八年级下册英语现在完成时
八年级下英语现在完成时态课件
• She hasn’t bought any new clothes for a year.
三.几个相近短语的区别：
have/has gone to:已经去了或在途中，还没有 返回；(去了未回来)
• Have you met him before? • 你以前见过他吗？ • My brother met her in the street two
days ago. • 我哥哥两天前在街上遇到了她。 • I have just had breakfast. • 我刚吃过早餐。 • She had breakfast just now. • 她刚吃了早餐。
最近
in the past/last +时间段 过去的…
by now, so far, up to now, till now 迄今
once, twice…
一次…
all/in one’s life
某人一生
（1）already
肯定句: “己经”
I’ve already had breakfast. (更常见) = I’ve had breakfast already.
I have finished my homework. I have not finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
She has been to Europe. She hasn’t been to Europe. Has she been to Europe? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
八年级下学期现在完成时
【概念】现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
【结构】主语 + have/has + 过去分词(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。
)（过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
)【现在完成时态句式】否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。
（has not=hasn’t; have not=haven’t）一般疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has. (肯定回答)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定回答)【现在完成时的标志】以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:1）* 以already, just和yet为标志already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。
2）* 以ever和never为标志ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。
3）* 以动作发生的次数为标志若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。
4）* 以so far为标志so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。
【针对性练习题】一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him.A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD. will know2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. alreadyB. neverC. everD. still3、Have you met Mr. Li ______？A. justB. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .A. is writingB. was writingC. wroteD. has written5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .—Yes. I hope it will be even ______.A.has changed; wellB. changed;good C .has changed ; better D. changed ; better6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .A. was; studyingB. will; studyC. has ; studiedD. are ; studying7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film . I ______ it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see9、—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really? When _____ there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.A. Did; do; finishedB. Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; have finishedD. will; do; finish11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in12、—Do you know him well ?— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made13、—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months.A.beenB. goneC. comeD. arrived14、Hurry up! The play__________ for ten minutes.A. has begunB. had begunC. has been onD. began15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army .A. isB. hasC. willD. was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .A.has goneB. wentC.will goD. has been17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so theyB. don’t theyC. have theyD. haven’t they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university21.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away22. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in23. The factory ____ since the February of 1988.A. has been openB. has openedC. was openD. opened24. Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become25. You mustn't_____ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left26. The meeting _____ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over27. Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught28. Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years.A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became29. I ______ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returned30. How long _______ he ________ ?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead31. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept32. He ________ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had33. -----How long _____ you _____ ill? -----Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been34.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved awayC. has been away from35. I'll lend you the book, but you can only _____ it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. take36. The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stoppedB. stoppedC. has been37. Are you _____ the jacket these days?A. wearingB. putting onC. dressingD. on38. He ________ for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up39. Tom is ill in hospital. He ______ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had40. ----- How long can I ______ the book?------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep二、句型转换。
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时
现在完成时一、 (1) 概念：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作,,对现在造成的影响或结果。
对现在造成的影响或结果。
1. I have already c leaned cleaned my room. 我已经打扫了我的房间。
我已经打扫了我的房间。
2. We have finished our homework. 我们完成了作业。
我们完成了作业。
