湛江二模
广东省湛江市2024届高三二模试题(解析)
广东省湛江市2024届高三二模语文试题一、现代文阅读（35分）（—）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。
“情节”在中文语汇中，用法跟亚里士多德的完全不同。
李卓吾批注《水浒传》：“每于小小事上生出情节来，只是贵真不贵造。
”《水浒传》三十七回：“宋江因见了这两人，心中欢喜，吃了几杯，忽然心里想要鱼藻汤吃。
”李卓吾批注：“从极小极近处，生出情节，引出鱼牙主人来，妙甚。
”这些都是以情节论小说的例子。
情节，只是说文章中的一个段落、一个关目、一节故事。
之所以节目关目又称为情节，是因为中国文学强调情。
人们一般都知道我国诗词以抒情为主，可是我国叙事文学一样重视情。
或者说我国文化本来就重情。
因此我们很少说“事”，总是说“事情”。
李卓吾讲“从碎小闲淡处生出节目来，情景逼现”，也是由情讲节。
亚里士多德《诗学》传入中国后，我们用了“情节”这个词去译他的muthos乃是不得已的。
因为我国本无他所说的那些概念，故无一相对之词汇可供对译。
勉强译为“情节”自然也就引发了不少误解。
例如中国文学中情节的核心精神在于情，亚里士多德却是位绝对的理性论者。
他所说的“情节”与情无关，反而强调理性的统一秩序。
这个秩序既需完整，有开始、中间、结尾，又需长短适中，形成一个完美的结构，难怪他被视为美学理性论的创始人，重视秩序、大小、计算、完整等概念。
可是，中国人说情节与结构，含意恰好相反。
《儒林外史》卧闲草堂本三十三回；“凡作一部大书，如匠石营宫室，必先具结构于胸中。
孰为厅堂，孰为卧室，孰为书斋、灶厨，一一布置停当，然后可以兴工。
”《水浒传》金圣叹评本十三回：“有全书在胸而始下笔著书者。
”中国小说、戏曲若论结构，大抵如此，会从“胸中丘壑”方面立论。
这与亚里士多德从剧本、剧场去谈结构长短等，可说南辕北辙。
中国人讲结构当然也有由文本上说的一面。
但这属于“法”的一面，中国人总喜欢说“文无定法”，不会像亚里士多德那样拘泥。
邹强说：“随事作文，不可固执。
2023年广东省湛江市经开区中考数学二模试卷(含解析)
2023年广东省湛江市经开区中考数学二模试卷一、选择题（本大题共10小题，共30.0分。
在每小题列出的选项中，选出符合题目的一项）1. 王老师给全班同学留了一个特色寒假作业，画一张有关兔子的图画，以下四个图形是开学后收上来的图画中的一部分，其中是轴对称图形的是( )A. B. C. D.2. 下列各数中，为无理数的是( )B. 0C. 3D. 3.5A. −3273. 函数y=x x−5中，自变量x的取值范围是( )A. x>0且x≠5B. x≥5C. x>5D. x≤54. 已知a<b<0，则点A(a−b,ab)在第象限．( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限5. 若方程3x+1=4和方程2x+a=0的解相同，则a=( )A. 1B. 2C. −1D. −26. 下列说法中，正确的是( )①对角线垂直且互相平分的四边形是菱形；②对角线相等的四边形是矩形；③同弧或等弧所对的圆周角相等；④弧分为优弧和劣弧．A. ①④B. ①③C. ①③④D. ②③④7.如图，在△ABC中，点E，F分别是AB，BC边上的中点，连接EF，如果AC=6cm，那么EF的长是( )A. 3cmB. 4cmC. 5cmD. 6cm8. 某超市一月份的营业额为300万元，第一季度的营业额共1200万元，如果平均每月增长率为x，则由题意可列方程为( )A. 300(1+x)2=1200B. 300+300×2x=1200C. 300+300×3x=1200D. 300[1+(x+1)+(x+1)2]=12009.如图，AB是△ABC外接⊙O的直径，点D在⊙O上，且∠BDC=41°，则∠ABC=( )A. 39°B. 41°C. 49°D. 59°10. 定义：如果a x=N(a>0,a≠1)，那么x叫做以a为底N的对数，记做x=log a N.例如：因为72=49，所以log749=2；因为53=125，所以log5125=3.则下列说法正确的个数为( )①log61=0；②log323=3log32；③若log2(3−a)=log827，则a=0；④log2xy=log2x+log2y(x>0,y>0)．A. 4B. 3C. 2D. 1二、填空题（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）11. 对我国“天宫空间站梦天实验舱”的零部件检查应采用的调查方式为______ .(填“普查”或“抽样调查”)．12. 在平面直角坐标系中，点P(2,−3)到x轴的距离是______ ．13. 已知圆锥的母线长为8，底面半径为6，则此圆锥的侧面积是．14.如图，在网格中，小正方形的边均1，点A、B、O在格点上，则∠OAB正弦是．15. 小学里我们学过梯形，如图，一个小梯形的下底长为2a，上底和两腰长都为a，用小梯形按图所示拼接，观察图形、表格，若小梯形的个数为2022，则拼接所成图形的周长是______a.梯形个数12345…n图形周长5a8a11a14a17a…三、解答题（本大题共8小题，共75.0分。
2023届广东省湛江市高三二模作文“生与熟”评讲课件28张
读1、2号文，你打几分，并说明你的打分理由
4
优秀范文：由生得熟练，熟中创新生
凡绘画之通皆由生而熟，郑板桥却自出心裁，主张更要熟中有生，由胸 有成竹提升到胸无成竹的境界，这由生至熟再至生的过程无频带给我们启迪在 生活中，不止于绘画，其他领域亦需我们做到由生得熟练，熟中创新生。
由生入熟。生为一无所知，熟为已俱功力；由熟再生，生则为创新转化， 跳出案白。前者似文与可画竹，挥毫千遍已能胸有成竹，后着似郑板桥画竹， 胸无定竹，千变万化，新意进出。欲达臻境要经过由生至熟的初步吸纳，再有 由熟创生的灵感升“熟”是相对的 2、循序渐进，“熟”而出新。 3、既要”胸有成竹，更要“胸无成竹”
1 可用于本次作文的素材
1.庖丁解牛 2.达芬奇画蛋 3.欧阳修笔下的卖油翁 4.熟能通其窍,精能尽其妙。（杜甫） 5.熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟。（孙洙）
存在问题
1.偷换关键词（如用创新替代材料的第二个“生”），存 在贴标签式表述； 2.三词关系跳跃，关键词之间的逻辑关系没有理清,缺合 理递进或反推； 3.素材不足； 4.熟到生的重要性和时代性着墨不多
学无止境，学无定法。任何领域的学习都历经生到熟的过 程，都需要我们认认真真，规规矩矩下苦功夫去沉潜涵泳。但 是，当我们进入熟境之后，我们仍需警惕人性中的惰性，不迷 惑于轻车熟路的简便轻松，更不囿于成规故法，而是要走出舒 适圈，敢于突破、敢于创新，追求法外之趣。
2024届广东省湛江市高考二模地理试题(含答案解析)
2024届广东省湛江市高考二模地理试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题在快速城镇化进程中，交通网络的高效性成为城市规划的重要方面。
日本东京高度发达且密集的公共交通网络（如图），包括地铁、私铁（日本私营铁路）、JR（日本旅客铁路）等，它们共同支撑着这个超大城市的运行。
东京的交通规划特别注重多模式交通的无缝对接、交通拥堵的缓解、出行方式的融合。
完成下面小题。
1．影响东京公共交通网络效率的关键因素是（）A．乘车客流量B．覆盖范围C．换乘便捷性D．运行频率2．推测为缓解交通拥堵，东京城市规划的重点为（）A．道路扩建B．地铁优先C．停车管制D．拥堵收费3．JR山手线的建设主要有利于（）A．降低东京中心区常住人口密度B．改善郊区生态环境C．扩大农业种植面积D．推动大量人口迁移传统村落又称古村落，是具有丰富的文化与自然资源的村庄，被认为是中国农耕文明的“活化石”，蕴藏着丰富的历史信息和文化景观。
我国西北地区传统村落旅游早年发展程度较低，近年来不断发展，有效推动了乡村振兴战略的实施。
下图示意传统村落旅游发展机制。
完成下面小题。
4．据图推测，早期西北地区传统村落旅游发展程度较低的主要影响因素是（）A．人口数量B．生态环境C．基础设施D．旅游资源5．近年来，西北地区传统村落旅游坚持以“集群系统性保护发展，差异化发展”为规划策略，可以避免（）A．产业模式多样化B．冲击原住民生活C．游客体验感欠佳D．同质化现象突出甘肃省农业碳排放总量变化趋势可大致分为持续上升和波动下降两个阶段。
种植业碳排放量在甘肃省农业碳排放总量中约占60%，畜牧业约占40%。
下图示意甘肃省各市州农业碳排放量及年均增长率。
完成下面小题。
6．甘肃省农业碳排放量（）A．兰州略高于临夏B．年均增长率陇南大于庆阳C．武威远高于白银D．年均增长率天水大于张掖7．推测嘉峪关一直处于低碳排放水平的主要原因是（）A．地理面积较小B．自然条件恶劣C．常住人口较多D．生态环境较好8．甘肃省减少农业碳排放量亟须采取的措施是（）A．调整产业结构B．增加农业能耗C．降低生产成本D．大量燃烧秸秆新英湾位于海南省北部，是一个半封闭内湾，有春江、徐浦河和北门江等三条较大河流注入。
2023年广东省湛江市霞山区中考二模道德与法治试题
2023年第二次中考模拟测试九年级道德与法治(满分：100分考试时间：60分钟)一、选择题(共有20小题，每小题3分，共60分。
在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意要求的答案，请把正确答案前面的字母填在括号内)1、好年华遇到好时代，年轻就该“燃”起来!习近平总书记4月25日在考察中国人民大学时强调：“在青春的赛道上奋力奔跑，争取跑出当代青年的最好成绩!”这启示我们( )A.青春是多彩的，要不甘平凡，打破常规B.青春是美好的，要珍情青春，尽情享乐C.青春是热血的，要奋力拼博，实现梦想D.青春是可塑的，只要肯努力，就能成功2、2022年6月22日是国际禁毒日，某校开展了禁毒宣传活动，准备向全校同学征集“禁毒宣传“标语。
以下可采纳的宣传标语有( )①健康人生，绿色无毒②抵制毒品，人人有责③珍爱生命，远离毒品④吸毒有害，绝不多吸A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④3、对下列古诗词，解读正确的是( )A.己所不欲，勿施于人一文明有礼B.羞恶之心，义之端也一行己有耻C.恻隐之心，仁之端也一止于至善D.不以物喜，不以己悲一自立自强4、如今，使用互联网已成为中学生学习生活的一部分。
右图调查结果提醒我们( )A.网络上的内容都是消极的B.网络让生活更加丰富多彩C.禁止使用手机和远离网络D.要磨砺意志提高自控能力5、欢欢和乐乐是好朋友。
生活上，他们分享快乐，分担烦恼；学习上，他们你追我赶，共同提高学习成绩。
由此可见( )A.友谊总是一成不变的B.竞争并不必然伤害友谊C.友谊只能在互助中升华D.友谊决定着人生的方向6、神州十四号航天员蔡旭哲在记者见而会上说：“我们朝夕相处、并肩战斗，共同经历了12年的学习和训练，我们始终都是使命共同体、责任共同体和荣誉共同体。
我们有信心，有决心坚决完成任务。
”对这段话理解正确的是( )A.在集体中应充分尊重和保护个人利益B.美好的集体应当善于合作，敢于竞争C.集体的共同愿景引领集体成员团结进取D.把个人融人集体中，定能取得事业的成功7、2022年7月27日，国家主席习近平向杜富国、钱七虎、聂海胜等获得“八一勋章”的同志颁授助章和证书。
广东省湛江市2024届普通高考第二次模拟测试生物试卷(含答案)
广东省湛江市2024届普通高考第二次模拟测试生物试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．系统素是一条多肽链（18肽）。
植物被昆虫食害后，体内系统素从受伤害处传至未受伤害处，激活蛋白酶抑制剂基因的表达，促进防御蛋白质的合成。
下列说法错误的是( )A.系统素由 18个氨基酸通过脱水缩合形成B.推测系统素是一种信号传递分子C.促进蛋白酶抑制剂基因的表达有助于植物防御能力的提高D.高温处理后的系统素不会与双缩脲试剂发生颜色反应2．盐酸同唾液淀粉酶一样，可以促进淀粉的水解，同时作为胃酸的成分，为胃蛋白酶活性的发挥提供适宜的酸性环境。
下列说法错误的是( )A.胃蛋白酶的最适pH 小于唾液淀粉酶的B.相比于盐酸，唾液淀粉酶为淀粉的水解提供的活化能更多C.用唾液淀粉酶和胃蛋白酶分别作用于淀粉，可验证酶的专一性D.在唾液淀粉酶和胃蛋白酶的加工成熟过程中，均需要用到囊泡运输3．将紫色洋葱外表皮细胞放于某种无机盐溶液中，其质壁分离程度随时间的变化情况如图所示。
下列推测正确的是( )A. t1时刻与t3时刻的洋葱外表皮细胞中的溶质含量相等B. t2时刻，洋葱外表皮细胞开始吸收溶液中的无机盐离子C.在实验过程中，洋葱外表皮细胞液泡的颜色先变深后变浅D. t4时刻之后，洋葱外表皮细胞继续吸水直至细胞涨破4．部分碱基发生甲基化修饰会抑制基因的表达。
研究发现，大豆体内的 GmMYC2 基因表达会抑制脯氨酸的合成，使大豆的耐盐能力下降。
下列说法错误的是( )A.可通过检测DNA的碱基序列确定该DNA是否发生甲基化B.基因发生甲基化的过程中不涉及磷酸二酯键的生成与断裂C.若GmMYC2 基因发生甲基化，则可能会提高大豆的耐盐能力D.脯氨酸的合成可能增大了大豆根部细胞细胞液的渗透压5．尿黑酸尿症为受一对基因控制的常染色体隐性遗传病，某该病患者经过基因测序，发现每个致病基因上存在2个突变位点，第1个位点的C突变为 T，第2个位点的T 突变为G。
2024湛江二模英语作文
