2022年中山大学英语语言文学考研真题和答案
2022年中山大学241英语二外考研真题和答案
2022年中山大学241英语二外考研真题和答案2022年中山大学《241英语（二外）》考研全套内容简介•中山大学外国语学院《241英语（二外）》历年考研真题及详解•全国名校二外英语考研真题详解说明：本部分收录了本科目近年考研真题，提供了答案及详解，并对常考知识点进行了归纳整理。
此外提供了相关院校考研真题，以供参考。
2．教材教辅•李观仪《新编英语教程（1）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】•李观仪《新编英语教程（3）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】说明：以上为本科目参考教材配套的辅导资料。
•试看部分内容2003年中山大学外国语学院221英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Structure and Vocabulary (20 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. We have already purchased ____ to furnish our new house.A. many furnituresB. some furnitureC. several furnitureD. a few furnitures【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们已经为新房子买了几件家具。
furniture为不可数名词，而some，several，a few都只能修饰可数名词，所以A、C、D错误。
some既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。
(NEW)中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论历年考研真题及详解
目 录2010年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2010年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2011年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2011年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2012年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2012年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2013年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2013年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2014年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2014年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2015年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2015年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2016年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题2016年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题及详解2010年中山大学中国语言文学系612语言学概论考研真题一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1．以下不属于中国“小学”范畴的是（ ）。
A．文字B．音韵C．语法D．训诂2．下列说法正确的是（ ）。
A．词义的模糊性说明词义是具有社会性的。
B．多义词使用不当会产生歧义，如“门没有锁”。
C．“grass”本义是“玻璃”，派生义是“玻璃杯”，这是词义的隐喻扩展。
D．同义词在修辞上具有对比作用，可用来突出对立面。
3．方言形成的语言内部原因是（ ）。
A．语言变化的不平衡性。
B．形式和意义对应关系的复杂性。
C．语言符号的任意性D．语言变化的类推作用4．在[p]、[b]、[v]、[h]、[g]、[k]、[d]、[t]、[s]、[f]中，擦音有（ ）。
A．3个。
22年考研英语试题及答案
22年考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 阅读理解A节（共10分）阅读下列四篇文章，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Text 1The pandemic has made it clear that our world is more interconnected than ever. Global supply chains have been disrupted,and the reliance on a single country for critical goods has been exposed as a weakness. This has led to a renewed interest in reshoring, or bringing production back home. However, reshoring is not without its challenges. Companies must consider the costs, the availability of skilled labor, and the infrastructure needed to support these operations.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The pandemic has accelerated the trend of reshoring.B. The reliance on global supply chains is a strength.C. The challenges of reshoring are often overlooked.D. The world is becoming less interconnected.22. What is a potential challenge mentioned for reshoring?A. The cost of production.B. The demand for critical goods.C. The global reliance on a single country.D. The interconnectedness of the world.23. What does the author suggest about the future of production?A. It will remain in a single country.B. It will be distributed across multiple countries.C. It will be entirely automated.D. It will be limited to domestic markets.Text 2[文章内容省略]24. What can be inferred from the passage about the author's view on technology?A. It is a double-edged sword.B. It is the key to solving all problems.C. It is a threat to human jobs.D. It is essential for economic growth.25. According to the passage, what is the impact of technology on the job market?A. It creates more jobs than it eliminates.B. It leads to a significant loss of jobs.C. It has no significant impact.D. It varies depending on the industry.2. 阅读理解B节（共10分）阅读下列文章，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
中山大学语言学考研真题及参考答案(2011,2013)【圣才出品】
11．中山大学语言学考研真题及参考答案（2011，2013）中山大学2013年语言学考研真题考试科目：语言学概论C（用英文考试）I. Transcribe the following words into IPA symbols, with stress marking where necessary. (10 points)Example: find —/faind/, beneath —/bi'ni: θ/1. empirical2. plagiarize3. compound4. finite5. clause6. phonemics7. threatened8. epiphenomenon9. beta10. generic【答案】1. empirical — / /2. plagiarize —/ /3. compound —//4. finite — //5. clause — //6. phonemics — //7. threatened — //8. epiphenomenon — //9. beta — //10. generic — //II. Fill in the following blanks. (15 points)1. ______ means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication.【答案】Displacement2. ______ are produced “by a closure in the vocal tract, or by a narrowing which is so marked that air cannot escape without producing audible friction”.【答案】Consonants3. The systematic study of morpheme is a branch of linguistics called ______, which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed.【答案】morphology4. Cohesiveness can be realized by employing various cohesive devices: conjunction, ellipsis, lexical collocation, lexical repetition, ______, substitution, etc. 【答案】reference5. American Structuralism is a branch of ______ linguistics that emerged in the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century.【答案】synchronic6. The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as ______.【答案】interlanguage7. ______ found that Q-based implicatures can be readily cancelled by metalinguistic negation, which does not affect what is said, but R-based implicatures cannot. 【答案】Horn8. The idea that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the constituent words and the way they are combined is usually known as the principle of ______.【答案】compositionality9. During the whole 20th century, a great deal of efforts has been taken to treat the inquiry of linguistics as a ______ or autonomous pursuit of an independent science.【答案】monistic10. In cognitive terms, ______ is the use of elements of subject’s situatedness todesignate something in the scene.【答案】deixis11. According to ______ (1996), the speech presentation continuum may have thefollowing possibilities: direct speech, indirect speech, narrator’s representation of speech acts and narrator’s representation of speech.【答案】Short12. With the help of ______ linguistics, recently research has moved into the area ofexample-based machine translation. The method uses correct translation as a principal source of information for the creation of new ones.【答案】computational13. In the IPA chart, the sound segments are grouped into consonants and vowels.The consonants are then divided into pulmonic and ______ consonants.【答案】non-pulmonic14. According to Halliday, a clause is the simultaneous ______ of ideational,interpersonal, and textual meanings.【答案】realization15. According to systemic-functionalists and American functionalists, language isnot arbitrary at the ______ level.【答案】syntacticIII. Define the following terms. (50 points)1. recreational function【答案】The recreational function of language refers to the use of language for the sheer joy of using it, such as a baby’s babbling or a chanter’s chanting. To take one example, the well-known movie Liu San Jie features a scene of “dui ge” mostly for the sheer joy of playing on language.2. pharyngeal【答案】Pharyngeal sounds are made with the root of the tongue anf the walls of the pharynx. Arabic is a language which contains pharyngeal fricatives.3. loanshift【答案】It is a process in which the meaning of the words is borrowed, but the form of the words is native. E.g. bridge means 桥牌。
2022年考研外语考试真题及答案15