3. They have swept the floor. 他们扫了地。
他们扫了地。
4. She has read t hat book. that book. 她读了那本书。
她读了那本书。
5. Tom has broken the window. Tom 打碎窗户。
打碎窗户。
现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成: : 主语主语 + + + +1. I haven haven’’t cleaned my room yet. 我还没打扫了我的房间。
我还没打扫了我的房间。
2. We haven haven’’t finished our homework. 我们没完成作业。
我们没完成作业。
3. They haven haven’’t swept t he floor. the floor. 他们没扫地。
他们没扫地。
4. She hasn hasn’’t read t hat book. that book. 她没读那本书她没读那本书5. Tom hasn hasn’’t broken t he window. Tom the window. Tom 没有打碎窗户。
没有打碎窗户。
否定句否定句: : 主语主语主语 + + + + + +1. Have you c leaned cleaned my room?Yes,I have.2. Have y ou you finishedour homework? No,I haven ’t. 3. Have they swept t he floor?the floor? Yes,they have. No,they haven ’t.4. Has she read t hat book?that book? Yes,she has. No,she hasn hasn’’t.5. Has Tom broken t he window?the window? Yes,Tom has. No,Tom hasn ’t.一般疑问句一般疑问句: : 助动词助动词助动词 + + ? + + ?(2) 现在完成时的基本句型：肯定句：肯定句：否定句否定句: : 一般疑问句：一般疑问句：二、现在完成时标志词1.I have already lost the key.2.She hasn ’t told us the news yet .3.Have you decided to go yet ?4.I have just cleaned my hands.5.John has never been to Nanjing6.Have you ever been to a museum?7.He has stayed here since 5 5 o o ’clock.David has lived here since 1992.8.He has has stayed stayed stayed here here since 5 5 hours hours hours ago. ago.His father has been in the Party since 10 years ago.9.She has taught English since he he came came came here. here.She has taught us since I came to this school.10.He has kept the book for 2 weeks.I have had this dictionary for t hree years.three years. Since: (自…以来)(1)(2)(3)for(长达）just (谓语动词之前谓语动词之前谓语动词之前) before() before(句末）句末） so far so far 到目前为止到目前为止in the past/last few years(过去几年来过去几年来) )练一练：练一练：选用选用 for for 和 since 填空填空: :1.We haven ’t seen each other ______ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party ______ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.6. It ’s five years _______ we met last time.1.The house is dirty. We _______it for weeks.A didn ’t cleanB hadn ’t cleanedC don ’t cleanD haven ’t cleaned2. ---Have you found your keys _______---Yes, I have _______ found them.A already; yetB yet;alreadyC already;alreadyD yet;yet3.3. -- I ’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I _____here only a few minutes.A have beenB had beenC wasD will be4.4. You don ’t need to describe her. I _______ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet5. --Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?--I _______ to go , but I don ’t know if I can go .A was planningB have plannedC had been planningD have been planning planning6. --When will they leave ?--They ______very soon .A do leaveB are leavingC have leftD leave7 --Was he studying for an exam ?--Yes , he's ____ it last week.A doingB to takeC makingD to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth ____ round.A isB wouldC wasD were9.9. She _______ such an interesting book before.A was never readingB will never readC had never readD has never rea10.10. How long do you think the meeting ______A is lastingB is lastedC will lastD lasts11. 11. I ____________(wait) for him for two hours . I am very angry . I ____________(wait) for him for two hours . I am very angry .12. 12. He _________ (be) a doctor since he was twenty .13. 13. The film __________ (be) on for fifteen minutes .14. 14. ____ you ever ____ (read) that book before ?15. 15. ____ you ever ____ (try) to change her ?16. 16. No one ____________ (arrive) here yet . No one ____________ (arrive) here yet .17. 17. ______ the bus _____ (leave) yet ?18. 18. I____ I____ I____ already already already ______ ______ ______ (see) (see) (see) the the the film. film. film.19. 19. My My My father father father ____ ____ ____ just just just _____ _____ _____ (come) (come) (come) back back back from from from work. work.20. 20. I I I _____________ _____________ _____________ (work) (work) (work) here here here since since since I I I ______ ______ ______ (move) (move) (move) here here here in in in 1999. 1999. 21. 21. So So So far far far I I I _______________(make) _______________(make) _______________(make) quite quite quite a a a few few few friends friends friends here. here.22. 22. -How -How -How long long long _______ _______ _______ the the the Wangs Wangs Wangs _______(stay) _______(stay) _______(stay) here? -For here? -For two two weeks. weeks. weeks.23. 23. I I I ________ ________ ________ just just just ___________ ___________ ___________ (finish) (finish) (finish) my my my homework. homework. homework.24.______ 24.______ you you you ______ ______ ______ (find) (find) (find) your your your science science science book book book yet? yet?一般过去时与现在完成时之比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。
现在完成时课件2022-2023学年人教版八年级英语下册
•3.have / has / had （区分助V？实V？）
倒装
• So + be / 助 V / 情V + 主语2. 某人/某物也....
• Linda likes this novel, _s_o_d__o__I___ (我也一样) _so__d__o_e_s_h__e (他也一样)
He did homework yesterday. • 3.现在进行时 （am/is/are + V-ing）
He is doing homework now. • 4.过去进行时 （was/were + V-ing）
He was doing homework at 8 pm yeaterday. • 5.一般将来时 （will + V原 am/is/are + V-ing）
现在完成时
非常重要，请竖着耳朵听 学习之前请复习.........
