2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案

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职称英语考试真题及答案

2016职称英语考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、Have you talked to her?lately?stlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories.A.thirdB.fourthC.tenthD.fifteenth3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth.A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place.A.cleanB.secretC.distantD.safe5、 This table is strongand?durable.A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far reachingD.eternal6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired.A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt.A.resultB.judgementC.estimationD.event8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that cityA.attackedB.surprisedC.attractedD.interested9、 How do you?account for?your absence from the class last Thursday?A.explainB.examineC.chooseD.expand10、 She was?grateful?to him for being so good to her.A.carefulB.hatefulC.beautifulD.thankful11、 The city has decided to?do away with?all the old buildings in its center.A.get rid ofB.set upC.repairD.paint12、 People from many places were?drawn?to the city by its growing economy.A.fetchedB.carriedC.attractedD.pushed13、 He is?certain?that the dictionary is just what I want.A.sureB.angryC.doubtfulD.worried14、 Our lives are?intimately?bound up with theirs.A.tenselyB.nearlyC.carefullyD.closely15、The soldier?displayed?remarkable courage in the battle.A.placedB.showedC.pointedD.decided第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信患，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案

I. Vocabulary(20 points)1.Within days he became paralyzed, and people feared that he might die. But he _________.a. absorbedb. dissolvedc. discoveredd. recovered2. Tilden, the other presidential ______, actually received more votes.a. advocateb. candidatec. sponsord. opponent3. An Olympic runner wins a _______.a. medalb. modelc. modled. modest4. To find out how the bees managed to tell time, an unusual experiment was _______ four years ago.a. carried onb. carried awayc. carried outd. carried out5. Every society has its own peculiar custom and _____ of acting.a. waysb. behaviorc. attituded. means6. They ______ their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas.a. modernizeb. supplyc. updated. upgrade7. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.a. all in allb. above allc. after all d over all8. It’s difficult to divine what constitutes an ______ tip in any country.a. appropriateb. thoughtfulc. considerabled. sufficient9. Shipbuilders would not _____ their money unless they knew that they could make a profit.a. investb. invent d. involve d. invite10. At the end of four years, these six extra hours of each year ____ twenty-four hours, or one full day.a. add up tob. make up forc. come up withd. put up with11. Don’t ______ this news to the public until we give you the go-head.a. releaseb. relievec. related. retain12. Earth is one of nine planets which ______ around the sun.a. spinb. rollc. rotated. revolve13. “No sense in you getting us both killed!” I yelled _____ him.a. atb. withc. tod. out14. What you have done is ______ doctor’s orders.a. attached tob. responsible toc. resistant tod. contrary to15. I want to express the _____ of all of us, for this wonderfully warm welcome.a. appreciationb. enjoyment d. evaluation d. reputation16. We hire and ______ people mainly for their ability to do business.a. proceedb. progressc. promised. promote17. According to government mandate in the Lion City, tipping is not ______.a. admittedb. remittedc. permittedd. emitted18. The environmental costs were regarded more as temporary inconveniences than as _____ liability.a. imaginativeb. peculiarc. persistentd. original19. Scientists predict that the world’s known oil resources will _____ early in the next century.a. run offb. run outc. run upd. run over20. Now a person works for a certain amount of money _____ he can pay for food and clothing.a. in caseb. so thatc. as tod. such asII. Grammar (20 points)21. The basic rock material is referred to ______.a. as the matrixb. be the matrixc. by scientist to be the matrixd. as being the matrix22. The oil industry of India ______ two World Wars and withstood the economic, social andpolitical upheavals of a particularly troubled century.a. survivedb. has survivedc. was survived tod. has been surviving23. Although baleen whale may weigh ______ twenty elephants, it feeds on sea plants andanimals.a. so much tob. as much toc. so much asd. as much as24. Man uses the energy for everything from flying to the moon to ______ about it.a. thinkb. thoughtc. thinkingd. will think25. _______ his arms over his head, Lincoln declared he was the “big buck of the lick.”a. Waveb. Wavingc. Wavedd. Been waved26. ______ retire are still able to receive pension that they have paid into the social security systemduring their working days.a. Most peopleb. since most peoplec. Most people ared. Most people who27. The reward was not always given to everyone, nor _____ to those who deserved it most.a. it was not givenb. was givenc. it was not given nord. was not it given28. Between 1890 and 1970 the monetary costs of supplying energy _____ more or less constantor declined.a. to stayb. was stayedc. stayedd. has stayed29. The water ________ Manhattan has been very important to New York.a. surroundb. is surroundedc. surroundingd. surrounded30. The assumption _____ human cloning rests is that all genetic cells contain exact copies of theoriginal set o9f genetic instructions.a. on whichb. on thatc. at whichd. which31. For the creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they ______ between layers of rock foran enormous length of time.a. been imprisonedb. shall be imprisonc. should be imprisond. will be imprisoned32. The gas-oil contact or gas-water contact_____ the lower limit of producible gas.a. isb. arec. wered. has been33. There is also an interest in sea horse, puffers and other salty types with shapes ____ and colors____ than even the showiest of fresh-water fish.a. more strange…more brightb. stranger…. brighterc. stranger… more brighterd. more strange…brighter34. _______ was a planted sapling of the American redwood tree.a. There is one of the giftsb. One of the gifts thatc. That one of the giftsd. One of thegifts35. An air ship _______ by energy from the sun has been suggested.a. poweringb. to powerc. is poweredd. powered36. Most scientists agree _______ was hot for at least a time.a. some of the moon thatb. some of the moon itc. that some of the moond. while some of the moon37. A group of scientists demanded that the federal government ____ all the studies it has founded on cloning.a. revealb. revealedc. is revealingd. must reveal38. _______ hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists.a. If or notb. Whether or notc. have never heard ofd. had never heard of39. It was something we ________.a. never hear ofb. have never heard ofc. never heard ofd. had never heard of40. “Could I borrow your bike?”“Yes, you_________”.a. canb. couldc. mayd. wouldIII. Reading comprehension (30 points)Question 41-44Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s cautious giant, understands all this. When Bill Clinton met Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Abdullah this week, Mr. Clinton argued for an output rise big eno ugh to put an end to these painful prices. Prince Abdullah has promised to “make every effort to ensure equilibrium in the oil markets and to stabilise prices.” This week he revealed that Saudi Arabia has been quietly leaking an extra 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) on to the market since July in an effort to cool prices..If that is true, it just goes to show that managing the oil markets is easier said than done. Despite several Saudi-inspired output increases by the cartel in recent months, the price has remained stubbornly high; this week, it soared to nearly $35 a barrel, the highest since theGulf war in 1990. As the cartel’s oil ministers gather in Vienna on September 10th to hammer out new production quotas, they are once again under intense pressure to release more oil, and fast.To hear OPEC members talk, you might think that serious price relief is on the way. There is discussion of “managing” prices down through a newish price mechanism. At the cartel’s meeting in March, ministers quietly agreed a grand new plan to keep oil within a target band of $22-28 a barrel. If the price of a basket of seven OPEC crudes stays below $22 for 20 trading days, the cartel is supposed to cut production by 500,000 barrels a 0ay. If it stays above $28 for 20 trading days, it will automatically raise production by the same amount. This price band has become the main topic of discussion in advance of the upcoming gathering of ministers. Prince Abdullah even talks of a return to a stable market within months.Oil traders and analysts note that the 20-day limit looks likely to be triggered again this week.A new report by Lehman Brothers, an investment bank, echoes the view of many: “Our expectation is that production will be increased by 500,000 bpd, either through the price mechanism or through a separate agreement.” When it released new figures suggesting that domestic oil-stock levels are lower than previously thought, the American government’s Energy Information Administration added that it too expects an increase of that size. Adding support to this theory are mumblings from OPEC delegates in support of the mechanism.Two decades ago, in the year of the cartel’s 20th birthday celeb rations, ministers gathered in Indonesia to hammer out details of a clever new scheme: a mechanism whereby the price of oil would be fixed, and adjusted every quarter automatically for such factors as inflation and currency fluctuations. Members had agreed on the ambitious plan, except for one crucial detail: at what price to start this price-peg crawling. The cautious Saudis, the self-proclaimed guardians of the oil market, wanted a price below $30 a barrel; the hawks in the cartel, unconcerned about consumers’ pain, demanded a much higher price. The ensuing bickering ensured that the scheme collapsed.History may now be repeating itself. When the current price-stabilization scheme was first unveiled, punters with short memories placed big bets that the cartel would adhere to it. By mid-June, the price basket had sailed past the 20-day upper trigger. But OPEC did not “automatically” release 500,000 barrels. Various confused and contradictory explanations surfaced from ministers, but not the oil. Only at their next officially scheduled meeting did they come upwith a meager quota increase.41. The passage confirms thata. high oil prices can be controlled if OPEC increase oil output.b. Bill Clinton accomplished his mission for the visit to Prince Abdullah.c. Abdullah made all his efforts to control oil price without considering the benefits of his own country.d. managing the oil market is easier said than done.42. How many oil price schemes were recommended by OPEC ministers according to the passage?a. Oneb. Twoc. Threed. Four43. What’s the author’s opinion about Saudi Arabia?a. Saudi Arabia is the largest country among the members of OPEC.b. Saudi Arabia is the most active country in OPEC to control oil prices for the benefit of the rest of the world.c. Saudi Arabia is the guardian of the world oil market.d. Saudi Arabia seems to have strong intention to control the oil prices to a acceptable level, but ittakes actions very carefully for the consideration of its own benefit.44. What can you infer from the passage?a. OPEC is, in the most cases, not reliable.b. all the members of OPEC have the intention to lower oil prices when the prices get very high.c. The oil prices are fully controlled by the market and OPEC can do nothing with them eventhough they wish tod. In most cases OPEC has been very efficient in managing oil prices.Question 45-48The horse preceded man on earth. Although the earliest remains of primitive horses have been found on the North American continent, many scientist believe this small species traveled over a land mass in the Bering Sea to found the beginnings of the modern horse in Asia. It became extinct in America. Other scientists believe that the horse may have originated in Asia. In any event the animal soon spread into China, Europe, and the Middle East. The first modern horses to be introduced into the American continent came with the early Spanish explorers. Horses were bred into many types. The heavy horses developed in the low countries of Europe and were used for Arabian. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are found in Mongolia. Horses are said to rate in intelligence after the ape, elephant, and dog. They have excellent memories and can sometimes find their way home when lost, and sense danger better that their masters. The early civilizations of man that had made use of ht horse developed more rapidly than those which did not.45. Some of the characteristics of the horse are _________a. poor memoriesb. great loyaltyc. more intelligent the dogd. in some areas they can surpass the abilities of man46. The horse originated___________a. in the Middle Eastb. in Europec. on the North American continentd. in Spain47. The primary uses of the horse for early man were ___________a. for foodb. for prestigec. to make moneyd. to work for him48. What can be said about the varieties of horses?a. The early horses were larger than the more modern breeds.b. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are in the Middle East.c. The oldest breed of the modern horse is said to be the Arabian.d. Medieval knights preferred fast, active horses.Questions 49-52Recent intrusions into the lives of public figures have highlighted the lack of laws guarding privacy in Britain. As a result, one issue under discussion as Parliament returns this week is the possible introduction of legislation to curb press powers.The government will probably take no action until it receives a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993. the committee is examining whether the press should be regulated by tougher legislation. It is also considering the ways in which the press has invaded the private lives of the famous.The Calcutt committee has reported once before, in 1990. it recommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, under which the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for a privacy law. It also proposed a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtain information for publication.This proposal, which was not acted upon, would have made it unlawful to photograph people on private property to record their conversations without permission. It would have made it an offence to enter a property to place a bug or obtain personal information.The committee said that the press should be allowed to invade the privacy of a public figure only when it was likely to expose or prevent criminal activity, otherwise his or privacy should be left alone. But a general law protecting privacy was rejected.Since then, reports in some newspapers and magazines about people’s private lives have ignored the committee’s recommendations. The private lives of Government Ministers and members of the Royal Family have featured prominently in the press. Photographs of the Duchess of York Sunbathing in France, for example, have been widely published.Some sections of the media justify their intrusion by saying it is in the public interest. In a democracy, they argue, the public has a right to know what people in positions of power are doing. Politicians and others are accountable for their lives. Privacy laws, these critics say, would protect the privileged.Additionally, many politicians use their private lives to gain popular support, for example by parading their families before cameras to emphasized “traditional value”. Hence, some editors say they are justified in prying into private lives to uncover any faults.Likewise, the Royal Family is supported from public funds, and therefore it is argued that its members should lead responsible private lives.49. Which of the following occurred recently in Britain?a. a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt. B. Intrusion into the lives of public figuresc. Introduction of legislation to cub press powerd. The Government’s action to protect privacy.50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. The press has more freedom to publish privacy of the famous after the foundation of the PressComplaints Commission.b. To photograph public figures on public property is legal.c. A privacy law is unnecessary since the press has the ability to regulate itself.d. The Press Complaints Commission was formed out of the press and thus did something in favorof the press51. What kind of people are likely to appreciate the invasion of their private life?a. The members of Calcutt committeeb. royal familyc. pop starsd. somegovernment leaders52. Which is a lawful purpose for intrusion into privacy?a. To disclose criminal activityb. To be in agreement with Privacy Lawc. To gain popular supportd. To protect the privilegedQuestions 53-56When did sport begin? If sport is, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sprot is much older than humankind for, as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fished and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, trans-generational and trans-species bonds with the universe of animals past present and future. Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh( or so it seems) to the point of delighted exhaust. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently to remove us temporarily form the anguish of life in earnest.Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conception, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Play is release form the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes. The holders of this view claim that origins of our highest accomplishments-liturgy, literature and law-can be traced to play a impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, non-fatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the non-datable, trans-species play impulse.53. The best title for the passage is _________a. Games for Animalsb. The Origins and Meaning of Playc. A Playful View of Modern Philosophyd. The Role of Sport in Child Development54. It seems to the author that young animals play in order to ________a. gain pleasureb. learn specific behavior patternsc. delight their ownersd. exercise their growing muscles55. One may infer from the passage that play is important to adults because it helps them_____a. understand their childrenb. interact more with animals and naturec. channel their creativityd. improve their physical strength56. The word “noble” could best be replace by which of the following?a. snobbishb. wealthyc. royald. admirableQuestion 57-60To ensure similarity in scientific investigation or monitoring, nationally and internationally agreed standards are being introduced. Several systems of documenting experimental methods and procedures are in use today and are becoming increasingly important for indicating data quality and verifying the integrity of studies. One such approach is Good Laboratory Practice which was introduced in 1982 by the Health and Safety Executive to monitor the testing of industrial chemicals. Since 1982 the range of laboratories inspected has been extended to include those working with pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, cosmetics and food additives. Good Laboratory Practice is concerned with the way. laboratory or field studies are planned, monitored, recorded and reported and the conditions under which this occurs. Following the principles of GLP ensures that the studies are properly planned, can be adequately carried out and are fully and accurately reported. As pan ofthe planning, execution and reporting of a study, the various processes carried out are carefully documented as Standard Operating Procedures.The value of long-term observation of environmental factors has only been recognized relatively recently although some monitoring of the environmental factors have been in existence for over a century. The best known long-term study is probably the Broadbalk Experiment at Rothamsted. Broadbalk and the other long-term experiments at Rothamsted and elsewhere are now proving to be extremely valuable by answering questions not considered, nor even conceived, when they were originally set up. Even so they are limited in geographic scope and by the fact that they are confined to one land use category. Current environmental and ecological monitoring networks, while not limited geographically, have in the main been set up to measure just one aspect of the environment. In contrast, the Environmental Change Network (ECN) was set up to give added value to long-term monitoring and data collection by providing a network of sites in different parts of the U.K. and under a variety of land use conditions where comparable long-term data on a wide variety of environmental variables could be recorded.The idea of a network such as ECN was first considered in the mid 1970s but the concept did not reach fruition until 1992. The selection of the initial network of terrestrial sites was based on a range of criteria. One of the most important requirements, given the intended long-term nature of the project, was financial security although consistent quality of research was also required. The project intended that other sites representing more variable climate zones and land use will eventually join the network as funding becomes available.The monitoring carded out at each ECN site covers a range of physical, chemical and biological measurements. Where possible procedures and measurements used by existing national monitoring schemes are employed so that ECN provides an integrating function for the more extensive sectorial networks. Environmental changes due to factors such as climate change are likely to be difficult to identify against the background noise arising from the numerous sources, both natural and man-made, of environmental variability. It is desirable, therefore, to minimize any additional variation due to operator involvement. To this end, and to ensure consistency and repeatability, protocols for each of the key measurements were produced.57. How many experiment(s) was (were) conducted on the monitoring of the environmental factors?a. Unknownb. Twoc. threed. one58. What does the underlined word mean in “One such approach is Good Laboratory Practice which was introduced in 1982 by the Health and Safety Executive to monitor the testing of industrial chemicals?”a. Performanceb. Standardc. Experimentd. Repetition59. Which is the correct description of “ Environment Change Network?”a. It is a network which is expected to provide environmental and ecological data representingmore geographical areasb. It is a current environmental and ecological network to measure only one aspect of theenvironmentc. Environmental Change Network remained functioning until 1992.d. Environmental Change Network was wet up to make long-term monitoring of environmentmore costly60. The passage implies, though it does not explicitly state, that _______ is ( are) the mostpromising approach to the long-term monitoring of environmental factors.a. Broasbalk Experimentb. Good Laboratory Practicec. Environmental Change Networkd. Standard Operating ProceduresCloze (10 points)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They ______ that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the _______ man. But they insisted that its ______ results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the _______of the English population. _______ contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650-1750, when England was still a _______ agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, _____ , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists _______ history and economics, have ______ two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was _______ by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace (平民).61. a. admitted b. believed c. claimed d. predicted62 a. plain b. average c. mean d. normal63. momentary b. prompt c. instant d. immediate64. bulk b. host c. gross d. magnitude65. In b. With c. For d. By66. a. broadly b. thoroughly c. generally d. completely67. a. however b. meanwhile c. therefore d. moreover68. a. at b. in c. about d. for69. a. manifested b. approved c. shown d. speculated70. a. noted b. impressed c. labeled d. markedTranslation (20 points)The chemical industry depends very heavily on petroleum and natural gas as sources of raw materials. It is likely that in excess of 80% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are derived from these sources.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry. As is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types, it must also evolve to meet changing technological and humanitarian needs.The manufacture of chemicals from petroleum and natural gas constituents is an excellent example of the conversion of such materials to more valuable products. The individual chemicals made from petroleum and natural gas numerous and include industrial chemicals, household chemicals and paints, as well as intermediates for the manufacture of products, such as synthetic rubber and plastics.The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that are, essentially, the building blocks of other chemicals industries, is now very extensive.The classification of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate the source of the chemical compounds, but it should be remembered that many common petrochemicals can be made form other sources, and the terminology is therefore a matter of source identification., Petrochemicals are generally chemical compounds derived from petroleum either by direct manufacture or by indirect manufacture as by-products from the variety of processes that are used during the refining of petroleum. Gasoline, fuel oils, lubricating oils, waxes, asphalts, and the like are excluded from the definition of petrochemicals, since they are not, in the true sense, chemical compounds but are in fact intimate mixtures of hydrocarbons.B级The chemical industry depends very heavily on petroleum and natural gas as sources of raw materials. It is likely that in excess of 80% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are derived from these sources.The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry. As is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types, it must also evolve to meet changing technological and humanitarian needs.The manufacture of chemicals from petroleum and natural gas constituents is an excellent example of the conversion of such materials to more valuable products. The individual chemicals made from petroleum and natural gas numerous and include industrial chemicals, household chemicals and paints, as well as intermediates for the manufacture of products, such as synthetic rubber and plastics.The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that are, essentially, the building blocks of other chemicals industries, is now very extensive.解析：I. Vocabulary(20 points)1. a. absorbed (吸收) b. dissolved （分解） c. discovered 发现 d. recovered 恢复（健康）2. a. advocate 鼓吹者 b. candidate候选人 c. sponsor 发起者 d. opponent 对手3. a. medal 奖牌 b. model 模特 c. modle （无此词） d. modest 和善的4.a. carried on 继续 b. carried away 得意忘形 c. carried out 执行d. carried over继续下去；使继续下去(2) 把…争取到自己这边来5. a. ways 方式（ways of acting=behavior 行为方式，整个短语等同于behaviour, 因此若用behavior就不能再出现acting，这两个词同义） b. behavior 行为 c. attitude 态度 d. means 手段，方法6. 在信息时代，他们时刻更新知识。

