宏观经济学试卷试题包括答案.doc

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宏观经济学试卷(附有答案)

«宏观经济学»期末考试试卷 A 卷姓名：学号：成绩：一、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）1、凯恩斯流动性陷阱2、菲利普斯曲线3、货币政策4、挤出效应5、名义GDP二、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1、在四部门经济中，GDP是指（）的总和。

A.消费、净投资、政府购买和净出口B.消费、总投资、政府购买和净出口C.消费、总投资、政府购买和总出口D.消费、净投资、政府购买和总出口2、关于投资与利率的关系，以下判断正确的是（）。

A.投资是利率的增函数B.投资是利率的减函数C.投资与利率是非相关关系D.以上判断都不正确3、IS曲线与LM曲线相交时表示（）。

A.产品市场处于均衡状态，而货币市场处于非均衡状态B.产品市场处于非均衡状态，而货币市场处于均衡状态C.产品市场与货币市场都处于均衡状态D.产品市场与货币市场都处于非均衡状态4、抑制需求拉上的通货膨胀，应该（）。

A.降低工资B.减税C.控制货币供给量D解除托拉斯组织5、在其他条件不变的情况下，政府购买增加会使IS曲线（）。

A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不变D.发生转动6、一国贸易盈余表示该国（）。

A.消费超过产出并且净出口盈余B.消费超过产出并且净出口赤字C.消费低于产出并且净出口盈余D.消费低于产出并且净出口赤字7、在两部门经济模型中，如果边际消费倾向值为0.8，那么自发支出乘数值应该是（）。

A.4B.2.5C.5D.1.68、如果中央银行采取扩张性的货币政策，可以（）。

A.在公开市场买入债券，以减少商业银行的准备金，促使利率上升B.在公开市场卖出债券，以增加商业银行的准备金，促使利率下跌C.在公开市场买入债券，以增加商业银行的准备金，促使利率下跌D.在公开市场卖出债券，以减少商业银行的准备金，促使利率上升9、已知，C=3000亿元，I=800亿元，G=960亿元，X=200亿元，M=160亿元，折旧=400亿元，则（）不正确。

A.净出口=40亿元B.NDP=4400亿元C. GDP=3800亿元D.GDP=4800亿元10、按百分比计算，如果名义GDP上升（）价格上升的幅度，则实际GDP将（）。

宏观经济学试卷试题题库及答案

宏观经济学试卷试题题库及答案《宏观经济学》试题一一、单项选择题1、宏观经济学的中心理论是（）A、价格决定理论；B、工资决定理论；C、国民收入决定理论；D、汇率决定理论。

2、表示一国在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值的总量指标是（）A、国民生产总值；B、国内生产总值；C、名义国民生产总值；D、实际国民生产总值。

3、GNP核算中的劳务包括（）A、工人劳动；B、农民劳动；C、工程师劳动；D、保险业服务。

4、实际GDP等于（）A、价格水平除以名义GDP；B、名义GDP除以价格水平；C、名义GDP乘以价格水平；D、价格水平乘以潜在GDP。

5、从国民生产总值减下列项目成为国民生产净值（）A、折旧；B、原材料支出；C、直接税；D、间接税。

6、从国民生产净值减下列项目在为国民收入（）A、折旧；B、原材料支出；C、直接税；D、间接税。

二、判断题1、百姓生产总值中的最终产品是指有形的物质产品。

（）2、今年建成并出售的房屋和去年建成而在今年出售的房屋都应计入今年的国民生产总值。

（）3、同样的打扮，在生产中作为工作服就是中间产品，而在日常糊口中穿就是最终产品。

（）4、百姓生产总值一定大于国内生产总值。

（）5、居民购房支出属于个人消费支出。

（）6、从理论上讲，按支出法、收入法和部门法所计算出的国民生产总值是一致的。

（）7、所谓净出口是指出口减进口。

（）8、在三部门经济中如果用支出法来计算，GNP等于消费＋投资＋税收。

（）三、简答题1、比较实际国民生产总值与名义国民生产总值。

2、比较百姓生产总值与人均百姓生产总值。

3、为什么住房建筑支出作为投资支出的一部分？4、假定A为B提供服务应得报酬400美元，B为A提供服务应得报酬300美元，AB商定相互抵消300美元，结果A只收B100美元。

应如何计入GNP？（一）答案一、C、A、D、B、A、D；二、错、错、对、错、错、对、对、错；三、1、实际国民生产总值与名义国民生产总值的区别在于计算时所用的价格不同。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷3(附答案).doc