•实义动词 •系动词 •情态动词 •助动词
walk run talk see
be(am is are was were ) 部分系V： smell sound taste feel
can could should must may might will would
（谓语）
主语 + have / has + V-pp + 宾语 + 其他.
主三单→ has 主复→__h_av_e__
V-pp构成 (pt) + ed/ e+d/ y-ied/ 双+ed
不规则中找规律
• 1.过去式 = 过去分词 = 原形 • 2.过去式改字母 过去分词 = 原形 • 3.过去式改字母 过去分词 = 原形 + en • 4.过去式改字母 过去分词 = 过去式 + en • 5.原形ow → 过去式ew → 过去分词 = 原形+ n • 6.原形i → 过去式 a →过去分词 u • 7.原形 → 过去式ought → 过去分词ought • 8.原形 → 过去式aught → 过去分词 aught • 9.过去式改元音字母 过去式 = 过去分词 • 10.过去式改辅音字母 过去分词 = 过去式 • 11.过去式改字母+t 过去分词 = 过去式
（完整版）八年级下现在完成时全面知识点
（完整版）⼋年级下现在完成时全⾯知识点⼀现在完成时概念及⽤法：1 表⽰过去发⽣或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
常和just（刚刚），already（已经），yet（已经），never（从不），ever （曾经），before（以前），so far（到⽬前为⽌）等时间状语连⽤。
2 表⽰从过去某⼀时刻开始⼀直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续下去，常和for或since引导的时间状语连⽤。
此时的动词必须是延续性动词。
构成：have/ has(助动词)+V过去分词肯定句：主语+ have/ has+V过去分词+其他否定句：主语+ have/ has+not+V过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句：have/ has+主语+ +V过去分词+其他肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/ has.否定回答：No, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t.3 常⽤标志词语already, never, ever, just, before, so far, yet ,since+过去的时间点,for+⼀段时间等already常⽤于肯定句；yet⽤于否定句和疑问句。
⼆常⽤句型结构辨析（⼀）have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析：⑴ have/ has been to + 地名“曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。
He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。
(现在已经不在英国了)Have you ever been to the Great Wall？你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上）⑵have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了”，说话时该⼈不在现场。
He has gone to England。
他已去英国了。
(已经不在说话的地⽅，到达英国或者在去英国的路上)⑶ have been in +地点待在某地，常与时间段搭配。
八下英语现在完成时知识点
八下英语现在完成时知识点
现在完成时是英语中的一种时态，用来表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或者与现在有关的动作。
现在完成时的构成是由助动词“have/has”和动词的过去分词构成的。
现在完成时通常用于以下情况：
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，强调动作的结果或者延续到现在。
例如，I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了我的作业。
）。
2. 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在，或者强调动作的持续性。
例如，She has lived in Paris for five years.（她已经在巴黎住了五年了。
）。
3. 表示过去发生的动作对现在的情况产生影响，或者强调动作的经验性。
例如，I have visited the Great Wall.（我去过长城。
）。
4. 表示刚刚完成的动作，常与just, already, yet等时间状语连用。
例如，They have just left.（他们刚刚离开。
）。
需要注意的是，现在完成时常与一些时间状语连用，如for, since, just, already, yet等，以表明动作发生的时间或者持续的时间。
另外，现在完成时通常不与表示具体时间点的时间状语连用，而是与表示时间段或者延续性的时间状语搭配使用。
总之，现在完成时是英语中一个重要的时态，用来表示过去动作与现在的关系，需要根据不同的语境和句子结构来正确运用。
希望这些知识点能够帮助你更好地理解现在完成时的用法。
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时PPT课件
► 表示
►2
表示继续的现在完成时 ► 肯定句: Li Ming’s elder brother has studied in Peking University for five years. ► 否定句: We haven’t seen each other all this month. ► 疑问句: ► A: How long have you known your boy friend? ► B: I have known him since he came here six months ago
► We’ve
always/ often seen him jog in the morning. ► 我们经常看到他晨跑 ► Nancy hasn’t gone to school recently/lately. ► 南希最近/近来没有去上学. ► Three students have been rescued so far . ► 截止到目前,已有三句学生获救. ► We have learned about 2,000 words
► My
father has just gone out. ► 我的父亲刚刚出去了。 ► I have closed the window. ► 我把窗户关上了。 ► Mr. Li has gone to Australia. ► 李先生去澳大利亚了。 ► 表示“完成”、“结果”的现在完成时是 表示在过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生 的结果和影响。这种用法可分为下面两种 情况：
► 主语+have/has+not+过去分词
► 例:The
concert hasn't /has not started yet. ► 音乐会还没有开始. ► 例:They haven't/have not gotten to London yet.他们还没有到达伦敦. ► 例:I haven't graduated from the university yet. 我还没有完成我的大学学 业呢.
