高考英语新题型任务型阅读专项训练(30篇) (3)
2021年高考英语 任务型阅读专题(三) Word版含答案
任务型阅读要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表，并有一定字数的限制。
主要考察学生获取信息的能力（对应信息查找题）、组织信息的能力（对应信息转换题）和概括表达信息能力（对应信息归纳题）。
任务型阅读中的题型主要包括原词重现，固定搭配，词性句型转换，提炼概括四大类. 我们就词性句型转换来谈谈解题步骤，解题技巧。
解题步骤：一般根据题目特点，可分为以下三步：1）略读—快速浏览抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构(借助所给图表结构）。
2）细读—带着问题，找到文章对应点，确认题型，分析整理归纳信息并且准确表达信息。
3）复读—复读文章，反复揣摩所填之词是否符合文章内容，其拼写是否正确。
解题技巧：一同意词，同意句转换，即练习将一种词转换成另一种该词的同意词类，表达的意思跟原句一样，只要在文中找到关键词即可。
例如：1 原文：Each day you should carry out your plan according to your scheduleb.e转换成： Make a specific and practical plan and then write it down on your calendar2 原文：Studying is like climbing a mountain and you should take one stepat a time转换成：Language learning is similar to mountain climbing . Take one step at a time and you will fulfill your dream3 原文：A regular exercise routine can provide relatively quick positive转换成： Working out regularly , which will keep you motivated二原词变形: 做此类题首先要理解题意，其次仔细比较原句和题目，明白的意图，只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。
高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc
一、高中英语任务型阅读1．阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Some recent surveys show that the health conditions of many white collar employees and office workers are rather critical. Death cases among white collar employees and office workers are increasing year by year and these cases are generally believed to have been caused by overwork and spending little time taking rest or doing exercise.If their offices are within the distance of half an hour's walk, some office workers now choose to go to work on foot. Ms. Deng, who works in a foreign enterprise in Beijing, has been walking to her office for more than six months now. I usually have a tight work schedule and can't find time to do exercise. So I choose to walk to work. As she said, if the office is not far from home, most women would like to go to work on foot. Walking is good for their health and can help them to keep good figures as well.Apart from walking to office, one can also find time to do exercise when one is at work. The simplest way is to abandon the lift. Mr. Wei, who works in the Passenger Service Department at Shenzhen Airlines, is one of such men who frequently climb stairs to his office. I only use the lift whenever I'm with my colleagues or my boss. Otherwise, I would climb stairs instead of taking the lift.In addition, some office workers try to find time to go to a gym at the end of a day. Ms. Sang works in a law firm in Shenzhen. She goes to the gym several times a week when she has the time.I go to the gym every weekend. During the weekdays, I will also go there whenever I have the time. Ms. Sang and her husband both have a gym membership card for a whole year. The cards cost them 3, 000 yuan. However they think it's worth it.（1）What is the best title of the passage? (No more than 8 words)（2）How many ways that office workers keep healthy are mentioned in the passage and what are they? (No more than 15 words)（3）What does the underlined "abandon" mean? (No more than 2 words)（4）Why are death cases among white collar employees and office workers increasing year by year? (No more than 12 words)（5）As a student, which is the best way of keeping fit? (No more than 20 words)【答案】（1）Office Workers Try to Keep Healthy.（2）Three. They are walking to office, abandoning the lift and going to a gym.（3）Stop using.（4）Because they overwork and spend little time taking rest or doing exercise.（5）I think that students can jog during the break.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，最近的一些调查显示，许多白领和办公室职员的健康状况相当危急。
泰安市最新 高考英语任务型阅读练习题(及答案)
泰安市最新高考英语任务型阅读练习题(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．任务型阅读Habits to Be a Highly Effective StudentSome students are able to get straight A's and at the same time serve as the president of three clubs. However, some students struggle to keep their GPA (Grade-Point Average) above a 3.0________Although it's true that everyone's IQ is different, good study habits are very important. Here5re several habits you should adopt to get good grades.________ If you haven't had a planner (规划薄), get one. Many people use their computers and smartphones to make a schedule. The problem with that approach is that they are major distractions (分心的事物). Instead, get an old-fashioned paper and pen planner.Create a weekly schedule________Include time that will be spent eating, sleeping and doing anything not related to school work. That way you know exactly how much you can accomplish each day.Take frequent, short breaks. Taking a break from studying for 15 minutes every hour will help keep you refreshed________ If you don't take a break, you may find yourself daydreaming or even falling asleep. Take some time for some water, a snack or a quick chat with a friend.Take care of yourself. During final exam week, it is common for students to fall behind on sleep and meals. Make sure you get a good night's sleep and have regular meals. Studying while hungry or sleepy is ineffective and will slow you down in the long run. Also try to make time for friends and family________A. Keep things organized.B. Keep away from your computers.C. Of course, not everyone needs breaks.D. Our brains are not meant to work for hours nonstop.E. Having a good support system will help with all the stress.F. And they seem to spend all of their time in studying.G. Then under each day, make a list of things to do each hour.【答案】E；A；G；D；E【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了学习效率高的学生所拥有的四个习惯。
高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)
高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
They Just Can't Help ItMy theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy —the ability to understand other people —and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. ________ For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that feature computers and sport.You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case. A new study carried out at Cambridge University shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile. ________ It has also been observed that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people's feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. ________ People whose jobs are in the construction industries are almost male. Math and engineering, which require high levels of systems-thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines. Why do men and women have the difference? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons (神经) that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women have a better ability to multitask than men. ________ Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time. They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one another.Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender (性别) is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. ________ It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there.A. Generally speaking, there are clear differences.B. Their preference for building systems may change over time.C. You can see the same kind of pattern in the adult workplace.D. They will consider many sources of information at the same time.E. It is important to stress that the female brain may be built more for empathy.F. That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological.G. Others may think the theory creates a belief of what a particular type of person is like.【答案】 A；F；C；D；G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，阐述男性与女性差异各有优缺点。
