同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语
Unit4SectionⅢGrammar——不定式作定语和状语
英语课件
栏栏目目导导航航
②主谓关系： Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboat(登上救 生艇)． ③修饰性关系：不定式前的名词是它修饰的对象，它所修饰的词 多为抽象名词。 need, time, way, right, chance, courage, reason, wish, movement... There is no need for him to come. He has no time to read the book.
Unit 4 Space Exploration
Section Ⅲ Grammar——不定式作定语和状语
英语课件
栏栏目目导导航航
突破 语法大冲关
英语课件
栏栏目目导导航航
不定式作定语和状语 不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，有时 to 可以省略，其否定形式 是“not to do”。不定式没有人称和数的变化，但有时态、语态的变化。 不定式不能作谓语，但可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补语。 本单元主要讲述不定式作定语和状语的用法。
[提示] (1)不定式作定语需要后置。
英语课件
栏栏目目导导航航
(2)作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词或代词存在着三种主要的逻 辑关系，即被修饰的名词和代词是不定式的逻辑主语(逻辑上的主谓 关系)或逻辑宾语(逻辑上的动宾关系)或修饰性关系(同位关系)。
①动宾关系： I have a lot of work to do(要做)． Give me a piece of paper to write on(写)．
英语课件
栏栏目目导导航航
“ Globally ， there is so much 5.________(do) ． I'm hoping 6.________(go) somewhere and experience something I wouldn't get at home，”a student who intended 7.________(study) abroad said.
新人教版高中英语必修三U4语法 不定式作定语和状语
必修三U4语法不定式作定语和状语一、不定式作定语观察I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.我借了一些我假期期间要读的书。
He is always the first to arrive at school and the last to leave他总是第一个到校,最后一个离开。
The best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.增强意志力的最好方法就是让它成为一种习惯。
归纳1.不定式作定语,修饰名词或代词,通常要放在这些被修饰的词①_______。
2.用不定式作定语的几种情况:(1)不定式作定语可以表示②_______的动作;(2)当中心词为序数词、形容词最高级、the last、the only等词或中心词被这类词修饰时,常用不定式作定语;(3)被修饰词是③_______名词时,常用不定式作定语。
常见的该类名词有:way、time、reason、plan、ability、chance、opportunity、freedom、need、right、wish、desire、excuse、promise、attempt等;(4)不定代词something、nothing等后面也常用不定式作定语。
名师点睛1.作定语的不定式若为不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时,其后须加上适当的介词。
I am looking for a room to live in我正在找一间屋子住。
2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。
Do you have anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗?(“寄”这一动作的执行者是“你”)Do you have anything to be sent?你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(“寄”这一动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)二、不定式作状语(一)作目的状语观察To avoid any delay,please phone directly.为避免任何延误，请直接打电话。
人教版(新教材)必修第三册unit4重点句式和语法讲解
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION本单元句法1.Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment,but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备,还要进行大量的心理和体能训练。
【句式剖析】句型not only...but also...是并列连词,在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分,着重强调后者,also可以省略。
【句式拓展】(1)not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分,着重强调后者。
(2)可连接两个并列的句子。
若not only位于句首时, not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致。
so as to (do sth)为了;以便【词汇拓展】(1)so as to=in order to,但so as to一般不用在句首。
(2)in order to和so as to引导的目的状语可转换为so that或in order that 引导的目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词。
He bought an iPad so as to/in order to surf the Internet.=He bought an iPad in order that/so that he could surf the Internet.为了上网,他买了一个iPad。
make sb do sth使某人做某事be made to do sth被迫做某事The boss made them do very heavy work.老板让他们干很重的工作。
They were made to do very heavy work.他们被迫干很重的工作。
09必修三Unit4语法语法不定式作定语和状语
09 必修三Unit 4 语法：语法精讲精练不定式作定语和状语一、动词不定式的形式动词不定式的形式是to＋原形动词。
在某些情况下to可省略。
1. 动词不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。
The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important.将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。
The airport to be pleted next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年将要完工的机场将有助于促进这一地区旅游业的发展。
His wish to have a TV set of his own will e true.她想拥有一台自己的电视的希望将会变成现实。
2. 动词不定式(短语)作定语时，一般情况下会将其置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
(1)主谓关系被修饰词是动词不定式动作的发出者。
此时被修饰词通常由only, very, next, last，序数词或者形容词的最高级修饰。
The future to greet us will be very bright.迎接我们的未来会十分美好。
He’s always the first person of the team to put the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
(2)动宾关系被修饰词是动词不定式动作的承受者。
此时需要注意，如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应接必要的介词。
The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve.老师给我们留了许多道题去解答。
He can find no one to make friends with.他找不到可交朋友的人。
Mr Brown has something important to deal with at present.目前布朗先生有重要的事情要处理。
(新教材)人教版 2019 高中英语必修三 第四单元(知识点总结全)
