【全国校级联考】福建省龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021学年高一下期期末考试数学试题
福建省一级达标校2020-2021学年高一化学下学期期末质检试题(扫描版)
龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021~2020学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查
化学试题参考答案
一、选择题(共44分,其中1-10题每题2分,11-18题每题3分)
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C D B C B B D D C D 题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
答案 A D A B C C A A
二、非选择题(除标注外,其余每空均为2分)
19.(14分)
(1)第2周期第VIA族
(2)H2O 氧原子的半径比较小,与氢形成的键更稳定(其他合理答案也可)
(3)Na(1分) a、c
(4)SO2 +2OH-==SO3 2-+ H2O 或SO2 +OH-==HSO3 -
(5)
(方程式2分,单线桥1分)
20.(14分)
(1)分液漏斗
(2)还原
(3)F、E、B(或F、E、B)
(4)
(5)除去氯化氢气体氢氧化钠溶液(其他合理答案也可)
(6)<
21.(14分)
(1)催化剂红黑交替(其他合理答案也可)
(2)收集生成的乙醛,防止其挥发到空气中产生污染
(3) 2CH3CH2OH+O22CH3CHO+2H2O(或CuO与乙醇反应)④⑤
(4)该反应是放热反应
(5)还原
22.(14分)
(1)作涂料(其他合理答案也可)
(2)Fe3+ 、H+
(3)CO 、CO2
(4)将Fe2+ 氧化成Fe3+ a 50/a (5)。
福建省一级达标校2022-学年高一化学下学期期末质检试题
福建省龙岩市一级达标校2021-2021学年高一化学下学期期末质检试题〔考试时间:90分钟 总分值:100分〕注意:1.请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上。
2.可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Ca-40 Fe-56第I 卷〔选择题,共44分〕一、选择题〔共18题,其中1-10题每题2分,11-18题每题3分。
每题只有1个选项符合题意〕1.科学家通过粒子加速器进行实验,获得了一种罕见的4526Fe 原子。
对于4526Fe 和5626Fe ,以下有关数目不相同...的是〔 〕 A.质子数 B.最外层电子数 C.中子数D.核外电子数2.人体所需元素中,有一种对人类智力起重要作用的主族元素R 。
R 元素处于第五周期,其最高价氧化物的化学式为27R O ,那么R 元素的名称为〔 〕 A.氟B.氯C.溴D.碘3.化学家维勒在制备氰酸铵〔4NH CNO 〕时得到结晶物尿素[()22CO NH ],这一发现打破了当时化学界流行的“不能通过人工方法将无机物转化为有机物〞的“生命力论〞。
氰酸铵和尿素两种物质互为〔 〕 A.同种物质 B.同分异构体 C.同位素D.同素异形体4.1991年,我国著名化学家张清莲准确测得In 的相对原子质量为114.818,被国际原子量委员会采用为新的标准值。
铟〔In 〕的原子结构如下图,以下说法错误的选项是......〔 〕A.In 为长周期元素B.In 易导电导热C.In 在反响中易得电子D.结构示意图中X=495.木薯粉〔主要成分是淀粉〕、食盐〔主要成分是氯化钠〕、料酒〔有效成分为乙醇〕、食醋〔有效成分为乙酸〕等都是厨房常备的物品,它们主要成分或有效成分对应物质属于离子化合物的是〔 〕 A.木薯粉B.食盐C.料酒D.食醋6.以下化学用语中,错误的选项是......〔 〕 A.22H O 的电子式: B.乙烯的结构简式:22CH CH C.羟基的电子式:D.2+Mg 的结构示意图:7.锂不仅在军事工业中占有举足轻重的地位,而且在民用工业也是一种重要的材料。
福建省龙岩市2020_2021学年高一地理下学期期末考试试题
福建省龙岩市2020-2021学年高一地理下学期期末考试试题(考试时间:75分钟满分:100分)注意:请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上。
第I卷(选择题共50分)本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。
每小题只有一个答案最符合题意,多选、错选、漏选均不得分。
2020年11月1日,中国第七次人口普查正式开启,与以往相比,普遍存在的“人户分离”给人口普查带来难。
“人户分离”现象指中华人民和国境内公民的经常居住地和常住户口登记地不一致,可分为“有户(籍)无人”和“有人无户(籍)”两种情况。
据此完成1~2题。
1.下列地区中,“人户分离”现象中“有户(籍)无人”现象相对普遍的是A.广东省B.黑龙江省C.浙江省D.江苏省2.下列现象与“人户分离”无关的是A.沿海城市常住人口快速增长B.暑假期间新疆游客众多C.春节期向交通运输压力增大D.南方山区农田撂荒严重2021年中央经济工作会议确定,力争我国二氧化碳排放2030年前达到峰值,2060年前实现碳中和。