一、选择题（本题包含30小题，每题？分，共？分）1. Real GDPa. evaluates current production at current prices.b ・ evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year inthe past ・c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change fromyear to year ・d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services ・2. The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket'scost, and compute the index ・b ・ choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, andcompute the index ・c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year andcompute the index ・d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year andcompute the index ・3. Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt risesfrom $8 to $ 10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buya. more milk and more T-shirts ・b ・ more milk and fewer T-shirts ・c. less milk and more T-shirts ・d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.4・ Which of the following is correct?a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones thathad the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.b ・ Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth rates duringthe past 100 years ・分）［请单击此处编辑题目］（每小题分，共c.The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.d.Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDPper person.5• Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measuresa.natural resources per worker・b・ human capital per worker.c.output per worker・d.physical capital per worker.6・ Index fundsa.typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.b.typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.c.contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry・d.typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.7- In a closed economy, national saving equalsa.investment.b.income minus the sum of consumption and govemment expenditures.c.private saving plus public saving・d.All of the above are correct・8・ At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?a. 4 percentb・ 5 percentc. 6 percentd・ None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.9・ Which of the following is incorrect?a.Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.b.Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes leadto higher productiv让y and higher living standards-c.At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.d.In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.10. Use the balance sheet for the following question.Last Bank of Cedar BendAssets LiabilitiesReserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000Loans $125,000If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this banka. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000・b・ has less reserves than required・c.has excess reserves of less than $15,000.d.None of the above are correct.11 • Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to leastfrequently used?a.discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactionsb.:reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changesc.open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changesd.None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.12. A decrease in the money supply creates an excessa. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices・b・ supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.c.demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.d.demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices・13- Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?a. Inflation is 4 percent; the taxrate i s 25 percent.b・ Inflation is 3 percent; the taxrateis 20 percent.c.Inflation is 2 percent; the taxrateis 15 percent.d.Tlie after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.14- In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow wasa. positive and net exports were negative・b・ positive and net exports were positive・c.negative and net exports were negative.d.negative and net exports were positive・15.If a country has business opportun让ies that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it tohavea. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow・b・ both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow・c.positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.d.negative net exports and pos让ive net capital outflow・16.On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay moredollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This isa. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities for arbitragein hairstyling across international borders・b・ consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices in the United States.c. consistent w让h purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in theUnited States.d・ None of the above is correct.17- Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflowa. and net cap让al outflow of other countries would rise.b・ and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.c.would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.d.would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would rise・18・ If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange ratea. and domestic investment rise.b・ and domestic investment fall.c.rises and domestic investment falls.d.falls and domestic investment rises.19.Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and thedemand for dollars leftb・ shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange leftc.shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange leftd.None of the above is correct.20. A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is calleda. arbitrage・b・ capital flight.c.crowding out.d.capital mobility・21• Aggregate demand shifts right when the governmenta.raises personal income taxes・b.increases the money supply.c.repeals an investment tax cred让.d.All of the above are correct.22• If people want to save more for retirementa.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.b.or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.c.aggregate demand shifts right If the government raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts left・d.aggregate demand shifts left. If the governnient raises taxes, aggregate demandshifts right.23• n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. Thisa. shifted aggregate supply left.b・ caused U.S. prices to fall.c.was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.d.All of the above are correct.24- Liquidity refers toa. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.b・ the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.c.the ease w让h which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange・d.the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rate.25• When the interest rate incr eases, the opportunity cost of holding moneya.increases’ so the quantity of money demanded increases・b.increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases・c.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases・d.decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.26.Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.b・ As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.c.As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises・d.As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls・27.An increase in government spending initially and primarily shiftsa. aggregate demand rightb・ aggregate demand leftc.aggregate supply right.d.neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.28 • The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called thea.multiplier effect.b.crowding-out effect.c.accelerator effect.d.Riccardian equivalence effect.29.One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is thea. rate of growth of the money supply.b・ minimum wage rate.c.expected inflation rate.d.All of the above are correct・30.An increase in the expected rate of inflation shiftsa. only the short-run Phillips curve right.b・ only the short-run Phillips curve leftc.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.d.both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.二、判断题（本题包含20小题，每题？分，共？分）31.If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.32.International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countries33 • One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is thatmany have high barriers to trade.34. When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit・35 • The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r)・36.The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification・37.Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted asunemployed by the BLS・38.Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who donot belong to unions.39.Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of the moneysuppl y.40.Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their noininal rather than their realinterest income.41.In an open economy, U・S・ national savings can be less than U・S・ investment42.If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage ofloanable funds・43 • Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specificfirms and industries.44. When output rises, unemployment falls.45 • The explanations for the slopes of the aggreg ate demand and aggregate supply curves are the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves for specific goods andservices・46. A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explainwhy the aggregate demand curve slopes downward・47.In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, butdoes not shift the money demand curve.48.In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset theeffects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.49.In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the money supply.50. A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-runaggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.三、名词解释（本题包含5小题，每题？分，共？分）51- human capital:52.exports:53.trade policy:54• aggregate-demand curve:55• crowding-out effect:四、简答题（本题包含8小题，每题？分，共？分）56.Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivityand standard of living mean・ Make a list of things tliat determine labor productivity.57.Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds・58.Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of thecountiy or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects such concerns?59.Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when themoney supply increases?a. real interest ratesb・ inflationc.the price leveld.real outpute.real wagesf.nominal wages60.The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?What explains the upward trend?61.Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.62.Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, andso cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demandand to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep output stable?63 • Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?参考答案I・b2.c3.d4・c5・d 6・d7.d&a 9・d lO.c llx 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 2O.b 21・b 22・b 23.a 24.c 25.b 26.d 27,a 2&b 29.b 3O.a3l.T 32. F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 4l.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad・53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services that a country imports or exports・54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending・56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is animportant dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated w让h other tilings such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productiv让y measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases・The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge insociet y.57.Market for Loanable FundsMarket for Loanble Funds58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.2.The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so 让isunlikely that a single president will have appointed most of them.3.The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.4.The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis.59. a. real interest ratesd. real outputd・ real wages60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth・ However, in most years real GDP increases・ The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enougli that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge・61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, forexample, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run・ However, most economists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so thataggregate demand shifts left and output falls. Tlie president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand・ They could e让her increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both・63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy・ By the time the president andCongress can agree to and pass legislation changing expend让UTCS or taxes, the recession may have ended・ The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but 让may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy-。

宏观经济学考试试题(附答案)

宏观经济学考试试题（附答案）1．假设某国某年有下列国民收入统计资料单位：亿美元请计算：资本消耗补偿356.4 (1)国民收入；雇员酬金1866.3 (2)国内生产净值；企业支付的利息264.9(3)国内生产总值；间接税266.3个人租金收入34.1公司利润164.8(4)个人收入；非公司企业主收入120.3红利66.4(5)个人可支配收入；社会保险税253.0(6)个人储蓄。

个人所得税402.1解：(1)国民收入=雇员酬金+企业支付的利息+个人租金消费者支付的利息64.4收入+公司利润+非公司企业主收入政府支付的利息105.1=1866.3+264.9+34.1+164.8+120.3政府转移支付347.5=2450.4(亿美元)个人消费支出1991.9(2)国内生产净值=国民收入+间接税=2450.4+266.3=2716.7(亿美元)(3)国内生产总值=国民生产净值+资本消耗补偿=2716.7+356.4=3073.1(亿美元)(4)个人收入=国民收入-(公司利润+社会保险税)+政府支付的利息+政府的转移支付+红利=2450.4-(164.8+253.0)+347.5+105.1+66.4=2551.7(亿美元)(5)个人可支配收入=个人收入-个人所得税=2551.7-402.1=2149.6(亿美元)(6)个人储蓄=个人可支配收入-消费者支付的利息-个人消费支出=2149.6-64.4-1991.9=93.3（亿美元）2、某经济社会在某时期发生了以下活动：一银矿公司支付7.5万美元工资给矿工，矿工开采了50万磅银卖给一银器制造商，售价10万美元；银器制造商支付5万美元工资给工人造一批项链卖给消费者，售价40万美元。

（1）用最终产品法计算GDP；（2）用增值法计算GDP；（3）在生产活动中赚得的工资、利润供给分别为多少？用收入法计算GDP。

解：（1）项链为最终产品，价值40万美元。

（2）开矿阶段生产10万美元，银器制造阶段生产30万美元，即40万美元－10万美元=30万美元，两个阶段共增值40万美元。

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案：B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是（）。

A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案：C3. 货币政策的实施机构是（）。

A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案：C4. 经济衰退时，政府应该采取的财政政策是（）。

A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加，利率下降，这表明（）。

A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案：C6. 通货膨胀率上升，货币的实际购买力会（）。

A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案：B7. 经济中存在失业，政府应该采取的措施是（）。

A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案：B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关（）。

