事物有真、善、美三种不同的价值,人类心理有知、情、意三种不同的活动。

这三种心理活动恰和三种事物相应。

真关于知,善关于意,美关于情。

人能知,就有好奇心,就要求知,辨别真伪,寻求真理。

人能发意志,就要趋善避恶,造就人生幸福。

人能动情感,就爱美、喜欢创造艺术,欣赏人生自然中的美妙境界。

真善美具备,人生才完美。

人好比一棵花草,根茎枝叶花实都得到和谐发展,才繁茂有生气。

②教育的功用就在顺应人类求真、向善、爱美的天性,使人在这三方面得到调和的发展,以达到完美的生活。

于是有智育、德育、美育。

智育叫人研究学问,求知识,寻真理;德育叫人培养良善品格,学做人处世的方法和道理;美育叫人创造艺术,欣赏艺术与自然,在人生世相中寻出丰富的兴趣。

只顾求知而不顾其他的人是书虫,只讲道德而不顾其他的人是迂腐的清教徒,只顾爱美而不顾其他的人是颓废的享受主义者。

这三种人都非全人而是精神方面的跛子。

③美感教育是一种情感教育。

它的重要我们的古代儒家是知道的,儒家教育重诗重礼乐。

诗、礼、乐可以说都属于美感教育。

诗与乐相关,目的在怡情养性,养成内心的和谐;礼重仪节,目的在使行为仪表规范,养成生活上的秩序。

内具和谐而外具秩序的生活,从伦理观点看,是最善的;从美感观点看,也是最美的。

这就高于柏拉图和托尔斯泰诸人,因为他们误认为美育妨碍德育,儒家则认定美育为德育的必由之径。

道德并非陈腐条文的遵守,而是至性真情的流露。

善与美不但不相冲突,到最高境界其实是一回事。

④我们通常把自己囿在习惯所画成的狭小圈套里,让它把眼界“蔽”着,使我们对它以外的世界都视而不见,听而不闻。

诗人和艺术家之所以超过我们一般人,是因为他们情感比较真挚,感觉比较锐敏,观察比较深刻,想象比较丰富。

我们“见”不着的他们“见”得着,并且他们“见”得到就说得出。

最新语文议论文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)

最新语文议论文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)

最新语文议论文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)一、中考语文议论文阅读专题训练1.阅读下文,完成下列小题。

做一股“清流”①时下,清流成了一个流行语,成为人们的一种向往。

比如不久前,电视上《朗读者》《中国诗词大会》受到大家热捧,“清流综艺”和“清流文化”成了观众追求的时尚。

②文化如此,人生亦然。

过清流般的生活,不失为人们的一种理想选择。

然而,一些人的生活却过得混浊而灰暗。

有的习惯于搞“假大空”那一套,特别会装;有的热衷于走“虚浮夸”的路子,处处浮在表面,时时想走捷径;有的满足于过“庸散”的日子,表现出懈怠、疲沓的样子;有的甚至迷恋于“邪恶丑”的法则等等。

③清流生活,既是一种人生态度,也是一种人生价值。

清代学者顾炎武说:“读书通大义,立志冠清流。

”革命先驱李大钊赞叹:“社会上有一二清流学者,很得大众的信仰。

”古往今来,做一股“清流”是不少人的价值追求,活出“清流”范儿的人也备受世人尊崇。

从洁身自好、“出淤泥而不染”的周敦颐,到淡泊名利、留下“不要人夸颜色好,只留清气满乾坤”的王冕;从铁骨铮铮持正义、横刀立马的彭德怀,到毕生追求真理、“浑身是刺”的张爱萍等等。

这一股股清流,以清澈、洁净,汇入历史的大江大河,展示出绚丽夺目的画卷。

④清流生活,还是一种超然脱俗的气质。

活出清流样子,就是活出一股清新之气,就是活出真实的自我,就是活出做人的骨气。

说到底,清流样子就是真善美的样子,就是做人清清爽爽、做事明明白白、做官干干净净的样子。

⑤欲成清流之人,得正本清源。

古人云:“源洁流清。

”一个人的身份、岗位、职务和财富可以变,但做人的本色不变、本真不丢、本来不忘。

多问问初心是什么、初衷在哪里;多看看当初的模样是什么,如今变得怎么样,偏了则纠,歪了则正。

源头清,人生这潭“池水”自然也就清激了。

⑥欲成清流之人,得胸怀大志。

有大目标和大志向的人,总是不会被路边的碎石绊倒。

胸有鸿鹄之志,便有过清流生活、活出清流样子的勇气和毅力;有远大志向在鼓舞,生命就会翩翩起舞。

专题08议论文阅读(专题过关)-(部编版)(原卷版+解析)

专题08议论文阅读(专题过关)-(部编版)(原卷版+解析)

九年级语文期末复习议论文阅读理解学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________(16分 ) (2023九上·江都月考)实用文本阅读让人,乃众妙之门①沈从文先生的墓碑后面有这样的碑文:“不折不从,星斗其文,亦慈亦让,赤子其人。

