北师大版初二(上)英语第9讲：unit 5 词汇篇(学生版)

Unit 5 词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. 理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2. 理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1. protect v. 保护protect是及物动词，其后所接的通常是要保护的对象。

例如：We should protect the environment. 我应该保护环境。

常用短语：protect sb. / sth. from sth. 保护某人/某物免受某物的伤害，例如：You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.你最好带上太阳镜，保护眼睛免受阳光的伤害。

2. complete v. 填写，完成adj. 完全的，例如：Can you complete your task on time? 你们能按时完成工作吗？He turned off the light and the room was in complete darkness. 他关上了灯，室内一片漆黑。

completely adv 完全地They have already finished the task completely.他们已经完全完成了那个任务。

3. notice v. 意识到，注意n. 通告；通知；注意(1) notice既可做可数名词，也可做不可数名词，意为“通告，注意”。

例如：Her appearance attracted my notice. 她的外表引起了我的注意。

(2) notice 做动词，意为“意识到，注意”。

其后可接从句，也可接复合宾语，即notice sb. do/ doingsth.，意为“注意到某人做/正在做某事”。

例如：I did not notice you come in. 我没注意到你进来。

4. fight v. 打架；与…斗争n. 打斗fight做不及物动词，意为“打架，与…斗争”，常与介词with或against连用。

二者都可以表示“与…斗争”；fight with指“和…一起斗争，用（某种武器）斗争”；fight against指“和坏的人或事做斗争”。

例如：We cannot control life，but we can fight with it. 我们不能控制生活，但我们能够和它斗争。

Now we fight with guns. 现在我们用枪打仗。

We should fight against the illegal behaviors. 我们应该和那些违法行为做斗争。

fight也可做及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，意为“反对；战斗”。

5. polite adj. 有礼貌的常用句型“It is + polite+ of sb. + to do sth. ”某人做某事是有礼貌的。

例如：It is not polite of you to cut the speaker short. 你打断发言的话是不礼貌的。

反义词：impolite 不礼貌的，粗鲁的副词politely 礼貌地6. avoid v. 避免，防止avoid及物动词，后接动名词，不可接动词不定式。

例如：You had better avoid losing your job. 你最好避免丢掉你的工作。

7. surprise v. 使惊奇，使感到意外n. 吃惊，意想不到的事surprising和surprised都是由surprise变换而来的，都是形容词。

surprising意为“令人吃惊的”，用来修饰物；surprised意为“感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。

surprise n. 常用短语：to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是，例如：To her surprise，she was awarded first prize. 令她吃惊的是，她竟然得了一等奖。

【知识拓展】to+ one’s + n.to one’s joy/happiness/ disappointment/ amazement/excitement令某人高兴/失望/吃惊/兴奋的是8. lie v. 平躺，平放；说谎lie意为“平躺，平放”过去式、过去分词为lay，lainlie意为“说谎”过去式、过去分词为lied，lied9. shout v. 呼叫，呼喊shout to意为“呼喊，对…大声喊叫”，多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊，否则对方无法听见，例如：Didn’t you hear me shout to you? 没听见我喊你吗？shout at意为多指因为生气等非善意而对某人吼叫或喊叫。

例如：He was so angry that he shouted at everyone present. 他如此生气因而对在场的每个人大喊大叫。

10. warn v. 提醒注意，警告warn是及物动词，常用句型有：warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告/告诫某人（不要）做某事warn sb. of sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事warn sb. against doing sth. 警告某人不要做某事11. dream n. 梦，梦想v. 做梦，梦想dream做名词时，为可数名词，“梦，梦想”。

例如：She has a dream of being a doctor.dream做动词时意为“”，常用于dream of/ about(doing) sth. 结构12. raise v. 举起，筹集，抚养raise one’s hands 举起手来raise money 筹集钱raise a family 养家13. seem v. 看起来，好像(1) seem to be + n/ adj，意为“似乎是，好像是”。

例如：They seem to be teachers. 他们好像是老师。

(2) seem to do sth.，意为“似乎做某事”，例如：She seems to go travel this weekend. 她好像这个周末去旅游。

(3) It seems + that 从句，意为“好像…”，例如：It seems that she is unhappy. 好像她不高兴。

(4) seem like 意为“似乎，好像”，例如：The sound seems like the singing of a bird. 这声音似乎是鸟儿在唱歌。

14. pay attention to 注意pay attention to sth./ doing sth. 注意某事/做某事Pay attention to your pronunciation. 注意你的发音。

Please pay attention to taking care of your baby. 请照顾好你的小孩。

15. die from 死于…die from 死于，表示死亡原因，尤其指死于外伤、事故、劳累过度，例如：The engineer died from overwork. 这位工程师死于操劳过度。

16. be similar to 与…相似similar adj. 意为“相像的，类似的”，在句中做定语或表语。

与like同义，但like只能做表语。

We have similar opinions. 我们的看法相同。

be similar to 与…相似/相仿；be similar in 在某方面相似/相仿17. some…others 一些…另一些…others 代词，泛指其他的人或物，常与some连用，构成some…others…结构，例如：There are many students on the playground. Some are playing basketball. Others are running.操场上有许多学生。

一些在打篮球，另一些在跑步。

1. This city will be more and more convenient when the subway_________in two years.A. is completedB. will be completedC. will completeD. has completed2. It________ that he has been ill for a long time.A. seemB. seemsC. lookD. looks3. Don’t ________me. I can hear you very well.A. listen toB. shout toC.talk withD. look like4. ---Can we play computer games on your computer? ---Sorry. My father has______me not to do that.A. warnedB. decidedC. hopedD. refused5. She________ down beside me and soon fell a deep sleep.A. layB. liedC. laidD. lain6. We are__________ at the ________news.A. surprise；surprisedB. surprise；surprisingC. surprised；surprisedD. surprised；surprising7. My younger brother dreams________ a spaceman.A. to becomeB. of to becomeC. of becomingD. becoming8. David is a shy boy. Whenever he sees his head teacher，he quickly walks to the other side of the roadto avoid ___________her.A. talk toB. to talkC. talking toD. talks to9. They are singing to_______ money for the poor children in rural areas.A. haveB. takeC. findD. raise10. ---Do you know that Mrs. Thatcher passed away last year?---Yes. She died_______ illness.A. inB. fromC. withD. as基础演练一、短语互译1. 立刻_______________2. 握手________________3. 和...相似_______________4. 因为_______________5. 上车________________6. 数以百万计的____________7. 嘲笑_______________ 8. 带路，通往___________ 9. 带某人参观_______________10.乱扔________________________________11. pay attention to _______________________12. have a great time ______________________二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组1. It won’t _____________ (使惊奇) me if they get married very soon.2. Candy_________(来自) England，but she speaks Chinese very well.3. When we _________(谈论) NBA，many people will think of Yao Ming.4. She cooked her husband a d________meal.5. It was his d________to play football for his country.6. I was doing my homework ______________(那时).7. Parents shouldn’t_________(对…大声喊叫) their children for small mistakes.8. Would you give me that book as a g_______?9. He is wearing s_______because it’s a sunny day.10. My brother is an honest boy. He never tells a l________.巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）1. 我的问题与你的类似。