A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案：D9. 长期总供给曲线是（）。

B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案：A10. 经济周期中，经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为（）。

A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。

答案：凯恩斯主义经济学认为，在短期内，总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。

政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求，从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。

2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线，并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。

答案：菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。

在短期内，较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。

然而，在长期内，这种关系可能并不稳定，因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。

3. 描述货币政策的三大工具，并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。

宏观经济学试题与答案（完整版）

宏观经济学试题与答案（完整版）⼀、请解释下列概念（每题3分，共151. GDP2.均衡产出3.资本积累的“黄⾦率⽔平”4.流动性偏好5.通货膨胀⼆、单项选择题（每题2分，共30分）1.在⼀个有家庭、企业、政府和国外部门构成的四部门经济中，GDP是（）的总和。

A.消费、总投资、政府购买和净出⼝；B. 消费、净投资、政府购买和净出⼝；C. 消费、总投资、政府购买和总出⼝；D.⼯资、地租、利息、利润和折旧。

2.下列项⽬中，（）不是要素收⼊。

A.总统薪⽔；B.股息；C.企业对灾区的捐献；D.银⾏存款者取得的利息。

3.⼀个家庭当其收⼊为零时，消费⽀出为2000元；⽽当其收⼊为6000时，其消费⽀出为6000元。

在图形上，消费和收⼊之间成⼀条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。

A.2/3；B.3/4；C.4/5；D.1；4.假设消费者在T年（退休前）时预计退休后每年可得额外的退休⾦10 000元，根据⽣命周期假说，该消费者与原来相⽐较，将（）。

A. 在退休前不改变，退休后每年增加10 000元消费；；B. 在退休前增加10 000元消费，退休后不再增加消费；C. 以T年起⾄⽣命结束每年增加消费10 000元；D. 将退休后可得到的退休⾦额均匀地⽤于增加T年以后的消费中。

5.如果灵活偏好曲线接近⽔平状，这意味着（）.A.利率稍有变动，货币需求就会⼤幅度变动；B.利率变动很⼤时，货币需求也不会有很⼤变动；C.货币需求丝毫不受利率的影响；D.以上三种情况都有可能；6.投资往往是易变的，其主要原因之⼀是（）.A.投资在很⼤程度上取决于企业家的预期；B.消费需求变化得反复⽆常以⾄于影响投资；C.政府开⽀代替投资，⽽政府开⽀波动剧烈；D.利率⽔平波动相当剧烈。

，净税收T=20，投资I=70-400r，净税收增加10单位使IS曲线7.若消费函数为C=40+0.8Y d（）.A.右移10单位；B.左移10单位；C.右移40单位；D.左移40单位.8.中央银⾏有多种职能，只有（）不是其职能.A.制定货币政策；B.为成员银⾏保存储备；C. 发⾏货币；D. 为政府赚钱9.利率和收⼊的组合点出现在IS曲线左下⽅、LM曲线的左上⽅的区域中，则表⽰（）.A.投资⼩于储蓄，且货币需求⼩于货币供给；B.投资⼩于储蓄，且货币供给⼩于货币需求；C.投资⼤于储蓄，且货币需求⼩于货币供给；D.投资⼤于储蓄，且货币需求⼤于货币供给.10.在下述何种情况下，会产⽣挤出效应（）.A.货币供给的下降提⾼利率，从⽽挤出了对利率敏感部门的私⼈⽀出；B.对私⼈部门税收的增加引起私⼈部门可⽀配收⼊和⽀出的下降；；C. 政府⽀出增加使利率提⾼，从⽽挤出了私⼈部门的⽀出；D.政府⽀出的下降导致消费⽀出的下降。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷2(附答案)doc资料