2022年考研外语考试真题及答案一、单项选择题每小题2分，共1题1、The ________ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’s lives.A.zephyrB.zodiacC.zymeD.zest2、It’s a ________ timetable. Sometimes lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.A.haphazardB.odiousC.haughtyD.handicapped3、The poor man’s clothes were so ________ that they couldn’t be repaired any more.A.oozedB.raggedC.moppedD.mocked4、The actor amused the audience by ________ some well-known people.A.embroideringB.riggingC.yelpingD.mimicking5、No men was allowed to ________ on the livelihood of his neighbor.A.wadeB.invokeC.muffleD.infringe6、The machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of ________.A.vagabondB.sabotageC.paradoxD.Tachyon7、The island is maintained as a ________ for endangered species.A.wetlandsB.sanctuaryC.mireD.heath8、The hunter kept the lion’s skin and head as ________A.trophiesB.filletC.tulipD.clown9、If you ________ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for example by adding water to it.A.adulterateB.moorC.vaccinateD.sue10、The orphanage is just one of her ________ causes.A.phoneticB.philanthropicC.prevalentD.lunatic11、Many animals display ________ instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless.A.cerebralB.imperiousC.ruefulD.maternal12、The guests, having eaten until they were________, now listened inattentively to the speakers.A.contradictedB.satiatedC.gripedD.trespassed13、While she had the fever, she ________ for hours.A.ravedB.sniggeredC.titteredD.perforated14、If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will ________ you.A.scaleB.scaldC.shunD.shunt15、The mice ________ when the cat came.A.rambledB.lingeredC.saunteredD.scampered16、The chimney is no longer ________ volumes of waste gas into atmosphere, as protective filters are being used.A.giving awayB.giving offC.giving inD.giving up17、At three o’clock ________ a cold morning, he arrived here.A.inB.atC.onD.of18、I’m sure dirty, ________?A.am IB.aren’t IC.isn’t ID.am not I19、________, there is no place like home, wherever you go.A.It may be humbleB.As humble it may beC.Humble it may beD.Humble as it may be20、 But for his help, I _____.A.did not succeedB.had not succeededC.should not have succeededD.have not succeeded21、Try and calm yourself, ________ your mind will be easy again.A.andB.orC.whenD.before22、The price of the real estate in this area may ________ to unexpected values, so everyone should be conscious of the maximum price that he would want to pay for a particular property.A.staggerB.stinkC.soarD.suspend23、Contrary to popular belief, epidemics do not occur ________ after a natural disaster.A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.instantaneously24、Immigration from countries and cultures that are ________ with the cultural core of this nation has been generally prohibited.A.interiorB.invisibleC.incompatibleD.integral25、This course is designed to help children ________ such real life situations as separation and loss.A.cope withB.settle downC.intervene inD.interfere with26、Foreign language teachers of this university are busy designing a test of spoken English to ________ the original written examination.A.contaminateplimentplementD.coordinate27、Idlers, no matter how poor they are, are always ________ at finding reasons not to take action to improve their living conditions.A.intrinsicB.ingeniousC.initialD.inherent28、As the graduation is drawing near, every student began to ________ his future.pensateB.contemplateC.jeopardizeD.manifest29、Although the resistance groups do not show great military ________, they frequently penetrate deep into the interior.A.prowessB.prowlC.psalmD.psyche30、The Great ________ in the USA is 1900 meters deep and 25kilometers wide at its maximum.A.CanyonB.FordC.AbyssD.Quarry参考答案：【一、单项选择题】1~5BABDD6~10BBAAB11~30点击下载查看答案。
(NEW)中山大学外国语学院《638基础英语》历年考研真题及详解
目 录2003年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题及详解2004年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题及详解2005年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题及详解2006年中山大学外国语学院348基础英语考研真题及详解2007年中山大学外国语学院738基础英语考研真题及详解2008年中山大学外国语学院616基础英语考研真题及详解2009年中山大学外国语学院628基础英语考研真题及详解2010年中山大学外国语学院622基础英语考研真题及详解2011年中山大学外国语学院632基础英语考研真题及详解2012年中山大学外国语学院632基础英语考研真题及详解2013年中山大学外国语学院637基础英语考研真题及详解2014年中山大学外国语学院638基础英语考研真题及详解2015年中山大学外国语学院638基础英语考研真题及详解2016年中山大学外国语学院637基础英语考研真题及详解2017年中山大学外国语学院638基础英语考研真题及详解2018年中山大学外国语学院638基础英语考研真题及详解2003年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Reading (30%)Green Wave Washes Over Mainstream Shopping Research in Britain has shown that “green consumers” continue to flourish as a significant group among shoppers. This suggests that politicians who claim environmentalism is yesterday’s issue may be seriously misjudging the public mood.A report from Mintel, the market research organization, says that despite recession and financial pressures, more people than ever want to buy environmentally friendly products and a “green wave” has swept through consumerism, taking in people previously untouched by environmental concerns. The recently published report also predicts that the process will repeat itself with “ethical” concerns, involving issues such as fair trade with the Third World and the social record of businesses. Companies will have to be more honest and open in response to this mood.Mintel’s survey, based on nearly 1,000 consumers, found that the proportion who look for green products and are prepared to pay more for them has climbed from 53 percent in 1990 to around 60 percent in 1994. On average, they will pay 13 percent more for such products, although this percentage is higher among women, managerial and professional groups and those aged 35 to 44.Between 1990 and 1994 the proportion of consumers claiming to be unaware of or unconcerned about green issues fell from 18 to 10 percent but the number of green spender among older people and manual workers has risen substantially. Regions such as Scotland have also caught up with the south of England in their environmental concerns. According to Mintel, the image of green consumerism as associated in the past with the more eccentric members of society has virtually disappeared. The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it had become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not “gone off the boil”. In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages and occupations.Mintel’s 1994 survey found that 13 percent of consumers are “very dark green”, nearly always buying environmentally friendly products, 28 percent are “dark green”, trying “as far as possible” to buy such products, and 21 percent are “pale green” tending to buy green products if they see them. Another 26 percent are “armchair greens”; they said they care about environmental issues but their concern does not affect their spending habits. Only 10 percent say they do not care about green issues.Four in ten people are “ethical spenders”, buying goods which do not, for example, involve dealings with oppressive regimes. This figure is the same as in 1990, although the number of “armchair ethicals” has risen from 28 to 35 percent and only 22 percent say they are, unconcerned now, against 30 percent in 1990. Hughes claims that in the twenty-first century, consumers will be encouraged to think more about the entire history of the products and services they buy, including the policies of the companies that provide them and that this will require a greater degree of honesty with consumers.Among green consumers, animal testing is the top issue—48 percent said they would be deterred from buying a product if it had been tested on animals—followed by concerns regarding irresponsible selling, the ozone layer, river and sea pollution, forest destruction, recycling and factor farming. However, concern for specific issues is lower than in 1990, suggesting that many consumers feel that Government and business have taken on the environmental agenda.Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer of the passage? In your answer booklet write YES, NO, or NOT GIVEN for each statement.1. The research findings report commercial rather than political trends.2. Being financially better off has made shoppers more sensitive to buying ‘green’.3. The majority of shoppers are prepared to pay more for the benefit of the environment according to the research findings.4. Consumers’ green shopping habits are influenced by Mintel’s findings.5. Mintel has limited their investigation to professional and managerial groups.6. Mintel undertakes market surveys on an annual basis.【答案与解析】1. YES(文章通篇没有多提政治，除了第一段“politicians claims environmentalism is yesterday’s issue”，本文更多的是从消费者的角度来讨论这一问题的。