”每句最后一字巧妙地组成了“从文让人”。

让人,可以说是沈从文性格的一个重要方面。

让人,让他得享八十有六的高寿,让他由作家转为学者,成就大事业,享誉中外。

可见,让人,是人生得以发展的重要途径。

②让人,并不是懦弱,而是一种涵养,一种胆识。

“让人非我弱,弱者不让人。

”历史上成就大事业的人,哪个不具备这样的品格?“将相和”的故事流传甚广。

蔺相如不想和廉颇争地位,路上遇到廉老将军就一而再、再而三地避让。

这种豁达大度,不正体现了蔺相如以国家利益为重的崇高品德吗?因他的这种美德,才有后来廉颇老将军的“负荆请罪”,从而留下了一段千古佳话。

③让人,可以使人与人之间的关系更加和谐。

海纳百川,有容乃大。

有容人之量,有让人之心,才有和睦,才有和谐。

当今著名词作家乔羽,偕夫人佟琦做客央视《夫妻剧场》,主持人问:“二老相濡以沫,白头偕老,有什么秘诀吗?”乔老答:“一个字,忍。

”夫人佟琦抢答:“我是四个字,一忍再忍。

”诙谐中尽显相处之道。

④让人,对事业的发展也有极大的帮助。

人在事业上很难一帆风顺,有时甚至会陷入绝境。

如果宁折不弯,不退不让,事业很可能会就此终结。

而让人,则会让你的人生之树在即将枯萎的时候焕发新的生机。

沈从文先生由于众所周知的原因,不能再继续写他钟爱的小说散文,几乎被世人遗忘。

但他以大度的襟怀,超人的毅力,忍了,让了,既不悲观,也未消沉,而是将自己的智慧和才华,用到了中国古代服饰研究上。

不哀不伤,潜心学术,写出皇皇巨著《中国服饰史》,又一次为世人刮目相看。

⑤可是真正做到让人并不容易。

首先,你要摆正自己的位置。

上至王侯将相,下至贩夫走卒,都要认识到自己是芸芸众生中的一员。

2024 年下半年语文八年级议论文阅读试卷

2024 年下半年语文八年级议论文阅读试卷

2024 年下半年语文八年级议论文阅读试卷试题部分一、选择题:1. 下列词语中,不属于议论文常用论证方法的是:A. 比喻论证B. 举例论证C. 数据论证D. 情感论证2. 下列句子中,表达观点鲜明、论据充分的是:A. 这个问题很复杂,需要我们深入探讨。

B. 我认为这个问题很简单,不需要过多讨论。

C. 我认为这个问题很重要,需要我们认真思考。

D. 这个问题没有明确的答案,我们无法讨论。

3. 下列选项中,不属于议论文基本结构的是:A. 引言B. 主体C. 结论D. 注释4. 下列句子中,修辞手法运用错误的是:A. 这篇文章如同一把钥匙,打开了我们心中的疑惑。

B. 他的观点犹如一盏明灯,照亮了我们前进的道路。

C. 他的观点犹如一把利剑,刺破了我们心中的迷茫。

D. 他的观点犹如一座灯塔,指引了我们前进的方向。

5. 下列选项中,不属于议论文写作技巧的是:A. 紧扣主题B. 论据充分C. 结构清晰D. 语言优美6. 下列句子中,表达观点含糊不清的是:A. 我认为这个问题很重要。

B. 我认为这个问题需要我们关注。

C. 我认为这个问题值得我们思考。

D. 我认为这个问题很复杂。

7. 下列选项中,不属于议论文语言特点的是:A. 严谨B. 简洁C. 情感丰富D. 生动形象8. 下列句子中,表达观点过于绝对的是:A. 这个问题只有一个正确的答案。

B. 这个问题非常重要。

C. 这个问题需要我们共同努力。

D. 这个问题需要我们认真思考。

9. 下列选项中,不属于议论文写作要求的是:A. 紧扣主题B. 论据充分C. 结构清晰D. 语言幽默10. 下列句子中,表达观点明确、论据充分的是:A. 我认为这个问题很重要,需要我们关注。

B. 这个问题很复杂,我们需要深入探讨。

C. 这个问题需要我们共同努力,才能解决。

D. 这个问题需要我们认真思考,找到正确的答案。

二、判断题:1. 议论文的论证方法只有举例论证和比喻论证两种。

()2. 议论文的基本结构包括引言、主体和结论。

议论文阅读训练题及答案

议论文阅读训练题及答案

(一)我们都是成功者①说到成功,人们有一个错误观念:成功只等于成名。

有人认为,只有扭转乾坤的壮举,才算是成功的举动;有人认为,只有领袖、名人,称得上“家”的人,才算是成功者;有人则干脆断言,世界上没有一个成功者,因为人生最终的结局是悲剧——后人肯定超越前人。

这实在是一种可怕的自卑。

②其实,我们都是成功者,因为成功只是一种感受,一种自我意识的主观感受。

如果我们把自己的每一点进步,哪怕只是微小的进步,都看作是一次成功,都认认真真地品味一番,那么,幸福和快乐就会长伴于我们身边,我们的人生也就会变得格外地丰富和生动。

不是吗?作为一名学生,他考试及格了,成绩提高了,这是成功,应当感到高兴;作为一个农民,他播下的种子发芽了,庄稼收割了,这也是成功,也应当感到高兴。

在更多的时候,成功无须人认可,更不需要别人来裁判;我们也不要把成功的刻度画得太高,不要把成功看得过于神圣。

③然而人的一生,不可能永远一帆风顺,不可避免地要遭受这样那样的挫折和失败。

每经过一次失败,对事物的认识就深入一步,对人生的感受就加深了许多,自己的意志就增强了不少,这种种经历和感受,不是另一种意义上的成功吗?否则,我们就会对人生失去一份应有的信心,面对困难,我们就会望而却步。

④大胆而自豪地承认成功吧。

认人真真地品味自己的每一次成功,从品味中汲取动力,开启智慧,从而获得更大的成功,这也许就是人生的意义所在。

1、第①自然段中“这实在是一种可怕的自卑”中“可怕的自卑”指的是什么?(1分)2、第②自然段中“幸福和快乐就会长伴于我们身边,我们的人生也就会变得格外地丰富和生动”的原因是:(1分)3、第③自然段中“这种经历和感受”句中的“经历”与“感受”两词的次序能否互换?其理由是什么?(2分)答:4、简要概括本文论点(不超过10个字)(2分)5、作者是从两个方面围绕论点展开论述的,这两方面是什么内容?(2分)(1)(2)6、结合自身实践,谈谈你是如何看待成功的?(2分)答:(二)储蓄人生①人们在吃饱穿暖之后,便想到了储蓄,以便在需要的时候支取它。

九年级中考语文《议论文阅读》试题汇编(附答案与解析)

九年级中考语文《议论文阅读》试题汇编(附答案与解析)

