托福听写作业1
2024托福考试必备听力历年真题练习
2024托福考试必备听力历年真题练习Part 1: Conversation-based Questions1. What is the main topic of the conversation?2. Where does the conversation most likely take place?3. What can be inferred about the woman?Part 2: Problem-Solving Questions1. What is the man's problem?2. What are the possible solutions mentioned?3. What solution does the woman suggest?Part 3: Academic Discussions1. What is the main purpose of the discussion?2. What is the man's opinion on the topic?3. What evidence does the woman provide to support her argument? Part 4: Academic Lectures1. What is the topic of the lecture?2. What is the professor's main point?3. How does the example illustrate the professor's main point?Part 5: Campus Life1. Which club is the woman a member of?2. Why does the woman need financial support?3. What does the man offer to do for the woman?Part 6: Academic and Social Skills1. What topic does the professor introduce?2. What is one characteristic of the topic?3. How can this characteristic be beneficial?Part 7: Science and Technology1. What is the main function of the new software?2. How does the new software differ from the old version?3. What benefit does the new software bring to users?Part 8: Advanced Level Discussions1. What is the main topic of the conversation?2. What is the man's opinion on the topic?3. How does the woman respond to the man's opinion?As the 2024 TOEFL exam is approaching, it is essential for test-takers to engage in practice sessions that familiarize them with the format and content of the listening section. One effective way to prepare is by practicing with authentic past TOEFL listening questions.In the first part of the listening section, conversation-based questions are asked. These questions assess your ability to understand the main topic of aconversation, the location where the conversation is most likely taking place, and inferencing skills about the individuals involved.The second part of the listening section focuses on problem-solving questions. These questions require you to identify the problem the speaker is facing, analyze potential solutions mentioned, and determine the best solution based on the information provided.Part three comprises academic discussions, where you are expected to identify the main purpose of the discussion, the opinions of the speakers, and supporting evidence used in the conversation.In the fourth part, academic lectures are presented, and you need to comprehend the lecture topic, understand the professor's main point, and recognize how examples or illustrations are used to support the main point.The fifth part revolves around campus life, where you must gather information about the activities, clubs, and student organizations, as well as understand the financial support and assistance offered by individuals or institutions.For the sixth part, academic and social skills are discussed. You are required to recognize the topic introduced by the professor, identify specific characteristics, and understand the potential benefits associated with these characteristics.The seventh part focuses on science and technology, exploring advancements and innovations. It requires you to understand the main functions of software or devices, identify differences between different versions, and recognize the benefits provided by newer technologies.The eighth part consists of advanced level discussions, where complex topics are debated. You are expected to identify the main topic of the conversation, grasp the speakers' opinions, and understand how the conversation unfolds based on different perspectives.By practicing with past TOEFL listening questions, you can improve your listening skills, become more familiar with various question types, and enhance your understanding of spoken English. Regular practice will help you feel more confident and prepared for the listening section of the 2024 TOEFL exam.Remember to listen carefully, take notes when necessary, and pay attention to key details and information. Developing good listening strategies and practicing with a variety of listening materials will significantly contribute to your success in the TOEFL listening section.。
托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本Student: Hi, um…, I really hope you can help me.Librarian: That’s why I’m here. What can I do for you?Student: I’m supposed to do a literature review for my psychology course, but um… having a hard time finding articles.I don’t even know where to start looking.Librarian: You said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on …Student: Dream Interpretation.Librarian: Well, you have a focus, so that’s already a good start. Hmmm… well, there’re a few things… oh wait… have you checked to see if your professor put any material for you to look at on reserve?Student: Aha, that’s one thing I did know to do. I just copied an article, but I still need three more on my topic from three different journals.Librarian: Let’s get you going on looking for those then. We have printed versions of twenty or so psychology journals in the Reference Section. These are the ones published within the last year. Then I think about it… there’s a journal named Sleep and Dream.Student: Oh, yeah, the article I just copied is from that journal, so I’ve got to look at other source s.Librarian: Ok, actually, most of our materials are available electronically now. You can access psychology databases or electronic journals and articles through the library’s computers,and if you want to search by title with the word ‘dream’ for exampl e, just type it in and all the articles with ‘dream’ in the title will come up on the screen.Student: Cool, that’s great! Too bad I cannot do this from home.Librarian: But you can. All of the library's databases and electronic sources can be accessed through any computer connected to the university network.Student: Really, I can’t believe I didn’t know that. It still sounds like it’sgoing to take a while though, you know, going through all of that information, all of those sources.Librarian: Maybe, but you already narrow your search down to articles on Dream Interpretation, so it shouldn’t be too bad. And you probably notice that there’s an abstract or summary at the top of the first page of the article you copied. When you go into the databases and electronic sources, you have the option to display the abstracts on the computer screen, skimming those to decide whether or not you want to read the whole article should cut down some time.Student: Right, abstracts! They’ll definitely make the project more doable. I guess I should try out the electronic search while I’m still here then, you know, just in case.Librarian: Sure, er… that computer’s free over there, and I’ll be here till five this afternoon.Student: Thanks, I feel a lot better about this assignment now.托福TPO1听力Conversation1题目1.Why does the student go to see the librarian?a) To sign up for a seminar on using electronic sources for researchb) To report that a journal is missing from the reference areac) To find out the procedure for checking out journal articlesd) To ask about how to look for resources for a class paper2.What does the librarian say about the availability of journals and articles in the library?a) They are not easy to find if a professor put them on reserve.b) Most of them are accessible in an electronic format.c) Most of them can be checked out for three weeks.d) Printed versions from the past three years are located in the reference section.3.What does the librarian suggest the student should do to save time?。
托福TPO33听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO33听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO33听力Conversation1文本 Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and a university employee. Student: Hi. I am a little lost. Um, is this the housing maintenance office? Employee: You found it. How can I help you? Student: Oh, good. I have a quick question. Are we allowed to keep electric heaters in our rooms? Employee: Actually, you are not. What’s going on? Your room cold? Student: It’s freezing in my room. I think the heat went out or something. Employee: Are you sure it’s out? Maybe it just got turned out too far. Student: Oh, no. I tried adjusting the, uh, the heat control, but it doesn’t make any difference. It’s so cold in my bedroom I can’t sleep at night. I’ve actually been sleeping on the sofa in the front room. The heat still works in there. Actually, we get hot air in all the bedrooms except ours. Employee: Wow! Do you have a roommate? Student: Yeah. But she said she isn’t bothered by the cold. But on the sofa, I am kept up by the noise out in the hall. The dorms can sometimes get pretty noisy. So what can be done about it? Employee: Well, OK. There’s a couple of things we can do. I can have a custodian take a look at it and see if he can do something. Student: Actually, I asked the custodian yesterday to take a look. But he said he couldn’t find anything wrong. He said that some of the other rooms have lost heat also and that if we’d come here you guys would fix it. Employee: Oh, he did? That’s weird, because I would have…well, the custodians themselves are usually supposed to report any problems right away. OK. In that case, then what you need to do is…here, fill out this form. Student: I have to fill out a form? Employee: Yeah, but at least that’ll put your heater problem in a work order for the maintenance crew and they’ll get to you as soon as possible. Just so you know, because it’s not winter yet and it’s not as cold as it could be, it may take a few days for a maintenance crew to get to you. Student: A few days? I can’t even sleep in my own room! Can’t we just get an electric heater? Employee: I am sorry. But students just aren’t allowed. OK. I can see that this is a problem, and not just with your room. So if you can get the form back to me this afternoon, I’ll try to get a maintenance crew to look at your problem by tomorrow. How’s that? Student: Oh, that would be great. Seriously. I have to take off now. But when I fill this form out, I give it to you, right? Employee: Right. And if I am not here, just put it in my box and I’ll get it. 托福TPO33听力Conversation1题目 1.Why does the woman go to see the man? A. To ask about a university policy regarding dorm room. B. To report excessive noise in her room. C. To report that room temperatures are too high in her room. D. To inquire about the status of a request she had made for a repair 2.How has the woman been dealing with her problem? A. By using an electric heater. B. By staying in a different building. C. By sleeping in another room in her building. D. By exchanging rooms with a friend. 3.What does the man imply about the custodian? A. The custodian is not usually responsible for making repairs. B. The custodian did not follow correct procedures. C. The custodian needs permission before making repairs. D. The custodian had reported the problem earlier. 4.Why does the man mention winter? A. To suggest that an electric heater is not yet necessary. B. To show that he understands the woman’s frustration. C. To encourage the woman to move to another room. D. To explain why it may take time to fix the woman’s problem. 5.What will the man do to help the woman? A. He will fill out a maintenance request form for her. B. He will send a maintenance team to her room soon. C. He will order a new heater for her room right away. D. He will allow her to change room temporarily. 托福TPO33听力Conversation1答案解析 Q1题目解析： 正确答案：A Woman: I have a quick question. Are we allowed to keep electric heaters in our rooms?这句话表示女学生来的目的就是问能否在房间里有电暖气。
2023年托福听说读写题目汇总(1.10—10
2023年托福听说读写题目汇总(1.10—10听力题目1. 第一套题目- 题目内容：主题为音乐的课程- 题目类型：学术讨论- 主要考点：听力理解、主旨概括2. 第二套题目- 题目内容：学校图书馆的使用规则- 题目类型：广播通知- 主要考点：听力理解、细节理解3. 第三套题目- 题目内容：学生活动中心的活动安排- 题目类型：学生访谈- 主要考点：听力理解、时间顺序4. 第四套题目- 题目内容：动物行为研究项目- 题目类型：学术讲座- 主要考点：听力理解、关键信息口语题目1. 第一套题目- 题目内容：描述你最喜欢的电影- 题目类型：个人经历- 主要考点：流利表达、详细描述2. 第二套题目- 题目内容：谈论历史上的重要事件- 题目类型：学术讨论- 主要考点：逻辑连贯、观点阐述3. 第三套题目- 题目内容：讨论未来的职业发展- 题目类型：个人见解- 主要考点：提供理由、展望未来4. 第四套题目- 题目内容：你喜欢的旅行目的地- 题目类型：个人经历- 主要考点：具体细节、感受表达阅读题目1. 第一套题目- 题目内容：关于古代文明的研究- 题目类型：学术文章- 主要考点：理解文章观点、识别细节2. 第二套题目- 题目内容：环保措施对城市发展的影响- 题目类型：报告摘录- 主要考点：文章主题、阅读理解3. 第三套题目- 题目内容：高科技产品的发展趋势- 题目类型：新闻报道- 主要考点：文章观点、推理能力4. 第四套题目- 题目内容：动物对人类的价值和作用- 题目类型：科普文章- 主要考点：作者态度、文章细节写作题目1. 第一套题目- 题目内容：网络对人际关系的影响- 题目要求：提供论据支持观点- 主要考点：论述能力、逻辑分析2. 第二套题目- 题目内容：是否应该把研究放在第一位- 题目要求：提供个人观点和理由- 主要考点：个人观点表达、论证能力3. 第三套题目- 题目内容：电子书和纸质书的比较- 题目要求：分析利弊并给出建议- 主要考点：分析能力、提供建议4. 第四套题目- 题目内容：工作与家庭平衡的挑战- 题目要求：提供解决方案- 主要考点：问题意识、实用建议以上是2023年托福听说读写题目汇总(1.10—10.10)的内容。
官方真题TPO1托福独立写作题目文本+满分范文
官方真题TPO1托福独立写作题目文本+满分范文现在大家在进行托福备考时官方真题Official托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，对于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。
托福听力可以说是整个托福考试当中比较重要的一个部分，如何利用现有资料官方真题Official模考软件来提升大家的托福成绩呢?今天我在这里整理了官方真题Official1托福独立写作题目文本+满分（范文）来分享给大家，希望对大家托福备考有帮助。
官方真题TPO1托福独立写作题目文本+满分范文官方真题Official1托福独立写作题目原文：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.官方真题Official1托福独立写作满分范文1：As people regard education as an essential part of life more and more, where the educational budgets should be devoted to rises to a hot topic. Some people hold the view that money is supposed to be put into classes and libraries, while others believe that an equal amount of financial support should begiven to sports and social activities at universities and colleges. From my perspective, sports and social activities make a complete campus life together with classes and libraries, so I firmly agree with the statement. First of all, playing sports makes a person healthy and energetic to face the future challenges. It can be seen everywhere that more and more students wear glasses, and too much reading along with facing computers for a long time makes it even worse. Then they may suffer from eye problems or other physical diseases. The only way of improving this case is to encourage them to take some time relaxing in sports. Furthermore, playing a ball game together is the best method to promote teamwork spirit. After a period of playing together, members will develop a way to solve problems and achieve their common goal. Therefore, sports strengthen ones body as well as enhance the spirit of teamwork. Besides, social activities can help foster abilities that students cannot gain during classes or self-studying. Though being smart and diligent, some students are called pedants because of not being able to exchange ideas with others freely. Only if a person is equipped with knowledge and is capable of expressing it can he become competent. So, it is significant for them to take part in social activities with the aim oflifting their communication skills. When pedants are forced to talking with others, its a great chance for them to make new friends and express their thoughts, which may be an opportunity for their future career. Last but not the least is that the places provided for sports and social activities are in need of money. It is common that the school will spend a large sum of money to purchase updated books and facilities to fulfill the requirements of classes and libraries. However, finding a suitable place to play sports or hold social activities is always hard. Take my university as an example, if I want to read a book, I can easily find a seat in the library, but if I want to run for half an hour, the crowded gym will just turn me into a upset mood. Then, requiring the same amount of financial support to ameliorate the condition is just reasonable. In a nutshell, financial support should be contributed to sports and social activities just like classes and libraries, for they help with strengthening bodies, making progress in communication skills and they are in shortage of fund.官方真题Official1托福独立写作满分范文2：Some people claim that universities and colleges should not spend a great deal of money on sports and social activities, as their budgets should prioritize classes and libraries.However, as educational institutions, universities and colleges have an obligation to provide a wide range of knowledge to their students to help them develop academically and socially. An increasing number of businesses have high demand for people who are not only specialists in their fields, but also skilled in social interaction. With the ever changing science and technology, no task can be fulfilled by a single person and given the need for collaboration, social skills and team spirit are indispensable qualities for success. Clearly, sports and social activities in universities and colleges provide students with the perfect settings to practice their social skills. By playing football in a team or joining in a contest, for instance, students can develop a sense of belonging and experience team spirit, both of which are quite essential for their future careers. Aside from fostering social skills and team spirit, sports and social activities can greatly help students release their pressures. Nowadays, students not only have to finish all the tasks assigned by teachers, but also have to attend many extra-curricular training courses. Even the most enthusiastic people feel tired and exhausted if they keep this busy schedule for a pretty long time. For example, when I was in high school, I would playbasketball with my classmates. I could always get good refreshment and resume schoolwork with higher efficiency later on. Admittedly, academic education will always be at the heart of a university. In universities, sports and social activities should by no means take the place of a focus on academic study. However, what I believe is that universities and colleges are supposed to invest in academics as well as sports and social activities. For instance, in the United States, almost all famous universities have plenty of sports teams and social groups, and universities provide adequate financial support for these events. Both of these fields are highly valued. For these reasons, I maintain that universities and colleges should spend enough money on academic education and social movements to prepare students for their future development.如何提高托福写作速度?一、打字速度作为互联网的一代，绝大部分考生对键盘应当是相当熟悉对，并且用中文打字的速度也是十分的快速，但是为什么偏偏英文就不行呢?答案很简单，大家熟悉的是中文拼音的排列组合。
