上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习

上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习【考点讲解】一、肯定句改为否定句在做此类题时，通常在系动词、助动词和情态动词后加not(n't)。

如果句中没有这些词，则根据谓语动词的原形、第三人称单数动词形式或过去式而分别在其前面加do not(don't),does not(doesn't)或did not(didn't),并将第三人称单数动词形式或过去式改为原形。

如：We can finish the work this afternoon.→We can't finish the work this aft ernoon.They put the basket under the tree just now.→They didn't put the basket under the tree just now.注意：1.当think,believe,suppose等动词后面跟宾语从句时，通常用否定主句谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。

如：I think they can come tonight.→I don't think they can come tonight.2.当must表示推测，表示“一定；肯定”的含义时，否定句应用can't。

如：He must be in the room.→He can't be in the room.二、陈述句改为疑问句陈述句改为疑问句一般有三种情况：一是改为一般疑问句，二是改为反意疑问句。

如:1.The students had learned about1,000English words by the end of last t erm.（改为一般疑问句）2．利用从句改写即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。

如：1.The man is talking with a lady.He gave us a talk last week.The man_________gave us a talk last week__________________with a lady.【答案】who/that;is talking。

定语从句who/that gave us a talk last week修饰先行词the man。

2.He didn’t want to miss the first bus,so he got up early.He got up early__________________he could catch the first bus.【答案】so that。

目的状语从句so that he could catch the first bus说明动词got up early的目的。

3.“Did you sleep well last night?”David asked her.David asked her___________________________well last night.【答案】if/whether she slept。

直接引语转换成间接引语时，如果直接引语是一般疑问句时，连接词要用if或whether，句子保持陈述句的语序。

e on,or we’ll miss the early bus._________we_________hurry,we’ll miss the early bus.【答案】If;don’t。

if引导条件状语从句。

句意为：如果我们还不快一点，我们就赶不上头班车了。

祈使句与条件状语从句的相互转换5.John will go to bed after he finished his homework.John_________to bed_________he finished his homework.【答案】didn’t;until。

not…until表示“直到……才”的意思。

3．利用so do I改写“so＋动词＋主语”结构，表示肯定，译为“某人(物)也如此”。

“neither ／nor＋动词＋主语”结构表示否定，译为“某人(物)也不……”。

这两种结构指前一句所说的情况同样也适合另一个人或物。

转换时应注意四点：1.）动词指助动词、be动词或情态动词；2.）动词在时态上与前句呼应；3.）动词在数上要与本句主语保持一致；4.）表示否定时，neither／nor本身具有否定意义，动词要用肯定形式。

1.Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating,too.Jim w ants to go boating,and__________________his parents.【答案】so do。

主语是复数his parents,时态是一般现在时，助动词do。

1.I like playing tennis.He likes playing tennis,too.I like playing tennis,__________________he.【答案】so does。

主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does。

4．利用连词改写运用关联连词(组)both...and,neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also,as well as等，可将并列句或两个句子合并为一个简单句，注意neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。

1.Lucy can’t sing the English song Yesterday Once More.And Lily can’t sing it,either._________Lucy_________Lily can sing the English song Yesterday On ce More.【答案】Neither;nor。

neither...nor表示“(两者)都不”。

2.My father isn’t a history teacher.My mother isn’t a history teacher,eith er._________my father_________my mother_________a history tea cher.【答案】Neither;nor;is。

neither…nor…作句子的主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与最邻近的那个名词或代词保持数的一致。

2.Alice has seen the film twice.Sandy has seen it twice,too._________Alice_________Sandy have seen the film twice.【答案】Both;and。

both…and表示“(两者)都”。

4.This store sells men’s shoes,and it also sells men’s clothes.This store sells__________________men’s shoes_________________ _men’s clothes.【答案】not only;but also。

not only...but also示“不仅……而且”之意。

5．利用介词短语改写1.We have friends in the whole world.Our friends are__________________the world.【答案】all over。

固定词组all over表示“遍及”之意。

2.It’s a long time since we met last.We haven’t seen each other__________________.【答案】for long。

for long意为“很长一段时间”。

3.He walks to school every day.He goes to school__________________every day.【答案】on foot。

固定词组on foot意为“步行”。

3.Tom had no time for breakfast.He went to school in a hurry.Tom_________to school_________breakfast.【答案】went;without。

介词without有“没有，不(带)”之意。

5.I met one of my friends when I was going to the museum.___________________________to the museum I met an old friend of mine.【答案】On my way。

介词短语on one’s way to…表示“在某人去……的路上意思。

6．利用不定式改写1.The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese Kongfu well. The foreigners want to know__________________learn Chinese Kongf u well.【答案】how to。

不定式与特殊疑问词what,when,where,how,which,whether连用构成不定式复合结构，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。

2.She was so weak that she couldn’t take care of her baby.She was____ _____weak_________take care of her baby.【答案】too;to。

原句意思是：她身体太弱，不能照顾孩子。

too…to…句型表示“太……以致于(不能)……”之意。

3.She seems to be worried now.__________________that she_________worried now.【答案】It seems;is。

固定句型It seems/seemed that sb…可替换成sb seems/seemed to…，表示“某人看起来……”。

4.He was so happy that he couldn’t say a word when he was told the news.He was_________happy_________say a word when he was told the news.【答案】too;to。