最新高考英语专题复习 任务型阅读(含答案)
最新高考英语专题复习任务型阅读(含答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ "You keep what matters," Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.G. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.【答案】D；C；G；F；B【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。
最新精品高考英语任务型阅读强化训练28篇
高考任务型阅读强化训练28篇1There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things. The pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend (hurt) many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Though in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrong doings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.2Happy birthday! Do birthday really make people happy? Of course they do．Birthday celebrate the day when we were born．Besides, that extra candle on the cake suggest another year of growth and maturity（成熟）—or so we hope．We all like to imagine that we are getting wiser and not just older．Most of us enjoy seeing the wonder of growth in others, as well．For instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proud．For Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful process．But growing old? That is a different story．Growing old is not exactly for people in youth-oriented（以年轻人为中心）American culture．Most Americans like to look young, act young and feel young．As the old saying goes, ―You’re young as you feel．‖ Older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years old．People in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdom．But Americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least ―young at heart‖．Many older Americans find the ―golden years‖ to be anything but golden．Economically, ―senior citizens‖ often struggle just to get by．Retirement at the age of 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal income．Social security benefits usually cannot make up the difference．Older people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care, and housing．Some even experience age discrimination（歧视）．American sociologist Pat Moore once dressed up like an older person and wandered city streets．She was often treated rudely--even cheated and robbed．However, dressed as a young person, she received much more respect．Unfortunately, the elderly population in America is increasing fast．Why? People are living longer．Fewer babies are being born．And middle-aged ―baby boomers‖ are rapidly entering the group of the elderly．America may soon be a place where wrinkles（皱纹）are ―in‖．Marketing experts are ready noticing this growing group of consumer．3Teaching kids to fish sometimes puzzles us parents. Now I’d like to give yo u a few tips.First of all, start them young.Get them in a boat ,or on a pier ,or on the bank at as young an age as you possibly can. Obviously this means being extremely conscious about their safety. Whatever you do , DON’T plan on any fishing yourself. If fishing is going to happen, the fishing will be done by the kids with your help! This lets you pay attention to them and not ignore them while you fish.Next, make sure you plan the first trips to someplace where you can actually catch a lot of fish. At this point ,it doesn’t matter what kind or how big, just make sure they can catch some. A small child’s patience is very short, and waiting 30 minutes for a bite will turn them off in a hurry. You may need to go to a small pond where the fish are dying to eat bread balls. Any type of fish will do. Remember, this is for them, not for you.As they fish, cheer for every fish they catch. Make a really big deal out of it. Take pictures. And if it’s possible, take some home to clean. Let the child help you clean with a table knife, so he can’t get hurt.Make sure he makes and sees the connection from catching to cleaning to cooking. As soon as you have the fish cleaned, it’s into the kitchen to start cooking. Let him flour and cornmeal the fish. Let him see the fish cooking ,and talk about how good they are. Then when it’s ready, make sure you brag on the fact that he (or she ) caught these fish, and ―aren’t they good?‖In this way, I’m sure your kids will be interested in fishing and good at fishing.Sequoyah was born in about 1770 in the village of Taskigi. He was a Cherokee Indian, and, along with his entire tribe, he was illiterate. As a result of a hunting accident that left him partially crippled, he enjoyed more leisure time than other tribesmen. And he began to consider the idea that Indian people might also come to possess the secret of the ―talking leaf‖. Alone in the woods, he spent hours playin g with pieces of wood or making odd little marks on one stone with another. Neither his wife nor his friends offered him any encouragement, and many laughed at him. But Sequoyah was engaged in his dream of developing an alphabet for the Cherokee language.At first, Sequoyah tried to give every word a separate character, but eventually he realized the pointlessness of such an approach and settled on giving one character to each sound. What he achieved twelve years later was a syllable of eighty-six characters representing all of sounds of Cherokee. In combination, they produced a written language of remarkable simplicity and effectiveness. It was so simple actually, that it could be learned in a few days. Within a matter of months, a population that had been entirely illiterate became almost entirely literate.As a tribute（感恩）to this great Indian educator, the tallest tree in North America, the Sierra Redwoods, was given the name Sequoyah.Watch out! QRIQ, Sony’s robot, is a few steps ahead of you. It can dance and kick a football, and it is the world’s first ―running‖ robot.Until now robots could not run because they needed one foot on the floor at all times to remain s table. That all changed when Sony’s technology allowed QRIO to run.QRIO might be the world’s first running robot, but it won’t win in a race. The robot’s run is more like a jog. At 23 inches tall and weighing 15 pounds, QRIO can travel 46 feet per minute, which is about 0.5 mph. If QRIO were average human size, it would run a mile in 40 minutes. (Many humans can run a mile in about 10 minutes.)And if QRIO falls, it will get right back up. QRIO is programmed to check its position after a fall. It then turns itself face up and stands up again.QRIO can recognize people’s faces and voices. It has a special built-in camera that takes a picture when meeting people. It examines the pictures and remembers people.QRIO even expresses feelings through movements, conversation, and the use of its lights. QRIO is a quite friendly robot. If you meet the robot, it will ask you what kinds of things you like and don’t like. QRIO remembers all of the facts, so it can have more conversations with you. The robot already knows tens of thousands of words, but can always learn more.Don’t get too excited. This high-tech robot