镁铝水滑石阻燃剂表面改性及其机理

樊慧庆等：掺杂三氧化二锑的钛酸铋钠钾陶瓷的显微结构和电学性能· 103 ·第41卷第4期

DOI：10.7521/j.issn.0454–5648.2013.04.00 镁铝水滑石阻燃剂表面改性及其机理

徐圣，曾虹燕，赵策，廖梦尘，杨永杰，张伟，陶静，肖华淼

(湘潭大学化工学院，湖南湘潭 411105)

摘要：采用三聚磷酸钠(STPP)对镁铝水滑石(MAH)进行表面改性。X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、能谱、热重–差热、红外光谱比表积测试和粒度

分析对改性前后的镁铝水滑石进行表征，考察了改性前后镁铝水滑石的吸油性能和润湿性能。结果表明：三聚磷酸根(5

310

P O−)包覆于镁铝水滑石粒子表面，改性后的镁铝水滑石粒子表面疏水性增强，分散性明显提高。将改性前后镁铝水滑石样品与聚丙烯(PP)混合固化，测试其复合材料(MAH/PP、SMAH/PP)阻燃性和力学性能，发现相对于MAH/PP，SMAH/PP复合材料力学性能有所提高，阻燃性能也得以改善。

关键词：镁铝水滑石；阻燃剂；改性；三聚磷酸钠；聚丙烯

中图分类号：TQ132.2，TQ326.9 文献标志号：A 文章编号：0454–5648(2013)04–

网络出版时间：网络出版地址：

Surface Modification of the Mg–Al Hydrotalcite Flame-retardant

XU Sheng，ZENG Hongyan，ZHAO Ce，LIAO Mengchen，YANG Yongjie，ZHANG Wei，TAO Jing，XIAO Huamiao (School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China)

Abstract: The surface modification of Mg–Al hydrytalcite particle (MAH) by sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was carried out. The unmodified and modified MAHs(MAH and SMAH, respectively) were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micros-copy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric-derivative thermogravimetric analysis, specific surface area measurement and particle size analysis, respectively. The oil absorption and wettability of the particles

were investigated. The results show that the surface of the MAH is coated by5

310

P O−in the modification process. The hydrophobic property of the SMAH particles was strengthened, and the congeries dispersibility was improved. The composites (MAH/PP, SMAH/PP) were obtained by mixing MAH and SMAH into Polypropylene (PP), respectively. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed. Compared to the MAH/PP sample, the mechanical properties of the SMAH/PP composite was in-creased, and the flame retardancy was enhanced.

Key words: Mg–Al hydrotalcite; flame retardant; modification; sodium tripolyphosphate; polypropylene

低烟无卤阻燃材料可以避免含卤阻燃材料燃烧时所带来的二次污染，是阻燃材料的发展趋势。当今，开发低烟无卤阻燃剂在世界范围内仍是一个技术难题。作为无机无卤阻燃材料，镁铝水滑石(MAH)兼具Al(OH)3和Mg(OH)2之阻燃优点，并避免它们各自的缺陷，具阻燃、消烟、填充和热稳定性等多种功能，是一种高效、环保、消烟型无毒无卤的新型阻燃剂[1–2]。但MAH粒子表面存在的大量非架桥羟基，使其表面结构不稳定，相互之间极易形成氢键而团聚形成二次粒子，使粒子粒径变大，分散性差，与高分子材料相容性差，严重地影响塑料制品的拉伸强度、伸长率等力学性能[3–5]。

为了改善MAH阻燃剂的性能，提高其阻燃效率，必须对其表面进行改性，以改进MAH粒子的分散性和相容性，增强高分子材料的机械力学等性能。三聚磷酸钠(STPP)是一种链状的缩合磷酸盐，易溶于水，对金属离子有显著的螯合能力，为工业中常用助剂或食品添加剂，是高岭土、氧化镁和碳

收稿日期：2012–09–11。修订日期：2012–10–30。

基金项目：湖南省自科基金重点项目(12JJ2008)；2012年湖南省大学生创新性实验计划资助项目。

第一作者：徐圣(1987—)，男，硕士研究生。

通信作者：曾虹燕(1963—)，博士，教授。Received date:2012–09–11. Revised date: 2012–10–30.

First author: XU Sheng (1987–), male, Master candidate.

E-mail: xutiandasheng@

Correspondent author: ZENG Hongyan (1963–), female, Ph.D., Professor. E-mail: hyzeng@

第41卷第4期2013年4月

硅酸盐学报

JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CERAMIC SOCIETY

Vol. 41，No. 4

April，2013

2013-03-02 09:39/kcms/detail/11.2310.TQ.20130302.0939.016.html