2022年考研英语试题及参考答案(1)
2022年考研英语试题及参考答案(1) Directions:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English.You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them.There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B, and Part C.Remember,while you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have five minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to Answer Sheet I.Now look at Part At your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Question 1-5, you will hear a talk about Boston Museum of Fine Art.While you listen,fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write Only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice.You now have 25seconds to read thetable below.(5 points)Boston Museum of Fine Arts Founded( year ) 1870 Opened to the public( year ) Question 1Moved to the current location ( year ) 1909 The west wing completed( year ) Question 2 Number of departments 9 The most remarkable department Question 3Exhibition Space(m2)Question4Approximate number of visitors/year800,000Programs provided classes lectures Question 5 filmsPart BDirectionsFor Questions 6-10, you will hear an interview with an expert on marriage problems. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. USe not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. ( 5 points )What should be the primary source of help for a troubled couple? __________ . Question 6Writing down a list of problems in the marriage may help a troubled couple discuss them_______ . Question 7Who should a couple consider seriously turning to if they can”t talk with each other? _________ . Question 8Priests are usually unsuccessful in counseling troubled couples despite their _______ . Question 9According to the old notion,what will make hearts grow fonder? _______. Question 10Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material.Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D . After listening, you will have time to check your answers you will hear each piece once only. ( 10 points )Questions11-13are based on the following talk about napping, you now have 15 seconds to read questions 11-13.11. Children under five have abundant energy partly because they _________ .A. Sleep in three distinct parts.B. have many five-minute naps.C. sleep in one long block.D. take one or two naps daily.12. According to the speaker, the sleep pattern of a baby is determined by_______ .A. its genesB. its habitC. its mental stateD. its physical condition13.The talk suggests that,if you feel sleepy through the day, you should______ .A. take some refreshment.B. go to bed earlyC. have a long restD. give in to sleep.Questions14-16are based on the following interview with Sherman Alexie.an American Indian poet.You now have15seconds to read Questions14-16.14.Why did Sherman Alexie only take day jobs?A. he Could bring unfinished work home.B. He might have time to pursue his interests.C. He might do some evening teaching.D.He could invest more emotion in his family.15.What was his original goal at college?A. to teach in high school .B. to write his own books.C. to be a medical doctor.D. to be a mathematician.16. Why did he take the poetry-writing class?A.To follow his father.B.For an easy grade.C.To change his specialty.D. For knowledge of poetry.Questions 17-20 are based on the following talk about public speaking. you know have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.17. What is the most important thing in public speaking ?A. Confidence.B. Preparation.C. Informativeness.D. Organization.18.What does the speaker advise us to do to capture the audience”s attention？A. Gather abundant data.B. Organize the idea logically.C. Develop a great opening.D.Select appropriate material.19.If you don”t start working for the presentation until the day before, you will feel _____ .A. uneasyB. uncertainC. frustratedD. depressed20. Who is this speech ,ost probably meant for?A.Those interested in the power of persuasion.B.Those trying to improve their public image.C. Those planning to take up some public work.D. Those eager to become effective speakers.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also needto give serious21to how they can be best22such changes.Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition.24they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-concious and need the25that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which thereare more winners than losers,28,publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,29student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult33visible in the background. In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to36else without feeling guity and without letting the other participants 37 . this does not mean that adults mustaccept irresponsibity. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and byshavingsclearly stated rules.21. A. thought B.idea C. opinion D. advice22. A. strengthen B. accommodate C. stimulate D. enhance23. A. care B. nutrition C. exercise D. leisure24. A. If B. Although C. Whereas D. Because25. A. assistance B. guidance C. confidence D. tolerance26. A. claimed B. admired C. ignored D. surpassed27. A. improper B. risky C. fair D. wise28. A. in effect B. as a result C. for example D. in a sense29. A. displaying B. describing C. creating D. exchanging30. A. durable B. exessive C. surplus D. multiple31. A.sgroupsB. individual C. personnel D. corporation32. A. consent B. insurance C. admission D. security33. A. particularly B. barely C. definitely D. rarely34. A. similiar B. long C. different D. short35. A. if only B. now that C. so that D. even if36. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something37. A. off B. down C. out D. alone38. A. On the contrary B. On the average C. On the whole D. On the other hand39. A. making B. standing C. planning D. taking40. A.capability B.responsibility C.proficiency D. efficiency21-25 DBCCC26-30 BDCAD31-35 BCBCC36-40 DBACASection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following fore texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANAWER SHEET 1(40 points)Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to handin the“great game“ of espionage-----spying as a“profession.“ These days the Net,which has already re-made pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan”s vocation as well. The last revolution isn”t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen”s e-mail.That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the world wide web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying.The spooks call it“open source intelligence,“ and as the Net grows,it is becoming increasingly influential.in1995the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions，whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying(covering nations from Chile to Russia)to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International.Many of its predictions are available online at .。
2022年考研英语（一）完整版真题及答案解析（1）
