安徽专升本2013年真题
专升本英语2013真题及答案
2013年安徽专升本考试《英语》试题2013年专升本考试《英语》试题答案I.词汇与结构1——5BCBAD 6——10DCACA 11——15CADBB 16——20DCADB 21——25DBBAA 26——30CADBD II.完型填空31——35CBABD 36——40ADACA41——45DBDBCIII.阅读理解SectionalPassage1:46——50ABACBPassage2:51——55DCCBDPassage3:56——60BABDCPassage4:61——65ADCBDSection B66.kid‘s TV time 67.watchTV 68.homework 69.proper/appropriate/meaningful70. BeliefsandvaluesIV翻译71.“虎妈”曾在全世界引发一轮巨大争议。
72.只要大多数孩子能够实现目标，教师便可自由使用任何教学方法。
73.芬兰人坚信，教育是一种“服务”，孩子就是“顾客”。
74.芬兰的这种教育模式基本上像“放羊”，也就被称为”羊妈”75.这一报道不仅让世界吃惊，更让芬兰人深感震惊。
76.换言之，芬兰的教育体制，极少鼓励竞争，却培养出了最具竞争力的孩子。
V.写作写作范文：April14, 2013Dear teacher sand students,Whatapitytoseemuchwasteinouruniversity!Therearelotsoflightsleftonafterleaving,manytapsleftonaf tercleaningandleftoversthrownawayafterdining.Hence,wesincerelyputforwardthefollowingproposals:1.Allstudentsandstaffshouldsparenoefforttoincreaseoureconomicalawareness2.LetUSbeginwithtinythingsatonce,Fromnowon,weshouldturnofflightsandtapsintime,getadoggieba gifthereisfoodleftoveraftermeals,andstopusingair_conditionersifitisunnecessary.3.Weshoulddevelopthegoodhabitsofsavingwater,electricity,foodandotherthingsaroundUS.Let’sgetstartedtogethernow;let’shelptobuildabeautifulcampushandinhand.TheStudentsUnion。
大学语文历年真题+答案(2003-2013)
绝密★启用前安徽省2003年普通高校专升本大学语文真题一、单项选择题（每小题4个备选答案中，只有一个是正确的，请将正确答案的字母填在题后的括号里，每小题1分，共15分）1.先秦诸子散文中，想像丰富、汪洋恣肆、词藻瑰丽、多用寓言说理的作品是A。
《孟子》B。
《庄子》C。
《韩非子》D。
《墨子》2.战国时，屈原根据楚地民歌改造的独特诗体称为A风Ｂ．乐府诗Ｃ．楚辞Ｄ．五言诗3.我国古代田园诗派的开创者是Ａ．陶渊明B。
谢灵运C。
王维D。
孟浩然4.下列诗歌属于近体诗的是A。
李白《梦游天姥吟留别》B。
三维《山居秋螟》C。
陶渊明《饮酒》D．马致远《天净沙·秋思》5.“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”是李白哪首诗中的句子A。
《将进酒》Ｂ．《行路难》（其一）C。
《蜀道难》D。
《长干行》6.宋代文学家成就最高、各种文体创作都获得极大成功的作家是A欧阳修Ｂ．王安石Ｃ．苏轼Ｄ．陆游7.“闷君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流”的名句出自Ａ．李清照《声声慢》B。
苏轼《定风波》Ｃ．李煜《虞美人》D。
秦观《鹊桥仙》8.下面术语中哪一个不是词的别称Ａ．诗余B。
长短句C。
乐府D。
歌行体9.《宝玉挨打》中不属于宝玉挨打的原因是Ａ．宝玉没有热情地与贾雨村应酬。
B。
宝玉无视革卑有序的等级观念，竟和戏子来往。
C。
宝玉被诬告“逼淫母婢″，遇死人命。
D。
宝玉求告的老妈妈因为耳聋，没能及时向贾母报信求助。
10.下列各句中的“其”不属于指代用法的是JA。
广为人长，猿臂，其善射亦天性也。
《史记·李将军列传》）B。
如吾之衰者，其能久存乎？（《祭十二郎文》）C。
于是焉河伯始旋其面目，望洋向著而叹曰……《庄子·秋水》）Ｄ．虽曰爱之，其实害之；虽日忧之，其实仇之。
（《种树郭某驼传》）11.下列诗句中使用了借代修辞手法的是Ａ．中原干戈古亦闻，岂有逆胡传子孙。
B。
我寄愁心与明月，随君直到夜郎西。
C。
感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。
D。
独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。
13年安徽省普通高等学校专升本考试大学语文试题及答案
13年安徽省普通高等学校专升本考试大学语文试题及答案1、1韩愈，是唐代古文运动的倡导者，被后人尊为唐宋八大家之首，与柳宗元并称韩柳，有文章巨匠和百代文宗之名。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错2、1肖像描写即描写人物的外貌特征，它包括人物的身材、容貌、服饰、打扮以及表情、仪态、风度等。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错3、下列选项中加着重号字注音正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A、嗜好shì厌恶èB、崇高chóng 熔化róng(正确答案)C、补偿chǎng结缘yuánD、包揽lǎn 苦难nán4、下列对《红楼梦》相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（) [单选题] *A.“湘江水逝楚云飞”，是贾探春的判词。
(正确答案)B.《红楼梦》第五十二回中“勇晴雯病补孔雀裘”，“孔雀裘”是贾母送给贾宝玉的。
C.贾宝玉的通灵宝玉正面文字是“莫失莫忘，仙寿恒昌”。
D.贾府的“四春”分别是：孤独的贾元春、懦弱的贾迎春、精明的贾探春、孤僻的贾惜春，取“原应叹息”之意。
5、椽的正确读音是（）[单选题] *chuānchuànchuǎnchuán(正确答案)6、1想托人办事，可以说“请您帮忙”，也可以说“拜托您了”。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错7、含情脉脉中的脉读作（）[单选题] *māimǎimǒmò(正确答案)8、禅的正确读音是（）[单选题] *chànshàn(正确答案)chǎnshān9、“无名的雕塑家对年龄和面貌的差异有很深的认识，形象才会这样栩栩如生。
”对这个复句中分句之间的关系判断恰当的一项是（）[单选题] *假设关系条件关系因果关系(正确答案)递进关系10、下列词语中，加着重号字的注音不正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A、崎岖（qí）隐瞒（mán）恬淡(tián)B、糜烂（mí）莅临（lì）粘贴（zhān）C、筵席（yán）潜伏（qiǎn）惶惑（huáng）(正确答案)D、矗立（chù）矜持（jīn）赎罪（shú）11、3. 下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）[单选题] *A．奥斯特洛夫斯基的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》对于中国青年是不陌生的。
2013专升本考试【英语】真题及答案
2013 年安徽专升本考试《英语》试题注意事项：1.试卷共8页，用钢笔或者圆珠笔将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上一律无效。
2.答题前将答题纸上密封线内的项目填写清楚。
Part I Vocabulary and Structure (1 point each; 30 points in all) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.-Mary, thanks very much for your help.- , Have a good day.A.It’s OK.B. It’s my pleasure.C. Nothing particular.D. No problem.2. The owner of the stone his floor when I walked in.A. is sweepingB. sweepsC. was sweeping.D. swept3. Never ignore the impression you may make others.A. forB. onC. toD. with4. We’ll go for a picnic depends on the weather.A. WhetherB. IfC. ThatD. Why5. As he has been in America for 3years now, Hong Liang is for China.A. anxiousB. famousC. responsibleD. homesick6. American Global University is a private institution of higher learning, in June of 1996.A. foundingB. to foundC. having foundedD. founded7.I wish you come back to Beijing with us, but that’s for you to decide.A. willB. shouldC. wouldD. shall8.If you want to eat out, you’better call a restaurant and make .A. a reservationB. an effortC. a decisionD. a deal9.I’m terribly sorry. I seem to have my book at home.A. scatteredB. forgottenC. leftD. hidden10.April Fool’s day is a day people play jokes on friends.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. which11. Even as a child, Daisy was a(n) reader. She spent all of her pocket money on books.A. carefulB. patientC. keenD. efficient12.The ring has been in my family .It was my great -grandmother’s originally.A. handed downB. picked upC. left behindD. given out13. Sophia spoke softly that I could hardly hear her.A. veryB. ratherC. tooD. so14. We will have made full preparations for the ceremony tomorrow.A. when the guests will arriveB. when the guests arriveC. when will the guests arriveD. when are the guests arriving.15.-The newly published book is really good. I would not for a second to recommend it to my classmates.A. determineB. hesitateC. discussD. consider.16. The more people there are around them, fun the kids seem to have.A. MuchB. hesitateC. discussD. consider.17.Don’t be too formal .Plain, simple clothes are for school wear .A. attractiveB. mysteriousC. appropriateD. expensive18.-What does “encyclopedia ”mean, John?-Sorry, I have no idea. You’d better in the dictionary.A. Look it upB. look at itC. look into itD. look it over19. It was at university I first met Hopkins.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. that20.It’s been a really hard day today, so I should have a sleep tonight.A. shallowB. soundC. lightD. broken21.If you want to hold someone’s attention, look them in the eye ,but don’t stare.A. sharplyB. angrilyC. carefullyD. directly22. The between successful and unsuccessful people is that the former put into practice what they have learned, while the latter don’t .A. linkB. differenceC. balanceD. relationship23. Tom together with his friends to play basketball every Sunday afternoon.A. goB. goesC. has goneD. have gone24. I will never forget Mary, I saw her only once.A. thoughB. beforeC. whileD. as25. The two strangers met in Beijing and got married one month later.A. by chanceB. by ruleC. in turnD. in vain26. I turned to my coach for information on swimming skills, but got as he was away.A. fewB. someC. noneD. much27. Lucy seldom goes to the theatre, she?A. doesB. doesn‘t nd-thirdsC. Second-thirdD. two-thirds29. To my , this is one of the worst films I have even seen.A. satisfactionB. disappointmentC. reliefD. taste30.-Mike,I’m afraid it’s too late. I’d better be going now. -A. Quite wellB. Help yourselfC. Good jobD.S ee youPart II Cloze (1 point each;15 points in all )Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer-Sheet.Long ago there was a busy marketplace in a town. People came to buy and 31 all sorts of things there.One day an old man went to be 32 to buy some vegetables. He saw lots of people. 33 them was a young man, strong and fierce. Everyone was 34 him.In front of the strong man, there was a heavy rock. Some people tried to lift it but it was too35 for them.The strong man said, “Look at me. I can lift this heavy rock.”The man 36 and took hold of the heavy rock. He pulled and pulled. His face went redder and redder . Slowly he lifted the rock 37 his head to show off.“I am the 38 man in the world,” he cried.Then someone shouted, “You are like a buffalo( 水牛)! A buffalo is strong too! 39 hearing that ,all people laughed ,including the strong man himself .Just then the strong man saw the old man smiling at him. 40 but somewhat confused ,the young nlan shouted angrily, “Why are you amiling ? Are you stronger than I am ?”The old man said, “You may be very strong, 41 you are too proud . You should not 42 yourself. True ,a buffalo is strong, but it has no 43 !”The strong man felt foolish. He looked down at the ground and walked away, 44 he finally realized that it was better to be 45 than strong. After that ,no one was afraid of him any more.Part III Reading Comprehension ( 2 points each; 50 points in all )Section ADirections: There are four passages in this section. . Each passage is followed by five questions orincomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. You shoulddecide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer-Sheet.Passage 1A happy life and a meaningful life are not the same .Leading a happy life is associated with being a “taker”,while leading a meaningful life corresponds with being a “giver”.Happiness is about feeling good and getting what we want. People who are happy tent to think that life is easy. They are in good physical health and able to buy the things that they need and want. Happiness is about satisfying our needs and desires. The pursuit(追求) of happiness is often associated with selfish behavior. Animals have needs and desires and they can feel happy too. What sets human beings apart form animals is not the pursuit of happiness, but the pursuit of meaning, which is unique to humans.We can often find meaning in helping others or marking a sacrifice( 牺牲) for a “greater good”. Meaning often comes at the expense of happiness. When people have invested themselves in something bigger than themselves, they worry more and have higher levels of stress and anxiety in their lives than happy people. Volunteering ( 做义工） in rural schools, for example, is meaningful but also involves hardship.Happiness, like any emotion, is felt in the here and now --it eventually fades away .However, meaning is enduring. It connects the past to the present to the future.46.What is the main idea if the passage ？