2024湛江二模英语作文The year 2024 has been a remarkable one for the city of Zhanjiang. The second mock exam, or "Er Mo" in Chinese, is a significant event for students preparing for their college entrance exams. It's a time of intense focus and determination, as they navigate through the challenges of the English section, which is known for its comprehensive assessment of language skills.In the English composition section of the Zhanjiang second mock exam, students are often tasked with expressing their thoughts on a variety of topics. This year's prompts have been particularly thought-provoking, encouraging students to delve into issues of culture, education, and personal growth.One of the most talked-about essays this year was on the impact of technology on traditional learning methods. Students were asked to weigh the pros and cons, and many expressed a nuanced view that recognized the benefits of digital tools while also valuing the irreplaceable aspects of face-to-face interaction.Another essay prompt that resonated with many was about the role of youth in community service. It inspired a wave of reflections on how young people can contribute to society, with many highlighting the importance of empathy and active participation in local initiatives.The mock exam also included a creative writing section, where students were given the freedom to craft a short story based on a set of given themes. This allowed for a burst of imagination, with tales ranging from science fiction to historical fiction, showcasing the diversity of thought and creativity among Zhanjiang's students.The English compositions from the Zhanjiang mock exam are not just academic exercises; they are a window into the minds of the next generation. They reveal aspirations, concerns, and a keen sense of the world around them. As the students prepare for the real exams, these essays serve as a testament to their growth and readiness to face the future.。
2024年广东省湛江市廉江市中考二模英语试题
2024年广东省湛江市廉江市中考二模英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、补全对话请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
选项中有一项为多余选项。
Tony:Good morning,Daming.Daming:Good morning,Tony.Tony:Do you know where the Lingnan Cinema is?Daming:Yes,it’s on Xinhua Road.Tony:1Daming:Sure.You can take Bus No.8to get there.2Tony:The Lingnan Cinema is a little far from here.Is there a faster way to get there?Daming:Well,you can take a taxi.3Tony:Great!Oh,and one more thing.What time does the cinema close?Daming:4You’d better ask the front desk at the cinema.Tony:Thank you so much.5Daming:Sorry,I plan to play football with my friends this afternoon.Tony:What a pity!A．Would you like to go with me this afternoon?B．Could you tell me how to get there?C．It’s faster,but it’s more expensive.D．It takes you about40minutes.E．Perhaps at3.a.m.F．Can I walk there?二、语法选择Komori is a13-year-old girl from Japan.She made6big discovery about a lost animal from her country. Komori loves animals.But of all the animals,she loves extinct(灭绝的)ones7,especially the Japanese wolf. This animal8out more than a hundred years ago.She read many books about it.9she was10,Komorivisited the National Museum of Nature and Science with her father.During her visit,Komori saw a specimen(标本).She said to10father,“Look!Dad,it’s a wolf.”She then went to the tour guide and asked11the specimen was a Japanese wolf.“I don’t know,”said the tour guide.After that,Komori and two researchers began to look into where the specimen came from.At last,they got to know something about it.121888,two Japanese wolves arrived at Ueno Zoo from Japan.They thought the specimen might be one of them.Finally,the specimen13out by Komori from a room.“Komori has a real talent for noticing things,”one of the14said.“15clever the girl is!We all admire her.”6．A．a B．an C．the7．A．good B．better C．best8．A．die B．is dying C．died9．A．When B．Because C．Since10．A．she B．her C．hers11．A．that B．who C．if12．A．On B．In C．At13．A．was picked B．picked C．is picked14．A．researcher B．researchers C．research15．A．What a B．What C．How三、完形填空Have you ever almost hit someone when opening the car door without looking16?Ju Wenxuan is a 14-year-old girl.She made a new tool to help17these accidents on her own.“During busy times when I was in the back of a car,it was really18to see if it was safe to open the door,”Ju said.Ju found that some devices(装置)can help with this19.But they are usually only in newer20 cars.People can’t use them in their older cars.So Ju21her best to make a new tool that can be used by any car. People can put it on the car’s rearview mirror(后视镜).When a person or a car gets close or someone pulls the door handle,it will sound an alarm.Ju also asked people how much they would22this tool.Most wanted it to be between100and300yuan. So she worked hard to lower the cost.She used as few parts as possible to make it23.“If my24becomes popular,it can stop accidents.It can also help keep kids25.If a stranger getsclose to kids,it will sound an alarm right now.What a great tool it is!”Ju said. 16．A．carelessly B．dangerously C．carefully D．successfully 17．A．increase B．begin C．stop D．encourage 18．A．hard B．easy C．interesting D．exciting 19．A．housework B．problem C．stress D．answer 20．A．beautiful B．old C．short D．smart 21．A．lost B．tried C．kept D．enjoyed 22．A．pay for B．look for C．wait for D．care for 23．A．taller B．shorter C．farther D．cheaper 24．A．invention B．book C．food D．lesson 25．A．funny B．popular C．safe D．slow四、阅读理解A high-rise fire happened on Feb.23in Nanjing,Jiangsu.Thefire killed15people and injured44people.An electric bicycleparked on the building’s ground floor caused the fire.What todo if a high-rise fire starts:·If the fire is on a higher floor,run down the stairs(楼梯).·If the fire is on your floor,put on wet clothes,cover yourmouth and nose with a wet towel and go down the stairsquickly.·If there is thick smoke outside your door,close the door andstay where you e a wet towel to seal the gap(堵住缝隙)under the door,and quickly call119for help.Don’ts in a high-rise fire:·Don’t waste time packing up yourimportant things.·Don’t take the elevator.·Don’t blindly jump off a building.26．When did the high-rise fire happen in Nanjing,Jiangsu?A．On Feb.15.B．On Feb.23.C．On Mar.25.D．On April23.27．What caused the high-rise fire?A．The dry weather.B．An electric bicycle.C．A car accident.D．A candle.28．If there is thick smoke outside your door,you should do the following EXCEPT_______.A．closing the doorB．calling119for help quicklyC．opening your door and ran down stairsD．using a wet towel to seal the gap under the door29．How many Don’ts are mentioned when you face a high-rise fire?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.30．Where is the passage probably from?A．A travel magazine.B．A novel.C．An advertisement.D．