听写正确文本1-10 (1)
托福听写作业1正确原文：This morning I want to tell you about a recent scientific discovery dealing with the relationship between plants and animals. This is about a desert shrub whose leaves can shoot a stream of poisonous resin a distance of six feet. You think it would be safe from all attacks by insects? But a recent study has found one insect, a beetle that can chew its way past the plant's defense system by cutting the main vein that delivers the poison to the leaves. This vein cutting is just one method the beetles used to prepare a safe meal. Another is by cutting a path all the way across the leaves to hold the flow of chemicals. Then they simply eat between the veins of poison. In the past, scientists who studied insect adaptation to plant defenses have focused on chemical responses, that is, how the insects can neutralize or alter the poisonous substances plants produce. What's unique about this chewing strategy is that the beetle is actually exhibiting a behavioral response to the plant's defenses rather than the more common chemical response. It is only after a beetle's survived several encounters with the plant's resin that it learns how to avoid the poison: by chewing through the resin transporting veins on the next leaf it eats, and thus gives itself a safe meal. However, it can take a beetle an hour and a half of careful vein cutting to prepare a small leaf that takes it only a few minutes to eat. So, though the method is effective, it's not very efficient.生词摘录：1. shrub: n. 灌木2. resin: n. 树脂3. beetle: n. 甲壳虫4. vein: n. 静脉5. neutralize: v. 中和6. alter: v. 改变托福听写作业2正确原文：Human populations near the equator have evolved dark skin over many generations because of exposure to the fiercest rays of the sun. A similar phenomenon has also occurred in other parts of the animal kingdom. The African grass mouse is a good example. Most mice are nocturnal, but the African grass mouse is active during daylight hours. This means that it spends its days searching for food in the semi-dry bush in scrubby habitats of eastern and southern Africa. Its furry stripe's like a chipmunk's, which helps it blend in with its environment. Because it spends a lot of time in the intense tropical sun, the grass mouse has also evolved two separate safeguards against the sun's ultraviolet radiation. First, like the population of humans in this region of the world, the skin of the grass mouse contains lots of melanin, or dark pigment. Second and quite unusual, this mouse has a layer of melanin-pigmented tissue between its skull and skin. This unique cap provides an extra measure of protection for the grass mouse and three other types of African mouse, like rodents that are active during the day. The only other species scientists has identified with the same sort of skull adaptation is the white tent-making bat of the Central American tropics. Although these bats sleep during the day, they do so curled up with their heads exposed to the sun.生词摘录：1. equator: n. 赤道2. nocturnal: adj. 夜行的3. scrubby: adj. 树丛繁盛的4. stripe: n. 条纹5. chipmunk: n. 花栗鼠6. ultraviolet: adj. 紫外线的7. melanin: n. 黑色素8. pigment: n. 色素9. rodent: n. 啮齿类动物10. s kull: n. 头骨托福听写作业3正确原文：We've been looking at fear from a biological perspective, and someone asked whether the tendency to be fearful is genetic. What some studies done with mice indicate that mammals do inherit fearfulness to some degree. In one study, for instance, a group of mice was placed in a brightly lit open box with no hiding places. Some of the mice wandered around the box and didn't appear to be bothered about being so exposed. But other mice didn't move. They stayed up against one wall which indicated that they were afraid. Well, when fearful mice, or you might say anxious mice like the ones who stayed in one place, when mice like these were bred with one another repeatedly, after about twelve or so generations, then all of the offspring showed similar signs of fearfulness. And even when a new born mouse from this generation was raised by a mother and with other mice who were not fearful, that mouse still tended to be fearful as an adult. Now why is this? Well it's thought that specific genes in an animal's body have an influence on anxious behavior. These are genes that are associated with particular nerve-cell receptors in the brain. And the degree of overall of fearfulness in the mammal seems to depend in large part on the presence or absence of these nerve-cell receptors. And this appears to apply to humans as well by the way. But while a tendency towards anxiety and fear may well be an inherited trait, the specific form that the fear takes has more to do with the individual's environment. So a particular fear, like the fear of snakes or the fear of spider, say, is not genetic, but the overall tendency to have fearful responses, is.生词摘录：1. genetic: adj. 遗传的2. offspring: n. 子孙，后代3. receptor: n. 接受器托福听写作业4正确原文：Let's turn our focus now to advertising. We all know what an advertisement is. It's essentially a message that announces something for sale. Now there's animportant precondition that must exist before you have advertising, and that'sa large supply of consumer goods, that is, things to sell. You see in a place where the demand for a product is greater than the supply, there is no need to advertise. Now the earliest forms of advertising going back many hundreds of years with a simple sign over shop doors that told you whether the shop was a bakery, a butcher shop or what have you. Then with the advent of printing press, advertising increased substantially. Ads for products like coffee, tea and chocolate appeared in newspapers and other periodicals, as well as on the sidesof building. In the American colonies, advertising and communications media like newspapers and pamphlets became a major factor in marketing goods and services. By modern standards, these early advertisements were quite small and subdued, not as splashy, whole page spread of today. Still some of them appeared on the front pages of newspapers probably because the news often consisted of less refresh reports from distant Europe while the ads were current and local. Advertising really came and do it so and became an essential part of doing business during the industrial revolution. Suddenly there was a much greater supply of things to sell. And as we said earlier, that is the driving force behind advertising. People's attention had to be drawn to the new product. Let's take a look at some of the advertisements from that time.生词摘录：1. essentially: adv. 本质上，本来2. precondition: n. 先决条件3. bakery: n. 面包店4. butcher: n. 屠户5. periodical: n. 期刊6. pamphlet: n. 小册子7. subdued: adj. 被抑制的8. splashy: adj. 大而显眼的，引人注目的托福听写作业5正确原文：Moving away from newspapers, let's now focus on magazines. Now, the first magazine was a little periodical called The Review, and it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time. But in terms of its content, it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events, but The Review focused on important domestic issues of the day as well as the policies of the government. Now in England at the time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that were critical of the king. And that's what happened to Daniel Defoe. He was the outspoken founder of The Review. Defoe actually wrote the first issue of The Review from prison. You see, he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was headed by the king. After his release, Defoe continued to produce The Review and magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week, it didn't take long for other magazines to start popping up. In 1709, a magazine called The Tatler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis, and philosophical essays.生词摘录：1. periodical: n. 期刊2. The Review: 《评论》杂志3. Daniel Defoe: 丹尼尔·笛福(1660 -1731)，生于伦敦一小工商业者家庭，1731年4月26日卒于莫尔福德。
托福听写作业
托福听写作业15听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面）订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面）It may seem strange that we are discussing music from a Broadway production in this class. The Lion King especially since it is based on a popular Hollywood movie. I mean music perform for Broadway theater in the heart of New York City, surely would seem to be in the western tradition of popular music. And not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course, such as gamelonmusic of Indonesia or Zulu chants of South Africamusic that developed outside in the Western tradition of Europe and America. But in fact musicians have long-standing tradition of borrowing from one another’s cultures. And this production's director intentionally included both western and non-western music. That way some of the rhythms, instruments and harmonies typically from non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in North America and Europe. Music like rock, jazz or Broadway styles show tunes. So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one on the music from the show Lion King as a way of summarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and non-western music that we have been studying. Now the African influence on the music is clear, the story takes place in Africa, so the director got a South Africa composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. And the songs even include words from African languages. But we will get back to the African influence later. First let's turn to the music which is written for the shadow puppet scenes in Lion King. Music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theaterof that region.正确原文：It may seem strange that we're discussing music from a Broadway production in this class. The Lion King especially since it's based on a popular Hollywood movie. I mean music performed for Broadway theater in the heart of New York city surely would seem to be in the western tradition of popular music and not have much in common with the music we have been studying in this course such as gamelan music of Indonesia or Zulu chants of South Africa music that developed outside the western tradition of Europe and America. But in fact, musicians have a long-standing tradition of borrowing from one another's cultures. And this production's director intentionally included both western and non-western music. That way some of the rhythms, instruments, harmonies typical of non-western music contrast with and complement popular music more familiar to audiences in North America and Europe, music like rock, jazz, or Broadway style show tunes. So I want to spend the rest of this class and most of the next one on the music from the show The Lion King as a way ofsummarizing some of the technical distinctions between typical western music and the nonwestern music that we've been studying. Now, the African influence on the music is clear. The story takes place in Africa. So the director got a South African composer to write songs with a distinctly African sound. And the songs even include words from African languages. But we'll get back to the African influence later. First, let's turn to the music that was written for the shadow puppet scenes in The Lion King music based on the Indonesian music used in the shadow puppet theater of that region.生词摘录：1.Broadway: 百老汇2.The Lion King: 狮子王3.Hollywood: 好莱坞4.gamelan: 加麦兰(一组印尼的民族管弦乐器)5.Indonesia: 印度尼西亚6.Zulu: 祖鲁人的7.chant: n. 旋律，歌曲8.long-standing: adj. 长期的，长久的9.intentionally: adv. 有意地，故意地10.tune: n. 曲调，调子poser: n. 作曲家12.shadow: n. 影子13.puppet: n. 木偶。
托福(听力)历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)
托福（听力）历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Listening ComprehensionSection One：Listening Comprehension听力原文：Listen to a conversation between a student (S) and her architecture professor (P).S: Yesterday I happened to be flicking through one of my roommate’s magazines when a striking digital image of an urban building caught my attention. The unusual form of the building, specifically the way its roof was shaped into several steep, sharp points, it was really unique. Kind of futuristic, you know? When I stopped and actually read the article describing it, I was even more intrigued! The team that’s proposing the design calls it an “iceberg.”P: Yes, I’ve heard about that. The iceberg design is a fascinating concept. Are you considering using that for your model project?S: Yes, that’s exactly what I mean! It’s really cutting-edge.P: It is. What you’re working with, essentially, is a building that really boils down to two components: a steel skeleton and also a flexible high-tech plastic fabric that encases the steel skeleton.S: Yeah! I remember reading that. It’s supposed to function pretty much like a tent, right?P: That’s correct! It uses hardly any building materials as a result. Fewer materials mean that it’s more environmentally friendly. Now, do you know why the iceberg was proposed?S:No.P: Well, it was the designer’s mission to create buildings that could be very quickly assembled to provide attractive retail space.S: Hmm..., interesting.P: You see, undeveloped city sites need to be effectively used; otherwise they might become a huge financial burden to the property owner. The owner has to continue to pay taxes on the land, even when it’s nothing more than an empty lot. So with their vision, they thought of putting up an iceberg. The property owner would rent out the space and that would help generate income for the owner.S: Awesome! I’m pretty sure that the iceberg concept would be ideal for the project now.P: Seems so. And you read about air beams in the magazine article, right?S: Actually, I saw the term used a couple of times, but I didn’t quite understand the details.P: Well, one reason that this type of building is able to morph into such unusual shapes and lean its walls at such extreme angles is that empty sections of plastic are sewn in, and these sections are then inflated with air. These inflated air beams make it possible to have different types of extensions on each building, like the pointed sections of the roof you mentioned. And they’re sturdy, solid, and still very light weight.S: Ahh...I guess this is why they’re nicknamed “inflatable buildings.”P: That’s right, so they’re a feature critical to get right, ok?S: Got it. I’ll make sure to get up to speed on that then.P: Great! Oh, by the way, before you head off, are you going to be able to join the group for the field trip to the Frank Lloyd Wright house? I have to submit the names to the dean. It’s on the 20th, remember?S: Oh, yes, the 20th. It’s on the syllabus, but you said that it was voluntary, right?1．Why does the student speak with the professor?A．To discuss an architectural concept she would like to work with.B．To review her work on a project she recently submitted.C．To ask for assistance coming up with an idea for her assignment.D．To go over an article the professor had assigned.正确答案：A解析：目的主旨题。
