英汉互译常考谚语成语及《论语》重点翻译

直译冷战：cold war穿梭外交：shuttle diplomacy武装到牙齿：Armed to the teeth君子协定：A gentleman’s agreement打破纪录：To break the record特洛伊木马：The Trojan horse门户开放政策：The open-door police猫有九命：A cat has nine lives吠犬不咬人：A barking dog never bites滚石不生苔：A rolling stone gathers no moss意译法上当，被人利用：to be cat’s paws很不自在：like a fish out of water生在富贵之家：to be born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth同义习语套用法笑掉大牙：to laugh off one’s head猫哭老鼠：to shed crocodile tears捉襟见肘：to be out at elbows花钱如流水（挥金如土）：to spend money like water乱七八糟：at sixes and sevens直译加解释法没有不带刺的玫瑰（世上没有十全的幸福/有苦必有乐）：（There is ）no rose without a thorm 老狗学不出新把戏（老顽固不能学新事物）：An old dog will learn no new tricks（you can not teath old dogs new tricks）膏粱子弟：the children from well-fed families高屋建瓴：pour water off a steep roof好狗应该得好骨头（有功者受奖）：aAgood dog deserves a good bone直译联想法拙匠常怪工具差（不会撑船怪河弯）：Bad workmen often blame their tools.笑别人驼背的人得自己先把身子挺直（己不正不正人）：He who laughs at crooked men shouldneed walk very straight.路必有弯/世上没有直路（事必有变/瓦片也有翻身日）：It is a long lane that has no turning.意译改造法一燕不成夏（一花不是春/一木不成林）：One swallow does not make a summer.无火不起烟（无风不起浪）：no smoke without fire对联增字法人有失手日，马有失蹄时/智者千虑，必有一失/老虎也会打盹，好马也会失蹄/再聪明的人也有糊涂时/伟人也不总是聪明的：Graet men are not always wise好事不出门，坏事传千里：Ill news comes apace.近朱者赤，近墨者黑：He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.等值互借法山中无老虎，猴子称霸王：Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.英雄所见略同：Great minds think alike.趁热打铁：Strike while the iron is hot.有其父必有其子：Like father,like son.有志者事竟成：Where there is a will,there is a way.成语人生七十古来稀：The days of our years are three-score years and ten.掌上明珠：the apple of the eye不露锋芒：hide one’s light under a bushel旧瓶装新酒：new wine in old bottles废物/无价值之物：a dead dog以眼还眼，以牙还牙：eye for eye,tooth for tooth进退两难/进退维谷/在魔鬼与深海之间：between the devil and the deep sea死里逃生/幸免于死:escape by the skin of one’s teeth偷偷摸摸/鬼鬼祟祟：hole and corner不能依靠的人物/压伤的芦苇：a broken reed有眼不识泰山/于不察觉中招待了天使：entertain an angel unawares雷声大雨点小/叫得多，干得几乎没效果：much cry and little wool拦路虎：a lion in the way人不为己，天诛地灭/人人为自己，魔鬼抓到最后的：Everyone for himself and the devil take the hindmost以卵击石/螳臂当车:kick against the pricks一只老鼠坏了一锅汤：a fly in the ointment一视同仁：no respecter of person洗手不干：wash one’s hands of a thing明珠暗投/对牛弹琴/把珍珠抛给猪：cast pearls before swine心有余而力不足：The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.分辨良莠/把好人和坏人分开：Separate the sheep from the goats.聪明保险的办法是向大量谋士求计/谋士多，人便安居：In the multitude of counselors there issafety.百川归海而海不盈：All the rivers run into the sea;yet the sea is not full.赤条条来去无牵挂/因为我们没带什么来到世界上，也不能带什么去：For we brought nothing into this world,and it is certain we can carry nothing out.干徒劳无益的事（对月亮吠叫）：bay the moon既往不咎（事情干了就算了）：What’s done is done.真相终将大白（纸包不住火）：Murder will out.同床异梦：strange bedfellows作法自毙（用炸药来炸翻自己）：be hoist with one’s own petard无事生非，无事自扰：much ado about nothing情人眼里出西施（爱情是盲目的）：Love is blind.在其位不谋其政（占着茅坑不拉屎）：a dog in the manger养虎遗患、姑息恶人，必将受害：cherish a snake in one’s bosom笑面虎/披着羊皮的狼：a wolf in sheep’s clothing朝三暮四：blow hot and cold烽火戏诸侯（发假警报）：cry wolf杀鸡取卵，竭泽而渔：kill the goose that lays the golden eggs子曰：“学而时习之，不亦悦乎。

有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。

人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎。

”The Master said, "Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Is he not a man of complete virture, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?"曾子曰：“为人谋，而不忠乎？与朋友交，而不信乎？传不习乎？”The philosopher Tsang said, "I daily examine myself of three points:--whether,in transacting business for others,I may have been not faithful;--whether,in intercourse with friends,I may have not sincere;--whether,I may have not mastered and practised the instructions of my teacher.”子曰：“不患人之不己知，患不知人也。

”The Master said, "I will not be afficted at men’s not knowing me,I will be afflicted that I do not know men.”子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣”The Master said, "If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge,so as continually to be acquiring the new, he may be a teacher of others.”子曰：“见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。

”The Master said, "When we see men of worth,we should think of equaling them,when we see men of a contrary character,we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.”子曰：“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦”The Master said, "The silent treasuring up of knowledge;Learning without satiety,and instructing others withou being wearied.”子曰：“……不义而富且贵，与我如浮云”The Master said, "……Riches and honors acquired by unrighteousness are to me as a floating cloud.”三人行，必有我师焉。

则其善者而从之，其不善者而改之The Master said, "When I walk along with two others, they may serve me as my teachers.I will select their good qualities and follow them,their bad qualities and avoid them.”子曰：“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也”The Master said, "The commander of the forces of a large state may be carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be taken from him.”子曰：“岁寒，然后知松柏之后凋也”The Master said, "When the year becomes cold,then we know how the pine and the cypress are the last to lost their leaves.”子曰：“其身正，不令而行，其身不正，虽令不从”The Master said, "When a prince’s personal conduct is correct,his government is effective without the issuing of orders.If his personal conduct is not correct,he may issue orders,but they will not be followed.”子曰：“言必信，行必果”The Master said, "They are determined to be sincere in what they say,and to carry out what ther do.”子曰：“人无远虑，必有近忧”The Master said, "If a man takes no thought about what is distant,he will find sorrow near at hand.”子曰“己所不欲，勿施于人”The Master said, "……What you do not want done to youself,do not do to others.”子曰：“饱食终日，无所用心，难以哉”The Master said, "Hard is it to deal with him,who will stuff himself with food the whole day, without applying his mind to anything good!”老吾老，以及人之老，幼吾幼，以及人之幼Treat with the reverence due to age the elders in your own family,so that the elders in the families of others shall be similarly treated;treat with the kindness due to youth the young in your own family,so that the young in the families of others shall be similarly treated.”孟子曰：“天时不如地利，地利不如人和”Mencius said, "Opportunites of time vouchsafed by Heaven are not equal toadvantages of situation afforded by the Earth,and advantages of situation afforded by the Earth are not equal to the union arising from the accord of Men.得道者多助，失道者寡助He who finds the proper course has many to assist him.He who loses the proper course has few to assist him.孟子曰：“饥者甘食，渴者甘饮”Mencius said, "The hungry think any food sweet,and the thirsty think the same of any drink.”孟子曰：“养心，莫善于寡欲”Mencius said, "To nourish the heart there is nothing better than to make the desires few…”。