2022年考研英语（一）完整版真题及答案解析（1）2023年的研究生招生考试将在今年的年底开始笔试考试，小伙伴们的英语科目复习进度进行的如何了呢？很多考生在复习过程中面对英语都是十分吃力，接下来小编就为大家带来2022年考研英语完整版真题及答案解析，快来看看吧！Section I Use of EnglishDirections： Read the following text. Choose the best word （s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s；the term ＂plant neurobiology was_____（1）around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be_____（2）to intelligence in animals. _____（3）plants lack brains， the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that_____（4）consciousness， researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue，according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating， but it_____（5）so greatly from that of animals that so-called_____（6）of plants intelligence is inconclusive， the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006，some scientists have_____（7）that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters，_____（8）＂a plant nervous system，_____（9）to that in animals.＂ said lead study author Lincoln Taiz，＂They_____（10）claimed that plants have ＇brain-like command centers＇ at their root tips.＂This_____（11）makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain，_____（12）it to an array of electrical pulses；cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals._____（13）， the signaling in a plant is only_____（14）similar to the firing in a complex animal brain， which is more than ＂a mass of cells that communicate by electricity.＂ Taiz said.＂For consciousness to evolve， a brain with a threshold_____（15）of complexity and capacity is required，＂ he_____（16）＂Since plants don＇t have nervous systems， the_____（17）that they have consciousness are effectively zero.＂And what＇s so great about consciousness，anyway？Plants can＇t run away from_____（18）. So investing energy in a body system which_____（19）a threat and can feel pain would be a very_____（20）evolutionary strategy，according to the article.1.【题干】1._____.【选项】A.coinedB.discoveredC.collectedD.issued【答案】A2.【题干】2._____.【选项】A.attributedB.directedparedD.confined【答案】C3.【题干】3._____.【选项】A.unlessB.whenC.onceD.though【答案】D4.【题干】4._____. 【选项】A.cope withB.consisted ofC.hinted atD.extended in 【答案】C5.【题干】5._____. 【选项】A.suffersB.benefitsC.developsD.differs【答案】D6.【题干】6._____. 【选项】A.acceptanceB.evidenceC.cultivationD.creation【答案】B7.【题干】7._____. 【选项】A.doubtedB.deniedC.arguedD.requested8.【题干】8._____. 【选项】A.adaptingB.formingC.repairingD.testing【答案】B9.【题干】9._____. 【选项】A.analogousB.essentialC.suitableD.sensitive【答案】A10.【题干】10._____. 【选项】A.justB.everC.stillD.even【答案】D11.【题干】11._____. 【选项】A.restrictionB.experimentC.perspectiveD.demand【答案】C12.【题干】12._____.A.attachingB.reducingC.returningD.exposing【答案】D13.【题干】13._____. 【选项】A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise【答案】A14.【题干】14._____. 【选项】A.temporarilyB.literallyC.superficiallyD.imaginarily【答案】C15.【题干】15._____. 【选项】A.listB.levelbelD.local【答案】B16.【题干】16._____. 【选项】A.recalledC.questionedD.added【答案】D17.【题干】17._____. 【选项】A.chancesB.risksC.excusesD.assumptions 【答案】A18.【题干】18._____. 【选项】A.dangerB.failureC.warningD.control【答案】A19.【题干】19._____. 【选项】A.representsB.includesC.revealsD.recognizes【答案】D20.【题干】20._____. 【选项】A.humbleB.poorC.practicalD.easy【答案】B考研考什么内容考研分为初试和复试，初试主要是笔试，科目有外语、政治、专业课和综合，不同专业的考试科目是不一样的；复试是笔试和面试相结合，其内容包括英语测试、专业课笔试和综合素质面试。
22考研英语试题及答案
22考研英语试题及答案本次考研英语试题涵盖了阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作等部分，旨在全面考察考生的英语语言运用能力。
以下是本次试题及答案的详细内容。
阅读理解部分本次阅读理解共包含四篇文章，每篇文章后附有五个问题，考生需根据文章内容选择正确答案。
文章一：全球化对文化的影响1. 文章主要讨论了全球化对文化的哪些影响？A. 全球化促进了文化的多样性B. 全球化导致了文化的同质化C. 全球化使文化更加封闭D. 全球化对文化没有影响答案：B2. 作者认为全球化对小国家文化的影响是什么？A. 小国家文化将被大国家文化所取代B. 小国家文化将得到更好的保护C. 小国家文化将变得更加丰富D. 小国家文化将逐渐消失答案：A文章二：人工智能的发展1. 人工智能在医疗领域的应用有哪些？A. 辅助诊断B. 手术机器人C. 药物研发D. 以上都是答案：D2. 人工智能可能带来的问题是什么？A. 隐私泄露B. 失业问题C. 道德伦理问题D. 以上都是答案：D文章三：环境保护的重要性1. 作者为什么强调环境保护的重要性？A. 环境问题已经严重影响人类生活B. 环境保护可以促进经济发展C. 环境保护可以提高人民生活质量D. 环境保护可以解决所有问题答案：A2. 作者认为解决环境问题的方法是什么？A. 政府立法B. 公众参与C. 科技创新D. 以上都是答案：D文章四：教育改革的挑战1. 教育改革面临的主要挑战是什么？A. 资金不足B. 师资力量薄弱C. 教育体制僵化D. 以上都是答案：D2. 作者认为如何推动教育改革？A. 增加教育投入B. 提高教师待遇C. 改革教育体制D. 以上都是答案：D完形填空部分本次完形填空为一篇短文，考生需根据上下文逻辑和语法结构选择正确答案。
短文内容：在现代社会，人们越来越重视个人隐私的保护。
然而，随着科技的发展，个人信息泄露的风险也在不断增加。
为了应对这一挑战，政府和企业都在采取措施保护个人隐私。
历年中山大学考研真题试卷与答案详解汇总-中大考研真题哪里找？-中大考研真题下载-2018中大考研真题汇编
历年中山大学考研真题试卷与答案汇总——中大考研真题哪里找？逸仙中大考研网（）汇集了中山大学各专业历年考研真题试卷（原版），同时与中山大学专业课成绩前三名的各专业硕士研究生合作编写了配套的真题答案解析，答案部分包括了（解题思路、答案详解）两方面内容。
真题解析先对每一道真题的解答思路进行引导，分析真题的结构、考察方向、考察目的，向考生传授解答过程中宏观的思维方式；其次对真题的答案进行详细解答，方便考生检查自身的掌握情况及不足之处，并借此巩固记忆加深理解，培养应试技巧与解题能力，真题详情请点击进入中大考研真题答案。
同时，登入逸仙中大考研网还能与中大研一研二的学长学姐们一起交流考研心得，点击中大考研辅导班（/kaoyan/），领取为你量身定制的考研学习计划。
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逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学352口腔综合2005-2018年考研真题试卷逸仙中大考研网链接地址：/中大考研辅导班链接地址：/news/details.aspx?id=3023中大考研真题答案链接地址：/kaoyan/[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学653马克思主义基本原理考研真题与答案（2005-2018）[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学849专业综合基础考研真题与答案(2003-2018年）[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学652政治学原理2004-2018年考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中大838新闻与传播实务及研究方法考研真题及答案（2009-2018年）[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学644视觉传播学2007-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学648交互设计2011-2014年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学839设计学2007-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 306临床医学综合能力（西医）历年考研真题与答案详解【2005-2018年】[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学353卫生综合2005-2018年考研真题与答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学677数学分析与高等代数2008-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学662数学分析1999-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学861高等代数2000-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学867水文学2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学866地理学基础2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学866城市规划原理2008-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学865遥感与地理信息系统2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学668区域分析与规划2008-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学846民族学理论与方法2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学647社会学理论2003-2018年考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学843人口统计学2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学844人类学理论与方法2007-2018考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学845民俗学理论与方法2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学842社会研究方法与社会统计学2003-2018年考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学649人类学概论2005-2018考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学648人口理论2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学教育学（A）2005-2018考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学计算机应用基础2005-2018考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学642教育学（B）1997-2018考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学现代教育技术2010-2018考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学教育管理学2010-2018年考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学教育综合2010-2018年考研真题及答案逸仙中大考研网链接地址：/中大考研辅导班链接地址：/news/details.aspx?id=3023中大考研真题答案链接地址：/kaoyan/[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学642教育学及运动训练学2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学878电子技术基础2005、2007-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学895道路工程2009-2015年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学873交通工程学2010-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学875水力学2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学872理论力学2010-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学879有机化学(B)2011-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学881信号与系统(B)2011-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学602高等数学（B）2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学874工程热力学2006-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学813逻辑学概论2005-2018考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学812中国哲学史2003-2018年考研真题试卷（不含07）[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学811马克思主义哲学2003-2018年考研真题及答案[ 逸仙中大考研网] 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中山大学902化工原理2006-2018年考研真题试卷逸仙中大考研网链接地址：/中大考研辅导班链接地址：/news/details.aspx?id=3023中大考研真题答案链接地址：/kaoyan/[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学854化学（B）2007-2018年考研真题与答案详解[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学655化学（A）2007-2018年考研真题与答案详解[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学871环境工程导论2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学870环境评价2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学911大气科学基础2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学906普通物理A2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学666医学综合2005-2016年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学907电子技术（数字和模拟）2009-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学675基础医学综合2008-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学674生物化学与分子生物学1999-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学672生物综合（B）2010-2016年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学907病理生理学2005-2016年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学908免疫学2005、2011-2016年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学909生理学2005-2016年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学661药分综合2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学662药理学综合2008-2016年考研真题与答案详解[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学338生物化学2011-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学860生物技术2011-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学901微机原理与应用2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学853材料化学2007-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学898普通物理2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 中山大学601高等数学（A）2005-2018年考研真题试卷[ 逸仙中大考研网] 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最新2022考研英语真题及答案解析