一、选择题(每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．In the United States real GDP is reported each quarter.a. These numbers are adjusted to make them measure at annual and seasonally adjusted rates.b. These numbers are adjusted to make them annual rates, but no adjustment for seasonal variations are made.c. These numbers are quarterly rates that have been seasonally adjusted.d. These numbers are at quarterly rates and have not been seasonally adjusted.2．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.3．If increases in the prices of U.S. medical care cause the CPI to increase by 2 percent,the GDP deflator will likely increase by a. more than 2 percent. b. 2 percent. c. less than 2 percent.d. All of the above are correct.4．The traditional view of the production process is that capital is subject to a. constant returns. b. increasing returns. c. diminishing returns.d. diminishing returns for low levels of capital, and increasing returns for high levels of capital.5．Which of the following is correct?a. Political instability can reduce foreign investment, reducing growth.b. Gary's Becker proposal to pay mothers in developing countries to keep their children in school has not worked very well in practice.c. Policies designed to prevent imports from other countries generally increase economic growth.d. All of the above are correct.6．Use the following table to answer the following question. Assume that the closing price was also the average price at which each stock transaction took place. Whatwas the total dollar volume of Gillette stock traded that day?a. $912,840,000b. $91,284,000c. $9,128,400d. $912,8407．Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 10,000, taxes are equal to 2,500 Consumption equals 6,500 and Government expenditures equal 2,000. What are private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving? a. 1500, 1000, 500 b. 1000, 500, 1500 c. 500, 1500, 1000d. None of the above are correct.8．Risk-averse people will choose different asset portfolios than people who are not risk averse. Over a longperiod of time, we would expect that a. every risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than every non-risk averse person. b. every risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than every non-risk averse person.c. the average risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.d. the average risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.9．The natural rate of unemployment is thea. unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b. rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c. difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d. amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.10．Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its required reserves area. $5.b. $50.c. $95.d. $950.11．Suppose a bank has $200,000 in deposits and $190,000 in loans. It has a reserve ratio ofa. 5 percentb. 9.5 percentc. 10 percentd. None of the above is correct.12．The inflation taxa. transfers wealth from the government to households.b. is the increase in income taxes due to lack of indexation.c. is a tax on everyone who holds money.d. All of the above are correct.13．In 1898, prospectors on the Klondike River discovered gold. This discovery caused an unexpected price levela. decrease that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.b. decrease that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.c. increase that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.d. increase that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.14．Ivan, a Russian citizen, sells several hundred cases of caviar to a restaurant chain in the United States. By itself, this salea. increases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.b. increases U.S. net exports and decreases Russian net exports.c. decreases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.d. decreases U.S. net exports and increases Russian net exports.15．Suppose that the real exchange rate between the United States and Kenya is defined in terms of baskets of goods. Which of the following will increase the real exchange rate (that is increase the number of baskets of Kenyan goods a basket of U.S. goods buys)?a. an increase in the number of Kenyan shillings that can be purchased with a dollarb. an increase in the price of U.S. baskets of goodsc. a decrease in the price in Kenyan shillings of Kenyan goodsd. All of the above are correct.16．Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the next question.In real terms, U.S. goods are more expensive than goods in which country(ies)?a. Brazil and Mexicob. Japan, Sweden, and Thailandc. Japan and Swedend. Thailand.17．Which of the following would tend to shift the supply of dollars in foreign-currency exchange market of the open-economy macroeconomic model to the left?a. The exchange rate rises.b. The exchange rate falls.c. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets rises.d. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets falls.18．The real exchange rate equals the relativea. price of domestic and foreign currency.b. price of domestic and foreign goods.c. rate of domestic and foreign interest.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, if the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest rate a. and the real exchange rate increase. b. and the real exchange rate decrease.c. increases and the real exchange rate decreases.d. decreases and the real exchange rate increases.20．For the followingquestion, use the graph below.The initial effect of an increase in the budget deficit in the loanable funds market isillustrated as a move from a. a to b. b. a to c. c. c to b.d. c to d.21．When the government spends more, the initial effect is that a. aggregate demand shifts right. b. aggregate demand shifts left. c. aggregate supply shifts right.d. aggregate supply shifts left.22．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a sharp increase in the minimum wage, a major new discovery of oil, a large influx of immigrants, and new environmental regulations that reduce electricity production. Inthe short run, we would expect a. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall. b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise. c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.23．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a large influx of skilled immigrants, a major new discovery of oil, and a major new technological advance in electricity production. In the short run, we would expect a. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall. b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise. c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.24．According to liquidity preference theory, the money supply curve is a. upward sloping. b. downward sloping.c. vertical.d. horizontal.25．When the Fed buys government bonds, the reserves of the banking system a. increase, so the money supply increases. b. increase, so the money supply decreases. c. decrease, so the money supply increases.d. decrease, so the money supply decreases.26．According to the theory of liquidity preference, an increase in the price level causes thea. interest rate and investment to rise.b. interest rate and investment to fall.c. interest rate to rise and investment to fall.d. interest rate to fall and investment to rise. 27．If the stock market crashes,a. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.b. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.c. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.d. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing themoney supply.28．If the MPC = 3/5, then the government purchases multiplier isa. 5/3.b. 5/2.c. 5.d. 15.29．If the government raises government expenditures, in the short run, pricesa. rise and unemployment falls.b. fall and unemployment rises.c. and unemployment rise.d. and unemployment fall.30．If the long-run Phillips curve shifts to the left, for any given rate of money growth and inflation the economy will havea. higher unemployment and lower output.b. higher unemployment and higher output.c. lower unemployment and lower output.d. lower unemployment and higher output.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．When an American doctor opens a practice in Bermuda, his production there is part of U.S. GDP.32．In countries where women are discriminated against, policies that increase their career and educational opportunities are likely to increase the birth rate.33．Michael Kramer found that world growth rates have increased as population has.34．Suppose a small closed economy has GDP of $5 billion, Consumption of $3 billion, and Government expenditures of $1 billion. Then domestic investment and national saving are both $1 billion.35．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, at any moment in time, the market price is the best guess of the company's value based on available information.36．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, stocks follow a random walk so that stocks that increase in price one year are more likely to increase than decrease in the next year.37．In the United States, blacks and whites have similar labor force participation rates, but blacks have a higher unemployment rate.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．In the months of November and December, people in the United States hold a larger part of their money in the form of currency because they intend to shop for the holidays. As a result, the money supply increases, cerise parousia.40．In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.41．According to the theory of purchasing-power parity, the real exchange rate defined as foreign goods per unit of U.S. goods will equal the domestic price level divided by the foreign price level.42．Net capital outflow represents the quantity of dollars supplied in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．If policymakers impose import restrictions on automobiles, the U.S. trade deficit would shrink.44．Most economists believe that classical theory explains the world in the short run, but not the long run.45．Because not all prices adjust instantly to changing conditions, an unexpected fall in the price level leaves some firms with higher-than-desired prices, and these higher-than-desired prices depress sales and induce firms to reduce the quantity of goods and services they produce.46．All explanations for the upward slope of the short-run aggregate supply curve suppose that output supplied increases when the price level increases more than expected.47．Both the multiplier and the investment accelerator tend to make the aggregate demand curve shift farther than the increase in government expenditures.48．During recessions, the government tends to run a budget deficit.49．If macroeconomic policy expands aggregate demand, unemployment will fall and inflation will rise in the short run.50．The analysis of Friedman and Phelps argues that any change in inflation that is expected has no impact on the unemployment rate. 三、名词解释(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)51．diminishing returns: 52．nominal exchange rate: 53．crowding-out effect: 54．stagflation: 55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Why are property rights important for the growth of a nation's standard of living? 57．Suppose that you are a broker and people tell you the following about themselves. Whatsort of bond would you recommend to each? Defend your choices. a. "I am in a high federal income tax bracket and I don't want to take very much risk." b. "I want a high return and I am willing to take a lot of risk to get it."c. "I want a decent return and I have enough deductions that I don't value tax breakshighly."58．Draw a simple T-account for First National Bank of Me, which has $5,000 of deposits, areserve ratio of 10 percent, and excess reserves of $300.59．What are the costs of inflation?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right. 61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand andlong-run aggregate supply curves.62．Why do economists think that the wealth effect and exchange-rate effect are not very important factors inexplaining why aggregate demand slopes downward, at least in the United States?63．Describe the process in the money market by which the interest rate reaches its equilibrium value if it startsabove equilibrium.五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Assume the economy is in a recession. Explain how each of the following policies would affect consumption and investment. In each case, indicate any direct effects, any effects resulting from changes intotal output, any effects resulting from changes in interest rate, and the overall effect. If there are conflicting effects making the answer ambiguous, say so. a). a reduction in taxes; b) an expansion of the money supply. 65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分) 51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2.d3.c4.c5.a6.b7.b8.d9.d 10.b 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.d 16.d 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c 25.a 26.c 27.c 28.b 29.a 30.d31.F 32.F 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.F 37.T 38.F 39.F 40.F 41.F 42.T 43.F 44.F 45.T 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.52.the rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another.53.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.54.a period of falling output and rising prices.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.Property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work in a market economy. If an individual or company is not confident that claims over property or over the income from property can be protected, or that contracts can be enforced, there will be little incentive for individuals to save, invest, or start new businesses. Likewise, there will be little incentive for foreigners to invest in the real or financial assets of the country. The distortion of incentives will reduce efficiency in resource allocation and will reduce saving and investment which in turn will reduce the standard of living. 57. a. A municipal bond, because generally they have low credit risk and are not subject to federal income tax.b. A junk bond. Because of their high risk, they have a high return.c. A corporate bond that isn't a junk bond. Because they have more risk thangovernment bonds and have no special tax treatment, they pay moderate ratesof return.58.First National Bank of MeAssets LiabilitiesReserves $800 Deposits $5,000Loans $4,20059.The costs of inflation include "shoeleather costs," the cost of reducing your money holdings to reduce your inflation tax; "menu costs," the costs of price adjustments; the costs of resource misallocation that result from the relative-price variability induced by inflation; the costs of inflation-induced tax distortions; the costs of confusion and inconvenience; and the costs associated with the arbitrary redistribution of wealth that accompany unexpected inflation.60.Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62.The wealth effect is not very important because it operates through changes in the real value of money, and money is only a small fraction of household wealth. So it is unlikely that changes in the price level will lead to large changes in consumption spending through this channel. The exchange-rate effect is not very important in the United States because trade with other countries represents a relatively small fraction of U.S. GDP.63. If the interest rate is above equilibrium, there is an excess supply of money. People with more money than they want to hold given the current interest rate deposit the money in banks and buy bonds. The increase in funds to lend out causes the interest rate to fall. As the interest rate falls, the quantity of money demanded increases, which tends to diminish the excess supply of money.64. a) 税收减少增加了储蓄的收益、减少了投资的成本，但税收减少对储蓄和投资的影响要视情况而定。