won’t be racing to your house any time soon. Sony says it has no immediate plans to sell QRIO.The population of the United States is growing older and will continue to do so. According to a report, 39 million Americans will be 65 or older by the yew 2010, 51 million by 2020, and 65 million by 2030.The "graying" of the United States is mainly due to the fact that people in the U. S. living longer. As a matter of fact, the number of U.S. citizens 85 years old and older is growing six times as fast as the rest of the population. It is also largely due to the old-growing of the "baby boomers," the generation born after World War II. In 1957, over 4.3 million babies were born. More than 75 million Americans were born between 1946 and 1964, the largest generation in U.S. history. In less than twenty pears, millions of them will become elderly people.The "graying" of the U.S. will greatly affect the nation's family and workforce. One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit; it will move away from the nuclear family and towards a multigenerational family. The other likely development will be a change m the proportion (比例) of the nation's workforce. In 1989 there were 3.5 workers for every person 65 and older; by the year 2030, them will only be 2 workers for every person 65 and older.。
2020高考英语三模前任务型阅读专题练03(学生版)三年真题研读专练
三模前任务型阅读专题练03题组一Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch. Sometimes they hold you up and sometimes they lean on you. Sometimes it’s just enough to know they’re standing by. Friendship doubles your joy and divides your sorrow.A friendship is priceless and should be developed.◆Remembering the golden ruleWithout a doubt, the greatest human relations principle is to treat other people like you want to be treated. When you show respect for your friends and gratitude for their friendship, you’ll be blessed in untold ways.Whatever the cause of others’ rudeness, you don’t have to accentuate(突出)the problem. A kind word or a gentle, understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would.◆Considering enemies as friendsA friend looks after your own good. On the other hand, a foe(敌人)is someone who isn’t interested in your well-being.Yet some students view their teachers as enemies. However, a student’s success in school partly depends on the teacher’s effectiveness in the classroo m. Instead of being an enemy, a teacher who corrects you and helps you to achieve can be the best friend you ever had.So change this kind of thinking and adjust yourself a little, both of you are better off.◆Making friends by being an optimistDo you enjoy being around a pessimist, someone who is generally described as being able to brighten up a room just by leaving it? The answer is obvious. Most people have a preference for being around people who believe that tomorrow is going to be better than today, rather than people who believe that today is even worse than yesterday.◆Capturing the pleasing personalityHow do you develop a pleasing personality? Here are some steps you can take:Smile when you see someone. You don’t have to give a wide grin—just a pleasant, friendly smile.Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice. Talk to people as if they are good friends, even if they don’t really fall into that category yet.Take a course in public speaking. The ability to express yourself attracts favorable attention from many sources.Develop a sense of humor. Pick up a couple of joke books. This makes you a little more outgoing and friendly.◆Don’t criticize unjustlyInstead of criticizing others all the time, take the humane(人道的) and sensible approach. Look for the good in others. Encourage them. Build them up.To conclude, most people seldom think through each situation completely and consider the other person’s point of view. If you take the time and effort to do this, you’ll end up befriending more peopl e.Passage outline Supporting detailsIntroduction to friendship Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch. Sometimes friends share each other’s (72) ▲ and sorrow.(71) ▲ of developing friendship ◆Remembering the gold ruleTreat other s like you want to be treated. Don’t have to accentuate the problem even though they are (73) ▲ to you, because sometimes a gentle understanding (74) ▲ is better than returned rudeness.◆Considering enemies as friends(75) ▲ of enemies as friends can make both of you better off.◆ Making friends by being an optimistMost people (76) ▲ to be around the ones who are optimistic.◆Capturing the pleasing personality●Give a (77) ▲ and friendly smile.●Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice.●Take a course about speaking (78) ▲ .●Develop a sense of humor.◆Don’t criticize unjustly●(79) ▲ criticizing others.●Look for the good in others.题组二There are times when you want to know how to make friends. Maybe you are ju st not confident because you’re afraid that people may not react the way you want them to. But it is not very hard to make friends; it is just what you think it is that makes you not willing to do it. Continue reading to find out how!Don’t be mean or rude; you do not want to lose any potential friends. Be nice and friendly. If you want to make friends, you first need to put yourself out there somehow in order to meet people. If you just sit alone, friends might come to you, but the odds are much smaller. I f you’re still in school, sit somewhere with other people. It doesn’t have to be the ‘‘popular’’ or ‘‘cool’’ table, or a crowded one, but one with at least two other people. Hang out with many others. The popular kids won’t matter when you’re older, but a true friend will be there for you forever.There is no necessary need to have a lot of common interests with people in order to make friends with them. But if you like a specific topic, try searching for just an organization or a club where you can find people who are also interested in it and become a member of it. It’s a great way to meet new local people.V olunteering is also a great way for people of all ages to meet others. By working together you build bonds with people, and you might meet others who have a passion for changing things the way you do, that is, a common cause.There are many ways to start a conversation-a comment about your immediate environment(The weather is a classic: ‘‘At least it’s not raining like last week!’’), a request for help (‘‘Can you help me carry a few boxes, if you have a minute?’’or ‘‘Can you help me decide which one of these is a better gift for my mum?’’) or a compliment (‘‘I love your shoes.’’). Follow up immediately with a related question: Do you like this warm weat her? What kinds of gifts do you normally buy for your mums? Where did you get shoes like that? Also, make a small talk. Remember the 30% talking and 70% listening ratio during small talk.You’ve probably heard of fair-weather friends. They’re the ones who are happy to be around you when things are going well, but are nowhere to be found when you really need them. Part of being a friend is being prepared to make sacrifices of your time and energy in order to help your friends out. If a friend needs help with an unpleasant chore, or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on, be there. If your friend tells a joke, laugh with him or her. Never complain about a friend. If you and your friend agree to meet somewhere, don’t be late, and do not stand him or her u p. If you’re not going to make it on time or make it at all, call him or her as soon as you realize it. Apologize and ask to reschedule. Be someone who people know that they can count on.In a word, when you get along with people around you, it’s important for you to actively approach others, start a small conversation freely and then develop a close relationship with others.