托福TPO1综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO1综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO1综合写作阅读原文文本： In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay inorder to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent)of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option. The shortened workweek would increase company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring morestaff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional payroll costs because four-day employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone employees for the same money, which would increase company profits. For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate. Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities. 托福TPO1综合写作听力原文文本： Offering employees the option of a four-day workweek won't affect the company profits, economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests.First, offering a four-day workweek will probably force companies to spend more, possibly a lot more. Adding new workers means putting much more money into providing training and medical benefits. Remember the costs of things like health benefits can be the same whether an employee works four days or five. And having more employees also requires more office space and more computers. These additional costs would quickly cut into company profits.Second, with respect to overall employment, it doesn't follow that once some employees choose a four-day work week, many more jobs will become available. Hiring new workers is costly, as I argued a moment ago. And companies have other options. They might just choose to ask their employees to work overtime to make up the difference. Worse, companies might raise expectations. They might start to expect that their four-dayemployees can do the same amount of work they used to do in five days. If this happens, then no additional jobs will be created and current jobs will become more unpleasant.Finally, while a four-day workweek offers employees more free time to invest in their personal lives, it alsopresents some risks that could end up reducing their quality of life. Working a shorter week can decrease employees' job stability and harm their chances for advancing their careers. Four-day employees are likely to be the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn. They may also be passed over for promotions because companies might prefer to have five-day employees in management positions to ensure continuous coverage and consistent supervision for the entire workweek. 托福TPO1综合写作满分范文： The passage argues that four-day work week will benefit companies, the whole economy, and individuals. But in the lecture, the professor holds a totally different view that no one will be beneficial from the new work week. Firstly, the passage says that companies will get more profits for employees can work more effectively. However, the lecture points out that four-day workweek will lead to spend more. That is because companies have to spend more money on training, medical benefits, office positions, even new computers. Secondly, the passage claims that the whole economy will benefit, for the four-day workweek is a way to reduce unemployment rates. The lecture refutes the idea completely. Admittedly, there are more available jobs, but companies will prefer to let employees work overtime to finish them for hiring new staff is too expensive. In addition, the companies may lift their expectation that staff finish five-day jobs within four-day. Thirdly, the passage suggests that individual employees can benefit from it. Though the four-day workweek can provide more leisure time to employees, the lecture argues against the passage. Comparing to five-day workers, the four-day workweek employees may be the first one to be fire during economic depression. And they will have less chance to promotion because companies wish that managers could be on duty every work day. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO1综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福综合作文听力TPO(1-33)原文全集
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福综合作文听力TPO(1-33)原文全集摘要：今天小编为大家带来的资料是托福综合作文听力TPO(1-33)原文全集，相信这是份非常权威的资料，很多考生都在考试中使用过，准确的运用是对考试很有帮助的，下面我们一起来看看精彩内容吧。
今天小编为大家带来的资料是托福综合作文听力TPO(1-33)原文全集，托福写作是要大家积累很多的备考专业知识，不能错过任何一个备考的细节，下面我们就一起来看看本资料的精彩内容。
Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.The twentieth century has brought with it many advances. With those advances, human lives have changed dramatically. In some ways life is worse, but mostly it is better. Changes in food preparation methods, for example, have improved our lives greatly.The convenience of preparing food today is amazing. Even stoves have gotten too slow for us. Microwave cooking is much easier. We can press a few buttons and a meal is completely cooked in just a short time. People used to spend hours preparing a home-cooked meal, and now they can use that time for other, better things. Plus, there are all kinds of portable, prepackaged foods we can buy. Heat them in the office microwave, and lunch at work is quick and easy.Food preparation today allows for more variety. With refrigerators and freezers, we can preserve a lot of different foods in our homes. Since technology makes cooking so much faster, people are willing to make several dishes for even a small meal. Parents are more likely to let children be picky, now that they can easily heat them up some prepackaged macaroni and cheese on the side. Needless to say, adults living in the same house may have very different eating habits as well. If they don’t want to cook a lot of different dishes, it’s common now to eat out at resHealthy eating is also easier than ever now. When people cook, they use new fat substitutes and cooking sprays to cut fat and calories. This reduces the risk of heart disease and high cholesterol. Additionally, we can buy fruits and vegetable fresh, frozen or canned. They are easy to prepare, so many of us eat more of those nutritious items daily. A hundred years ago, you couldn’t imagine the process of taking some frozen fruit and ice from the freezer, adding some low-fat yogurt from a plastic cup and some juice from a can in the refrigerator, and whipping up a low-fat smoothie in the blender!Our lifestyle is fast, but people still like good food. What new food preparation technology has given us is more choices. Today, we can prepare food that is more convenient, healthier, and of greater variety than ever before in history.以上就是小编摘取托福综合作文听力TPO(1-33)原文全集的部分内容，大家一定要认真看认真揣摩，这样我们的备考才能达到最大的效果，希望对大家有帮助。
托福考试写作练习参考
托福考试写作练习参考2023年托福考试写作练习参考（精选10篇）对于学者获得的成就，是恭维还是挑战?我需要的是后者，因为前者只能使人陶醉、而后者却是鞭策。
以下是店铺为大家搜整理的托福考试写作练习参考，希望能给大家带来帮助!托福考试写作练习参考 1With the gradually raised awareness of health, how to improve health care has become anissue of public concern and interest. Many scientists and environmentalists have fully realizedthe negative impact of environmental deterioration on the public health and propose that themost important thing for government to improve health care is to clean the environment.However, in my eyes, the above viewpoint has oversimplified the complicated situation.Indeed, a clean environment plays an important role in improving health care, becausevarious environmental pollutions have posed a threat to the public health. To illustrate, thehaze occurring in large cities of China has made thousands of people fall victims to respiratorydiseases. However, it is a piece of overemphasis to claim that cleaning the environment is themost important way for government to improve health care, because there are other two wayswhich are equally important.First of all, developing medical technology is another effective way to improve health care.Given the indisputable fact that there remain many incurable diseases such as cancer and AIDSacross the globe, the appropriate technology of treatment and therapy is in great need. As aresult, government is supposed to assume the responsibility of making progress in medicaltechniques, for the sake of curing the serious diseasesand thus prolonging the life expectancy.The elemination of SARS in the year of 2003 can be a good case in point. Upon the outbreak ofSARS, most cities and provinces in China are affected. Immediately, the government not onlyassembled a group of medical professionals and excellent experts, but also allocated massiveinvestment in the medical research for vaccine. Unexpectedly, the emergency was perfectlyaddressed and the same is true of curing other diseases.Besides that, government should place emphasis on improving the sports infrastructure.As is common sense, governmental support for public sports facilities can create a place for theaverage people to work out regularly. Obviously, the more exercise people engage in, thestronger their immune system will become. The sound immune system can serve as a shieldto resist various diseases, which finally lead to the better health of the public. Take my ownexperience as an example. In my community, the sports facilities contain nothing but a trackin disrepair and a swing for kids. In this case, the residents have nowhere to do sports eventhough they may be willing to. However, if the local government could invest a sum of moneyto build new playgrounds and establish Pingpang tables, I bet lots of people will becomeinterested in exercising, thus becoming more physically healthy.Fatoring what has been discussed above in, we can draw the conclusion that it is anexaggeration to say that the most important thing for government to improve health care isto clean the environment. I firmly recommend that government should attach equalimportance to the above three measures in order to improve health care.托福考试写作练习参考 2It is only worth watching movies that teach us something of real life.Movies have been a major source of entertainment for people regardless of your socialstatus. Some people consume movies for fun or just regard them as a great pass time whileothers seek for inspiration and motivation in movies. When it comes to the question of whatkinds of movies are worth watching, different people tend to give distinctive views. I personallythink that we should not just watch movies that teach us something of real life and there aremore benefits one can get when watching a movie.Admittedly, a lot of movies whether it is science fiction, action, or even thriller are verymuch based on real life scenario and indeed one can learn enormously by watching movies thathas an implication on real life. For example, the Pursuit of Happiness, starring Will Smith isdefinitely a great movie worth watching. It depicts a single father who lived a hard life and triedto climb the social ladder, he tried a lot of professions and ended up being in a total disaster.Eventually, with great determination, perseverance and will power he became a successfulstock broker. It is very touching and inspiring. However, movies that are worth watching arenot limited to the ones that can teach us lesson about real life and people consume movies forother important purposes.People consume movies in part for entertainment and amusement, this is especially truefor people who usually have a busy schedule. For instance, students are generally overwhelmedwith all kinds of assignment in school, like preparing for exam, working on research papers anddelivering presentations, sometimes they need to switch off and go to themovie theater toenjoy their personal lives. Actually, it can be great fun to munch on some chips, sipping onesfavorite soda and enjoy a great movie. One can invite some friends to watch the movietogether, and watching the movie together brings friends much more closer. After watching amovie, one can feel refreshed and energetic when going back to study or work.Additionally, watching movies can have other kinds of benefits besides learning somethingabout real life. Watching movies is a great way for kids to get exposure to the latestdevelopment in science and technology and they can stir up their imagination and be morecreative. In a lot of science fiction movies, there are numerous gadgets and inventions thatcan lighten kids interest in science. More importantly, one can learn some academic theories inphysics, aerospace, so on and so forth. For example, I learned a lot of knowledge like starmovement parterns, black hole, Bodes Law, and even the asteroid belt in a lot of sciencefiction movies.In conclusion, it is not true to claim that people only need to watch movies that give somelessons about real life. Learning important lessons about life is just one benefit of watchingmovies, indeed the benefit of watching movies goes far beyond that since we also consumemovies for leisure and knowledge.托福考试写作练习参考 3The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlledtransmission techniques.Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.托福考试写作练习参考 4When famous people give their opinions, many people listen. Should we pay attention to those remarks?When Tom Cruise once appeared in a TV program, he was too excited so he jumped up and down the couch. Later jump the couch was adopted in the American dictionary for slang. This is a bit exaggerating, but it definitely reflects the fact that when famous people give their opinions, many people listen. But, should we pay attention to these remarks or actions?Firstly, famous people are famous, for they have one or few aspects that exceed common people. Like Albert Einstein once said, I think and think for months, for years, ninety-nine times the conclusion false, but the hundredth time I am right. As a brilliant scientist, he speaks of the right attitudes towards science and inspires countless people to fight for the truth. Hollywood actors or actresses, they may talk about their dressing styles or skin cares on magazine. These are all advice that we might as well take, for real life is not just serious academic things but also thesatisfaction of living.But the point is that, celebrities are not perfect role models for the public. Once I heard a story about Einstein, saying that he nearly got into the water when he once harassed a young lady and got refused when they were in a boat in a park. Is Einstein evil somehow? No! He’s just be ing human. Then is it wrong to harass ladies? Yes. But all humans make mistakes. Celebrities are experts in certain areas but not all. In some other fields, they should even learn from us.Generally, there are two extremes when talking about celebrities: the public are either too critical or too superstitious. Objectively, both of the attitudes are unnecessary. As a Chinese saying which generalizes this situation the best goes: to take in the good, while to get rid of the bad.托福考试写作练习参考 5If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, you will use e-mail or text messaging, OR use the telephone or voice-messaging.Agree or disagreeThere is no reason to be impolite (rude) to another person. Use specific examples and reasons to support your statement.To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.Do you agree or disagree it is important for government to protect wild animals and wilderness areas for future generation Do you agree or disagree with the following statementA university should focus more on its facilities, such as libraries, computers or laboratory, rather than on hiring famous teachers.People should know about events happening around world even if they have little influence on their daily lives.Do you agree or disagree with the following statementIt is better to choose a university whose graduates have good job opportunities than a university who has famous professors.Do you agree or disagree with the following statementThe main purpose for people who have jobs is for money rather than social status.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers had a greater influence on young people in the past than they do today.Do you agree or disagree with the following statementIt is often not a good thing for people to move to a new town or a new country because they will lose their friends.Do you agree or disagree with the statement. Parents should help children to do their work or encourage children to do work independently.It is better for your friend to ask you for help than to turn to a tutor when he finds it hard to pass an examination.Its important for the governments to provide money to things that are beautiful and not just for things that are practical.Do you agree or disagree with the statement: Compared people who live in citieswith people who live in rural areas can take better care of families.Some people think to live away from family and friends with high salaries; the other people think to stay with their family and friends with less pay. What is your opinionNo issue, in the recent weeks, than the one on work and life rises more concern among both common citizens and some scholars. One idea holds that it is good for people to work near the families with lower salaries; but this is quite questionable if adeep study is made, and in my part, I strongly insist that it is more beneficial to work far away with sound income.First of all, high salaries do provide a lot advantages and overcome the long distance from families and friends. That is to say, … High income makes life easier in almost every part.Do you agree or disagree with the statement： Competition with friends usually have negative effect on friendship？