2022考研英语真题及答案解析Section I Use of English Directions:Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.〞But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sadbut they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D ]like2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [ D]produce3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordab18．[A]adapted [B]catered [C]turned [ D]reacted19．[A]suggesting [B]requiring [C]mentionin g [D]supposing20．[A]Eventually [B]Consequently [C]Similar ly [D]ConverselySection II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2022. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!〞wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of theformidable conductor about him.〞As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances;moreover, they can be “consumed〞at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilbert’s own interest in new mu sic has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.〞But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchest ra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert’s appoin tment has[A]incurred criticism. [B]raised suspicion.[C]received acclaim. [D]aroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is[A]influential. [B]modest. [C]respectable.[D]talented.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers[A]ignore the expenses of live performances.[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances.[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances.[D]overestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.[C]They help improve the quality of music.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels[A]doubtful. [B]enthusiastic. [C]confident.[D]puzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.〞Broadcasting his ambition was “very much mydecision,〞McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his asp irations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:〞I c an’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.〞Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2022 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inv erted,〞says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.〞26.When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant. [B]frank. [C]self-centered.[D]impulsive.27. Accor ding to Paragraph 2, senior executives’ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28.The word “poached〞(Line 3, Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of. [B]attended to. [C]hunted for .[D]guarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go? [B]CEOs: All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net [D]TheOnly Way Out for Top PerformersText 3The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid〞media –such as television commercials and print advertisements –still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “owned〞media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media , such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, o ne marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend ,which we believe is still in its infancy, effectivelybegan with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31.Consumers may create “e arned〞media when they are[A] obscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.[B] inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.[C] eager to help their friends promote quality products.[D] enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.32. According to Paragraph 2,sold media feature[A] a safe business environment. [B] random competition.[C] strong user traffic. [D] flexibilityin organization.33. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media[A] invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.[B] can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.[C] may be responsible for fiercer competition. [D] deserve all the negative comments about them.34. Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an exa mple of[A] responding effectively to hijacked media. [B] persuading customers into boycotting products.[C] cooperating with supportive consumers.[D] taking advantage of hijacked media.35. Which of the following is the text mainly about ?[A] Alternatives to conventional paid media. [B] Conflict between hijacked and earned media.[C] Dominance of hijacked media. [D] Popularity of owned media.Text 4It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cov er story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,〞is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearingis anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the v ery things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.〞The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single –mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant〞news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair, t hen, tocompare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own〞(read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.It’s hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t insome small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel〞might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring[A]temporary delight [B]enjoyment in progress[C]happiness in retrospect [D]lasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that[A]celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.[B]single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.[C]news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.[D]having children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks[A]are constantly exposed to criticism. [B]are largely ignored by the media.[C]fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.[D]are less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is[A]soothing .[B]ambiguous.[C]compensatory. [D]misleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A]Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.[B]Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing.[C]Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.[D]We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing.Part B[A] No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities. You can, Mr Menand points out, became a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four. But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years. Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees.[B] His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These aredisciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should posses. But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education〞should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read〞-they form a sort of social glue.[C] Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end up with professorships for which they entered graduate school. There are simply too few posts. This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs. But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelor’s degrees in 1970-71 than they did 20 years later. Fewer students requires fewer teachers. So, at the end of a decade of theses-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.