【推荐下载】中石油职称英语试题-范文word版 (2页)

【推荐下载】中石油职称英语试题-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==中石油职称英语试题中石油职称英语试题I. VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completesthe sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. We go out for dinner a couple of times a month. Sometimes we__ a movie.(28)A. take inB. keep downC. take overD. take after2. The modern 7-inch long pencil can draw a line 35 miles in__(44)A. gapB. intervalC. lengthD. distance3. A university is an educational institution which awardsdegrees and __ research.A. carries outB. carries offC. carries aboutD. carries for4. The captain of the ship __ the passengers that there was no danger.A. confinedB. insistedC. ensuredD. assured5. The speaker is the person who __ a speech transaction.(9)A. initialB. initiatesC. initiativesD. initiation6. Never one to __ second best, John tried his best to solve the problem.A. admitB. acceptC. convinceD. receive7. The Atlantic hydrographic chart is being __ continuously; even as we speak submarines are charting the Arctic basin under theice.(55)A. rehearsedB. revisedC. renewedD. retiled8. The suppliers undoubtedly will get rich at the ___ of the customers.(45)A. expanseB. spendC. warrantD. expense9. When all the present oilfields are__ , its is possible thatthe North Pole may become the scene of oil activity.(46)A. exhibitedB. exhaustedC. exploitedD. exposed10. The man __ that most poets and scientists are male.A. deal withB. point outC. hold upD. hand on。