A. A happy life is basically different form a meaningful life.B. Leading a happy life is connected with being a “take”.C. Happiness is about feeling good and getting what we want.D. Meaning connected the past to the present to the future.47. Paragraph 2 tells us that the pursuit of happiness.A. sets humans apart form animalsB. is associated with selfish behaviorC. means to give up what one hasD. is unique to human being48. Form Paragraph 3 we know that.A. helping others can make our life meaningfulB. meaning comes together with happinessC. happy people have higher levels of anxietyD. volunteering in rural schools makes a happy life49. It is implied in Paragraph 4 that.A. meaning will disappear sooner or laterB. living a happy life means to be a “giver”C. happiness lasts a relatively short period of timeD. making a sacrifice for a “greater good” brings us happiness50. The passage is organized by.A. giving examplesB. making contrastsC. definingD. classifyingPassage 2Our traditional belief has it that morning larks are most likely to be healthy, wealthy and wise .But those who are to bed and early to rise do not always have the upper hand (占上风). Researchers have revealed that night owls(夜猫子) are generally brighter and wealthier than able to get up early in the morning.Experts examined the habits of 1,000 youngsters to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep in later in the morning, or preferred to go to bed early. School performance and inductive(归纳的) reasoning were measured and academic (学业的) ades in the major subjects were also taken into consideration.The results show that evening types score higher than morning types on inductive reason in which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and academic performance .The night owls also have a greater capacity to think conceptually (概念性地) and analyze. Such abilities have been linked to creative thinking, better jobs and higher incomes.Morning larks, however, often get better exam results in school, possibly because lessons are held at wrong time of day for night owls.51. The underlined expression”morning larks”in Paragraph 1refers to .A. birds which scream late at nightB. birds which sing early in the morningC. People who like to stay up late at nightD. people who are early to rise in the morning52. Traditionally, we hold that.A. Morning larks do not always have the upper handB. Nights owls are generally brighter and wealthierC. Morning larks tend to be healthy, wealthy and wiseD. Night owls often get better exam results in school53. Why did expels examine the teenagers on their habits?A. To measure their inductive reasoning.B. To measure their school performance.C. To determine whether they are night owls or not.D. To know their academic grades in major subjects.54. Paragraph 3 tells US that.A. night owls have a poorer capacity to analyzeB. night owls score higher on inductive reasoningC. morning larks are more likely to get better jobsD. morning larks are more likely to get higher incomes55. Morning larks often score higher in exams, possible because.A. they are generally brighterB. they are early to bed and early to riseC. they have a greater capacity to analyzeD. the arrangement of lessons fits their body clocksPassage 3While drunken driving may be decreasing, traffic safety experts remain troubled how to cope with another alcohol-related problem; drunken pedestrian( 行人) 。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)
绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题），第I卷第1页至第5页，第II卷第6页至第12页。
全卷满分300分。
第I卷（选择题共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
14．如图所示，细线的一端系一质量为m的小球，另一端固定在倾角为θ的光滑斜面体顶端，细线与斜面平行。
在斜面体以加速度a水平向右做匀加速直线运动的过程中，小球始终静止在斜面上，小球受到细线的拉力T和斜面的支持力为Fn分别为（重力加速度为g）A．T=m(gsinθ+ acosθ) Fn= m(gcosθ- asinθ)B．T=m(gsinθ+ acosθ) Fn= m(gsinθ- acosθ)C．T=m(acosθ- gsinθ) Fn= m(gcosθ+ asinθ)D．T=m(asinθ- gcosθ) Fn= m(gsinθ+ acosθ)15．图中a，b，c，d为四根与纸面垂直的长直导线，其横截面位于正方形的四个顶点上，导线中通有大小相同的电流，方向如图所示。
一带正电的粒子从正方形中心O点沿垂直于纸面的方向向外运动，它所受洛伦兹力的方向是A．向上B．向下C．向左D．向右16．如图所示，足够长平行金属导轨倾斜放置，倾角为37°，宽度为0.5m，电阻忽略不计，其上端接一小灯泡，电阻为1Ω。
一导体棒MV垂直于导轨放置，质量为0.2kg，接入电路的电阻为1Ω，两端与导轨接触良好，与导轨间的动摩擦因数为0.5.在导轨间存在着垂直于导轨平面的匀强磁场，磁感应强度为0.8T。
将导体棒MV由静止释放，运动一段时间后，小灯泡稳定发光，此后导体棒MV的运动速度以及小灯泡消耗的电功率分别为（重力加速度g取10m/s2，sin37°=0.6）A．2.5m/s 1WB．5m/s 1WC．7.5m/s 9WD．15m/s 9W17．质量为m的人造地球卫星与地心的距离为r时，引力势能可表示为，其中G为引力常量，M为地球质量。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)及化学试题解答
绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题），第I卷第1页至第5页，第II卷第6页至第12页。
全卷满分300分。
考生注意事项：1．答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中的姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。
务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。
2．答第I卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3．答第II卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上．．．．书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡的规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。
必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4．考试结束后，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I卷（选择题共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
以下数据可供解题时参考相对原子质量（原子量）：H1 C12 N14 O16 Ai27 S32 Cl35.5 Ce140 Pb2071.生物膜将真核细胞分隔成不同的区室，使得细胞内能够同时进行多种化学反应，而不会相互干扰。
下列叙述正确的是A．细胞核是mRNA合成和加工的场所B．高尔基体是肽链合成和加工的场所C．线粒体将葡萄糖氧化分解成CO2和H2OD．溶酶体合成和分泌多种酸性水解酶2.细胞代谢受酶的调节和控制。
下列叙述正确的是A．激素都是通过影响细胞内酶活性来调节细胞代谢B．代谢的终产物可反馈调节相关酶活性，进而调节代谢速度C．同一个体各种体细胞酶的种类相同、数量不同，代谢不同D．对于一个细胞来说，酶的总类和数量不会发生变化3.右图为第10粒水稻种子在成熟过程中于物质和呼吸速率变化的示意图。
安徽省专升本综合文科真题2013年
安徽省专升本综合文科真题2013年(总分：150.02，做题时间：90分钟)一、第一部分政治理论(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、单项选择题(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.“动中有静、静中有动”包含的哲学道理是______（分数：1.00）A.运动和静止的辩证统一√B.物质和运动的辩证统一C.形而上学和诡辩论的统一D.唯物论和辩证法的统一解析：2.唯物辩证法的实质和核心是______（分数：1.00）A.对立统一规律√B.质量互变规律C.否定之否定规律D.联系和发展解析：3.“从物到感觉和思想”与“从思想和感觉到物”的对立属于______（分数：1.00）A.辩证法和形而上学的对立B.经验论和唯理论的对立C.唯物主义反映论和唯心主义先验论的对立√D.能动的革命的反映论和直观的被动的反映论的对立解析：4.辩证唯物主义认为，认识的本质是______（分数：1.00）A.主体对各种认识要素的建构B.主体通过实践对客体的能动反映√C.主体对客体本质的内省D.主体对客体信息的选择解析：5.先进的社会意识之所以能对社会的发展起促进作用，是由于______（分数：1.00）A.它正确地反映了社会发展规律√B.它是社会存在的反映C.它具有相对独立性D.它具有历史继承性解析：6.科学发展观提出的现实基础是______（分数：1.00）A.我国在新世纪新阶段的阶段性特征√B.我国社会主义初级阶段的基本国情C.当代世界的发展实践和发展理念D.我国发展过程中出现的发展不平衡解析：7.社会主义的根本原则是______（分数：1.00）A.解放生产力，发展生产力B.消灭剥削，消除两极分化C.最终达到共同富裕D.坚持公有制为主体，实现共同富裕√解析：8.在改革中，我们必须始终坚持的两条根本原则是______（分数：1.00）A.坚持改革开放，增强综合国力B.发展生产，改善人民生活C.坚持公有制为主体，实现共同富裕√D.允许一部分人先富裕起来，“先富”帮助“后富”解析：9.坚持走社会主义市场经济的发展道路，建设中国特色社会主义经济，最重要的就是______（分数：1.00）A.以按劳分配为主体，坚持共同富裕B.充分发挥计划和市场两种手段的长处C.在宏观调控上，以实现最广大人民利益为出发点D.坚持社会主义基本制度与市场经济的结合√解析：10.建设中国特色社会主义文化，建设社会主义文化强国的关键是______（分数：1.00）A.培育有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的新人B.坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向和“百花齐放，百家争鸣”的方针C.加强思想道德建设和教育科学文化建设√D.大力发展文化事业和文化产业解析：11.实行“一国两制”后，台湾特别行政区比其他特别行政区享有更特殊的权力是______（分数：1.00）A.可以保留自己的军队√B.立法权C.独立的司法权和终审权D.行政管理权解析：12.新时期爱国统一战线的主体和基础是______（分数：1.00）A.大陆范围内建设者和爱国者的联盟B.大陆范围内全体劳动者、建设者和爱国者的联盟√C.大陆同台湾同胞，港澳同胞和海外侨胞的联盟D.大陆范围内全体劳动者同台湾同胞和海外侨胞的联盟解析：13.在五千多年的发展中，中华民族形成了以爱国主义为核心的团结统一、爱好和平、勤劳勇敢、自强不息的伟大民族精神。
2013年安徽省专升本《大学语文》真题及详解
A马克.吐温
B杰克.伦敦
C海明威
D欧.亨利Байду номын сангаас
答案:D
解析："含泪的微笑"是欧.亨利小说的创作风格，他的作品是喜剧形式和悲剧内涵的有机结合，"微笑"是其喜剧形式，故选D。
3.古文翻译题
1.夫如是，故远人不服，则修文德以来之。(《论语.季氏》)
答案:正确答案：远方的人还不归服，便再完善德政教化来使他们归顺。
A呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹
B青青子衿，悠悠我心
C何以解忧，唯有杜康
D周公吐哺，天下归心
答案:D
解析：关于"周公吐哺"的典故，据说周公自言："吾文王之子，武王之弟，成王之叔父也；又相天下，吾于天下亦不轻矣。然一沐三握发，一饭三吐哺，犹恐失天下之士。"故选D。
7.下列未被列入"唐宋八大家"的是( )
A曾巩
B欧阳修
13.《宝玉挨打》中，叫着贾珠哭道"若有你活着，便死一百个我也不管了"的是( )
A王夫人
B李纨
C薛宝钗
D贾母
答案:A
解析：《红楼梦》中宝玉挨打后，王夫人便叫着贾珠哭道"若有你活着，便死一百个我也不管了"，故选A。
14.鲁迅《风波》的历史背景是( )
A张勋复辟
B辛亥革命
C五四运动
D二次革命
答案:B
解析：《风波》是现代文学家鲁迅于1920年创作的短篇小说，收录于小说集《呐喊》中。小说通过对在江南某水乡发生的一场由辫子引起的风波的描写，反映了辛亥革命的不彻底性，揭示了当时封建帝制还在统治着农村、农民愚昧落后、缺乏民主和自由思想的状况；并由此说明今后的社会革命若不彻底改变民众的观念就难以成功，故选B。
【推荐】2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)
绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题），第I卷第1页至第14页，第II 卷第15页至第16页。
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意事项：1．答题前，务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中的姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。
务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。
2．答第I卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
书写，要求字体工3．答第II卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上．．．．整、笔迹清晰。
作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡的规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。
