最新牛津深圳版初一下学期英语知识点总结

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Chapter One Travel

一.课文重点词语与短语

plan 计划 plan to do sth. 计划去做某事

offer 提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.

provide 提供 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth

shop 购物 shop for sth = buy sth

Why not do sth? =Why don’t you do sth 为什么不做…

used to do sth 过去常常做某事

be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事

the same as…和…一样

be famous for sth = be well-know for sth 以…闻名

be famous as 作为…而著名

help sb (to )do sth 帮助某人做某事

help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事

one of + 可数名词复数…之一,其中之一

二.语法:冠词a,an,与the 的用法

★不定冠词a/an的用法主要有:

1.泛指表示"某一个",用于可数名词单数前。如: We need a rent to live in. 2.与可数名词单数连用,表示类别。如:

1) I'm a student.(是学生而不是其他人。)

2) An elephant is much bigger than a tiger.

3.在某些词组中,代替介词per,作“每一”讲。如: twice a day, 5 dollars

a kilo

I play computer games once a week.

注意: a /an 的区别

a 用在辅音开头的单词前:a cat, a useful book

an 用在元音发音的单词前:an English book, an interesting story, an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man…

★定冠词the的用法主要有:

1. 表示特指某人或某物。如:

The notebook on the desk is mine.

Beijing is the capital of China.

2. 表示上文提过的人或事物。如:

There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white. 3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西。如:

the earth, the sun…

4. 用于说话双方都知道的名词前。如:

Let's go for a picnic, shall we?

5. 用在作定语的序数词前。如:

She is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.

6. 用在形容词前表示一类人。如:

the rich, the old, the sick, the deaf…

7. 用在乐器名称前。如:

play the violin(guitar, piano…)

8. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前,表示一家人或夫妇二人。如:

The Whites are on their holiday in Canada.

9. 用在由普通名词构成表示场所的专有名词前。如:

the People's Park, the Golden Gate Bridge

10.在最高级、序数词及next,last,same等词前常用定冠词。如: The last one is the most important one.

★不用冠词的情况(零冠词的用法)主要有:

1. 在物质名词或抽象名词前。如:

Water and air are important to us.

Wisdom is better than strength.

2. 名词前面已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, some,

any等代词的情况下。如:

I want this car, not that car.

There is some water in the cup.

3. 在季节、月份、日期、星期、节日前。如:

There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

School begins on September 1.

March 8th is Women's Day.

特例:1)中国的传统节日要加the。如:the Spring Festival

4. 在一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前。如:

I have breakfast at six in the morning.

They play football every day.

He prefers science to physics.

特例:当表示三餐的名词前有定语修饰时,要加不定冠词。如:

They had a good dinner yesterday.

5. 在学科前不加冠词。如:

I am good at maths and history.

6.在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街道、广场、公园、桥梁等名词前;

国名和地名人名前通常也不加冠词。如:Zhongshan Road, Tian'anmen Square;China,Shenzhen,Tom

7.表示使用某种交通手段时,名词前不用冠词。如:

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