九年级中考语文《议论文阅读》试题汇编(附答案与解析)一、论真性情1我的人生观若要用一句话概括,就是真性情。

我从来不把成功看作人生的主要目标,觉得只有活出真性情才是没有虚度了人生。

所谓真性情,一面是对个性和内在精神价值的看重,另一面是对外在功利的看轻。

2一个人在衡量任何事物时,看重的是它们在自己生活中的意义,而不是它们能给自己带来多少实际利益,这样一种生活态度就是真性情。

3一个人活在世上,必须有自己真正爱好的事情,才会活得有意思。

这爱好完全是出于他的真性情的,而不是为了某种外在的利益,例如金钱、名声之类。

他喜欢做这件事情,只是因为他觉得事情本身非常美好,他被事情的美好所吸引。

这就好像一个园丁,他仅仅因为喜欢而开辟了一块自己的园地,他在其中培育了许多美丽的花木,为它们倾注了自己的心血。

当他在自己的园地上耕作时,他心里非常踏实。

无论他走到哪里,他也都会牵挂着那些花木,如同母亲牵挂着自己的孩子。

这样一个人,他一定会活得很充实的。

相反,一个人如果没有自己的园地,不管他当多大的官,做多大的买卖,他本质上始终是空虚的。

这样的人一旦丢了官,破了产,他的空虚就暴露无遗了,会惶惶然不可终日,发现自己在世界上无事可做,也没有人需要他,成了一个多余的人。

4人做事情,或是出于利益,或是出于性情。

出于利益做的事情,当然就不必太在乎是否愉快。

我常常看见名利场上的健将一面叫苦不迭,一面依然奋斗不止,对此我完全能够理解。

我并不认为他们的叫苦是假,因为我知道利益是一种强制力量,而就他们所做的事情的性质来说,利益的确比愉快更加重要。

相反,凡是出于性情做的事情,亦即仅仅为了满足心灵而做的事情,愉快就都是基本的标准。

如果不感到愉快,我们就必须怀疑是否有利益的强制在其中起着作用。

5你说,得活出个样儿来。

我说,得活出个味儿来。

名声地位是衣裳,不妨弄件穿穿。

可是,对人对己都不要衣帽取人。

衣裳换来换去,我还是我。

脱尽衣裳,男人和女人更本色。

6人生中一切美好的事情,报酬都在眼前。

阅读理解议论文(原卷版)

阅读理解议论文(原卷版)