必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无．．．．．．．．．．．．效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4．考试结束后，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15B. £9.18C. £9.15答案是C1.What does the man want to do?A.Tae photosB.Boy a cameraC.Help the woman2.What are the speaers taling about?A. A noisy nightB.Their life in townC. A place of living3.Where is the man now?A.On his wayB.In a restaurantC.At home4.What will Celia do?A.Find a playerB.Watch a gameC.Play basetball5.What day is it when the conversation taes place?A.SaturdayB.SundayC.Monday第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)
高中物理学习材料（灿若寒星**整理制作）绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题），第I卷第1页至第5页，第II卷第6页至第12页。
全卷满分300分。
第I卷（选择题共120分）本卷共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
14．如图所示，细线的一端系一质量为m的小球，另一端固定在倾角为θ的光滑斜面体顶端，细线与斜面平行。
在斜面体以加速度a水平向右做匀加速直线运动的过程中，小球始终静止在斜面上，小球受到细线的拉力T和斜面的支持力为Fn分别为（重力加速度为g）A．T=m(gsinθ+ acosθ) Fn= m(gcosθ- asinθ)B．T=m(gsinθ+ acosθ) Fn= m(gsinθ- acosθ)C．T=m(acosθ- gsinθ) Fn= m(gcosθ+ asinθ)D．T=m(asinθ- gcosθ) Fn= m(gsinθ+ acosθ)15．图中a，b，c，d为四根与纸面垂直的长直导线，其横截面位于正方形的四个顶点上，导线中通有大小相同的电流，方向如图所示。
一带正电的粒子从正方形中心O点沿垂直于纸面的方向向外运动，它所受洛伦兹力的方向是A．向上B．向下C．向左D．向右16．如图所示，足够长平行金属导轨倾斜放置，倾角为37°，宽度为0.5m，电阻忽略不计，其上端接一小灯泡，电阻为1Ω。
一导体棒MV垂直于导轨放置，质量为0.2kg，接入电路的电阻为1Ω，两端与导轨接触良好，与导轨间的动摩擦因数为0.5.在导轨间存在着垂直于导轨平面的匀强磁场，磁感应强度为0.8T。
将导体棒MV由静止释放，运动一段时间后，小灯泡稳定发光，此后导体棒MV的运动速度以及小灯泡消耗的电功率分别为（重力加速度g取10m/s2，sin37°=0.6）A．2.5m/s 1WB．5m/s 1WC．7.5m/s 9WD．15m/s 9W17．质量为m的人造地球卫星与地心的距离为r时，引力势能可表示为，其中G为引力常量，M为地球质量。
(完整版)安徽专升本2013年真题
安徽省2013年普通高等学校专升本招生考试第二部分大学语文（第五至第八大题，共90分）五、单项选择题（下列每小题的选项中，只有一项符合题意，请将表示该选项的字母填写在答题纸上相应的位置，每小题1分，共15分）30.下列加点字的注音，全部正确的一组是（）A、亲昵(nì) 内疚(jiù) 拾金不昧(mèi)B、粗犷(kuàng) 矗(chù)立叱咤(chà)风云C、曝(pù)露碑帖(tiè) 否(fǒu)极泰来D、皈(fǎn)依绮(qǐ)丽殚(dān)精竭虑31.下列句子中，没有错别字的一项是（）A、黄山的风景与大别山的风景炯然不同B、刘谦以其精湛的魔术征服了无数观众C、李明荣获了全国软件设计大赛金奖，从此声名雀起D、中部六省博览会上的商品琳琅满目，客商纷至沓来32.下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）A、由于经济的快速发展，使我省居民收入不断增加B、观看了郭德纲的相声表演，大家忍俊不禁地笑了起来C、“苹果事件”表明，市场环境的好坏需要更加健全的法律法规D、如果每个人都能增强环保意识，实现“美丽中国”的目标就大有希望33.下列关于先秦诸子及其散文的表述，正确的一项是（）A、庄子的核心思想是积极有为B、《庄子》又称《南华经》，是道家学派的经典C、《论语》是孔子所著的一部语录体散文集D、《老子》的语言汪洋恣肆，在先秦散文中艺术成就最高34.下列诗歌属于汉乐府诗的一项是（）A、《兵车行》B、《孔雀东南飞》C、《木兰辞》D、《西洲曲》35.《登幽州台歌》的作者是（）A、李白B、岑参C、陆游D、陈子昂36.“人生代代无穷已，江月年年望相似”出自（）A、张若虚《春江花月夜》B、王昌龄《出塞》C、李煜《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）D、苏轼《水调歌头》（明月几时有）37.下列关于唐宋八大家及其散文的叙述，不正确的是（）A、柳宗元的《始得西山宴游记》是其“永州八记”中的一篇B、韩愈是唐代古文运动中的代表人物，其散文气势充沛C、范仲淹的《游褒禅山记》议论透辟精警D、欧阳修的《朋党论》提出了“小人无朋，惟君子则有之”的观点38.辛弃疾的的代表作是（）A、《渔家傲》（塞下秋来风景异）B、《八声甘州》（对潇潇暮雨洒江天）C、《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》D、《鹊桥仙》（纤云弄巧）39.下列关于【般步调·哨遍】《高祖还乡》的表述，正确的是（）A、这篇作品的体材是杂剧B、作者是元代文学家关汉卿C、作品塑造了一个深受人民爱戴的英明君主形象D、作品立足于平民百姓的视角，化神圣为滑稽，产生了强烈的反讽效果40.下列关于张岱的表述，正确的是（）A、他的代表作是《报刘一丈书》B、他是宋代著名文学家C、他著有《陶庵梦忆》D、他是公安派的领袖41.下列关于《婴宁》的表述，不正确的是（）A、这是一篇文言小说，出自《聊斋志异》B、作者是清代著名文学家吴敬梓C、作品塑造了一个天真烂漫、娇憨狡黠的女性形象D、文中多处写到婴宁拈花而笑，以鲜花衬托婴宁的美，使人物形象鲜明丰满42.下列关于鲁迅《伤逝》的表述，不正确的是（）A、这篇小说充满了浓郁的乡土气息B、这篇小说采用了“手记体”的形式C、“人必生活着，爱才有所附丽”是文章的点睛之笔D、小说深刻揭示了造成涓生、子君爱情悲剧的原因43.下列作品中，体裁是诗歌的是（）A、《我所知道的康桥》B、《听听那冷雨》C、《道士塔》D、《致橡树》44.下列作家、作品、国别对应正确的是（）A、培根《论学问》俄国B、爱因斯坦《我们的宇宙图像》美国C、东山魁夷《听泉》日本D、朱自清《故都的秋》中国六、文言文翻译（请将下列每小题中划线部分译成现代汉语，并写在答题纸上相应的位置，每小题3分，共15分）45、晋公子重耳之及于难也，晋人伐诸蒲城。
安徽省专升本计算机基础真题2013年_真题-无答案
安徽省专升本计算机基础真题2013年(总分150,考试时间90分钟)<b>单项选择题</b>1. 个人计算机又称为PC机，属于______计算机。
A. 微型B. 小型C. 中型D. 大型2. 1946年2月，世界上第一台电子计算机______诞生在美国。
A. 银河B. IBM3400C. 深蓝D. ENIAC3. 下列选项中，______是计算机的输入设备。
A. 投影仪B. 扫描仪C. 显示器D. 打印机4. 下列选项中，______决定个人计算机的性能和档次。
A. 硬盘B. 中央处理器C. 显示器D. 机箱5. 在表示计算机的存储器容量时，“1MB”等于______个字节。
A. 1000B. 1000×1024C. 1024×1024D. 10246. 使用计算机上网查询考试成绩，是计算机在______领域的应用。
A. 科学计算B. 自动控制C. 信息处理D. 人工智能7. 下列选项中，______不属于应用软件。
A. ExcelB. LinuxC. WordD. Photoshop8. 下列字符中，______的ASCII码值最大。
A. "A"B. "B"C. "a"D. "b"9. 下列数据中，______可能是二进制数A. 2761B. 1A42C. 2022D. 101110. 计算机工作时，不要将物品覆盖在主机箱和显示器上的目的是A. 防止计算机断电B. 防止计算机数据丢失C. 有利于计算机通风散热D. 有利于计算机数据传输11. 按键盘上的______键，可以改变字母大写/小写状态。
A. Caps LockB. CtrlC. AltD. Tab12. 在当前市场上，购买一台主流配置个人计算机的费用在______元人民币左右。
A. 4000B. 10000C. 15000D. 2000013. 当前使用的计算机仍然是基于______提出的“存储程序”原理为基础的结构。
安徽专升本公共课英语2013真题
安徽省2013年普通高校专升本招生考试英语注意事项：1.试卷共分8页，请用黑色签字笔答题，答案写在答题纸上相应的位置。
写在试卷上无效。
2.答题之前请将答题纸上密封线内的项目填写完整。
Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (1 point each;30 points in all)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one，by deciding on the most appropriate answer from the four choices marked A、B、C and D ,and then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. —— Mary, thanks very much for your help.—— ______. Have a good day.A. It’s OKB. It’s my pleasur eC. Nothing particularD. No problem2. The owner of the store ______ his floor when I walked in.A. is sweepingB. sweepsC. was sweepingD. swept3. Never ignore the impression you may make ______ others.A. forB. onC. toD. with4. ______ we’ll go for a picnic depends on the weather.A. WhetherB. IfC. ThatD. Why5. As he has been in America for 3 years now, Hong Liang is ______ for China.A. anxiousB. famousC. responsibleD. homesick6. American Global University is a private institution of higher learning, ______ in June of 1996.A. foundingB. to foundC. having foundedD. founded7. I wish you ______come back to Beijing with us, but that’s for you to decide.A. willB. shouldC. wouldD. shall8. If you want to eat out, you’d better call a restaurant and make ______.A. a reservationB. an effortC. a decisionD. a deal9. I’m terribly sorry. I seem to have ______ my book at home.A. scatteredB. forgottenC. leftD. hidden10. April Fool’s day is a day ______ people play jokes on friends.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. which11. Even as a child, Daisy was a(n) ______reader. She spent all of her pocket money on books.A. carefulB. patientC. keenD. efficient12. The ring has been ______ in my family. It was my great-grandmot her’s originally.A. handed downB. picked upC. left behindD. given out13. Sophia spoke ______ softly that I could hardly hear her.A. veryB. ratherC. tooD. so14. We will have made full preparations for the ceremony ______ tomorrow.A. when the guests will arriveB. when the guests arriveC. when will the guests arriveD. when are the guests arriving15. The newly published book is really good. I would not ______ for a second to recommend it to my classmates.A. determineB. hesitateC. discussD. consider16. The more people there are around them, ______ fun the kids seem to have.A. muchB. moreC. the mostD. the more17. Don’t be too formal. Plain, sim ple clothes are ______ for school wear.A. attractiveB. mysteriousC. appropriateD. expensive18. ——What does “encyclopedia” mean, John?——Sorry, I have no idea. You’d better ______ in the dictionary.A. look it upB. look at itC. look into itD. look it over19. It was at university ______ I first met Hopkins.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. that20. It’s been a really hard day today, so I should have a _______ sleep tonight.A. shallowB. soundC. lightD. broken21. If you want to hold someone’s attention, look them _______ in the eye, but don’t stare.A. sharplyB. angrilyC. carefullyD. directly22. The ______ between successful and unsuccessful people is that the former put into practice what they have learned, while the latter don’t.A. linkB. differenceC. balanceD. relationship23. Tom together with his friends ______ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon.A. goB. goesC. has goneD. have gone24. I will never forget Mary, ______ I saw her only once.A. thoughB. beforeC. whileD. as25. The two strangers met ______ in Beijing and got married one month later.A. by chanceB. by ruleC. in turnD. in vain26. I turned to my coach for information on swimming skills, but got ______ as he was away.A. fewB. someC. noneD. much27. Lucy seldom goes to the theatre, ______ she?A. doesB. doesn’tC. isD. isn’t28. ______ of the earth’s surface is covered with water.A. Two-thirdB. Second-thirdsC. Second-thirdD. Two-thirds29. To my ______, this is one of the worst films I’ve ever se en.A. satisfactionB. disappointmentC. reliefD. taste30. ——Mike, I’m afraid it’s too late. I’d better be going now.——______ I’ll call you later.A. Quite wellB. Help yourselfC. Good jobD. See youPart ⅡCloze(1 point each; 15 points in all)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are for choices marked A ,B ,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Long ago there was a busy marketplace in a town. People came to buy and __31___all sortsof things there.One day an old man went to the __32__to buy some vegetables. He saw lots of people _33__ them was a young man, strong and fierce. Everyone was __34__him.In front of the strong man, there was a heavy rock. Some people tried to lift it but it was too ___35__for them.The strong man said:” Look at me.I can lift this heavy rock.”The man __36__ and took hold of the heavy rock. He pulled and pulled. His face went redder and redder. Slowly he lifted the rock __37__his head to show off.“I am the __38__ man in the world,” he cried.Then someone shouted, “You are like a buffalo(水牛)! A buffalo is strong too!” _39__hearing that, all people laughed ,including the strong man himself.Just then the strong man saw the old man smiling at him. __40__ but somewhat confused, the young man shouted angrily,. “Why are you smiling ? Are you stronger than I am?”The old man said, “ You may be very strong.