上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习

上海中考英语句型转换讲解与练习

【考点讲解】

一、肯定句改为否定句

在做此类题时，通常在系动词、助动词和情态动词后加not(n't)。如果句中没有这些词，则根据谓语动词的原形、第三人称单数动词形式或过去式而分别在其前面加do not(don't),does not(doesn't)或

did not(didn't),并将第三人称单数动词形式或过去式改为原形。如：We can finish the work this afternoon.→We can't finish the work this aft ernoon.

They put the basket under the tree just now.→They didn't put the basket under the tree just now.

注意：

1.当think,believe,suppose等动词后面跟宾语从句时，通常用否定主句谓语动词来达到否定从句谓语动词的目的。如：

I think they can come tonight.→I don't think they can come tonight.

2.当must表示推测，表示“一定；肯定”的含义时，否定句应用can't。如：He must be in the room.→He can't be in the room.

二、陈述句改为疑问句

陈述句改为疑问句一般有三种情况：一是改为一般疑问句，二是改为反意疑问句。如:

1.The students had learned about1,000English words by the end of last t erm.（改为一般疑问句）

2．利用从句改写

即运用关系代词、关系副词或从属连词改写。如：

1.The man is talking with a lady.He gave us a talk last week.

The man_________gave us a talk last week__________________with a lady.

【答案】who/that;is talking。定语从句

who/that gave us a talk last week修饰先行词the man。

2.He didn’t want to miss the first bus,so he got up early.

He got up early__________________he could catch the first bus.

【答案】so that。目的状语从句so that he could catch the first bus说明动词got up early的目的。

3.“Did you sleep well last night?”David asked her.

David asked her___________________________well last night.

【答案】if/whether she slept。直接引语转换成间接引语时，如果直接引语是一般疑问句时，连接词要用if或whether，句子保持陈述句的语序。

e on,or we’ll miss the early bus.

_________we_________hurry,we’ll miss the early bus.

【答案】If;don’t。if引导条件状语从句。句意为：如果我们还不快一点，我们就赶不上头班车了。

祈使句与条件状语从句的相互转换

5.John will go to bed after he finished his homework.

John_________to bed_________he finished his homework.

【答案】didn’t;until。not…until表示“直到……才”的意思。

3．利用so do I改写

“so＋动词＋主语”结构，表示肯定，译为“某人(物)也如此”。“neither ／nor＋动词＋主语”结构表示否定，译为“某人(物)也不……”。这两种结构指前一句所说的情况同样也适合另一个人或物。

转换时应注意四点：1.）动词指助动词、be动词或情态动词；

2.）动词在时态上与前句呼应；

3.）动词在数上要与本句主语保持一致；

4.）表示否定时，neither／nor本身具有否定意义，动词要用肯定形式。

1.Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating,too.Jim w ants to go boating,and__________________his parents.

【答案】so do。主语是复数his parents,时态是一般现在时，助动词do。

1.I like playing tennis.He likes playing tennis,too.

I like playing tennis,__________________he.

【答案】so does。主语是第三人称单数，时态是一般现在时，助动词用does。

4．利用连词改写

运用关联连词

(组)both...and,neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also,as well as等，可将并列句或两个句子合并为一个简单句，注意

neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。

1.Lucy can’t sing the English song Yesterday Once More.And Lily can’t sing it,either.

_________Lucy_________Lily can sing the English song Yesterday On ce More.

【答案】Neither;nor。neither...nor表示“(两者)都不”。

2.My father isn’t a history teacher.My mother isn’t a history teacher,eith er._________my father_________my mother_________a history tea cher.

【答案】Neither;nor;is。neither…nor…作句子的主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，与最邻近的那个名词或代词保持数的一致。

2.Alice has seen the film twice.Sandy has seen it twice,too.________

_Alice_________Sandy have seen the film twice.

【答案】Both;and。both…and表示“(两者)都”。

4.This store sells men’s shoes,and it also sells men’s clothes.

This store sells__________________men’s shoes_________________ _men’s clothes.

【答案】not only;but also。not only...but also示“不仅……而且”之意。5．利用介词短语改写

1.We have friends in the whole world.

Our friends are__________________the world.