Do you agree or disagree with the following statementThe advices from our grandparents have no use for their grandchildren because the world changed a lot during the past 50 years.Although science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant for the quality of peoples live have already taken place.Do you agree or disagree with the following statementReading a student does on his/her own is as important as, or even more important than reading a student does because it is assigned by teachers.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most importantinvestment for a big company is to improve the efficiency and proficiency of its employees.It is the best way for teachers to help the students get more interested in a subject is to explain how that subject will help in their lives outside of the school.Some people believe that professors should spend more time on researching; while others think they should put more focus on teaching. Discuss both opinions, and give your idea.Do you agree with the viewpoint that people are now easier to become educatedthan in the pastDo you agree or disagree movies and television have more negative effect than positive ones on young peoples behavior？Do you agree or disagree: patience is usually not a good strategy; you should take action now rather than later.托福考试写作练习参考 6While some countries have strong programs against illiteracy，others still do not care that much. But， illiteracy has become a big obstacle during the last century and is still problematic question now with quick development of technology and automation. From my everyday experience and observation I can state several factors which defend the statement that reading and writing now is more important than ever before.First of all， it is essential for a person to have at least basic knowledge of reading and writing to survive in our society. While in the past，some people could live in wilderness or even in cities without any knowledge of written language，now it is almost impossible. The way of living has change so much that it is impossible to be a part of nation，especially in developed countries，without ability to read and write your bills，to understand your mortgage documents or job applications. Moreover，you can go nowhere by yourself but in your own small town without reading the maps and signs on the roads and in cities.Second，nowadays，most of jobs require reading and writing as necessary skills and tendency that these skills will be more and more important for future jobs increases. In fact，because of sharp development of technology， more of jobs on the labor market are for literate people and less of them are for people without any or slight reading or writing knowledge. Forexample， there are not needed so much people who can work on lands or select parts in auto-factories because the machines do that kinds of jobs now. On the other hand，factories and corporations need people who can read the instructions and control the machines. It is bare true that without jobs that need only physical abilities， illiterate people are forced to be constantly on unemployment lists.In conclusion， the most scare part of living illiterate in our society is maybe living dependable of someone. A illiterate person will have difficulties not only to do simple tasks such as writing bills，withdrawing money from cash machines，or reading menu in a restaurant， but also to be a productive and useful individual of our society with job and normal life.托福考试写作练习参考 7Nowadays the food we eat is prepared fast and it really had an influence in our life. With all the aspects concerned, the change is considered to be negative.As the time of the preparation is shortened, the nutrition in the food is reduced as well. Food producers do not focus on how much the protein and the vitamins should be contain, instead they just want to make the preparation shorter and shorter, which will be more efficient to satisfy the customers’ need, and this will help them to earn more money. Because of this reason, we can not obtain much nutrition from the food but only calories, and they do nothing to health.Another aspect must not be ignored is that food plays an important role in our daily life. Sometimes we use food of various styles, tastes and colors to express our feelings just like musicians use tunes to express their passions. Fast preparation makes it impossible to show its advantage in art. All the food are the sametaste, same style, and it makes the meal boring. Some people may even lose their appetite for meals as they are offered such a dull supper.As you can see, the fast food preparations have many disadvantages although we could not neglect that it supply enough time to those businessmen and businesswomen who are working hard everyday always have no time for meals. But to make a thoroughly thinking, fast food make people fail to take into account that food is also vital in our life and is certainly an art, it still has more negative impacts in our life.托福考试写作练习参考 8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents today do not understand their children as well as the parents did 50 years agoAccording to the media, U.S Time recently named top ten differences in families. It was not startling find the choice--the wider generation gap between parents and children--ranked No.2 in the list. We know that the generation gap does exist in different generations because of the different backgrounds they grow in. However, does this gap grow in large widthSome believe that parents today understand their children as they did in the past, while others stand in the opposite. Personally, I intent to embrace the idea that parents do not understand children well compared to the parents in the past.For those who hold the idea that parents understand children well, their concerns are not without the ground. Love always does exist in families. More specifically, parents devote their whole lives to breeding their children, and it is the love urges parents to cultivate children and try tounderstand them better. In China, the most important part inChinese virtue is the harmony in families, which grows out of the understanding between family members. Educated by traditional cultivation, parents try to always understand children. Obviously, following the Chinese virtue contributes the parents to understand children, no matter how the period changes.Despite the fact that such argument is indeed persuasive, I still believe parents do not understand children the same as the parents in the past. For one thing, the time of modern children in accompanying parents is less than the time in the past. Children spend so much time in school and social activities that they have less time to communicate with parents. For instance, according the Beijing Academic center, the average time a child spends with his parents is less than two hours a day. Such incredible time makes the communication between children and parents less, enlarging generation gap between parents and their own children. Apparently, the less the time for communication the less understanding would stay between people, and it is one of the reasons why parents understand children less.For another, advanced technology enlarges the gap too. Communicational approaches between parents and children are limited by the improvement of high-tech equipment, which is used by young people but rarely exerted by the old. An APP called WeChat serves as the most significant and novel approach in communication between young people, while parents, the old people, are accustomed to applying calling and sending messages in traditional ways. Therefore, thisdifference in habit limits the communication between parents and children, which decreases the opportunities for parents to keep in touch with children and inhibits parents to understand them. To sum up, even if parents motivation inunderstanding children is shaped by the their forever love for their offspring, I still believe they understand children less than ones in the past,considering the less time family members staying together and the development in technology that enlarges the gap.托福考试写作练习参考 9The Internet provides convenience for people to learn at home.Internet based training gas become a common business tool used to gain advancements in current jobs. Tutoring over the Internet is also available. Business on the Internet is a growing technology. Business on the Internet has no geographic boundaries; it has access to more consumers.Approximately 150 businesses join the Internet every day. There is less labor force needed and it is open 24 hours a day. The Internet is also a bigger and cheaper way to advertise. In the past 20 years, the Internet has changed a number of areas in society, especially the business world. In the last 40 years, the Internet has gone from a method of defense communication for the government, to a business venture for an entrepreneur or a fortune 500-company. The Internet is a way for gaining consumers, products and capital for a business.In a world of light-speed data transmission, any individual with little training and expertise can make a fortune from the Internet. Many companies, like or eBay, thrive from business done through Internet transactions.托福考试写作练习参考 10It is possible to learn on one’s o wn as well as with a teacher. Which method is better may depend on what is being learnt and on the character of the learner. For myself, I prefer to learn with ateacher because I think that this method is more effective for me.The advantages of studying with a teacher are many. Perhaps the most important is that a teacher can help me interpret and better understand what I am studying. By discussing the material with my teacher I can gain more than I would if I just memorized facts. In addition, I can bene fit from the teacher’s greater knowledge of and experience with the subject. My teacher may know not only the material found in the textbook, but also have valuable practical working experience. I also believe that a teacher can help me develop good learning skills so that I will be able to continue to learn independently in the future. Finally, a teacher can direct my studies so I can learn more efficiently. That is important at this time in my life when I have a great deal of important material to learn.?For all these reasons, I prefer to study with a teacher than on my own at this time. In the future, when the pressures of my studies are lessened and I am learning only insgroupsto pursue my own interests, I may prefer to do so independently.。
2021年托福写作模拟试题及答案(卷一)
2021年托福写作模拟试题及答案（卷一）Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福写作范文：In my country, China, many people in a sense live in a ridiculous culture where young boys and girls should never say "love" to each other. Moreover, it is absolutely a shame that such affairs happen in campus. To avoid alleged shame or danger of it, some people assert that boys and girls should attend separate schools.The point is, is there anything wrong when a little boy says "I love you" to a little girl? Gone are the days when "love" was a forbidden word in our culture, it has now, nevertheless, actually quite different connotations from that of the word in western society. It can be seen that people in Hollywood movies often say "I love you" to almost everyone naturally, readily and easily, including friends, family members, partners in work, even an unknown taxi driver! But in China, not surprisingly, many people have never said "I love you" to their parents, even seldom to their mates or children. "Love", in Chinese word, does in fact carry subtle connotations related to immoral affairs.It seems not a problem of is there anything wrong, but one of there must be something wrong if a teenager dares to say anything about"love!"Even if there must be something wrong when a teenager falls into love, is it something so appalling even evil that adults have to take action to prevent or even fight? Did we ever discover any prudent evidence which clearly prove it is really something bad? Hardly. It is in fact quite natural that a little boy admire a beautiful girl or a little girl feels a smart boy appealing. And such emotions do not harm anything. Alleged "puppy love" simply is a nonsense concept invented by ignorance. Girls and boys actually do not even know what love is!Perhaps they merely imitate behaviors of adults around them. What we adults should do is not to make them believe "love" is evil, but to teach them what true love really means. Regrettably, those adults never realize that they actually fail to assume their responsibility, but presumptuously believe they are capable of eliminating Jove among boys and girls by separating them into different school. It will never work. Separate school once was one of evil signs of discrimination of women, but today reemerges to prevent "love affairs" among teenagers—a high school in Beijing recently announced that it has already separated girls from boys into different classes. I can hardly imagine any benefit that such a scheme could produce except for further distortions of teenagers' natures.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Childrenshould begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.托福写作范文：More and more international corporations build their business in my country, China. At the same time, more parents tell their children that English is one of necessities to be successful in the future.Students work so hard to master English that English learning related publications have always been on the top of the best-seller list.It seems clear that one will be better off if he/she is a bilingual, and if the second language is English, even better! However, learning a foreign language must have been painful, since people are continuously creating all sorts of methods and suggestions on how to learn it more easily, more quickly, and more efficiently. Some people propose that children should begin learning English as soon as they start school. But would it really work? Hardly.It seems true that children have natural amazing ability to develop their language skills. Statistic figures show that a 6-year-old boy can virtually memorize nearly as many as 150 words a day! But things become different when the child is learning a foreign language. When children are learning their mother tongue, they are not alone, and they are learning with numerous handy aids around. Parents, friends, and all the people around them are talking the same language, without anygrammar error and nearly uniform intonation and pronunciation.However, when they are learning a foreign language, all of those natural aids disappeared. And words become really foreign and abstract after they leave classes. And even worse, their teacher might have a bad accent or even wrong pronunciation. Some may adduce children in Luxembourg as evidence, but the point is that almost all parents in that place are trilingual!Learning a foreign language well involves much more than merely memorizing handful vocabulary or several grammar rules. If a girl is able to say hello in a standard American accent, does that really mean she has learned a second language well, or she will go so far as to be a linguist? In fact, learning a foreign language in some sense is beyond the capacity of children, especially as little as first grade pupil, for language is used to express thoughts and ideas, both of which are naturally cultural and historical, and are sometimes too complex for children to comprehend. After all, learning earlier doesn't automatically guarantee learning quicker or better.A foreign visitor has only one day to spend in your country. Where should this visitor go on that day? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.