__41__ you are too proud. You should not __42__ yourself. True, a buffalo is strong, but it has no ___43__!”The strong man felt foolish. He looked down at the ground and walked away. __44__he finally realized that it was better to be __45__ than strong. After that, no one was afraid of him anymore.31. A. check B. beg C. sell D. rent32. A. shop B. market C. mall D. farm33. A. Among B. Around C. Inside D. Between34. A. respectful of B. afraid of C. surprised at D. satisfied with35. A. high B. big C. hard D. heavy36. A. bent forward B. sat down C. turned back D. Stood straight37. A. beyond B. beside C. under D. above38. A. strongest B. brightest C. tallest D. heaviest39. A. At B. With C. On D. In40. A. Proud B. Stupid C. Selfish D. Polite41. A. so B. for C. or D. but42. A. talk about B. laugh at C. speak to D. smile at43. A. meaning B. courage C. power D. sense44. A. though B. as C. lest D. if45. A. fierce B. young C. wise D. funnyPart ⅢReading Comprehension (2 points each; 50 points in all)Section ADirections: There are four passages in this section. Each passage is followed by five questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A、B、C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1A happy life and a meaningful life are not the same. Leading a happy life is associated with being a “taker”, while leading a meaningful life corresponding with being a “giver”.Happiness is about feeling good and getting what we want. People who are happy tend to think that life is easy. They are in good physical health and able to buy the things that they needoften associated with selfish behavior. Animals have needs and desires and they can feel happy too. What sets human beings apart from animals is not the pursuit of happiness, but the pursuit of meaning, which is unique to humans.We can often find meaning in helping others or making a sacrifice(牺牲) for a “greater good”. Meaning often comes at the expense of happiness. When people have invested themselves in something bigger than themselves, they worry more and higher levels of stress and anxiety in their lives than happy people. Volunteering(做义工) in rural schools, for example, is meaningful but also involves hardship.Happiness, like any emotion, is felt in the here and now--it eventually fades away. However, meaning is enduring. It connects the past to the future.46. What is the main idea of the passage?A. A happy life is basically different from a meaningful life.B. Leading a happy life is connected with being a “taker”.C. Happiness is about feeling good and getting what we want.D. Meaning connects the past to the present to the future.47. Paragraph 2 tells us that the pursuit of happiness_____.A. sets humans apart from animalsB. is associated with selfish behaviorC. means to give up what one hasD. is unique to human beings48. From Paragraph 3 we know that_____.A. helping others can make our life meaningfulB. meaning comes together with happinessC. happy people have higher levels of anxietyD. volunteering in rural schools makes a happy life49. It is implied in Paragraph 4 that _____.A. meaning will disappear sooner or laterB. living a happy life means to be a “giver”C. happiness lasts a relatively short period of timeD. mak ing a sacrifice for a “greater good” brings us happiness50. The passage is organized by_____.A. giving examplesB. making contrastsC. definingD. classifying Passage 2Our traditional belief has it that morning larks are most likely to be healthy, wealthy and wise. But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have the upper hand（占上风）.Researchers have revealed that night owls（夜猫子）are generally brighter and wealthier than those able to get up early in the morning.Experts examined the habits of 1,000 youngsters to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep in later in the morning, or preferred to go to bed early. School performance and inductive（归纳的）reasoning were measured and academic（学业的）grades in the major subjects were also taken into consideration.The results show that evening types score higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and academic performance. The night owls also have a greater capacity to think conceptually（概念性地）and analyze. Suchabilities have been linked to creative thinking, better jobs and higher incomes.Morning larks, however, often get better exam results in school, possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls.51. The underlined expression “morning larks” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.A. birds which scream late at nightB. birds which sing early in the morningC. people who like to stay up late at nightD. people who are early to rise in the morning52. Traditionally, we hold that ________.A. morning larks do not always have the upper handB. night owls are generally brighter and wealthierC. morning larks tend to be healthy, wealthy and wiseD. night owls often get better exam results in school53. Why did experts example the teenagers on their habits?A. To measure their inductive reasoningB. To measure their school performanceC. To determine whether they are night owls or notD. To know their academic grades in major subjects54. Paragraph 3 tells us that ________.A. night owls have a poorer capacity to analyzeB. night owls score higher on inductive reasoningC. morning larks are more likely to get better jobsD. morning larks are more likely to get higher incomes55. Morning larks often score higher in exams, possibly because ________.A. they are generally brighterB. they are early to bed and early to riseC. they have a greater capacity to analyzeD. the arrangement of lessons fits their body clocksPassage 3While drunken driving may be decreasing, traffic safety experts remain troubled how to cope with another alcohol-related problem: drunken pedestrians（行人）. Studies have shown that pedestrians injured and killed by cars are often extremely drunk.Some types of pedestrian accidents have been decreasing in the U.S., especially those involving children, but the number of drunken adult pedestrians killed in traffic has remained relatively constant at 2,500 a year. The total number of pedestrians killed annually in traffic accidents is at least 7,000 or one of every seven highway deaths.Students have revealed some of the causes, including a lack of adult supervision（监督）for children, long delays in traffic signals that encourage jaywalking（无视交通规则任意行走），less attention paid to pedestrian accidents in the past, and few methods to regulate walking habits. However, the most challenging problem, according to some experts, is alcohol-related. Although puzzled, researchers are making great efforts to find ways to fight against the drunken pedestrian accidents.56. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Causes for Traffic AccidentsB. Drunken pedestrian AccidentsC. Severe Highway Safety ProblemsD. Consequences of Drunken Driving57. The annual number of highway deaths is about ________.A. 49,000B. 7,000C. 2,500D. 1,00058. Among the causes for walkers’ accidents, the most challenging is ________.A. long delays in traffic signalsB. drunken pedestriansC. lack of adult supervision for childrenD. few methods to regulate walking habits59. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Drunken driving is getting more seriousB. Pedestrian accidents involving children are on the riseC. Effective measures have been taken to regulate walking habitsD. Long delays in traffic signals may encourage walkers to break traffic regulations60. The coming paragraph will probably discuss how to cope with ________.A. drunken drivingB. drunken jaywalkingC. alcohol-related pedestrian accidentsD. traffic accidents involving childrenPassage 4In writing Smart Thinking, I myself learnt as much as I would hope for its readers. So it was an easy decision to produce a new edition.This second edition reflects my experiences of teaching with Smart Thinking over the years since it was first published. In revising it, I have found that much of the first edition remains valuable, and that students have learnt much from it. But I have also made some significant changes. Greater assistance has been provided in the earlier chapters of this edition to help readers with the more complicated skills, and later chapters on reasoning and on research have been expanded. The final chapter is now a fully worked example of the skills, offering a model of the power of the approach I am outlining. I would hope that readers will now find the journey towards greater ability in critical thinking and reasoning a little bit easier, and with a clearer goal ahead.61. The author of the passage is ________.A. a teacherB. a publisherC. a reporterD. a bookseller62. Which of the following is true of the first edition of Smart Thinking?A. It has been revised several times over the years.B. The decision to produce its new edition is difficult.C. It fails to help its readers improve their thinking skills.D. Writing it is a kind of learning for the author herself.63. In the second edition of the book, ________.A. a chapter on research has been added.B. the chapter on reasoning has been canceled.C. an example of thinking skills has been provided.D. the content of the first edition has been excluded.64. The final chapter of the second edition ________.A. deals with reasoningB. provides a modelA. focuses on research D. sets a new goal65. The passage is most probably a part of ________.A. a public speech on writingB. a composition on smart thinkingC. a report on research findingsD. an introduction to a bookSection BDirections: The following is a short passage about healthy habits for TV. After reading the passage, you are required to complete each of the five statements within three words. The answers should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Television, if under proper supervision（监督）, can be an excellent source of education and entertainment for kids. But too much time on TV can have unhealthy side effects. Here are some practical ways to make kids’ TV time more effective.