Unit 4 Space Exploration 一、常见短语fight的常见短语fight against 为反对…而斗争与...战斗fight with 与…并肩战斗同…作斗争fight for 为争取…而战provide的常见短语provide for 供养为…作准备提供provide sb with sth 提供某人某物provide sth for sb 提供某人某物result的常见短语result in 导致造成result from 由…造成as a result 结果因此as a result of 作为...的结果由于run的常见短语run out 用完耗尽run out of 用光用完run across 偶然遇见(或看到) run after 追逐run away 逃跑跑掉carry的常见短语carry on 继续做坚持做carry on (with) sth 继续某事carry on doing sth 继续做某事carry的常见短语carry out 落实执行实施履行完成(任务) carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关carry sth through 成功完成某事战胜病魔二、易混词辨析三、常见句型与表达1. “not only…but also…”结构的用法①语法功能：连接平行结构——名词、代词、动词、非谓语动词、介词短语、句子等。
He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.他不仅读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。
②主谓一致：其连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近原则”。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但同学们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
③倒装: not only...but also...连接并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句要部分倒装。
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4 Space Exploration单元语法讲解及试题
Unit4 Space Exploration重点1动词不定式作定语教材原句①... on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.······1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
（不定式短语to enter space作定语，修饰the first person）［P40］②However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
（不定式短语to explore the universe 作后置定语，修饰desire）［P41］不定式作定语一般情况下置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
①主谓关系被修饰词是不定式动作的发出者。
He's always the first person of the team to put forward the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
2动宾关系被修饰词是不定式动作的承受者。
She looked for some interesting novels to read.她找了一些有趣的小说来读。
特别注意当“不及物动词的不定式＋介词”作定语时，该短语与其所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，此处的介词不可省略。
He can find no one to talk with.他找不到可以交谈的人。
③部分抽象名词后常接不定式作后置定语。
高中英语新人教版必修第三册Unit4SpaceExplorationDiscoveringUsefu
Unit 4 Space ExplorationDiscovering Useful Structures动词不定式作定语和状语1. Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.2. On 12 April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. 分析上面的句子: 句1和句 2中黑体部分是动词不定式作定语; 句3中黑体部分是动词不定式作状语。
一、动词不定式作定语1. 动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语, 表示尚未发生的动作。
*Let us give him something to eat.让我们给他一些吃的东西。
*We have much homework to do tonight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。
2. 名词前有first, last, next, only等词以及最高级修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。
*She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。
3. 抽象名词attempt, ability, chance, desire, determination, decision, plan, way 或不定代词something, nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。
*But Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.但是詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
高中英语新人教版必修三Unit 3- 4语法汇总
高中英语必修三语法汇总Unit 3：省略结构精讲为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句子中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。
按照省略的部分可分为句子成分的省略和词的省略。
1.动词不定式中的省略动词不定式中的省略现象可分为两种情况：一是动词不定式符号to后的动词部分的省略;二是动词不定式符号to的省略。
(1)省略动词不定式符号to的情况①两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and,or, than, but连接时,从第二个不定式起,往往省略不定式符号to。
但如果强调对比之意时不能省略。
*Sh e’d like totake off her coat and have a break.她想脱下外套休息一会儿。
*It’s moredifficult to do than to say.做比说难(强调语意前后对比)。
③在why或whynot引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中。
*Why get soexcited? 为什么变得那么激动?②动词不定式作感官动词feel,see, notice, watch, find, hear, listen to, observe和使役动词have,make, let等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to省略。
如果这些动词用于被动语态,其后的动词不定式符号to不能省略(但let除外)。
*We often hear himsing the song at home.→He is often heardto sing the song at home.我们经常听到他在家唱这首歌。
【名师点津】but, except作介词,后接动词不定式。
如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么这些介词后的不定式不带to,反之则要带to。
*She could donothing but cry.她除了哭什么也做不了。
*He has no choicebut to leave.他别无选择只有离开。
2019新人教高一英语必修三unit4 Discovering Useful Structures(动词不定式做定语和状语 )
3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to
get a related college degree. 结果状语
4. Some scientists were determined to help 定语 humans realise their dream to explore space.
2. 不定式还常用在too ... to结构、enough及 only等后面作状语，表示结果。如： The box is too small to hold all these things． I walked all the way from home to the library, only to find it closed.
5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the
first person in the world to go into space. 定语
Rewrite the sentences using infinitives or “in order to\so as to+do”. Change the italicised parts accordingly.
的工作。
3. 名词前有first, last, next, only等词以及 最高级修饰时, 其后要用动词不定式。
如：She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。
The nine-year-old boy was the only one to have survived the crash.