2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》_第1-10课课后练习及答案

2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试课后练习及答案目录1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (2)2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013版) (2)3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的... . (4)4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013版) (5)5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料（2010版） (7)6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版) (9)7 OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条（2007版） (11)8 THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (13)9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成（2016版新增） (16)10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (16)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增）课后练习：1.If you are asked to chair【主持，椅子】a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting ____.A. treatmentB.requirementC.managementD.improvement2.If you begin on time, group members who ____ late will realize the value of time.A.bring upe upC.dress upD.show up3. You may need to refer back to【查阅，重新提及】an issue ____ was discussed during the meeting at a later date.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.where4. ____, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than【而不是】really listening to other people.A.TraditionallyB.AdditionallyC.ConditionallyD.Exceptionlly5.Many times important issues can get sidetracked【转变话题的】in a meeting, _____ when everyone has a different opinion about the topic.A.essentiallyB.entirellyC.extremelyD.especially6. If you ____ a conflict【冲突】prior to【在……之前】the meeting, discuss the issue with participants【参与者】in advance【提前】.A.anticipateB.participateC.preserveD.announce7. If an unanticipated【不曾预料到的】conflict develops once the meeting is in progress 【进行中】, either appoint a subcommittee【小组委员会】to ____ the problemA.look intoB.look onC. look overD.look through答案：1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6A 7A2. Network Security 网络安全(2013版)课后练习：1.Internet ____ theft 【失窃】is a growing—and very costly【昂贵的，expensive】—problemA.identifyB.identityC. identicalD.identification2. All offers ____ require payment【付款】or private information before giving an award 【奖品】are bogus【假冒的】.A.whatB.whoC.whoseD.that3. Take the time to ____ the validity【合法性】of an offer.A.check outB.look outC.make outD.pick out4.Thoroughly【彻底地】conduct a background【背景】check【核实】on the company, ____ as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A.madeB.makesC.makingD.make5. If ____, visit a local law enforcement【执行】office and ask their opinion.A.in doubtB.in caseC.in conditionD.in detail6. ____ people who report such crimes, ____ criminals are arrested.A. the more; the moreB. the more; moreC. more; moreD. the most; the most答案：1B 2D 3A 4C 5A 6A补充练习：1. Use the ____ version of your web browser.A. laterB. lastC. latestD. late2. ____ conduct a background check on the company, making as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A. ThoughB. ThroughlyC. ThorughD. Thoroughly3. Don't ____ secure websites using public Wi-Fi.A. accessB. acessC. processD. accesses4. Sign up for alerts ____ your mobile phone or email.A. to send toB. to be sent toC. to be sentD. to sent to5. your bank and credit card accounts weekly.A. monitoB. monitoredC. monitorD. monitoring答案：1C 2D 3A 4B 5C3 .All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的…课后练习：1.Grandpa ___ to water the flowers now, It’s going to rain soon.A.isn’t needingB.needn’tC.doesn’t needD.needs2.Have you watered the flower? I don’t think this kind of flower need ____ every day.A.waterB.wateringC.be wateredD.being watered3.___ he had not hurt his leg,John would have won the race.A.IfB.SinceC.ThonghD.When4.____ interesting story it is!A.What aB.thatC.whichD.since5. Put things back ____ you found them. (2010年考题)A.whereB.thatC.whichD.since6.You ___ yourself about money(2010年考题)A.need not worryB.have worryC. are not being worriedD.need’n be worried7. No matter how old you are, when you go out into the world, it _____ to hold hands and stick together.A. would betterB. had betterC. be betterD. is better8. Goldfish and hamsters all die. ________.A. So do usB. So we doC. So are weD. So do we9. Think of what a better world ______ if we all had cookies and milk about 3 o’clock every afternoon.A. would it beB. it would beC. will it beD. it going to be答案：1C 2B 3A 4A 5A 6A 7D 8D 9B补充练习：1、When you go out into the world, watch for traffic, hold hands and _____ together.A. stickB. stuckC. strikeD. struck2. Put things back _______ you found them.A. whatB. whileC. whereD. which3. It would be a better world if we all _____ with our blankets for a nap.A. lay downB. laid downC. lain downD. lied down4. Don't take things .A. that aren't yoursB. which aren’t youC. that aren’t youD. which are n’t yours答案：1A 2C 3A 4A4. How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判(2013版)课后练习：1.___ wants to succeed【成功】in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.A.WhoeverB.whateverC.whomeverD.whenever2. Yet a euphoric approach to business is ___ enough.A. by all meansB. by means ofC. by no meansD. by means for3. he attitude【态度】"time is money" has more ___ on business communication in the US than it does anywhere else.A.discussB.containC.evaluateD.influence4.Present【介绍】and market【推销】your case in a ___ way.A.positiveB.possibleC.previousD.private5.When doing business in the US, you should take the following considerations into ___.A.adventureB.accountC.adviceD.ambition答案：1A 2C 3D 4A 5B补充练习：1. Its business culture, ____has brought the world "shareholder value" and "IPOs", ___ commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so.A. which; has leadedB. which; has been leadingC. that; has leadedD. that; has been leading2. Yet a euphoric approach _____ business is by no means enough.A. intoB. withC. toD. on3. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ____ focused.A. ruthlessB. ruthlesslyC. ruthlessness4. ____ a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as ____ results.A. Developing; gettingB. Developing; to getC. To develop; gettingD. To develop; to get5. For this reason, many US __ contain the provision "time is of the essence" within their preamble.A. contactsB. contentsC. contendsD. contracts6. The negotiation will ___ in a well-prepared, calm and pragmatic manner, all laced ___a substantial dose of humor.A. proceed; withB. process; withC. process; inD. proceed; in7. Religion, politics or ethnic background should be touched on ___.A. cautiouslyB. cautiousnessC. cautiousD. caution8. Do not ____ your negotiating partners' relaxed style of communication.A. are misled byB. misled byC. be misled byD. be misled9. The casual attitude in the US does not mean ___ no hierarchy in US companies.A. that isB. there isC. there areD. that are答案：1B 2C 3B 4A 5D 6A 7A 8C 9B5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料（2010版）课后练习：1. Although recent years have seen ______ reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing.A. substantialB. substanceC. submitD. subjective2.The number of such vehicles ___ steadily increasingA.have beenB.had beenC.having beenD.has been3.There is a serious liability ___ performance and fuel efficiency.A.in time ofB.in case ofC.in terms ofD.in honour of4.At a rough estimate,Nigeria is _____ Great BritainA.three times as big asB.three times as bigger asC. as three times big asD.as three times gigger as5. Ethanol is commonly used as a gasoline supplement, but it is currently about ___ methanolA.twice as expensive asB. twice as more expensive asC. as twice more expensive asD. as twice expensive as6. the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing. ____, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits.【2010年考题】A.ContinuouslyB.ConsequentlyC.ConsantlyD.Consistently7. All of these alternatives are carbon-based fuels _______ molecules are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose8. The hydrocarbons they do emit are less likely to _____ ozone.A generalB generationC generateD generous9. The combustion of larger molecules, _____ have multiple carbon-carbon bonds involvesa more complex series of reactions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. who10. Ethanol is commonly used ____ a gasoline supplementA.forB.toC.byD.as11.Henry and Tom ___ to the particles at the Trade Union every Saturday(2010年考题)ed to goB.were used to goC.are used to goD.ues to go12. Vehicles ____ only the simplest of the engine improvements that methanol makes feasible would still contribute to an immediate lessening of urban air pollution.A. corporateB.cooperatingC. operatingD. incorporating答案：1A 2D 3C 4A 5A 6D 7D 8C 9B 10D 11A 12D补充练习：1. Although recent years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles ____ .A. have been steadily increasingB. has been steadily increasedC. has been steadily increasingD. have been steadily increased2. Consequently, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and ozone that _____ legally established limits.A. succeedB. proceedC. exceedD. excess3. There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle _____ is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels.A. permissionB. emissionC. omissionD. Mission4. There is a growing realization that the only ___ way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels.A. effectiveB. efficientC. sufficientD. Supplement5. These reactions increase the probability of incomplete combustion and are more likelyto _____ uncombusted and photochemically active hydrocarbon compounds into the atmosphere.A. leaseB. releaseC. pleaseD. relief6. On the other hand, alternative fuels do have _____.A. drawbacksB. setbackC. drawerD. backward7. Ethanol and methanol have important advantages _____ other carbon-based alternative fuels.A. onB. overC. byD. with8. It is currently about ______ as methanol.A. twice as expensive asB. as twice expensive asC. as expensive twice asD. expensive as twice as9. Methanol's most attractive feature is that it can reduce ____ about 90 percent the vehicle emissions.A. ofB. inC. onD. by10. However, since methanol-fueled vehicles could be designed to be much more ____ than gasoline clone vehicles fueled with methanol, they would need comparatively less fuel.A. effectiveB. efficientC. sufficientD. supplement答案：1C 2C 3B 4A 5B 6A 7B 8A 9D 10B6. Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车(2013版)课后练习：1.The car will be guided by a differential GPS system that corrects errors ___ in global positioning satellite signals.A.arisingB.riseC.raiseD.arouse2. GM envisions【设想，想象】a system ___ the Mobility InternetA.callingB.callC.callsD.called3. How much control you want to turn over to the car may __ your age and where youare goingA.depend onB.call one onD.go on4. On vacation with the family the driver may want to __ and talk to the kidsA.turn upB.turn toC.turn onD.turn around5. Taking the fun out of the driving is not our main goal—we'd like to help people enjoy __A. to driveB.driveC.drivesD.driving6. But they should make the ___ if they want to drive or (they) press the autopilotbutton.A.decisionB.decideC.departureD.depart答案：1A 2D 3A 4D 5A补充练习：1. It is an early step toward a robo-car that can drive itself, perhaps ____ .A. better than youB. better than you canC. better you can2. The TTS run will demonstrate ____ the car can take curves as fast as a human driver—without driving off a cliff.A. asB. thatC. whenD. whether3. The car will be guided by a differential GPS system that corrects errors arising in global positioning satellite signals ____ they travel through the ionosphere and troposphere.A. asB. thatC. whatD. where4. Second, the car needs ____ collisions.A. to be able to avoidB. being able to avoidC. to be able to avoiding5. Some of these capabilities have already hit the street, and others %___ in tests.A. has been demonstratedB. have been demonstratedC. have demonstrated6. GM envisions a system ___ connects intelligent cars to each other and to remote servers in a vast, moving peer-to-peer network that would let them ____ efficiently and in sync.A. that; to travelB. which; travelC. where; travelD. that; travel7. How much control you want to turn over to the car(主语) may depend on your age and ____.A. where are you goingB. where you are goingC. where do you go toD. that you are going8. Taking the fun out of the driving（主语）is not our main goal—we'd like to ___.A. help people to enjoy to driveB. help people enjoy to driveC. help people enjoy drivingD. help people enjoying to drive答案：1B 2D 3A 4A 5B 6D 7B 8C考点：使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的“不完全”及物动词，主要有make(使,令)，let(让)，help(帮助)，have(叫)等，其后的不定式“不带to”。

中石油职称英语考试通用选读2016版1-10课

- .中石油职称英语考试2016版通用选读目录1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management (1)work Security 网络安全 (2)3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的... .. (4)4.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判 (5)5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (7)6.Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车 (9)7.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 (11)8.The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 (13)10.The Dress Code for Office Life 办公室的着装礼仪 (17)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。

1.Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time reflects skill as an effective time manager and sets a precedent for others to follow.1、总要准时开会。

如果你准时开始，晚到的与会者意识到时间的价值。

2016年中石油职称英语考试模拟题（7）

1. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people __ harm them. A. more than B. better than C. other than D. rather than 2. The football player is hoping to __ to another club. A. transfer B. transmit C. transform D. transport 3. I'm afraid taking a part time job might __ my time for study. A. cut off B. cut into C. cut down D. cut away 4. I __ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book. A. came to B. came into C. came over D. came across 5. It is __ that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. A. serious B. great C. significant D. vital 6. In his poems, he compared his little daughter __ a flower. A. by B. to C. for D. as 7. You can't see through a telescope unless it is __ correctly to your sight. A. adapted B. adopted C. adjusted D. accustomed 8. Our company decided to __ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met. A. destroy B. refuse C. assume D. cancel 9. You needn't go to a hotel, Lucy, Jack and I will gladly __ for the night. A. make you up B. set you up C. put you up D. call you up 10. He finished the paintings __ for the exhibition. A. for some time B. in good time C. from time to time D. time after time 参考答案及解析 1. 【答案】D 【译⽂】发展核科学应造福于民，⽽不是危害于民。

中石油职称英语考试通用选读2016版51-60课

51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights 迷人的北极光1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water pany in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at er Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And acpanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights —boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1、1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water pany)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（erBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。

伴随这些异常出现的还有辉煌的北极光——从北面喷涌而出，一束束巨大的光束像帷幔一般遮盖了整个天际。

9300万英里之外，一个相形见绌的太阳黑子出现在太阳的圆盘上。

职称英语考试（理工B）完整版真题及答案

职称英语考试（理工B）完整版真题及答案2016年职称英语考试(理工B)完整版真题及答案试卷是纸张答题,在纸张有考试组织者检测考试者学习情况而设定在规定时间内完成的试题。

也可以是资格考试中用以检验考生有关知识能力而进行人才筛选的工具。

下面，店铺为大家分享2016年职称英语考试(理工B)完整版真题及答案，希望对大家有所帮助！第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The revelationof his past led to his resignation.A. imaginationB. disclosureC. confirmationD.recall答案为B. revelation(揭露) – disclosure(揭露)2. Jensenis a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.A. carelessB. cruelC. strongD.hard答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel3. You’llhave to sprint if you want to catch the train.A. jumpB.escapeC. runD.prepare答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑)4. We areworried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC. suitableD.adaptable答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) – changeable (易变的)5. Thenew garment fits her perfectly.A. haircutB.purseC. clothesD.necklace答案为C. garment(衣服) – clothes(衣服)6. Thephobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.A. fearB.joyC. hurtD.memory答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt (感情上的伤心或痛苦)7. Theyhave to build canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. waterC. changeD.visit答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) – water(给…浇水)8. Heroverall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.A. disabledB.pupilC. teenagerD. baby答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) – baby (婴儿)9. Thecoastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remainextremely cold.A. warmB.severeC. hardD.dry答案为A. mild(温暖的) – warm(温暖的)10. Thedetails of the costume were totally authentic.A. realB. outstandingC. creativeD. false答案为A. authentic(逼真的) – real (逼真的)11. Weare aware of the potential problems.A. globalB. possibleC. ongoingD.central答案为B. potential(可能的)- possible(可能的)12. Theidea was quite brilliant.A. positiveB. cleverC. keyD. original答案为B. brilliant(绝妙的) – clever (聪明的)13. Stockmarket price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.A. regulatedB. increasedC. maintainedD. fell答案为C. tumbled(暴跌) –fell(下降)14. Thecourse gives you basic instructions in car maintenance.A. coachingB. ideaC. termD. aspect答案为A. instructions (指导说明)—coaching(教导)15. Allhouses within 100 metres of the seas at risk of flooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC. between equalsD. in particular答案为A indanger of (处于危险中)— at risk of (处于风险中)第2部分：阅读判断(第16——22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