●Stock the room in which you have your TV with plenty of other non-screenentertainment to encourage kids to do something other than watch TV.●Treat TV as a privilege（特权）kids need to earn. Tell them that TV viewing is allowed onlyafter their homework has been completed.●Choose shows that develop your kids’interest in hobbies and learning. Then previewthe programs to make sure they’re proper before your kids watch them.●Come up with a family TV schedule. Make sure to turn off the TV when the “scheduled”programs are over instead of watching something else on TV.●Watch TV with your kids and talk to them about what they see on TV and share yourown beliefs and values, asking them thought-provoking（发人深省的）questions.66. Proper supervision can make ________ more effective.67. Non-screen entertainment can encourage kids to do something else rather than ________.68. Allow kids to watch TV only after they have completed their ________.69. Before your kids watch TV, you should preview programs to ensure that shows chosen are________.70. While watching TV, you should take the opportunity to share your own ________ with yourkids.Part IV Translation (5 points each; 30 points in all)Directions: You are required to read the following passage and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Remember to write your translation in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.While (71) “Tiger Mom”once aroused a huge wave of debate around the world, the opposite method from Finland’s education system is also drawing widespread attention. This kind of educational mode is called “Sheep Mom”.“ Sheep Mom” refers to an extensive way of education that sets only basic objectives but no core syllabus (教学大纲). (72) Teachers can feel free to use any teaching method as long as most children can reach the goals. (73) People in Finland firmly believe that education as a “service”and children are “customers”. (74) Since the education mode in Finland is basically like “sheep-herding”（放羊）, it is also called “Sheep Mom”.The result of “sheep-herding” cannot be underestimated（低估）in the last four international Program for International Students Assessment (PISA) tests, students from Finland all ranked in the top three in math, reading and science. (75) This report not only surprised the world, but also shocked people in Finland. (76) In other words, Finland’s education system, which least encourages competition, cultivates the most competitive children.Part V Writing (25 points)Directions: You are required to write A Letter of Appeal according to the given information in more than 100 words. Remember to write it in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.假定目前校园内事物、水电浪费现象严重。
2013年(安徽卷)解析版1 Word版含答案
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）理科综合能力测试7、我国科学家研制出一中催化剂，能在室温下高效催化空气中甲醛的氧化，其反应如下：HCHO+O2催化剂CO2+H2O。
下列有关说法正确的是A．该反应为吸热反应B．CO2分子中的化学键为非极性键C．HCHO分子中既含α键又含π键D．没生成1.8gH2O消耗2.24L O2【答案】C==,【解析】A、本质上为甲醛的燃烧反应，所以为放热反应；B、二氧化碳结构式为O C O 为极性键；C、甲醛中，含有碳氧双键，故期中既含有σ键又含有π键，正确；D、未说明标准状况下，故不一定为2.24L，错误。
8、实验室中某些气体的制取、收集及尾气处理装置如图所示（省略夹持和净化装置）。
仅用选项A中的物质B中的物质C中收集的气体D中的物质A 浓氨水CaO NH3H2OB 浓硫酸Na2SO3SO2NaOH溶液C 稀硝酸Cu NO2H2OD 浓盐酸MnO2Cl2NaOH溶液【答案】B【解析】A、氨气的收集应使用向下排空气法，而图中为向上排空气法，错误；B、正确；C、铜与稀硝酸反应生成NO，而题目要求收集NO,错误；D、缺少加热装置，错误。
9、下列分子或离子在指定的分散系中能大量共存的一组是A．银氨溶液：Na+、K+、NO3-、NH3·H2OB．空气：C2H2、CO2、SO2、NOC．氢氧化铁胶体：H+、K+、S2-、B r-D．高锰酸钾溶液：H+、Na+、SO42-、葡萄糖分子【答案】A【解析】A、可以共存；B、NO易被空气中氧气氧化生成NO2，不能共存；C、氢氧化铁的胶体在酸性条件下不能共存，另外Fe(OH)3胶体可氧化S2-不能共存；D、高锰酸根在酸性条件下具有强氧化性，葡萄糖具有还原性，能发生氧化还原反应不能大量共存。
10、热激活电池可用作火箭、导弹的工作电源。
一种热激活电池的基本结构如图所示，其中作为电解质的无水LiCl-KCl混合物受热熔融后，电池即可瞬间输出电能。
2003-2013年安徽省专升本英语真题
2003-2013年安徽省专升本英语真题一、1.Phonetics0.(1)A．castleB．listenC．softenD．costly1.(2)A．sweatB．wheatC．meatD．neatly2.(3)A．shootB．bloodC．roofD．tool3.(4) A．acceptB．receiptC．campD．empty4.(5)A．exactB．taxiC．exceptD．exercise5.(6) A．weightB．eightC．heightD．neighbor6.(7) A．literatureB．matureC．natureD．feature7.(8)A．fourB．courseC．sourceD．pour8.(9) A．encounterB．fountainC．backgroundD．countryside 9.(10) A．entertuainB．obtainC．certainD．contain二、2.Vocabulary and StructurePart I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.0. Be careful, because that knife is very______.A．fastB．hardC．quickD．sharp1. "I missed the train home last night.""So ______"A．have IB．I haveC．did ID．I did2. Why did they refuse to take your suggestion ______ account?A．inB．intoC．forD．under3. A completely new situation will ______ when the examination system comes into existence.A．ariseB．riseC．raiseD．arouse4. My English teacher ______ me to try for a position at university.A．insistedB．persistedC．encouragedD．proposed5. There was a loud crash as the door broke, and in ______ the police.A．did comeB．cameC．have comeD．they came6. It was ______ that a hundred people looked lost in it.A．so a large roomB．a so large roomC．such a large roomD．such large a room7. There is no easy ______ to the problem.A．resultB．consequenceC．solutionD．reason8. With the help of the foreign experts, the factory produced ______ cars in 2001 as the year before.A．as twice manyB．as many as twiceC．as twice as manyD．twice as many9. "When can we come to visit you?""Any time you feel ______"A．like itB．for itC．toD．so10. He came here ______ for making more money ______ for working with you.A．not... yetB．not because of... butC．not... butD．except... but11. He came to the party, ______ he hadn"t been invited.A．in caseB．in spite ofC．evenD．although12. "I"d like to buy a digital camera.""Well, we have several models ______."A．to choose fromB．of choiceC．to be chosenD．for choosing13. She was so ______ in her job that she didn"t hear the phone ring.A．attractedB．absorbedC．drawnD．concentrated14. No sooner had he sat down to lunch ______. there was a knock at the door.A．whenB．thatC．asD．than15. The clock ______ and we realized it was two o" clock.A．hitB．struckC．turnedD．rang16. ______, we are determined to learn it well.A．No matter how English is difficultB．However difficult English isC．No matter English may be difficult or notD．However English is difficult17. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of ______.A．holdB．reachC．placeD．hand18. He offered to ______. her a hand, for the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.A．helpB．showC．lendD．borrow19. They did excellent work; ______ they deserve to be praised.A．thereforeB．butC．howeverD．still20. "Do you have to leave?""Sorry, but I really ______."A．haveB．had toC．do soD．must21. I like black coffee so much, the stronger it is,______.A．I like it betterB．the more I likeC．the better I like itD．I like it more22. That was the second time I ______ China that year.A．have visitedB．had visitedC．would visitD．was visiting23. "We"re late. The play has started.""I wonder how long ago______."A．did it beginB．it beganC．was it beginningD．it has begun24. The medicine is on sale everywhere, you can get it at ______ chemist"s.A．bothB．someC．certainD．any25. "Shall I help you with the washing-up?""Don"t ______. I"ll do it later."A．troubleB．botherC．worryD．disturb26. He was determined to ______ the cause of the food spoilage.A．find outB．figure outC．look afterD．turn back27. His car broke down when he was only ______ home.A．a half wayB．half. a wayC．half wayD．half way to28. It was his doctor who advised that he ______ his job.A．changedB．changeC．would changeD．had changed29. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature ______.A．takenB．takingC．tookD．take30. They don"t ______ students run in the corridors.A．allowB．permitC．acceptD．let31. The daily news reported that 305 people ______ with SARS in Guangdong Province.A．has ecome infectedB．has become infectingC．had become infectedD．had become infecting32. The old couple decided to ______ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A．adaptB．receiveC．bringD．adopt33. How many countries will ______ in the 2008 Olympic Games?A．participateB．playC．takeD．have34. I can hardly stand ______ a piano ______ so badly.A．hearing... being playedB．hearing... playingC．to hear... playingD．to hear... play35. ______, the workers continued their work in the open.A．Heavy as was the rainB．As the rain was heavyC．As heavy was the rainD．Heavy as the rain was36. ______ does Mr Robinson go to London on business?A．How manyB．How longC．How oftenD．How usually37. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain ______ after the body has the right amounts of water and salt.A．disappearB．disappearingC．disappearedD．disappears38. When a fire ______ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A．