A poster.Many of us like to watch and post short videos.But can we share whatever we like,even with the wrong information?A blogger said sorry for one video she posted on Feb.16.In the video,she said that she had found a student’s holiday workbook and said the student’s name was Qin Lang.Many Internet users checked the student’s name,grade and school.They found out the video might not be real.In a new video,the blogger claimed(声称)that she had given the wrong information to protect the student’s privacy(隐私).Some people might not think it’s a big deal if you make a video with the wrong information.They believe that saying sorry will fix everything.But it’s not that simple.According to the Law of the PRC on Penalties for Administration of Public Security(《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》),if the videos don’t care about the truth and disturb(扰乱)public order,their makers will get punished.It’s important to be creative when people make short videos.However,it is not OK to make up stories and break the law.As early as2000,the State Council issued the Administrative Measures on Internet Information Services(《互联网信息服务管理办法》).It bans(禁止)spreading rumors and disturbing the social order.If you break the law,you could get into trouble.For example,you might get your social media account stopped,have to pay fines,get detained(拘留)oreven go to jail(监狱).31．Why is the blogger’s event mentioned in Paragraph2?A．To give reasons.B．To show opinions.C．To share experiences.D．To lead in the topic.32．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Sharing fake stories online is allowed.B．Video makers must get punished if they post videos.C．Some people believe that saying sorry can fix everything online.D．The blogger got praised because she protected a student’s privacy.33．What does the underlined word“rumors”in Paragraph4probably mean?A．Short videos.B．Creative stories.C．Stories that may not real.D．Personal information.34．What kind of trouble might you get into according to the Administrative Measures on Internet Information Services?a.get the social media account stoppedb.say sorry in the videoc.get detainedd.pay finese.go to jailf.get praisedA．a,b,c,d B．a,c,d,e C．a,c,d,f D．b,c,d,e35．Which can be the best title for the passage?A．Get the facts right B．Be creative in everyday lifeC．Saying sorry can fix everything D．The power of short videos配对阅读。
2023年广东省湛江市经济技术开发区中考二模历史试题(无答案)
….2023年第二次中考模拟测试九年级历史（考试时间：80分钟）一、单项选择题。
（本大题30小题，每题2分，共60分。
每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个是正确的。
请将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑）1．某同学在对中国早期人类的历史进行研究性学习时列出了以下考古成就。
据此我们可知（）时间考古学家考古成就1929年裴文中发现第一个北京人头盖骨化石；发现古人类用火遗迹1933-1934年裴文中发现3个完整的山顶洞人头盖骨化石1936年贾兰坡发现三个北京猿人头盖骨化石1965年——在云南元谋县发掘出远古人类的两颗门齿化石A．北京人是我国境内已确认的最早远古人类 B．学会用火是人类进化史上的里程碑C．我国境内早期人类都生活在旧石器时代 D．化石是研究远古人类历史的重要证据2．在《甲骨文编》中“福”字有50种构型（下图为其中的三种构型），它们都是商周时期人们“双手捧酒献于祭台”的具象化，反映了当时人们的生活场景。
这体现了（）A．甲骨文是体系完备的文字 B．甲骨文生动形象的造字特点C．宴饮活动推动了文字诞生 D．汉字的发展是一脉相承的3．从出土的云梦秦简看，秦国对各个生产领域的管理指标十分具体详细，从粮食生产、加工，到劳动者饮食标准、衣物的供给等，都有精确的规定。
这表明当时秦国（）A．人民负担沉重 B．法律法规严苛 C．注重经济管理 D．奠定统一基础4．魏主下诏，以为：“北人谓土为拓，后为跋。
魏之先出于黄帝，以土德王，故为拓跋氏。
夫土者，黄中之色，万物之元也。
宜改姓元氏。
诸功臣旧族自代（按：代，郡名，今山西省东北、河北省西北一带）来者，姓或重复，皆改之。
”材料说明孝文帝改革（）A．实行开明的民族政策 B．丰富了鲜卑文化的内涵C．消除了民族之间的隔阂 D．根植于对华夏文化的认同5．下表所示信息折射出，隋朝（）事项概况出处修通通济渠公元605年，发河南诸郡男女百余万，经6个月，修成。
《隋书·炀帝纪》修通永济渠公元608年，诏发河北诸郡男女百余万，经1个月，修成。
广东省湛江市2023届高三二模考试语文试题及答案解析
广东省湛江市2023届高三二模考试语文试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，17分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。
材料一：中华文明探源工程等重大工程的研究成果，实证了中国百万年的人类史、一万年的文化史、五千多年的文明史。
历史来路中，中华文明形成了“讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同”的精神特质和发展形态。
所谓精神特质，是意识、思维与一般心理状态中，区别于他者的独特性质与内容。
或许有人说，强调“爱”与“百姓”、“诚信”与“正义”等并不鲜见。
但实际上，中华文明中的诸精神特质，具有的并不是抽象、孤立或暂时的价值，而是深刻的历史沉淀与现实影响。
精神特质作为一种社会意识与上层建筑，必然由一定的物质基础产生。
人类社会发展过程中，农业起源和文明起源相互联系。
据考古研究，中国的农作物驯化和农业起源至少可追溯到一万年前，以农业生产为主导经济的农业社会在距今五千五百年前后正式建立。
可以说，中国在东亚独特的地理环境下孕育的生产方式，构成了生产关系与上层建筑发展的基础，塑造了传统中国对人与人、人与自然关系的认识与处理，而中华文明的精神特质正是孕于其中的。
同时，中华文明的精神特质，不是孤立地生发于物质生产，而是作为集中体现与突出标识，反映着中华民族的文化传统。
立足世俗、追求“天道”、重视包容等特征，在关于中华文化传统的众多讨论中屡被提及。
中华文明体系并非以宗教为核心，其对此岸世界和世俗性的重视包含着“仁者爱人”“民为邦本”的要求。
中华文明独特的“天道”观，其本质是对社会公德和集体伦理体系的追求，诚信、正义等正是其中的重要价值。
“和而不同”“有教无类”，见证了中华文明自古形成的包容性，大同与和合寓于其中，成为民族传承千余年的认同与追求。
可以说，讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同，这些中华民族的精神特质是一种典型的社会意识，在以千年计的文明发展历程中发展、完善着自身。
广东省湛江一中下学期2025届高三第二次模拟考试数学试卷含解析
广东省湛江一中下学期2025届高三第二次模拟考试数学试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．已知实数x ，y 满足约束条件2202202x y x y x +-≥⎧⎪-+≥⎨⎪≤⎩，则22x y +的取值范围是（ ）A．⎣ B ．4,85⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦C ．2,85⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D ．[]1,82．若双曲线E ：221x y m n-=(0)mn >绕其对称中心旋转3π后可得某一函数的图象，则E 的离心率等于（ ）ABC ．2D ．23．若,,x a b 均为任意实数，且()()22231a b ++-=，则()()22ln x a x b -+- 的最小值为（ ） A．B ．18C．1 D．19-4．双曲线2212y x -=的渐近线方程为（ ）A．y x = B ．y x =±C．y = D．y =5．已知ABC 的内角A 、B 、C 的对边分别为a 、b 、c ，且60A =︒，3b =，AD 为BC 边上的中线，若72AD =，则ABC 的面积为（ ） ABC ．154D6．已知集合{}{}22(,)4,(,)2xA x y x yB x y y =+===，则AB 元素个数为( )A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．47．如图所示，已知某几何体的三视图及其尺寸（单位：cm ），则该几何体的表面积为( )A ．15π2cmB ．21π2cmC ．24π2cmD ．33π2cm8．已知12,F F 分别为双曲线2222:1x y C a b-=的左、右焦点，点P 是其一条渐近线上一点，且以12F F 为直径的圆经过点P ，若12PF F ∆的面积为b 2233，则双曲线的离心率为（ ） A ．3 B ．2C ．5D ．39．已知1111143579π≈-+-+-，如图是求π的近似值的一个程序框图，则图中空白框中应填入A ．121i n =-- B ．12i i =-+ C ．(1)21ni n -=+D ．(1)2ni i -=+10．已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为22n a n =+，将这个数列中的项摆放成如图所示的数阵.记n b 为数阵从左至右的n 列，从上到下的n 行共2n 个数的和，则数列n n b ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前2020项和为（ ）A ．10112020B ．20192020C ．20202021D ．1010202111．已知命题p ：1m =“”是“直线0x my -=和直线0x my +=互相垂直”的充要条件；命题q ：对任意()2,∈=+a R f x x a 都有零点；则下列命题为真命题的是（ ）A ．()()p q ⌝∧⌝B ．()p q ∧⌝C ．p q ∨D ．p q ∧12．已知双曲线C 的两条渐近线的夹角为60°，则双曲线C 的方程不可能为（ ）A ．221155x y -=B ．221515x y -=C ．221312y x -=D ．221217y x -=二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。
广东省湛江地区六校联考2025届高中毕业班第二次质量检测试题英语试题含答案