中石油英语试题及答案

中石油英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has recently _______ a new policy regarding employee benefits.A) implementedB) interpretedC) demonstratedD) speculated答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, they managed to _______ the project on time.A) accomplishB) abandonC) adaptD) access答案：A3. The manager _______ the importance of teamwork in achieving our goals.A) emphasizedB) exemplifiedC) prioritizedD) questioned答案：A4. The report _______ the environmental impact of the proposed construction project.A) underestimatesB) underestimatesC) overestimatesD) disregards答案：B5. She _______ her career in the oil industry after graduating from university.A) embarked onB) retreated fromC) excelled inD) overlooked答案：A6. The new regulations will _______ the safety standards in the industry.A) elevateB) deteriorateC) maintainD) nullify答案：A7. The team _______ the problem by conducting a series of experiments.A) identifiedB) replicatedC) ignoredD) dismissed答案：A8. The company is _______ to expand its operations overseas.A) hesitantB) eagerC) reluctantD) indifferent答案：B9. The _______ of the oil spill was a major concern for the environmentalists.A) scaleB) scopeC) scaleD) sequence答案：A10. The _______ of the project was delayed due to unforeseen circumstances.A) initiationB) culminationC) terminationD) acceleration答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The _______ of the pipeline is crucial for the safe transportation of oil.答案：integrity12. The _______ of the drilling equipment must be checked regularly to ensure safety.答案：functionality13. The _______ of the exploration team is to find new oil reserves.答案：mission14. The _______ of the oil spill was estimated to be several thousand barrels.答案：volume15. The _______ of the company's environmental policy is a top priority.答案：implementation16. The _______ of the drilling process requires a high level of expertise.答案：complexity17. The _______ of the oil rig was due to a mechanical failure.答案：collapse18. The _______ of the project will be reviewed at the nextboard meeting.答案: progress19. The _______ of the new technology has significantly improved efficiency.答案：introduction20. The _______ of the oil field is estimated to last for several decades.答案：lifespan三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