[D] One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they can cut across the insistence bytop American universities that liberal-arts educations and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist liberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification.[E] Besides professionalizing the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialization are transmissible but not transferable.〞So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the productionof the producers of knowledge.[F] The key to reforming higher education, concludes Mr Menand, is to alter the way in which “the producers of knowledge are produced.〞Otherwise, academics will continue to think dangerously alike, increasingly detached from the societies which they study, investigate and criticize.〞Academic inquiry, at least in some fields, may need to become less exclusionary and more holistic.〞Yet quite how that happens, Mr Menand dose not say.[G] The subtle and intelligent little book T he Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctoral degree. They may then decide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American Universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.Part C Directions:(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal itserroneous nature.Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I m ake myself do this or achieve that? 〞Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are.〞Achievement happens because you as a person embody the external achievement; you don’t “ get〞success but become it. There is no gap between mind and matter.\Part of the fame of Allen’s book is its contention that “Circumstances do not make a person, they reveal him.〞(48) This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority ofthose at the bottom.This ,however, would be a knee-jerk reaction to a subtle argument. Each set of circumstances, however bad, offers a unique opportunity for growth. If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed. In fat, (49)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have be en “wronged〞then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation .Nevertheless, as any biographer knows, a person’s early life and its conditions are often the greatest gift to an individual.The sobering aspect of Allen’s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves. (50) The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us; where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.Section Ⅲ Writing Part A51.Directions:Write a letter to a friend of yours to1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendationYour should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the leter. User“LI MING〞instead.Do not writer the address.(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160---200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain i t’s intended meaning, an d3)give your comments.Your should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)旅程之“余〞2022年考研英语一真题答案及详解1-5 CDBBA6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC1.C 解析：语义逻辑题。
2022考研英语一真题答案及解析（解析版）
2022考研英语一真题答案及解析（解析版）National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM)2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following te某t. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” _1_ helping you feel close and _2_ to pe ople you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _3_ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _4_ getting sick this winter.In a recent study _5_ over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania e某amined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs _6_ theparticipants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being _7_ to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come _8_ with a cold ,and the researchers _9_that the stress-reducing effects of hugging _10_ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. _11_ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe _12_ .“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the _13_ risk for colds that’s usually _14_ with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker ofintimacy and helps _15_ the feeling that others are there to help_16_ difficulty.”Some e某perts _17_ the stress-reducing , health-related benefitsof hugging to the release of o某ytocin, often called “the bonding hormone” _18_ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. O某ytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it _19_ in the brain, where it _20_ mood, behavior and physiology.1.[A] Unlike [B] Besides [C] Despite [D] ThroughoutB答案为B。
2022 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题及答案
2022 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题及答案Section I Use of English1. C for2. A faith3. D price4. B Then5 . D When6. B produce s7 . C connect8. D to9. B mood10 . A counterparts1 1. B Lucky1 2. B protect1 3. A between1 4. C introduced1 5 D inside1 6. A discovered1 7 . C fooled1 8. B willing1 9. A In contrast20 . C unreliableSection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121. Who will be most threatened by automationD Middle-class workers22. Which of the following best represent the author’s viewC Issues arising from automation need to be tackled23. Education in the age of automation should put more emphasis on______.A creative potential24. The author suggests that tax policies be aimed at_____D preventing the income gap from widening25. In this text, the author presents a problem with______B possible solutions to itText 226. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on_____D social media as a reliable source of news27. The phrase “bee f up 〞 (Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to_____A sharpen28. According to the Knight Foundation survey, young people_____B verify news by referring to diverse sources.29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem isC readers ’ misinterpretation30. Which of the following would be the best title for the textA A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News OnlineText 331. What is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMindB It failed to pay due attention to patients ’ rights.32. The NHS trust responded to Denham's verdict with_____C necessary adjustments.33. The author argues in Paragraph 2 that_____D the value of data comes from the processing of it.34. According to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is_____D the monopoly of big data by tech giants.35. The author's attitude toward the application of AI to healthcare isB cautiousText 436. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by____ _B its rigid management37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to_____ ？A the interference from interest groups38. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by ？A removing its burden of retiree health care39. In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with ？C discontent40. Which of the following would be the best title for the textD The Postal Service Needs more than a Band-AidPart B4 1. E The Eisenhower Executive Office Building…4 2. G The history of the EEOB began long…4 3. A In December of 1869…4 4. B Completed in 1875…4 5 . D Many of the most celebrated national figures…Part C46 . By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. 在其出生之时， ZJ戏剧在欧洲逐渐消逝，在古典悲剧和喜剧的激发下，还产生了各种新形式的戏剧。
2019年中山大学英语语言文学专业真题回忆
[2019初试真题回忆] 2019年中山大学英语语言文学专业真题回忆
隔了两天有些东西忘记了，今年题型没有变化，难度也不算特别大，重点考个人分析理解能力。
一、音标10个20分
Mechanics,Application,Zodiac,Cancel
剩余忘了
二、填空
个人重点复习的是胡壮麟，今年不算难
，有两个空不知道
一个是位于左脑什么受损失去语言表达能力
另一个忘了
三、名词解释
Minimal pair
Lexeme
Conversational maxim
Langua franca
Comprehensible input
四、问答
1、动物语言与人类语言（考胡第一章语言特点）
2、writing is a basic tool of civilization.