阅读理解议论文1.天津市南开中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末2.2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(江苏卷)3.2022届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高考考前测试4.2022·广东·华南师大附中校考一模5.2022·上海·复旦附中校考模拟预测6.2022·湖南·湖南师大附中校考模拟预测7.2022·湖北·恩施市第一中学校考模拟预测8.2022·广东·华南师大附中校考一模A(天津市南开中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末)On Wednesday, two things happened. In Syria, 80 people were killed by government airstrikes. Meanwhile, in Florida, Elon Musk’s SpaceX successfully launched and fired a sports car into space. Guess which story has dominated mainstream news sites?The launch of Musk’s Falcon Heavy rocket, the most powerful ever launched by a private company, went off successfully. Musk sent his cherry-red Tesla roadster running toward Mars, launching “a new space age”. The event attracted phenomenal publicity and made the rocket launch a masterstroke of advertising for Tesla.Meanwhile, in Syria, where hundreds of thousands of refugees(难民) may be forced to return to unsafe homes, a UN human rights coordinator for Syria said despondently(沮丧地) that he was no longer sure why he bothers to videotape the effects of bombing, since nobody ever pays attention. He wondered what level of violence it would take to make the world care.There is, perhaps, no better way to appreciate the tragedy of 21st-century global inequality than by watching a billionaire spend $90m launching a $100,000 car into space.Musk said he wanted to participate in a space race because “races are exciting” and that while strapping his car to a rocket may be “silly and fun … silly and fun things are important”. Thus, anyone who mentions the huge waste the project involves, or the various social uses to which these resources could be put, can be dismissed as a killjoy.But one doesn’t have to hate fun to question the justification for pu rsuing a costly new space race at exactly this moment. If we examine the situation honestly, it becomes hard to defend a project like this.A mission to Mars does indeed sound exciting, but it’s important to have our priorities straight. First, perhapswe could make it so that a child no longer dies of malaria every two minutes. Or we could try to address the level of poverty in Alabama which has become so extreme that the UN investigator did not believe it could occur in afirst-world country. Perhaps when violence, poverty and disease are solved, then we can head for the stars.Many might think that what Elon Musk chooses to do with his billions is Elon Musk’s business alone. If he wanted to spend all his money on medicine for children, that would be nice, but if he’d like to spend it making big explosions and sending his convertible on a million-mile space voyage, that’s his right.But Musk is only rich enough to afford these money-consuming projects because we have allowed social inequalities to arise in the first place. If wealth were actually distributed fairly in this country, nobody would be in a position to fund his own private space program.Elon Musk is right: silly and fun things are important. But some of them are an indefensible waste of resources. While there are still humanitarian crises such as that in Syria, nobody can justify vast spending on rocketry experiments.1.Why does the writer mention the two pieces of news at the beginning of the passage?A.To illustrate the inequality of wealth distribution and the consequent inequality of attention distribution.B.To highlight the significance of SpaceX’s successful launch of a rocket and a car into space.C.To appeal to the government for more attention to the air strikes and refugee crisis in Syria.D.To find out which news dominated the mainstream news sites.2.A.Because nobody appreciated his work and all the efforts he made.B.Because the violence in Syria is not serious enough to make the world care.C.Because however hard he tried, nobody seemed to care about the situation in Syria.D.Because he had great difficulty videotaping the effects of bombing.3.What is implied in Paragraph 6 and 7?A.The space project of SpaceX cost the government too much money.B.It kills the fun to question the justification of the pursuit of space programs.C.Space programs are a waste of money that cannot be justified.D.Addressing problems of violence, poverty and diseases should be our top priority.4.What does the writer mainly want to tell us?A.We should pay equal attention to space projects and solving social problems.B.No private companies should be allowed to spend money in rocketry experiments.C.The money and resources used in space projects could have been used to deal with various social problems. D.Elon Musk should be blamed for misleading the public.B(2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(江苏卷))A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust(反垄断) regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants(巨头) that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visualhave a "God’s eye view" of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firm s’ data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to reveal to consumers what information they hold and how much money they make from it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don’t want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon.5.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data market.B.They collect enormous private data.C.They no longer provide free services.D.They dismissed some new-born giants.6.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensive.B.Google’s idea is popular among data firms.C.Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position.D.Data can be turned into new services or products.7.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitr ust regulators could .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices8.A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.B.Governments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.C(2022届湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学高考考前测试)The story of The emperor’s new clothes is one of Andersen’s best-known works. Cheaters fool the emperor into believing they have made him a fantastic suit. Courtiers (侍臣) dare not say that the emperor is naked; it takes a child to point out the obvious. How many companies have ploughed ahead with expensive projects that were favoured by the CEO, even when other managers have had doubts? The moral is that people are often too restricted by social practice to state their views.In his new book Rebel Ideas: The Power of Diverse Thinking, Matthew Syed argues that the key to dealingwith this problem is “c ognitive (认知) diversity”, in other words, assembling a team of people with different perspectives and intellectual backgrounds. It is not just about selecting people for teams from both sexes and various races. Hire only Cambridge politics graduates or Stanford software engineers and they will have studied under the same professors and absorbed similar world views regardless of their gender or skin colour.There is another element to selecting a good team: ensuring that those viewpoints are heard and respected. A study of over 300 projects by the Rotterdam School of Management found that those led by junior managers were more likely to succeed than those led by senior managers—maybe because other team members were less scared about pointing out potential dangers to someone of lower rank.The ability to speak up within an organization, without fear of punishment, is known as “psychological safety”. Mr. Syed cites a study of teams at Google, which found that self-reported psychological safety was by far the most important factor behind successful teamwork at the technology giant.One way to overcome shyness while brainstorming, for instance, is for everyone to write down their ideas but ensure their names are never known. That way, opinions about thoughts are less closely tied to the status of the thinker and can be tested against each other with less fear or favour.9.Why is The story of the emperor’s new clothes mentioned?A.To confirm its popularity. B.To argue for children’s wisdom.C.To make fun of the adults. D.To indicate the importance of speaking up.10.A.People with the same cognitive origin.B.People with more races and gender.C.People with various academic backgrounds.D.People following their leaders unconditionally.11.Why does a team with a junior manager tend to succeed?A.It encourages members to compete. B.It creates a relaxing atmosphere.C.It allows members to voice opinions. D.It thinks little of social ranks.12.What do we know about “psychological safety”?A.It is a term invented by Mr. Syed. B.It contributes to diversity thinking.C.It is a secret weapon of the Google. D.It is a project done at the Rotterdam.D(2022·广东·华南师大附中校考一模)Quantum (量子) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to tun climate change in the opposite direction.” This is the sort of hype (炒作) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep." What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers.”As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype, Johnson suggests, perhaps because “quantum” stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand. And that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about PyQuantum, the firm he co-concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin (幅度)”to building a “useful” quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.” He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others.”Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition“ by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know. I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum compute rs. But I trust Taylor, just as I trust Johnson.13.How does the author feels about Tobnson’s concerns?A.Approving. B.Unconcerned C.Doubtful. D.Excited.14.What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing?A.His dominance in physics. B.The competition in the field.C.His confidence in PyQuantum. D.The investment of tech companies.15.What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?A.Open. B.Cool. C.Useful. D.Resistant.16.Which would be the best tide for the passage?A.Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?B.Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?C.Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?D.Will Quantun Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?E(2022·上海·复旦附中校考模拟预测)Last week came solid evidence that living in toxic Britain can seriously harm your health. Cardiologists at Queen Mary University of London found that even "safe" levels of air pollution are linked to heart abnormalities similar to those seen during the early stages of heart failure. Their study of almost 4,000 people was backed up by a major US study which showed that higher exposure to fine particles and nitrogen oxides is linked to an acceleration in the hardening of the arteries (动脉).We have long known that air pollution leads to coughing, shortness of breath and irritation in the eyes, nose and throat. It is also clearly linked to respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis, as well as diabetes and some cancers. It is now beyond doubt that children's health is greatly affected, and links have been made between it and Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, dementia and congenital birth defects.The statistics are alarming. In the UK, more than 2 million people suffer from cardiovascular (心血管的) diseases, and nearly one in seven men and one in 12 women will go on to die from them. Heart disease costs the UK economy nearly £30 bn a year to treat, as much as the state spends on secondary education. It is one of the greatest single drains on the public purse. Britain, however, rejects common sense, and shows little sign that it wants to seriously address pollution any time soon.Despite the mounting evidence of air pollution's costs and health impact, Britain has had to be dragged screaming through the courts to make it comply with minimal clean air guidelines and laws. Successive governments have continually tried to evade their legal responsibilities, spending millions of pounds fighting in the courts and lobbying the EU to be allowed to continue to pollute.The government now has a new draft clean air strategy our for consultation until 14 August and claims to beacting faster to tackle air pollution than almost every other major developed economy. It pledges to halve the number of people living in places that do not meet World Health Organization pollution guidelines, and it propose to end the sale of new diesel and petrol cars and vans by 2040.But intending to cut the air pollution bill by around 12.5% in 12 years and waiting 20 years to be rid of the worst vehicles seems criminally weak. Meanwhile, government is knowingly forging ahead with infrastructure plans that will inevitably increase air pollution. The effect will inevitably be to massively increase air pollution and health costs for millions of Britons.So could the car-clogged streets of Sunder-land, Birmingham and London, where I lived for many years, have contributed to my disease and those of millions of others? Probably. Could the oil companies be responsible for far more than climate change? Certainly. Could Britain's monstrous and mounting bill for heart disease be partly due to the highly polluting diesel cars that governments so scandalously encouraged us to drive? Quite possibly.What is certain is that air pollution is now an international scandal, and the cause of a health emergency that governments and industry have failed to address. It undoubtedly threatens life more than any war or disaster. When there are clear alternatives to burning fossil fuels then politicians who do not act to prevent it must stand accused not just of failing to act, but of condoning the mass poisoning of their people.17.According to the study, ________ is probably unrelated to air pollution.A.diabetes B.stomachaches C.Alzheimer D.artery hardening18.A.British government has been screaming for help in courtB.EU has dissuaded British government for help in courtC.British government has tried to have EU's permission for more pollutionD.The government firmly refused to act in accordance with the clean air guideline.19.What is the writer's attitude toward the new draft?A.Britain will implement it faster than other major developed economies.B.It presents a practical way to end pollution from vehicles.C.Its goal will be achieved at the price of massive health cost.D.It's aiming too low when more pollution is expected.20.What can be inferred from the article?A.Government officials should feel disgraced for non-action as leaders.B.The government should cover the bills for air pollution and related diseases.C.Oil companies should not be held accountable for the international scandal.D.British government is an irresponsible one for encouraging people to use vehicles.F(2022·湖南·湖南师大附中校考模拟预测)As children we are well-trained to find the right answer. We are rewarded for A's, the honor roll and acing the test. Our education trains us to follow the rules and deliver the expected answers. When we do, awards and congratulations follow. Yet when we grow up, it gets a little harder.Lif e and careers don’t have tests with an A if we get the “right” answer.I recently had coffee with a college student who will graduate. She is struggling with what she wants for her career. She wants her parents to be proud of her and to continue the success she has had in school. She also talked about other students in her graduating class who are set to do "some big things," like working for impressive companies. Yet she wasn't sure of the right answer for using her degree. She said that deep down she was hoping that someone might give her the answer.We both agreed that it comes down to not looking for the right answer, but her answer. The grown-up definition of the “right answer" is different than that in school. What would you do if you weren't afr aid? It takes time to know these answers. And they can change over time and at any point in your career. My encouragement is to get valued advice and input, of course, but finally to look within yourself for the answers. It helps to come back to:What do I want to be known for? What is my definition of success? What am I best at?If I had no fears, what would I do?What is one step I can take today to move me toward my goal (even if it's not perfectly clear)?I find these types of questions are more helpful at getting to our unique answer rather than “right answer” questions, such as: What will my parents want? What degree or job will mark me as accomplished to the world? What is my best option based on where I work today?21.What does the author mean to say in the first paragraph?A.Life is harder for adults than children.B.Academic excellence is not necessary.C.It is not helpful to follow the rules in school.D.Rules in life are different from those in school.22.What is wrong with the college student?A.She does badly in her studies.B.Her parents are not proud of her.C.She feels puzzled about her life career.D.She is not sure whether to do" some big things".23.When looking for the answer in life, you need to.A.trust your parentsB.listen to your heartC.follow valued adviceD.learn from your classmates24.Which of the following questions might not help you to seek your answer?A.What do I love to do?B.What matters most to me in life?C.What will make me look successful?D.What will I regret not doing when I'm 80?G(2022·湖北·Georgia's public university system will not rename any of its 75 buildings with ties to slavery (奴隶制) or racial segregation (种族隔离), explaining that “history can teach us important lessons”. “The purpose of history is to instruct,” the Board of Regents for Georgia’s public university system wrote in a statement. “History can teach us important lessons, lessons that if understood and applied can make Georgia and its people stronger.”The board(董事会) voted universally on Monday against such changes, nearly a year after it established a committee to study the names and potential changes. The internal committee had advised that changes be made to 75 buildings on campus that are named after Confederate leaders and others.Peop le in support of making changes to the names blamed the board following its decision on Monday. “The decision by Georgia s Board of Regents to keep the names of known racists and segregationists of the state' s public colleges and universities is not surprising. It demonstrates to us the board’s support for racism,” a group called Rename Grady said in a statement.Some schools also established teams of experts to investigate whether building names or statues were regardedinsensitive due to their connections to slavery, racial segregation or the mistreatment of American Indians in the history. Towson University, for example, removed the names of slave owners from two dormitory halls earlier this year. In Chicago, the public school system promised to rename 30 buildings bearing the names of slaveholders.Other schools, however, have taken the same path as Georgia s public university system and chose against changing names. The Board of Trustees at Washington and Lee University voted earlier this year to keep its name, which partly honors Robert E. Lee, the commander of the Confederate States Army.25.Why will Georgia’s public university system refuse to change building names?A.The names have a long history.B.The names was decided by the board.C.The names remind Georgia of going forward.D.The names have no connections to racists and segregationists.26.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The board. B.The decision. C.The statement. D.The committee.27.What do the examples in Paragraph 4 imply?A.Not every school has taken the same path.B.Building names or statues should not be changed.C.The teams of experts some schools established are powerful.D.28.What is t he author’s attitude towards the renaming action?A.Approval. B.Objective. C.Unconcerned. D.Unfavourable.H(2022·广东·华南师大附中校考一模)A character in one of Shakespeare’s plays once said, “Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them.” Any of these could apply to the modern-day sportsmen. Many still argue about the nature of talent. Some claim that people are born to be sportsmen, while others say it is only through devotion and hard work that they achieve their abilities. Arguably though, it is not until their talents are acknowledged (认可) by the public that they truly have greatness fallen upon them.With this acknowledgement of their “greatness” come all the trappings of modern-day celebrity: money, power, influence and responsibility. For better or for worse, like it or hate it, modern sportsmen are the role models ofchildren everywhere. These children will grow up admiring their heroes, devoting their lives to copying their every move, and wanting above all to be like them. Due to this fascination, particularly with the massive influence of the media, it is more important than ever for these sportsmen to acknowledge their responsibility.In the past few months alone, there have been many examples of questionable behaviors from sports stars of the present day. They are often mirroring the very worst aspects of society, a fact that the self-righteous (自以为是的) anger of the modern press has been quick to point out. It would be wrong for us to expect sportsmen to be perfect. It would also be wrong for us to think that their behavior is markedly different from the sportsmen they grew up watching, but with the all-seeing eye of modern media it is a different world, and different standards must be expected.Of course, there is no duty for sportsmen to be good role models. There are no prison sentences, no fines, no community service—unless their behaviors are illegal. Unless they break the law, it is entirely up to them as to whether or not they think their behavior is appropriate. Furthermore, measuring the true influence their decisions have on their followers is absolutely impossible. Some will rise against their idols, seeing them in a new light and criticizing their actions. Others may copy their heroes’ actions, using them as a shield when accused of the same crimes.It is without doubt that the actions of sportsmen will influence the lives of those who worship them. Modern day sportsmen are almost ideals of today’s world, and their actions are watched carefully by millions over the world.respect it, while many may both be aware of it and respect it. In a word, you do not choose whether you are a role model. All you can do is to decide how to act when greatness is thrust upon you.29.In Paragraph 1, the author tries to emphasize ______.A.sportsmen become great when their gifts are recognized by peopleB.sportsmen achieve greatness through their devotion and effortsC.different ways for sportsmen to achieve success and greatnessD.the core characteristic to become great sportsmen nowadays30.According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.A.role models usually have positive influence on their fansB.sportsmen have the right to behave freely within the lawC.all the fans will follow their heroes’ actionsD.no duty is given to sportsmen31.The underlined phrase thrust upon in paragraph 1 most probably means ______. A.put off B.removed from C.related to D.forced on 32.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To advise the media to choose proper events to report.B.To inform the public that sportsmen are no role models.C.To remind the sportsmen of their social responsibilities.D.To argue that sportsmen should not be expected as heroes.。