中油职称英语考试真题及答案试卷

~:~: 24I. V ocabularyDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath eachsentence you will see four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. She soon quit her kitchen job to ~ writing.A. take overB. take afterC. take inD. take up2. ~ its rich deposit in oil, petroleum industry has become one of the mostimportant industries of Alberta.A. In related toB. Owing toC. With regard toD. As to3. The past thirty years of reform hasn't changed our traditions and, the idea ofbeing _ _ with one's lot has never left our bones.A. confidentB. generousC. conservativeD.content4. The individual chemicals are numerous and include industrial chemicals,household chemicals, fertilizers, and paints, _ synthetic rubber and plastics.A. as far asB. provided that -C. as well asD. such as5. Love means trusting the person I love. If I love you, I trust that you won'thurt me.A. meaninglyB. deliberatelyC. innocentlyD. maturely6. In Vietnam, I walk out my door in the morning, and people are smiling. Theyact ~ life's pretty good._A. as though B. even though C. even as D. now that7. Mr. Smith says: "The media are very good at sensing a mood and then it."A. exaggeratingB. overtakingC. wideningD. enlarging8. Teddy is a bright child with a ready laugh. He does his work neatly and hasGood__A. combatB. mannersC. faultsD. route9. If you are a student, you would be wise to schedule your more difficult classesin the afternoon, _ _ in the morning.A. rather thanB. or elseC. in spite ofD. other than10. I'm afraid taking a part time job might _ my time for study.A. cut offB. cut intoC. cut downD. cut away11. The services sector, which employs 80 percent of the American work force, isexpected to .... most of the new jobs in the future.A. gatherB. generateC. assembleD. yield12. I __ several interesting facts about Mexico in that book.A. came toB. came intoC. came overD. came across13. He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on hisA. wordsB. permissionC. sayingD. word14. My father was a foreign student, born and in a small village in Kenya.A. arousedB. aroseC. raisedD. rised15. David assured his boss that he would all his energies in doing this new job.A. call forthB. call atC. call onD. call off16. Britain has large of iron but lacks many minerals such as nickel, copper,aluminum, etc.A. privilegesB. reservesC. prosperousD. resolutions17. My father gave the man some money for busA. FeeB. fareC. paymentD. cost18. There are plenty of loans and scholarships for the bright and eager who can'tto pay.A. maintainB. sustainC. endureD. afford19. One mistake Chinese often make is the "s" from the third person singularverb.A. OmittingB. leakingC. reducingD. withdrawing20. I must congratulate you the excellent design of the new bridge.A. withB. atC. onD. ofII. Grammatical StructureDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. Beneath eachsentence you will see four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answerthat best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. She wore clothesA. that was better than the other girlsB. that was better than that of the other girlsC. that were better than that of the other girlsD.that were better than those of the other girls22. William Bligh, a young European scientist in the United States, noticedthat the number of white blood cells in laboratory' mice was dramaticallyhigher and lower at different times of day.A. to workB. who is workC. workingD. worked23. Neither the parents nor the child here.A. is allowedB. are allowedC. have been allowedD. were allowed24. I went to my adviser to ask him what coursesA. should I takeB. must I takeC. to takeD. I were to take25. Your house as large as mine.A. are ten timesB. is ten timeC. is ten timesD. are ten time26. '-- you lend me some money? .... Yes, "A. Can...I couldB. Could...you couldC. Can...you may D: Could...I can27. I shall go to Tianjin before you back next week.A. will comeB. cameC. would comeD. come28. "Talking about sports what does John like best?""I think he likes playing "A. the footballB. football gameC. footballD. a football29. The pearl is the only gem ___ by a living creature.A. creatingB. to createC. to be createdD. created30. From his early teensA. Robert Hutchins determination to be an authorB. was determined Robert Hutchins to be an author.C. Robert Hutchins was determined to be an authorD. an author, Robert Hutchins was determined to be31. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairmannow.A. must have beenB. would have been ?C. wereD. would be32. A conductor uses signals and gestures to let the musicians when to playvarious parts of a composition.A. knowB. to knowC. knowingD. known33. I am glad to tell you that you your exam.A. had passedB. passedC. have passedD. will have passed34. This is the hotel last year.A.at which we stayedB. that we stayedC. where we stayed atD. where we stayed in35. Alice studied many different cultures, and she was one of the firstanthropologists to photograph subjects.A. herB. their 'C. herselfD. themselves36. She cried to the policeman that she her necklace.A. robbed ofB. was robbed ofC. robbedD. was robbed37. We are not fond of Bob, but we his brother.A. likesB. likedC. do likeD. did like38. Although many colonial scholars consider Jonathan Edwards an importantwriter, __ any more.A. though few people read his worksB. but few people read his worksC. and his works are not widely readD.his works are not widely read39. __ on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense ofinfinite peace.A. WalkingB. When one is walkingC. If walkingD. When walking40. I suppose you're not serious, ?A. don't youB. do IC. don't I D: are youIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:One of the major achievements of modem science is the determination of the approximate age of the earth, now reckoned at 4.6 billion years. This makes theEarth far older than was formerly imagined. Indeed, one eighteenth-century religious and scientific authority circulated the widely accepted view that the planet was only some fou~r thousav~ years old. To modem scientists, however, geologic time begins with the formation of the Earth's solid crust sometime earlier than the age of the oldest known rock. Geologists divide this vast expanse of time into four eras--the Precambrian, the Paleozoic, the Mesozoic, and the Cenozoic, which takes us to the present. Thus, the almost~e bj1j~gr~years of planetary history and the 100,000 or so years of human existence are encapsulated in a mere four categories. Obviously, toaid in the discussion of such vast periods of time, further division and specification becomes necessary. Accordingly, the last three eras are further divided into 12 periods and more than 40.el2ochs, each division being determined by characteristic types of rock and planf'and animal fossil. Since the Precambrian era alone is more than four billion years long, is structurally complex, and has few fossils, it has been divided roughly in half for convenience of discussion. Scientists are working hard to discover clues about the earth's most distant past, but there still is a startling lack of ~:~: 24detail about both portions of the planet's Precambrian era.41. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. the four eras are of approximately equal duration.B. the Precambrian period is divided into periods and epochs.C. the Mesozoic period predates the Paleozoic.D. the Precambrian period predates the Cenozoic.42. The paragraph following the passage would most likely addressA. continuing scientific research into the Precambrian era.B. the Mesozoic era.C. the Cenozoic era.D. what is known about the Precambrian era:43. The word "This" in line 2 refers toA. geologic time.B. the achievements of modern science.C. a scientific discovery.D. the determination of Earth’s ageO44. According to the passage, what can be inferred about the Precambrian era?A. It had a plenitude of fossils.B. Its duration is brief.C. It is impossible to study.D. Division of the era was necessary for more focused discussion. Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:John F. Kennedy was, at 43, the youngest American to be elected president, and also the first Roman Catholic. John's grandfather was a poor Irishman who migrated to America. This immigrant and his son, Joseph, accumulated wealth and political power. Thus, John Kennedy had the advantage of wealth, family, and education.During World War II, John F. Kennedy had an outstanding record in the Navy.After the war, Kennedy worked briefly as a newspaperman, and then entered politics. He was three times elected to the House of Representatives before becoming a senator from Massachusetts. In 1960 he was elected president in a very close race in which there were charges of irregularities.Kennedy's term of office was highlighted by appeals to idealism, a broadened base of political participation, and improved civil rights. In international affairs, Kennedy saw the failure of the American-backed invasion of Cuba, and the Cuban missile crisis which brought Russia and the United States to the brink of war.The Kennedy family has known triumph and tragedy. One of John Kennedy's sisters was mentally retarded and an older brother was killed during a wartime aerial mission. John Kennedy was assassinated--as was his outspoken brother, Robert Kennedy. The family has suffered scandals of sex, alcohol, and drugs in both John's generation and in this present generation. Many believe that for the young, wealth and prominent family [too much, too soon, too easy] are more of a curse than a help.45. Which element is inaccurate as to how Kennedy became president?A. He was the first Catholic elected president.B. He was the first senator to be elected president.C. He was a very rich American president.D. He was the youngest man elected president.46. Prior to becoming president, John F. KennedyA. had a creditable career in the wartime Navy.B. held a position as a radio executive.C. worked for the family business enterprises.D. easily won his nomination and presidential election. '-47. This article takes the position thatA. John was the first Kennedy to enter public service.B. only through wartime service can one become president.C. family wealth and position may not always be beneficial.D. Kennedy was held back by his family reputation.48. What international problems faced the Kennedy presidency?A. The conflict of England and GermanyB. The problem of an impoverished IrelandC. Confrontation with the Soviets over CubaD. Cuban-backed invasion of FloridaQuestions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:Globally, the most commonly consumed source of energy is oil, which is estimated to make up approximately 40 percent of the world's energy demand.Found in natural underground reservoirs, oil is a thick, dark liquid that is recovered from the ground through pumping and drilling processes. It has been profitably extracted from many sites across the globe, and its liquid form makes it relatively easy to transport; these two characteristics of oil have contributed to the development of an enormous international industry based on the production and distribution of this fuel. Oil is an extremely valuable commodity, used to createplastics, chemicals, and 90 percent of the fuel that powers vehicles.At one time, coal was the world's primary source of fuel. Although it currently accounts for a smaller percentage of global energy consumption than oil, coal is still a major fossil fuel. The extraction process for coal differs from the drilling methodof extraction used for oil because coal is sedimentary rock, as opposed to a liquid, and therefore must be mined. More abundant than any other fossil fuel, coal has been a major source of energy for many years, contributing significantly to the technological advances of the Industrial Revolution. Although the applications of coal have changed since the introduction of the internal combustion engine decreased the need for coal to power steam engines, it is still a heavily exploited energy source. In the United States, it powers 50 percent of the electricity the country uses, whereas oil generates only 2 percent of the country's electricity.Comprising a percentage of global energy consumption similar to coal, natural gas is a fossil fuel that occurs in a gaseous form. Natural gas is recovered from underground reservoirs when pockets of gas are drilled into and pressure is appliedin order to force it to the surface. Because it is a gas, this form of fossil fuel has not been as widely utilized as coal and oil, and for sometime it was considered to be nothing more than a byproduct of oil; until recently, transporting natural gas was expensive and required complex pipeline systems that limited the potential transportation range. However, new technology has made it possible to cool natural gas into a liquid form (LNG). As a liquid, natural gas can be distributed using systems similar to those used for oil. As an energy source, natural gas can be used in diverse ways. It helps produce electricity, fuels vehicles, and meets household energy needs--for example in cooking and heating. In terms of pollution, naturalgas is a cleaner fossil fuel when burned it releases 30 percent less carbon dioxide than oil and 45 percent less carbon dioxide than coal.In spite of these differences, oil, coal, and natural gas can be grouped in a single category as fossil fuels and, as such, share many similarities. Two problematic issues common to oil, coal, and natural gas are related to the finite supplies of fossil fuels and the health risks associated with these fuel sources. As the three major sources of global energy; oil, coal, and natural gas account for approximately 87 percent of the world's energy consumption. Because global energy demands are constantly rising while these nonrenewable fossil fuel reserves are depleted, in the future, humanity will be facing severe energy crises if it does not change the way resources like natural gas, coal, and oil are consumed. Another drawback of fossil fuel use is the intrinsic health risk. Oil, for example, contains carcinogenic chemicals, a serious problem when populated areas are contaminated with petroleum. In the coal industry, miners face many health risks: coal dust causes a lung disease know as "black lung."49. According to Paragraph l, which of the following is true about extracting oil from the ground?A. It must be transported immediately after it reaches the surface.B. It must be drawn out of the ground from subterranean pools.C. It must be gathered carefully because of its carbon dioxide content.D. It must be liquefied before it can be easily removed.50. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2 about coal?A. It was the first fuel used to generate electricity.B. It was most widely used when it powered steam engines.C. It is currently the most commonly used fossil fuel.D. Its usage is declining because it causes pollution problems.51. In Paragraph 3, the author explains that natural gas is cleaner than other fossilfuels byA. comparing its primary uses with the uses of coal and oil.B. describing the extraction processes for oil, coal, and natural gas.C. contrasting its carbon dioxide emissions with the emissions of oil and coal.D. stating the percentage of global energy consumption each fossil fuelaccounts for.52. The word "finite" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning toA. accessibleB. localizedC. limitedD. promisingQuestions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain. A succession of scientific studies of animals suggests that physical activity has a positive effect on mental functioning."It's clear that the brain benefits from exercise," says brain scientist William Greenough of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His studies with rats have demonstrated two primary effects of activity: vigorous physical exercise provides the brain with more fuel, and skill-based exercise increases the formationof connections in the brain, which, according to the proposals of some scientists, may make the brain better able to process information.In one experiment, laboratory rats were separated into three groups. One group was exercised by running inside an automatic wheel, a second group improved their skills in a complicated obstacle course, and a third group was inactive."The animals that learned to go through the obstacle course exhibited a greater number of brain connections than the animals in the exercised or inactive groups," Greenough said, "In contrast, the animals that exercised inside the automatic wheel possessed a greater density of blood vessels in the brain than did either of the other two groups of animals."Human studies have focused primarily on older adults and suggest that regular exercise can improve the speed with which the brain processes information. Measurements made by Arthur Kramer at the University of Illinois demonstrated that inactive adults, aged 63 to 82, could hit buttons faster in response to a tone after they went through a 10-week water exercise course. A corresponding control group that didn't exercise showed no improvement.This boost in reaction time after exercise training may occur because declines associated with getting old could actually stem from declines in physical condition. Some scientists speculate the reduction in mental function often attributed to gettingold may really be a penalty of neglecting to stay physically active, in addition to related factors such as medicines and poor diet.53. What makes the brain better able to process information?A. Vigorous physical exercise.~B. Skill-based exercise.C. Both of them.D. Neither of them.54. One possible reason for scientists to make experiments with rats or otheranimals is thatA. rats and humans are very much alike.B. rats benefit from the experiments.C. the experiments can boost the brains of the rats.D. an effect found in rats may also apply to humans.55. Which word in Paragraph 5 tells us that older adults were divided into twogroups in the human studies?A. fasterB. correspondingC. inactiveD. older56. Which of the following is not a finding that results from the studies of olderadults?A. Regular exercise can improve the speed with which the brain processesinformation.B. Inactive adults can hit buttons faster in response to a tone after beingtrained.C. Getting old is the cause for the reduction in mental function.D. Neglecting to stay physically active may be the reason of the reduction inmental function.Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:Even though the majority of Americans would find it hard to imagine what life could be like without a car, some have begun to realize that the automobile is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing steadily, and large cities are troubled by too many automobiles. Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine. Every car engine burns hundreds of gallons of fuel each year and pumps hundreds of pounds of carbon monoxide and other gases into the air. These gases are one source of the smog that hangs over large cities. Some of these gases are poisonous and dangerous to health, especially for someone with a weak heart or a respiratory disease.~One answer to the problem of air pollution is to build a car that does not pollute.That's what several major automobile manufacturers are trying to do. But building a clean car is easier said than done. So far, progress has been slow. 'Another solution is to eliminate car fumes altogether by getting rid of the internal-combustion engine. Inventors are now working on turbine-powered cars, as well as on cars powered byelectricity. But most of us won't be driving cars run on batteries in the near future. Many auto makers believe that it will take years to develop practical models that are powered by electricity or steam.To rid the world of pollution--pollution caused not just by cars, but by all of modern industrial life--many people believe w~--must make some fundamental changes in the way many of us live. Americans may, for example, have to cut down on the number of privately owned cars and d~pend more on public mass transportation systems. Certainly the extensive use of new transportation systems could reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. But these changes do not come easily. Sometimes they conflict with other urgent problems. For example, if a factory closes down because it cannot meet government pollution standards, a large number of workers will suddenly find themselves without jobs.57. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. People's Anxiety Over Air PollutionB. Air Pollution and Its Possible SolutionsC. Prospects of Public Transportation SystemsD. Air Pollution and Its Bad Effects58. It can be known from the passage thatA. People with respiratory diseases suffer more if they travel by car.B. Cars run on batteries will soon come into existence.C. Americans prefer public mass transportation systems.D. Internal-combustion engine is responsible for air pollution.59. How many solutions are mentioned in the passage to the problem of airpollution?A. OneB. TwoC. Three.19: Four60. The author ends the passage with an example which shows thatA. government pollution standards are popular among the workers.B. changes in people's way of life will sometimes cause other urgentproblems.C. it is not so difficult to make people change their way of life.D. factories should rely on workers for profit.Section BDirections: There are lO blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.The modem urban planning and redevelopment movement arose in response to the disorder and dirtiness of the slum areas created by the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century.Reformation of these areas was the 61 of early city planners, who imposed regulatory laws establishing 62 for housing, sanitation, water supply, sewage and public health conditions. Urban planners also 63 parks and playgrounds intocrowded city neighborhoods, 64 places for recreation, as well as visible relief.The chief new urban planning concept of the early 20th century was zoning--the regulation of building activity to set 65 of height and density and to protect established neighborhoods.Urban territory 66 as a result of improved public transportation. Workers could live far from their jobs, traveling back and forth by bus, subway, or car.By the middle of the 20th century, urban planning changed its focus. Planners realized that factors of city living must be considered as a whole, so they aimed lessat attaching 67 problems than at the improvement of entire urban surroundings.Another 68 of urban building has been the 69 of experimental new towns and cities. In Great Britain, India, Israel and South America a few new cities were built entirely from plans. Urban planning was an important factor in Europe after World War II, 70 urban planners directed the reconstruction ofwar-shattered areas..61. A. object B. subject C. objective D. originate62. A. levels B. conditions C. systems D. standards63. A. Introduced B. introduce C. introducing D. have introduced64. A. granting B, granted C. provided D. providing65. A. goals C. limits C. tuitions D. restricts66. A. enlarged B. expanded C. shorted D. narrowed67. A. specific B. particular C: general D. long-range68. A. respect B. solution C. aspect D. approach69.A. establishing B. setting C. building D. organizing70.A. when B. if C. where D. unlessIV. TranslationDirections: There are some passages in this part of the test. You are to translate the passages into Chinese on your Answer Sheet.AS:71.(~In the next 100 years what problems will our world encounter? Social scientists, economists and environmentalists pose this question and examine dataand information from surveys.(~)We are now using more and more papers in our daily life. From the morning newspaper to books to packaging for a take-out lunch, paper is part of so many ofour daily activities we can easily take it for granted. Yet the true environmental and social costs of these everyday products often go unnoticed. The paper industry is one of the key drivers of forest loss in the world in the past decades. The cleared forests in many countries are turned into copy paper, books, product packaging, shopping bags and toilet paper for consumers in the North America, Asia and Europe. With fewer trees, the paper industry is producing more paper from recycled materials. However, the paper-making process unfortunately damages the environment as it uses large amounts of water, bums fossil fuels and produces large amounts of chemical waste.(~Some scientists believe that the paperless office is a solution to this problem and it's a growing trend. An idealized paperless office is a work environment in which the use of paper is eliminated. This is done by converting documents into digital form. Proponents claim that "going paperless" can save place, boost productivity, keep personal information more secure, make documentation and information sharing easier, and help the environment. The concept can be extended to communications outside the office as well.(~)Our challenges for this new century are clear. The problems of numerous inhabitants on this small planet will continue to be important to each of us. All of us need to be involved in solving the problems.B~:71.(~)We are now using more and more papers in our daily life. From the morning newspaper to books to packaging for a take-out lunch, paper is part of so many ofour daily activities we can easily take it for granted. Yet the tree environmental and social costs of these everyday products often go unnoticed. The paper industry is one of the key drivers of forest loss in the world in the past decades. The cleared forestsin many countries are turned into copy paper, books, product packaging, shopping bags and toilet paper for consumers in the North America, Asia and Europe. With fewer trees, the paper industry is producing more paper from recycled materials. However, the paper-making process unfortunately damages the environment as it uses large amounts of water, bums fossil fuels and produces large amounts of chemical waste.{~)Some scientists believe that the paperless office is a solution to this problem and it's a growing trend. An idealized paperless office is a work environment in which the use of paper is eliminated. This is done by converting documents into digital form. Proponents claim that "going paperless" can save place, boost productivity, keep personal information more secure, make documentation and information sharing easier, and help the environment. The concept can be extendedto communications outside the office as well.。

中石油职称英语考试试卷暨答案

\I. Vo Q:2409934629Directions:contains the macula itself and it is called "organ of Corti"天然气Natural gas生油层Hydrocarbon generation油气运移Oil and gas migration垂直运移The vertical migration侧向运移Lateral migration储集层reservoir含有层Containing layer圈闭trap盖层cover隔层interlay遮挡Keep out含油面积Oil-bearing area油水边界Oil-water boundary储油面积Storage area工业油气藏Industrial oil and gas reservoirs构造油气藏Structural reservoirs地层油气藏Stratigraphic reservoirs岩性油气藏Lithologic reservoir储油构造Oil storage structure地质构造Geological structure沉积相The sedimentary facies沉积环境Sedimentary environmentwo languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, someEuropean firms have half of more of their employees fluent in a second language.纵向分辨率verticalresolution测井仪器能够分辨出的地层的最小厚度。

