初中英语现在完成时
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现在完成时
2017.11.24
冬天已经来了,
Winter has already come,
春天还会远吗 ?
will it still be far in spring?
Winter has already come.
现在完成时态
现在完成时的构成形式
助动词 have
has
过去 分词
done
助动词have/has可和前面的主 语缩略为’ve,’s.如 they’ve, we’ve,
They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. --我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿
也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. --从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢
双写辅音字母＋ed. 如：plan, stop,drop,fit(适 合), prefer(更喜欢), travel 4.以辅音字母＋y，结尾，变y为i＋ed try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry,copy
1.肯定句:
主语+have/has(助动词）+过去分词+(其他）。
come/go
begin/start stop
Used for a continuous state
have/has had have/has kept have/has been in/at have/has been away
have/has been in/a member of have/has been dead have/has been married
he’s, it’s; you’ve
has not=hasn’t
have not=haven’t
过去分词的变化
1、一般动词，在词尾加 +ed work, plant,call 2.以字母e结尾的动词，词尾加+d live, change,
like, love, agree, save hate, move, arrive, skate, hope, use 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的
Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year. The fish has been dead for two days. They have been married for more than twenty years. My cousin has been in Beijing for a month. The meeting has been on for half an hour. The conference has been over since last
5. Sally joined the League two years ago.
Sally ___h_a_s__b_e_e_n__i_n__ the League for two years.
比较延续性动词与瞬间性动词
延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如： be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
瞬间性动词例如come,go,leave等，不和表示延续性的时间状语连用， 例如for two hours或者是since last month。如果我们想用它们来表达 延续性的状态，就要把他们转化成对应的延续性动词。
Verb
buy borrow arrive leave
join
die get married
1. He died 10 years ago.
延
--- He ____ ____ ____ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.
续 性 动
--- He ____ ____ the book for 2 weeks.
二、用since和for填空
1.____two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.___ 1999 5.___yesterday 6.__4 o’clock 7__4 hours 8.___an hour ago 9.___we were children 10.__ lunch time 11.___ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing __ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him __ we were children.
性
--- He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
---He has had the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago.
之
--- He has been away from here for 2 years.
间
7. The film began 30 minutes ago.
比较since和for
since 用来说明动作起始时间— “自从……” for用来说明动作延续时间长度— “长达……” I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born. My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
最近
We have not seen Nancy recently.
刚刚
He has just seen Nancy.
…时间 She learned English for nine years.
自从… I have not eaten anything since 9 a.m.
在过去的… He has changed a lot in the past three
间 性 动
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
词
--- The light ____ ____ ____ for 2 hours.
之
6. He left here 2 years ago. --- He ____ ____ ____ from here for 2 years.
间 的 转
7. The film began 30 minutes ago.
化
--- The film ____ ____ ____ for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago.
--- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour.
have/has been in/at
have/has been on have/has been over
Example
He has had the watch for over two years. She has kept this book for two weeks. Kitty has been in Nanjing for a month. She has been away from home for ten years.
动 词 和 瞬 间
--- He has been here since three days ago.
性
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
动
--- The light has been on for 2 hours.
词
6. He left here 2 years ago.
9. They closed the door an hour ago.
--- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year.
--- He ____ ____ a ____ for a year.
--- He ____ ____ ____ the army for a year.
词
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
和
---He ____ ____ the motorbike for a month.
瞬
4. He arrived here three days ago. --- He ____ ____ here since three days ago.
2. 否定句: 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+(其他）。
3.一般疑问句 Have/has+ 主语+过去分词? Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/hasn’t.
现在完成时的含义
用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和 现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。
years.
1.Mr. Black left China in 1990.
Mr. Black __h_a_s__b_e_e_n__a_w_a_y__f_r_o_m___China since 1990.
2.The hero died five years ago.
The hero __h_a__s_b_e_e_n__d_e_a_d____ for five years.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese __ three years.
. 15. She has been away from the city __ about ten years
16. It’s about ten years __ she left the city.
3.The meeting began two minutes ago.
The meeting __h_a_s__b_e_e_n__o_n_____ for two minutes.
4.We borrowed two books last week.
We _h__a_v_e_k__e_p_t_____ the two books for a week.
Meaning
Example
已经
I have already done my homework.
还（未） I have not finished my homework yet.
从不，从没 I have never read this story.
曾经
Have you ever watched this film?
--- It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.
1. He died 10 years ago.
延
--- He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
续
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.
现百度文库完成时
past 一般过去时
now
现在完成时
future
表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/ 状态,
或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响
They have left. He has learned English since 2001.
和现在完成时连用的时间状语
already yet
never ever recently just for+时间段 since+时间点 in the past…
瞬间性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。 如： begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finish,go, leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,,start,stop等。 瞬间性 的动词是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
2017.11.24
冬天已经来了,
Winter has already come,
春天还会远吗 ?
will it still be far in spring?