题组三For decades, sociologists have been trying to understand why certain people rise to the top of their fields. A number of theories have emerged, so if you’re struggling on the path of success, perhaps these will give you some new clues.IQ is OverratedA high IQ is necessary, but it is not adequate to predict executive competence and corporate success. While people with high test scores do have more opportunities, that doesn’t mean that smart people are more successful. In fact, in many fields the link between success and intelligence is often weak or non-existent. Nobel Prize winning Israeli-American psychologist, Daniel Kahneman, found that people would rather do business with a person they like and trust rather than someone they don’t, even if the likeable person is offering a lower quality product or service at a higher price.The 10,000 Hours TheoryA Professor at the University of Colorado named Anders Ericsson decided to look at the differences betweenamateurs and professionals. In 1993, he released a paper that found on average amateurs only got about 4000 hours of practice, but professionals had practiced for at least 10,000 hours. While there’s some debate over whether 10,000 hours is a rule or just a theory, many experts agree that a significant number of people who are considered "great" have, on average, 10,000 hours of experience.Deliberate PracticeIf no one is born talented and you need 10,000 hours of practice, what’s the most effective way of using those hours? One theory is something sociologists call "deliberate practice." Essentially, there are six elements. The practice needs to be meant to specifically improve performance, and is even more effective if there’s coaching. It needs to be repeatable, and feedback regularly is crucial. It also has to be demanding, either physically or mentally. If you’re doing all of this correctly, it shouldn’t be a fun experience. An example would be a basketball player who isn’t very good at free throws spending hours and hours just doing free throws while being coached. Not a great time no matter how big of a basketball fan you are.No One Succeeds on Their OwnWhile it would be nice to succeed simply because we work hard, life doesn’t work that way. We need help and support from friends, family and teachers, and then we need chances from employers and other key figures in the fields we choose to pursue. In order to succeed, the gifts and interests of a person need to be encouraged, especially at a young age. Then as they grow up, people need to be given opportunities, breaks and second chances. Without help from other people, it makes it impossible to succeed because as Gladwell points out, “… no one—not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires, and not even geniuses—ever makes it alone.”You Have Amazing PotentialOn average, the human mind can remember a sequence of seven to nine numbers. After that it becomes incredibly hard to remember all the numbers in the right order. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University wanted to know if someone of average intelligence could break that barrier with practice. Through a lot of tests, researchers discovered what they called “the remarkable potential of ‘ordinary’ adults and their amazing capacity for change with practice.” Their research showed that even “ordinary” people have the potential to be great by challenging themselves. If you work hard, your goals can be more attainable than you thought.。
高中英语高三专项训练高考英语任务型阅读训练题型附答案
2009年高考英语任务型阅读训练题型附答案任务型阅读阅读下面的文章，根据语篇内容，用恰当的词完成题后表格中所缺单词。
（每格限填一词）An Eve nt of Imag in ati onThe year is 2094. It has bee n announ ced that a comet is headi ng towards the Earth. Most of it willmiss our pla net, but two pieces will probably hit the souther n half of the Earth.On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide en ters the Earth's atmosphere with a massive explosi on.About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southernAfrica at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millio ns of people are drow ned.Before the waves reach South America, the sec ond piece of the comet la nds in Arge nti na.Earthquakes and volca noes are set off in the An des Mountains. The shock waves move n orth in to California and all around the Pacific Ocea n. The cities of Los An geles, San Fran cisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millionsof people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won't escape for long. Because of the explosi ons, the sun is hidde n by clouds of dust, and temperature around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruin ed. The sun won't be see n aga in for many years. Wars break out as coun tries fight for food. A year later, no more tha n 10 millio n rema in alive.Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. Thedinosaurs （恐龙）were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Manyscientists believe thatthe Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dino saurs could n't live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?请根据以上文章，完成下列表格:参考答案:72. tha n 74. drow ning 75. massive 77. atmosphere 78. mining 80. dying 任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的 词(仅限一词)A smart card is a card that is carried with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip that is not programmable. The microprocessor card can add. delete, and deal with the information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only do one thi ng.Smart cards, unlike magnetic stripe cards, can do manydifferent things and hold a lot of information. In this way, they do not n eed to get in formatio n from a faraway place whe n they are used.Today, there are several kinds of smart cards, all of which are very popularin the market:IC (In tegrated Circuit) Microprocessor Cards Microprocessor Cards(chip cards) offer a larger memory and better security tha n the traditional magnetic stripe cards do. Chip cards can also hold data. Thesecards are used for many thin gs. Thus, chips have bee n the main platform for cards that hold a secure digital identity. Someexamples of these cards are:Cards that hold mon ey.Cards that provide safe access to a n etwork.Cards that allow sett ing stop boxes on televisio ns to rema in safe fromprivacy.Optical MemoryCards Optical memorycards look like cards with a pieceof CDon the top. Optical memorycards can store up to 4MBof data. But once written, the data can not be changed or removed. Thus, this type of card is good for keeping records, such as medical files, driving records or travel histories. Today, these haveno processors in them (although this is coming in the near future). While the cards are almost as cheap as chip cards, the card readers are expe nsive.Title: (1) ______________ cards71. faster destroying76. explosi onfacing 73. 79.参考答案:1 . Smart 2. Memory 3. Adva ntages 4.security 5 doctors6. travelers7. cost8. Un cha ngeable 9 readers lO.memory任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上最恰当的单词。