broke offB．broke outC．broke downD．broke up39. ______ a big stone on the road, the truck stopped.A．SeeingB．Having seenC．SeenD．The driver seeing三、3.Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.1.It was a case of emergency. The four-year-old girl awoke and smelled smoke. She couldn’t wake her mother, so she dialed "zero" An operator immediately called the fire department. Help was sent, and a tragedy avoided. Days before this emergency, the mother had taught her child how to telephone for help. Children as young as two andone-half years old can be taught to use the phone in emergency situations. Here are some points. Memorizing certain facts is important. Teach your children their names, and the section of town where you live. Try to keep what they learn within their abilities. Simple information, learned well, is better than difficult information only partly learned. Be sure your children know how to use the telephone. They should be taught to dial "zero" for the operator, at the very least. And they should be taught to dial "911" if it is used in your town. Practice over a period of several days. Over-learning is necessary so the child can act automatically in case of emergency. If you would like a booklet giving instructions on calling for help, write Telephone For Help, BOX 99, Bowling Green Station, New York, NY 10004. From this passage, why is it a good idea for children to learn how to use the telephone?A．Children have fun dialing.B．Emergencies happen without warning.C．Children can wake their parents.D．Dialing can help children with their math study.2. Based on this passage, over-learning is good because ______.A．simple information is usedB．children should know their namesC．it helps children act automaticallyD．difficult information is only partly learned3. Paragraph 4 talks about dialing "911". This number is probably______.A．the operatorB．an emergency numberC．a practice number for childrenD．used to keep children calm4. One thing the passage does NOT tell you to do is ______.A．call your neighborB．practice several timesC．teach children how to use the telephoneD．have children memorize some simple facts5. What is the main idea of the passage?A．Give instructions on calling for help.B．Partly-learned information is useless.C．Teach children how to deal with emergencies.D．Keep what children learn within their abilities.7.I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember something about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived on the day when the war in Europe ended. We had not suffered much from the war there. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "bef6re the war" and "when the war’s over". "Before the war", apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why, except that there had been no bombsthen, and people had eaten things like ice-cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over we would go back to London, but this meant little to me. I did not remember what London was like. What I remember now about VE ( Victory in Europe) Day was the May evening. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire (大火堆), so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very high, and somehow people had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache (胡子) they had to put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames rose and soon swallowed the "guy". Everyone was cheering and shouting, and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep it going. I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing, either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remembering the end of that At last he said, "Well, that"s it, son. Let"s hope that this time it really will be the last one." Where did the author live before the Second World War?A．In London.B．In a small town.C．In Europe.D．In the countryside.8. What kind of food had the author certainly not tasted during the war?A．BreadB．Butter.C．Meat.D．Ice cream and bananas.9. The unmistakable figure with the moustache most probablyrepresents ______.A．those who died in the warB．those who had wonC．an imaginary figureD．the most hated person in the war-Hitler10. Which of the following statements is true?A．The author"s father built a bonfire on VE Day.B．The author"s father had fought in the First World warC．The author"s father had fought in the Second World War.D．The author"s father threw two chairs on the fire to keep it going.11. By saying "Let"s hope that this time it really will be the last one", the father meant that ______.A．he wished people had not built the bonfireB．he hoped people would not build any more bonfiresC．he hoped there would be no more wars in the worldD．he wished the Second World War had not happened13.At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water; the temperature at night is below -50℃and winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form. of life long time ago. At that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer;and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists. Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced. The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun’s heat in the planet"s atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), simple plants could begin to grow, These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there. Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because ______.A．there is no life there nowB．there is a large amount of water at the polesC．the Mars may be able to support life in the futureD．conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth14. There could be life on the Mars in the future if ______.A．it supported life in the pastB．certain gases are used to cool the planetC．the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple plantsD．the planet’s volcanoes become as active as they were in the past15. People may be able to live on the Mars ______.A．within the next 200,000 yearsB．only 200,000 years from nowC．only 150,000 years from nowD．as soon as the planet becomes cool enough16. The author"s attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is______.A．doubtfulB．positiveC．negativeD．uninterested17. Which is the best title for this passage?A．The Possibility of Life on the MarsB．Future Conditions on the MarsC．The Mars and the EarthD．A Study of the Climate of the Mars19.It is physically impossible for a wall-educated intellectual, or a brave man to make money the chief object of his thoughts; as physically impossible as it is for him to make his dinner the principal object of them. All healthy people like their dinner, but their dinner is not the main object of their lives. So all healthy-minded people like making money--ought to like it and to enjoy the satisfaction of winning it; but the main object of their lives is not money; it is something better than money. A good soldier, for instance, mainly wishes to do his fighting well. He is glad of his pay--very properly so, and just complains when you keep him ten months without it; still, his main opinion of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them. So of doctors. They like fees no doubt--ought to like them; yet if they are brave and well educated, the entire object of their lives is not fees. They would rather cure their patient and lose theirfees than kill him and get it. And so with all other brave and rightly trained men; their work is first, their fees second, very important always, but still second. The main idea of this passage is that ______.A．money matters more than workB．money is not necessary at allC．money is as important as workD．money comes second to work in importance20. The passage implies that healthy-minded people best enjoy______.A．the happiness of accomplishing their workB．the satisfaction of making moneyC．the pleasure of having their dinnerD．the fun of fighting battles21. According to the author, a good soldier ______.A．dislikes his payB．ignores his payC．ought to enjoy his payD．doesn’t complain when kept without pay for months22. The author believes that a good doctor_____.A．makes money the entire object of his lifeB．places curing his patient above allC．doesn"t like making moneyD．enjoys his work only23. Which of the following is the chief technique used by the author to support his argument？A．Sharp contrastB．Logical reasoningC．Detailed descriptionD．Illustration with examples四、4.ClozePart IV ClozeDirections: There are some blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passages. Then, mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.It was a quarter past nine as Marie hurried into the office building where she was going to work. Her bus moved slowly along through【C1】______morning traffic, making her a few minutes late for her very first job. She decided to start out half an hour earlier the next day. Once inside the hall she had to stand at the elevators and wait several minutes 【C2】______ she could get on one to go to the sixth floor. When she finally reached the office marked "King Enterprises, "‘she knocked at the door nervously and waited. There was no answer. She knocked again, but still there was no reply.