广东省湛江地区六校联考2025届高中毕业班第二次质量检测试题英语试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、Lucy, why didn’t you come to the party yesterday?I ______ my little sister at home.A．looked after B．look afterC．will look after D．have looked after2、—do you go to work every day?—By bike.A．What B．Who C．How D．When3、—If you haven’t finished ________ the book, you can renew it.—OK. I will.A．read B．to read C．reads D．reading4、一I went someone to write the report for me.一No! As a student, you depend on yourself.A．will B．can C．shall D．may5、—After watching Peng Liyuan’s speech about TB, Father has already decided to give up smoking．—Congratulations!_________．A．A miss is as good as a mile．B．Better late than never．C．Do in Rome as the Romans do．D．Everything comes to him who waits．6、–What did your teacher say just now?--He asked me __________.A．how could I work it outB．when did I go to the libraryC．why I am late for schoolD．if I had get ready for the exam7、If you ________ your homework now, you ________ it before dinner.A．start; finish B．will start; will finishC．start; will finish D．will start; finish8、Vivien worked very hard at all her lessons. __________, she became the top student in her class.A．In order to B．As a result C．As usual D．For example9、I will go shopping with Jimmy tonight．_____．Youʼll have two tests tomorrow．A．Itʼs nice to say so．B．Thatʼs exciting．C．Enjoy yourself．D．You canʼt be serious．10、—Excuse me, could you please tell me the way to the museum?—I’m sorry. I haven’t been there before. You may ask ____________.A．somebody else B．else anybody C．else somebody D．anybody elseⅡ. 完形填空11、I’d like to tell you something about my trip.First,we landed in Cape Town and took a taxi to our new friend Richard’s house.We 1 there for a few nights.We did some cool things.We visited a bird and monkey park and saw many kinds of African 2 there.After 3 some time with Richard and his daughter,we left them to go to a place called Grootbos. 4 we were there,we saw my dad’s friend Michael and we had supper together.We had fun 5 Michael and staying at Grootbos.The food there was great.We really enjoyed 6 .The next morning,we went to see whales and we got really 7 because we saw twelve of them.One pair came right up to the boat and rolled over on top of each other.From Grootbos we 8 to Cape Town to meet our friends who came to visit us on their vacation.We were both so9 to have friends from home coming to 10 us in Africa.We spent a few days with them.It was very cool visiting Grootbos with them.Now we are going Oil Safari.I’ll tell you about that later.1．A．ate B．stayed C．swam D．sat2．A．fruits B．cars C．birds D．vegetables3．A．losing B．missing C．spending D．serving4．A．While B．Unless C．After D．Because5．A．speaking B．meeting C．watching D．catching6．A．ourselves B．themselves C．himself D．yourselves7．A．famous B．sad C．angry D．lucky8．A．went back B．truned off C．got on D．put down9．A．worried B．frightened C．excited D．bored10．A．offer B．set C．hit D．visitⅢ. 语法填空12、The first thing people notice about other people is the way they look. If you look clean, people 1．(feel) as if you are a hard-working person. A nice look shows that you value 2．(you). A nice look doesn’t mean you have to spend a lot of money3．clothes or accessories(配饰). Someone can look uncomfortable in 4．expensive suit if they don’t brush their hair o r clean their clothes. Someone else can seem to be good-looking in an old shirt and pants that has been cleaned. Besides, it’s also important 5．(consider) if your look is suitable for the situation. You may look lovely in your party clothes or feel 6．(confidence) in your business suit, 7．these would look out of style in a more casual(随便的) situation such as at a picnic or at the movies. It’s important to be comfortable in 8．you’re wearing, but you also need to fit in with what other people will be wearing. Wear suits for 9．you and the situation best: jeans and T-shirts are fine for friends and 10．(movie); a nice shirt and pants are more suitable for work.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Is there a difference in meaning between "It's too late to telephone. Mary is asleep now." and "It's too late to telephone. Mary will be asleep now."Yes. The difference is in the reason given for it being too late to telephone. In the first sentence "Mary is asleep now", the speaker is stating（陈述）a fact. In the second sentence "Mary will be asleep now", the speaker is saying what Mary usually does. In fact, it's possible that Mary isn't asleep, but she is usually asleep at this time.So let's take two situations. In the first case, imagine Mary's mother answers the telephone.You: "May I speak to Mary, please?"Mother: "No. It's too late. Mary is asleep now."You: "Are you sure? It's only 10 0'clock."Mother: "Yes. I went to her room and she was asleep."The mother knows that Mary is asleep because she went into her room and saw her.Here is another case. Two friends decide to telephone Mary.Jack: "Let's telephone Mary. It's 10 0'clock."Jill: "No. It's too late. She will be asleep now."Jill knows that Mary always goes to bed before 10 o'clock, so now she'll probably be asleep. But it is also possible that she is staying up late.1．（小题1）In the first situation. Mary's mother _______.A．is afraid to wake up MaryB．wants to tell you that she knows Mary is asleepC．knows that Mary wants to sleep at this timeD．wants to know if she can take a message for Mary2．（小题2）In the second situation, Jill _______.A．knows that Mary has gone to bedB．doesn't know whether Mary is asleepC．is sure that Mary cannot answer the telephoneD．thinks it's possible that Mary cannot answer the telephone3．（小题3）In which situation do you think the word "will" is used in the same way Jill uses it? A．Will you please lend me a hand?B．It's too heavy, I think. I'll help you.C．Don't get into his office. He will be angry now.D．You won't have to come to my office. I will send it to you.B14、1．How much does the teddy bear picnic charge for one child?A．$1.00. B．$1.50. C．$2.50. D．$3.50.2．How can you get more information about the Minnie and Mickey house summer camp? A．By going to the campsite.B．By calling up 01685-375331.C．From www. teddybearfamily. com.D．By writing email to the person in charge.3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the information?A．The teddy bear picnic is suitable for children under 5.B．The Minnie and Mickey-themed session will have a special guest.C．Children can learn how to create crafts at the Minnie and Mickey house.D．