电测井仪器通常以纵向积分几何因子为90%时对应的地层厚度作为仪器的纵向分辨率。

冲洗带flushedzone在渗透性地层中，与井壁相邻的地层受到钻井液滤液冲洗。

【中石油职称英语2016】2016年职称英语理工A答案

【中石油职称英语2016】2016年职称英语理工A答案2016年职称英语理工A答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Only people over 18 are eligible to vote.A. honestB. qualifiedC. enabledD. clever2. The latest car model embodies the new research development.2016年职称英语理工A答案A. listsB. includesC. borrowsD. broadens3. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extreme.A. severeB. hardC. warmD. dry4. She is an artist whose work will undoubtedly withstand the test of time.A. gradeB. attractC. bearD. suffer5. He wore a shabby thin overcoat in the cold winter so that he fell ill.A. oldB. bigC. newD. small2016年职称英语理工A答案6. The weather was so gorgeous that many people went outing.A. uncontrollableB. pleasantC. cloudyD. unbearable7. Competitors must abide by the judge's decisionA. keepB. readC. understandD. obey8. The umbrella was ingeniously devised to fold up into the pocket.A. seriouslyB. cleverlyC. attentivelyD. carefully9. Some newspapers in the west are notably biased.A. especiallyB. whollyC. totallyD. fairly10. His answers were obscure and confusing.A. unclearB. obviousC. clearD. direct11. The way she looked after her young sister was really touchingA. disturbingB. connectingC. movingD. waving2016年职称英语理工A答案12. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. stableB. suitableC. changeableD. adaptable13. They have built canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. changeC. visitD. water14. The details of the costume were totally authentic.A. outstandingB. realC. creativeD. false15. The new garment fits her perfectly.A. clothesB. haircutC. purseD. necklace答案：____A第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)The Greatest of Victorian Engineers16. Brunel was an important airplane engineer in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2016年职称英语理工A 答案17. Brunel was involved less in railway construction than in other engineering fields.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Brunel worked only on shipping, bridge-building and railway construction.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Brunel's work was largely ignored by his colleagues.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Someprojects Brunel contributed to are still in use today.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Brunel became an apprentice with his father when he was very young.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. The Thames Tunnel project was more difficult than any previous projects undertaken in Britain.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案: __2016年职称英语理工A答案第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~ 30题，每题1分，共8分)Geothermal(地热)Energy23.Paragraph 1_________24.Paragraph 2_________25.Paragraph 3_________26.Paragraph 4________A. Recyclable water and steamB.Binary plantsC.Flash steam plantsD. Generation of electricityE. Origin of geothermal energy2016年职称英语理工A答案F. Dry steam plants27. A geothermal reservoir is formed whenhot water is trapped under______.28. A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with______.29. Flash plants produce hot water through______.30. In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermal water can be converted into_____.A. hot springsB. impermeable rockC. little or no waterD.turbine operatorE. one or two separatorsF. the energy to turn aturbine答案：E F C B B D E F第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)2016年职称英语理工A答案第一篇SportsStar Yao Ming31. The word “towering" in Paragraph 1 meansA. Iarge.B. fat.C. tall.D. great.32. Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of hisA. mobility.B. assaultC. defense.D. celebrity.33. Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments becauseA. his right foot had been hurting.2016年职称英语理工A答案B. he wanted to make a more rapid recovery.C. the surgical operation had been a failure.D. he couldn't afford all the medical expenses.34. Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?A. Hemissed the Athens Olympics.B. He is an NBA player.C. He fractured his left foot.D. He is an international figure.35. In general, the Western experts' attitude towards TCM isA. indifferent.B. positive.C. negative.D. doubtful.第二篇Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)2016年职称英语理工A答案36.The Sahel zone is an area which ___.A. is covered with sad and grassB. has a long historyC. occupies much of South NigeriaD. belongs to Sudan37. What is the situation about the desertification in Africa?A. The deserts are replaced with grasslandsB. The deserts are expandingC. the deserts are moving northwardsD. the deserts are being deserted38. The word “deteriorated ” in paragraph 2 mean s ___.A. deepenedB. sufferedC. slippedD. worsened39. What is the root cause of desertification?A. poor farming2016年职称英语理工A答案B. overpopulationC. radical climate changeD. disappearance of rare plant species40. In order to prevent desertification, the author proposes ___.A. making good use of international aidsB. developing a sustainable agricultural economyC. gaining international supportD. converting agricultural land intoforest第三篇Older Volcanic Eruptions41.Older volcanic eruptions did more damage than more recent ones becauseA. older volcanoes were brighter.B. carbon dioxide made the earth much warmerC. older volcanoes were hotter2016年职称英语理工A答案D. carbon dioxide killed off life moreeasily42. Wignall calculated the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions byA. estimating how long they lastedB. counting the dinosaurs they killedC. paring the proportion of life killed with the volume of lavaproducedD. studying the chemical position oflava43. When did dinosaurs e extinct?A. 300 million years ago.B. 250 million years agoC. 65 million years agoD. 60 million years ago2016年职称英语理工A答案44. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that the cause of dinosaur extinction is_______A. a political issue.B. self-evident.C. quite certainD. controversial45. What is the main thesis of the article?A. Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.B. Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.C. Older volcanic eruptions are more destructiveD. It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption答案：____C第5部分：补全短文( 第46~50题, 每题2分，共10分)2016年职称英语理工A答案Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright Most of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. These areseemingly simple activities that the majority of us don’t question.__46____ The team of researchers from the U.S, England, Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they peted for food resources，in an effort to understand what ecological settings would lead a large ape —one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in mon with living chimpanzees —to walk on two legs.“These chimpanzees provide a model of the ecological conditions underwhich our earliest ancestors might have begun walking on two legs," said Dr. Richmond.The research findings suggest that chimpanzees switch to moving on two limbs instead of four in situations where they need to monopolize a resource. __47____Over time，intense bursts of bipedal activity may have led to an atomical changes that in turn became the subject of natural selection where petition for food or other resources was strong.Two studies were conducted by the team in Guinea. The firststudy was conducted by the team in Kyoto University’s “ outdoor laboratory ” in a natural clearing in Bossou Forest. _48___The chimpanzees’ behavior was monitored in t hree situations: (a) when only oil palm nuts were available, (b) when a small number of coula nuts were available，and (c) when coula nuts were the majority available resource.When the rare coula nuts were available only in small numbers, the chimpanzees transported more at one time. Similarly, when coula nuts were the majority resource, __49____.In such high-petition settings，the frequency of cases in which the chimpanzees started moving on two legs increased by a factor of four. Not only was it obvious that bipedal movement allowed them to carry more of this precious resource, but also that they were actively trying to move as much as they could in one go by using everything available 一even their mouths.The second study, by Kimberley Hockings of Oxford Brookes University, was a 14-month study of Bossou chimpanzees crop-raiding, a situation in which they have to pete for rare and unpredictable Resources. __50___.A. Researchers allowed the wild chimpanzees access todifferent binations of two different types of nut — the oil palmnut，which is naturally widely available, and the coula nut, which is not.B. human walking on tou shdouf hiosu.2016年职称英语理工A答案C. But an international team of researchers, includingDr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences，have discovered that human walking upright,may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce, high-quality resources.D. Standing on two legs allows them to carry much moreat one time because it frees up their hands.E.The chimpanzees regarded the coula nuts as amore highly-prized resource and peted for them more intensely.F. Here, 35 percent of the chimpanzees activity involvedsome sort of bipedal movement, and once again, this behavior appeared to be linkedto a clear attempt to carry as much as possible at one time.答案：CDAEF第6部分：完形填空(第51~65题，每题1分，共15分) Cell Phone Lets Your Secrets Out2016年职称英语理工A答案Your cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and numbers that you've programmed into it, ______traces____(51) of your DNA linger (遗留) on the device according to a new study DNA is genetic (遗传的)material _____that_____ (52) appears in every cell.Like your fingerprint, your DNA is _____unique______ (53) to you——unless you have an identical twin. Scientists today analyze DNA in blood, saliva (唾液), or hair left ____behind_______ (54) at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify ____criminals______ (55) and theirvictims. Your cellphone can reveal more about you ____than_____ (56) you mightthink.Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect bled onto a cellphone and later dropped the device_____ (57). This made her wonder whether traces of DNA lingered on cell phones 一evenwhen no blood was___involved_____(58). She and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip-open phones(翻盖手机)of10 volunteers. They used swabs (药签) to collect_____invisible___ (59) traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user ____holds_____(60) it, and the speaker which is placed at the user's earThe scientists cleaned the phones using a solution made mostly__of____(61) alcohol. The aim of washing was to remove all detectable traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week. Then theresearchers ___returned________ (62) the phones and cleaned each phone oncemore.The scientists discovered DNA that_____belonged______(63) to the phone's speaker on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, but those swabs alsopicked up DNA that belonged to other people who had apparently also____handed______ (64) the phoneSurprisingly, DNA showed up even in swabs thatwere taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won't remove all traces of ___evidence________ (65) from a criminal's device.So cell phones can now be added to the list of clues that can clinch (确定)a crime-scene investigation. B.pictures C.shapes D.traces52.A.that B.while C.as D.what53.A.mon B.good C.helpful D.unique54.A.behind B.away C.aside D.over55.A.visitors B.travelers C.scientists D.criminals56.A.until B.before C.unless D.than57.A.paper B.document C.device D.file2016年职称英语理工A答案58.A.checked B.involved C.tested D.gathered59.A.invisible B.emotional C.poisonous D.magical60.A.holds B.watches C.drops D.covers61.A.with B.by C.for D.of62.A.collected B.answered C.returned ed63.A.moved B.changed C.belonged D.turned64.A.bought B.repaired C.seen D.handed65.A.smell B.evidence C.sound D.color。

2016年职称英语(综合类)C级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2016年职称英语（综合类）C级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．We are aware of the potential problems.A．possibleB．globalC．ongoingD．central正确答案：A解析：句意：我们意识到了潜在的问题。

potential意为“潜在的，可能存在的”，与possible(可能的)意思相近。

global意为“全球的”；ongoing意为“不间断的”；central意为“中心的”，均排除。

2．We must get to the root of the problem.A．approachB．heartC．causeD．solution正确答案：C解析：句意：我们一定得对这个问题追根究底。

root意为“根源，根本”，与cause(起因，源头)意思相近。

approach意为“方式”；heart意为“心脏”；solution 意为“解决办法”，均排除。

3．Class sizes will increase under the new scheme.A．directionB．contextC．systemD．environment正确答案：C解析：句意：新体制下，班级规模将会扩大。

scheme意为“方案，计划”，与system(体制，制度)意思相近。

direction意为“方向；context意为“环境，上下文”；environment意为“环境”，均排除。

4．All houses within 100 metres of the seas are at risk of flooding.B．out of controlC．between equalsD．in particular正确答案：A解析：句意：海边100米以内的房屋都有遭遇洪水的危险。

中石油职称英语考试真题答案(翻译部分)

中石油职称英语考试真题答案(翻译部分)翻译部分A级别参考答案：一家大型酒店的总裁注意到，公司正在经历着每年流失50%的雇员的问题，这种情况造成每年成本增加1000万到1200万。

这么大量的资金是根据以下两个因素算出来的：雇佣新员工的花费以及由于顾客满意度差而导致客房使用率下降。

在酒店行业，员工流失是一个很关键的问题。

但是你可以采取一些人才管理实务策略，来提升员工的留任率。

下面有三条建议：(1)雇佣合适的员工：从改善招聘和面试流程开始。

当你参加面试时，确信你为候选者提供了一个可依靠的企业，让候选者有选择在酒店工作的理由。

如果工作是充满压力和紧张感的，那么要分享这些细节问题，让候选人了解。

要明确的说明酒店的企业文化，工作环境会帮助候选人自我选择，你要让候选人知道更愿意雇佣适合酒店和酒店文化的员工。

(2)绩效管理，认可和奖励员工：我们几乎都会感到有价值，酒店和管理者需要形式化或者非形式化的方法去认可和奖励高绩效。

不是所有的奖励都需要金钱的形式。

即使是一个很简单的谢谢，或者员工的努力得到的公共的认可都是有效激励员工的方式。

员工感到自身有价值或更愿意留下来继续工作。

(3)为员工的发展提供机会：通过支付或者补贴的形式，在培训课程、书籍、工作经验、播客(音频材料)等方面的花费上，支持员工发展;让员工知道，你重视他们也重视他们的工作，帮助他们成功和规划未来职业发展。