Winter has already come.
现在完成时态
现在完成时的构成形式
助动词 have
has
过去 分词
done
助动词have/has可和前面的主 语缩略为’ve,’s.如 they’ve, we’ve,
They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. --我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿
也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. --从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢
双写辅音字母＋ed. 如：plan, stop,drop,fit(适 合), prefer(更喜欢), travel 4.以辅音字母＋y，结尾，变y为i＋ed try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry,copy
1.肯定句:
主语+have/has(助动词）+过去分词+(其他）。
come/go
begin/start stop
Used for a continuous state
have/has had have/has kept have/has been in/at have/has been away
have/has been in/a member of have/has been dead have/has been married
he’s, it’s; you’ve
has not=hasn’t
have not=haven’t
过去分词的变化
1、一般动词，在词尾加 +ed work, plant,call 2.以字母e结尾的动词，词尾加+d live, change,
like, love, agree, save hate, move, arrive, skate, hope, use 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的
Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year. The fish has been dead for two days. They have been married for more than twenty years. My cousin has been in Beijing for a month. The meeting has been on for half an hour. The conference has been over since last
5. Sally joined the League two years ago.
Sally ___h_a_s__b_e_e_n__i_n__ the League for two years.
比较延续性动词与瞬间性动词
延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如： be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。
瞬间性动词例如come,go,leave等，不和表示延续性的时间状语连用， 例如for two hours或者是since last month。如果我们想用它们来表达 延续性的状态，就要把他们转化成对应的延续性动词。
Verb
buy borrow arrive leave
join
die get married
1. He died 10 years ago.
延
--- He ____ ____ ____ for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.
续 性 动
--- He ____ ____ the book for 2 weeks.
二、用since和for填空
1.____two years 2.____two years ago 3.___last month 4.___ 1999 5.___yesterday 6.__4 o’clock 7__4 hours 8.___an hour ago 9.___we were children 10.__ lunch time 11.___ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing __ the year before last. 13. I’ve known him __ we were children.
性
--- He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
---He has had the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago.
之
--- He has been away from here for 2 years.
间
7. The film began 30 minutes ago.
比较since和for
since 用来说明动作起始时间— “自从……” for用来说明动作延续时间长度— “长达……” I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born. My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
最近
We have not seen Nancy recently.
刚刚
He has just seen Nancy.
…时间 She learned English for nine years.
自从… I have not eaten anything since 9 a.m.
在过去的… He has changed a lot in the past three
间 性 动
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
词
--- The light ____ ____ ____ for 2 hours.
之
6. He left here 2 years ago. --- He ____ ____ ____ from here for 2 years.
间 的 转
7. The film began 30 minutes ago.
化
--- The film ____ ____ ____ for 30 minutes.
8. They opened the door an hour ago.
--- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour.
have/has been in/at
have/has been on have/has been over
Example
He has had the watch for over two years. She has kept this book for two weeks. Kitty has been in Nanjing for a month. She has been away from home for ten years.
动 词 和 瞬 间
--- He has been here since three days ago.
性
5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.
动
--- The light has been on for 2 hours.
词
6. He left here 2 years ago.
9. They closed the door an hour ago.
--- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour.
10. He joined the army last year.
--- He ____ ____ a ____ for a year.
--- He ____ ____ ____ the army for a year.
词
3. He bought the motorbike a month ago.
和
---He ____ ____ the motorbike for a month.
瞬
4. He arrived here three days ago. --- He ____ ____ here since three days ago.
2. 否定句: 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+(其他）。
3.一般疑问句 Have/has+ 主语+过去分词? Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/hasn’t.
现在完成时的含义
用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和 现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。
years.
1.Mr. Black left China in 1990.
Mr. Black __h_a_s__b_e_e_n__a_w_a_y__f_r_o_m___China since 1990.
2.The hero died five years ago.
The hero __h_a__s_b_e_e_n__d_e_a_d____ for five years.
14. Our teacher has studied Japanese __ three years.
. 15. She has been away from the city __ about ten years
16. It’s about ten years __ she left the city.
3.The meeting began two minutes ago.
The meeting __h_a_s__b_e_e_n__o_n_____ for two minutes.
4.We borrowed two books last week.
We _h__a_v_e_k__e_p_t_____ the two books for a week.
Meaning
Example
已经
I have already done my homework.
还（未） I have not finished my homework yet.
从不，从没 I have never read this story.
曾经
Have you ever watched this film?
--- It ____ a year ____ he joined the army.
1. He died 10 years ago.
延
--- He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.
续
2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.
现百度文库完成时
past 一般过去时
now
现在完成时
future
表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/ 状态,
或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响
They have left. He has learned English since 2001.
和现在完成时连用的时间状语
already yet
never ever recently just for+时间段 since+时间点 in the past…
瞬间性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。 如： begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finish,go, leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,,start,stop等。 瞬间性 的动词是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。