2020-2021最新 高考英语任务型阅读练习题(及答案)
2020-2021最新高考英语任务型阅读练习题(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．任务型阅读Have you used “um…” “like…” “you know…” in your speech? Catch words(口头禅) are unnecessary words used to fill up dead paces while you speak. Speaking too many catch words is like a bad habit that we are unaware of. While most people tend to ignore it in everyday conversation, in a formal speech or an interview, too many catch words can make even the best presentation look bad.________Stop when we are in doubt. Catch words are used more often when a person is unsure about the sentence to use next.________If you are lost or in doubt over what to say next, just stop speaking, take a long pause, breathe in , figure out what to say and start again.Speak consciously and slowly. If the speech is too long and you talk continuously without thinking, then you might also be pushing in a few catch words in between.________It is best to memorize the tricky parts of the speech, like the introduction and the conclusion where a majority of the catch words are used.________ Preparing for the speech is very important when trying to remove catch words. Make it a point to pause when there is a comma or give two pauses at the end of the sentence. If certain words in the speech need to be emphasized then underline them and practice them as they need to be said.Avoid catch words in conversations. Get a friend or your partner to help you out when rehearsing a conversation.________ Although it can be an unpleasant and often embarrassing process, but in the long run it helps in cutting down on catch words.A. Practise your speech when you can.B. Remember the saying that silence is golden.C. Therefore we can find out best friends to guide us well.D. Anytime you use a catch word, the friend can point it out.E. So we should learn some ways to avoid speaking such words.F. Structure the speech well to include as much information as is needed.G. The mind is so busy trying to figure out what to say that there is a strong urge to speak such words.【答案】E；G；F；A；D【解析】【分析】本文讲述了口头禅的弊端，并且教给人们一些克服口头禅的方法。
2021年高考英语任务型阅读专项训练(三)含答案
2021年高考英语任务型阅读专项训练（三）含答案请认真阅读下列短文，并在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
每空一词。
In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men．Even today, it’s still true that few women bee civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but tha t’ssomething ．EngineerGirl．org aims to change． Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered．“Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce． So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women．”Mary Mattis in the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures．“We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it’s a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer． But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can’t start thinking about taking those courses when you’re a junior in high school．”Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging． But Ms． Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting．“It’s about designing things．It’s about changing the world for people．It’s about making a difference． And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by being an engineer． All of those things are messages that girls need to get．”While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering．“There’s a section called ‘why be an engineer,’ and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an ine．”Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there’s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies of some notable答案：【小题1】Encourages 【小题2】situation 【小题3】history【小题4】Purpose/Aim/Goal/Intention★【小题5】aware★【小题6】excitement【小题7】Benefits/Advantages【小题8】change★【小题9】independence【小题10】related解析：试题分析：【小题1】由第三段可以知道网页是鼓励女孩工程师行业，所以是Encourages 【小题2】由第一段可以知道工程师行业的目前形势：大部分都是男人，很少有女人，所以是situation【小题3】由第一段第一句话engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men．可以知道从历史上看，工程师行业大部分都是男人，所以是history【小题4】由倒数第五段说的是网页的目的，鼓励女孩学习工程技术，所以是Purpose★【小题5】由第四段的第三行increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering,可以知道是aware★【小题6】由第五段最后一句the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting．所以是excitement【小题7】由倒数第四段可以知道是写成为工程师的好处，所以是Benefits【小题8】由倒数第四段第一行It’s about changing the world for people可以知道是change★【小题9】由倒数第四段第三行you can be independent economically by being an engineer．可以知道是independence【小题10】由倒数第三段第二行the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields可以知道是related考点：考查综合分析能力点评：本文主要说明在工程师这个行业，女人非常少，有个网页鼓励女孩成为工程师，说了工程师的好处。
【备考高考】高考英语任务型阅读试题(附答案)
【备考高考】高考英语任务型阅读试题(附答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．任务型阅读Just as team members today have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles. By knowing how other members of your learn and organization think---and by others knowing how you think—everyone can be more productive. So how should you evaluate how you and your team think? After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results.Focus. Do you tend to pay the most attention to ideas, process, action, or relationships? For example, in the morning do you think about the problems you need to solve, the plans you need to make, the actions you need to take, or the people you need to see? This isn't about picking one to the exclusion(排除)of the other. It's about where your focus naturally lands.Orientation(方向). A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings. Are you more likely to complain about getting dragged into the weeds or about things being too general and not specific enough? These dimensions are complementary(补充的)to personality, skills, and traditional roles.Combination. By combing these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. When you know your thinking style, you know what naturally energizes you, why certain type of problems are challenging or boring, and what you can do to improve in areas that are important to reaching your goals. Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you. In this way, your thinking style becomes a useful tool---a kind of social currency---for the team. Imaging you put together a team to work on a new initiative(行动). Wouldn't you like to know who is energized by big-picture strategy discussions and who finds them frustrating? Who likes to work on the details of the execution? And who is energized by managing the team dynamics?The landscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate. We all want to work better together, the challenge is actually making it happen. Understanding collaboration(合作)through the way of thinking rather than doing is a practical and powerful step forward.【答案】equally；improve/increase；evaluating；thinking；choice；whether；combine；contributes/leads；Conclusion；how【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，正如今天的团队成员分配的角色一样，也应该有思考的角色，两者同样重要。