Children must buy Disney-themed toys at the Minnie and Mickey house.C15、Considered as one of the English language’s most talented poets, John Keats wrote poems that focused on imagination, human nature, and life. Although Keats didn't receive much education on literature, his own studies and interests brought him much success. Also, his own life situation made a great difference to his poems.Growing up as a young boy in London in a lower middle-class family, the young John didn't attend a private school, but went to a public one. His mother was not well educated. His teachers and his family’s friends considered him as a common boy who preferred playing and fighting much more to mindin g his studies. After his father’s death in the early 1800s, followed by his mother's because of tuberculosis(肺结核), he began seeing life differently. He wanted to keep away from the world and did so by reading anything he could get his hands on.At around the age of 16, the teenage John Keats began studying medical treatment so that he too might become a doctor. However, his literary dream had taken too much of his life，especially with his love for the poems of Ehmund Spenser. He was able to have his first full poem published in the Examiner in 1816, named O Solitude!If I Must With Thee Dwell. Within two months in 1817, Keats had written another full poem, but was sharply criticized (批评) by a magazine. However, it didn’t stop his dream of poems．John Keats’ next work was Endymion, which was published in May 1818. The story includes a farmer who falls in love with the moon and leads him to a trip of one boy's hope to deal with the limitations (限制) of being human. Following Endymion, however, he tried something more story-based and wrote Isabella. During this time, John Keats began seeing his limitations in poetry because of his own limit in life experiences. He would have to have the “knowledge” connected to his poems. His next work was Hyperion that would like to mix all that he learned together. However, a bout (发作) with tuberculosis while visiting Italy would keep him from his work and finally take his life in 1821.1．John Keats' thoughts about life changed because of __________ .A．Edmund Spenser's poetry B．the deaths of his parentsC．the criticism of a magazine D．his early education from school2．What is the common thing between John Keats and his mother?A．They received little education. B．They went to a private school.C．They died of the same disease. D．They showed strong interest in poetry.3．What can we infer from the passage?A．Keats once had a chance of becoming a doctor.B．The poem Hyperion wasn’t completed by Keats.C．Edmund Spenser was the greatest poet in Keats’ time.D．Keats’ family must have been very poor when he was young.D16、Every day in China, about 200 million children go to school. Many of them take school buses. What should we do to keep these students safe on the road?On April 5, the State Council(国务院) published new rules about school bus safety. These new rules are stricter than the old ones.Under the new rules, local governments must make sure that students go to nearby school or boarding (寄宿的) schools to reduce traffic risks (风险). Also, local governments must help kids in the countryside reach their school buses.From now on, school buses have a speed limit (限制) of 80 km/h on highways and 60 km/h on normal roads. While on the road, other cars must let school buses go first.The new rules also say that school buses must never be overloaded (超载的).There are many other rules as well. A school bus must have more than seven seats. On each bus, there must be at least one adult to keep an eye on the kids. Each school bus must have a fire extinguisher (灭火器), a first aid kit (急救箱) and a GPS.Last year, a series of school bus accidents happened in China. To stop such accidents, the Central Government decided to strengthen (加强) the rules for school buses.The most serious accident happened in November in Gansu, When a nine-seat minibus crashed(碰撞). There were 62 children inside, and 21 of them died.1．What did the State Council publish on April 5?A．New rules about school bus safety.B．New rules about student safety.C．New rules about student home.D．New rules about class.2．Under the new rules, which of the following is NOT true?A．School buses can go first when there are other cars.B．School buses must drive 80km/h or less on highways.C．School buses must drive 80km/h or less on normal roads.D．School buses must have at least one adult to look after the kids.3．According to the new rule, a school bus must have the following EXCEPT .A．a GPSB．more than seven seatsC．a parent of one the studentsD．a fire extinguisher and a first aid kit4．According to the passage, the government made new rules because .A．21 students died in school bus accidents last yearB．School buses in China were not safe enough beforeC．200 million children in China go to school by bus every dayD．the government encourages all students to take school buses5．What is the best title of this passage?A．The most serious accident happened in November in Gansu.B．A school bus must have more than seven seats.C．Local governments must help kids.D．Safety first on the bus.E17、When you sleep somewhere else—like at a summer camp or a friend's house, you know you're in for a fun time. It can be exciting to get away from the same old bed in the same old room in the same old house. But fun as this is, for some kids being away from home can be scary and sad. It's called being homesick.Homesick means you are upset, sad, and maybe scared. But don't feel surprised. A lot of people get homesick, even grown-ups. When you're used to having certain people around you, it can be scary when they are gone. When you are dealing with other problems, you will feel homesick, too. Some kids may feel more homesick than usual if their parents get divorced(离婚) or if someone they loved has recently died.Here are some ideas to help you feel less homesick.Bring a little bit of home with you. If you're going away from home, bring your pillow or pictures of the people you will be apart from and look at them any time you want.Keep busy. The more fun things you do, the less time you'll have to feel homesick. So try to join in activities wherever you are. Stay in touch. You can make a plan for when you will call your mum or dad. You can also send e-mails or text messages to keep in touch with family and friends. When you do get in touch with someone, make sure to talk about the fun things you're doing! Talk to someone where you are. Maybe you can tell a friend that you feel homesick. He or she might have some ideas to helpyou feel better.1．How many ideas are given to help you feel less homesick in the passage ?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.2．What should you talk about in order to feel less homesick?A．Your future plan. B．The past things.C．Your difficulties. D．The interesting things.3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Some kids can get homesick, but grown-ups never.B．Joining in more activities may make you feel less homesick.C．Someone may feel homesick when one of his family members dies.D．Bringing along some things from home may be helpful for feeling less homesick.F18、阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
