咪唑啉缓蚀剂的研究资料

摘要

在许多化工生产中都要用到盐酸，或含氯化合物在适当的条件下也会生成盐酸，因此盐酸对化工设备引起的腐蚀是严重的、常见的。阻止金属腐蚀的方法有很多种，但有机缓蚀剂在抑制金属腐蚀上具有经济、高效、环保等优点，被广泛应用于化学清洗、工业用水、机械设备等工业领域，并成为工业生产中不可缺少的防腐蚀材料。大多数有机缓蚀剂为吸附型缓蚀剂，它们会在金属表面吸附时会形成保护膜，可阻碍腐蚀介质与金属表面的接触，从而达到减缓金属腐蚀的目的。然而，有关缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理仍需深入研究，以期为设计开发新型缓蚀剂提供理论指导。

本论文以油酸咪唑啉为缓蚀剂，盐酸为腐蚀剂，研究碳钢在不同条件下制备的油酸咪唑啉中的腐蚀效果。同样的钢片在缓蚀剂中，改变条件，诸如：反应温度、缓蚀剂浓度、腐蚀剂浓度等，可以测出缓蚀剂能发挥出更好的缓蚀效果的条件，以帮助工业生产节约更多的缓蚀剂购买费用以及设备保养、维修费用。

经实验测定，合成咪唑啉缓蚀剂的最佳操作条件为反应温度150℃，反应时间2.5小时，胺酸比1.2:1。测定咪唑啉缓蚀剂缓蚀效果的条件为在pH值为6的水中，缓蚀剂加入量20mg/L，最大缓蚀率可达91.86%。在柴油中添加油溶性咪唑啉20mg/L时，最大缓蚀率为94.78%。

关键词：咪唑啉；腐蚀速度；缓蚀率

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Abstract

Hydrochloric acid was used in many chemical productions. Or chlorine- containing compound under the properly conditions will generate hydrochloric acid. So, the corrosion of chemical equipment caused by hydrochloric acid is serious, common. There are many ways to prevent metal from corrosion, but as an economic and effective technique to inhibit corrosion, organic corrosion inhibitor has been widely applied in various industrial departments, such as chemical cleaning, industrial water, mechanical equipment, which has become an indispensable industrial anti- corrosion material. Most organic corrosion can adsorb onto the metal surface and form a protective film, which block corrosive medium diffusion to metal surface, and thus slow down corrosion rate. However, the inhibition mechanism of inhibitor is still need to further research in order to guide designing newly-type inhibitor.

In this paper, Oleic acid imidazoline is used to as a corrosion inhibitor and hydrochloric acid as etchant to make a study of carbon steel in oleic imidazoline corrosion the corrosion effectiveness which is prepared under the different conditions. At the same time, change the reaction conditions, such as: reaction temperature, concentration of the inhibitor, concentration of the etchant, and so on. This will help measure the inhibitors under which conditions can play a better inhibition effectiveness. In order to help industrial production to save more puechase costs of the inhibitor and the maintenance, maintenance costs of the equipment.

The result shows that the best operating conditions of prepared imidazoline are the ratio of amic amine to oleic acid is 1.2:1, the reaction temperature is 150℃, the reaction time is 2.5h from the experiment. Determination of the inhibition efficiency for imidazoline corrosion inhibitors at pH 6 in water, corrosion inhibitor dosage 20mg/ L, the maximum inhibition efficiency can be achieved 91.86%. Added to the diesel oil-soluble imidazoline 20mg/L, the maximum inhibition efficiency can be achieved 94.78%.

Keywords: Imidazoline; Corrosion velocity; Inhibition efficiency

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