所有这些方法都可以提高员工留任，减少员工流失。

这些有效的管理方法不但可以促进员工留任，而且提高员工满意度和履行员工职责。

所有的这些管理方法对酒店生意来说是有利的。

翻译部分B级别参考答案(较A级少后面2段)一家大型酒店的总裁注意到，公司正在经历着每年流失50%的雇员的问题，这种情况造成每年成本增加1000万到1200万。

这么大量的资金是根据以下两个因素算出来的：雇佣新员工的花费以及由于顾客满意度差而导致客房使用率下降。

在酒店行业，员工流失是一个很关键的问题。

2016-2018年中石油职称英语考试历年单选汇总(附答案)

2016年21. I could see from his face that he _____ bad news.A. had receivedB. receivesC. receivedD. has received22. The peasants【农民】__ their land.A. deprivedB. were deprivedC. deprived ofD. were deprived of丧失23. He failed his exam, __ proved that he wasn't working hard enough. 非限制性定语A. whatB. whichC. thisD. of which24.So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch. 倒装句A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was25. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately_____ from Marathon to Athens. 同位语A. the distanceB. distanceC. the distance isD. is the distance翻译：奥林匹克马拉松赛跑为26英里，385码.大约为马拉松到雅典的距离26. All flights __ because of the heavy storm, we d ecided to take thetrain. 完成被动的非谓语动词形式A. having canceledB. being canceledC. having been canceledD. canceled27. He preferred not to _____ with that group.prefer to doidentity oneself with 与…打成一片A. identifyingB. identify himselfC. identifyD. being identified himselfdoes.28. He speaks English, but not __ his sisterA. as good asB. as well likeC. so well asD. like well as29. My grandma noticed that the girl __ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl a new sweater.A. was wornB. was wearingC. wearsD. wearing30. Though _____ in New York, Peter had always preferred to record 【记录】the plain【平常的，简单的】facts【事实，真相】of small town life.非谓语动词A. raised抚养B. was raisedC. raisingD. raises31. She walked softly __ make any noise.A. as toB. not toC. not so as toD. so as not to：为了32. It's no use _____ me. I don't know more than you do.A. in askingB. askingC. for me to askD. you ask33. We've bought a new house. We'll move in soon a nd we need to buy __furniture.A. some otherB. anotherC. otherD. others34. Please h ave your doctor __ that prescription.【药方】A. signedB. to sign have sb do sthC. signingD. sign35. A biologist【生物学家】does not merely【仅仅】describe【描述】organisms【有机物】, but tries to learn __ act as they do.A. what to cause themB. what cause to themC. what causes them toD. causes them to what36. "Has he come back? .... Yes, he __ back for three days.A. has comeB. had comeC. isD. has been37. Ecology, _____ the relationships between organisms a nd their environments, is also important in petroleum geology.【32课】同位语A. the study ofB. it studyC. that studyD. studying翻译：生态学，即研究生物与其环境之间关系的科学，在石油地质中也很重要。

2016全国职称英语答案

2016全国职称英语答案【篇一：2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语考试综合c真题及答案】/p> 第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．the best option would be to cancel the trip altogethera．hope b．part c．decision d．estimate2．he was incredibly rich.a．relatively b．seriously c．extremely d．fairly3．the idea was quite brillianta．positive b．key c．clever d．original4.the course gives you basic instruction in maintenance.a．idea b．term c．aspect d．coaching5．i think i managed to grasp the main points of the lecture . a．understand b．cover c．prove d．discuss6.anything to do with aero planes and flying fascinates him.a．affects b．helps c．worries d．interests8．i didnt particularly want to go , but i had to .a．mainly b．usually c．especially d．rapidly9．you need feedback to monitor progress.a．stop b．achieve c．access d．check10．jensen is a dangerous man , and can be very brutal.a．careless． b．strong c．cruel d．hard11.we are aware of the potential problems.a.possible．b.globalc.ongoing．d.central12.we must get to the root of the problem.a．approach b．heart c．cause d．solution14．all houses within 100 meters of the seas are at risk of flooding.a．in danger． b．out of control c．between equals． d．in particular15．he needs the money really badly.a．very urgently b．very much c．very quickly d．very efficiently第2部分：阅读判断（第16——22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择a；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择b；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择c。

2016中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题五

2016中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题五模拟试題五I. Vocabulary Section ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this pari. For each sentence there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.1.He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his _________________________ .A. wordB. wordsC. permissionD. saying2.After second thought, she a better solution.A. came up withB. added up toC. put up withD. made up for3.The club has a new rule allowing women to join.A. brought forthB. associated withC. turned overD. laid down4.The performance will begin at eight thirty.A. preciselyB. consequentlyC. accordinglyD. exceedingly5.His joke went too far. It was more than I could .A. get rid ofB. put up withC. keep up withD. do away with6.At the gathering, he talked about the matter, dampening everyones spirits.A. in detailB. with easeC. on endD. ina confusing way7.1 wish my son would stop and do something realistic.A. hanging aboutB. hanging onC. hanging upD. hanging off8.We all can’t why she married a man like this.A. reason outB. figure outC. make believeD. take in9.John wants to dispose his old car and buy a new one.A. onB. inC. ofD. to10.Ted agreed to the strike if the company wouldsatisfy the demand of the workers.A. call outB. call toC. call offD. call ontalkative11.The men are negotiating over the sale of the diamonds.A. arguingB. fightingC. thinkingD. bargainingII. Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21. _ nothing more to discuss, the secretary-general got to his feet, said goodbye and left theroom.A. There wasB. BeingC. There beingD. As therebeing22. _ the size and nature of a business, its main goal is to earn a profit.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WhereasD.Because23.What’s the matter? I smell something.A.bumB. bumsC. being burnedD. burning24.The car seventy miles per hour until it reaches the riverside at about ten o'clock tonight.A. goesB. will goC. wentD. will be going25. I would rather ___ out to look for a job insteadof moping around here everyday.A. to goB. goingC. wentD. go26.___ is still a controversial issue.A.If he is the right person for the jobB.That he is the right person for the jobC.Whether he is the right person for the jobD.He is the right person for the job27.Tom ___ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.A. ought not have receivedB. shouldn’t havereceivedC. has been receivedD. couldn't have received28.You'll soon get used to a large breakfast inEngland.A. eatB. it that you eatC. eatingD. you eat29.1left very early last night, but I wish I so early.A. didn’t leaveB. hadn’t leftC. haven’t leftD. couldn’t leave30.“How many from your class went abroad?” “but one”.A. AnyB. SomeC. AllD. MostSection BDirections: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B,C,and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct.Then, mark your answer on the answer sheet.31.Faced with petroleum shortages in the 1970's, scientists and engineers in the United States Astepped up its efforts to develop more efficient heating systems and better insulation.B C D32.It is a phenomenon known as temperature inversion what causes the worst smog in placesA B Csuch as Los Angles.D33.Of all the software the consultants have looked at, the more powerful one is also the mostA BCDaccessible.34.The latest series of articles on trends and innovations have been praised by the readers.A BCD35.After the presentation of the developed specially program, the audience reacted positively andA B C endorsed it immediately.D36.The inspector admitted to offer an estimate for thedamage free of charge.A B C D37.New shopping mall is being planned for the residential area where new homes are being builtA B Cat a rapid rate.D38.The opinion holding by most investors is to buy now.A B CD39.Whether we make the trip or not, it will be advisable for us to be renewing our passportsA B Cas soon as possible in order to avoid any complications.D40.The only thing what really matters to the children is how soon they can return to theirA B Caunt and uncle’s farm.DIII．Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 41 the turn of the century when jazz was born, America had no prominent style fits own. No one knows exactly when jazz was 42 , or by whom. But it began to be heard in the early 1900s.Jazz isAmericans contribution to 43 music. In contrast to classical music, which follows formal European traditions, jazz is spontaneous and free form. It bubbles with energy, 44 themoods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America, and45 it does today. The origins of this music are as interesting as the music 46 .American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz pioneers .They were brought toSouthern States 47 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long hours. When a Negro died his friend and relatives 48 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band often accompanied the procession .On the way to the cemeterythe band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. 49 on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their relations ,but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music, improvising (即兴表演) on both the harmony and themelody of the tunes 50 at the funeral. This music made everyone want to once. It was an early form of jazz.41. A. By B. AtC. InD. On42. A. discovered B. actedC. inventedD. designed43. A. classical B. sacredC. popularD. light44. A. expressing B. explaining C. exposing D. illustrating45. A. as B. soC. eitherD. neither46. A. concerned B .itselfC. availableD. oneself47. A. for B. asC. withD. by48. A. demonstrated B. composedC. hostedD. formed49. A. Even B. ThereforeC. FurthermoreD. But50. A. whistled B. sungc. presented D. showedIV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the' colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose,they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the best known American Indian warrior of the Revolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy thanhe did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ili. When the colonists won the war, sheand her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made "Beloved Woman" of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women's council anda member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.51. What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A. Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B. At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C. Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D. The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.52. The word "it" in line 4 refers to ~A. sideB. revolutionC. disputeD. independence53. How did Ward gain her position of authority?A. By bravery in battle.B. By marriage to a chief.C. By joining the confederacy.D. By being bom into a powerful family.54. According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?A. Each was called "Beloved Woman" by her tribe.B. Each influenced her tribe's role in the American Revolution.C. Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D. Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:More people than ever are drinking coffee these days--but in smaller quantities than they used to. Some manufacturers of coffee makers are trying to take advantage of this trend by developing diminutive machines that brew smaller amounts of coffee. Two US appliance companies-Black & Decker, based in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of Columbia, Missouri-have recently introduced "drip" coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings of coffee. Both of the products brew the coffee directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a separate carafe. Since many people make a pot of coffee in the morning but drink only a single cup, the new coffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee. Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time costs $27, while Toastmaster's Coffee Break Retails for $20. Black & Decker also makes a coffee maker that drips coffee directly into a carry-around thermal carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed to keep the coffee fresh for hours. The product, called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes with a built-in lid that opens during the brewing process and close when it is completed. There are several models, including one that firs under the counter, ranging from $60 to $110 in price.55. The main purpose of the text is toA. introduce a new trend of drinking coffeeB. introduce new coffee makersC. introduce two U.S. appliance companiesD. introduce the new coffee industry56. The advantage of "drip" coffee makers shown in the text is thatA. they are much more economicB. they can produce only one cupC. they are more convenient and easier to operateD. they are more economical57. According to the passage, a thermal carafe is necessary when the coffee isA. preservedB. producedC. manufacturedD. brewed58. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?A. People used to drink coffee in larger quantities.B. It is essential to attach a separate carafe, while "drip" coffee makers are applied.C. People used to make a pot of coffee in the morning and drink it up.D. The new coffee makers usually cost less than before.Questions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:No one expressed this attitude more strongly than Noah Webster (1758- 1843). Born near Hartford, Connecticut, he received his education at Yale College and later began to practise law.But business in this profession was slow, and he was forced to turn to teaching. As a teacher, he soon discovered that the English school books then in use were unsatisfactory, and the American Revolution reduced the supply of such books as there were. Webster therefore began to work on three simple books on English, a spelling book, a grammar, and a reader, and these were the firstbooks of their kind to be published in this country. The success of the first part was surprisingly great. It was soon issued again under the title THE AMERICAN SPELLING BOOK, and in thisform about 80 million copies were sold during the next hundred years. From a profit of less thanone cent a copy, Webster got most of his income for the rest of his life. Not only did the little bookhave great influence on many generations of school children, but it also had the effect or turningits author's attention to questions of language. In 1806 he produced a small dictionary, and thiswas followed by his greatest work, AN AMERICAN DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, published in two volumes in1828. In both of these works and in many smallerwritings he had one purpose: to show that the English language in his country was a truly American thing, developing in its own special way and deserving to be considered from an independent, American point of view. As he himself wrote," It is not only important, but in adegree necessary, that the people of this 'country should have an AMERICAN DICTIONARY ofthe English language; for, although the body of the language is the same as in England...some differences exist .... No person in this country will be satisfied with the English definitions of the words congress, senate, assembly, court, and so forth, for although these are words used in England, yet they are applied in this country to express ideas which they do not express in that country." By giving American meanings and American pronunciation, by adopting a number of American spellings, and especially by introducing quotations from American authors beside those from English literature, he was able, to a greatextent, to justify the title of his work. If, after a hundred years, some people still doubt the existence of a separate American language, his efforts,nevertheless, have left a lasting mark on the language of his country.59. Webster first tried to earn his living in the field ofA. educationB. journalismC. lawD. medicine60. Apparently Webster published his first books while he was a __A. teacherB. studentC. lawyerD. doctor61. This article could be entitledA. Noah Webster and American English SpellingB. Noah Webster, the author of An American Dictionary of the English LanguageC. Noah WebsterD. Noah Webster and American English Grammar62. According to the article, Webster __A. had created American English and its usagesB. had discovered American English and improved itC. had tried his best and left a milestone on the language of his countryD. had left a language which was not used in England.Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:The oldest and simplest method, then of describing differences in personality was to classify people according to types, and such a system iscalled a Typology. A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B. C. A physician named Hippocratestheorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a harmonious personality. If a person had too much blood, he was called sanguine (血红色), or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bilewas choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, or depressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, or slow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates' fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these temperaments, have survived and are still useful, to someextent, in describing personality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physics, have also been used to classify personality. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors suchas heredity (遗传特征), the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology,and sociology are involved in these theories. Because of the complexity of human personality, present day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideas about what is most important in determining personality.63. According to Hippocrates' fluid theory, a manwith too much phlegm will be __A. optimisticB. easily angeredC. unexcitableD. pessimistic64. The main idea of this passage is about __A. the complicated factors in determining one's personalityB. Hippocrates' fluid theory and its developmentC. the past and today of personality classifications and theoriesD. different personalities and their details65. At present, psychologists __A. have common opinion about personality theories and classificationsB. use biology, archaeology and sociology to study personality theoriesC. have abandoned Hippocrates' fluid theory entirelyD. all agree that human beings are characterized with complex personalities66. According to this passage the factors which are still NOT used to classify personality areA. one's born features and needs of love and successB. one's height and weightC. one's hobbies and idealsD. the environment and intelligenceSection BDirections: You should answer Questions 67-75 which are based on the followingpassages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.Talking PointLearning a second language fuels children’s intelligence and makes their job prospects brighter. But the fact is, in New Zealand, as in many other English-speaking countries, speakers of two ormore languages are in the minority. Eighty-four per cent of New Zealanders are monolingual (speakers of only one language). This leaves a small number who claim to speak two or more languages - a small percentage of whom were born in New Zealand.No matter how proud people arc of their cultural roots, to speak anything other than English is a marker of difference here. That’s why eight-year-old Tiffany Dvorak no longer wishes to speak her mother-tongue, German, and eight-year-old Ani Powell is embarrassed when people comment on the fact that she is able to speak Maori (新西兰毛利人的毛利语>.As Joanne Powell, Ani’s mother, points out: “In Europe, it’s not unusual for kids to be bilingual. But, if you speak another language to your children in New Zealand, there are some people who think that you are not helping them to become a member of society.”But in fact, the general agreement among experts is that learning a second language is good for children. Experts believe that bilinguals - people who speak two languages -have a clear learning advantage over their monolingual schoolmates. This depends on how much of each language they can speak, not on which language is used, so it doesn’t matter whether they arc learning Maori or German or Chinese or any other language.Cathie Elder, a professor of Language Teaching and Learning at Auckland University, says: “A lot of studies have shown that children who speak more than one language sometimes learn one language more slowly, but in the end they do as well as their monolingual schoolmates, and often better, in other subjects. The view is that there isan improvement in general intelligence from the effort of learning another language.”Dr Brigitte Halford, a professor of linguistics at Freiburg University in Germany, agrees. “Bilinguals lend to use language better as a whole,” she says. “They also display greater creativity and problem-solving ability, and they learn further languages more easily.”So with all of the benefits, why do we not show more enthusiasm for learning other languages? Parents and teachers involved in bilingual education say pressure from friends at school, general attitudes to other languages in English-speaking countries, and problems in the school system arc to blame.In New Zealand, immigrants face the possibility of culture being lost along with the language their children no longer wish to speak. Tiffany’s mother, Susanne Dvorak, has experienced this. When she and husband Dieter left Germany six years ago to start up a new life in New Zealand, they thought it would be the perfect opportunity to raise their two-year-old as a bilingual. After all, bilingual Turkish families in Germany were normal and Susanne had read all the books she could find on the subject.The idea was to have home as a German language environment and for Tiffany to learn English at nursery school. But when Tiffany went to nursery school she stopped talking completely. She was quiet for about two or three months. Then, when she took up talking again, it was only in English. Concerned for her language development, Dieter started speaking English to his daughter while Susanne continued in German.Today, when Susanne speaks to her daughter in German, she still answers in English. “Or sometimes she speaks half and half. I checked with her teacher and she very seldom mixes up German and English at school. She speaks English like a New Zealander. It’s her German that’s behind，” says Susanne.Professor Halford, also a mother of two bilingual children, says, “It’s normal for kids to refuse to speak their home language at the stage when they start to socialise with other kids in kindergarten or school”. But, she says, this depends a lot on the attitudes of the societies in question. In monolingual societies, like New Zealand, “kids want to be like all the others and sometimes use bilingualism as one of the battlefields for finding their own identity in contrast to that of their parents.”She supports Susanne’s approach of not pressuring her daughter. “"Never force the child to use a specific language, just keep using it yourself. The child will accept that. There is often a time when children or teenagers will need to establish their own identity as different from their schoolmates and they may use their other language to do so.”Cathie Elder thinks immigrant parents should only speak English to their children if they are able to use English well themselves. “What parents should do is provide rich language experiences for their children in whatever language they speak well. They may feel like outsiders and want to speak the local language, but it is more important for the child's language development to provide a lot of language experience in any language.”There can be differences between children in attitudes to learning languages. Susanne Dvorak’s two-year-old son, Danyon，is already showing signs of speaking German and English equally well. While her “ideal” scenario hasn’t happened with Tiffany, she is aware that her daughter has a certain bilingual ability which, although mainly passive at this stage, may develop later on. Joanne Powell feels the same way about her daughter, Ani. “At the moment she may not want to speak Maori but that’s okay because she’ll pick it up agai n in her own time. It’s more important that she has the ability to understand who she is. By learning another language she can open the door to another culture.”Donna Chan, 25，a marketing specialist for IBM, arrived here with her parents from Hong Kong when she was four. She also remembers refusing to speak Chinese when she started primary school. But now she appreciates she had the chance to be bilingual. “It’s quite beneficial speaking another language in my job. Last year, my company sent me to a trade fair in Hong Kong because I could speak Chinese. Being bilingual definitely opens doors，” she says. Questions 67-69Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in this passage? For questions 67-69, chooseA.if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)B.if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)C.if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (NOT GIVEN)67.Most New Zealanders believe it is good to teach children a second language.68.Chinese is the most common foreign language in New Zealand.69.Some languages develop your intelligence more than others. .Questions 70-74Look at the following statements (Questions 70-74) and the list of people below.Match each statement with the correct person, A-E.Choose the correct letter, A-E, for questions 70-74 and mark your answer on the answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. 70.Children learning two languages may learn one language faster.71. It has been unexpectedly difficult to raise a bilingual child in New Zealand.72. Children’s attitudes to language depend on general social attitudes.73. Learning a second language provides opportunities to learn another culture.74. Speaking a second language provides work Question 75 Choose TWO letters, A-F. Choose the correct letters for question 75 and mark your answer on the answer sheet. 75. Which TWO people stopped speaking one language as a child?A. Donna ChanB. Susanne DvorakC. Tiffany DvorakD. Cathie ElderE. Brigitte HalfordF. Joanne Powell List of People A . Cathie Elder B . Brigitte Halford C . Susanne Dvorak D . Joanne Powell E . Donna Chan。