八年级英语下学期现在完成时
3. – I have watched the game.
--When ____ you ____ it? A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch
4. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago. A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live 5. His grandma ______ for two years.
---- No, never,but I went to Canada a few years ago
8. You haven’t changed your mind,_______? A do you B are you C have you D did you
9. How long have you _____ the football team of the school?
6.小名参军半年了。 Xiao Ming has been a soldier for half a year. Xiao Ming joined the army half a year ago. 7.我们上了8年学了。 We have been students for eight years. 8.下课10分钟了 The class has been over for ten minutes. 9.电影开始了一小时了 The film has been on for an hour.
A been on B been at C joined D played
10. ---Where have you _____ these days? ---- I have _____ to Dazhu with my friends. A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone 11. How long have you ____ this book?
八年级英语下现在完成时
A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go
( C )7. You haven’t changed your mind,_______? A. do you B. are you C. have you D. did you ( D )8. How long have you _____ the football team of the school? A. played B. been at C. joined D been on
一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间 的状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一 般过去时。如： I have visited the factory. I visited the factory last year. 二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某 事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但 进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做 那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时。如：
试比较：
He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。
一般过去时与现在完成时之比较
• 1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过 去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成 时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 强调的是现在的情况。 • 2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完 成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 • ◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now,等具体的时 间状语。 • ◎ 共同的时间状语有：this morning, tonight, this summer, before, already,等。 • ◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already, yet, in past years等不确定的时间状语。
八年级英语下册现在完成时+unit10重点知识总结+练习
现在完成时（Ⅰ）1、助动词have/has+过去分词现在完成时（Ⅱ）2、在含有be动词的现在完成时态的句子中，谓语部分由“have/has+been”构成。
其中have/has为助动词。
（1）肯定句：主语+have/has+been+其他（2）否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+been+其他（3）一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+其他肯定的简略回答是：Yes,主语+have/has.否定的简略回答是：No,主语+have/has not.(4)特殊疑问句+have/has+主语+been+其他？3、用法用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果却和现在有联系：动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在，可以和never, ever, once, twice, three/four/…..times等副词（短语）连用。
____________________________________________________他们去过北京两次。
_____________________________________________________我从未去过那里。
_____________________________________________________你去过上海吗？4、“have/has been to+地点名词”与“have/has gone to+地点名词”的区别______________________________________________________她去过上海。
（现在不在上海）______________________________________________________她去上海了。
（现在已在上海或在途中）5、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别（1）一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
八年级下九单元现在完成时
新目标英语八年级下册现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态，常与already(已经)，never(从没有)，ever(曾经)，just(刚刚)，yet(已经；尚未)等时间状语连用。
现在完成时的构成由“助动词have / has + 过去分词”构成，在人称代词后，have和has 常简缩为’ve, ’s ; have not简缩为haven’t, has not 简缩为hasn’t。
I have already posted the photos. 我已经把这些照片寄出去了。
(“邮寄”是过去发生的动作，对现在造成的结果是“照片不在我这里”。
)注：现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因而不能和表示过去时间的状语，如yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960等连用。
但可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语; 如today, these days, since 1980, for a long time, for two years, since 1984, since he came here等连用。
We have lived in that street for a long time.我们在那个街道住了很长时间。