人教版高中英语必修三unit 4 space exploration 语法动词不定式作状语和定语
说明产生这种情绪的原因
(3) 作原因状语。
②常用结构：主语(物)＋系动词＋形容词＋to do
用法3
例：The morning air is so good to breathe that he gets up early every day.
解析：不定式表示意料之外的结果，和only连用。
3. He felt only too pleased to hear (hear) ：不定式在句中作原因状语，用于结构：主语(人)＋系动 词＋形容词/过去分词＋to do。
不定式作定语
意义
不定式及其短语作定语，一般都放在被修饰的词 之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可以表 示某一过去的特定动作。
主动形式表示被动意义
(4) 作方式状语：主要用于as if to do sth结构
例：1. He opened his mouth as if to say something. 2. She lifts his hand as if to lead him somewhere.
用法4
考点追击
语法填空。
解析：中心词被序数词the first修饰，且get与中心词之间为逻辑 上的主谓关系，用不定式作定语。
3. Let’s find a clean room to put our luggage in .
解析：不定式在句中作定语，修饰room，put为不及物动词，后 面要加介词。构成短语put sth. in somewhere。
(1) 常表示将来的动作
例：1. I’d like to have a few books to read during the trip. 我想有几本书在旅途中阅读。
高中英语人教版2020版必修三Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures
*He rushed back, only to find the book missing. 他冲了回来, 却发现书不见了。 * She is so prou 她太骄傲了, 看不起别人。
4. 独立动词不定式多用作插入语, 表示说话人的心理 状态或对事情的看法。 *I’d like to stay healthy, but to be honest, I only eat food that tastes good. 我想保持健康, 但说实话, 我只吃味道好的食物。
(3)He hurried to the station only _to__f_in_d_(find) the train had left. 世纪金榜导学号 (4)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)We travel on Day 2 to northern France _to__v_is_i_t(visit) the World War Ⅰ battlefields. (5)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad _t_o_f_in_d_(find) them alive.
【名师点津】不定式作目的状语 (1)不定式作目的状语时, 其动作通常迟于谓语动词的 动作。
*I said that to encourage him. 我这么说是为了鼓励他。
(2)置于句首时只用to do / in order to do。如用于表示 否定, in order 或 so as不能省略, 用 in order not to do 或 so as not to do形式。 *I walked quietly so as not to disturb the baby. 我安静地走路, 以免打扰婴儿。
【课件】Unit 4 不定式作定语和状语课件-人教版(2019)必修第三册
例：I said that to encourage him.
Inifitive as adverbial
2. 目的状语：置于句首时只用to do/in order to do.如用于 表示否定，in order或so as不能省略，用in order not to do或so as not to do形式。
Period 4: Discovering Useful Structures
Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to
1. identify the uses of infinitives as adverbials and attributes 2. use infinitives to describe space facts and efforts to explore space 3. make use of infinitives as adverbials and attributes in specific situations
Definition of infinitives：
不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成，没有 人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。
但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、 宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。
Activity 1
Look at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions and meanings.
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同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语
必修一Welcome Unit：句子成分和基本句型
必修一Unit 1：名词 / 形容词 / 副词短语
必修一Unit 2：现在进行时表将来等
必修一Unit 3：反意疑问句
必修一Unit 4：限制性定语从句
必修一Unit 5："关系副词"及“介词+关系代词”
必修二Unit 1：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
必修二Unit 2：现在进行时的被动语态
必修二Unit 3：现在完成时的被动语态
必修二Unit 4：过去分词作定语和宾补
必修二Unit 5：过去分词作表语和状语
必修三Unit 1：动词-ing形式作定语和表语
必修三Unit 2：动词-ing形式作状语和宾补
必修三Unit 3：省略
必修三Unit 4：动词不定式作定语和状语
动词不定式作定语和状语
【巩固练习】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
2.The best way __________ (improve) your English is to join an English club.
3.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream________（explore）space.
4.—The last one________（ arrive ）pays the
meal. —Agreed!
5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________（go） into space.
6.With the world changing fast, we have something new________（deal ）with all by ourselves every day.
7.A group of young people got together ________
（ discuss） this question.
8.First of all, you must be intelligent enough________（ get） a related college degree.
9.He got up late and hurried to his office,________（leave）the breakfast untouched.
10.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only______ （ find）it didn’t fit.
11.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad ______(find) them alive.
12.The question was very difficult ________（answer）.
13.The box is light enough ________（ carry）.
14._________(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 15.________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
【参考答案】
1. to be completed
2. to improve
3. to explore
4. toarrive
5. to go
6. to deal
7. to discuss
8. to get 9 . leaving 10. to find 11. to find 12. to answer 13. to carry 14. To work out 15. To learn。