2015年河南专升本教育理论真题分析
2015成考专升本教育理论真题答案
2015年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试教育理论试题及参考答案远题一詼肓学一・小Ig.毎小駆2分•共24分。
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2015年河南专升本高数真题+答案解析
河南省2015年普通高等学校 专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试高等数学一、选择题（每小题2分，共60分）在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
1．已知函数()f x x =，则1f f x ⎡⎤⎛⎫= ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦（ ）A ．xB ．2xC ．1xD ．21x 【答案】C【解析】因为()f x x =，则11f x x⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭，所以111f f f x x x ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫== ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦．2．已知函数84()f x x x =-，则()f x 是（ ）A ．奇函数B ．偶函数C ．非奇非偶函数D ．无法判断【答案】B【解析】()()8484()()f x x x x x f x -=---=-=，即()f x 为偶函数．3．已知函数12()f x x =，则()f x 的定义域是（ ）A ．(0,)+∞B ．[0,)+∞C ．(,0)-∞D ．(,0]-∞【答案】B【解析】由12()f x x ==()f x 的定义域是[0,)+∞．4．已知极限0sin()lim 2x mx x→=，则可确定m 的值是（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．12D ．0【答案】B【解析】00sin()lim lim 2x x mx mxm xx →→===．5．当0x →时，若212cos ~2a x x -，则可确定a 的值一定是（ ）A ．0B ．1C ．12 D ．12-【答案】C【解析】由()212cos ~02a x x x -→，可知()2001lim 2cos lim 2x x a x x →→-=，即2cos00a -=，故12a =．6．下列极限存在的是（ ）A ．21limx x x →∞+B ．01lim21x x →-C ．01lim x x→D．x 【答案】A【解析】22111lim lim 01x x x x x x →∞→∞++==，极限存在；01lim 21xx →=∞-，极限不存在；01lim x x→=∞，极限不存在；x x =∞，极限不存在．7．已知函数sin ,0()1,0a xx f x x x ⎧≠⎪=⎨⎪=⎩，在0x =处，下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．1a =时，()f x 必然连续B ．0a =时，()f x 必然连续C ．1a =时，()f x 不连续D ．1a =-时，()f x 必然连续【答案】A【解析】00sin lim ()limx x a xf x a x→→==，又知(0)1f =，故1a =时，()f x 必连续．8．极限30sin lim sin x x xx →-的值是（ ）A ．16B ．13C ．0D ．∞【答案】A【解析】2332200001sin sin 1cos 12lim lim lim lim sin 336x x x x xx x x x x x x x x →→→→---====．9．已知函数()()()f x x a g x =-，其中()g x 在点x a =处可导，则()f a '=（ ）A ．0B ．'()g aC ．()g aD ．()f a【答案】C 【解析】00()()()0()limlim ()x x f a x f a xg a x f a g a x x→→+-+-'===．10．已知曲线2()f x x =与3()g x x =，当它们的切线相互垂直时，自变量x 的值应为（ ）A ．1-B． C ．16-D【答案】B【解析】()2f x x '=，2()3g x x '=，两曲线的切线相互垂直，即()()1f x g x ''⋅=-，即2231x x ⋅=-，即x =11．已知函数()f x x =，则该函数()f x 在点0x =处（ ） A ．连续且可导 B ．不连续C ．连续但不可导D ．左右导数均不存在【答案】C【解析】00lim ()lim 0(0)x x f x x f →→===，故()f x 在0x =处连续； 00()(0)(0)lim lim 1x x f x f x f x x ---→→--'===-，00()(0)(0)lim lim 1x x f x f xf xx +++→→-'===，故()f x 在0x =处不可导．12．已知函数()cos f x x =在闭区间[]0,2π上满足罗尔定理，那么在开区间(0,2)π内使得等式'()0f ξ=成立的ξ值是（ ）A ．2πB ．πC ．0D ．2π【答案】B【解析】()cos f x x =，()sin f x x '=-，令()sin 0f x x '=-=，02x π<<，可得x π=，即ξπ=．13．已知函数()f x 在邻域(,)δδ-内连续，当(,0)x δ∈-时，'()0f x <，当(0,)x δ∈时，'()0f x >，则在邻域(,)δδ-内（ ）A ．(0)f 是极小值B ．(0)f 是极大值C ．(0)f 不是极值D ．(0)f 是最大值【答案】A【解析】由题可知()f x 在(,0)δ-上单调减少，在(0,)δ上单调增加，又由()f x 在(,)δδ-内连续，可知()f x 在0x =处取得极小值．14．已知函数()f x 在开区间(,)a b 内有：'()0f x <且"()0f x >，则在开区间(,)a b 内，()f x 是（ ） A ．单调递减且形状为凸 B ．单调递增且形状为凸C ．单调递减且形状为凹D ．单调递增且形状为凹【答案】C【解析】'()0f x <，说明()f x 在(,)a b 内单调递减，"()0f x >，说明()f x 在(,)a b 内为凹函数．15．已知曲线52y x =+，则该曲线的拐点(,)x y =（ ）A ．(0,2)B ．(1,3)C ．(0,0)D ．(1,1)-【答案】A【解析】45y x '=，320y x ''=，令0y ''=，得0x =，且0x <时0y ''<，0x >时0y ''>，故(0,2)为曲线的拐点．16．已知函数()F x 是()f x 的一个原函数，则不定积分(2)f x dx =⎰（ ）A ．1()2F x C +B ．1(2)2F x C +C ．()F x C +D ．(2)F x C +【答案】B【解析】11(2)(2)(2)(2)22f x dx f x d x F x C ==+⎰⎰．17．已知函数0()sin xf x t tdt =⎰，则'()f x =（ ）A ．sin xB ．cos x xC ．cos x x -D ．sin x x【答案】D 【解析】()'()sin sin xf x t tdt x x '==⎰．18．已知函数()f x 在闭区间[,]a a -上连续，则定积分4sin aa x xdx -=⎰（ ）．A ．-1B ．0C ．1D ．不确定【答案】B【解析】由于被积函数4sin x x 为奇函数，故4sin 0aa x xdx -=⎰．19．已知定积分1210I x dx =⎰，1320I x dx =⎰，则有（ ）A ．12I I >B ．12I I =C ．12I I <D ．不确定【答案】A【解析】当01x ≤≤时，23x x >，且等号只在端点处成立，故112300x dx x dx >⎰⎰，即12I I >．20．已知函数()y f x =在闭区间[,]a a -上连续，且()0f x ≥，则由曲线()y f x =与直线x a =，x b =，0y =所围成的平面图形的面积是（ ）A ．()baf x dx ⎰B ．()abf x dx ⎰C ．()()()f b f a b a --D ．不确定【答案】A【解析】由定积分的几何意义可知A 正确．21．已知下列微分方程，则可进行分离变量的是（ ） A ．'3sin xy y x -= B ．2(cos )()0x y x dy y x dx -++=C ．'sin cos y x y =D ．'420yy y x -==【答案】C 【解析】C 中sin cos dyx y dx=，分离变量，得sin cos dy xdx y =．22．已知微分方程''5'0y y ay -+=的一个解为2x e ，则常数a =（ ）A ．4B ．3C ．5D ．6【答案】D【解析】22()2x x e e '=，22()4x x e e ''=，代入微分方程，得2224520x x x e e ae -⨯+=，6a =．23．下列各组角中，可以作为向量的一组方向角的是（ ）A ．,,446πππB ．,,432πππC ．,,434πππD ．,,433πππ【答案】D【解析】由于方向角α，β，γ必须满足222cos cos cos 1αβγ++=，可以验证只有D 正确．24．已知函数2223z x xy y =+-，则2zx y∂∂∂=（ ）A ．2-B ．2C ．6D ．3【答案】D【解析】43zx y x∂=+∂，23z z x y y x ∂∂∂⎛⎫== ⎪∂∂∂∂⎝⎭．25．某公司要用铁板做成一个容积为327m 的有盖长方体水箱，为使用料最省，则该水箱的最小表面积应为（ ）A ．354mB ．327mC ．39mD ．36m【答案】A【解析】设长方形的长宽分别为a 、b ，则高为27ab，于是，表面积2727545422S ab ab b a b a ⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪⎝⎭，令2254205420S b a a S a bb ∂⎧=-=⎪⎪∂⎨∂⎪=-=⎪∂⎩，得33a b =⎧⎨=⎩，且驻点唯一，由于实际问题最值一定存在，可知最小表面积354S m =．26．已知平面闭区域22:116D x y ≤+≤，则二重积分3Ddxdy =⎰⎰（ ）A ．45πB ．45C ．48πD ．48【答案】A【解析】22333(41)45D Ddxdy S πππ==⋅-⋅=⎰⎰．27．已知100(,)(,)Df x y d dx f x y dy σ=⎰⎰⎰，将积分次序改变，则(,)D f x y d σ=⎰⎰（ ）A ．2110(,)y dy f x y dx ⎰⎰ B ．2101(,)y dy f x y dx ⎰⎰C ．2110(,)y dy f x y dx ⎰⎰D ．2011(,)y dy f x y dx ⎰⎰【答案】A【解析】2110(,)(,)D y f x y d dy f x y dx σ=⎰⎰⎰⎰．28．已知L 为连接(1,0)及(0,1)两点的直线段，则曲线积分()L x y ds +=⎰（ ）A ．2BC ．1D ．0【答案】B【解析】由于直线段L 的方程为1x y +=，故()Lx y ds +==⎰⎰29．下列级数绝对收敛的是（ ）A ．1(1)nn ∞=-∑B ．111(1)3n n n n ∞--=-∑ C ．1(1)sinnn nπ∞=-∑D ．2112(1)!xn n n ∞+=-∑ 【答案】B【解析】对于B 项，121(1)3n n nu --=-，111113lim lim lim 1333n n n n n nn n u n n u n +→∞→∞→∞-++===<，故1n n u ∞=∑收敛，原级数绝对收敛．30．已知级数1n n μ∞=∑，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A ．若lim 0n x μ→∞=，则1n n μ∞=∑收敛 B ．若1n n μ∞=∑的部分和数列{}n S 有界，则1n n μ∞=∑收敛C ．若1n n μ∞=∑收敛，则1n n μ∞=∑绝对收敛D ．若1n n μ∞=∑发散，则1n n μ∞=∑也发散【答案】C【解析】A 项中若1n nμ=，结论不成立；B 项中若(1)n n μ=-，结论不成立；D 项中若1(1)nn nμ=-，结论不成立；由绝对收敛的定义知，C 正确．二、填空题（每小题2分，共20分）31．已知函数()1f x x =-，则()f x 的反函数y =________． 【答案】1y x =+【解析】由1y x =-，得1x y =+，交换x ，y 的位置，得反函数为1y x =+，x R ∈．32．极限21lim 31n n n →∞+=+________． 【答案】0【解析】222111lim lim 01313n n n n n n n →∞→∞++=++33．已知函数1,1()1,1x x f x x +≠⎧=⎨=⎩，则点1x =是()f x 的________间断点． 【答案】可去【解析】()11lim ()lim 12x x f x x →→=+=，而(1)1f =，故1x =是()f x 的可去间断点．34．已知函数()ln f x x =为可导函数，则()f x 在点 1.01x =处的近似值为________． 【答案】0．01【解析】由000()()()f x x f x f x x '+∆≈+∆，故(10.01)(1)(1)0.010.01f f f '+≈+⋅=．35．不定积分cos(32)x dx +=⎰________． 【答案】1sin(32)3x C ++【解析】11cos(32)cos(32)(32)sin(32)33x dx x d x x C +=++=++⎰⎰．36．定积分0sin 2xdx π=⎰________．【答案】2 【解析】000sin 2sin 2cos22222x x x x dx d πππ==-=⎰⎰．37．已知函数22ln()z x y =+，则全微分(1,1)dz =________．【答案】dx dy +【解析】222z x x x y ∂=∂+，222z y y x y ∂=∂+，则(1,1)(1,1)(1,1)222222xy dz dx dy dx dy x y x y =+=+++．38．与向量{}3,4,1-平行的单位向量是________．【答案】± 【解析】=±=±e ．39．微分方程'x y y e -=的通解是________． 【答案】ln()x y e C =+【解析】xy dy e dx e=，分离变量，得y x e dy e dx =，两边积分，得y x e e C =+，即通解为ln()x y e C =+．40．幂级数1(21)nn n x ∞=+∑的收敛半径R =________．【答案】1 【解析】121lim lim 123n n n na n R a n +→∞→∞+===+．三、计算题（每小题5分，共50分） 41．求极限1lim(1sin )xx x →∞+．【答案】e【解析】原式111sin lim sin sin lim(1sin )x x x x xxx x ee →∞⋅⋅⋅→∞=+==．42．已知函数()f x 为可导函数，且()0f x ≠，求函数y =【解析】[]121()()2y f x f x -''=⋅．43．计算不定积分21xdxx +⎰． 【答案】21ln(1)2x C ++【解析】原式()222111ln(1)212d x x C x +==+++⎰．44．计算定积分⎰【答案】1【解析】11111t t tt te dt tde te e dt ===-=⎰⎰⎰⎰．45．求过点(1,2,1)A ，且与直线240:320x y z l x y z -+=⎧⎨--=⎩平行的直线方程． 【答案】1219710x y z ---== 【解析】所求直线的方向向量为()2419,7,10312=-=--i j ks ，又直线过点(1,2,1)A ，故所求直线方程为1219710x y z ---==． 46．已知函数(,)z f x y =由方程22240x y z z ++-=所确定，求全微分dz ． 【答案】2xdx ydy z+- 【解析】方程两边微分，得22240xdx ydy zdz dz ++-=，整理得2xdx ydy dz z +=-．47．计算二重积分22x y D e dxdy +⎰⎰，其中D 是环形域2214x y ≤+≤．【答案】()4e e π- 【解析】()222222224011122x y r r D edxdy d e rdr e dr e e πθππ+=⋅=⋅=-⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰．48．求微分方程'xy e y x x+=的通解． 【答案】()1x y e C x=+ 【解析】()()11ln ln 11x xdx dx x x x x x x e e y e e dx C e e dx C e dx C e C x x x x --⎛⎫⎛⎫⎰⎰=+=+=+=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎰⎰⎰．49．求幂级数11(1)(1)n n n x n∞-=--∑的收敛区间． 【答案】(0,2) 【解析】11(1)lim lim 11(1)n n n n n nu x n x u n x ++→∞→∞-=⋅=-+-，令11x -<，得111x -<-<，即02x <<，故收敛区间为(0,2)．50．求级数11n n nx∞-=∑的和函数．【答案】()()211S x x =-，()1,1x ∈-【解析】易求得此级数的收敛域为()1,1-，设()11n n S x nx ∞-==∑，()1,1x ∈-，则11000111()1xxx n n n n n n x S t dt nt dt nt dt x x ∞∞∞--===⎛⎫==== ⎪-⎝⎭∑∑∑⎰⎰⎰，()1,1x ∈-，两边求导，得()()2111x S x x x '⎛⎫== ⎪-⎝⎭-，故原级数的和函数为()()211S x x =-，()1,1x ∈-．四、应用题（每小题7分，共14分）51．计算由曲线0x =，x y e =，y e =所围成的平面图形的面积．【答案】1【解析】所求平面图形的面积()101x S e e dx =-=⎰．52．某公司主营业务是生产自行车，而且产销平衡，公司的成本函数3()400002000.002C x x x =+-，收入函数3()3500.004R x x x =-，则生产多少辆自行车时，公司的利润最大？【答案】37500【解析】公司的利润22()()()3500.004400002000.002L x R x C x x x x x =-=---+21500.00240000x x =--，1500.004L x '=-，令0L '=，得唯一驻点37500x =，且0L ''<，由实际问题知最大值一定存在，故37500x =时，L 取得最大值，即生产37500辆自行车时，公司利润最大．五、证明题（6分）53．已知方程11730x x x x --+=有一正根1x =，证明方程1062117310x x x --+=必有一个小于1的正根．【证明】令1173()f x x x x x =--+，则根据题意可知(1)0f =，因为()f x 在[]0,1上连续，在()0,1内可导，且(0)(1)0f f ==，故由罗尔定理可知：()0,1ξ∃∈，使得()0f ξ'=，即1062117310ξξξ--+=，故方程1062117310x x x --+=必有一个小于1的正根．。