2024届广东省湛江市高三下学期第二次模拟考试高效提分物理试题
2024届广东省湛江市高三下学期第二次模拟考试高效提分物理试题一、单选题 (共6题)第(1)题某国际团队使用望远镜上安装的暗能量相机，发现了3颗隐藏在太阳强光中的近地小行星，将其中一颗命名为2021PH27。
在一年中的前5个节气间该小行星的位置如图所示。
已知该小行星近日点到太阳的距离为日地距离的，一年近似取360天，可近似认为24个节气在一年内均匀分布。
可能用到的数据：，，。
则该小行星经过近日点和远日点时的动能之比约为（ ）A．B．C．D．第(2)题如图，在篮球比赛中，运动员跳起将篮球投入篮筐，投球点和篮筐正好在同一水平面上，不计空气阻力和转动的影响，该篮球在斜抛运动过程中（ ）A．在最高点时的速度为零B．在最高点时的加速度为零C．进筐时的速度与抛出点的速度相同D．做匀变速曲线运动第(3)题如图所示，中国自行研制、具有完全知识产权的“神舟”飞船某次发射过程简化如下：飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心发射，由“长征”运载火箭送入近地点为A、远地点为B的椭圆轨道上，在B点通过变轨进入预定圆轨道。
则（ ）A．在椭圆轨道上运行时，飞船在A点的加速度比B点的大B．在椭圆轨道上运行时，飞船在A点的速度比B点的小C．在B点变轨前后，飞船的机械能不变D．在B点飞船通过减速从椭圆轨道进入预定圆轨道第(4)题某司计划在地球上空550千米处布署1584颗卫星，其中任意两颗运行时都有相同的（ ）A．向心力B．加速度C．周期D．速度第(5)题如图所示，图（a）为氧气分子在不同温度下的速率分布图像，图（b）为分子间作用力和分子势能随分子间距离变化的关系图线，图（c）是布朗运动实验得到的观测记录，图（d）是小草叶片上的一滴小露珠。
下列说法正确的是（ ）A．图（a）中，状态所有分子的动能比状态和分子的动能都大B．图（b）中，当分子间距离时，分子间的作用力，分子势能最小C．图（c）中的图线反映了实验研究的某个分子的运动轨迹D．图（d）所示小露珠，是由于水滴和植物叶面接触时的相互作用比水分子之间的相互作用强而形成的不浸润现象第(6)题如图所示，在光滑水平面上有一质量为m1的足够长的木板，其上叠放一质量为m2的木块。
2024届广东省湛江市高三下学期二模考试英语试题+答案
注意事项：2024年湛江市普通高考第二次模拟测试英语1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号除黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Here are some things that you can buy as gif1s for your friends who打e birdwatchers.A window-mounted bird feederOne way to guarantee a close-up look at the birds in your garden is to bring them all the way to the house. This 阮d feeder is solidly built with strong suction（吸）cups that you can tie to your windows, giving you a good view of your winged visitors.A pair of binocularsBinoculars are a birdwatcher's b凶friend!They work like two small telescopes joined together, allowing you to use both eyes to see distant birds as if they were right in f r ont of you. They're perfect for spotting feathered friends in the wild, whether the birds are high up in the trees or soaring across the sky. When you peer through them, you get a view that makes every little detail of the birds一their colors, beaks, and even the texture of their feathersThe Robin: A Biography by Stephen MossThis beautifully illustrated book draws readers into the mysterious world of Britain's favourite bird, the red robin—a fam山ar sight in all winter gardens, but as naturalist Stephen Moss demonstrates, one we hardly know Combining convincing sto1-ytelling with biological fact, Moss guides us through a year in the life of the robin, from the moment it hatches f r om its egg to its all too timely mortality（死亡）一th e robi11 tends to live a mere 13 months, adding to its precious qualityA reusable thermal bottleEvery good birding expedition needs a bottle of steaming hot tea. A reusable bottle decorated with lifelike drawings of classic British birds combines a natural aesthetic （美感）with practica.lity. It can keep not only hot drinks but also cold drinks21.What do we know about binoculars?A.They can attract birds to your house,B.They show images in black and white.C.They can provide detailed views of birdwatchi11g.D.They're too heavy to carry for birdwatchers.22.What does The Robin: A Biography tell us about?A.The birth of a bird. C.The quantity of a birdB.The death of a bird.D. The lifetime of a bird.23.Which gift may attract birds to one's house?A.A window-mounted bird feeder.C.The Robin: A Biography.B.A pair of binoculars.D.A reusable thermal bottleBLexi is just a little girl from Canada who found herself in a hea几stopping situation. It st打ted off as a normal car trip. Angela Shymanski, Lexi's mom, was at the wheel, navigating the tricky roads of the Rockies with her daughter Lexi and her baby Peter in the c打．An unexpected animal ran into the road. Angela swerved （突然转向）to avoid the animal. Unfortunately, their car was off the road, falling down a steep embankment（路堤）The crash was nothing short of terrifying. Angela ended up with a broken back. She was unconscious, and unable to help her babies. Meanwhile, baby Peter's cries echoed in the chaos. But Lexi, only five years old, didn't fr e eze. Instead, she showed courage that would leave many grown-ups in awe.She quickly jumped into action. The little girl, without even shoes on her feet, wrestled fr e e fr o m her seatbelt and climbed the 40-foot embankment. Once she reached the top, Lexi did everything she could to flag down a passing car in order to get help for her mom and brother.Lexi's insistence filially paid off.A car stopped, and the people inside didn't hesitate to help her call for emergency services. When the paramedics（护理人员）arrived,they found Angela in a severe state, and her heart had stopped. Thankfully, they managed to bring her back.Lexi's dad, reflecting on the incident, couldn't help but be amazed by his daughter's bravery. He沁tressed how important it is for kids to be prepared for emergencies, shocked at how Lexi remembered and acted on what she had been taught. It's a powerful reminder of what kids can do when push comes to shove.And Lexi's heroism didn't go unnoticed. She was awarded a Bronze Medal for Bravery by the police. But for the Shymanskis, the real prize was being back in each other's arms, safe and sound24.What caused the accident?A.The tough road.B.The children's noise.C.A car that suddenly swerved.D.An animal appearing suddenly.25.What was Lexi's first move after the accident?A.Putting on her shoesC.Flagging down a passing car. B. Managing to get out of the carD. Scaling the 40-foot embankment.26.What can we learn about Lexi fr o m paragraph 5?A.Her heroic action deserved recognition.B.Her dad知ew her daughter weU enough.C.She had learned how to deal with emergencies.D.It was important for her to face some emergencies.27.Which of the following can best describe Lexi?A.Brave and honest.C.Thoughtful but stubborn.B.Calm and courageousD.Caring but naughty.CA recent study reveals that flat-faced dogs, such as French bulldogs, have difficulty sleeping because of an unusual feature: their head shape. French bulldogs specifically suffer from increased daytime sleepiness, probably due to not getting enough