高考英语试卷任务型阅读题分类汇编(含答案)
高考英语试卷任务型阅读题分类汇编(含答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．（2018•江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
每个空格只填一个单词。
How Arts Promote Our EconomyWhen most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater. But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an appealing piece of art. These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge and skills.Another group of folks is needed to help market the event. "If you build it they will come" is a misleading belief. Painters, digital media experts, photographers, booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.A successful arts neighborhoods creates a ripple effect（连锁反应）throughout a community. In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the Bishop Arts District.No doubt the theater has contributed to the area's development and economic growth. Today, there are galleries, studios, restaurants and newly built work spaces where neighbors share experiences, where there is renewed life and energy. In this way, arts and culture also serve as a public good.Teco Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg's investment of $35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period. Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than Dallas, the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 million and support 44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers, construction workers, hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entire small-business community benefits.It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in order to stay in business, arts groups must produce returns. If you are a student studying the arts, chances are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B. But those who truly understand the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.outside/beyond；statistics/data/analyses；alternative【解析】【分析】本文论述如何用艺术促进经济。
高考英语新题型任务型阅读专项训练(30篇)
高考英语任务型阅读专项训练Type 1认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格1个单词。
（1）White-collar workers going to great lengths for stress reliefA soldier of the South Korean special attack corps paints his eyes during a friendly Taekwondo match at a South Korean Army Base in Pochon, north of Seoul.Stressed out white-collar workers are scaling（攀登）skyscrapers, camping out on rooftops, smashing up restaurants, pretending to be children and even visiting cemeteries in a bid to relieve the pressure of modern life.As the country's economy continues to steam ahead, once popular forms of entertainment, such as karaoke, card games and even boxing bars, appear to be losing their appeal.Consider the members of Shanghai's Cat Rain club. By day, this group of young women works executive jobs, but by night they climb buildings so they can spend the night on the roof."It's a good way to release our pressure. You feel relaxed when you're sitting on the roof, looking up to the sky and chatting with intimate（亲密的）friends," said Gong Ying, 25.The stress of work is not just limited to people in Shanghai.A recently opened restaurant in Beijing encourages customers to smash plates - as long as they are willing to pay to replace them.Though there has been some debate about the extravagance（奢侈）of such services, some psychologists say the activity reflects the desire of some white-collar workers to vent their angst.Some workers even appear eager to return to their childhoods. This May, hundreds of people took part in a festival in which adults pretended to be children. It was an adults-only event, and participants could read comics and eat sweets all day.Scenic places such as parks and rivers can also help people relax and put things in perspective. But a cemetery?Cemetery companies in Shanghai organized visits to local graveyards for stressed-out workers in March. The participants were taken to quiet spots in the cemetery where they could contemplate（考虑、打算）life and their futures.Roof-camper Chen Bin, an IT marketing professional, said she had camped out on a rooftop about 30 times. When she's not sleeping out under the stars, she also has several other adrenalin-fueled interests, such as downhill racing and paragliding."Pressure may bring us distress, but it doesn't mean we can't find ways out," Chen says. "Life should be imaginative."Keys: 1. stress 2. popular 3. past 4. modern 5. roof 6. smash 7.pretend 8. relax 9. sleeping 10. imaginative（2 ）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
2022高考英语：任务型阅读训练(3)及答案
2022高考英语：任务型阅读训练（3）及答案任务型阅读理解，各省市的命名的各不相同，或许有信息匹配、七选五、阅读表达、任务型读写、任务型阅读等等。
七选五训练(2021·北京市东城区其次学期综合练习一)Anxiety is your mental watchman. Its fixed pattern is to search for what may be about to go wrong.It continually, and without your conscious permission, scans your life, even when you are asleep, in dreams and nightmares.__1__ When it finds one, it worries it.Along with depression and anger, anxiety is one of the bad faces of worries. __2__ Controlled by anxiety, you will feel a lack of security and confidence. When anxiety is severe and pained, it can be a sign of a disorder, such as panic or terror.Although anxiety seems to have a biological basis, it is habit-forming for many of us. Some of our anxious feelings are in fact wasted energy. Anxiety has gotten out of hand when it is pointless and repeated. When you are faced with a problem at work, before taking a test, or making an important decision, you will feel anxious. When you are controlled by anxiety, you are unable to control your emotions(情感) to the point of it changing your daily routine and habits.__3__ Or you find you are usually anxious at work or around your family.At times, you should listen to the message of your negative emotions, as uncomfortable as they may be, and change your outward life rather than your emotional life. __4__ If you are worried about the dangers of your brother's new hobby, sky diving, perhaps you ought to tell him so. Taking action may relieve your anxiety.__5__By learning to stop always seeking guarantee, not only can you start to undo the automatic cycle of anxiety, but also you learn that you can manage just fine without the need for constant guarantee. This in turn creates a sense ofself-confidence and self-respect, which is vital to overcome anxiety.A．For these people, saying NO to others is often of much anxiety.B．It reviews your work, your love, your play, until it finds an imperfection.C．Comparing anxiety with depression helps to discuss possible cures for anxiety.D．These three common emotions are considered the cause of most mental illnesses.E．If that doesn't work, then it's time to deal with any automatic thoughts in yourself.F．If you are anxious about the work, you might get to the office an hour earlier every day.G．You find yourself waking up anxious, going through the day anxious and going to bed anxious.文章大意：本文是说明文。
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读(31)含答案解析