河南省专升本考试高等数学真题2015年
河南省专升本考试高等数学真题2015年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.已知函数f(x)=x，则______A．xB．x 2C．D．（分数：2.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 因为f(x)=x，则，所以C．2.已知函数f(x)=x 8 -x 4，则f(x)是______（分数：2.00）A.奇函数B.偶函数√C.非奇非偶函数D.无法判断解析：[解析] f(-x)=(-x) 8 -(-x) 4 =x 8 -x 4 =f(x)，即f(x)为偶函数．3.f(x)的定义域是______（分数：2.00）A.(0，+∞)B.[0，+∞)√C.(-∞，0)D.(-∞，0]解析：[解析] f(x)的定义域为[0，+∞)．4.已知极限，则可确定m的值是______A．1B．2C．D．0（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析B．5.当x→0时，若，则可确定a的值一定是______A．0B．1C．D．（分数：2.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] 由，可知2a-cos0=2a-1=0C正确．6.下列极限存在的是______A．B．C．D．（分数：2.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] A项，，极限存在；B项，，极限不存在；C项，，极限不存在；C项，，极限不存在．7.x=0处，下列结论正确的是______（分数：2.00）A.a=1时，f(x)必然连续√B.a=0时，f(x)必然连续C.a=1时，f(x)不连续D.a=-1时，f(x)必然连续解析：[解析f(0)=1，故a=1时，f(x)必然连续．8.极限的值是______A．B．C．0D．∞（分数：2.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析9.已知函数f(x)=(x-a)g(x)，其中g(x)在点x=a处可导，则f"(a)=______（分数：2.00）A.0B.g"(a)C.g(a) √D.f(a)解析：[解析10.已知曲线f(x)=x 2与g(x)=x 3，当它们的切线相互垂直时，自变量x的值应为______A．-1B．C．D．（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] f"(x)=2x，g"(x)=3x 2，两曲线的切线相互垂直，即f"(x)·g"(x)=-1，即2x·3x 2 =1，即11.已知函数f(x)=|x|，则该函数f(x)在点x=0处______（分数：2.00）A.连续且可导B.不连续C.连续但不可导√D.左右导数均不存在解析：[解析] ，故f(x)在x=0处连续．由于f" _(0)≠f" + (0)，故f(x)在x=0处不可导．12.已知函数f(x)=cosx在闭区间[0，2π]上满足罗尔定理，那么在开区间(0，2π)内使得等式f"(ξ)=0成立的ξ值是______A．B．πC．0D．2π（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] f(x)=cosx，f"(x)=-sinx，令f"(x)=-sinx-0，0＜x＜2π，可知x=π，即ξ=π．13.已知函数f(x)在邻域(-δ，δ)内连续，当x∈(-δ，0)时，f"(x)＜0；当x∈(0，δ)时，f"(x)＞0，则在邻域(-δ，δ)内 ______（分数：2.00）A.f(0)是极小值√B.f(0)是极大值C.f(0)不是极值D.f(0)是最大值解析：[解析] 由题可知f(x)在(-δ，0)内单调减少，在(0，δ)内单调增加，又由f(x)在(-δ，δ)上连续，可知f(x)在x=0处取得极小值．14.已知函数f(x)在开区间(a，b)内有：f"(x)＜0且f"(x)＞0，则在开区间(a，b)内，f(x)是______ （分数：2.00）A.单调递减且形状为凸B.单调递增且形状为凸C.单调递减且形状为凹√D.单调递增且形状为凹解析：[解析] f"(x)＜0f(x)为(a，b)内的减函数；f"(x)＞为(n，6)内的凹函数，本题选C．15.已知曲线y=2+x 5，则该曲线的拐点(x，y)=______（分数：2.00）A.(0，2) √B.(1，3)C.(0，0)D.(-1，1)解析：[解析] y"=5x 4，y"=20x 3，令y"=0，得x=0，且x＜0时，y"＜0，x＞0时，y"＞0，故(0，2)为曲线的拐点．16.已知函数F(x)是f(x)的一个原函数，则不定积分∫f(2x)dx=______A．B．C．F(x)+CD．F(2x)+C（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析17.f"(x)=______（分数：2.00）A.sinxB.xcosxC.-xcosxD.xsinx √解析：[解析18.已知函数f(x)在闭区间[-a，a]（分数：2.00）A.-1B.0 √C.1D.不确定解析：[解析] 由于被积函数x 4 sinx为奇函数，故19.______（分数：2.00）A.I1＞I2 √B.I1=I2C.I1＜I2D.不确定解析：[解析] 当0≤x≤1时，x 2≥x 3，且等号只在端点处成立，故I 1＞I 2．20.已知函数y=f(x)在闭区间[a，b]上连续，且f(x)≥0，则由曲线y=f(x)与直线x=a，x=b，y=0所围成的平面图形的面积是______A．B．C．|f(b)-f(a)|(b-a)D．不确定（分数：2.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 由定积分的几何意义可知A正确．21.已知下列微分方程，则可进行分离变量的是______（分数：2.00）A.xy"-3y=sinxB.(x-ycosx)dy+(y+x2)dx=0C.y"=sinxcosy √D.yy"-4y+2x=0解析：[解析] C项中，，分离变量，得C正确．22.已知微分方程y"-5y"+ay=0的一个解为e 2x，则常数a=______（分数：2.00）A.4B.3C.5D.6 √解析：[解析] (e 2x )"=2e 2x，(e 2x )"=4e 2x，代入微分方程，得4e 2x -5×2e 2x +ae 2x =(a-6)e 2x =0，由于e 2x＞0，故a=6．23.下列各组角中，可以作为向量的一组方向角的是______A．B．C．D．（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] 由于方向角α，β，γ必须满足cos 2α+cos 2β+cos 2γ=1，可以验证只有D项正确．24.已知函数z=2x 2 +3xy-y 2，则（分数：2.00）A.-2B.2C.6D.3 √解析：[解析25.某公司要用铁板做成一个容积为27m 3的有盖长方体水箱，为使用料最省，则该水箱的最小表面积应为______（分数：2.00）A.54m2 √B.27m2C.9m2D.6m2解析：[解析] 设长方体的长宽分别为a，b，则高为，于是，表面积，令，得由实际问题最值一定存在，可知最小表面积．26.已知平面闭区域D：1≤x 2 +y 2≤16，则二重积分（分数：2.00）A.45π√B.45C.48πD.48解析：[解析27.已知，若将积分次序改变，则______A．B．C．D．（分数：2.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] 由题，画出积分区域如图所示，交换积分次序，得28.已知L为连接(1，0)及(0，1)两点的直线段，则曲线积分∫ L (x+y)ds=______ A．2B．C．1D．0（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 由于直线段的方程为x+y=1，故29.下列级数绝对收敛的是______A．B．C．D．（分数：2.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] 对于B项，故收敛，原级数绝对收敛．30.已知级数，则下列结论正确的是______ A．若，则收敛B．若的部分和数列{S n }有界，则收敛C．若收敛，则绝对收敛D．若发散，则也发散（分数：2.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] A项中若，结论不成立；B项中若u n =(-1) n，结论不成立；D项中若，结论不成立；由绝对收敛的定义知，C项正确．二、填空题(总题数：10，分数：20.00)31.已知函数f(x)=x-1，则f(x)的反函数是y= 1．（分数：2.00）解析：x+1[解析] 由y=x-1，得x=y+1，交换x，y的位置，得反函数为y=x+1．32.极限．（分数：2.00）解析：0[解析] 由于，故为n→∞时的无穷小量，又为有界变量，故33.已知函数x=1是f(x)的 1间断点．（分数：2.00）解析：可去[解析，而f(1)=1，故x=1为f(x)的可去间断点．34.已知函数f(x)=lnx为可导函数，则f(x)在点x=1.01处的近似值为 1．（分数：2.00）解析：0.01[解析] 由f(x0+Δx)≈f(x0)+f"(x0)Δx35.不定积分∫cos(3x+2)dx= 1．（分数：2.00）解析：[解析36.定积分．（分数：2.00）解析：2[解析37.已知函数x=ln(x 2 +y 2 )，则全微分dz| (1，1) = 1．（分数：2.00）解析：dx+dy [解析] ，则38.与向量{-3，4，1)平行的单位向量是 1．（分数：2.00）解析： [解析] 向量的模为故与之平行的单位向量为39.微分方程y"=e x-y的通解是 1．（分数：2.00）解析：y=ln(e x +C) [解析 e y dy=e x dx,两边积分，得e y =e x +C，即通解为y=ln(e x +C)，C为任意常数．40.幂级数R= 1．（分数：2.00）解析：1[解析三、计算题(总题数：10，分数：50.00)41.求极限（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()42.已知函数f(x)为可导函数，且f(x)≠0，求函数（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()43.计算不定积分（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()44.计算定积分（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：45.求过点A(1，2，1)且与直线（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：所求直线的方向向量为故所求直线方程为：46.已知函数z=f(x，y)由方程x 2 +y 2 +z 2 -4z=0所确定，求全微分dz．（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：方程两边微分，得2xdx+2ydy+2zdz-4dz=0整理，得47.计算二重积分D是环形域1≤x 2 +y 2≤4．（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()48.求微分方程（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：所求方程通解为49.求幂级数（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()=|x-1|＜1．∴-1＜x-1＜1，即0＜x＜2．故收敛区间为(0，2)．50.求级数（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：易求得此级数的收敛域为(-1，1)，设，x∈(-1，1)．则两边求导，得故原级数的和函数为四、应用题(总题数：2，分数：14.00)51.计算由曲线x=0，y=e x，y=e所围成的平面图形的面积．（分数：7.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()52.某公司主营业务是生产自行车，而且产销平衡，公司的成本函数C(x)=40000+200x-0.002x 2，收入函数R(x)=350x-0.004x 2，则生产多少辆自行车时，公司的利润最大?（分数：7.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：公司的利润π-R(x)-C(x)=350x-0.004x 2 -40000-200x+0.002x 2=150x-0.002x 2 -40000．π"=150-0.004x，令π"=0，得唯一驻点x=37500．由于实际问题最大值一定存在，故x=37500时，π取得最大值．即生产37500辆自行车时，公司的利润最大．五、证明题(总题数：1，分数：6.00)53.已知方程x 11 -x 7 -x 3 +x=0有一正根x=1，证明方程11x 10 -7x 6 -3x 2 +1=0必有一个小于1的正根．（分数：6.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：[证明] 令f(x)=x 11 -x 7 -x 3 +x，则根据题意可知f(1)=0．因为f(x)在[0，1]上连续，在(0，1)内可导，且f(0)=f(1)=0，故由罗尔定理可知：ξ∈(0，1)，使得f"(ξ)=0，即11ξ10 -7ξ6 -3ξ2 +1=0，故方程11x 10 -7x 6 -3x 2 +1=0必有一个小于1的正根．。
河南省专升本英语真题2015年
河南省专升本英语真题2015年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.Both the blue pink and the blue dresses are pretty but I like the ______ better.（分数：1.00）A.earlierB.beginnerC.former √D.first解析：[解析] 句意：蓝粉色和蓝色的裙子都很漂亮，但是我更喜欢前者。
词义辨析。
由语境可知，此处是两种裙子的比较，选项中只有the former(前者)符合语境，相当于the blue pink dress。
故应选C。
2.He made a ______ to let all children learn English, but he soon found it impossible without an online course.（分数：1.00）A.confinementmitment √C.conceptionmission解析：[解析] 句意：他承诺要让所有孩子学习英语，但是他很快发现没有在线课程，这是不可能的。
词语搭配。
make a commitment：承诺，做出承诺，为固定搭配。
3.The people living in these apartments have free ______ to that swimming pool.（分数：1.00）A.access √B.excessC.excursionD.recreation解析：[解析] 句意：住在这些公寓里的人有免费使用那个游泳池的权利。
词义辨析。
access：接近的机会，使用的权利；excess：过量，过分；excursion：远足，游览；recreation：消遣，娱乐。
故have access to(有权使用)符合题意。