【C3】______inside the next office, she could hear the sound of voices, so she opened the door and went in. Although she was sure it was the same office she had been in two weeks before when she had had the interview with Mr. King, it looked quite difterent now. In fact, it【C4】______looked like an office at all. The employees were just standing around 【C5】______. At the far end of the room, somebody 【C6】______have just told a good joke, she thought, because there was a loud burst of laughter as she came in. For a moment she had thought they were laughing at her. Then one of the men looked at his watch,【C7】______ his hands and said something to the others.Quickly they all wentto their desks and, in a matter of seconds, everyone was hard at work. No one paid any, attention to Marie. Finally she went up to the man who was sitting at the desk nearest to the door and explained that this was her first day in the office. Hardly 【C8】______from his work, he told her to have a seat and wait for Mr. King, who would arrive【C9】______ . Then Marie realized that the day"s work in the office began just before Mr. King arrived. Later she found out that he lived in Connecticut and came into Manhattan on the【C10】______train every morning, arriving in the office at 9: 35 a. m. , so that his staff knew exactly when to start working. 【C1】A．lightB．heavyC．strongD．serious2. 【C2】A．sinceB．untilC．afterD．before3. 【C3】A．FromB．ThroughC．AtD．Over4. 【C4】A．muchB．somewhatC．hardlyD．roughly5. 【C5】A．chatting and smokedB．chatting and smokingC．chatted and smokingD．chatted and smoked6. 【C6】A．shouldB．couldC．mightD．must7. 【C7】A．clappedB．touchedC．feltD．shook8. 【C8】A．looking upB．looking forC．looking downD．looking out9. 【C9】A．at one momentB．at the last momentC．at the momentD．at any moment10. 【C10】A．busyB．longC．sameD．empty五、5.WritingPart VII Writing0.写信邀请朋友参加你的生日聚会。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (安徽卷)
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (安徽卷)安徽卷(理科)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟． 参考公式：如果事件A 与B 互斥，那么P (A ＋B )＝P (A )＋P (B )； 如果事件A 与B 相互独立，那么P (AB )＝P (A )P (B )．第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)1．设i 是虚数单位，z －是复数z 的共轭复数，若z ·z －i ＋2＝2z ，则z ＝( )A ．1＋iB ．1－iC ．－1＋iD ．－1－i2．如图所示，程序框图(算法流程图)的输出结果是( )A.16B.2524C.34D ．11123．在下列命题中，不是公理的是( )A ．平行于同一个平面的两个平面相互平行B ．过不在同一条直线上的三点，有且只有一个平面C ．如果一条直线上的两点在一个平面内，那么这条直线上所有的点都在此平面内D ．如果两个不重合的平面有一个公共点， 那么它们有且只有一条过该点的公共直线 4．“a ≤0”是“函数f (x ) ＝ |(ax －1)x |在区间(0，＋∞)内单调递增”的( )A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充分必要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件5．某班级有50名学生，其中有30名男生和20名女生，随机询问了该班五名男生和五名女生在某次数学测验中的成绩，五名男生的成绩分别为86，94，88，92，90，五名女生的成绩分别为88，93，93，88，93.下列说法一定正确的是( ) A ．这种抽样方法是一种分层抽样 B ．这种抽样方法是一种系统抽样C ．这五名男生成绩的方差大于这五名女生成绩的方差D ．该班男生成绩的平均数小于该班女生成绩的平均数6．已知一元二次不等式f (x )＜0的解集为{x |x ＜－1或x ＞12}，则f (10x )＞0的解集为( )A ．{x |x ＜－1或x ＞－lg 2}B ．{x |—1＜x ＜－lg 2}C ．{x |x ＞－lg 2}D ．{x |x ＜－lg 2}7．在极坐标系中，圆ρ＝2cos θ的垂直于极轴的两条切线方程分别为( )A ．θ＝0(ρ∈R)和ρcos θ＝2B ．θ＝π2(ρ∈R)和ρcos θ＝2 C ．θ＝π2(ρ∈R)和ρcos θ＝1D ．θ＝0(ρ∈R)和ρcos θ＝18．函数y ＝f (x )的图象如图所示，在区间[a ，b ]上可找到n (n ≥2)个不同的数x 1，x 2，…，x n 使得f （x 1）x 1＝f （x 2）x 2＝…＝f （x n ）x n ，则n 的取值范围是( ) A ．{3，4}B ．{2，3，4}C ．{3，4，5}D ．{2，3}9．在平面直角坐标系中，O 是坐标原点，两定点A ，B 满足∣OA →∣＝∣OB →∣＝OA →·OB →＝2，则点集{P ∣OP →＝λOA →＋μOB →，∣λ∣＋∣μ∣≤1，λ，μ∈R}所表示的区域的面积是( ) A ．2 2 B ．2 3 C ．4 2D ．4 310．若函数f (x )＝x 3＋ax 2＋bx ＋c 有极值点x 1，x 2，且f (x 1)＝x 1，则关于x 的方程3(f (x ))2＋2af (x )＋b ＝0的不同实根个数是( ) A ．3 B ．4 C ．5D ．6第Ⅱ卷二、填空题(本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分．把答案填在题中横线上)11．若⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫x ＋a 3x 8的展开式中，x 4的系数为7，则实数a ＝________．12．设△ABC 的内角A ，B ，C 所对边的长分别为a ，b ，c .若b ＋c ＝2a ，3sin A ＝5sin B ，则角C ＝________．13．已知直线y ＝a 交抛物线y ＝x 2于A ，B 两点，若该抛物线上存在点C ，使得∠ACB 为直角，则a 的取值范围为________．14．如图，互不相同的点A 1，A 2，…，A n ，…和B 1，B 2，…，B n ，…分别在角O 的两条边上，所有An B n 相互平行，且所有梯形A n B n B n ＋1A n ＋1的面积均相等，设OA n ＝a n .若a 1＝1，a 2＝2，则数列{a n }的通项公式是________． 15．如图，正方体ABCD －A 1B 1C 1D 1的棱长为1，P 为BC 的中点，Q 为线 段CC 1上的动点，过点A ，P ，Q 的平面截该正方体所得的截面记为S ，则下列命题正确的是________(写出所有正确命题的编号)． ①当0<CQ <12时，S 为四边形；②当CQ ＝12时，S 为等腰梯形；③当CQ ＝34时，S 与C 1D 1的交点R 满足C 1R ＝13；④当34<CQ <1时，S 为六边形；⑤当CQ ＝1时，S 的面积为62. 三、解答题(本大题共6小题，共75分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤) 16．(本小题满分12分)已知函数f (x )＝4cos ωx ·sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫ωx ＋π4(ω>0)的最小正周期为π.(1)求ω的值；(2)讨论f (x )在区间⎣⎡⎦⎤0，π2上的单调性．17．(本小题满分12分)设函数f (x )＝ax －(1＋a 2)x 2，其中a ＞0，区间I ＝{x |f (x )＞0}．(1)求I 的长度(注：区间(α，β)的长度定义为β－α)；(2)给定常数k ∈(0，1)，当1－k ≤a ≤1＋k 时，求I 长度的最小值． 18．(本小题满分12分)设椭圆E ：x 2a 2＋y 21－a 2＝1的焦点在x 轴上．(1)若椭圆E 的焦距为1，求椭圆E 的方程；(2)设F 1、F 2分别是椭圆E 的左、右焦点，P 为椭圆E 上第一象限内的点，直线F 2P 交y 轴于点Q ，并且F 1P ⊥F 1Q .证明：当a 变化时，点P 在某定直线上． 19．(本小题满分13分)如图，圆锥顶点为P ，底面圆心为O ，其母线与底面所成的角为22.5°，AB 和CD 是底面圆O 上的两条平行的弦，轴OP 与平面PCD 所成的角为60°.(1)证明：平面PAB 与平面PCD 的交线平行于底面； (2)求cos ∠COD .20．(本小题满分13分)设函数f n (x )＝－1＋x ＋x 222＋x 332＋…＋x nn2(x ∈R ，n ∈N *)．(1)证明：(1)对每个n ∈N *，存在唯一的x n ∈⎣⎡⎦⎤23，1，满足f n (x n )＝0； (2)对任意p ∈N *，由(1)中x n 构成的数列(x n )满足0<x n －x n ＋p <1n.21．(本小题满分13分)某高校数学系计划在周六和周日各举行一次主题不同的心理测试活动，分别由李老师和张老师负责．已知该系共有n 位学生，每次活动均需该系k 位学生参加(n 和k 都是固定的正整数)．假设李老师和张老师分别将各自活动通知的信息独立、随机地发给该系k 位学生，且所发信息都能收到．记该系收到李老师或张老师所发活动通知信息的学生人数为X .(1)求该系学生甲收到李老师或张老师所发活动通知信息的概率； (2)求使P (X ＝m )取得最大值的整数m .参考答案安徽卷(理科)1．解析：设出复数的代数形式，结合复数的运算法则，利用复数相等的条件求解．设z ＝a ＋b i(a ，b ∈R)，由z ·z －i ＋2＝2z ，得(a ＋b i)(a －b i)i ＋2＝2(a ＋b i)，即(a2＋b 2)i ＋2＝2a ＋2b i ，由复数相等的条件得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 2＋b 2＝2b ，2＝2a ，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＝1，b ＝1， ∴z ＝1＋i. 答案：A2．解析：利用框图的条件结构和循环结构求解．s ＝2，n ＝2，2<8，s ＝0＋12＝12； n ＝2＋2＝4，4<8，s ＝12＋14＝34；n ＝4＋2＝6，6<8，s ＝34＋16＝1112；n ＝6＋2＝8，8<8不成立，输出s 的值为1112.答案：D3．解析：结合平面的基本性质求解．A ，不是公理，是个常用的结论，需经过推理论证；B ，是平面的基本性质公理；C ，是平面的基本性质公理；D ，是平面的基本性质公理． 答案：A4．解析：本题利用函数的图象确定字母的取值范围，再利用充要条件的定义进行判断．当a ＝0时，f (x )＝|(ax －1)x |＝|x |在区间(0，＋∞)上单调递增；当a <0时，结合函数f (x )＝|(ax －1)x |＝|ax 2－x |的图象知函数在(0，＋∞)上单调递增，如图(1)所示；当a >0时，结合函数f (x )＝|(ax －1)x |＝|ax 2－x |的图象知函数在(0，＋∞)上先增后减再增，不符合条件，如图(2)所示．所以，要使函数f (x )＝|(ax －1)x |在(0，＋∞)上单调递增只需a ≤0.即“a ≤0”是“函数f (x )＝|(ax －1)x |在(0，＋∞)上单调递增”的充要条件． 答案：C5．解析：根据分层抽样和系统抽样定义判断A ，B ，求出五名男生和五名女生成绩的方差判断C.A ，不是分层抽样，因为抽样比不同．B ，不是系统抽样，因为随机询问，抽样间隔未知．C ，五名男生成绩的平均数是x －＝86＋94＋88＋92＋905＝90，五名女生成绩的平均数是y －＝88＋93＋93＋88＋935＝91，五名男生成绩的方差为s 21＝15(16＋16＋4＋4＋0)＝8，五名女生成绩的方差为s 22＝15(9＋4＋4＋9＋4)＝6，显然，五名男生成绩的方差大于五名女生成绩的方差．D ，由于五名男生和五名女生的成绩无代表性，不能确定该班男生和女生的平均成绩． 答案：C6．解析：利用一元二次不等式的解法及指数不等式的解法求解．由题意知，一元二次不等式f (x )>0的解集为⎩⎨⎧x ⎪⎪⎪⎭⎬⎫－1<x <12.而f (10x )>0，∴－1<10x <12，解得x <lg 12，即x <－lg 2.答案：D7．解析：利用极坐标方程与直角坐标方程之间的转化关系以及直线的极坐标方程求解．由ρ＝2cos θ，得ρ2＝2ρcos θ，化为直角坐标方程为x 2＋y 2－2x ＝0，即(x －1)2＋y 2＝1，其垂直于极轴的两条切线方程为x ＝0和x ＝2，相应的极坐标方程为θ＝π2(ρ∈R)和ρcos θ＝2. 答案：B 8．解析：利用f （x ）x的几何意义，将所求转化为直线与曲线的交点个数问题并利用数形结合求解．由题意，函数y ＝f (x )上的任一点坐标为(x ，f (x ))，故f （x ）x表示曲线上任一点与坐标原点连线的斜率．若f （x 1）x 1＝f （x 2）x 2＝…＝f （x n ）x n，则曲线上存在n 个点与原点连线的斜率相等，即过原点的直线与曲线y ＝f (x )有n 个交点．如图，数形结合可得n 的取值可为2，3，4. 答案：B9．解析：利用向量的分解结合面积公式求解．由|OA →|＝|OB →|＝OA →·OB →＝2，知〈OA →·OB →〉＝π3.当λ≥0，μ≥0，λ＋μ＝1时，在△OAB 中，取OC →＝λOA →，过点C 作CD ∥OB 交AB 于点D ，作DE ∥OA 交OB 于点E ，显然OD →＝λOA →＋CD →.由于CD OB ＝AC AO ，CD OB ＝2－2λ2，∴CD →＝(1－λ)OB →，∴OD →＝λOA →＋(1－λ)OB →＝λOA →＋μOB →＝OP →，∴λ＋μ＝1时，点P 在线段AB 上， ∴λ≥0，μ≥0，λ＋μ≤1时，点P 必在△OAB 内(包括边界)．考虑|λ|＋|μ|≤1的其他情形，点P 构成的集合恰好是以AB 为一边，以OA ，OB 为对角线一半的矩形，其面积为S ＝4S △OAB ＝4×12×2×2sin π3＝4 3.答案：D10．解析：先求函数的导函数，由极值点的性质及题意，得出f (x )＝x 1或f (x )＝x 2，再利用数形结合确定这两个方程实数根的个数．因为f ′(x )＝3x 2＋2ax ＋b ，函数f (x )的两个极值点为x 1，x 2，所以f ′(x 1)＝0，f ′(x 2)＝0，所以x 1，x 2是方程3x 2＋2ax ＋b ＝0的两根．所以解关于x 的方程3(f (x ))2＋2af (x )＋b ＝0得f (x )＝x 1或f (x )＝x 2.不妨设x 1<x 2，由题意知函数f (x )在(－∞，x 1)，(x 2，＋∞)上单调递增，在(x 1，x 2)上单调递减．又f (x 1)＝x 1<x 2，如图，数形结合可知f (x )＝x 1有两个不同实根，f (x )＝x 2有一个实根，所以不同实根的个数为3. 答案：A11．解析：利用二项式定理和组合数知识求解．含x 4的项为C 38x 5⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎪⎫a 3x 3＝C 38a 3x 4，∴C 38a 3＝7，∴a ＝12.答案：1212．解析：利用正弦定理、余弦定理求解．由3sin A ＝5sin B ，得3a ＝5b ，又因为b ＋c ＝2a ， 所以a ＝53b ，c ＝73b ，所以cos C ＝a 2＋b 2－c 22ab＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫53b 2＋b 2－⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫73b 22×53b ×b ＝－12.因为C ∈(0，π)，所以C ＝2π3.答案：2π313．解析：利用向量的数量积结合一元二次方程根与系数关系求解．设C (x ，x 2)，由题意可取A (－a ，a )，B (a ，a )， 则CA →＝(－a －x ，a －x 2)，CB →＝(a －x ，a －x 2)， 由于∠ACB ＝π2，所以CA →·CB →＝(－a －x )(a －x )＋(a －x 2)2＝0， 整理得x 4＋(1－2a )x 2＋a 2－a ＝0， 即y 2＋(1－2a)y ＋a 2－a ＝0，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－（1－2a ）≥0，a 2－a ≥0，（1－2a ）2－4（a 2－a ）>0，解得a ≥1.答案：[1，＋∞)14．解析：设OA n ＝x (n ≥3)，OB 1＝y ，∠O ＝θ，记S △OA 1B 1＝12×1×y sin θ＝S ，那么S △OA 2B 2＝12×2×2y sin θ＝4S ，S △OA 3B 3＝4S ＋(4S －S )＝7S ，……S △OA n B n ＝12x ·xy sin θ＝(3n －2)S ，∴S △OA n B n S △OA 2B 2＝12×x ×xy sin θ12×2×2y sin θ＝（3n －2）S 4S， ∴x 24＝3n －24，∴x ＝3n －2.即a n ＝3n －2(n ≥3)． 经验证知a n ＝3n －2(n ∈N *)． 答案：a n ＝3n －215．解析：利用平面的基本性质结合特殊四边形的判定与性质求解．①当0<CQ <12时，如图(1)．在平面AA 1D 1D 内，作AE ∥PQ ， 显然E 在棱DD 1上，连接EQ ， 则S 是四边形APQE .②当CQ ＝12时，如图(2)．显然PQ ∥BC 1∥AD 1，连接D 1Q ， 则S 是等腰梯形．③当CQ ＝34时，如图(3)．作BF ∥PQ 交CC 1的延长线于点F ，则C 1F ＝12.作AE ∥BF ，交DD 1的延长线于点E ，D 1E ＝12，AE ∥PQ ，连接EQ 交C 1D 1于点R ，由于Rt △RC 1Q ∽Rt △RD 1E ，∴C 1Q ∶D 1E ＝C 1R ∶RD 1＝1∶2，∴C 1R ＝13.④当34<CQ <1时，如图(3)，连接PM (点M 为AE 与A 1D 1交点)，显然S 为五边形APQRM . ⑤当CQ ＝1时，如图(4)．同③可作AE ∥PQ 交DD 1的延长线于点E ，交A 1D 1于点M ，显然点M 为A 1D 1的中点，所以S 为菱形APQM ，其面积为12MP ×AQ ＝12×2×3＝62.答案：①②③⑤16．解：(1)f (x )＝4cos ωx ·sin ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫ωx ＋π4＝22sin ωx ·cos ωx ＋22cos 2ωx ＝2(sin 2ωx ＋cos 2ωx )＋2 ＝2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫2ωx ＋π4＋ 2. 