据此完成3~4题。
3.下列产业部门的转型升级,对“碳达峰”影响最大的是A.金融业B.零售业C.采掘业D.制造业4.实现“碳中和”的可行措施是①缩小工业规模②参与植树造林③大力发展火电④提高环保标准A.①②B.①③C.③④D.②④2019年4月,国家发改委发布《2019年新型城镇化建设重点任务》,首次提出了“收缩型城市”的概念,并针对性地提出要“促进城市精明增长”。
图1示意我国主要“收缩型城市”分布。
据此完成5~6题。
图15.造成该类型城市收缩的原因最有可能是A.产业结构升级B.矿产资源枯竭C.自然灾害频发D.长期低生育率6.“精明增长”理论对现阶段我国城市规划的借鉴意义是A.推动郊区城市化B.推进棚户区改造C.优先发展制造业D.大量兴建卫星城7.下列城市中,宜将“精明增长”理念用于实践的是A.广州B.青岛C.福州D.鹤岗某大数据平台对2017年上半年城市人流量进行统计,图2示意我国某特大城市甲、乙两功能区之间工作日6时至22时人流量状况。
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末化学试卷(附答案详解)
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末化学试卷一、单选题(本大题共14小题,共42.0分)1.化学与生活密切相关,下列有关说法错误的是()A. 无水乙醇可直接用于医用消毒B. 燃煤中加入CaO可以减少SO2的排放C. 用灼烧的方法可区分蚕丝和人造纤维D. 加热能灭活新型冠状病毒是因为蛋白质受热变性2.以下六种核素: 36Li、 37Li、 614C、 714N、 1123Na、 1224Mg.下列相关说法错误的是()A. 36Li和 37Li在元素周期表中的位置相同B. 614C可用于鉴定文物年代C. 614C和 714N质量数相等,二者互为同位素D. 1123Na和 1224Mg的中子数相同3.短周期主族元素X、Y、Z、W的原子序数依次增大,X原子最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍,X、Y的核电荷数之比为3:4,单质Z在空气中燃烧有黄色火焰,W−的最外层为8电子结构。
下列说法正确的是()A. 简单氢化物的稳定性:X>YB. 原子半径大小:X<Y<Z<WC. Z与Y形成的化合物都只含离子键D. 化合物ZWY可作漂白剂和消毒剂4.下列有关化学用语的表示方法中正确的是()A. 硫化钠的电子式:B. Mg2+的结构示意图:C. CO2分子比例模型:D. HCl的形成过程:5.下列有关铝、硅及其化合物的叙述错误的是()A. 二氧化硅可用于生产电脑芯片和光导纤维B. 常温下可用铝槽车运输浓硫酸或浓硝酸C. 二氧化硅制备单晶硅涉及氧化还原反应D. 氢氧化铝可用于治疗胃酸过多6.下列叙述正确的是()A. 糖类、油脂、蛋白质都能水解B. 纤维素、蛋白质、油脂都是高分子化合物C. 鸡蛋清中加入硫酸铵浓溶液会出现盐析现象D. 淀粉和纤维素的通式均为(C4H10O5)n,二者互为同分异构体7.某兴趣小组设计的原电池装置如图,下列叙述错误的是()A. 负极的电极反应式为:Fe−2e−=Fe2+B. 石墨棒为正极,一段时间后质量增加C. 离子导体中的Fe3+向石墨棒方向移动D. 电子的流动方向是:铁片→导线→石墨棒8.含硒(Se)的保健品已进入市场,硒与氧同主族、与溴同周期。
福建省一级达标校2020-2021学年高一物理下学期期末质检试题(扫描版)
龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021~2020学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查物理试题参考答案一、选择题(13小题,每小题4分,共52分。
在每小题给出的4个选项中,第1-8题只有一项符合题目要求,第9-13题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错得0分)14. (1)需要 (2)不需要 (3)B t d )11(2222AB t t Md FL -=15. (1)1.5(1.4~1.6) 0.22(0.21~0.24) 0.24(0.23~0.25) (3)甲三、计算题(3小题,共32分。
请把正确答案填写在答题卡上。
解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式、重要的演算步骤和答案,只写最后答案的不能得分。