托福写作范文：China is an enormous country with an intensely varied landscape. Ifa foreign visitor were coming for just one day to see our country, it would be difficult to choose just one place to spend the day.However, I posit that the best place in China to visit would be Beijing. As the capital city, Beijing offers a diverse look at China. I would suggest that the main sites to see would be the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, and Tiananmen Square. The Forbidden City offers the visitor a look at what it was like to live in historical China.The Forbidden City is located in the heart of Beijing, and is the biggest palace complex in the world. This particular site would be of interest to a tourist because it was once the home of many emperors. One can see the actual rooms from whence the ancient China was ruled by the emperors. When the visitor walks through the palace confines, he/she will see many examples of classic Chinese architecture. A walk through the gardens is particularly peaceful with jasmine trees abound.The Great Wall is also a must-see in China. The people of China hold the Great Wall as having particular significance to their culture because of its long history. The wall, built of dirt, stone and brick, was used as a defense barrier against invading nomads and wandering tribes. This is the largest engineering and building project ever carried out by humans. Its historic and strategic importance is matched only by its architectural significance.Finally, Tiananmen Square should be on the list of things to seewhile visiting Beijing. This square is one of the largest in China, and possibly in Asia. At this square, one can visit the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, one of the greatest leaders ever in China. The Chinese Revolutionary Museum and the Chinese History Museum stand to the east of the square, the Great Hall of the People to the west and the magnificent Tiananmen Tower to the north. As the visitor will see, there are numerous interesting exhibits at Tiananmen Square that offer up a variety of Chinese heritage.Of course, it is very difficult to name one city in China over all others as "the place" to visit. China is the host to such a wide variety of beautiful places, and a visitor really should spend much more time exploring them all. However, with only one day, I believe that Beijing is the best place to visit.Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.托福写作范文：The Internet is a great invention be cause it disseminates information freely. Freedom of information is in the interest of a country and its citizens, but, in light of the information anarchy on the Internet, people need to learn and understand how to evaluate and use theinformation they find at their fingertips.The Internet promotes freedom of information and freedom of speech, which are integral part of a successful modern democratic society. With innumerable news sources at their disposal citizens have the opportunity to educate themselves, and this knowledge will allow them to contribute to the progression of their society.Similarly, the ability to consult different viewpoints, especially those diverging from their own, will allow people engage in meaningful dialogue with other citizens. The result of this continued discourse will be a more open minded and also tolerant society. As a vehicle of communication the Internet will connect people of the same interests and the same concerns. Thus connected citizens will be encouraged to work together and they will become active participants of society rather than passive subjects.Critics of the Internet's free flow of information are concerned that people will fall victim to bad or rather incorrect information and act on it. This concern is warranted in so far that the Internet is intrinsically anarchic, and anybody with a computer can create Website and post information thereon. As a result, it can be very difficult to determine what information is correct or reliable and which is not. However, difficult as it may seem, there are ways that one can navigate the information jungle of the Internet and arrive at conclusions. In order todo so one has to learn to valuate sources of information. For example, the Website of a research scientist at a major university or that of a well-known non-profit organization is a more reliable source of information than the personal Website of a senior school student. Which would you choose: a high-paying job with long hours that would give you little time with family and friends or a lower-paying job with shorter hours that would give you more time with family and friends? Explain your choice, using specific reasons and details.托福写作范文：I am optimistic that through my studies and continued hard work I will be able to find a job that will provide my future family and me with financial security. We should be able to afford the necessities of life, such as a modest home, enough food to nourish us and keep us in good health, as well as education for our children. Hopefully, I will find myself in the fortunate situation where I can decide between a high-paying job with long hours and a lower-paying job with shorter hours. I would choose the job with the lower salary and greater personal time without hesitation, because my family and friends are the most important things in my life.Time is the greatest investment I can make into the relationships with my wife and my children. A marriage is not just a decision one makes but a promise that one keeps. In order to do so one has to bethere for the other person and share moments of joy as well as times of difficulty. Nowadays, too many relationships wither away as the partners are unable to work out their problems or bond through meaningful experiences. Personal careers become too important and family time becomes a rare occurrence.The absence of one parent, due to professional career or divorce, can have a very negative effect on a child's development. The child might question his value to father or mother (depending on which one is continually absent) and develop low self-esteem. Without the presence of either or, worse, both parents, the child will be more likely to make bad decisions as he is lacking proper guidance. And there is one point should also be mentioned, i.e. neither expensive toys nor fancy clothes can compensate for this.Lastly, I can derive more pleasure from spending time with my friends than I ever could from driving a sports car or taking luxury vacations. The inner peace and balance that I enjoy from their company are invaluable to me. Also, a million dollars in the bank would be worth nothing if I didn't have the time to enjoy these riches with my friends. Describe a custom from your country that you would like people from other countries to adopt. Explain your choice, using specific reasons and examples.托福写作范文：My favorite custom from Chinese culture that I wish that other countries would adopt is "Respect the Old, Love the Young." These two ideas have been part of traditional Chinese culture for thousands of years, but they are more important than ever in contemporary Chinese culture. If adopted by Western countries, these two traditional attitudes could help them solve some of their social problems.One major problem in many Western countries is what to do with old people when they can no longer take care of themselves. A Chinese family will often have three generations of one family living under the same roof. They love and respect the older generation, and consider them wise. Western people believe that living with one's own parents is inconvenient and embarrassing. Instead of respecting old people, some think that they are stupid and ugly.When Western families' parents get old, they would rather send them into nursing homes and retirement homes than live together with them. Only old and sick people live in these places and they are considered depressing, in the worst cases they might seem like a prison to their inhabitants. Old people in the West would be much happier if they adopted these traditional Chinese attitudes.Juvenile delinquency is another serious social problem in Western cultures. Its causes can also be traced back to a lack of respect for old people and love for young people. Children are not taught to respect thewishes of their parents and instead value their relationships with their friends more. Because in many Western families both parents have jobs outside of the home, children often lack adequate supervision. Chinese families, by contrast, often have at least one parent, or a grandparent at home to take care of and love the children. Children without proper guidance and love from a young age might start to smoke, drink, use drugs, and commit crimes. This occurs much less frequently in China because people pay more attention to their children and have the children's grandparents nearby to help raise them.The West puts the "Individual" before the "Family". Traditional Chinese culture puts the interests of the Family first, and the Individual second. Chinese mothers and fathers place higher value on their child's development, than on their child's independence. Children place a higher value on then-parents' happiness than on their own convenience. While there are many excellent lessons that Chinese people can learn from the West, Western people would do well to learn from these essential Chinese traditions.Your city has decided to build a statue or monument to honor a famous person in your country. Who would you choose? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.托福写作范文：If my city has decided to build a statue to honor a famous person inmy country, I would choose a late singer, Teresa Teng. She was born in 1950s, and died of a severe asthma attack at age 41 in May 1995 while holidaying in Chiang Mai, Thailand, triggering an outpouring of grief among her legions of fans in Asia and elsewhere. During her brilliant stage career, favored by fans all over Asia, she moved millions of people. Her famous songs include "sweet", "story of small town", and "the moon represents my heart", etc. It was said that it was her who introduced several generations in China to a certain field of popular music.Her songs have accompanied the growth and development of many people in China. In the home of these generations' soul, her sweet voice has become immortal beauty and memory. Although she's gone, her sound of singing has never vanished. She is constantly commemorated; from Beijing to Taipei, Hong Kong to Singapore, her ubiquitous fans observe her commemoration from time to time, cherishing her incredible beauty, and her voice that sounds to come from heaven. Her sweet songs made her a legend, and are still regularly heard on radio, and continue to have a following in Chinese communities all over the world.She should be remembered not only because of her beauty and voice, but also because of her great charity. She founded "Teresa Teng Foundation" during her lifetime. The purpose of the foundation is to cultivate and support gifted artists, and at the same time the foundationincludes a trust to distribute scholarship to make sure that art students have opportunities to accomplish what they actually can. Every year, The Teresa Teng Foundation also send a great amount of money as a charity to help homeless children. And these activities are supported by her fans all over the world.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福写作范文：In my country, China, many people in a sense live in a ridiculous culture where young boys and girls should never say "love" to each other. Moreover, it is absolutely a shame that such affairs happen in campus. To avoid alleged shame or danger of it, some people assert that boys and girls should attend separate schools.The point is, is there anything wrong when a little boy says "I love you" to a little girl? Gone are the days when "love" was a forbidden word in our culture, it has now, nevertheless, actually quite different connotations from that of the word in western society. It can be seen that people in Hollywood movies often say "I love you" to almost everyone naturally, readily and easily, including friends, family members, partners in work, even an unknown taxi driver! But in China, not surprisingly, many people have never said "I love you" to their parents,even seldom to their mates or children. "Love", in Chinese word, does in fact carry subtle connotations related to immoral affairs.It seems not a problem of is there anything wrong, but one of there must be something wrong if a teenager dares to say anything about "love!"Even if there must be something wrong when a teenager falls into love, is it something so appalling even evil that adults have to take action to prevent or even fight? Did we ever discover any prudent evidence which clearly prove it is really something bad? Hardly. It is in fact quite natural that a little boy admire a beautiful girl or a little girl feels a smart boy appealing. And such emotions do not harm anything. Alleged "puppy love" simply is a nonsense concept invented by ignorance. Girls and boys actually do not even know what love is!Perhaps they merely imitate behaviors of adults around them. What we adults should do is not to make them believe "love" is evil, but to teach them what true love really means. Regrettably, those adults never realize that they actually fail to assume their responsibility, but presumptuously believe they are capable of eliminating Jove among boys and girls by separating them into different school. It will never work. Separate school once was one of evil signs of discrimination of women, but today reemerges to prevent "love affairs" among teenagers—a high school in Beijing recently announced that it has already separated girlsfrom boys into different classes. I can hardly imagine any benefit that such a scheme could produce except for further distortions of teenagers' natures.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should begin learning a foreign language as soon as they start school. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.托福写作范文：More and more international corporations build their business in my country, China. At the same time, more parents tell their children that English is one of necessities to be successful in the future.Students work so hard to master English that English learning related publications have always been on the top of the best-seller list.It seems clear that one will be better off if he/she is a bilingual, and if the second language is English, even better! However, learning a foreign language must have been painful, since people are continuously creating all sorts of methods and suggestions on how to learn it more easily, more quickly, and more efficiently. Some people propose that children should begin learning English as soon as they start school. But would it really work? Hardly.It seems true that children have natural amazing ability to develop their language skills. Statistic figures show that a 6-year-old boy can virtually memorize nearly as many as 150 words a day! But thingsbecome different when the child is learning a foreign language. When children are learning their mother tongue, they are not alone, and they are learning with numerous handy aids around. Parents, friends, and all the people around them are talking the same language, without any grammar error and nearly uniform intonation and pronunciation.However, when they are learning a foreign language, all of those natural aids disappeared. And words become really foreign and abstract after they leave classes. And even worse, their teacher might have a bad accent or even wrong pronunciation. Some may adduce children in Luxembourg as evidence, but the point is that almost all parents in that place are trilingual!Learning a foreign language well involves much more than merely memorizing handful vocabulary or several grammar rules. If a girl is able to say hello in a standard American accent, does that really mean she has learned a second language well, or she will go so far as to be a linguist? In fact, learning a foreign language in some sense is beyond the capacity of children, especially as little as first grade pupil, for language is used to express thoughts and ideas, both of which are naturally cultural and historical, and are sometimes too complex for children to comprehend. After all, learning earlier doesn't automatically guarantee learning quicker or better.A foreign visitor has only one day to spend in your country. Whereshould this visitor go on that day? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.