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2016年中国石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案花了一天时间做了一份真题答案，特做几点申明：1、仅为参考答案，由于水平问题，可能与每个人的答案会有出入，见仁见智吧，毕竟官方不给出标准答案。

2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索，尽可能地找到原题出处，实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。

3、每题后列出了题目出处，并做出简单解析。

前40题错误应该不多，阅读理解部分无法保证全对。

中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。

【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feel awkward 为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC. beginD.discontinue【参考答案】D7、Visiting in a humid climate will cause the traveler’s clothing to become saturated with sweat.A. stainedB. heatedC. drenchedD. trapped【参考答案】C【出处】大学六级试题【释义】saturated adj.浸透；湿透；（溶液）饱和的；深的stained adj.(被血或污物)染污的；有瑕疵或污点的；(因罪行)败坏名声的；染色的heated adj.愤怒的；激烈的；十分激动的；（用加热器）加热了的drenched adj.湿透的；含太多液体的；充满(液体)的trap v.诱捕；设计诱陷；安防臭瓣；发射(泥鸽)8、In the heart of the continent of Antarctica it is almost as high as the summits of the Alps.A. topsB. trailsC. apexesD. sites【参考答案】C【出处】2016版《通用选读》第60课Why Antarctica Is Being Explored第8段【释义】summit n.峰会；山顶；顶点；最高点top n.顶；上衣；陀螺；上面trails n.小路；长长地拖垂后头的东西；(流星等的)尾；衣裙apex n.顶点；最高点site n.网站；站点；现场；位置9、Now some scientists have revised their way of thinking.A. rejectedB. unclearC. amendedD.distasteful【参考答案】C【出处】新视野大学英语3课文1-6单元section B原文【释义】revise v.修订；修正；校阅；再检查reject v.拒绝；驳回；丢弃；不接受unclear adj.不清楚的；不确定的；难以掌握的；不完全明白amend v.改良；订正；改变(行为等)；改过distasteful adj.使人不愉快的；令人反感的；讨厌的10、It has been argued that oil may better be found by random drilling than by the appliance of scientific principles.A. foolishB. unplannedC.unavoidableD. wise【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第31课Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences第8段【释义】random adj.随机的foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的；感到荒谬；出丑unplanned adj.未计划（或筹划）的；意外的unavoidable adj.无法避免的；难以预防的wise adj.充满智慧的；明智的；英明的；明察善断的SectionBDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.11、Our overseas branch office is ____ to open in Dubai next month.A. advancedB. informedC. maintainedD. scheduled【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）模拟试题【释义】advance v.提前；进步；促进；预付inform v.通知；通告；知会；了解maintain v.维护；保持；坚持；抚养schedule v.安排；预定；为…安排时间12、Dear, do send the children to bed. I can't ____ their noise any longer.A. put up withB. put outC. put offD. put away【参考答案】A【出处】专升本英语考前复习试题【释义】put up with na. 忍住；忍耐putout v.扑灭；熄灭；放出；伸出put off na. 延期；辩解put away v.把…收起来；储存13、Sales promotion ____those promotional activities other than advertising, personal selling, and publicity.A. is consisted ofB. consists ofC. is composed fromD. composes from 【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第52课Sales Promotion第1段【释义】is consisted of 被动语态，由……组成的consists of v.由…构成；由…组成；由…组成14、These fuels____ heat when they burn.A. give upB. give offC. give awayD. give in【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第26课The Magic of Energy第13段【释义】give up na.放弃；断绝；投降；自首give off na.放出；发出；释放；散发出give away na.赠送；分发；放弃；露马脚give in na.让步；屈服；投降；上交15、I believe in the supreme worth of the individual and in his right __ life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.A. byB. to c. at D.over【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第7课Our Family Creed第5段16、Wherever you go inthe world, try to show respect for the values of the country you are in, ____ you do not necessarily agree with them.A. whateverB. even ifC.as ifD. provided【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第46课Cultural Taboos第6段【释义】whatever pron.[连接代词]无论；什么都；〈俚〉究竟…什么even if na.即使…也as if 仿佛；好像；俨然；似乎；就跟…一样provided conj.如果；假如；在…条件下17、Mainframe Software Company ____ its clients complete satisfaction with all its products.A. requestsB. admitsC.agreesD.guarantees【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）试题【释义】这里要选择谓语动词。

在空格之后是动词的双宾语its clients和complete satisfaction。

选项当中可以接直接宾语和间接宾语的只有guarantee。