2015年河南省专升本《公共英语》真题试题试卷及答案
2015年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试Part ⅠV ocabulary and Structure (1×40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence，and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.Both the blue pink and the blue dresses are pretty but I like the _ better.A.earlierB.b.beginnerC.formerD. first2.He made a ____ to let all children learn English, but he soon found it impossible without an online course.A.confinementB. commitmentC. conceptionD. commission3, The people living in these apartments have free __to that swimming pool.A.accessB. excessC. excursionD. recreation4.he_____the old man with 10 pounds for bringing back the lost dog.A.rewardB. prizedC. gaveD. Paid5.he said would never be intimidated ______what he didn't like by big names.A. DoB.to doC.didD. into doing6.I'm sorry to have_____you with so many questions on such an occasion.A. interferedB. offendedC. impressedD. disturbed7.1 only work_____weekdays, not_____weekends.A. on... onB. At...atC.on...atD.at...on8.She grabbed the soap and washed _____A. thoroughlyB. thoroughC.althoughD. though9.piano is a popular______.A.machineB.instrumentC.equipmentD.tool10.We are all ______at the way her husband treated her.A.disgustingB.disgustedC.disgustfulD.disgust11.There are many proverbs in Chinese______, there are also many proverbs in English.A.meanwhileB. SimilarlyuallyD.typically12.Many youngsters _______pop songs to old songs. They think pop singers are very cool.A.supposeB. preferC.suggestD. expect"'13.The engineer tried to ______the problem with several drawing.A.RecognizeB. impressC. IllustrateD. identify14.She_____to book a seat on the next flight.A. pushedB. drew C, rushed D. StrokeI5.His favorite______is playing drums.A. pastimeB. actionC. habitD. expect D. moment16._______weather may be too hot to the tourists.A.soB.suchC.whatD.which17.He_____ yesterday morning, and would stay for three days.A. checked upB. checked onC. checked outD. checked in18.There is absolutely no need to _______A. panicB. terrorC. frightD.rage19, I'd like to ______ my parents' greetings to you and your family.A.confrontB.displayC.consultD.convey20.The new look of the city has______ a deep impression on those foreign visitors.A. leftB. KeptC. markedD. remained21.It is ______ impossible to work with this noise around.A. especiallyB. absolutelyC. unreasonablyD. unusually22.A ____ person is extremely thin, in a way that you find unattractive.A. lonelyB. meanC. braveD. skinny23.Why is it______ the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel?A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which24.I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire______ the man make a fool of himself.A. seeB. to seeC.seeingD.seen25.why ____me to do it_____you can do it yourself?A.asking; though Bask;when .C.to ask;since D.asked;while26.I was too_____to ask him for help.A.embarrassedB.embarrassingC.thrilledD.thrilling27.Over-working can be a______the whole town.A.taskB.burdenC.botherD.weight28.The first soon_____the whole town.A.spread throughB.spread downC.spread overD.spread out29.The accident in which two people were seriously injured______careless driving.A.inB.fromC.onD.ofw school doesn't______as many years as medical school does.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay31._______ opposing views, our boss declared that the company would enter the furniture market.A.despite ofB.althoughC.ThoughD.in spite of32.People_______ believe that the sun went around the earth.A. wouldB. be used toC.willed to33. When J saw the expression on his face, I realized he is______ agreement with me.A. inB. forC.toD.on34.She didn't went to go to Africa: probably_____the whether is too hot.A, for B. because C. since D. as35.She is very______ to his ugly appearanceA.SensibleB. sensitiveC. SenseD. Sentimental36.It was only a ______injury, not all that serious.A. slightB. specialC. SimilarD. Substantial37. They were ______ white.A. dressedB.put onC. dressed upD. dressed in38.My children are looking forward to ______a trip to Paris.A. makeB. makingC. be makingD. have made39. _______he tried to explain any new idea, he just couldn't make himself understood.A. whoeverB. whateverC. whereverD. whenever40.Because they are ______a date, many of us believe that they are in love.A. inB. onC. outD. atPart ⅡCloze (1×20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.People’s attitude 41gift-giving may 42 from country to country , 43 the desire to convey a feeling of friendship is universal. Here is an example to 44 the differences.Japan is a _45__ country. It is not _46_in Japan to offer a gift to a person who is _47__ or has been helpful. When people do that, the gifts_48___ be substantial and expensive. __49___, at least in the typical Japanese style, it is not _50__ to attach a thank-you note or card to the gift. Japanese people may express their __51__ and friendship directly through the gift they have _52___ and given to the person they love and respect.In __53__, you are likely to get more cards__54__ gifts in the United States. A card may come with a small gift or no gift at all. In general, American people don’t _55___ very much whether the gift is expensive or not. As a matter of __56__,your gift to them would be __57__ all the more if you made it yourself _58___ buying it from a store. And the words on the card seem to be the most important thing. __59__ someone does not have a card on hand, he or she would write you a thank-you note on a piece of paper, give it to you _60__ or put it in your pigeon hole.41.A. Towards B. In C. On D. Of42.A. Differ B. Change C. V ary D. Become43.A. If B. Even though C. So D. Thus44.A.Argue B. Prove C. Against D. illustrate45.A. Gift give B. Gift-giving C. Give receive D. Gift-receiving46.A. Unusual B. Common C. Unique D. Extraordinary47.A. Coming B. Going C. Leaving D. Staying48.A. Is likely to B. Tend to C. Turn to D. Like to49.A. However B. Despite C. But D. Thus50.A. Ordered B. Demanded C. Required D. Suggested51.A. Purposes B. Sympathy C. Apologies D. Gratitude52.A. Select B. Selecting C. Chosen D. Choose53.A. Comparison B. Contrast C. Contract D. Contrary54.A. As B. Than C. To D. Then55.A. Care for B.care about C. Care D. Care to56.A. Truth B. Finding C. Fact D. Case57.A. Appreciated B. Regarded C. Received D. Supposed58.A. Instead of B. When C. Instead D. Despite of59.A. Whether B. Since C. As D. When60.A. In person B. In man C. By person D. For personPart ⅢReading Comprehension (2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneWhen I was studying English at a training center in Washington D.C. in 1998, I shared a house with two young Americans, Jim, and Steve. Jim was studying French and Steve Chinese, both at the Foreign Service Institute. We shared many things in common, but we also thought and acted quite differently. Steve was interested in speaking Chinese. He always tried every opportunity to talk with me with his very English-like pronunciation. I was often touched with his diligence. However, I wanted to practice English with him, too. So we often speak at the same time in the other’s mother tongue. Jim was fresh from college and the youngest of the three. He was going out all the time. The only time we met was at breakfast. There was a small round table in our kitchen, where we sat around to enjoy our food. Steve had Chinese fast food such as dumplings or noodles, and I ate bread and boiled eggs. But Jim often just drank a cup of tea because he had nothing in his bridge. He was too busy dating pretty French girls to do any shopping. I often offered him some of my food. But Steve told me in his poor Chinese that I didn’t need to do that. He said that it was Jim’s own fault and that it served him right. Although he was learning Chinese, he still held his American sense of value.Two years later, I returned to china. The three of us still keep in touch. Jim now works in a travel agency in Paris. He got married to one of the pretty girls. He wrote to tell us that now he can enjoy a delicious breakfast with his beautiful wife every morning in their comfortable living room. Steve wants to work in china. And I’m helping him with this. I have introduced him to the dean of the Overseas Section of our university. He is very interested in Steve.He wants to know if Steve can work here teaching the overseas students Chinese. I have sent the message to Steve. I’m sure he’d be very happy to accept the job. However, I hope he could try harder to improve himself. Otherwise, all the overseas students would speak with his terrible pronunciation!61. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The three of them were all language majors.B. Steve and Jim were more alike in character.C. The author didn’t enjoy talking with Steve.D. Their living condition was rather poor.62. What is the author’s opinion of Steve?A. Steve was a very hardworking fellow.B.Steve enjoyed cooking Chinese food.C.Steve enjoyed shopping more than Jim.D. Steve’s Chinese accent was quite pure.63. Which of the following is true about Jim?A. Going out with girls cost him a lot of time.B. He had a French way of making friends.C. He learned French in order to date Paris girls.D. He liked doing housework.64. What does the last sentence of the 1st paragraph imply?A. Steve didn’t like offering help to others.B. American people only eat their own food.C. Americans and Chinese differ in their sense of value.D. Steve wanted Jim to do his own shopping.65. From the last paragraph, we can learn that ______.A. Jim is a very good husband.B. Steve enjoys teaching Chinese.C. The author works for overseas students.D. The three friends still keep in touch.Passage TwoHow often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities. If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved. It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child —things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known. But a child has his pains:He is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong. Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from discipline of school and parents; but at the same time he is forced to accept responsibilities. With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble. If, however, he works hard,goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be; but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy. With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life; they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them; and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, fell the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.66.The happiest people should be those who ______.A. Face up to difficulties in lifeB. Hope to be young againC. Enjoy life in different ageD. Wish to be grown up67.The word “they”underlined in Line 5, para. 2 refers to ____.A. Older peopleB. New thingsC. ChildrenD. Interests68. A child has his pains because____. .A. He can not do whatever he wants toB. He is not allowed to play in rainC. He has a lot of new things to learnD. He can not play at the seaside freely69.When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to ____.A.live comfortablyB. Take responsibilitiesC. Make progress in jobD. Impress the society70.The best title of the passage might be ____.A. Pains and AgesB. Differences in AgesC. The Best Age to BeD. Happiness and AgesPassage ThreeLife really should be one long journey of joy for children who are born with a world of wealth at their tiny feet.But experts on psychological research now believe that silver spoons can leave a bitter taste. If suicide statistics are a sign of happiness, then the rich are a miserable lot. Figures show that it is the rich who most often do away with themselves.Dr. Robert Coles, an internationally famous doctor, is the world’s top expert on the influence of money on children. He has written a well-received book on the subject, The Privileged Ones, and his research shows that too much money in the family can cause as many problems as too little. Obviously there are certain advantages to being rich,” says the 53-year-old doctor, such as better health, education and future work expectation. But most important is the quality of family life. Money can’t buy love.”It can buy a lot of other things, though, and that’s where the trouble starts. Rich kids have so much to choose from that they often become confused. Their parents’over favoring can make them spoiled. They tend to travel more than other children, from home to home and country to country, which often makes them feel restless.“But privileged children do have a better sense of their positions in the world,” adds Mr. Coles, “and they are more self-assured.”Today’s rich parents perhaps have realized that their riches can be more of a burden than a favor to their children. So their priority is to ensure that their families are as rich in love as they are in money.71. According to the passage, children of rich families __________.A. enjoy travelingB. can buy loveC. usually commit suicideD. are not always happy72. Dr. Robert Coles believes that __________.A. being rich has as many advantages as being poorB. rich children often get too little entertainmentC. rich children sometimes can"t enjoy the thing they are most in need ofD. rich children aren"t given enough things73. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. It is love that is always lacking in rich and poor families alike.B. Silver spoons can sometimes leave a bitter taste.C. Money can"t buy everything.D. Rich children are often confused because they have so much to choose from.74. The expression “silver spoons” in Paragraph 1 means __________.A. very expensive spoonsB. rich peopleC. wealthD. spoons made of silver75. This article is written mainly to tell readers that __________.A. the rich are more likely to do away with themselvesB. money can bring a lot of things, including loveC. life is always happy for children of rich parentsD. rich parents should realize what is important in the family is love rather thanmoneyPassage FourCharlene, a 16-year-old student at a high school, found herself faced with a maths test to which she knew none of th e answers. Rather than fail, she took the test out with her and filled in the answers with the help of her friends. Duri ng a break, she got back into the classroom without being seen, crumpled the test with her shoe, and left it lying on the floor. The teacher thought it had been dropped when the tests were collected; she corrected it, and Charlene rece ived a B.Cheating is, of course, nothing new. But today, educators are finding that cheating on the part of students has beco me more frequent than in the past. Whether it is copying a friend's homework, using a prepared sheet on an exam, s tealing advance copies of a final, writing down rules in one's hand, or paying someone else to write a term paper, ch eating appears to have gained acceptance among a growing number of students between 13 and 19.In a 1978 study of cheating at twenty-two high schools in Georgia, it was found that cheating was common among good and poor students alike——although both boys and girls said they thought boys cheated more.