基于51单片机的声控和光控路灯的设计

毕业论文

声控和光控路灯的设计

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姓名

指导教师

摘要

随着科技的飞速发展，自动化已经运用在了生活中的方方面面，而路灯就是一个很好的例子。如何能够利用51单片机作为中央处理器实现路灯的节能是本设计的主要内容。通过书本知识学习、指导老师的辅导以及资料文献的查阅，确定51单片机为主要芯片，然后因为要实现声光控功能，那就必须使用到光敏电阻和驻极体话筒电阻来实现光和声音转换为电信号，利用单片机最小系统模块、声控模块、光控模块等几大模块为主的硬件来实现本次设计。本设计分别通过利用声控和光控模块的驻极体话筒和光敏电阻将声音信号和光信号通过转换为51单片机能够识别的电信号来实现声光控功能。通过运用所学知识和必要绘图仿真编程软件绘制出系统原理图、整体电路图、程序流程图，完成系统电路设计、光敏传感器模电变换设计、声控整流滤波放大并进行程序编写、仿真、硬件调试等，终于设计实现了利用51单片机使白天由光控电路起作用控制灯不亮，晚上由声控电路起作用控制开关闭合灯亮，并且延时一段时间熄灭。从而达到节能环保的目的，最终达到本次论文的要求。

关键词：51单片机光控电路声控电路光敏电阻驻极体话筒

Design Of Acoustic And Electric Lamp

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of science and technology, automation has been used in every aspect of life, but the street is a good example of. How to realize the energy saving lamp as the central processor is the main content of this design using 51 single-chip microcomputer. Through the book knowledge learning, teacher's guidance and literature data access, to determine the 51 microcontroller as the main chip, then because of the need to achieve sound and light control function, it must use the photosensitive resistance and the electret microphone resistance to realize the conversion of light and sound into electrical signals, use the MCU minimum system module, voice module, optical module several modules of hardware to implement the design. The design of sound and light control module respectively through the electret microphone and photosensitive resistance will sound signals and optical signals are converted to electrical signals by 51 single chip computer can recognize to achieve sound and light control function. Through the use of drawing the system principle diagram, the whole circuit diagram, program flow chart of the knowledge and the necessary graphics simulation software, complete the system circuit design, mold design, the photosensitive sensor electric transform voice rectifier filter amplifier and programming, simulation,

hardware debugging, finally designed and implemented by using 51 single chip computer that day by the light control circuit function control light does not shine, the night by the sound control circuit function control switch lights, and a delay time out. So as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection, ultimately achieve the requirements.

Keywords: 51 Singlechip Light-operated circuit Sound-control circuit photoresistor Electret microphone

目录

第一章绪论

1.1论文选题的目的和意义 (1)

1.2国内外关于该论题的研究现状和发展趋势 (1)

第二章论文设计概述

2.1 论文主要要求 (3)

2.2论文设计思路及说明 (3)

2.3论文设计方案 (3)

2.4方案选择 (4)

第三章系统硬件设计

3.1 AT89C52 (5)

3.2单片机的原理 (5)

3.3驻极体话筒 (7)

3.4光敏电阻 (8)

3.5 双电压比较集成器LM393 (9)

3.6系统主要模块介绍： (11)

3.6.1 光控电路模块 (11)

3.6.2 声控电路模块 (12)

3.6.3 串口通信模块 (12)

3.6.4 电源电路模块 (12)

3.6.5 复位电路模块 (12)

3.6.6 时钟电路模块 (12)

第四章系统电路设计

4.1系统工作原理方框图 (16)

4.2 51单片机系统及功能实现 (17)

4.3整个系统的电路原理图 (17)

4.4主要部分功能介绍 (17)

4.4.1 光控电路 (18)

4.4.2 声控部分 (19)

第五章系统程序设计

5.1程序设计流程图 (20)

5.2单片机控制程序 (21)

5.3 系统电路设计 (19)

第六章调试仿真

6.1系统两大模块说明 (22)

6.1.1声控部分 (22)