因为f (x )的最小正周期为π，且ω>0，从而有2π2ω＝π，故ω＝1.(2)由(1)知，f (x )＝2sin ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫2x ＋π4＋ 2. 若0≤x ≤π2，则π4≤2x ＋π4≤5π4. 当π4≤2x ＋π4≤π2，即0≤x ≤π8时，f (x )单调递增；当π2<2x ＋π4≤5π4，即π8<x ≤π2时，f (x )单调递减． 综上可知，f (x )在区间⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤0，π8上单调递增，在区间⎝ ⎛⎦⎥⎤π8，π2上单调递减． 17．解：(1)因为方程ax －(1＋a 2)x 2＝0(a >0)有两个实根x 1＝0，x 2＝a1＋a2，故f (x )>0的解集为{x |x 1<x <x 2}．因此区间I ＝⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫0，a 1＋a 2，区间I 的长度为a1＋a2. (2)设d (a )＝a1＋a 2，则d ′(a )＝1－a2（1＋a 2）2(a >0)．令d ′(a )＝0，得a ＝1.由于0<k <1，故 当1－k ≤a <1时，d ′(a )>0，d (a )单调递增； 当1<a ≤1＋k 时，d ′(a )<0，d (a )单调递减．所以当1－k ≤a ≤1＋k 时，d (a )的最小值必定在a ＝1－k 或a ＝1＋k 处取得． 而d （1－k ）d （1＋k ）＝1－k1＋（1－k ）21＋k 1＋（1＋k ）2＝2－k 2－k 32－k 2＋k3<1， 故d (1－k )<d (1＋k )．因此当a ＝1－k 时，d (a )在区间[1－k ，1＋k ]上取得最小值1－k2－2k ＋k 2.18．(1)解：因为椭圆的焦点在x 轴上且焦距为1，所以2a 2－1＝14，解得a 2＝58.故椭圆E 的方程为8x 25＋8y23＝1.(2)证明：设出点P 的坐标，并求出其横、纵坐标的关系式．注意点在直线上时，点的坐标满足直线方程．设P (x 0，y 0)，F 1(－c ，0)，F 2(c ，0)，其中c ＝2a 2－1. 由题设知x 0≠c ，则直线F 1P 的斜率kF 1P ＝y 0x 0＋c，直线F 2P 的斜率kF 2P ＝y 0x 0－c.故直线F 2P 的方程为y ＝y 0x 0－c(x －c )．当x ＝0时，y ＝cy 0c －x 0，即点Q 坐标为⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫0，cy 0c －x 0.因此，直线F1Q的斜率为kF1Q＝y0c－x0.由于F1P⊥F1Q，所以kF1P·kF1Q＝y0x0＋c·y0c－x0＝－1.化简得y20＝x20－(2a2－1)．①将①代入椭圆E的方程，由于点P(x0，y0)在第一象限，解得x0＝a2，y0＝1－a2，即点P 在定直线x＋y＝1上．19．证明：(1)设平面PAB与平面PCD的交线为l.因为AB∥CD，AB不在平面PCD内，所以AB∥平面PCD.又因为AB⊂平面PAB，平面PAB与平面PCD的交线为l，所以AB∥l.由直线AB在底面上而l在底面外可知，l与底面平行．(2)解：设CD的中点为F，连接OF，PF.由圆的性质，知∠COD＝2∠COF，OF⊥CD.因为OP⊥底面，CD⊂底面，所以OP⊥CD.又OP∩OF＝O，故CD⊥平面OPF.又CD⊂平面PCD，因此平面OPF⊥平面PCD，从而直线OP在平面PCD上的射影为直线PF，故∠OPF为OP与平面PCD所成的角．由题设，∠OPF＝60°.设OP＝h，则OF＝OP·tan∠OPF＝h·tan 60°＝3h.根据题设有∠OCP＝22.5°，得OC＝OPtan∠OCP＝htan 22.5°.由1＝tan 45°＝2tan 22.5°1－tan222.5°和tan 22.5°>0，可解得tan 22.5°＝2－1，因此OC＝h2－1＝(2＋1)h.在Rt△OCF中，cos∠COF＝OFOC＝3h（2＋1）h＝6－3，故cos∠COD＝cos(2∠COF)＝2cos2∠COF－1＝2(6－3)2－1＝17－12 2.20．(1)证明：对每个n∈N*，当x>0时，f′n(x)＝1＋x2＋…＋x n－1n>0，故f n(x)在(0，＋∞)内单调递增．由于f1(1)＝0，当n≥2时，f n(1)＝122＋132＋…＋1n2>0，故f n(1)≥0.又f n ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23＝－1＋23＋∑k ＝2n⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23kk 2 ≤－13＋14∑k ＝2n ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23k＝－13＋14·⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫232⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1－⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23n －11－23＝－13·⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23n －1<0，所以存在唯一的x n ∈⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤23，1，满足f n (x n )＝0.(2)证明：当x >0时，f n ＋1(x )＝f n (x )＋x n ＋1（n ＋1）2>f n (x )，故f n ＋1(x n )>f n (x n )＝f n ＋1(x n ＋1)＝0.由f n ＋1(x )在(0，＋∞)内单调递增，知x n ＋1<x n . 故{x n }为单调递减数列， 从而对任意n ，p ∈N *，x n ＋p <x n . 对任意p ∈N *，由于f n (x n )＝－1＋x n ＋x 2n22＋…＋x n nn2＝0，①f n ＋p (x n ＋p )＝－1＋x n ＋p ＋x 2n ＋p22＋…＋x n n ＋p n 2＋x n ＋1n ＋p （n ＋1）2＋…＋x n ＋pn ＋p（n ＋p ）2＝0，②①式减去②式并移项，利用0<x n ＋p <x n ≤1，得x n －x n ＋p ＝∑k ＝2nx k n ＋p －x k n k 2＋∑k ＝n ＋1n ＋p x k n ＋p k 2≤∑k ＝n ＋1n ＋px k n ＋pk 2≤∑n ＋p,k ＝n ＋1 1k 2<∑n ＋p,k ＝n ＋1 1k （k －1）＝1n －1n ＋p <1n.因此，对任意p ∈N *，都有0<x n －x n ＋p <1n.21．解：(1)因为事件A ：“学生甲收到李老师所发信息”与事件B ：“学生甲收到张老师所发信息”是相互独立事件，所以A －与B －相互独立．由于P (A )＝P (B )＝C k －1n －1C k n ＝k n，故P (A －)＝P (B －)＝1－k n，因此学生甲收到活动通知信息的概率P ＝1－⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－k n 2＝2kn －k 2n 2.(2)当k ＝n 时，m 只能取n ，有P (X ＝m )＝P (X ＝n )＝1.当k <n 时，整数m 满足k ≤m ≤t ，其中t 是2k 和n 中的较小者．由于“李老师和张老师各自独立、随机地发活动通知信息给k 位同学”所包含的基本事件总数为(C k n )2.当X ＝m 时，同时收到李老师和张老师所发信息的学生人数恰为2k －m ，仅收到李老师或仅收到张老师所发信息的学生人数均为m －k .由乘法计数原理知：事件{X ＝m }所含基本事件数为C k n C 2k －m kC m －kn －k＝C k n C m －k k C m －kn －k .此时P (X ＝m )＝C k n C 2k －m k C m －kn －k （C k 2）2＝C m －k k C m －kn －kC kn. 当k ≤m <t 时，P (X ＝m )≤P (X ＝m ＋1)⇔C m －k k C m －kn －k ≤C m ＋1－k k C m ＋1－kn －k⇔(m －k ＋1)2≤(n －m )(2k－m )⇔m ≤2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2.假如k ≤2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2<t 成立，则当(k ＋1)2能被n ＋2整除时，k ≤2k －（k ＋1）2（n ＋2）<2k ＋1－（k ＋1）2n ＋2≤t .故P (X ＝m )在m＝2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2和m ＝2k ＋1－（k ＋1）2n ＋2处取得最大值；当(k ＋1)2不能被n ＋2整除时，P (X ＝m )在m ＝2k －⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤（k ＋1）2n ＋2处取得最大值．(注：[x ]表示不超过x 的最大整数)下面证明k ≤2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2<t .因为1≤k <n ，所以2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2－k ＝kn －k 2－1n ＋2≥k （k ＋1）－k 2－1n ＋2＝k －1n ＋2≥0.而2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2－n ＝－（n －k ＋1）2n ＋2<0，故2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2<n ，显然2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2<2k .因此k ≤2k －（k ＋1）2n ＋2<t .。
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安徽省2013年普通高等学校专升本招生考试第二部分大学语文（第五至第八大题，共90分）五、单项选择题（下列每小题的选项中，只有一项符合题意，请将表示该选项的字母填写在答题纸上相应的位置，每小题1分，共15分）30.下列加点字的注音，全部正确的一组是（）A、亲昵(nì) 内疚(jiù) 拾金不昧(mèi)B、粗犷(kuàng) 矗(chù)立叱咤(chà)风云C、曝(pù)露碑帖(tiè) 否(fǒu)极泰来D、皈(fǎn)依绮(qǐ)丽殚(dān)精竭虑31.下列句子中，没有错别字的一项是（）A、黄山的风景与大别山的风景炯然不同B、刘谦以其精湛的魔术征服了无数观众C、李明荣获了全国软件设计大赛金奖，从此声名雀起D、中部六省博览会上的商品琳琅满目，客商纷至沓来32.下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）A、由于经济的快速发展，使我省居民收入不断增加B、观看了郭德纲的相声表演，大家忍俊不禁地笑了起来C、“苹果事件”表明，市场环境的好坏需要更加健全的法律法规D、如果每个人都能增强环保意识，实现“美丽中国”的目标就大有希望33.下列关于先秦诸子及其散文的表述，正确的一项是（）A、庄子的核心思想是积极有为B、《庄子》又称《南华经》，是道家学派的经典C、《论语》是孔子所著的一部语录体散文集D、《老子》的语言汪洋恣肆，在先秦散文中艺术成就最高34.下列诗歌属于汉乐府诗的一项是（）A、《兵车行》B、《孔雀东南飞》C、《木兰辞》D、《西洲曲》35.《登幽州台歌》的作者是（）A、李白B、岑参C、陆游D、陈子昂36.“人生代代无穷已，江月年年望相似”出自（）A、张若虚《春江花月夜》B、王昌龄《出塞》C、李煜《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）D、苏轼《水调歌头》（明月几时有）37.下列关于唐宋八大家及其散文的叙述，不正确的是（）A、柳宗元的《始得西山宴游记》是其“永州八记”中的一篇B、韩愈是唐代古文运动中的代表人物，其散文气势充沛C、范仲淹的《游褒禅山记》议论透辟精警D、欧阳修的《朋党论》提出了“小人无朋，惟君子则有之”的观点38.辛弃疾的的代表作是（）A、《渔家傲》（塞下秋来风景异）B、《八声甘州》（对潇潇暮雨洒江天）C、《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》D、《鹊桥仙》（纤云弄巧）39.下列关于【般步调·哨遍】《高祖还乡》的表述，正确的是（）A、这篇作品的体材是杂剧B、作者是元代文学家关汉卿C、作品塑造了一个深受人民爱戴的英明君主形象D、作品立足于平民百姓的视角，化神圣为滑稽，产生了强烈的反讽效果40.下列关于张岱的表述，正确的是（）A、他的代表作是《报刘一丈书》B、他是宋代著名文学家C、他著有《陶庵梦忆》D、他是公安派的领袖41.下列关于《婴宁》的表述，不正确的是（）A、这是一篇文言小说，出自《聊斋志异》B、作者是清代著名文学家吴敬梓C、作品塑造了一个天真烂漫、娇憨狡黠的女性形象D、文中多处写到婴宁拈花而笑，以鲜花衬托婴宁的美，使人物形象鲜明丰满42.下列关于鲁迅《伤逝》的表述，不正确的是（）A、这篇小说充满了浓郁的乡土气息B、这篇小说采用了“手记体”的形式C、“人必生活着，爱才有所附丽”是文章的点睛之笔D、小说深刻揭示了造成涓生、子君爱情悲剧的原因43.下列作品中，体裁是诗歌的是（）A、《我所知道的康桥》B、《听听那冷雨》C、《道士塔》D、《致橡树》44.下列作家、作品、国别对应正确的是（）A、培根《论学问》俄国B、爱因斯坦《我们的宇宙图像》美国C、东山魁夷《听泉》日本D、朱自清《故都的秋》中国六、文言文翻译（请将下列每小题中划线部分译成现代汉语，并写在答题纸上相应的位置，每小题3分，共15分）45、晋公子重耳之及于难也，晋人伐诸蒲城。
（《左传·晋公子重耳之亡》）46、灌夫被甲持戟，募军中壮士所善愿从者数十人。
（《史记·魏其武安侯列传》）47、李翰以文章自名。
（韩愈《张中丞传后叙》）48、人知从太守游而乐，不知太守之乐其乐也。
（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）49、隆冬，贫者席地而卧，春气动，鲜不疫矣。
（方苞《狱中杂记》）七、现代文阅读（阅读下面两篇短文，回答文后问题，并将答案写在答题纸上相应的位置。
每小题2分，共20分）短文一：月球闪光之谜①如果你有机会去月球旅行,可别忘了带上一把耐用的伞。
它并不是为倾盆大雨准备的,因为月球上没有空气,所以不可能下雨。
但是，每年一些陨石会上百次地猛撞月球表面,发出在地球上也能看见的明亮闪光。
像11月的狮子座流星雨,一夜之间有多达20块陨石与月球相撞。
②长期以来,科学家一直为碰撞为什么会引起闪光争论不休。
现在,一项新的研究结果似乎解开了这个谜。
欧洲科学家说,闪光来自在与月球表面碰撞后扬起的一块块灼热的陨石碎片。
“（）直径约10厘米、垒球大小的一块彗星或小行星的陨石,（）可以引发一道地球上可以看到的光亮。
”从事这项新研究的沙利文·伯莱解释道。
③“撞碎的陨石在熔化,因为温度极高,所以散发出光亮,直到完全冷却。
”美国马里兰州约翰·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室行星科学家卡罗琳·恩斯特解释道。
美国宇航局流星体环境办公室天文学家比尔·库克通过在实验室把铝球发射到模拟的月球灰尘创造出闪光效果,他说：“这项新的研究充分证实我们的设想,同行们第一次找到了过硬的数据。
④伯莱和他的同事们计算了1999年至2007年之间月球闪烁的光的亮度,研究小组还估计了与月球相撞的物体的大小和速度,发现大多数垒球般大小的陨石以每小时26万公里的速度撞击月球表面，这种撞击产生的巨大能量相当于70公斤烈性炸药爆炸的威力，温度可以达到数千摄氏度。
强大的冲击使一部分粉碎的陨石以及月球被碰撞的部位产生蒸发现象，释放出气体和一种被称为熔化液滴的液体，这些熔化液滴在冷却时产生的耀眼的光亮。
⑤现在，新的研究终于揭开了月球闪光的秘密，这项发现在帮助科学家对月球有更多的了解的同时，也可以使月球游客记住，为了防备陨石雨，随身携带的伞务必结实耐用。
（摘自《自然与科技》2012年第3期，有改动）50、文中第二段括号内依次填入的关联词语，正确的一项是（）A、即使就B、因为所以C、只有就D、只要就51、文中第一段划线部分说明方法的分析，正确的一项是（）A、做比较B、下定义C、列数字D、引用52、文章首尾都提及到月球旅行必须要带上一把耐用的伞，其表达效果是（）A、清新自然B、生动直观C、含蓄隽永D、庄重严肃53、下列关于科学家们所进行的新研究的表述，最准确的一项是（）A、在实验室把铅球发射到模拟的月球灰尘中产生了同样的闪光效果B、陨石与月球表面碰撞后会扬起一块块灼热的碎片C、撞碎的陨石熔化时温度极高，直到完全冷却D、计算了1999年至2007年之间月球闪烁的光的亮度，还估计了与月球相撞的物体的大小和速度54、结合全文内容，说明月球闪光的具体原因。
短文二母亲莫言①我5岁的时候，正处于中国历史上一个艰难的岁月。
生活留给我最初的记忆是母亲坐在一棵白花盛开的梨树下，用一根洗衣用的紫红色的棒槌，在一块白色的石头上，捶打野菜的情景。
绿色的汁液（）到地上，（）到母亲的胸前，空气中（）着野菜汁液苦涩的气味。
那棒槌敲打野菜发出的声音，沉闷而潮湿，让我的心感到一阵阵地紧缩。
②这是一个有声音、有颜色、有气味的画面，是我人生记忆的起点，也是我文学道路的起点。
这个记忆的画面中更让我难以忘却的是，愁容满面的母亲，在辛苦地劳作时，嘴里竟然哼唱着一支小曲！我母亲她一生中遭受的苦难，真是难以尽述。
战争、饥饿、疾病，在那样的苦难中，是什么样的力量支撑她活下来，是什么样的力量使她在饥肠辘辘、疾病缠身时还能歌唱？我在母亲生前，一直想跟她谈谈这个问题，但每次我都感到没有资格向母亲提问。
③有一段时间，村子里连续有几个女人自杀了，我莫名其妙地感到了一种巨大的恐惧。
那时候我们家正是最艰难的时刻，父亲被人诬陷，家里存粮无多，母亲旧病复发，无钱医治。
我总是担心母亲走上自寻短见的绝路。
每当我下工归来时，一进门就要大声喊叫，只有听到母亲的回答时，心中才感到一块石头落了地。
有一次下工回来已是傍晚，母亲没有回答我的呼喊，我急忙跑到牛栏、磨房、厕所里去寻找，都没有母亲的踪影。
我感到最可怕的事情发生了，不由地大声哭起来。
这时，母亲从外边走了进来。
母亲对我的哭泣非常不满，她认为一个人尤其是男人不应该随便哭泣。
她追问我为什么哭。
我含糊其词，不敢对她说出我的担忧。
母亲理解了我的意思，她对我说："孩子，放心吧，阎王爷不叫我是不会去的！"这是一个母亲对她的忧心忡忡的儿子做出的庄严承诺。
现在，尽管母亲已经被阎王爷叫去了，但母亲这句话里所包含着的面对苦难挣扎着活下去的勇气，将永远伴随着我，激励着我。
④在那些饥饿的岁月里，我看到了许多因为饥饿而丧失了人格尊严的情景，譬如为了得到一块豆饼，一群孩子围着村里的粮食保管员学狗叫。
保管员说，谁学得最像，豆饼就赏赐给谁。
我也是那些学狗叫的孩子中的一个。
大家都学得很像。
保管员便把那块豆饼远远地掷了出去，孩子们蜂拥而上抢夺那块豆饼。
这情景被我父亲看到眼里。
回家后，父亲严厉地批评了我。
爷爷也严厉地批评了我。
爷爷对我说：嘴巴就是一个过道，无论是山珍海味，还是草根树皮，吃到肚子里都是一样的，何必为了一块豆饼而学狗叫呢？人应该有骨气！他们的话，当时并不能说服我，因为我知道山珍海味和草根树皮吃到肚子里并不一样！但我也感到了他们的话里有一种尊严，这是人的尊严，也是人的风度。
人，不能像狗一样活着。
⑤饥饿的岁月使我体验和洞察了人性的复杂和单纯，使我认识到了人性的最低标准，使我看透了人的本质的某些方面。
我的父母、祖父母和许多像他们一样的人，为我树立了光辉的榜样。
这些普通人身上的宝贵品质，是一个民族能够在苦难中不堕落的根本保障，也正是文学的灵魂。
（选自《莫言散文集》，有删改）55、在第①段括号里依次填入的动词，最恰当的一组是（）A、淌溅充斥B、淌迸弥漫C、流迸充斥D、流溅弥漫56、对第二段划线部分修辞手法的分析，正确的一项是（）A、疑问B、反问C、设问D、排比57、对第一段划线部分表达方式的分析正确的一项是（）A、描写B、说明C、抒情D、议论58、文章的题目是“母亲”，作者在第四段却写到父亲和爷爷，这样写的主要意图是（）A、表现“我”童年时的饥饿难耐B、表现那个时期生活的艰难C、突出保管员的丑恶形象D、表明父母、祖父母共有的一种人生态度59、结合全文内容，概括文章最后一句所提到的“宝贵品质”的具体内涵。
八、作文（40分）60.题目：启程要求：①除诗歌外，文体不限；②思想情感积极健康；③800字左右；④不得套作或抄袭；⑤书写在答题纸上。