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame cheating on a general loss of good values a mong today's youth. They point to facts showing increased damage of public things and school stealing and think th at reports, such as Watergate have disappointed youth about the honesty of people in higher positions.Others think that today's youth are far more practical than their forefathers. In the late sixties and early seventies, st udents were filled with imaginations about changing the world, but today's students feel great stress to succeed.76. According to Paragraph 1, Charlene took the test out because ____.A. her friends could answer none of the problemsB. she tore the test paper to piecesC. she stepped her shoes on the test paperD. she did not want to fail in the math test77. Charlene passed the test because ____.A. she answered all the questions by herselfB. she did the test by cheatingC. she persuaded her teacher to give her a BD. she returned to the classroom to redo the test78. Which of the following is not an example to show that cheating is becoming more and more common?A. A student pays another for doing a test paper.B. A student writes down something to be tested before an exam.C. A student gets well prepared in his studies before an exam.D. A student gets homework from his classmate and then copies it.79. The 1978 study of cheating in Georgia shows that ____.A. only students in the 24 high schools cheated in examinationsB. both good and poor students cheated in examinationsC. boys liked cheating while girls did not like itD. more girls cheated in examinations than boys did80. One of the facts for the rise of cheating is that ____.A. more and more public things are damagedB. good values disappoint studentsC. more and more students begin to stealD. honest people are in higher positionsPart ⅣTranslation (2×10 points)Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Please translate sentences 8185 from Chinese into English, and translate sentences 8690 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.81.这个漂亮干净的城市给外国旅游者留下了深刻的印象。
2015年河南省专升本(心理学)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年河南省专升本（心理学）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 单项选择题 3. 填空题 5. 简答题7. 论述题8. 案例分析题单项选择题1．下列选项不属于个性心理的是( )A．气质B．性格C．认知D．能力正确答案：C解析：个性心理包括个性倾向性和个性心理特征，个性倾向性包括需要、动机、信念、理想、价值观、世界观；个性心理特征包括能力、性格、气质。
2．兴起于20世纪50年代，主要运用信息加工的观点来研究人的认知活动的心理学流派是( )A．机能主义B．行为主义C．精神分析学派D．认知学派正确答案：D解析：以信息加工观点研究认知过程是现代认知心理学的主流，可以说认知心理学相当于信息加心理学，机能主义强调意识的作用和功能，认为意识的功能是使有机体适应环境。
行为主义认为心理学要研究可以观察的行为。
精神分析学派重视对异常行为的分析，并且强调心理学应该研究无意识现象。
3．两个人看见桌子上的半瓶水，一个人说：“只有半瓶了!”另一个人说：“还有半瓶呢!”这说明了心理对客观现实的反映具有( )A．主观性B．客观性C．被动性D．真实性正确答案：A解析：题干中的两个人看到同样的半瓶水有不同的反映，充分体现了心理是人脑对客观现实的主观反映，即主观性。
4．下列选项中属于第二信号系统活动的是( )A．望梅生津B．谈虎色变C．防御反射D．乐极生悲正确答案：B解析：用语词作为条件刺激而建立的条件反射系统叫作第二信号系统，如“谈虎色变”“谈梅生津”等，是人类特有的。
用具体事物作为条件刺激而建立的条件反射系统叫作第一信号系统，如“望梅生津”，它是人和动物共有的。
5．教师上课时，一边讲授、一边板书，还要观察学生的听课情况，这属于以下哪种注意品质( )A．注意的广度B．注意的稳定性C．注意的转移D．注意的分配正确答案：D解析：注意的分配是指个体在同一时间内对两种或两种以上的刺激进行注意，或将注意分配到不同的活动中。
“教师一边讲授、一边板书，还观察学生的听课情况”充分体现了注意的分配。
2015年专升本教育学、心理学真题
2015年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试教育学部分一、单选题（共20题，20分）1. 西方最早的教育名著是古罗马昆体良的()A、《理想国》B、《论演说家的教育》C、《大教学论》D、《教育漫话》2. 《民主主义与教育》一书的作者是()A、洛克B、杜威C、凯洛夫D、卢梭3. 目前许多国家的（）已由精英教育逐步过渡到大众化甚至普及化阶段。
A、学前教育B、初等教育C、职业教育D、高等教育4. （）在他的《教学与发展》中提出教学应走在发展的前面，从而促进学生发展的观点。
A、赞科夫B、皮亚杰C、布鲁纳D、布卢姆5. 教育的领导权是由（）决定的。
A、政治经济制度B、文化C、科学技术D、人口6. 在教育过程中，学生是()A、教育的客体B、认识的主体C、教育的客体、认识的主体D、以上都不是7. “以人为鉴，可以明得失”体现的德育方法是()A、自我教育法B、实际锻炼法C、说服教育法D、榜样示范法8. “尽量多地要求一个人，也尽可能地尊重一个人”，这体现了()A、正面引导与纪律约束相结合原则B、严格要求与尊重信任相结合原则C、从学生实际出发原则D、知行统一原则9. （）决定教育发展的规模、速度和教育结构。
A、生产关系B、科技C、文化D、生产力发展水平10. （）是现代教学的基本组织形式。
A、小组教学B、道尔顿制C、个别教学D、班级授课制11. “蓬生麻中，不扶而直；白沙在涅，与之俱黑。
”这反映了（）对人发展的影响。
A、遗传B、环境C、主观能动性D、教育12. （）是以学校为本、基于学校的实际状况、为了学校的发展而由学校自主开发的课程。
A、校本课程B、国家课程C、地方课程D、选修课程13. “一两的遗传胜过一吨的教育”所反映的是()A、遗传决定论B、环境决定论C、教育万能论D、教育独立论14. 在教学过程的基本阶段中，被称为中心环节的是()A、引起求知欲B、巩固知识C、感知教材D、理解教材15. 我国第一个以法令形式颁布并在全国范围内正式实行的学制是()A、壬寅学制B、壬戌学制C、壬子癸丑学制D、癸卯学制16. （）是指把受教育者培养成为一定社会所需要的人的总要求。
2015年河南省专升本大学语文真题(带答案)
2015年河南省专升本大学语文真题一、单选题1.“仲尼之徒无道桓、文之事者，是以后世无传焉”，反映了孟子的（）A、民贵君轻的思想B、反对“霸道”的思想C、人性本善的思想D、得道多助的思想2.“诗言志”出自（）A、《尚书》B、《易经》C、《诗经》D、《诗大序》3.下列不属于《诗经》艺术特征的是（）A、重章叠句B、赋、比、兴的手法C、香草美人体D、以四言为主4.“多行不义必自毙”出自（）A、《左传》B、《国语》C、《战国策》D、《春秋》5.《汉书》的体例属于（）A、国别体B、编年体C、纪传体D、纪事本末体6.与《诗经·氓》题材类似的作品是（）A、《上山采蘼芜》B、《孔雀东南飞》C、《陌上桑》D、《悲愤诗》7.建安时期，擅长写四言诗的是（）A、曹操B、曹植C、蔡琰D、曹丕8.下列属于魏晋南北朝小说体式的是（）A、章回小说B、话本小说C、传奇小说D、笔记小说9.被杜甫称为“凌云健笔意纵横”的作家是（）B、庾信C、谢灵运D、江淹10.被近代人王闿运评为“孤篇横绝，竟为大家”的作品是（）A、张若虚《春江花月夜》B、白居易《长恨歌》C、王安石《明妃曲》D、吴伟业《圆圆曲》11.“永州八记”的作者是（）A、韩愈B、柳宗元C、范仲淹D、王安石12.对功名富贵进行反思的作品是（）A 、《虬髯客传》B、《柳毅传》C、《南柯太守传》D、《李娃传》13.“两情若是久长时，又岂在朝朝暮暮”，是哪位作家词作中的句子（）A、柳永B、秦观C、李清照D、姜夔14.“楼船夜雪瓜州渡，铁马秋风大散关”是哪位诗人的名句（）A、范成大B、杨万里C、尤袤D、陆游15.“愿普天下有情人都成了眷属”，出自（）A、《西厢记》B、《牡丹亭》C、《长生殿》D、《桃花扇》16.下列人物的故事以悲剧结束的是（）A、崔莺莺B、杜丽娘C、杜十娘D、赵盼儿17.下列人物属于《婴宁》的是（）A、吴生B、席方平C、聂小倩18.《红楼梦》里，“原来姹紫嫣红开遍，似这般都付与断井颓垣”一段曲词引起了哪位人物的强烈共鸣（）A、迎春B、林黛玉C、史湘云D、香菱19.不属于“京派作家”的是（）A、周作人B、沈从文C、老舍D、张爱玲20.下列不属于朱自清作品的是（）A、《桨声灯影里的秦淮河》B、《荷塘月色》C、《背影》D、《故都的秋》21.借鉴马尔克斯等人魔幻现实主义手法进行创作的当代作家的是（）A、莫言B、余华C、陈忠实D、二月河22.《组织部新来的年轻人》是哪位作家的作品（）A、迟子建B、余秋雨C、王蒙D、王小波23.舒婷的《致橡树》被视为当代（）A、哲理诗的代表作B 、朦胧诗的代表作C、格律诗的代表作D、浪漫诗的代表作24.下列作品属于莎士比亚喜剧的是（）A、《李尔王》B、《哈姆雷特》C、《威尼斯商人》D、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》25.格里高尔是哪部作品中的人物（）A、《城堡》B、《变形记》C、《巴黎圣母院》D、《百年孤独》二、填空题26.子曰：《》，乐而不淫，哀而不伤。
2015年河南专升本考试《英语》真题及详解
《英语》真题
(总分 100, 考试时间 90 分钟) 1. Vocabulary and Structure 1. Both the blue pink and the blue dresses are pretty but I like the______better. A earlier B beginner C former D first 答案:C 解析：由语境可知，此处是两种裙子的比较，选项中只有 the former(前者)符合语境，代替前面的 the blue pink dress。earlier：更早，早前；beginner：初学者，新手；former: 前者；first：第一。根据句意可知，选 C。 2. He made a ______ to let all children learn English, but he soon found it impossible without an online course. A confinement B commitment C conception D commission 答案:B 解析：make a commitment 为固定搭配，意为"承诺，做出承诺"。 3. The people living in these apartments have free______to that swimming pool. A access B excess C excursion D recreation 答案:A 解析：access：接近的机会，使用的权利，have access to：有权使用；excess：过量，过分；excursion：远足， 游览；recreation：消遣，娱乐。根据句意可知，选 A。 4. He______the old man with 10 pounds for bringing back the lost dog. A rewarded B prized C gave D paid 答案:A 解析：reward：酬谢，奖赏；prize：珍视，珍爱；give：给予，give sb．sth．(给某人某物)不可加 with；pay：支 付，偿还。根据句意，选 A。reward sb．with sth．意为"以某物奖赏某人"。 5. He said he would never be intimidated ______what he didn't like by big names. A do B to do C did D into doing 答案:D 解析：常用搭配 intimidate sb．into doing sth．意为"恐吓某人做某事"，此处为它的被动形式。 6. I'm sorry to have______you with so many questions on such an occasion. A interfered B offended C impressed
河南省专升本考试教育理论真题2015年
河南省专升本考试教育理论真题2015年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、教育学、心理学选择题(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.西方最早的教育名著是古罗马昆体良的______（分数：1.00）A.《理想国》B.《论演说家的教育》√C.《大教学论》D.《教育漫话》解析：2.《民主主义与教育》一书的作者是______（分数：1.00）A.洛克B.杜威√C.凯洛夫D.卢梭解析：3.目前许多国家的______已由精英教育逐步过渡到大众化甚至普及化阶段。
（分数：1.00）A.学前教育B.初等教育C.职业教育D.高等教育√解析：4.______在他的《教学与发展》中提出教学应走在发展的前面，从而促进学生发展的观点。
（分数：1.00）A.赞科夫√B.皮亚杰C.布鲁纳D.布卢姆解析：5.教育的领导权是由______决定的。
（分数：1.00）A.政治、经济制度√B.文化C.科学技术D.人口解析：6.在教育过程中，学生是______（分数：1.00）A.教育的客体B.认识的主体C.教育的客体、认识的主体√D.以上都不是解析：7.“以人为鉴，可以知得失”体现的德育方法是______（分数：1.00）A.自我教育法B.实际锻炼法C.说服教育法D.榜样示范法√解析：8.“尽量多地要求一个人，也尽可能地尊重一个人”，这体现了______（分数：1.00）A.正面引导与纪律约束相结合原则B.严格要求与尊重信任相结合原则√C.从学生实际出发原则D.知行统一原则解析：9.______决定教育发展的规模、速度和教育结构。
（分数：1.00）A.生产关系B.科技C.文化D.生产力发展水平√解析：10.______是现代教学的基本组织形式。
（分数：1.00）A.小组教学B.道尔顿制C.个别教学D.班级授课制√解析：11.“蓬生麻中，不扶而直；白沙在涅，与之俱黑。
”这反映了______对人发展的影响。
（分数：1.00）A.遗传B.环境√C.主观能动性D.教育解析：12.______是以学校为本、基于学校的实际状况、为了学校的发展而由学校自主开发的课程。
2015年河南省专升本(法学基础)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年河南省专升本（法学基础）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 填空题 3. 判断题 4. 名词解释 5. 简答题 6. 案例分析题单项选择题1．下列哪种情况属于法律关系的范畴( )A．无行为能力人与完全行为能力人之间的法律权利义务关系B．某研究会章程所规定的权利义务关系C．甲某因赌博欠乙某5万元的债权债务关系D．未婚男女同居关系正确答案：A解析：法律关系是指在法律规范调整一定社会关系的过程中所形成的人们之间的权利义务关系。
它是法律规范调整一定社会关系的结果，是一种合法的社会关系。
2．根据法律的创制和表达的形式，可将法分为( )A．一般法和特别法B．成文法和不成文法C．根本法和普通法D．自然法和实在法正确答案：B解析：成文法和不成文法是按照法的创制方式和表达形式为标准对法进行的分类。
实体法和程序法是按照法律规定内容的不同为标准对法的分类。
根本法和普通法是根据法律的地位、效力、内容和制定主体、程序的不同为标准而对法的分类。