宏观经济学考试试题及答案

宏观经济学考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. 宏观经济学研究的是（）。

A. 单个经济个体的行为B. 市场价格的变动C. 整体经济运行规律和宏观经济政策D. 企业的生产管理2. GDP的计算方法主要包括（）。

A. 支出法、收入法、生产法B. 供给法、需求法、市场法C. 学问法、技术法、法律法D. 税收法、财政法、社会法3. 通货膨胀对经济的影响主要包括（）。

A. 提高流动性，减少债务负担B. 降低实际利率，刺激投资C. 降低购买力，导致物价上涨D. 增加进出口，改善贸易顺差4. 央行采取货币紧缩政策的目的是（）。

A. 刺激经济增长，促进就业B. 降低通货膨胀压力C. 扩大货币供应，增加消费D. 促进消费升级，提高人民生活水平5. 短期经济波动主要是由（）引起的。

A. 消费者需求的变化B. 政府宏观调控的效果C. 经济周期的波动D. 外部环境的变化二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. 宏观经济学研究的三大核心变量是（）、（）和（）。

7. 当央行降低存款准备金率时，货币供应量（）。

8. 名义利率等于实际利率加上（）。

9. 通货膨胀率的计算公式是（）。

10. 净出口等于出口减去（）。

三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）11. 请简述宏观经济学研究的基本问题是什么？12. 什么是经济增长？列举两个促进经济增长的因素。

13. 请解释货币的三个职能分别是什么？14. 列举并解释四个影响经济增长的要素。

15. 描述央行在宏观经济调控中的作用和手段。

四、论述题（共40分）16. 请论述中国宏观经济面临的主要问题及应对策略。

参考答案：一、选择题答案：1. C2. A3. C4. B5. C二、填空题答案：6. GDP、失业率、通货膨胀率7. 增加8. 通货膨胀率9. 通货膨胀率=（今年物价指数-去年物价指数）/去年物价指数×100%10. 进口三、简答题答案：11. 宏观经济学的基本问题包括经济增长、就业与失业、通货膨胀与通货紧缩、国际收支平衡等。

《宏观经济学》期中试卷及答案

第一次期中考试一、单选1.如下经济可以定义为宏观经济，由宏观经济学来研究的是A.台湾经济B.长三角地区经济C.中国制造业D.农村经济A2.关于宏观经济学的研究对象，如下说法最准确的是A.宏观经济学有两大研究主题：长期经济增长和短期经济波动B．宏观经济学有三大研究主题：经济增长、经济周期、经济波动C．宏观经济学有四大研究主题：经济增长、经济周期、货币经济、国际经济D. 宏观经济学有四大研究主题：经济增长、经济波动、货币经济、国际经济A3.关于宏观经济学，如下说法错误的是A.总供给与总需求分析可以囊括所有影响宏观经济的因素B.可以将宏观经济学区分为短期的经济波动于长期的经济增长两大领域C.货币与货币政策理论主要是针对短期经济波动的D.财政与财政政策理论主要是针对长期经济增长的D4.在宏观经济中，收入、支出与产出三个概念的关系是A.总产出与总支出是等同的B.总收入与总支出是等同的C.总收入与总产出是等同的D.总收入、总支出与总产出三者是等同的C5.在宏观经济中，总收入与总支出的关系是A.总收入与总支出是等同的B.总收入与总支出不同，但是在数量上总是相等C.从事后核算的角度看，总收入恒等于总支出D.从事前计划的角度看，总收入恒等于总支出C6.各国核算的GDP存在着重复计算的部分，这是因为A.折旧的处理使得GDP含有重复计算B.价格的上涨导致GDP含有重复计算C.价格的下降导致GDP含有重复计算D.题目中的说法是错的A7.对中国自改革开放以来的GDP变化进行分析时，我们会发现如下结论A.各年经济增长率高估了实际产出的增长，因为存在价格上涨B.各年经济增长率高估了实际产出的增长，因为市场化的程度越来越高，越来越多的家庭生产变成市场化生产C.各年经济增长率低估了实际产出的增长，因为存在着地下经济活动D.各年经济增长率低估了实际产出的增长，因为存在着不可避免的误差B8.根据教科书的定义，从支出的角度看，GDP包括如下几个部分A.消费，储蓄，投资，出口B.消费，储蓄，投资，进口C.消费，金融投资，实物投资，政府购买，出口D.消费，政府购买，投资，净出口D9.关于GDP的各个指标，如下哪个说法是对的A.实际GDP（real GDP）就是实现GDP（actual GDP）B.实际GDP（real GDP）低于或等于潜在GDPC.实际GDP（real GDP）总是低于名义GDPD.对名义GDP用价格指数进行调整，可以得到实际GDP（real GDP）D10.关于价格指数CPI与GDP平减指数（GDP deflator）的区别，下面说法正确的是A.CPI与GDP平减指数里所包含的产品是相同的B.CPI中的产品全部是国内生产产品的一部分C.GDP平减指数中的产品全部是国内生产产品的一部分D.GDP平减指数以产量作为权重，CPI用事先设定的固定权重D11.下面各项中不属于本国投资的是A.居民购买住宅B.居民购买股票C.居民购买一辆汽车从事网约车专车服务D.当年生产出来但是未销售给居民和政府的电脑B12.如下事实反映了GDP核算中的缺陷A.发生车祸后，因为修车服务增加，GDP增加了B.劳动者增加了休假时间，福利增加了，但是GDP减少了C.加强生态环境保护后，青山绿水增加了，但是GDP减少了D.一些地下经济、灰色经济活动未能计入GDPD13.如下哪些事实反映了GDP作为一个经济指标的局限性A.利用市场价值来测度经济活动B.未能反映经济福利的变化C.存在统计误差D.未能剔除通货膨胀的影响B14.关于实际GDP（real GDP），如下哪个说法是正确的A.与名义GDP相比，实际GDP将非市场经济活动统计进来了B.在将2010-2020年间GDP进行比较时，有可能2010年的实际GDP和名义GDP在数值上相等。