议论文高一试题及答案

议论文高一试题及答案

议论文高一试题及答案一、阅读下面的材料,完成1-3题。

材料一:近年来,随着科技的快速发展,人工智能、大数据、云计算等技术在各个领域得到了广泛应用。

这些技术不仅极大地提高了生产效率,也改变了人们的生活方式。

然而,随之而来的是对个人隐私和数据安全的担忧。

材料二:在教育领域,人工智能技术的应用可以为学生提供个性化的学习方案,帮助他们更有效地学习。

但同时,也有观点认为,过度依赖技术可能会削弱学生的自主学习能力。

1. 根据材料一,下列关于人工智能、大数据、云计算等技术应用的说法,不正确的一项是()A. 这些技术提高了生产效率。

B. 这些技术改变了人们的生活方式。

C. 这些技术的应用没有引起任何担忧。

D. 这些技术的应用引起了对个人隐私和数据安全的担忧。

2. 材料二中提到的“个性化学习方案”是指()A. 根据学生的兴趣和需求定制的学习计划。

B. 由人工智能技术自动生成的学习计划。

C. 由教师根据学生的表现制定的学习计划。

D. 由学生自己制定的学习计划。

3. 根据材料二,下列关于人工智能技术在教育领域应用的看法,正确的一项是()A. 人工智能技术的应用可以提高学生的学习效率。

B. 人工智能技术的应用可能会削弱学生的自主学习能力。

C. 人工智能技术的应用对学生的学习没有影响。

D. 人工智能技术的应用只对部分学生有效。

二、阅读下面的议论文,完成4-6题。

在当今社会,随着经济的快速发展和科技的不断进步,人们对于环境保护的意识越来越强。

然而,环境保护并不是一个孤立的问题,它与经济发展、社会进步等多个方面紧密相关。

因此,我们在追求经济发展的同时,也必须兼顾环境保护,实现可持续发展。

4. 作者在文中提到的“环境保护”与“经济发展”的关系是()A. 相互独立B. 相互促进C. 相互对立D. 相互影响5. 根据作者的观点,下列哪一项不是实现可持续发展的必要条件?()A. 经济增长B. 环境保护C. 科技创新D. 社会和谐6. 作者认为,我们在追求经济发展的同时,应该采取什么样的措施来保护环境?()A. 忽视环境保护B. 牺牲经济发展C. 兼顾环境保护D. 仅依靠政府三、写作题请以“科技与人文”为题,写一篇不少于800字的议论文,阐述你对于科技与人文关系的看法。

专题12议论文阅读-2021-2022学年九年级语文上学期期末考试好题汇编(原卷版)

专题12议论文阅读-2021-2022学年九年级语文上学期期末考试好题汇编(原卷版)

专题12 议论文阅读1.(2021·广西富川·九年级期末)阅读下面的文章,完成下面小题。

低碳发展①改革开放30多年来,我国经济发展成就举世瞩目,但发展的高碳特征也非常明显。

高碳不仅加剧气候变暖,而且与污染有强相关性。

今天我们已认识到,光讲发展是不够的,还要讲发展方式、选好发展路径。

如果中西部地区沿袭东部一些地区过去的发展路径,我国经济发展就会更高碳。

为了可持续的未来,我国转向低碳发展已刻不容缓。

②从能源经济学的角度看,发达国家可分成两类:一类是美国、加拿大等国家,现在年人均能耗近10吨标准煤;另一类是欧洲和日本等国家,现在年人均能耗是5吨标准煤左右。

两类国家人均能耗相差一倍之多,而人均碳排放相差还不止一倍。

一些人经常以美国的发展为标准,但如果世界其他国家都达到美国那样的人均能耗水平,那就得4个地球才能养活人类。

所以,美国这种高能耗发展模式是不能模仿、不可推广的。

对我国来说,控制总量,坚持高效、洁净、低碳,是低碳发展非常重要的内涵。

可再生能源、核能、天然气是低碳能源的“三匹马”,它们之间的关系不是相互排斥的,而是需要并驾齐驱、形成合力。

惟有如此,才能更多地替代煤炭。

③在我国,目前已有许多低碳发展方面的实践。

近些年,我国产业结构调整力度很大,淘汰落后产能也取得了一定成效。

“十一五”期间,我国能源强度下降19.1%,2014年碳强度下降5%;工业余热替代北方传统供暖规模试点成功;低碳城市试点初见成效;等等。

低碳发展使经济增长更理性、质量效益更高。

所以,国际和国内的实践都表明:低碳发展之路可以通向现代化。

低碳发展以一种新的经济增长方式重塑经济,实现高质量、高效益的发展。

走低碳发展之路,既是为了应对气候变化,更是为了国家和人类的可持续发展。

④事实上,低碳发展不仅会促进经济发展方式转变,还会带来社会治理和人们思想观念的深刻变革,促进形成低碳社会。

低碳社会的基础是城乡一个个低碳“细胞”,包括低碳社区、低碳企业、低碳乡村、低碳家庭等。

中考语文专题:议论文阅读(A卷)【含答案解析】

 中考语文专题:议论文阅读(A卷)【含答案解析】

一、阅读《珍惜弱点》,回答文后问题。

(14分)珍惜弱点①人皆有弱点,但弱点不同缺点。

缺点是行为道德上的不足之处,然而弱点大都是心理性格上的不如人处。

若说缺点可以改正,可以克服,那么弱点不仅与生俱来,还要伴人一生。

②事物本身都有正反两个方面。

据说海南岛的柏油路面很抗热,零上40℃以上也不熔化;哈尔滨的柏油路面能抗寒,零下30℃也不会裂开。

反过来说,海南岛的柏油路最不抗寒;哈尔滨的柏油路最禁不得热。

这个事例说明什么呢?事物的某方面愈强,它的反方面愈弱。

③同样,事物的某方面愈弱,它的反方面愈强。

诸葛亮最大的弱点谁都知道,一生大谨小慎。

当年大将魏延曾提出偷袭长安的奇计,但被诸葛亮所否定,致使魏延至死都认为这是诸葛亮的大失误。

然而街亭失守,诸葛亮被迫摆空城计,司马懿之所以没敢贸然进城,是诸葛亮凭借一生用兵谨慎的“弱点”赢得了这步险棋。

可以这么说,弱点也是强点,所以弱点也需珍惜。

④任何一个物种身上都存在弱点,但这并不影响“物竞天择,适者生存”的大规律。

弱点在某种程度上是生存的保护色。

善用“弱点”者不仅不弱,反而会成为强中强。

以老鼠为例,其相貌卑琐,鬼鬼祟祟,无猫之乖,无牛羊之肉香,无鸟禽之美丽,正因为它的“弱点”,人不仅不驯化它,还要打杀之而后快。

兵法上说“置之死地而后生”,这老鼠在千百年的厄运中反而存活,鼠的家族绝对数量超过人的数量。

⑤世界万物无绝对的强点和弱点。

弱点于人不是什么赘疣,生出来便是人的累赘。

因为弱点在任何一个物种中,犹如物体与影子的关系,根本谁也离不开谁。

性格急躁失之鲁莽但决断性强,慢性子的人稳重有余但反应迟缓。

世界上没有谁会有一个绝对的优势,也没有谁一点儿优势也没有,基于这一点,我们任何人不需自卑,更不用自暴自弃。

⑥金无足赤,人无完人。

正视自己的弱点,进而利用自己的弱点,学业上事业上都能进取。

譬如大画家黄宾虹,晚年双目失明,然而他凭借感觉绘画,反而开创另一境界,成一大家。

⑦珍惜弱点是人生的不气馁,是完善人格的进取,是在弱者上奏出强音的大手笔。

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议论文阅读三要素:一、论点(证明什么)二、论据(用什么证明)三、论证(怎样证明)(一)论点1、找论点:找作者对所论述问题的见解和主张。