托福写作范文：China is an enormous country with an intensely varied landscape. If a foreign visitor were coming for just one day to see our country, it would be difficult to choose just one place to spend the day.However, I posit that the best place in China to visit would be Beijing. As the capital city, Beijing offers a diverse look at China. I would suggest that the main sites to see would be the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, and Tiananmen Square. The Forbidden City offers the visitor a look at what it was like to live in historical China.The Forbidden City is located in the heart of Beijing, and is the biggest palace complex in the world. This particular site would be of interest to a tourist because it was once the home of many emperors. One can see the actual rooms from whence the ancient China was ruled by the emperors. When the visitor walks through the palace confines, he/she will see many examples of classic Chinese architecture. A walk through the gardens is particularly peaceful with jasmine trees abound.The Great Wall is also a must-see in China. The people of China hold the Great Wall as having particular significance to their culture because of its long history. The wall, built of dirt, stone and brick, was used as a defense barrier against invading nomads and wandering tribes. This isthe largest engineering and building project ever carried out by humans. Its historic and strategic importance is matched only by its architectural significance.Finally, Tiananmen Square should be on the list of things to see while visiting Beijing. This square is one of the largest in China, and possibly in Asia. At this square, one can visit the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, one of the greatest leaders ever in China. The Chinese Revolutionary Museum and the Chinese History Museum stand to the east of the square, the Great Hall of the People to the west and the magnificent Tiananmen Tower to the north. As the visitor will see, there are numerous interesting exhibits at Tiananmen Square that offer up a variety of Chinese heritage.Of course, it is very difficult to name one city in China over all others as "the place" to visit. China is the host to such a wide variety of beautiful places, and a visitor really should spend much more time exploring them all. However, with only one day, I believe that Beijing is the best place to visit.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Modern technology is creating a single world culture. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.托福写作范文：Through modern technology such as TV, telephone, and theInternet, it has become easier for people from different cultures to communicate. In a sense the world has become a smaller place. However, it is questionable if technology is creating a single world culture, because, even though a cultural exchange is taking place, accessibility of this technology is still very limited, and, more importantly, people have come to value the differences inherent in their cultures.People around the world are taking advantage of the opportunities, presented by modern technology, to learn about other cultures. Not only foreign movies, music, and books communicate with the locals, but the different cultural values do, which are readily available on DVD, CD and via the Internet. Similarly, TV broadcasts fashions across the world and a new style of dress will likely catch on quickly in different parts of the globe. People adopt foreign things they like and make them their own. In this sense cultural assimilation is taking place.However, while some societies and their cultures are technologically advanced and thus connected with other parts of the world, the majority of the world's population lives largely isolated. Such isolation is the result of limited technological resources, which in turn is, generally, related to poverty. For example, nearly the entire continent of Africa is impoverished. Its people have few means to learn about other cultures, and even if they did they would have little use for Western culture, which to a great extent is a consumer culture. They are also extremely limitedin the ways they can educate people from other parts of the world about their cultures.Finally, people who are learning about foreign cultures generally come to appreciate and accept the differences between other cultures and their own. They recognize the value of variety. The enjoyment they derive from experiencing foreign languages, dances, songs, visual and culinary arts, also allows them to see the value in their own cultures' achievements. Therefore, cultural exchange does not necessarily result in the melting of many cultures into one.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising can tell you a lot about a country. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福写作范文：Advertising does not mean to educate or illustrate. Primarily it is a vehicle for business and it aims to sell products. As a result, the information we can gather from looking at advertisings is quite limited. However, the cultural ideas used to sell commodities reveal a society's value system, and from the nature of the advertising and the product it aims to sell we can draw conclusions as to which social demography might be the most affluent.In order to be most effective an advertising campaign will make use of the cultural values of a country. Obviously, companies will be able to。
托福测试题及答案
托福测试题及答案一、听力理解（Listening Comprehension）1. What is the main topic of the lecture?A. The history of photographyB. The impact of technology on artC. The role of photography in journalismD. The evolution of camera technologyAnswer: B2. According to the professor, what is one of the benefits of digital photography?A. It allows for greater artistic control.B. It is less expensive than film photography.C. It is easier to manipulate images.D. It requires less technical skill.Answer: A3. Why does the professor mention the example of the painter who used a camera?A. To illustrate the limitations of photographyB. To show how technology can inspire traditional art formsC. To demonstrate the influence of photography on paintingD. To argue that photography is a form of artAnswer: B4. What does the student imply about the relationship between photography and journalism?A. They are becoming more distinct from each other.B. They have always been closely related.C. They are merging due to technological advancements.D. They are separate fields with little overlap.Answer: C二、阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）Passage 1: The Impact of Technology on Education5. What is the author's main argument in the passage?A. Technology has had a negative impact on education.B. The integration of technology in education is essentialfor its future.C. Technology has made education less personal.D. The benefits of technology in education are overstated. Answer: B6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of using technology in the classroom?A. Increased student engagementB. Access to a wider range of resourcesC. Improved test scoresD. Enhanced communication between students and teachers Answer: C7. The author cites the example of online courses toillustrate:A. The accessibility of education to a broader audience.B. The potential for personalized learning experiences.C. The challenges of maintaining student motivation.D. The need for traditional classroom settings.Answer: APassage 2: The History of Urban Planning8. What is the primary focus of the passage?A. The evolution of urban planning over time.B. The role of government in urban development.C. The impact of urban planning on society.D. The challenges faced by urban planners.Answer: A9. The author mentions ancient Rome to demonstrate:A. The early origins of urban planning.B. The influence of urban planning on architecture.C. The importance of public spaces in cities.D. The limitations of early urban planning techniques. Answer: A10. What does the passage suggest about modern urban planning?A. It is more focused on aesthetics than functionality.B. It has become more inclusive and sustainable.C. It is primarily driven by economic considerations.D. It has largely abandoned traditional planning principles.Answer: B三、口语表达（Speaking Expression）Task 1: Describe a memorable event from your childhood.Sample Response:One of the most memorable events from my childhood was the summer I spent at my grandparents' farm. I was about ten years old at the time. The experience was incredibly enriching as I learned about farming, the importance of hard work, and the beauty of nature. It was a time filled with laughter, new discoveries, and a deep connection with my family.Task 2: Explain why you think environmental conservation is important.Sample Response:Environmental conservation is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it ensures the preservation of natural resources for future generations. Secondly, it helps maintain biodiversity, which is vital for the balance of ecosystems. Lastly, conservation efforts contribute to combating climate change by reducing pollution and promoting sustainable practices. It is our collective responsibility to protect the environment for the well-being of all living beings on Earth.四、写作任务（Writing Task）Task 1: Write an essay discussing the advantages and disadvantages of social media.Sample Essay:Social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. On the positive side, it allows for instant connectivity with people around the world, fosters communities with shared interests, and provides a platform for self-expression and creativity. However, it also has its downsides, such as the spread of misinformation, the potential for cyberbullying, and the negative impact on mental health due to social comparison. Balancing the benefits and drawbacks is key to harnessing the power of social media responsibly.Task 2: Propose a solution to a local environmental issue in your community.Sample Essay:One pressing environmental issue in our community is the excessive use of single-use plastics. To address this, I propose the implementation of a local ordinance that bans single-use plastic items, such as straws and bags, and encourages the use of reusable alternatives. Additionally, educational campaigns can raise awareness about the environmental impact of plastic waste. By working together, our community can significantly reduce its。
托福综合写作练习及听力原文
Exercise 1Soon there will be something new for the tourist who has been everywhere and seen everything on Earth. Spacecraft being developed by private commercial companies will soon enable private citizens to buy their own tickets to travel into space, thereby creating a space tourism industry. So far, space travel has been undertaken only by governments, but the new, privatized spaceflight industry will bring great benefits to both science and the public. First, private space travel will benefit serious space exploration by making spaceflight cheaper. Privatization of space technology will bring technological costs down very fast because it will allow competition—and competition is one of the strongest motivators to cut costs. Thus, lowering the cost of space travel will benefit not only space tourists but also scientists, who will be able to use private space flights for research purposes. Furthermore, privatization of space travel will accelerate the rate at which important scientific discoveries occur. The aerospace industry already sponsors a lot of groundbreaking scientific research, and adding private spaceflight companies to it will make the industry as a whole grow in size, thereby employing more scientists than it does now. That increased number of working scientists means not only that more discoveries are likely to be made but also that those discoveries are likely to be made more quickly than in the past. Finally, when governments are the sole providers of space travel, the costs are paid for by the whole taxpaying public, but with privatization, the expenses of space travel will be borne by the customers of the industry. The fact that private spaceflight operators will be able to raise funds through ticket sales means that the financial burden on taxpayers will be eased significantly.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the contents of the reading. You may refer to the passage as you write.1Exercise 2Educators have long recognized that high school can be a difficult experience for many students. Along with the stress of challenging academic work, high school can also be a source of social, emotional, and even financial stress. One effective way of decreasing these nonacademic kinds of stress is to require students to wear a school uniform so that all students wear basically the same clothing. One of the most obvious benefits of such a policy is that it makes high school more affordable for both students and their parents. Clothing, especially trendy, fashionable clothing, is very expensive, and teenagers usually want to have several different outfits in their wardrobes—for some, the more the better. When there is no possibility of dressing fashionably at school, a student’s clothing bill will go down drastically. Furthermore, wearing the same school uniform as everyone else eliminates a significant source of discomfort and self-consciousness for many teenagers: the uncertainty that what they are wearing is “right.” Such anxiety interferes with a student’s ability to act in ways that show his or her personality to advantage. Finally, a mandatory school-uniform policy will reduce the amount of teasing and bullying among students. Currently, many students are teased or put down simply because they dress differently from everyone else or because they can’t afford to dress like the majority. Once all students wear the same uniform, there will be much less opportunity for these kinds of intimidating behaviors.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the contents of the reading. You may refer to the passage as you write.2Exercises 3Donating part of one’s income to public causes, known as charitable giving, used to be a common practice. But, in the United States charitable giving has declined substantially in recent years, and, for several reasons, it is unlikely to increase in the future. One reason that charitable giving has fallen is simply that there is less need for charitable giving, because the United States government now provides most of the important public services. The government assumes much of the responsibility for feeding the poor, providing health care, and taking care of the victims of natural disasters—functions that charities used to perform. These government institutions of social welfare are permanent, and so the diminished need for private charitable giving will also be permanent. Another reason people are, and will be, giving less to charities is that in the past few years there have been highly publicized disclosures that the managers of some prominent national charities were receiving huge salaries and other benefits as large or larger than salaries of heads of major for-profit corporations. These salaries and expenses for travel, fancy offices, and advertising significantly reduce the percentage of donated money that went to charitable purposes. Naturally people have been turned off by these excesses and inefficiencies. Finally, beyond the shortcomings of legitimate charities, there has been an increasing number of fraudulent solicitations by organizations or individuals who merely pose as charities. As a result, people are now becoming skeptical even about what are in fact legitimate appeals for support. So potential donors are starting to give less and give less frequently. And since the incidence of charity fraud seems to be increasing, we can expect further declines in charitable giving as people become more concerned that they are being taken advantage of.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the contents of the reading. You may refer to the passage as you write.3Exercises 4It used to be that parents took their children on vacation during the summer, when school was out of session. But today, much more often than in the past, many parents take their children on vacation during the school year. Although these children are away from school, sometimes for several weeks, traveling itself serves a valuable educational function. The most important educational benefit of taking children on vacation is that traveling exposes children to new places and cultures. It is good for children to read about distant countries, but it is even better to take them there. What students learn by meeting the people and absorbing the culture of these places is something they could not learn in their classrooms. Moreover, the benefits to the children who have been away from the classroom for several weeks traveling continue after they have returned to their classes. Students who are in school every day of the school year can easily lose enthusiasm for their studies. But students invigorated by time away return with heightened excitement. The trend of students taking vacations during the school year also has benefits for teachers. When these students return to school, their knowledge and enthusiasm contribute positively to the entire class. Teachers can ask the children to share stories of their travels with their peers and can incorporate what they have learned from traveling into writing and reading projects. This makes lesson development easier for teachers because the returning students’ experiences provide a ready basis for classroom discussions and projects.Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they oppose points made in the reading passage.4Exercises 5Easter Island, a small, remote island in the Pacific Ocean, was once home to a flourishing culture. But about 500 years ago (A. D. 1500), its society went into a steep decline. History teaches us that events like this are often caused by outside influences. So it is not unreasonable to consider whether there are facts about the decline of Easter Island’s society that would be explained by a hypothesis of an invasion. One such fact has to do with trees. Most Pacific island societies have managed to find an ecologically balanced way of living by using—but not overexploiting—natural resources such as trees. Most Pacific islands, therefore, remain lush—but not Easter Island. Although it was once densely forested, most of its trees had disappeared by about 500 years ago. Environmental destruction of this sort has often been caused by invaders who deplete an area’s natural resources without any concern for the future. Facts about the large stone statues on Easter Island could also support the idea of an invasion. There are about 900 of these statues on the island; the largest is over 20 meters tall. The native society clearly placed a great deal of importance on their production. Yet about the same time that the island became deforested, islanders stopped making these huge statues. An invasion would help explain why this traditional practice came to a sudden end. Furthermore, we know that around the time these other changes were taking place, a new religion developed on Easter Island: the “Birdman” worship. There is no convincing evidence that the Birdman religion existed before 1500, which suggests that this new religious practice may have been introduced by outsiders.Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically indicate how they challenge explanations offered in the reading passage.5Exercises 6When a company needs to hire someone for a managerial position, there is often a choice between promoting an employee who is already working inside the company or bringing in a person from outside. Hiring a qualified outsider is often to a company’s advantage for several reasons. An important reason for hiring outsiders as managers is that they bring a new perspective. This contributes to the diversity of ideas and allows company practices to be seen in a new light. Often, an outside hire will ask, “What’s the reason for doing things this way?” This question may lead to a reevaluation of practices that are actually inefficient but have become so much a part of the routine that it’s difficult for insiders to question them. Another major factor to be considered is the cost of on-the-job training. Hiring outsiders allows a company to look for people who already have the particular skills and experience required for the job. The company will not have to spend time and money training an internal employee for the new job—something that has to be done when, for example, an employee is promoted from a technical position to a managerial one. In such a case, usually the employee would be sent to classes to help learn needed managerial skills. Finally, managers hired from the outside will often have business contacts with suppliers, customers, and technicians that they have developed in their previous job. Clearly these contacts can be a valuable asset for the company that hires managers from the outside.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the contents of the reading. You may refer to the passage as you write.6Exercises 7Scant physical evidence remains of the first human domestication of grain. Still, there is enough to conclude that ancient peoples, motivated by the nutritional value of bread or cakes made of wild wheat, looked for controlled ways to grow it to provide a consistent food supply. Three related discoveries are likely to have led to the introduction of bread as the first grain-based food. The first discovery was that wheat could be prepared for use by grinding. People probably began consuming wheat by chewing it raw. Because wheat is very hard, they gradually discovered that it was less trouble to eat if crushed to paste between two stones—the result would have been the ancestor of the drier, more powdery wheat flour we use today. From there, it was a short step to the next breakthrough: baking the simplest bread, which requires no technology but fire. Loaves of wheat paste, when baked into bread, could be stored for long periods, certainly longer than raw seeds. This kept the food value of wheat available for an extended period after it had been harvested. Finally, ancient peoples found that, if the paste was allowed to sit in the open, yeast spores from the air settled on it and began fermenting the wheat. This natural process of fermentation caused bubbles to from in the wheat paste that suggested it would be lighter in texture and even easier to eat when baked.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the contents of the reading. You may refer to the passage as you write.7Exercises 8Wilderness management has advanced greatly over the last century, due in part to such practices as the suppression of forest fired and limitations on the clear-cutting of trees. Monitoring forests for small brushfires is easier with aircraft, as is the use of large amounts of water and sophisticated chemical fire extinguishers to prevent fires from spreading. The goals decreasing the amount of destruction by fires and cutting are wide-ranging. One is simply the longer lives and improved health of trees. In some areas of hickory and oak forest on the Eastern Seaboard, fire suppression has allowed the maturation of so many trees that the treetops form a continuous canopy. There is evidence of the healthful effects of fire suppression closer to the ground as well. Vines and low bushes that would be burned out in a forest fire can flourish when fires are suppressed, of course, but there is a more indirect way fires harm plant life. Chemical tests on areas that have recently experienced forest fires demonstrate that burning decreases the overall amount of nutrients in the soil. Suppressing fires prevents such a decrease. Ferns, wildflowers and herbs grow without disturbance. Finally, wildlife can benefit. In the eastern hickory and oak forest, the suppression of fires has meant that forest animals---ranging from small insects and birds to large deer and bears—are not burned to death. Deer populations, in particular, have increased notably.Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they challenge specific plans made in the reading passage. You may refer to the passage as you write.8Listening Scripts Exercise 1Professor: Well, it looks as though we’ll soon see private spaceships carrying tourists into space. But will it really provide great benefits for serious science and for the public? I don’t think so. First, privatized space travel, which is extraordinarily expensive, is likely to stay that way. For one thing, commercial space travel will require an elaborate space traffic-control system to prevent collisions—and the development and operation of such a system won’t come cheap either. Another thing that’ll keep costs high is tested and retested—and that also tends to be a very expensive process. Both of those costs will be reflected in the prices of the spaceflight tickets, so no one should expect the cost of space flights to go down fast. Second, if commercial spaceflight has any effect at all on the rate of scientific discovery and innovation, it will be to delay or even prevent such discovery and innovation. If the best and the brightest engineers get lured away from government space programs by the high salaries offered by private, for-profit companies, they might end up working on commercial stuff that doesn't have much scientific value. And as a result, serious space research might actually suffer. And finally, will the taxpaying public get off the hook financially? No chance! The fact is that so-called private space tourism isn’t possible without huge public tax subsidies. It will take billions and billions of dollars to build space stations, space airports, and so on, and private investors simply cannot raise such huge amounts. So the burden on taxpayers won’t be significantly eased with the development of the private spaceflight industry. In fact, all taxpayers’ll be paying more to subsidize the vacations of the space tourists.Exercise 2Professor: What you’ve just read really is way too optimistic. It’s rather easy to poke holes in the reasoning. First off, school uniforms are themselves often quite costly—usually they are only available from certain select stores. Plus, what kind of clothes will students put on after school when they go meet their friends? Well, if you can’t dress trendy at school, it's even more likely you’ll want to do that after school. So kids will still demand a full wardrobe of fashionable after-school clothes in addition to their uniforms. To take up another point, doing away with differences in dress can affect some students quite negatively. Many students may feel very uncomfortable—might even feel self-conscious—about how they look when they are not allowed to select the clothes that they wear. For many, choosing clothing is not a matter of making a fashion statement; it is simply a way of presenting themselves in ways they feel will call attention to what they consider their attractive features—plus they feel they can also select clothing to de-emphasize other features they perhaps like less about themselves. So school uniforms can actually end up increasing self-consciousness and discomfort among students. Finally, students will always pick on other students. Dividing into groups, teasing and bullying other for being different—these are things teenagers everywhere do because they are at that particular stage of life. If students cannot pick on differences in dress, they will surely find other things to pick on—things like choice in music or the kind of backpack brought to school—any of these can easily take on as much importance as clothing.9Exercise 3Professor: There’s no doubt that giving to charities has declined in recent years, but there are good reasons to think it’ll soon begin to go up. Consider, for example, the fact that the number of elderly and retired people in our society keeps growing. Right now, elderly citizens who can’t afford health care often rely on government programs to pay for it. But as the elderly population grows, government programs probably won’t be able to cover the health assistance, Americans respond to that need. And since the need will be increasing, we should expect to see charitable giving rise accordingly. There’s another reason to be optimistic about the future of charitable giving. The disclosures of waste and bad management at major charities, and people’s anger at this waste, are producing significant reforms. Overpaid managers have been forced to resign by the bad publicity. Charities are reducing their expenses and are now subject to closer public scrutiny. As a result, people are regaining confidence that the money they donate will support the causes they care about. People’s reaction to charity fraud is also evolving. In the short run, people don’t want to donate because they’re concerned with whether charities are honest. But in the long run, such skepticism makes people careful, not stingy. For example, many people now refuse to give money when they’re asked to do so over the telephone. They insist on receiving proof and documentation before they donate. Just as people learn how to be careful consumers, most people are acquiring the skills needed to guard against charity fraud without stopping their support for worthwhile causes.Exercise 4Professor: Now, let’s consider how taking children on vacation when school is in session impacts their education. I believe the impact on children and their teachers can be quite negative. While students have been traveling, their fellow students have been working. What do you think happens when they return to school? Well, they have to spend a lot of time “playing catch-up,” you know, doing work that fellow students have already done. It’s one thing to miss a day or two of school, but many parents take their children on vacation for weeks on end, and it’s very difficult for any child to make up that much missed time. So, the missed learning has to be weighed against the benefits of traveling and learning about other cultures. On balance, what is lost is greater than what is gained. When children come back to class after a long trip, they’re excited about their recent adventures. Sounds good, but this enthusiasm can have a downside. Their excitement can make it difficult for them to fit back into the routine of the school day. School seems a little boring to them, so they’re not attentive to their studies, and their restlessness can distract other students. When a student is distracted or has to catch up on missed work, there’s a negative effect on the teacher too. Teachers have lesson plans that detail, day by day, what they are going to teach. When a student is absent from the classroom, this interferes with a teacher’s plan for that student. And if teachers spend time helping a few students catch up, they have less time for other students… so they suffer too.10Exercise 5Professor: The idea considered in the reading is not unreasonable in the abstract, but all the concrete evidence points to internal causes for the decline of Easter Island’s culture 500 years ago. It’s a sad story of a native culture that did not have the foresight to sustain itself. In the centuries before 1500, the inhabitants of Easter Island were prosperous… so prosperous that they were able to invest extra time and energy in building giant statues, which became important signs of status. Different island communities began competing as to who could erect the most statues. Now here’s where the problem for trees comes in: archaeological evidence shows that the islanders used tree logs to move the statues into position. So, as the number of statues increased, more and more trees had to be cut, until finally, 500 years ago, there were no more left. Of course, once the trees were gone, the islander could no longer build rafts to fish at sea, and so they could no longer catch big fish. As the necessities of life became harder and harder to get, the islanders no longer had the time and energy to create big statues. Without logs, of course, they couldn't move the statues anyway, so naturally the interest in making the statues declined. Finally, it would not be surprising if the islanders lost confidence in their old gods when life on the island became a struggle for survival. I mean, the old gods wouldn’t seem to be protecting them any more. So it would be natural for the islanders to have developed a different religious idea, hoping that the new god would ensure them a better life.Exercise 6Professor: For some of the reasons presented in the reading, many companies have a policy of hiring outsiders to fill managerial positions. However, a closer examination will show that the policy is misguided. First of all, the new perspective an outsider brings into the company’s corporate structure often leads to conflict in the managerial team. Companies often have specific corporate philosophies… (for example, about how decisions are to be reached and how work is to be organized). So when outsiders bring with them a significantly different philosophy, this can create serious disagreement and conflict… and make it difficult for the managerial team as a whole to function smoothly and efficiently. An internal employee, by contrast, is more likely to know company tradition. Another point to note is that hiring outsiders may entail an additional cost that perhaps isn’t obvious. It’s true that outside hires may come with required managerial skills and experience. But to become effective as managers in a new company, they also have to establish personal relationships with their new colleagues—get to know them and win their trust. This can often take more time than one would expect, and an uncomfortable settling-in period between a new boss and workers can also be more costly in lost productivity than on-the-job training for an internal employee. Finally, suppose a company makes a point of hiring outsiders as managers instead of promoting insiders. Well, that company will soon find that its own best employees will have not choice but to look to advance their own careers outside the company. And when these key employees leave, they will also take their valuable business contacts away with them to their new employer.11Exercise 7Conventional wisdom says that a very primitive kind of bread was the first grain food that human societies ate. But, you know, for the last few decades, there’s been an alternative hypothesis that quite a few anthropologists are starting to give a closer look. That hypotheses says that is was, in fact, beer—not bread—that was the first again food. Sound strange? Consider a couple