night-time sleep.With their big eyes staring right back at the owner, and wrinkles rolled over their noses, French bulldogs have shot up in popularity in recent years. But their distinct features and small size come with a number of health issues.The researchers studied the sleep patterns of 92 dogs accompanied by their owners. They found that compared with other dogs, the flat-faced dogs experience a longer period of rapid eye movement (REM), regarded as the stage of sleep with most vivid dre扣ns where the brain is active while the body remains still. Researchers said this was similar to the way babies sleep, suggesting that dogs, like French bulldogs, keep up the sleep patterns of puppyhood Their night-time sleep is shorter and flat-faced dogs are also more likely to snoring（打酐）“Sleep deprivation is increasingly recognized as a major cause of suffering in dogs with extreme brachycephaly（短头畸形），“said Dan O'Neill, an associate professor f r om the University of LondonThe researchers employed an electroencephalogr皿（脑电图）throughout the dogs'sleep. They looked particularly at sleep spindles （睡眠纺锤波）．They found that dogs with brachycephaly had an increase in sleep spindles, which in dogs has been associated with poorer learning whe.n it comes to trainingA researcher said, "We know that some of these dogs will sleep with a ball in their mouth, and people think it's cute, but they're actually doing it in order to keep their airways open. "O'Neill agreed, "Many owners find this phenomenon very funny and post videos online showing how comical their dogs are as they sleep with a toy in their mouth or with their neck extended or repeatedly waking up to breathe during sleep. "28.What may lend to flat-faced dogs increased daytime sleepiness?A. Their tendency to sleep with owners.B.Their preference for daytime nappingC.Their shorter night-time sleep due to the head shape.D. Their habit of sleeping in uncomfortable positions.29.What do we say about flat-laced dogs from paragraph 3?A. They differ [rom human beings in REMB.They require less sleep than other speciesC.They're less likely to suffer sleep disturbancesD. They maintain puppy-like sleep patterns as adults30.What does the increase in sleep spindles in flat-laced dogs imply?A. They have a stronger memory during sleepB.They have a strong desire to sleep duri11g the nightC.They are more likely to succeed in hru·d trainingD. They may face challenges in learning during training.31.Why do some flat-faced dogs sleep with a toy in their mouths?A. T hey want to have pleasant dreams.C.It helps them maintain an open皿1i rway.B.It prevents them from snoring loudl yD. They enjoy playing with toys while sleeping DResearchers have developed a robotic sensor that combines artificial intelligence techniques to read Braille（盲文）at speeds roughly double that of most human readers. The research team, from the University of Cambridge, used machine le打ning algorithms（算法）to teach a robotic sensor to quickly slide over lines of Braille text The robotic sensor the researchers used has a camera in its "fingertip", and reads by using a combination of the information from the camera and the sensors. "This is a hard problem for roboticists as there's a lot of image processing that needs to be done to remove motion blur (ffl:ml), w h i ch i s t i m e a nd e n e r g co n s um i（模糊），which is time and ener g y-con s umin g," said Paith Potdar f r om Cambridge's Department of Engineering"There are existing robotic Braille readers, but they only read one letter al a time, which is not how humans read," said Potdar. "Existing robotic Braille readers work in a牢出£way: They touch one letter pattern, read it, pull up f r om the su1f ace, m ove over, lower onto the next letter pattern, a nd so on. W e want something that's more realistic and far more efficient. "The team developed machine learning algorithms so the robotic reader would be able to "deblur" the images before the sensor attempted to recognise the letters. They trained the algorithms on a set of sharp images of Braille with fake blur applied. After the algorithms had learned to deblur the letters, they used a computer vision model to detect and classify each character.Once the algorithms were incorporated, the researchers tested their render by sliding it quickly along rows of Braille characters. The robotic Braille render could read 315 words per minute with 87% accuracy, w hich is twice as fast and about as accurate as n human Braille reader.“Bra仆le reading speed is a great way to measure the dynamic performance of tactile（能触知的）sensing systems, s o our findings could be applicable beyond Braille, f or appli c ations like detecting surface textures or slippage in robotic manipulation," said Potdar.In the future, the researchers are hoping to scale the technology to the size of a humanoid hand32.What is diff i cult for roboticists to deal with in the reading process.?A. Ridding of motion blur.B.Teaching a robot to learn.C.Processing robotic sensors.D.Fixing a camera on the fingertip.33.What does the underlined word "static" in paragraph 3 mean?A.Still.B.Fast.C.Clever.34.What did Potdar want to express in paragraph 6?A. The good performance of the robot sensor.B.The promising future of their research results.C.The factors in making the tactile sensing systemsD. T he way to ensure the accuracy of the technolog y35.Which can be the best Litle for the text?A. Technology to be scaled to the size of a humanoid handD. Lazy.B.Robots trained to read Braille at twice the speed of humansC. A great way to measure the performance of sensing systemsD.Machine learning algorithms expected to change Braille writing第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.S分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
湛江二模 理科数学