宏观经济学试题及答案

宏观经济学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学研究的主要对象是：A. 个人消费行为B. 企业投资决策C. 国民经济总体D. 货币市场2. 以下哪项不是国民收入核算中的四大经济指标之一？A. 国内生产总值(GDP)B. 国内生产净值(NDP)C. 国民生产总值(GNP)D. 国民收入(NI)3. 根据凯恩斯理论，以下哪项不是总需求的组成部分？A. 消费(C)B. 投资(I)C. 政府支出(G)D. 净出口(NX)4. 以下哪个因素不是影响总供给的因素？A. 生产技术B. 劳动投入C. 资本投入D. 消费者信心5. 菲利普斯曲线描述的是：A. 失业率与通货膨胀率之间的关系B. 失业率与经济增长率之间的关系C. 通货膨胀率与经济增长率之间的关系D. 经济增长率与投资之间的关系6. 以下哪个政策工具不是货币政策的组成部分？A. 调整利率B. 公开市场操作C. 调整货币供应量D. 财政支出7. 以下哪个理论不是属于新古典经济学派？A. 理性预期理论B. 有效市场假说C. 供给学派D. 货币学派8. 经济周期的四个阶段包括：A. 繁荣、衰退、萧条、复苏B. 增长、稳定、衰退、复苏C. 繁荣、稳定、衰退、萧条D. 增长、衰退、萧条、复苏9. 以下哪个不是经济增长的源泉？A. 技术进步B. 资本积累C. 人口增长D. 政策干预10. 以下哪个不是财政政策的类型？A. 自动稳定器B. 斟酌性财政政策C. 扩张性财政政策D. 紧缩性货币政策二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 解释什么是边际消费倾向（MPC）以及它在宏观经济政策中的作用。

2. 描述货币乘数的工作原理，并解释它对经济的影响。

3. 阐述经济衰退期间，政府可能采取哪些财政政策来刺激经济增长。

三、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. 假设一个国家的GDP为1000亿美元，消费支出为600亿美元，投资支出为200亿美元，政府支出为150亿美元，净出口为-50亿美元。

宏观经济学试题与答案(完整版)

11c110.8 K G K I22.52T11c(c1(1t)t)1100.8.8(1(100.225)5)K TRc1c(1t) 10.80.8(1 0.25)2〔2〕4.解：根据，可得I=300时的均衡收入为y=(1000+300)/(1－0.8)=6500；当I=500时，y=7500，可见，均衡收入增加了1000亿美元。

当投资从300增加到500时，收入从原来的6500增加到7500的过程中第1、2、3期收入将是：第1期收入=0.8×6500+1000+500=6700第2期收入=0.8×6700+1000+500=6860第3期收入=0.8×6860+1000+500=6988〔六〕简答题1、消费函数是指居民的消费支出与决定消费的变量之间的依存关系。

决定消费的变量很多，但最具影响和决定意义的是收入水平。

消费函数集中研究消费和收入之间的关系，在其它条件不变的情况下，消费随收入的变动而同方向变动。

凯恩斯认为，随着收入的增加，消费也会增加，但消费的增加不及收入增加得快，也就是边际消费倾向呈递减的趋势，这被称为边际消费倾向递减规律。

许多经济学家对凯恩斯关于消费函数的这种短期分析进展了修正、补充与开展，推动了消费函数理论的开展，表达在杜生贝里〔J.S.Duesenberry〕提出的相对收入消费函数、莫迪格利安尼(F.Modigliani)提出的生命周期的消费函数和弗里德曼(M.Friedman)提出的永久收入的消费函数以及影响消费的利率、价格水平与收入分配等其他因素方面。

2、在两部门经济中，总需求由消费和投资构成，总供给由消费和储蓄构成。

可采用两种方法来决定国民收入：总需求—总供给法和投资—储蓄法。

前者根据均衡条件：Y=C+I，利用消费函数和投资函数〔I=I0〕来求得，并可通过消费加投资即总需求与450度线相交的方式在几何图形中得到表示；后者根据均衡条件：I=S，利用储蓄函数和投资函数〔I=I0〕来得求得，并可通过储蓄等于投资的方式在图形中得到说明。

(完整版)宏观经济学题库及答案

宏观经济学题库及答案1.宏观经济学的创始人是(A)。

A.斯密;B.李嘉图;C.凯恩斯;D.萨缪尔森。

2.宏观经济学的中心理论是(C)。

A.价格决定理论;B.工资决定理论;C.国民收入决定理论;D.汇率决定理论。

3.下列各项中除哪一项外,均被认为是宏观经济的“疾病”(D)。

A.高失业;B.滞胀;C.通货膨胀;D.价格稳定。

4.表示一国居民在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值的总量指标是(A)。

A.国民生产总值;B.国内生产总值;C.名义国内生产总值;D.实际国内生产总值。

5.一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为(B)。

A.国民生产总值;B.实际国内生产总值;C.名义国内生产总值;D.潜在国内生产总值。

6.实际GDP等于(B)。

A.价格水平/名义GDP;B.名义GDP/价格水平×100;C.名义GDP乘以价格水平;D.价格水平乘以潜在GDP。

7.下列各项中属于流量的是(A)。

A.国内生产总值;B.国民债务;C.现有住房数量;D.失业人数。

8.存量是(A)。

A.某个时点现存的经济量值;B.某个时点上的流动价值;C.流量的固体等价物;D.某个时期内发生的经济量值。

9. 下列各项中哪一个属于存量?(C)。

A. 国内生产总值;B. 投资;C. 失业人数;D. 人均收入。

10.古典宏观经济理论认为,利息率的灵活性使得(B)。

A.储蓄大于投资;B.储蓄等于投资;C.储蓄小于投资;D.上述情况均可能存在。

11.古典宏观经济理论认为,实现充分就业的原因是(C)。

A.政府管制;B.名义工资刚性;C.名义工资灵活性;D.货币供给适度。

12.根据古典宏观经济理论,价格水平降低导致下述哪一变量减少(C)。

A.产出;B.就业;C.名义工资;D.实际工资。

13.在凯恩斯看来,造成资本主义经济萧条的根源是(A)。

A.有效需求不足;B.资源短缺;C.技术落后;D.微观效率低下。

宏观经济学试题答案

宏观经济学试题答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）A. 个体经济行为B. 企业经营决策C. 整体经济现象D. 货币政策制定答案：C2. 以下哪一项不是国民收入核算中的组成部分？（）A. 消费B. 投资C. 政府购买D. 人口迁移答案：D3. 通货膨胀是指（）A. 货币供应量减少B. 物价总水平持续上升C. 经济增长放缓D. 失业率上升答案：B4. 经济周期的四个阶段中，哪两个阶段通常伴随着经济衰退？（）A. 顶峰和低谷B. 扩张和复苏C. 低谷和复苏D. 扩张和顶峰答案：C5. 以下哪一项政策不是政府用来调节经济的手段？（）A. 财政政策B. 货币政策C. 贸易政策D. 教育政策答案：D二、填空题1. 宏观经济学中的“三驾马车”指的是______、______和______。