) 16.(10分) 解:(1)平直的公路上,速度最大时,加速度a=00.1f mg =牵引力 1F f = (1分) 由11P F v = (2分) 得130m v = (2分) (2)上坡行驶时速度最大时,加速度a=02sin 0F mg f α--= (1分)牵引力32310N F =⨯ (1分)由22P F v = (2分)得220m s v = (1分)17.(10分) 解:(1)“套环”在竖直方向上做自由落体运动,根据2g 21h t H =- (2分) 解得:t=0.4s (2分) (2)当“套环”刚好贴着木桩左侧落下时,速度有最大值,即:s m td d ax /9.2v m =+=环(2分) 当“套环”刚好贴着木桩右侧落下时,速度有最小值,即:s m tdin /5.2v m ==(2分)所以小红抛出“套环”的初速度范围是:s m v s m /9.2/5.20<< (2分) 18.(12分) 解:(1)设滑块质量为m ,滑块恰好能通过第1个圆轨道,有:Rv m mg 2= (2分)解得:v = (1分)滑块从A 点到圆轨道最高点过程机械能守恒,有:221)2(mv R h mg =- (2分)联立解得:h =5m (1分) (2)如果滑块停止在D 点,从A 点到D 点,根据动能定理,有:0CD mgh mgL μ-= (1分)解得h =2.4m<5m (1分) 若h <5m ,滑块会脱离圆轨道,故必须h ≥5m (1分) 如果小球停止在E 点,从A 点到E 点根据动能定理,有: (1分) 0cos )sin (=---αμμαDE CD DE mgL mgL L h mg解得h =6.12m (1分) 综上可得5m≤h≤6.12m (1分)。
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末数学试卷(附答案详解)
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末数学试卷一、单选题(本大题共8小题,共40.0分)1.已知i为虚数单位,(1−i)z=2,则复平面上z对应的点在()A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限2.设e1⃗⃗⃗ ,e2⃗⃗⃗ 是平面内两个不共线的向量,则向量a⃗,b⃗ 可作为基底的是()A. a⃗=e1⃗⃗⃗ +e2⃗⃗⃗ ,b⃗ =−e1⃗⃗⃗ −e2⃗⃗⃗B. a⃗=2e1⃗⃗⃗ +e2⃗⃗⃗ ,b⃗ =12e1⃗⃗⃗ +14e2⃗⃗⃗C. a⃗=e1⃗⃗⃗ +e2⃗⃗⃗ ,b⃗ =e1⃗⃗⃗ −e2⃗⃗⃗D. a⃗=e1⃗⃗⃗ −2e2⃗⃗⃗ ,b⃗ =−2e1⃗⃗⃗ +4e2⃗⃗⃗3.新中国成立以来,我国共进行了7次人口普查,这7次人口普查的城乡人口数据如图所示.根据该图数据判断,下列选项中错误的是()A. 乡村人口数均高于城镇人口数B. 城镇人口数达到最高峰是第7次C. 和前一次相比,城镇人口比重增量最大的是第7次D. 和前一次相比,城镇人口比重增量最小的是第3次4.在△ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,若A=105°,C=30°,b=√2,则c=()A. 12B. 1C. √2D. 25.已知圆柱OO1的侧面积为4π,体积为2π,则该圆柱的轴截面的面积为()A. 2B. 4C. 6D. 86.若α,β是两个不重合的平面,a,b,c是三条不重合的直线,则下列命题中正确的是()A. 若a//α,α∩β=b,则a//bB. 若a⊂α,b⊂β,b//c,a//β,则α//βC. 若a ⊂α,b ⊂α,且c ⊥a ,c ⊥b ,则c ⊥αD. 若a ⊥α,α∩β=c ,b//c ,则a ⊥b7. 已知菱形ABCD ,AC =2,BD =4,且AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =2BE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ,则∠DEC 的余弦值为( )A. 6√3131B. 6√3731C. 6√3137D. 6√37378. 现有5个相同的小球,分别标有数字1,2,3,4,5,从中有放回的随机抽取两次,每次抽取一个球,记:事件A 表示“第一次取出的球数字是2”,事件B 表示“第二次取出的球数字是3”,事件C 表示“两次取出的球的数字之和为8”,事件D 表示“两次取出的球的数字之和为6”,则下列选项正确的是( )A. 事件A 和事件C 相互独立B. 事件B 和事件C 相互独立C. 事件B 和事件D 相互独立D. 事件C 和事件D 相互独立二、多选题(本大题共4小题,共20.0分) 9. 设z 1,z 2,z 3为复数,则( )A. 若z 1>z 2,则z 1−z 2>0B. 若z 1z 2=z 2z 3,则z 1=z 3C. 若z 2−=z 1,则|z 1z 3|=|z 2z 3|D. 若z 1满足|z 1|=1,则|z 1−2|的最小值为110. 已知正四面体PABC 的棱长为2,M 、N 分别为PA 、PB 的中点.下列说法正确的有( )A. MN ⊥PCB. 异面直线BM 与PC 所成角的余弦值为√36C. 该正四面体的体积为√23D. 该正四面体的内切球体积为√627π11. 在平行四边形ABCD 中,AB =2,AD =2√3,AB⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =−6,AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =λAD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ,λ∈[0,1],则下列选项正确的是( )A. MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 的最小值是−3B. MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 的最小值是−2C. MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 的最大值是10D. MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 的最大值是2512. 