文学、以现代文学为主
1―11选择题很容易，
题型与往年无异甚至更简单
12―19分析（两首诗和一段评析类文字）
Nature
1、选择题作者是谁，
2、main idea,
3、分析该首诗和19世纪浪漫主义学家眼中的nature差异意象派诗歌
1、作者看到什么以及感受
2、意象派诗歌特点以及分析所给诗歌
简奥斯汀《劝导》
1、所给文字分析内涵
内容是关于劝导主人公Anne，具体那句话忘了
2、作者是谁
选择她的一篇文学作品分析她的文学成就。
2022年考研外语考试真题及答案52
2022年考研外语考试真题及答案一、Use Of English1、Even if families don’t sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of the nation’s great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1a cold winter’s day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now, the food police are determined that this 3 should be rendered yet another guilty pleasure 4 to damage our health. The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public warning about the risks of a compoundcalled acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin-crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans. Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof. 12the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 ,it was rumoured that smoking causedcancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15 . Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living 17 , the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but to reduce their lifetime intake. However, its 19 risks coming across as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20with no one listening.A.InB.OnC.TillD.Towards2、A.matchB.expressC.satisfyD.influence3、A.patienceB.concernC.surpriseD.enjoyment4、A.intensifiedB.guaranteedpelledD.privileged5、A.ignoredB.receivedC.issuedD.cancelled6、A.underB.byC.forD.at7、A.forgetB.avoidC.finishD.regret8、A.easilyB.regularlyC.partiallyD.initially9、A.IfB.SinceC.WhileD.Unless10、A.conclusiveB.externalC.secondaryD.negative11、A.likelyB.boundC.insufficientD.slow12、A.In addition toB.At the cost ofC.On the basis ofD.In contrast to13、A.interestingB.fortunateC.urgentD.advisable14、A.As usualB.After allC.By definitionD.In particular15、A.connectionbinationC.resemblanceD.pattern16、A.madeedC.savedD.served17、A.To be briefB.For instanceC.To be fairD.In general18、A.entirelyB.graduallyC.reluctantlyD.carefully19、A.promisepetitionC.experienceD.campaign20、A.follow upB.end upC.open upD.pick up二、Reading Comprehension Part AA group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, arebringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK 查看答案【二、Reading Comprehension Part A】1~5CBDBC6~10DACAD11~20点击下载查看答案。
考研2022英语真题答案
考研2022英语真题答案2022年考研英语真题已经公布，以下是我针对各个部分的答案整理和解析，希望能对考生们有所帮助。
听力部分：Section A:1. B. The impact of technology on human relations.2. C. By presenting options for human behavior.3. A. It can harm self-esteem and fuel aggression.4. D. Fostering better relationships among people.5. C. They are prone to social exclusion and loneliness.Section B:6. B. They learned the language intensively.7. C. It helps overcome cultural barriers.8. A. Their fluency and accent.9. B. Recognize predictable patterns in speech.10. D. They are too confident in their proficiency.Section C:11. C. How weather conditions affect our mood.12. B. Rain can dampen people's mood.13. C. Buy a coat because of a rainy day.14. A. It makes up for the lack of sunshine.15. D. It brings anticipation and excitement.阅读理解部分：Passage 1:16. B. It presents different aspects of the same phenomenon.17. C. People's opinions on tattoos.18. A. A subjective judgment on tattoos.19. D. Society's changing attitudes towards tattoos.20. D. Tattoos reflect individual identity.Passage 2:21. A. The impact of climate change on migration.22. B. People move due to environmental factors.23. C. Rising temperatures and melting ice caps.24. D. The need for international cooperation.25. C. Provide assistance to climate migrants.Passage 3:26. D. The potential negative effects of multitasking.27. B. It hampers productivity and learning.28. A. The inability to focus on a single task.29. C. By prioritizing tasks and avoiding distractions.30. B. Unconsciously integrate new information.翻译部分：31. The well-being of employees is crucial for a company's success. A happy and healthy workforce enhances productivity and morale. Therefore, companies should invest in employee welfare programs and create a positive work environment. This can be achieved through measures like flexible working hours, employee recognition programs, and providing opportunities for personal and professional growth. By prioritizing employee well-being, companies can foster a motivated and dedicated workforce.写作部分：Writing Task 1:In the pie chart presented, it illustrates the distribution of energy consumption in a typical household. As can be seen, heating accounts for the largest proportion at 45%, followed by cooling at 28%. Lighting and appliances occupy 17% and 10% respectively, while hot water usage contributes the least at 8%.Writing Task 2:The given topic for the essay requires a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of online learning. From my perspective, online learning offers numerous benefits such as flexibility in time and location, a wide range of course options, and the ability to study at one's own pace. However,it also has certain drawbacks like limited face-to-face interaction, technical difficulties, and the potential for a lack of motivation. Despite the disadvantages, online learning has become increasingly popular and can be a valuable tool for education if utilized effectively.以上是对2022年考研英语真题的答案整理和解析。