He has taught at this school since 1965.他从表面上看1965年起一直在这所学校任教。
He’s been there for over two years.= He’s been there since two years ago.1. 现在完成时态的用法1）“已完成”用法表示动作或过程发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间(常指最近的过去时间),现在已经完成了, 并与现在的情况有联系.特点是既涉及过去, 又联系现在: 动作是过去发生的, 结果是现在存在的.换句话说, 这一用法实际上表示的是因果关系, 动作的完成是原因, 现在的情况是结果 (主要是指目前的结果, 也可以指长久的乃至永久的结果, 即表示此种结果已构成某种不会消失的状况或经验)They have cleaned the classroom. 他们已经把教室打扫了)(含义是: 他们打扫过教室了, 教室现在是干净的)I have worked in the USA. 我曾经在美国工作过.)(含义是: 我现在不在美国工作了, 但我在那儿工作过)2）“未完成”用法表示动作或状态从过去某时开始, 继续到现在, 可能继续下去, 也可能刚刚结束.The Whites have lived here since 1970. 怀特一家人从1970年就住在这里.(含义是: 怀特一家人从1970年来到这里居住, 至今还住在这里)2. “未完成”用法需要注意的几个问题1）谓语动词都是“延续性” 动词, 即可以表示延续的情况或动作的动词, 如be, have, know, live, work, study, learn, teach, speak, talk, draw, wait, wear, walk, sleep等.Miss Gao has taught this for three years. 高小姐教这个班已三年了.We have learned English for six years. 我们学习英语已六年了.Uncle Wang has worked in this factory since 1989.王叔叔自从1989年就在这家工厂工作了.2）可以和表示一段时间的状语连用. 这段时间从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在” 在内), 可由for或since引导的短语来表示.for引导的介词短语表示一个时间段，指某个动作或情况到现在为止已持续了多久, 对此提问用how long.I have waited for you for two hours. 我已经等你两个小时了.We have known him for ten years. 我们认识他有十年了.since作为介词可接一个时间名词, 该时间名词必须是过去的某一时间点, 表示“自从(过去某一时间点)以来”.The twins have studied in this school since 1996.自从1996年以来, 这对双胞胎一直在这所学校学习.I have stayed here since last spring. 自从去年春天以来, 我一直呆在这里.since作为连词可引导一个时间状语从句, 从句中的动词应该是一般过去时, 指过去的某一动作点, 表示“自从(过去某一动作点)以来”, 因此since从句中的动词一般是短暂性动词.She has been very busy since she came back. 她回来后一直很忙.He has lived with his aunt since his mother died.自从他母亲去世以来, 他就跟他的姑妈住在一起.3）还可以和下列包括“现在” 在内的时间状语连用, 如this morning (afternoon, evening), today, this week (month, year), these days等.We have planted many fruit trees this year.今年我们已经栽了很多果树.She has written two letters this morning.今天上午她已经写了两封信.既然非延续性动词不能表示持续性, 那么可以将该动作改为可持续的状态, 做如下处理:1）He has been back for three days. 他回来已三天了.= He has been back since three days ago.= It’s three days since he came back.= Three days have passed since he came back.= He came back three days ago.2）He has been dead for two years. 他死了两年了.= He has been dead since two years ago.= It’s two years since he died.= He died two years ago.3）He has been away from home for two months. 他离家已有两个月了.= He has been away from home since two months ago.= It’s two months since he left home.= Two months have passed since he left home.= He left home two months ago.4）He has been a soldier for one year. 他参军已有一年了.= He has been a soldier since one year ago.= It’s one year since he joined the army.= One year has passed since he joined the army.= He joined the army one year ago.5）The film has been on for half an hour. 电影开始已经有半个小时了.= The film has been on since half an hour ago.= It’s half an hour since the film began.= Half an hour has passed since the film began.= The film began half an hour ago.[注] It’s… since …句型中的It指的是时间, 可以说It has been … since … , 但习惯上常说It’s … since … .[注]某些非持续性动词用于现在完成时的时候不能接for或since引导的时间状语, 但其现在完成时的否定形式可以表示否定状态的延续, 可以与for或since引导的时间状语两用。
人教版八年级英语下册现在完成时讲解及练习
现在完成时讲解一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)No,主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money(so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has(just/already)come.(含义：郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①f or+时段②s ince+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③s ince+时段+ago④s ince+从句（过去时）●⑤I t is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since1998.四．has gone(to),has been(to),has been(in)的区别Have/Has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？H e has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months./sin ce two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:*以already,just和yet为标志He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。
英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时精品课件
Present perfect tense 现在完成时
have/has + 过去分词
表示过去发生的某一动作 对现在造成的影响或产生 的结果.现在完成时这一时 态强调是过去动作与现在 的联系,也就是强调现在的 影响和结果.