即:提倡什么、反对什么、应该怎么做。

应该隐忍负重”;“难道阅读不是愉悦的吗”不是论点,可转述为“阅读是愉悦的”。

“美德与勤俭”不是观点,而是论题。

③中心论点只有一个(统帅全文,统帅分论点);分论点有N个只能统帅某一个或几个段落。

2、论点位置:先看标题——再看段首——后看段尾——浏览段中——没有,根据全文概括。

3、练习:,不是画“×”,可转换的转换。

①《一本通》P286《让有些话穿耳而过》()②《一本通》P288《切不可捧杀英雄》()③《一本通》P290《成熟的稻谷会弯腰》()④《一本通》P293《阅读的愉悦》()题二:开宗明义、开门见山型例①我们对于传说的话,应当经过一番思考,不应当随便就信了。

我们信它,因为它“是”;不信它,因为它“非”。

这一番事前的思索,不随便轻信的态度,便是怀疑的精神。

这是做一切学问的基本条件。

例②心理学家认为,普通人与成大器之人,除了在勤奋、天资、机遇等方面存在着差异之外,面对人生种种际遇,能否沉住气,宠辱不惊,也是二者的一个重要区别。

特别是一些所谓大器晚成者,在他们走向人生辉煌之前,都有沉着面对现实、长期奋斗的经历。

如此看来,沉住气者,方能成大器。

题三:篇末点题、卒章显志型①中华民族历史悠久如滔滔长河,若没有语言文字的记载,无论是汉唐盛世,还是唐诗宋词,都将在后人的世界里湮灭无迹。

在所有的伟大发明中,最重要的当属文字。

②③④⑤⑥⑦汉字是我们文化的根,是滋养我们现实生存发展的血液。

我们不能以游戏的心态对待书写的随意和错误,而应当敬重汉字,把我们民族的优秀文化书写、传承下去,为五千年的文明史续写新篇章。

题四:根据各个分论点,整合归纳出中心论点。

如《一本通》P298《匠人与大师》的论点:P293《阅读的愉悦》的论点:题五:补充论点人生犹如连绵的山脉,有峰峦也有沟谷。

“天下不如意,恒十居七八”。

“活着,就是为了改变世界”是苹果公司原总裁史蒂夫·乔布斯的人生信念,他凭着iphone、ipad产品的畅销实现了自己“改变世界”的梦想。

但正是这样一位影响全球的天才,也曾陷入长达近11年的人生逆境。

在这段人生逆境中,他遭遇了三次重大的挫折。

先因决策失误而被董事会赶出自己创立的公司,接着因开发NEXT电脑没有销量而被人嘲笑,后来又因他对皮克斯公司产业定位不准而成为市场的笑料。

但在逆境与挫折面前,乔布斯能够沉住气,坚守人生信念,不屈不挠,积极进取,终于使得皮克斯的电脑动画大获成功,最终以丰厚的资产与超人的智慧,重新回归苹果公司,引领苹果实现了“改变世界”的梦想。

在横线处补写一句话,使它能够统率全段的论证内容。

(2分)答案:(二)论据1⑴论据的类型:①事实论据(举例后要总结,紧扣论点);②道理论据(引用名言要分析)。

⑵论据要真实、可靠,典型(学科、国别、古今等)。

⑶次序安排(照应论点);⑷判断论据能否证明论点;⑸补充论据(要能证明论点)。

2、练习:题①:勤出智慧。

传说古希腊有一个叫德摩斯梯尼的演说家,因小时口吃,登台演讲时,声音含混,发音不准,常常被雄辩的对手所压倒。

可他不气馁,心不灰,为克服这个弱点,战胜雄辩的对手,便每天口含石子,面对大海朗诵,不管春夏秋冬,坚持50年如一日,连爬山、跑步也边走边做演说,终于成为全希腊一个最有名气的演说家。

宋代学者朱熹讲过一个故事:福州有一个叫陈正之的人,反应相当迟钝,读书每次只读50字,一篇小文章也要读一二百遍才能熟。

他不懒不怠,勤学苦练,别人读一遍,他就读三四遍,天长日久,知识与日俱增,后来无书不读,成了博学之士。

这表明,即使天资比较差,反应比较迟钝,只要勤,同样也是可以变拙为巧的。

用简要语言概括文段中的两个论据:论据①:论据②:你能不能再分别补充一个事实论据和一个道理论据,用以证明“勤奋出智慧”的观点。

事实论据:人物+事件+简评道理论据:题②、下面哪则材料能证明“只有深入思考才能享受思考的乐趣”的观点,为什么?(3分)【材料一】有一天,牛顿看到一个苹果落到他的脚边,他就想,为什么苹果总是垂直落向地面呢?为什么苹果不向外侧或向上运动,而总是向着地球中心运动呢?地球是不是对苹果存在着一种向下的拉力呢?牛顿细致的思考促使他发现了万有引力定律。