一般法和特别法是按照法的适用范围的不同对法所作的分类。
国内法和国际法是以法的创制主体和适用主体的不同而作的分类。
3．居民委员会由市辖区、不设区的市人民政府，根据居民居住状况，以便于居民自治为原则决定设立：街道办事处经上级人民政府批准设立，作为人民政府的派出机关。
关于街道办事处和居民委员会的关系，下列哪一选项正确( ) A．都是由政府批准设立的国家机关B．具有隶属关系C．领导与被领导关系D．指导与被指导关系正确答案：D解析：街道办事处有责任指导、支持和帮助社区居委会工作，社区居委会也有义务协助政府工作，并虚心接受街道办事处的指导一《城市街道办事处组织条例》规定，指导居委会的工作是街道办事处的三个任务之一。
4．我国现行宪法规定，有权解释宪法的国家机关是( )A．全国人大常委会B．最高人民检察院C．最高人民法院D．国务院正确答案：A解析：《宪法》第67第1款规定：全国人民代表大会常务委员会行使下列职权：解释宪法，监督宪法的实施。
2015年专升本(教育理论)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2015年专升本（教育理论）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 教育学部分 2. 心理学部分选择题本大题共12小题，每小题2分。
在每小题所给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．对教育学研究对象的科学表述是( )A．研究教育事件与教育经验，探索教育理念B．研究教育方针与教育政策，制定教育法规C．研究教育现象与教育问题，揭示教育规律D．研究德育案例与教学案例，总结教育经验正确答案：C解析：教育学是研究教育现象和教育问题，揭示教育规律的一门科学。
2．近代教育史上，高度评价教育对社会、对人发展的作用，并把教师誉为“太阳底下最光辉职业”的教育家是( )A．夸美纽斯B．洛克C．赫尔巴特D．杜威正确答案：A解析：夸美纽斯把教师誉为“太阳底下最光辉的职业”。
3．我国古代教育家提出的“因材施教”“循序渐进”等教育原则，对于当今教育仍然适用，它并未随着社会生产方式的变化而改变。
这说明教育具有( )A．历史性B．社会性C．个体差异性D．相对独立性正确答案：D解析：教育要受社会生产方式的制约，但是教育作为培养人的社会活动，又具有自己的相对独立性。
这种相对独立性可体现在教育具有自身的继承关系，任何一种教育，尽管受当时的社会所制约，但同时又是从以往教育发展而来的，都与以往教育有着渊源关系。
4．当前我国教育方针中明确规定的教育目的是( )A．培养有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者B．培养又红又专的社会主义建设者C．培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的“四有”新人D．培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人正确答案：D解析：我国社会主义教育目的的基本点：培养社会主义事业的建设者和接班人；使学生德、智、体等方面全面发展；教育与生产劳动相结合。
5．我国1922年颁布、以美国学制为蓝本，一直沿用至新中国成立初期的学制是( )A．壬寅学制B．癸卯学制C．壬戌学制D．壬子癸丑学制正确答案：C解析：1922年，在当时北洋军阀统治下，留美派主持的全国教育联合会以美国学制为蓝本，颁布了“壬戌学制”，又称新学制或六三三学制。
2015年成人高考专升本教育理论真题及答案 .doc
2015年成人高考专升本教育理论真题及答案2015年成人高考专升本教育理论真题及答案>>点击查看试题及答案一、选择题：1—12小题，每小题2分，共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．对教育学研究对象的科学表述是A．研究教育事件与教育经验，探索教育理念B．研究教育方针与教育政策，制定教育法规C．研究教育现象与教育问题，揭示教育规律D．研究德育案例与教学案例，总结教育经验2．近代教育史上，高度评价教育对社会、对人发展的作用，并把教师誉为“太阳底下最光辉职业”的教育家是A．夸美纽斯 B．洛克 C．赫尔巴特 D．杜威3．我国古代教育家提出的“因材施教”“循序渐进”等教育原则，对于当今教育仍然适用，它并未随着社会生产方式的变化而改变。
这说明教育具有A．历史性 B．社会性 C．个体差异性 D．相对独立性4．当前我国教育方针中明确规定的教育目的是A．培养有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者B．培养又红又专的社会主义建设者C．培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的“四有”新人D．培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人5．我国1922年颁布、以美国学制为蓝本，一直沿用至新中国成立初期的学制是A．壬寅学制 B．癸卯学制 C．壬戌学制 D．壬子癸丑学制6．教师劳动的对象是千差万别、活生生的个体，对他们的教育没有固定不变的模式。
这体现了教师劳动的哪一特点?A．长期性与间接性 B．复杂性与创造性C．主体性与示范性 D．连续性与广延性7．编写教科书的直接依据是A．课程目标 B．课程计划 C．课程标准 D．课程类型8．我国新一轮基础教育课程改革中提出的“三维”课程目标是A．知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观B．知识与技能、理念与实践、理想信念与价值观C．知识与技能、创新与实践、情感态度与科学观D．知识与技能、理解与运用、人生观与价值观9．魏老师在课堂教学中，要求学生运用学具，通过拨动钟面上的时针、分针和秒针来认识时间。
2015年河南专升本英语真题及答案
2015年河南专升本英语真题及答案2015年河南专升本英语真题及答案2015年河南专升本英语考试真题Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1x 40)Directions:There are 40incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Both the blue pink and the blue dresses are pretty but I like the _____better.A.earlierB.beginnerC.formerD. first2. He made a _____tolet all children learn English, but he soon found it impossible without an online course.A. confinementB. commitmentC. conceptionD. commission 3. The people living in these apartments have free ______tothat swimming pool.A.accessB. excessC. excursionD. recreation4. He_____the old man with 10pounds for bringing back the lost dog.A.rewardB. prizedC. gaveD. Paid5. He said would never be intimidated what he didn't like by big names.A. DoB.to doC.didD. into doing6. I ’ m sorry to have_____you with so many questions on such an occasion.A. interferedB. offendedC. impressedD. disturbed7.I only work _____weekdays,not______weekends.A. on... onB. At...atC.on...atD.at...on8.She grabbed the soap and washed______.A. thoroughlyB. thoroughC.althoughD. though9. piano is a popular_____.A.machineB.instrumentC.equipmentD.tool10. We are all______at the way her husband treated her.A.disgustingB.disgustedC.disgustulD. disgust11. There are many proverbs in Chinese_______,there are also many proverbs in English. A. meanwhile B. Similarly uallyD.typically12. Many youngsters_____pop songs to old songs. They think pop singers are very cool. A.suppose B. prefer C.suggest D. expect13. The engineer tried to _____theproblem with several drawing.A. RecognizeB. impressC. IllustrateD. identify14. She_____to book a seat on the next flightA. pushedB. drewC. rushedD. Stroke15. His favorite_____is playing drums.A. pastimeB. actionC. habitD. moment16. _______weather may be too hot to the tourists.A.soB.suchC.whatD.which17.He_____yesterday morning, and would stay for three days.A. checked upB. checked onC. checked outD. checked in18.There is absolutely no need to_______.We will return to the airport very soon.A. panicB. terrorC. frightD.rage19. I'd like to ______myparents' greetings to you and vour familyA. confrontB. displayC. consultD.convey20. The new look of the city has ______a deep impression on those foreign visitors.A. leftB. KeptC. markedD. remained21. It is______impossible to work with this noise around.A. especiallyB. absolutelyC. unreasonablyD. unusually22. A______person is extremely thin, in a way that you find unattractive.A. lonelyB. meanC. braveD. skinny23.Why is it____the more connected we get, the more disconnectedI feel?A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which24. I was now in a relaxed mood and had no desire____the man make a fool of himself. A. see B. to see C. seeing D.seen25. Why_____me to do it_____you can do it yourself?A. asking;thoughB.ask;whenC. to ask; sinceD. asked;while 26. I was too______to ask him for help.A. embarrassedB. embarrassingC.thrilledD.thrilling27. Over-working can be a______the whole town.A.taskB.burdenC.botherD.weight28. The first soon______the whole town.A. spread throughB. spread downC. spread overD. spread out29. The accident in which two people were seriouslyinjured_____careless driving.A. inB.fromC.onD.of30. Law school doesn't ______asmany years as medical school does.A.takeB.costC. spendD.pay31. ______opposing views, our boss declared that the company would enter the furniture market.A.despite ofB. althoughC.ThoughD.in spite of32. People_____believe that the sun went around the earth.A. wouldB. be used toC.willed to33. When J saw the expression on his face, I realized he is______agreementwith me.A. inB. forC.toD.on34. She didn't went to go to Africa:probably_____the whether is too hot.A.forB. becauseC. sinceD. as35. She is very_____to his ugly appearanceA. SensibleB. sensitiveC. SenseD. Sentimental 36. It was only a _____injury;not all that serious.A. slightB. specialC. SimilarD. Substantial37. They were_____white.A. dressedB.put onC. dressed upD. dressed in38. My children are looking forward to______a trip to Paris.A. makeB. makingC. be makingD. have made39. _____hetried to explain any new idea, he just couldn't make himself understood.A. whoeverB. whateverC. whereverD. whenever40. Because they are______a date, many of us believe that they are in love.A. inB. onC. outD. atPart ⅡCloze (1x 20)Directions:There are 20blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet .People ’ s attitude 41gift-giving may 42from country to country ,43the desire to convey a feeling of friendship is universal. Here is an example to 44the differences.Japan is a _45_country , . It is not _46_inJapan to offer a gift to a person who is _47_or has been helpful. When people do that, the gifts _48_be substantial and expensive. _49_,at least in the typical Japanese style, it is not _50_to attach a thank-you note or card to the gift. Japanese people may express their _51_and friendship directly through the gift they have _52_andgiven to the person they love and respect.In _53_,you are likely to get more cards_54_gifts in the United States. A card may come with a small gift or no gift at all. In general, American people don' t_55_very much whether the gift is expensive