I lived there 2 years ago
自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two
years since my brother joined the army.
for和since的运用 for “经历(时间段)” since “自从… 以来”
for＋时间段
since＋时间段 ＋ago
since＋时间点
since＋从句
④ close → be closed open → be open The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _____ ____ for ________. 2) The door opened at six in the morning. The door _____ ____ ____ for
be a borrow
keep
❖ Leave/ move
be away / be out
❖ buy
have open
be open
❖ join
be in/a member of
❖ start/begin be on finish/ end
be over
❖ catch a cold
have a cold get up be up
__________.
③ become → be I became a teacher in 2000. I __________ a teacher for___________. 2) The river became dirty last year. The river ____ ___ dirty for ____ _____.
人教英语八年级下册Unit10现在完成时 (共31张PPT)
They haven’t seen each other for ages. (√)
四、短暂性(短语)动词与延续性(短语)动词 和与表示状态的短语之间的转化
2. 在现在完成时中，含有for和since的句子可以 相互转换。eg：
They have lived here for five years.
=They have lived here since five years ago. 3. 在现在完成时中，表示短暂意义的动词(eg. come和see)在肯定句和一般疑问句中不能和表
borrow/lend — keep
4.我能借用一下你的面包机吗？ Could I borrowyour bread maker , please? 5.他昨天把他的玩具借给了一个小朋友玩。 He lent his toy to a little boy to play yesterday. 6.这本字典你借多久了？ How long have you keepthis book?
9.-他还在眉山吗？ -不，他已经搬到北京去了。他搬去那儿已经有半年了。 -Is he still in Meishan? -No. He has already moved to Beijing. He has been there for half a year/ since half a year ago.
7. —Amy, can we give away these soft
toys? We ________ them for many
years.
八年级下册现在完成时讲解与练习ppt课件
3. Mum’s cooked the dinner.
. Who has cooked the dinner?
4. Susan’s learned English at school.
Where has Susan learned English?
（for+表示一段时间的词组，since+表示过去某一时刻的词或词
动词填空：
1._H__a_v_e__ you __c_l_e_a_n_e_d____(clean) the room? Yes, we__h__a_v_e__d_o_n_e___(do) that already. When __d_id____ you __d_o___(do) it? We __d_id____(do) it an hour ago.
把下列句子改为一般疑问句
• I’ve already had dinner. Have you already had dinner?
2. He has just finished his homework. Has he just finished his homework?
3. Mum’s cooked the dinner. Has mum cooked the dinner?
常见的--begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等
八年级下英语--现在完成时语法讲解
八年级下册必考知识点---现在完成时现在完成时（I）语法知识定义：（1）表示过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这个影响和结果对现在还必须存在.常与already(已经), yet(已经,还), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)，never 等词连用.常用于肯定句或疑问句（均表示：已经）.常用于否定句(表示：还、尚),疑问句末尾（表示：已经）.现在完成时的构成及句型结构：（注：过去分词的变化分规则变化与不规则变化，规则变化与动词原形变过去式一样，不规则变化见教材最后面）1.肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他+时间.eg: I have already lost the key. 我已经弄丢了钥匙. (我现在没有钥匙) He has ever read that book . 他曾经看过这本书. (了解书的内容)They have just cleaned their hands. 他们刚刚洗过手了. (手是干净的)2.否定句：主语+haven’t/ hasn’t+过去分词+其他+时间.eg: I haven’t lost the key yet.He hasn’t ever read that book .They haven’t just cleaned their hands.3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间？肯定回答：Yes, 主语+have/ has. 否定回答：No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t. eg: Have you already lost the key? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he ever read the book? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.Have they just cleaned their hands? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间？eg: What have you already done? （done是do/does的过去分词）What has he ever done?What have they just done?定义：(2)现在完成时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态。
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考点一总结分析：现在完成时常与already, yet, ever, never, just, before, for, since 连用( ) 1. The evening party _________. Lucy is a little late.A. just beganB. just has begunC. has begun just nowD. has just begun( ) 2. Mr Smith _________ to American 20 years ago and has been here _______.A. has gone, since thenB. went, from thenC. has gone, since everD. came, ever since ( ) 3. I ___________ letters from my father for a long time.A. have not receivedB. not have receivedC. have received notD. didn’t receive ( ) 4. Last week John _________ his leg.A. hurtB. has hurtC. hurtsD. was