正如牛顿自己所说:“我的成功归功于静心的思考。

”【材料二】有一个问题一直困扰着牛顿,到底是一种什么样的力量驱使月球围绕地球转,地球围绕太阳转?为此,他进行了长期的观察、研究、实验。

其间,他历经失败,受人嘲笑,但他仍坚持不懈。

一次偶然的苹果落地让他发现了万有引力定律。

答:题③、下面哪一则材料能够作为这段的所论观点的论据,请说明理由。

(3分)那些春风得意者,一帆风顺者,升官发财者,胜券在握者,没有一个不膨胀的。

不过,有的人把握得住自己,得意而不忘形;有的人沉不住气,头脑一热,让人不敢恭维。

A.美国女作家海伦·凯勒,年幼时因病失去了视力和听力。

但是她用顽强的毅力克服生理缺陷所造成的精神痛苦。

努力学习,最终成为一位学识渊博,掌握五种文字的著名作家和教育家。

B.周瑜年少得志,事业有成,婚姻甜美,羽扇纶巾,意气风发,但也仍然精心研究兵法,专心战事,丝毫不敢懈怠,力保吴国平安。

C.南宋的抗金名将岳飞,虽然受到了秦桧的百般迫害,但直到屈死于风波亭,始终对国家忠心耿耿,其精忠报国的精神深受我国各族人民的敬佩。

判断:理由:题④首段材料有何作用不禁想起了周恩来的一个故事:一次,理发师给周总理刮脸,总理咳嗽了一声,刀子把脸刮破了,理发师十分紧张,不知所措。

周总理和蔼地说:“这不能怪你,我咳嗽前没有向你打招呼,你怎么知道我要动呢?”这桩小事,使我们看到了总理身上的美德——宽容。

3分):①列举周总理的故事(举例论证),引出论题,提出论点;②作为论据,充分证明“宽容是美德”观点;③激发阅读兴趣,增强可读性。

同类题型:①李肇星曾在一篇文章中记述了他儿子3岁时的一些充满意趣的奇言妙语。

有次他儿子在回答“人为什么会长两只耳朵”时说:“可以一个耳朵进,一个耳朵出,光进不出就会装不下。

”②由此,我想起了一句话:让有些话穿耳而过。

问:第①段事例的作用是什么?①②③(三)论证1、论证:用论据材料证明观点的过程。

⑴论证方法(须为四个字)+ 作用举例论证:本段举了…例子作论据,充分有力地证明了…观点比喻论证:把…比喻成…,深入浅出、形象生动地证明了…论点道理论证:本段引用…名言,富有权威性地/充分有力地证明了…观点对比论证:将…与…对比,强调突出/有力的证明了…观点注意:不要混淆说明文术语:举例子、打比方、作比较、引资料具体说明……⑵分析论证过程≠议论文基本结构(提出问题—分析问题—解决问题)②论点是怎样被证明的(用了哪些道理和事实,是否有正反两面的分析说理);③联系全文的结构(首先、其次、再次、最后),是否有结论。

例:珍惜亲情的“有效期限”。

父母可以陪伴你的上半生,却无法呵护你的下半生;儿女能够陪伴你的下半生,却不可能参与你的上半生……你无法在所有的时空里称心如意拥有你想要的全部天伦之乐,就像一只鸟无法在每一个季节都拥有自己优美的歌喉。

于是,有了孔子“父母在,不远游”的教诲;有了“香九龄,能温席”的孝行;有了“子欲养而亲不待”的慨叹……亲情的“有效期限”贯穿了我们生命的全过程,充塞着我们心灵的每一个角落。

答:本段文字首先提出要“珍惜亲情的‘有效期限’”这一观点,接着举例论证,举了家庭生活的例子告诉我们一定要珍惜亲情的有效期限,最后,道理论证,引用古人的观点来得出“我们亲情的有效期限贯穿了我们生命的始终,我们一定要珍惜”的结论。

2、练习:题1、指出下面各句的论证方法①历史上没有一个反人民的势力不被人民毁灭的!希特勒、墨索里尼,不都在人民面前倒下去了吗?——②孟子所谓“尽信书不如无书”,也就是教我们有一点怀疑的精神,不要随便盲从或迷信。

——③如果周围是冷风冷雨,或许我们真的永远对地倒在那里,再也爬不起来,但倘若这时耳畔传来一句“你能行”,即使这声音非常细微,我们也会知道怎么去面对失败。

——④鼓励不是鲜花,也不是太阳,但它却可以是一滴甘露……——题2、《一本通》P287《让有些话穿耳而过》从行文结构上看,③④⑤⑥段之间的关系是T2以第四段为例,分析论证过程。

(参考《一本通》答案)答:题3、《一本通》P298《匠人与大师》③匠人在实践层面,大师在理论层面。

匠人从事具体操作水平的上限是经验丰富,但还没从经验上升到理论。

虽然这些经验体现和验证了规律,但还不是规律本身。

大师则站在理论的层面上,靠规律运作。

面对一片瓜地,匠人忙着一个一个去摘瓜,大师只提起一根瓜藤;面对一大堆数字,匠人满头大汗,一道接一道地去算,大师只需轻轻给出一个公式。

该段用了什么论证方法?有什么作用?提示:对比论证+比喻论证(全面性),充分有力+深入浅出地(2个效果词)证明了“匠人在实践层面,大师在理论层面”(观点句写出,不可架空)的观点。

分析:有人误将“面对一片瓜地,匠人忙着一个一个去摘瓜”当做举例论证,那如何区分“比喻论证”和“举例论证”论证呢?(四)议论文的语言⑴严密(修饰性、限制性的语言的运用);⑵生动(成语、各种修辞手法的运用);⑶词序;⑷句序(关联词语的使用,特别要注意递进关系)。

1、谈对句子的理解:找到指代,还原喻体。

例:《一本通》P290谈谈对“成熟的稻谷会弯腰”的理解。

2分答:例:《一本通》P298《匠人与大师》段3“瓜地”“一个一个去摘瓜”“提起一根瓜藤”分别指什么?答:2、不能去词或调整顺序:语言或论证严密、精当、逻辑性强例:②楚汉相争时,项羽的失败,就在于他不知道在错误中学习。

每当他有所主张,左右总是连声称“是”,钦佩拜伏。

一直到死他还错误地认为是“天之亡我,非战之罪”。

平时在百战百胜中,他愈来愈自负。

大难临头了,还在高唱“力拔山兮气盖世”。

项羽难以放下身段,从自负的巅峰走下来,弄到无颜回江东去的地步,结果只有死路一条。

③刘邦的成功,得益于在错误处注意学习。

有人当面指责他,不应该一面洗脚一面和长者说话;有人暗暗提示他,不应该在韩信求封齐王的使者面前发脾气;有人诚恳,怎告他,不应该迷恋各国佳丽,要赶快迁都回关中去……他总会幡然醒悟,在错误中学到很多,终于获得事业的成功。

④改进的机会,始终固守一套僵化的战略,所以日胜反而灭亡;因为在失败之中善于学习,不断总结经验教训,所以日败反而称王。

问:选文②③两段的顺序能否调换?请说出理由。

(2分)答:2、填空,与段落一一对应;或根据句意例:无论是读书还是做学问,最为关键的事情,就是独立思考,融会贯通,有所创见。

否则,书读得再多,也只不过是【甲】,方法刻板,不知变通;【乙】,读了一些无实际用处的书;【丙】,不懂得将书中的道理运用于实际生活。

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