江苏高考英语百日训练之任务型阅读（31）含答案解析【题文】You can relax if remembering everything is not your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers Paul Frankland and Blake Richards of the University of Toronto found that the neurobiology（神经生物学） of forgetting can be just as important to our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.“The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decision-making. As such, transience（转瞬即逝） is as important as persistence in memory systems，” their study in Neuron states.Making intelligent decisions does not mean you need to have all the information at hand, it just means you need to hold onto the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most up-to-date information on situations. Our brains do this by generating new neurons（神经元）in our hippocampus（海马体）, which have the power to overwrite existing memories that are influencing our decision-making.“If you''''''''''''''''re trying to deal with the situation and your brain is constantly bringing up multiple conflicting memories, that makes it harder for you to make a wise decision，” Richards told Science Daily.If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brain''''''''''''''''s learning region, try exercising. Moderate aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking, and swimming have been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern, the occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decision-making by stopping us from focusing too much on minor past details. Instead, the brain promotes generalization, helping us remember the most important gist of a conversation.“One of the things that distinguishes an environment where you''''''''''''''''re going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life，” Richards said.If you''''re an analyst who meets with a client weekly, your brain will recognize that this is a client whose name and story you need to remember. If this is someone you may never meet again, your brain will weigh that information accordingly.These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.Title：Being Forgetful Might Actually Mean You''''re ____46____Introduction Recent research proves that being forgetful can be a strength, for forgetting and selective memory are of ____47____importance in our decision-making.The goalofmemory People take advantage of memory to make good decisions rather than ___48___ information.People take advantage of memory to make good decisions rather than ____49____of being forgetful It helps us forget outdated information. ●Making wise decisions involves the existing memories making ___50___forthe latest information.●Meanwhile, too much contradictory informatio n in memory can do harm toour decision-making.●Exercising helps increase neurons, contributing to our ____51____decision-making.It helps us see the big ____52____．●After ____53____the information it gets, the brain chooses to focus on the key points, occasionally forgetting unimportant past details.●Whether to remember or forget particular stuff is ____54____by the degreeof the consistency of the environment and the ____55____ of things reappearing later in life.Conclusion Our brains are working smarter when aiming to remember the right stories, not every story.【答案】46. Smarter 47. equal 48. transmit 49. Advantages/Benefits 50. way/space/room 51. improved/better 52. picture 53. weighing/comparing54. determined/decided 55. likelihood/chance/possibility/probability【解析】本文是说明文，大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择的遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息，选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。
高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc
一、高中英语任务型阅读1．Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. ________ Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child's screen time with other activities.________ Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. ________ So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ________ To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.A. Some negative experiences on social media can and do affect some children.B. However, some experts question claims that too much screen time is harmful.C. He wanted to see if there was a similar effect among young people in the United States.D. So, it is natural that parents should wonder about all the time children spend looking at a screen.E. The researchers found no increase in risky sex or driving behaviors, use of illegal substances or eating disorders.F. The researchers suggested that for those children, technology use might get in the way of taking part in other important activities.【答案】 D；B；C；E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。
2020-2021最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(及答案)
2020-2021最新高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．任务型阅读Information OverloadIn modern society，if we're trying to make a decision，we often have so much information that we get confused，and we don't know what to do．This state is known as information overload．________ It can cause stress，frustration and reduced productivity．But what can we do in the face of information overload？•Plan for only one time each day to check e-mail，social messaging sites，Wechat，etc．Don't allow yourself to check multiple times，unless you truly are waiting for an important e-mail．________And that eats up your valuable time before getting away．If you are suffering from too many electronic interruptions during the weekday，ask people to call or text you during work hours only if it's really an emergency．________Remind yourself that it's okay to not know everything．In fact，it's impossible to keep up with the pace of the information superhighway．The sooner you accept that，the happier you'll be．________ It is good to fall behind on the information that really isn't worth your attention． ________Set aside a regular time each week where you and other family members do not use any kind of electronic media technologies，including television．It could be something you do every weekend，or perhaps an hour or two every evening．A．Just catch up with the happiest moment．B．Know what's worth knowing and what isn't．C．Each time you go online，you run the risk of being addicted to it．D．Spend time with your family free from electronic products．E．We need to find some effective ways to process the information．F． Almost everyone suffers from it to some degree．G．Otherwise they and you end up stealing time from your employer．【答案】F；C；G；B；D【解析】【分析】我们经常有这么多的信息以至于我们会感到迷惑从而不知道如何选择，本文作者就针对如何面对信息过剩这一问题，给出了自己的建议。
【备考高考】最新 版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(及答案)