hurting( ) 5. I ______ him since I began to live in the city.A. knowB. have knownC. knew( ) 6. Have you received a letter from Jim _______ ?A. yetB. justC. neverD. ever( ) 7. Ann has gone to Shanghai. So ________ her parents.A. doB. haveC. didD. had( ) 8. I ________ at this school since 1999.A. have beenB. wasC. amD. be( ) 9. I ________ a book a week ago , but I _______ already ______ it.A. bought, lostB. have bought, have lostC. bought, have lostD. have bought, lost ( ) 10. Meimei is here, but her sister hasn’t come _________.A. stillB. beforeC. yetD. already考点二总结分析：have been to & have gone to & have been in( ) 1. Have you _________ to America?A. goneB. ever beenC. ever goneD. never been( ) 2. Where have you _________?A. beenB. goneC. wentD. going( ) 3. How long has Lucy ________ at this school?A. comeB. goneC. beenD. arrived( ) 4. Mr Thomas ________ China for several years.A. has been toB. has been inC. has come inD. came( ) 5. Miss Gao isn’t here. She _________ to the station to meet Mr Brown.A. wentB. has goneC. has beenD. would go考点三总结分析：since+时间点；for+时间段；since& for不与瞬间动词连用用for或since填空1.He’s been waiting for you _____ two hours.2.Sarah has been living here _____ 19963.The baby has been sleeping _____ 2:00 a.m.4.I’ve been staying in New York _____ two weeks.5.Kate has been studying Japanese _____ he was twelve.6.I slept only _____ two hours last night. I am tired.7.She has done her homework ______________two hours.8. He has been reading the book ______________three hours.9.How long has David been a teacher? _________two years.10.I’ve been practicing the piano__________10:30.11.Marie has been running________15minutes.12.Sarah has been sleeping_________9:00.13.Dale has been talking on the phone __________five minutes.14.Louie has been studying __________he was six years old.15.I’ve been watching you ____________ten minutes.16.The Lin family has been living in the neighborhood ___________August.( ) 1. I have been a teacher _________ 2001. A. since B. for C. after D. before( ) 2. They have lived here ___________.A. since six years agoB. in 1989C. ten years agoD. last year.( ) 3. We have lived here _________ five years ago.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. after( ) 4. The old man died ___________.A. for a few yearsB. since a few yearsC. a few years agoD. for a few years ago ( ) 5 He has lived in Fuzhou _________ 20 years.A. sinceB. forC. inD. of( ) 6. His grandfather ________ for two weeks.A. has diedB. diedC. has been deadD. was dead( ) 7. It’s three years _________ we left school.A. forB. sinceC. whenD. while( ) 8.My friend has worked in that hospital ________.A. since it openedB. for it openedC. since it opensD. since it open ( ) 9. They have ______ since the factory opened.A. left the schoolB. joined the teamC. become a workerD. worked here ( ) 10. Lin Tao has been to the farm, and _________.A. his sister has soB. so has his sisterC. so his sister hasD. has his sister so ( ) 11. ---- Have you _________ to Hainan? ----- Yes, I ____________ there last spring.A. been/ have beenB. gone/wentC. gone/ have beenD. been/ went( ) 12. Her mother _________ since she was a child.A. has diedB. has been deadC. diedD. was dead( ) 13. The bus ________ here for half an hour.A. has comeB. has beenC. has arrivedD. has stopped( ) 14. My brother ________ the colour TV for ten years.A. have boughtB. have hadC. has boughtD. has had( ) 15. How many days have you _________ the book?A. borrowedB. lendC. keptD. lent( ) 16. It ________ ten years since they _________ to France.A.was/ movedB. was/ have movedC. is/ have movedD. is/ moved拓展练习题：1．我来汕头已有六年了。
I _____________________ since six years ago.2．LUCY买了这本书已有两个星期了。
Lucy_______ ________ the book ________ two years. 3．火车离开半个小时了。
The train _________________________ for _________.4．你读过这本书吗？读过。
什么时候读的？去年。
_______ you _______ the book? Yes, I _______.When _______you _________ it? Last year.5．电影已经开始一个半小时了。