of things. For one thing, you don’t have to grind wheat to make it easier to eat. If you keep it in a moist environment, it naturally starts sprouting, with a new baby plant splitting the hard seed case in half. Sprouted wheat is sweeter, softer, and actually more nutritious than whole wheat seeds—and it would have developed without human bright idea of crushing it. In order to discover the usefulness of ground wheat, someone gad to get the bright idea of crushing it. To discover the usefulness of sprouted wheat, people just had to do nothing and let it sit. Which do you think happened first? Another thing: what turns grain into beer is fermentation, and wheat begins to ferment almost as soon as it’s stored—from water and yeasts in the air. After the wheat sprouted, it would have started to ferment. The process would have been obvious because of the bubbles and foam that formed. People could have experimented by tasting it and discovering the first beer. And even if you assume that people were already grinding wheat to paste, think about it. The paste ferments and bubbles. Is it likely that early peoples would have thought to fire it before eating? We’re used to cooking our food, but in prehistoric times, the idea that you would take fire to food to improve it for eating was not obvious.Exercise 8For years, forest fires were regarded as uniformly destructive, and forest managers put alout of effort into preventing them. But it turns out that fire suppression may have destructive long-term effects on the forests it’s supposed to protect. For instance, mature oaks have grown so thickly in some places that little light reaches the forest floor. But young oak trees need light in order to grow properly. The lack of light has meant that new oaks aren’t maturing rapidly enough to replace the older oaks. It also means that other tree species that don’t need so much light, such as maples, are invading oak and hickory forests and competing for resource. There are competition problems at ground level too. What forest fires, both natural and artificial, used to do is burn off some of the plants on the forest floor before they could grow into huge thickets. Now they run wild over the ground—and again, that means it’s hard for young trees and other native plants to grow. Then there’s the increase in the deer population—this partially results from the lack of forest fires and partially from limitations on hunting—but the thing is, deer like to eat the leaves off oak saplings. So if one of those oak seedlings somehow does manage to get a good start, despite the shade and all the other plants competing for nutrients, it’s likely to be killed by having its leaves eaten. Oh, and one other thing: Scientists are now finding that forest fires release nutrients from the plants and animals that are burned. That means that, even though the total amount of nutrients is decreased, there can actually be more nutrients available on the soil surface for plants that are trying to grow back afterward.12。
新托福（TOEFL）考试作文题选编50题（1）
1. Some people think that parents should plan their children’s leisure time carefully. Other people believe? that children should decide for themselves how to spend their free time, Which idea do you agree with? Give reasons for your choice.2. People should be realistic rather than romantic insgroupsto live a better life. Do you agree or disagree? with the statement. Use specific reasons to support your answer.3. People should never be satisfied with what they have, they should always want something new or? something different Do you agree or disagree with the statement. Give reasons for your choice.4. Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults. Other people think? that friends are the most important influence on young adults. Which view do you agree with? Use examples to) support your position.5. Some students participate in school activities such as clubs and sports. Other students do not take part in?? such activities because they spend more time on their studies. Tell why you think the two groups of? students spend their time differently? Which type of student do you prefer to be? Explain why.6. Travelling is more important than reading books insgroupsto understand the people and the world Do you? agree or disagree with the statement Use specific reasons to support your answer.7. Some people like different friends. Others like similar friends. Compare the advantages of these two? kinds of friends. Which kind of friend do you prefer. Explain why?8. After they complete their university studies, some students live in their hometowns, others live in? different towns or cities. Which do you think is better ... living in your hometown or livingin different towns or cities. Give specific reasons for your answer.9. Some people believe that newspaper are the best source of news. Others think that the news is presented? better on radio or television. Which of these sources of news do you prefer? Use specific examples to? support your choice.10. Some people learn best when a classroom lesson is presented in an entertaining , enjoyable way. Other? people learn best when a lesson is presented in a serious, formal way. Which of these two ways of? learning do you prefer? Give reasons to support your answer.11. Some people say that the best preparation for life is learning to be cooperative. Others take the opposite? view and say that learning to be competitive is the best preparation. Tell which one you agree with and explain why.12. Some people pay money for the things they want or need. Other people trade products or goods for? what they need. Compare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things. Which way do you? prefer? Explain why.13. Some people believe that growing up in a large family, with several sisters and brothers, offers? more advantages than disadvantages. Other people think that being the only child is more? advantageous. Write a short essay in which you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each position. Explain which position you support.14. Some people think studying in a university is worthwhile only because you can get a degree. Do you? agree or disagree with the statement? Give specific reasons to support your answer.15. Inventions such as eyeglasses and the sewing machine have had an important effect on our lives.? Choose another invention that you think is important. Give specific reasons foryour choice.16. Someone think that playing a game is fun only when you win. Do you agree or disagree with the? statement. Use specific reasons to support your answer.17. A research center is going to be established in a university. There is an argument whether to establish an agricultural center or a business one. Which do your think is better. Use specific reasons to support your answer.18. "Fiction (such as short stories or novels) can teach us more about life than textbooks can". Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific examples to support your answer.19. Living in big cities has more advantages dm living in small towns or countryside. Do you agree or disagree with the statement. Use specific reasons to support your answer.20. Some university students want to live in a room alone. Others prefershavingsroommates. Which do you like betterkliving alone or living with roommates? Give specific examples to support your answer.21. Some people like to travel alone, other like to travel together with several friends. Which do you prefer, Why?22. Which is more important for you in your life? Knowledge from books you read, or personal experiences in reality. Please use details to explain your answer.23. Newspapers contain many information topics such as sports, current event, business and entertainment. Which topic do you like to read most often. Give reasons to explain your answer.24. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should always show their strong emotions (such asexcitement, anger, or joy). Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.25. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Dissatisfaction leads to progress. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.26. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement.A stu dent’s main purpose in getting an education is to earn a lot of money. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.。
托福听写作业1
听写是听力提高最有效的方法托福听写作业1听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面）订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面）正确原文：This morning I want to tell you about a recent scientific discovery dealing with the relationship between plants and animals. This is about a desert shrub whose leaves can shoot a stream of poisonous resin a distance of six feet. You think it would be safe from all attacks by insects? But a recent study has found one insect, a beetle that can chew its way past the plant's defense system by cutting the main vein that delivers the poison to the leaves. This vein cutting is just one method the beetles used to prepare a safe meal. Another is by cutting a path all the way across the leaves to hold the flow of chemicals. Then they simply eat between the veins of poison. In the past, scientists who stu died insect adaptation to plant defenses have focused on chemical responses, that is, how the insects can neutralize or alter the poisonous substances plants produce. What's unique about this chewing strategy is that the beetle is actually exhibiting a behavioral response to the plant's defenses rather than the more common chemical response. It is only after a beetle's survived several encounters with the plant's resin that it learns how to avoid the poison: by chewing through the resin transporting veins on the next leaf it eats, and thus gives itself a safe meal. However, it can take a beetle an hour and a half of careful vein cutting to prepare a small leaf that takes it only a few minutes to eat. So, though the method is effective, it's not very efficient.生词摘录：1.shrub: n. 灌木2.resin: n. 树脂3.beetle: n. 甲壳虫4.vein: n. 静脉5.neutralize: v. 中和6.alter: v. 改变7.leaves：读音（无s感）8. a stream of:一连串的9.poi son ous：adj.有毒的10.c hew its way：通过咀嚼制造一条路11.d efen se12.c hemical作为“化学制品”讲可数13.s ubstance：物质14.b ehavioral response15.e ncounter：v./n. 遭遇，邂逅。
托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO1听力Conversation1文本 Student: Hi, um…, I really hope you can help me. Librarian: That’s why I’m here. What can I do for you? Student: I’m supposed to do a literature review for my psychology course, but um… having a hard time finding articles. I don’t even know where to start looking. Librarian: You said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on … Student: Dream Interpretation. Librarian: Well, you have a focus, so that’s already a good start. Hmmm… well, there’re a few things… oh wait… have you checked to see if your professor put any material for you to look at on reserve? Student: Aha, that’s one thing I did know to do. I just copied an article, but I still need three more on my topic from three different journals. Librarian: Let’s get you going on looking for those then. We have printed versions of twenty or so psychology journals in the Reference Section. These are the ones published within the last year. Then I think about it… there’s a journal named Sleep and Dream. Student: Oh, yeah, the article I just copied is from that journal, so I’ve got to look at other sources. Librarian: Ok, actually, most of our materials are available electronically now. You can access psychology databases or electronic journals and articles through the library’s computers, and if you want to search by title with the word ‘dream’ for example, just type it in and all the articles with ‘dream’ in the title will come up on the screen. Student: Cool, that’s great! Too bad I cannot do this from home. Librarian: But you can. All of the library's databases and electronic sources can be accessed through any computer connected to the university network. Student: Really, I can’t believe I didn’t know that. It still sounds like it’sgoing to take a while though, you know, going through all of that information, all of those sources. Librarian: Maybe, but you already narrow your search down to articles on Dream Interpretation, so it shouldn’t be too bad. And you probably notice that there’s an abstract or summary at the top of the first page of the article you copied. When you go into the databases and electronic sources, you have the option to display the abstracts on the computer screen, skimming those to decide whether or not you want to read the whole article should cut down some time. Student: Right, abstracts! They’ll definitely make the project more doable. I guess I should try out the electronic search while I’m still here then, you know, just in case. Librarian: Sure, er… that computer’s free over there, and I’ll be here till five this afternoon. Student: Thanks, I feel a lot better about this assignment now. 托福TPO1听力Conversation1题目 1.Why does the student go to see the librarian? a) To sign up for a seminar on using electronic sources for research b) To report that a journal is missing from the reference area c) To find out the procedure for checking out journal articles d) To ask about how to look for resources for a class paper 2.What does the librarian say about the availability of journals and articles in the library? a) They are not easy to find if a professor put them on reserve. b) Most of them are accessible in an electronic format. c) Most of them can be checked out for three weeks. d) Printed versions from the past three years are located in the reference section. 3.What does the librarian suggest the student should do to save time?。
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托福听写作业1
听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面）
This morning I want to tell you a recent scientific discovery dealing with the relationship between plants and animals. This is about the desert shrub whose leaves can a poisonous recent a poisonous defeat.You think it will be safe by all attack of insect.But the recent study have found on insect, a beetle, that can choose a way pass the defend system by cutting the main la that deliver the poison to the leave. This vein cutting is just one method the beetle use to prepare a day meal.Another is by cutting a path all the way across the leave to hold the flower chemical. Than they simply eat between the d of poison.In the past, scientist who study insect adaptation to plan defends has focus on chemical responses.That is how the insects can neutralize or auto the poisonous substances plants produce.What's unique about this trueing strategy is that the beetle is actually edbing a behavioural response to the plant defends.Revel and more common chemical response. It is only after a beetle survive seveling counters with the plants revent that it learn how to avoid the poisons by choosing through the recent trasporting vein on the next leaves at e and us get itself to save meal. However, it can take a beland hour and a half of careful vein cutting to prepare a small leave that take only a few minutes to it. So, though the method is effective, it's not very efficient.
订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面）
正确原文：
This morning I want to tell you about a recent scientific discovery dealing with the relationship between plants and animals. This is about a desert shrub whose leaves can shoot a stream of poisonous resin a distance of six feet. You think it would be safe from all attacks by insects? But a recent study has found one
insect, a beetle that can chew its way past the plant's defense system by cutting the main vein that delivers the poison to the leaves. This vein cutting is just one method the beetles used to prepare a safe meal. Another is by cutting a path all the way across the leaves to hold the flow of chemicals. Then they simply eat between the veins of poison. In the past, scientists who studied insect adaptation to plant defenses have focused on chemical responses, that is, how the insects can neutralize or alter the poisonous substances plants produce. What's unique about this chewing strategy is that the beetle is actually exhibiting a behavioral response to the plant's defenses rather than the more common chemical response. It is only after a beetle's survived several encounters with the plant's resin that it learns how to avoid the poison: by chewing through the resin transporting veins on the next leaf it eats, and thus gives itself a safe meal. However, it can take a beetle an hour and a half of careful vein cutting to prepare a small leaf that takes it only a few minutes to eat. So, though the method is effective, it's not very efficient.
生词摘录：
1.shrub: n. 灌木
2.resin: n. 树脂
3.beetle: n. 甲壳虫
4.vein: n. 静脉
5.neutralize: v. 中和
6.alter: v. 改变。