湛江二模数学（理科）一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1. 已知集合A={1，2，3，4}，集合 B = {2，4}，则=A.{:2,4}B.{1,3}C.{1,2,3,4}D.02. 复数等于A.8B.—8C.8iD.-8I3. 通过随机询问110名大学生是否爱好某项运动，得到如下的列联表：男女总计爱好40 20 60不爱好20 30 50总计60 50 110 由上表算得，因此得到的正确结论是A. 在犯错误的概率不超过0.1%的前提下，认为“爱好该项运动与性别有关”B. 在犯错误的概率不超过0.1%的前提下，认为“爱好该项运动与性别无关”C. 有99%以上的把握认为“爱好该项运动与性别有关”D. 有99%以上的把握认为“爱好该项运动与性别无关”4. —个几何体的三视图及其尺寸如下，则该几何体的表面积为A. B.C. D.5. “|x—1|<2”是x(x-3)<0”的A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件6. 设F是双曲线的左焦点，A(1，4)，P是双曲线右支上的动点，则|PF| +|PA|的最小值为A. 5B.C. 7D. 97. 若函数的零点与的零点之差的绝对值不超过0.25,则可以是A. B. C. D.8. 对一个定义在R上的函数f(x)有以下四种说法：①；②在区间（一，，0)上单调递减；③对任意满足；④是奇函数.则以上说法中能同时成立的最多有A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个二、填空题：本大题共7小题，考生作答6小题，每小题5分，满分30分.(一）必做题(9〜13题）9. 已知向量m=(1，3)，n=(x，1)，若m丄n，则x=________10. 的展开式中常数项是_______.(用数字作答）11.曲线在点（1，2)处的切线方程为_______.12. 给出下列六种图象变换方法：①图象上所有点的横坐标缩短到原来的，纵坐标不变；②图象上所有点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，纵坐标不变；③图象向右平移个单位；④图象向左平移个单位；⑤图象向右平移个单位；⑥图象向左平移个单位.请用上述变换中的两种变换，将函数y = sinx的图象变换到函数的图象，那么这两种变换的序号依次是_______ (填上一种你认为正确的答案即可）.13. 运行如图所示框图，坐标满足不等式组的点共有_______个.(二）选做题（14〜15题，考生只能从中选做一题）14. (几何证明选讲选做题)如图，中，，圆O经过B、C且与AB、AC分别相交于D、E.若AE=EC=，则圆O的半径r=________.15. (坐标系与参数方程选做题)在平面直角坐标系xOy中，直线l的参数方程为.〔参数t€R)，圆C的参数方程为（参数），则圆心到直线l的距离为______三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共80分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.16. (本小题满分12分)在ΔABC中，角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c，面积(1) 求角C的大小；(2) 求的最大值,及取得最大值时角A的值.17本小题满分12分)设数列{a n}满足：.(1) 求数列{a n}的通项公式fi(2)若[x]表示不超过实数工的最大整数，如[3.2]=3，[—1. 3] = -2等，已知函数，数列{b n}的通项为，试求{b n}的前2n项和S2n18.(本小题满分14分)某市为了解今年高中毕业生的身体素质状况，从本市某校高中毕业班中抽取一个班进行实心球测试，成绩在8米及以上的为合格.把所得数据进行整理后，分成6组画出频率分布直方图的一部分(如图），已知第一小组为[5，6)，从左到右前5个小组的频率分别为0. 06,0.10,0.14,0. 28,0. 30.第 6小组的频数是 6.(1) 求这次实心球测试成绩合格的人数；(2) 用此次测试结果估计全市毕业生的情况.若从今年的高中毕业生中随机抽取两名，记X表示两人中成绩不合格的人数，求X的分布列及数学期望；(3) 经过多次测试后，甲成绩在8〜10米之间，乙成绩在9. 5〜10. 5米之间，现甲、乙各投一次，求甲投得比乙远的概率.19. (本小题满分14分)如图，五面体ABCD中，ABCD是以点H为中心的正方形，E F//AB，EH丄平面 ABCD，AB=2，E F=EH=1.(1) 证明：平面ADF丄平面ABCD;(2) 求五面体EF—ABCD的体积；(3) 设N为EC的中点,若在平面ABCD内存在一点M,使MN丄平面BC E，求MN的长.20. (本小题满分14分）已知抛物线y2=mx(m>0,m为常数）的焦点是F(1，0)，P(x0，y0)是抛物线上的动点，定点A(2，0).(1) 若，设线段AP的垂直平分线与X轴交于Q(x1,O),求x1的取值范围；(2) 是否存在垂直于x轴的定直线l，使以AP为直径的圆截l得到的弦长为定值？若存在，求其方程，若不存在，说明理由.21. (本小题满分14分)设X=1是函数的一个极值点(a>0，e为自然对数的底).(1) 求a与b的关系式(用a表示b)，并求f(x)的单调区间；(2) 若f(x)在闭区间[m,m+1]上的最小值为0，最大值为，且m>-1试求m与a的值.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
湛江市2012年普通高考第二次模拟测试理科综合化学试题可能用到的相对原子质量H:1、C:12、O:16、Cl:35.5、Na:23、Mg:24 、Ca:40、Ba:137一、单项选择题（每题4分，共24分）7．常温时，溶液中下列各组离子 一定能够大量共存的是A. Na +、NH 4+、ClO －、S 2－B. K +、H +、Br —、HCO 3—C. Ba 2+、Al 3+、Cl －、SO 42－D. K +、Fe 3+、NO 3—、SO 42—8．用N A 表示阿伏加德罗常数，下列说法正确的是 A ．18g D 2O 含有电子数为10 N AB ．标准状况下，11.2L 乙酸中含有的分子数目为0.5 N AC ．6.2g 氧化钠中含有的离子数为0.3N AD ．200 mL 1 mol ·L －1Fe 2(SO 4)3溶液中，Fe 3+和SO 42-离子数的总和是N A9．X 、Y 、Z 、Q 均为短周期元素，它们在周期表中位置如下图所示。
若X 原子的最外层电子 数是内层电子数的2倍。
下列说法正确的是 A. Y 元素可形成分子晶体的单质 B. X 元素的非金属性比Y 元素的非金属性强 C ．14X 和14Y 具有相同的质量数，它们互为同位素 D ．最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性：Q 比Z 弱 10．下列关于有机物的说法正确的是A ．石油裂解和油脂皂化都是高分子生成小分子的过程B ．麦芽糖及其水解产物都不能发生银镜反应C ．用溴水即可鉴别苯酚溶液、2,4-己二烯和甲苯D ．棉、麻、丝、毛完全燃烧都只生成CO 2和H 2O 。
11．将纯锌片和纯铜片按图示方式插入同浓度的稀硫酸中一段时间，以下叙述正确的是 A ．两烧杯中铜片表面均无气泡产生 B ．两烧杯中溶液的pH 均增大C. 甲中铜片是正极，乙中铜片是负极 D ．产生气泡的速度甲比乙慢 12．下列说法正确的是A ．常见金属铁和铝在工业上都是由热还原法制得的B ．生活中可以使用明矾对饮用水进行消毒、杀菌、除杂C. 雾、有色玻璃、葡萄糖溶液中分散质的粒子直径大小均在1 nm ～100 nm 之间 D ．实验室可用NaOH 溶液处理NO 2和SO 2等废气 二、双项选择题（每题6分，共12分）22．室温时，0.1 mol ·L －1的HA 溶液的pH=3，向该溶液中逐滴加入NaOH 溶液，在滴加过程中，有关叙述不正确．．．的是 A ．未加入NaOH 溶液时，原HA 溶液中，c(H +) = c(OH —) ＋ c(A —)B. 向原溶液中滴入少量的0.1 mol ·L —1的NaOH 溶液，可促进HA 的电离，且原溶液的pH 降低C. 当滴入的NaOH 与HA 恰好完全中和时，溶液中c(Na +) = c(A —)，且溶液呈中性D ．当加入过量的NaOH 溶液时，溶液中离子浓度可能为：c(Na +)＞c(A —)＞c(OH —)＞c(H +) 23．关于下列各装置图的叙述中，不正确．．．的是 X Y Z Q① ② ③ ④A ．装置①中，电流计A 的指针不偏转B ．装置②可用于检验火柴头燃烧产生的SO 2C ．装置③不能进行分液操作D ．装置④可用于制备、干燥、收集氨气 三、非选择题30.（16分） 下列是由苯制取有机物“茚”的反应过程：已知： (傅-克反应)（1）上述①、②、③、④反应中，属取代反应的有_____；属于消去反应的有_____。
（2）B 的含氧官能团的名称是_____________，X 的结构简式为_______________。
（3）写出反应④的化学方程式（反应条件要标明）：_________________________。
（4）下列关于“茚”的说法正确的是_______。
a ．它的分子式为C 9H 9b ．能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色c ．是一种易溶于水的有机化合物d ．1mol “茚”在一定条件下与氢气反应，最多可消耗4molH 2 （5）与互为同分异构，有一苯环且苯环上有互为对位的2个取代基，并能与NaOH 反应的有机物不止一种，写出其中一种的结构简式：_______________。
31. 尿素（H 2NCONH 2）是一种非常重要的高氮化肥，工业上合成尿素的反应如下：2NH 3(l)＋CO 2(g)H 2O(l)＋H 2NCONH 2 (l) △H ＝－103.7 kJ ·mol －1反应在进行时分为如下两个步骤： 第一步：2NH 3(l)＋CO 2(g) H 2NCOONH 4 (l) (氨基甲酸铵) △H 1 第二步：H 2NCOONH 4(l)H 2O(l)＋H 2NCONH 2(l) △H 2某实验小组模拟工业上合成尿素的条件，在一体积为0.5 L 的密闭容器中投入 4 mol 氨和1mol 二氧化碳，实验测得反应中各组分随时间的变化图Ⅰ所示：K0.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 …n (m o l )氨 氨基甲酸铵图Ⅰ 图Ⅱ（1）下列措施中有利于提高尿素的产率的是__________。
A ．采用高温B ．采用高压C ．在反应混合物中加入更多的水（2）△H 1 和△H 2的代数关系是_______________（用含△H 1 和△H 2的函数式表示）。
（3）由上面信息可知总反应进行到_____min 时到达平衡。
该反应达到平衡的标志是___________不再变化（填一条即可）。
（4）已知总反应的快慢由慢的一步决定，则合成尿素总反应的快慢由第____步反应决定。
（5）第二步反应的平衡常数K 随温度的变化如图Ⅱ所示，则△H 2 _______0（填“＞”、“＜”或“＝”）；平衡后若在时间t 时对该反应体系升温到某温度，请在答题卡的坐标图中画出第二步反应平衡移动的v-t 图。
32．（16分）工业上用共沉淀法制备活性Fe 3O 4的流程如下：试回答下列问题：（1）在制备过程中，不但要将块状固体原料粉碎、磨成粉末，而且反应池、合成池都要安装搅拌机。
作用都是______________________________。
（2）在反应池中几乎没有气体产生。
在反应池中生成亚铁离子的反应的离子方程式为_____________________________________。
（3）在合成池里生成Fe 3O 4反应的离子方程式为_______________________________，反应温度需控制在50℃，其方法是__________________________。
（4）根据以上反应可知，配料中心很可能使混合物中的Fe 2O 3与Fe 物质的量之比接近________。
（5）在分离车间进行___________、_________和烘干等操作可得活性Fe 3O 4。
33. (16分) 化学兴趣小组对牙膏中摩擦剂成分及其含量进行以下探究：查得资料：某品牌牙膏摩擦剂由二氧化硅、碳酸钙、碳酸镁组成，还可能含有氢氧化铝和碳酸氢钙；牙膏中其它成分易溶于水，遇到盐酸无气体生成。
I 、摩擦剂中碳酸氢钙和氢氧化铝的定性检验：取适量牙膏样品，加水搅拌、过滤。
并设计如下实验方案对该品牌牙膏摩擦剂的成分进行测定、验证假设。
请写出实验步骤以及预期现象和结论（可不填满）。
限选．．试剂：稀盐酸、稀硫酸、NaOH 溶液、澄清石灰水、二氧化碳实验步骤预期现象和结论步骤1：取适量牙膏样品加水充分搅拌、过滤，得滤液A 和沉淀B 。
步骤2：取适量滤液A 于试管中，_________ ___________________________________________ 有_________________________ 现象说明含有碳酸氢钙锈蚀废铁粉碎车间 配料中心 粉末 混合物 Fe 2O 3与Fe 按一定比例混合 反应池 盐酸 溶液 含一定比例的FeCl 3与FeCl 2 废渣 合成池pH=6.8 NaOH 溶液分离车间 活性Fe 3O 4步骤3：取适量沉淀B 于试管中，加入过量___________，过滤，得滤液C 和沉淀D 为a 克。
步骤4：往所得滤液中通入过量二氧化碳。
产生成白色沉淀，______（填“能”或“不能”）确定含有氢氧化铝。
原因是（用离子方程式表示）_________________________。
II 、牙膏样品中碳酸钙和碳酸镁的定量测定利用下图所示装置（图中夹持仪器略去）进行实验，充分反应后，测定P 中生成的BaCO 3沉淀质量，以确定碳酸钙的质量分数。
依据实验过程回答下列问题：(1) 实验过程中先后两次鼓入空气，第二次鼓入空气的目的是：_______________。
(2) 实验中准确称取沉淀D1.76g 样品三份，进行三次测定，测得BaCO 3平均质量为3.94g ．则D 中碳酸钙的质量分数为___________ (保留三位有效数字)。
空气 NaOH 溶液 沉淀D 及酸碱 指示剂 足量Ba(OH)2溶液 碱石灰 盐酸M N P Q参考答案7.D 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.D 22.BC 23.ＡＢ30.（16分）（1）①②；④（各2分）（2）羧基；X：（各2分）(3) （3分）（4）b、d （2分）（5）HO－－CH2CH＝CH2 HO－－CH＝CHCH3 HO－－C(CH3)＝CH2（3分）31. (16分，除（2）与作图3分，其余每空2分)（1）B （2）△H 1+△H 2 = －103.7 kJ·mol－1 （不写单位得1分）（3）55；反应体系中各物质的浓度、某物质的物质的量、或容器内的压强、或容器内气体的密度等，但不宜答容器内气体的相对分子质量不再变化。
（4）二。
（5）＞；32．（16分）（1）增加反应物之间的接触面积，增加反应速率，提高生产效率。
（2分）(2) 2Fe3+ + Fe ==3Fe2+或Fe2O3+Fe+6H+==3Fe2++3H2O(写成两个方程式且正确，也得2分) （3）Fe2++2Fe3++8OH-=Fe3O4+4H2O（3分）；水浴加热（2分）（4）4∶1（3分）（5）过滤、洗涤。
（各2分）33.（16分，除离子方程式和计算3分，其余每空2分）I、实验步骤预期现象和结论步骤2：滴加过量稀盐酸，将产生的气体通入过量澄清石灰水中有气泡产生，澄清石灰水变浑浊。
步骤3：氢氧化钠溶液步骤4：不能；SiO32-+2H2O+2CO2=H2SiO3↓+2HCO3-II、（1）驱赶残留在装置中的CO2以使生成的CO2完全被吸收（2）28.4％。