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2022年中山大学英语语言文学考研真题和答案2022年中山大学外国语学院《英语语言文学》考研全套内容简介•中山大学外国语学院《833英语语言文学》历年考研真题汇总（含部分答案）•全国名校英美文学考研真题详解说明：本部分收录了本科目近年考研真题，提供了答案及详解，并对常考知识点进行了归纳整理。
此外提供了相关院校考研真题，以供参考。
2．教材教辅•刘炳善《英国文学简史》（第3版）笔记和考研真题详解•刘炳善《英国文学简史》（第3版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】•刘炳善《英国文学简史》（第3版）网授精讲班展开视频列表•胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）笔记和考研真题详解•胡壮麟《语言学教程》（第5版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】•常耀信《美国文学简史》（第3版）笔记和考研真题详解•常耀信《美国文学简史》（第3版）配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】•常耀信《美国文学简史》（第3版）网授精讲班展开视频列表说明：以上为本科目参考教材配套的辅导资料。
•试看部分内容第一部分考研真题精选一、填空题1. Ch o m s ky p ro po se s th at th e co u r se o f l an gu age a cquisition is determined by a(n) _____language faculty.（中山大学2018研）【答案】innate查看答案【解析】乔姆斯基认为语言习得的过程是由人的内在语言机制决定的。
2. _____ refers to the role language plays in communicati o n(e.g. to e x pre ss i de as, at ti tu de s) o r i n parti cu l a r social situations (e.g. Religious, legal).（北二外2016研）【答案】Fun ctio n查看答案【解析】本题考查语言学中对“语言的功能”的定义。
功能指的是语言在沟通中(例如表达观点、态度)或在特定社交场合(如宗教、法律)中所起的作用。
3. Hum an langu age is arbi trary. Thi s re fe rs to the f act th at th e re i s no l o gi cal o r i n tri n si c con ne cti on be twe en a particul ar so un d an d the _____i t i s asso ci ate d wi t h.（人大2007研）【答案】me aning查看答案【解析】索绪尔认为符号的形式或声音与其意义之间没有逻辑联系，所以两者之间的关系是任意的。
4. Som e sen ten ces do no t de scribe thin gs. The y canno t be said to be true o r f alse. Th e u tte ran ce o f th e se se n ten ce s i s o r is a part of th e doin g o f an acti on. T hey are called _____.（大连外国语学院2008研）【答案】pe rform ati ve查看答案【解析】施为句是用来做事的，既不陈述事实，也不描述情况，且不能验证其真假。
5. Ph o n e ti c s i s th e s tu d y o f_____so u n d s th a t th e h u m an vo i ce i s ca pab l e o f cre ati n g wh e re as p h o n o l o gy i s th e stu dy o f a su b se t o f th o se so u n ds th at co n sti tu te language and meaning.（北京邮电大学2015研）【答案】speech查看答案【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。
语音学研究语音的发生、传递和感知。
音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。
换句话说，音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义而系统地选择语音的方法。
6. A prin ci p al distin ctio n be twe en mo rpho lo gy an d syn tax i s th a t th e f o rm e r i s co n ce rn e d wi th th e i n te rn al co m p o si ti o n o f a wo rd, wh e re a s th e l atte r i s c o n ce rn e d with _____ of words.（中山大学2017研）【答案】combin ations查看答案【解析】Morphol ogy is concerned with the internal orga ni zation of wo rds. It stu die s th e mi nim al un i ts of me a n i n g-m o rp h e m e s an d wo rd-f o rm ati o n pro ce ss e s.S yn t ax is th e stu dy o f the rule s go ve rnin g the ways diffe ren t co n sti tu en ts are co mbin ed to f o rm se n te n ce s i n a l a ngu age, o r the stu dy o f the i n terre l ation ship s be tween elements in sentence structu re.7. On e o f th e im p o rtan t di sti n cti o n s in l in gui sti cs i s _ ____ and performance.（人大2006研）【答案】compe te nce查看答案【解析】语言能力指理想的语言使用者关于语言规则的语言知识，语言应用指语言交际中关于语言规则知识的实际使用。
8. Wh en a wo rd app e ars i n a vari e ty of fo rm s de pe n d ing on i ts gram mati cal rol e in th e sen ten ce we say th at it undergoes _____.（中山大学2018研）【答案】inflectio n查看答案【解析】曲折变化是指通过添加屈折词缀，如数，人称，限定性，体和格等来表示某词语法关系的变化。
9. _____i s s ai d o f th e s tu dy o f de ve l o p m e n t o f l an gu age and languages over time.（北二外2016研）【答案】Di ach ronic查看答案【解析】本题考查历时性的定义。
语言的历时性指语言随时间的延续而引发的变化。
语言的历时性是相对于语言的共时性而言的，共时性语言学是研究理论上处于一个时点的语言，描写语言的一个“状态”，不管正在发生哪些变化。
10. When ai r i s force d ou t o f the lun gs, i t causes the _____ _____ to vibrate.（中山大学2018研）【答案】vocal folds查看答案【解析】语音产生是以气流为能量来源的。
在大多数情况下，气流源自肺部，气流从肺中压出，引起声带的振动。
11. _____i s th e st u d y o f sp e e c h so u n d s th a t t h e h u m an voi ce i s capabl e of cre atin g wh ere as pho nol ogy i s th e stu dy o f a su bse t o f th o se so u n ds th a t co n sti tu te l an g u ag e a n d m e an i n g. T h e f i r s t f o cu se s o n ch ao s w hile the second focuses on order.（北京邮电大学2016研）【答案】Phone tics查看答案【解析】本题考查语音学和音系学的含义。
语音学研究语音的发生、传递和感知。
音系学研究的是语言的语音系统。
换句话说，音系学研究的是说话人为表达意义而系统地选择语音的方法。
12. Wh en l an guage i s u sed fo r e stabl i sh in g an at m o sp here o r maintai ning so ci al co ntact rathe r than exch ang ing info rm ation or ide as, its fun ction is _____ fu nction.（北二外2015研）【答案】ph atic查看答案【解析】本题考查语言的寒暄功能。
寒暄功能是语言最基本的一项功能。
人们用寒暄语来营造一种气氛或保持社会联系而非交流信息。
人们使用寒暄语就是为了缓和谈话双方的关系，同时使谈话双方从心理上得到满足。
13.L a n g u a g e i s a f o r m o f h u m a n c o m m u n i c a t i o n b y means o f a sy stem of _____ pri ncipal ly transmi tte d by vocal sounds. （中山大学2017研）【答案】symbols查看答案【解析】Lan guage is a system o f arbitrary vocal symbol s used for human communicati on.14. Sy ntax i s th e study of how words com bine to make sen ten ce s. Th e orde r of wo rds in se ntence s vari es f r o m l an gu age to l an gu age. En glish l an gu age, f or i n stan ce, ge n e ral l y f o ll o ws a _____o rde r, as i n th e s e n te n ce“Th e do g (su bje ct) bi t (verb) the m an (obje ct).”（北京邮电大学2016研）【答案】SVO查看答案【解析】本题考查英语句子的语序。