答案：消费、投资、政府支出2. 货币供应量增加，通常会导致______下降，进而可能刺激______。

答案：利率、投资3. 在开放经济条件下，经常账户余额等于______加上______。

答案：贸易余额、转移支付4. 菲利普斯曲线描述了______和______之间的关系。

答案：失业率、通货膨胀率5. 经济全球化的主要推动力之一是______。

答案：技术进步三、简答题1. 请简述宏观经济学的研究对象和主要目标。

答：宏观经济学研究的是整个经济体系的行为和表现，主要关注国民收入、就业、物价水平、经济增长和国际收支等宏观经济变量。

其主要目标是实现高就业、稳定物价、经济增长和国际收支平衡。

2. 说明总需求和总供给在宏观经济中的作用。

答：总需求是指在一定时期内，所有经济主体对商品和服务的总购买力。

总供给则是指在同一时期内，经济体系能够生产的商品和服务的总量。

总需求的变化影响着物价水平和产出，而总供给的变化则影响着生产能力和就业水平。

两者的平衡关系是宏观经济稳定的关键。

3. 描述货币政策的基本原理及其对经济的影响。

答：货币政策是中央银行为了实现宏观经济目标而对货币供应量和利率进行调控的政策。

宏观经济学试题及答案

宏观经济学试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个体经济行为B. 企业经营策略C. 整体经济现象D. 货币政策制定答案：C2. GDP是指（）。

A. 国民生产总值B. 国内生产总值C. 国内生产总值D. 国民生产总值答案：B3. 通货膨胀是指（）。

A. 货币供应量增加B. 物价总水平持续上升C. 经济增速放缓D. 失业率上升答案：B4. 货币政策的主要目标是（）。

A. 促进经济增长B. 控制通货膨胀C. 减少失业率D. 维持金融市场稳定答案：B5. 以下哪项不属于财政政策工具？A. 税收B. 政府支出C. 利率调整D. 国债发行答案：C二、填空题1. 宏观经济学中的总需求指的是一国或地区在一定时期内所有最终产品和服务的__________总和。

答案：购买2. 经济周期的四个阶段分别是：__________、复苏、过热和衰退。

答案：扩张3. 货币乘数效应是指在银行体系中，中央银行的货币供应量变化会通过银行信贷活动引起货币供应量更大幅度的__________。

答案：变动4. 国际贸易中，比较优势理论是由__________经济学家大卫·李嘉图提出的。

答案：英国5. 财政赤字指的是政府在一定时期内支出超过__________的情况。

答案：收入三、简答题1. 请简述宏观经济学的主要研究内容。

答：宏观经济学主要研究整体经济现象和问题，包括总产出、就业水平、物价水平、国际贸易和金融等。

它关注的是国民经济的总体运行规律，以及政府如何通过财政政策和货币政策来调控经济，实现经济增长、就业和物价稳定等目标。

2. 货币政策有哪些主要工具？答：货币政策的主要工具包括公开市场操作、存款准备金率调整、再贴现率调整和直接信贷控制等。

通过这些工具，中央银行可以影响货币供应量和利率水平，进而调控经济活动。

3. 通货膨胀对经济有什么影响？答：通货膨胀会导致物价水平持续上升，购买力下降，影响消费者和企业的消费和投资决策。

《宏观经济学》试卷参考答案

应试人应试人学号应试人所在院系题号一二三四五六七八九得分一、单项选择题（本大题共30 小题，每小题1分，共计30 分）说明：在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在下列答题框内。

错选、多选或未选均不得分。

注：请务必将答案填入以下表格中，其他地方的答案无效。

题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案 C B B D A C A D C B题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案 A D D B A B A A D D题号21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30答案 D A C D C D C A D C1、现代宏观经济学诞生的标志是（）。

A．货币数量论的提出B. 美国国民经济研究局（NBER）的建立C．《就业、利息与货币通论》的发表D．货币主义理论的提出2、假定某国今年出售最终产品500亿美元，上年留存20亿美元，今年留作库存40亿美元，则可知今年的国内生产总值为（）亿美元。

A．500 B. 520 C. 540 D. 4803、一国的国民生产总值小于国内生产总值，说明该国公民从国外取得的收入（）外国公民从该国取得的收入。

A．大于 B. 小于 C. 等于 D. 可能大于也可能小于4、下列哪一项计入GDP（）A．购买一辆二手车B．购买普通股票C．汽车制造厂买进10吨钢板D．晚上为邻居照看孩子的收入5、在一个四部门经济中，GDP是（）。

A．消费、总投资、政府购买和净出口B．消费、净投资、政府购买和净出口C．消费、总投资、政府购买和总出口D．工资、地租、利息、利润和折旧6、在两部门经济中，均衡发生于（）之时。

A. 实际储蓄等于实际投资B. 实际消费加实际投资等于产出值C. 计划储蓄等于计划投资D. 总支出等于企业部门的收入7、直线性的消费函数表明平均消费倾向（）。

A. 大于边际消费倾向B. 小于边际消费倾向C. 等于边际消费倾向D. 以上三种情况都有可能8、线性消费曲线与45线之间的垂直距离为（）A．自发性消费 B.总消费 C.收入 D.储蓄9、根据凯恩斯的消费理论，随着收入增加（）A．消费增加，储蓄下降B．消费下降，储蓄增加C．消费增加，储蓄增加D．消费下降，储蓄下降10、如果边际储蓄倾向为0.3，投资支出增加30亿美元，这将导致均衡收入增加（）亿美元。

《宏观经济学》测试题及答案

《宏观经济学》测试题及答案第一套一、名词解释：1. GDP（Gross Domestic Product）：指一个国家或地区在一定时期内所有经济单位生产的最终产品和服务的市场价值总和。

2. 通货膨胀（Inflation）：是指一段时期内，一般价格水平的持续上涨，表示货币购买力的下降。

3. 货币政策（Monetary Policy）：中央银行通过控制货币供应量和利率来影响经济活动，以实现稳定物价、促进经济增长和充分就业等目标的政策。

4. 凯恩斯主义（Keynesianism）：由经济学家约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯提出的一种经济理论，强调政府通过财政政策干预经济，以解决市场经济中的有效需求不足问题。