or not. As a matter of _56_,yourgift to them would be_57_all whether the gift is expensive or not. As a matter of_56_,yourgift to them would be _57_all the more if you made it yourself _58_buyingit from a store. And the words on the card seem to be the most important thing. _59_someone does not havea card on hand , , he or she would write you a thank-you note on a piece of paper, give it to you _60_or put it in your pigeon hole.41. A. Towards B. In C. On D. Of42. A. Differ B. Change C. Vary D. Become43. A. If B. Even though C. So D. Thus44. A. Argue B. Prove C. Against D. illustrate45. A. Gift give B. Gift-giving C. Give receive D. Gift-receiving 46. A. Unusual B. Common C. Unique D. Extraordinary 47. A. Coming B. Going C. Leaving D. Staying48. A. Is likely to B. Tend to C. Turn to D. Like to49. A. However B. Despite C. But D. Thus50. A. Ordered B. Demanded C. Required D. Suggested51. A. Purposes B. Sympathy C. Apologies D. Gratitude52. A. Select B. Selecting C. Chosen D. Choose53. A. Comparison B. Contrast C. Contract D. Contrary54. A. As B. Than C. To D. Then55. A. Care for B.care about C. Care D. Care to56. A. Truth B. Finding C. Fact D. Case57. A. Appreciated B. Regarded C. Received D. Supposed58. A. Instead of B. When C. Instead D. Despite of59. A. Whether B. Since C. As D. When60. A. In person B. In man C. By person D. For personPar tⅢReading Comprehension (2x 20)Directions:There are 4passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet.Passage OneWhen I was studying English at a training center in Washington D.C. in 1998, , I shared a house with two young Americans, Jim, and Steve. Jim was studying French and Steve Chinese, both at the Foreign Service Institute. We shared many things in common, but we also thought and acted quite differently. Steve was interested in speaking Chinese. He always tried every opportunity to talk with me with his very English-like pronunciation. I was often touched with his diligence. However, I wanted to practice English with him, too. So we often speak at the same time in the other 's mother tongue. Jim was fresh from college and the youngest of the three. He was going out all the time. The only time we met was at breakfast. There was a small round table in our kitchen, where we sat around to enjoy our food. Steve had Chinese fast food such as dumplings or noodles, and I ate bread and boiled eggs. But Jimoften just drank a cup of tea because he had nothing in his bridge. He was too busy dating pretty French girls to do any shopping. I often offered him some of my food. But Steve told me in his poor Chinese that I didn' t need to do that. He said that it was Jim' s own fault and that it served him right. Although he was learning Chinese, he still held his American sense of value.Two years later, I returned to china. The three of us still keep in touch. Jim now works in a travel agency in Paris. He got married to one of the pretty girls. He wrote to tell us that now he can enjoy a delicious breakfast with his beautiful wife every morning in their comfortable living room. Steve wants to work in china. And V m helping him with this. I have introduced him to the dean of the Overseas Section of our university. He is very interested in Steve. He wants to know if Steve can work here teaching the overseas students Chinese. I have sent the message to Steve. I' m sur e he ’ d be very happy to accept the job. However, I hope he could try harder to improve himself. Othervise, all the overseas students would speak with his terrible pronunciation!61. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The three of them were all language majors.B. Steve and Jim were more alike in character.C. The author didn' t enjoy talking with Steve.D. Their living condition was rather poor.62. What is the author,s opinion of Steve?A. Steve was a very hardworking fellow.B. Steve enjoyed cooking Chinese food.C. Steve enjoyed shopping more than Jim.D. Steve' s Chinese accent was quite pure.63. Which of the following is true about Jim?A. Going out with girls cost him a lot of time.B. He had a French way of making friends.C. He learned French in order to date Paris girls.D. He liked doing housework.64. What does the last sentence of the first paragraph impliesthat___?A. Steve didn't like offering help to others.B. American people only eat their own food.C. Americans and Chinese differ in their sense of value.D. Steve wanted Jim to do his own shopping.65. From the last paragraph, we can learn that_____.A. Jim is a very good husband.B. Steve enjoys teaching Chinese.C. The author works for overseas students.D. The three friends still keep in touch.Passage TwoHow often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains , , and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets. Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities. If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved. It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child — things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known. But a child has his pains:Heis not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong. Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from discipline of school and parents; but at the same time he is forced to accept responsibilities. With no one to pay for his food his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble. If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be; but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy. With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life; they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them; and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, fell the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.66. The happiest people should be those who______.A. Face up to difficulties in lifeB. Hope to be young againC. Enjoy life in different ageD. Wish to be grown up67. The word “ they ” underlined in Line 5, para. 2refers to_____A. Older peopleB. New thingsC. ChildrenD. Interests68. A child has his pains because______.A. He can not do whatever he wants toB. He is not allowed to play in rainC. He has a lot of new things to learnD. He can not play at the seaside freely69. When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to_____.A.live comfortablyB. Take responsibilitiesC. Make progress in jobD. Impress the society70. The best title of the passage might be_____.A. Pains and AgesB. Differences in AgesC. The Best Age to BeD. Happiness and AgesPassage ThreeLife really should be one long journey of joy for children who are bora with a world of wealth at their tiny feet.But experts on psychological research now believe that silver spoons can leave a bitter taste. If suicide statistics are a sign of happiness, then the rich are a miserable lot. Figures show that it is the rich who most often do away with themselves.Dr. Robert Coles, an internationally famous doctor, is the world's top expert on the influence of money on children. He has wriTitten a well-received book on the subject, The Privileged Ones, and his research shows that too much money in the family can cause as many problems as too little. Obviously there are certain advantages to being rich , ," says the 53-year-old doctor, such as better health, education and future work expectation. But most important is the quality of family-life. Money can't buy love."It can buy a lot of other things, though, and that's where the trouble starts. Rich kids have so much to choose from that they often become confused. Their parents'over favoring can make them spoiled. They tend to travel more than other children, from home to home and country to country, which often makes them feel restless."But privileged children do have a better sense of their positions in the world ; ." adds Mr. Coles, "and they are more self-assured." Today's rich parents perhaps have realized that their riches can be more of a burden than a favor to their children. So their priority is to ensure that their families are as rich in love as they are in money.71. According to the passage, children of rich families ______.A.enjoy travelingB. can buy loveC. usually commit suicideD. are not always happy72. Dr. Robert Coles believes that______.A. being rich has as many advantages as being poorB. rich children often get too little entertainmentC. rich children sometimes can't enjoy the thing they are most in need ofD. rich children aren't given enough things73. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. It is love that is always lacking in rich and poor families alike.B. Silver spoons can sometimes leave a bitter taste.C. Money can't buy everything.D. Rich children are often confused because they have so much to choose from.74. The expression “ silver spoons ” in Paragraph 1means_____.A. very expensive spoonsB. rich peopleC. wealthD. spoons made of silver75. This article is written mainly to tell readers that .A. the rich are more likely to do away with themselvesB. money can bring a lot of things, including loveC. life is always happy for children of rich parentsD. rich parents should realize what is important in the family is love rather than moneyPassage FourCharlene, a 16-year-old student at a high school, found herself faced with a maths test to which she knew none of the answers. Rather than fail, she took the test out with her and filled in the answer s with the help of her friends. During a break, she got back into the classroom without being seen, crumpled the test with her shoe, and left it lying on the floor. The teacher thought it had been drop ped when the tests were collected; she corrected it, and Charlene received a B. Cheating is, of course, nothing new. But today,educators are finding that cheating on the part of students has become more frequent than in the past. Whether it is copying a friend's homework, using a prepared sheet on an exam, stealing ad vance copies of a final, writing down rules in one ’ s hand, or paying someone else to write a term paper, cheating appears to have gained acceptance among a growing number of students between 13and 19. In a 1978study of cheating at twenty-two high schools in Georgia, it was found that cheating was common among good and poor students alike —although both boys and girls said they thought boys cheated more. Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame cheating on a general loss of good values among today's youth. They point to facts showing increased damage of public thin gs and school stealing and think that reports, such as Watergate have disappointed youth about the honesty of people in higher positions.Others think that today's youth are far more practical than their forefathers. In the late sixties and e arly seventies, students were filled with imaginations about changing the world, but today's students feel great stress to succeed.76. According to Paragraph 1, Charlene took the test out because_____.。
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2015年普通高等学校专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试试题教育学、心理学一、选择题（教育学1～20，心理学21～40。
每小题1分，共40分)在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
1.西方最早的教育名著是古罗马昆体良的 ( )A.《理想国》B.《论演说家的教育》C.《大教学论》D.《教育漫话》2.《民主主义与教育》一书的作者是 ( )A.洛克B.杜威C.凯洛夫D.卢梭3.目前许多国家的________已由精英教育逐步过渡到大众化甚至普及化阶段。
( )A.学前教育B.初等教育C.职业教育D.高等教育4. ________在他的《教学与发展》中提出教学应走在发展的前面，从而促进学生发展的观点。
( )A.赞料夫B.皮亚杰C.布鲁纳D.布卢姆5.教育的领导权是由________决定的。
( )A.政治、经济制度B.文化C.科学技术D.人口6.在教育过程中，学生是 ( )A.教育的客体B.认识的主体C.教育的客体、认识的主体D.上都不是7.“以人为鉴，可以知得失”体现的德育方法是 ( )A.自我教育法B.实际锻炼法C.说服教育法D.榜样示范法8.“尽量多地要求一个人，也尽可能地尊重一个人”，这体现了 ( )A.正面引导与纪律约束相结合原则B.严格要求与尊重信任相结合原则C.从学生实际出发原则D.知行统一原则9. ________决定教育发展的规模、速度和教育结构。
( )A.生产关系B.科技C.文化D.生产力发展水平10. ________是现代教学的基本组织形式。
( )A.小组教学B.道尔顿制C.个别教学D.班级授课制11.“蓬生麻中，不扶而直，白沙在涅，与之俱黑。
”这反映了________对人发展的影响。
( )A.遗传B.环境C.主观能动性D.教育12. ________是以学校为本、基于学校的实际状况、为了学校的发展而由学校自主开发的课程。
( )A.校本课程B.国家课程C.地方课程D.选修课程13.“一两的遗传胜过一吨的教育”所反映的是 ( )A.遗传决定论B.环境决定论C.教育万能论D.教育独立论14.在教学过程的基本阶段中，被称为中心环节的是 ( )A.引起求知欲B.巩固知识C.感知教材D.理解教材15.我国第一个以法令形式颁布并在全国范围内正式实行的学制是 ( )A.壬寅学制B.壬戌学制C.壬子癸丑学制D.癸卯学制16. ________是指把受教育者培养成为一定社会需要的人的总要求。
( )A.教盲目的B.课程目标C.教学目标D.培养目标17.我国古代的“六艺”“四书五经”，古罗马的“七艺”，都可以说是最早的 ( )A.学科课程B.活动课程C.综合课程D.核心课程18.在教育过程中，教师对突发事件做出迅速、恰当的处理被称为教育机智。
这反映了教师劳动的________特点。
( )A.复杂性B.能动性C.示范性D.创造性19.“相观而善，相互切磋”体现了教学中要注意运用 ( )A.参观法B.发现法C.讲演法D.讨论法20．小东私拿水果摊上的一个苹果，经同学报告，被老师叫到了办公室。
老师问道：“小东，你私拿别人的东西，这已经是第几次了？”小东低着头回答：“第五次了。
”“你为什么不改呢？”“我、我也晓得不对，就是、就是有时忍不住。
”教师应从_______入手对小东进行教育。
A.道德认识B.道德情感C.道德意志D.道德行为21.下列选项不属于个性心理的是 ( )A.气质B.性格C.认知D.能力22.兴起于20世纪50年代，主要运用信息加工的观点来研究人的认知活动的心理学流派是 ( )A.机能主义B.行为主义C.精神分析学派D.认知学派23.两个人看见桌子上的半瓶水，一个人说：“只有半瓶了！”另一个人说“还右半瓶呢！”这说明了心理对客观现实的反映具有 ( )A.主观性B.客观性C.被动性D.真实性24.下列选项中属于第二信号系统活动的是 ( )A.望梅止渴B.谈虎色变C.防御反射D.乐极生悲25.教师上课时，一边讲授一边板书，还要观察学生的听课情况，这属于以下哪种注意品质 ( )A.注意的广度B.注意的稳定性C.注意的转移D.注意的分配26.“以手代目”，盲人通过触压觉阅读盲文属于 ( )A.感觉对比B.感觉的补偿C.感觉适应D.错觉27.教师在板书生字时，常把形近字的相同部分与相异部分分别用白色和红色粉笔写出来，这利用了知觉的哪种规律 ( )A.理解性B.恒常性C.整体性D.选择性28.在记忆中，后学习的材料会对先学习的材料造成干扰，这种现象属于 ( )A.衰退B.前摄抑制C.倒摄抑制D.近因效应29.“一题多解”的教学方式主要用于训练学生的哪一种思维 ( )A.形象思维B.发散思维C.动作思维D.集中思维30.学生在读到《望庐山瀑布》这首古诗时，脑海中浮现诗句中所描绘的相关景象，这种心理活动属于 ( )A.无意想象B.幻想C.再造想象D.创造想象31.李老师正讲课时，迟到的小明突然推门而入，同学们不约而同地把目光投向了他，这种现象属于 ( )A.无意识记B.有意识记C.无意注意D.有意注意32.郁闷时的倾诉、痛苦时的哭泣以及剧烈的体育运动等负性情绪的发泄属于( )A.合理宣泄B.认知调控C.想象放松D.肌肉放松33.《红楼梦》中林黛玉“见花落泪，见月伤心”，其情绪状态属于 ( )A.心境B.激情C.应教D.热情34.小明花了10分钟时间背会了《静夜思》这首诗，接着又继续读了5分钟，这种知识保持方法属于 ( )A.及时复习B.分散复习C.平时复习D.适当过度学习35.精力旺盛、表里如一、刚强、易感情用事，属于以下哪种气质类型 ( )A.胆汁质B.多血质C.黏液质D.抑郁质36.人们通常认为“北方人开朗、豪放，南方人含蓄、细腻”，这属于 ( )A.首因效应B.刻板效应C.晕轮效应D.近因效应37.小华同学热爱学习，关心同学，助人为乐，组织班级同学认真学习，这些品质属于性格中的何种特征 ( )A.态度B.理智C.意志D.情绪38.心理学的研究已初步证明，人类一切行为的动力都起源于 ( )A.动机B.愿望C.需要D.创造39.梦是在睡眠状态下产生的正常心理现象，它属于 ( )A.有意想象B.无意想象C.再造想象D.创造想象40.“勤能补拙”“笨鸟先飞”充分说明了____对智力的补偿作用。
( )A.性格B.气质C.能力D.动机教育学部分二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）41.德国教育家赫尔巴特的代表作是《____________》。
42.教育在人的身心发展中起____________作用。
43.教学过程是一种特殊的____________过程。
44.教师的根本任务是____________。
45.狭义的教育是指____________ 。
46.教学中最常用的教学方法是____________47.史料记载最早的学校出现在古代的____________社会。
48.义务教育的特点有强制性、____________和普及性。
49.历史上，学校教育制度呈现出三种形态：单轨学制、双轨学制和____________学制。
50.教育要适应人身心发展的不均衡性，就要抓住儿童发展的____________。
51.____________课程渗透在学校的自然环境、物质环境、人际环境及观念环境中。
52.夸美纽斯提出____________思想，主张把“一切事物教给一切人”。
53.基础教育课程改革亮点之一是从小学三年级到高中都设置____________，并作为必修课程。
54.之所以要循序渐进地进行教学，是因为人的身心发展具有____________。
55.我国教育目的确立的理论基础是马克思主义关于人的____________学说。
56.____________主要是培养学生正确的审美观点，发展感受美、鉴赏美和创造美的能力，培养高尚情操和文明素质的教育。
57.法国教育家卢梭在其著作《_____________》中，强调教育活动必须尊重儿童的自然本性，其思想后来被称为自然主义教育思想。
58.课程设计由课程计划、课程标准和____________ 三个层次构成。
59.“一年之计，莫如树谷，十年之计，莫如树木，终身之计，莫如树人”，这反映教师劳动的____________特点。
60.1965年，在法国巴黎召开的联合国教科文组织成人教育会议上，法国教育家保罗·郎格朗首次正式提出____________的概念，并论证了相关思想。
三、简答题（共l6分）6l.简述新型师生关系的特点。
（3分）62.简述教育的政治功能。
（4分）63.教师应该具备的道德素养有那些？（4分）64.教学的基本环节有哪些？（5分）四、案例分析题（9分）65.阅读下面的教学片段：教师：为什么说鸡、鸭、猪是动物？学生：因为它们都会叫。
教师：是吗？蚯蚓不会叫，可它也是动物呀！学生：蚯蚓会爬，会爬会走的生物都叫动物。
教师：鱼可不会爬，也不会走，只会在水里游泳；鸟会飞，它们不是动物？学生：是动物，因为它们都会活动，能活动的生物叫动物。
教师：对了，能活动的生物叫动物。
可是飞机会飞，是不是动物呢？学生：飞机自己不会飞，是人开的，它没有生命，是人造的，不是动物。
教师：对了，能自己活动的生物才叫动物。
(l)教学片段中教师的做法符合什么教学原则？(2)在教学中应如何贯彻此教学原则？结合教学片段进行分析。
五、论述题(10分)66.论述发扬积极因素与克服消极因素相结合的德育原则。
心理学部分六、填空题（每空1分，共20分）67.有目的地严格控制和创设一定条件，以引起被试的某种心理现象，从而进行研究的方法是____________。
68.一般情况下，感受性和感觉阈限成____________关系。
60.从心理产生的物质基础看，心理是____________的机能。
70.感知过的事物不在眼前时，人们在头脑中出现的该事物的形象是____________。
71.人们在夜间仔细听一只表的嘀嗒声，会感觉到表的声音一会儿强、一会儿弱，注意的这种周期性变化被称为____________。
72.视觉的适宜刺激是____________。
73.感觉是人脑对直接作用于感觉器官的客观事物____________的反映。
74.在视觉记忆中，外界信息经由感觉器官的登记后可以保持约300毫秒。
这在记忆系统中被称为____________。
75.没有完整的逻辑程序，迅速对问题的答案做出合理的猜测、设想或突然领悟的思维是____________，又称“非逻辑性思维”。
76.许多儿童由于各种原因无法骑马，所以就常把一个小凳子或小椅子当一匹马来骑，过体现了想象的____________功能。
77.“情感共鸣”反映了情感的____________功能。