【备考高考】最新版高考英语任务型阅读专题练习(及答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1．任务型阅读Pleasure and EnjoymentWhen considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness consists in experiencing pleasure: good food, all the comforts that money can buy. We imagine the satisfaction of traveling to exciting places or being surrounded by expensive devices. If we cannot afford those goals, then we are happy to settle for a quiet evening in front of the television set with a drink close by.Pleasure is a feeling of contentment that one achieves whenever expectations set by biological programs or by social conditioning have been met. The taste of food when we are hungry is pleasant because it reduces a physiological (生理的) imbalance. Resting in the evening while passively absorbing information from TV, with alcohol or drugs to dull the mind overexcited by the demands of work, is pleasantly relaxing. Traveling to Acapulco is pleasant because the exciting novelty (新奇) restores our sensations (感觉) exhausted by the repetitive routines of everyday life.When people think further about what makes their lives rewarding, they tend to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap(重叠) with pleasurable ones but fall into a category that deserves a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events occur when a person has not only met some expectation or satisfied a need or a desire but also gone beyond what he or she has been programmed to do and achieved something unexpected, perhaps something even unimagined before.Enjoyment is characterized by this forward movement: by a sense of novelty, of accomplishment. Playing a close game of tennis that stretches one's ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that reveals things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn't know we had. Closing a contested business deal, or any piece of work well done, is enjoyable. None of these experiences may be particularly pleasurable at the time they are taking place, but a fterward we think back on them and say, “That really was fun” and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, that our self has grown: in some respect, we have become more complex as a result of it.Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two sensations are quite different. For instance, everybody takes pleasure in eating. To enjoy food, however, is more difficult. A gourmet (美食家) enjoys eating, as does anyone who pays enough attention to a meal so as to discriminate the various sensations provided by it. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any investment of psychic energy, whereas enjoyment happens only as a result of unusual investments of attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, but it is impossible to enjoy a tennis game, a book, or a conversation unless attention is fully concentrated on the activity.Pleasure and Enjoymentafterward(s)/later；effort(s)/attention；concentration/focus；higher【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了娱乐和愉快的特点，并对两者进行了比较。
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第二节任务型阅读专项训练Type 1认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格1个单词。
（1）White-collar workers going to great lengths for stress reliefA soldier of the South Korean special attack corps paints his eyes during a friendly Taekwondo match at a South Korean Army Base in Pochon, north of Seoul.Stressed out white-collar workers are scaling（攀登）skyscrapers, camping out on rooftops, smashing up restaurants, pretending to be children and even visiting cemeteries in a bid to relieve the pressure of modern life.As the country's economy continues to steam ahead, once popular forms of entertainment, such as karaoke, card games and even boxing bars, appear to be losing their appeal.Consider the members of Shanghai's Cat Rain club. By day, this group of young women works executive jobs, but by night they climb buildings so they can spend the night on the roof."It's a good way to release our pressure. You feel relaxed when you're sitting on the roof, looking up to the sky and chatting with intimate（亲密的）friends," said Gong Ying, 25.The stress of work is not just limited to people in Shanghai.A recently opened restaurant in Beijing encourages customers to smash plates - as long as they are willing to pay to replace them.Though there has been some debate about the extravagance（奢侈）of such services, some psychologists say the activity reflects the desire of some white-collar workers to vent their angst.Some workers even appear eager to return to their childhoods. This May, hundreds of people took part in a festival in which adults pretended to be children. It was an adults-only event, and participants could read comics and eat sweets all day.Scenic places such as parks and rivers can also help people relax and put things in perspective. But a cemetery?Cemetery companies in Shanghai organized visits to local graveyards for stressed-out workers in March. The participants were taken to quiet spots in the cemetery where they could contemplate（考虑、打算）life and their futures.Roof-camper Chen Bin, an IT marketing professional, said she had camped out on a rooftop about 30 times. When she's not sleeping out under the stars, she also has several other adrenalin-fueled interests, such as downhill racing and paragliding."Pressure may bring us distress, but it doesn't mean we can't find ways out," Chen says. "Life should be imaginative."Keys: 1. stress 2. popular 3. past 4. modern 5. roof 6. smash 7. pretend 8. relax9. sleeping 10. imaginative（2 ）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。
注意：每空格1个单词。
Do you raise salmon (鲑鱼) in your classroom at school? Do you ever have class while floating down a river in a canoe? Do you ever throw your school lunch leftovers into a compost (混合肥料) bin when you are finished? They are all part of a regular school day at Barnard Environmental Studies Magnet School in New Haven, Connecticut. Known as a “green” school, Barnard attracts students from all over the region who are interested in environmental studies.“We do Earth Day all the year round,” said Marjorie Drucker, Barnard’s Magnet Resource teacher. With the school’s special classes, its 325 students study the environment all day long. “Being green means that everything in the building is designed with the environment in mind,”Drucker told Scholastic News. For example, the lights go off when people leave the room, and special windows provide “passive light”, cutting down on the need for electric lighting. When a window is open, the air-conditioning automatically turns off.Conserving energy is not all that students do to help the environment. While learning about the dying salmon population in the Connecticut rivers, students also do something to help out---- they raise more salmon. In the classrooms there are fish tanks containing salmon eggs. The eggs are kept in water at two degrees Celsius. After the eggs hatch, students observe the baby salmon through all the stages of development, and then release the adult salmon into Connecticut rivers.Composting is another part of taking care of the environment at Barnard Students deal with their lunches by throwing the remaining food into a compost bin in a greenhouse. The compost is used to help grow plants.At Barnard, almost everything has to do with the environment. Students sing songs about the environment; their artworks have something to do with the environment; even their math classes are focused on protecting the environment.Barnard offers chances that students can’t get in a regular school. The school’s goal is to teach children to be good environmental role models. They also learn to live in a different way. To attend the school, students have to apply and express their interest in protecting the environment. “Students come here because they care about the environment,” said Drucker.答案：1. that 2. off 3. avoided 4. Keeping 5. raised / kept 6. smaller 7.making 8. on / about 9. Different 10. certain3请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。