5. 汇率（Exchange Rate）：是指一种货币与另一种货币之间的相对价格，用于衡量两国货币的相对价值。

二、填空题：1. 宏观经济学研究的对象是______经济行为和总量问题。

答案：整个社会2. IS-LM模型中的IS曲线表示______和______之间的关系。

答案：利率和投资；国民收入3. 菲利普斯曲线描述了______和______之间的关系。

答案：失业率；通货膨胀率4. AS-AD模型中的AD曲线表示______和______之间的关系。

答案：总需求；价格水平5. GDP核算有三种方法，分别是______、______和______。

答案：生产法；收入法；支出法三、单项选择题：1. 下列哪一项不是宏观经济政策的主要目标？A. 稳定物价B. 充分就业C. 经济增长D. 均衡汇率答案：D. 均衡汇率2. 当经济出现过度需求时，政府应采取何种政策？A. 扩张性财政政策B. 紧缩性财政政策C. 扩张性货币政策D. 紧缩性货币政策答案：B. 紧缩性财政政策3. 在开放经济中，资本完全流动的情况下，如果实行固定汇率制度，以下哪种政策可能无效？A. 财政政策B. 货币政策C. 直接管制D. 外汇储备政策答案：B. 货币政策4. 下列哪一项不属于总供给曲线向右移动的原因？A. 劳动生产率提高B. 技术进步C. 成本降低D. 工资增加答案：D. 工资增加5. 当一国出现国际收支逆差时，以下哪种政策可能会导致本国货币贬值？A. 提高利率B. 降低利率C. 减少政府支出D. 增加税收答案：B. 降低利率四、多项选择题：1. 下列哪些因素可能导致总需求曲线向右移动？A. 政府减税B. 中央银行增发货币C. 消费者预期未来价格上涨D. 利率上升答案：A、B、C2. 下列哪些属于扩张性财政政策工具？A. 增加政府支出B. 减少税收C. 提高法定准备金率D. 发行国债答案：A、B、D3. 下列哪些情况可能导致LM曲线向右移动？A. 货币供给增加B. 货币需求减少C. 利率上升D. 国民收入增加答案：A、B4. 下列哪些因素可能导致菲利普斯曲线向上移动？A. 预期通货膨胀率上升B. 劳动生产率提高C. 失业率下降D. 工资刚性增强答案：A、D5. 下列哪些措施可以缓解通货膨胀压力？A. 提高利率B. 减少政府支出C. 增加税收D. 降低法定准备金率答案：A、B、C五、判断题：1. GDP是衡量一个国家经济规模和经济增长速度的重要指标。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷习题及标准答案.doc

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ B 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共 5 题。

每题 3 分，共 15 分）1．国内生产总值 2 ．平衡预算乘数 3 ．流动性偏好4．基础货币 5 ．充分就业1．国内生产总值：一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品（物品和劳务）的市场价值。

2．平衡预算乘数：政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。

3．流动性偏好：即对货币的需求，由于货币具有使用上的灵活性，人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。

4．基础货币：商业银行的准备金总额（法定的和超额的）加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础，被称为基础货币。

5．充分就业：在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素（包含劳动）都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。

二、单项选择题（本题型共30 题。

每题正确答案只有一个。

每题 1 分，共 30 分）1．下列哪一项将不计入当年的GDP？（）．．．A．当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值；B．一辆新汽车的价值；C．一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值；D．一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。

1．C；2．在以支出法计算国内生产总值时，不属于投资的是（）。

．．．A．某企业增加一笔存货； B ．某企业建造一座厂房；C．某企业购买一台计算机； D ．某企业购买政府债券。

．；2D3．用收入法计算GDP时，不能计入GDP的是（）A．政府给公务员支付的工资；B．居民购买自行车的支出；C．农民卖粮的收入；D．自有住房的租金。

3．B；4．当实际GDP为 1500 亿美元， GDP缩减指数为120 时，名义国民收入为：（）A． 1100 亿美元；B．1500亿美元；C ． 1700 亿美元； D ．1800 亿美元。

4．D；5．一个家庭当其收入为零时，消费支出为2000 元；而当其收入为6000 元时，其消费为6000 元，在图形上，消费和收入之间成一条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。

经济学专业级《宏观经济学》复习题(含大部分答案).docx

经济学专业08级《宏观经济学》复习题一、选择题：从备选答案中选出一个最佳答案。

1.名义GDP和实际GDP的主要区别是：（a ）a.实际GDP按价格变化做了调整，而名义GDP则没有。

b.名义GDP按价格变化做了调整，而实际GDP则没有。

c.名义GDP更适合于比较若干年的产出。

d.实际GDP在通货膨胀时增长更多。

2.在下列各对目标中，哪一对看起來是相互孑盾的？（b ）a.低火业率和实际GDP的高增长率。

b.低通货膨胀率和低失业率。

c.实际GDP高增长率和对外贸易平衡。

d.价格稳定和对外贸易平衡。

3.在一个宏观经济模型中，下列哪一个选项最有可能被认为是一个外生变量？（b ）a.外国对美国的岀口。

b.本国的出口。

c.利率。

d.税收。

4.计算GDP而采用的产品支出法和要索收入法：（b ）a.是用來衡1： GDP的两个不同方而，因此互不相关。

b.是衡量同一事物的两种不同的方法。

c.如杲GDP以实际价格衡量，两种方法可得出相同的结果；如果GDP是以名义价格衡量，则得出两个不同的结果。

d.与环流图无关。

6.按照收入法核算的国民收入，下而哪项不包括在内（B ）a.小店铺主的收入。

b.居民购买小汽车的支出。

c.公司所得税。

d.企业的社会慈善捐款。

18.以下项口可被记为政府对产品或服务的购买，除了（b ）a.购买新的轰炸机。

b.你的祖母按月收到的社会保障金。

c.美国军工厂建造一座新的防护墙。

d.纽约市雇用新的警察官员。

5.在GDP统计中，投资包括：（c ）a.在该年中为政府生产的任何产品。

b.对该年发行普通股票的购买。

c.该年年底存货量比年初存货量的任何增加。

d.山消费者购买但到该年年底并未全部消费掉的任何商殆o9、已知一个经济体中的消费为6亿，投资为1亿，间接税为1亿，政府购买为1.5亿，进口为1.8亿，出口2亿，贝I」（c ）A、NDP二5 亿B、GDP二7.7 亿C、GDP二8. 7 亿D、NDP二& 7 亿6.在GDP统计中，负的总投资数字：（d ）a.不可能发生。

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