在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 对边分别为a ,b ,c ,设向量m⃗⃗⃗ =(c,a +b),n ⃗ =(a,c),且m⃗⃗⃗ //n ⃗ ,则下列选项正确的是( ) A. A =2B B. C =2AC. 1<ca <2D. 若△ABC 的面积为c 24,则C =π2三、单空题(本大题共4小题,共20.0分)13. 已知向量a ⃗ =(1,3),b ⃗ =(3,4),若(λa ⃗ −b ⃗ )⊥b ⃗ ,则λ=______.14. 记一组数据x i (i =1,2,…,n)的平均数为x −,且x −=1.6,1n ∑(n i=1x i −x −)2=1.44,则1n∑x i 2n i=1=______.15. 已知圆C 的弦AB 的长度为2√3,则AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AC⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =______. 16. 已知三棱锥P −ABC ,PB =PC =AB =BC =AC =2√3,侧面PBC ⊥底面ABC ,则PA =______,三棱锥P −ABC 外接球的表面积为______. 四、解答题(本大题共6小题,共70.0分) 17. 已知复数z =a +(a −1)i(a ∈R).(1)若z ⋅z −=5,求a ; (2)求|z|的最小值.18. 如图,S 是圆锥的顶点,AB 是底面圆O 的直径,C 为底面圆周上异于A ,B 的点,D 为BC 的中点.(1)求证:平面SOD ⊥平面SBC ;(2)若圆锥的侧面积为3√5π,且BC =4,AC =2,求该圆锥的体积.19.为了解某班级学生期末考试数学成绩情况,抽取该班40名学生的数学成绩,将所得数据整理后,画出其频率分布直方图(如图),已知从左到右各长方形高的比为2:3:5:6:3:1.(1)根据频率分布直方图,计算抽取的数学成绩的平均数和第65百分位数(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值为代表);(2)若从分数在[80,90)和[130,140]的同学中随机抽取两位同学,求抽取的两位同学中至少有一位同学的数学成绩在[130,140]的概率.=bsinA这两个条件中任选一个,补20.在①√3(a−bcosC)=csinB;②√3acos A+C2充在下面问题中的横线上,并解答相应的问题.在△ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,且满足______,BD平分∠ABC交AC于点D,且BD=2,AC=3,求△ABC的面积.21.甲、乙两人组成“星队”参加猜成语活动,每轮活动由甲、乙各猜一个成语,已知甲每轮猜对的概率为p,乙每轮猜对的概率为q.在每轮活动中,甲和乙猜对与否互,恰有一人猜不影响,各轮结果也互不影响.已知每轮甲、乙同时猜错的概率为112.错的概率为512(1)求p和q;(2)若p>q,求“星队”在两轮活动中猜对2个成语的概率.22.已知等边三角形ABC,D,E分别是边AB,AC上的三等分点,且AD=CE(如图甲),将△ADE沿DE折起到△A1DE的位置(如图乙),M是A1D的中点.(1)求证:EM//平面A1BC;(2)若二面角A1−DE−B的大小为2π,求直线DE与平面A1CE所成角的正弦值.3答案和解析1.【答案】A【解析】解:首先由(1−i)z=2求得z=21−i =2(1+i)(1−i)(1+i)=1+i,对应点为(1,1),在第一象限.故选:A.首先由(1−i)z=2求得z,然后可确定复平面上z对应的点所在象限.本题考查复数除法运算,考查复数几何意义,属于基础题.2.【答案】C【解析】解:对于A,a⃗=−b⃗ ,∴a⃗,b⃗ 共线,不能作基底,∴不选A;对于B,a⃗=4b⃗ ,∴a⃗,b⃗ 共线,不能作基底,∴不选B;对于C,不存在λ,使得a⃗=λb⃗ ,能作基底,∴选C;对于D,a⃗=−12b⃗ ,∴a⃗,b⃗ 共线,不能作基底,∴不选D.故选:C.依据向量共线定理可解决此题.本题考查平面向量基本定理,考查数学运算能力及直观想象能力,属于中档题.3.【答案】A【解析】解:因为2020年城镇人口高于乡村人口,故选项A错误;因为城镇人口数达到最高峰是2020年,即第7次,故选项B正确;第2次和第1次相比,城镇人口比重增量为18.3%−13.26%=5.04%,第3次和第2次相比,城镇人口比重增量为20.91%−18.3%=2.61%,第4次和第3次相比,城镇人口比重增量为26.44%−20.91%=5.53%,第5次和第4次相比,城镇人口比重增量为36.22%−26.44%=9.78%,第6次和第5次相比,城镇人口比重增量为49.68%−36.22%=13.46%,第7次和第6次相比,城镇人口比重增量为63.89%−49.68%=14.21%,所以和前一次相比,城镇人口比重增量最大的是第7次,故选项C正确;前一次相比,城镇人口比重增量最小的是第3次,故选项D正确.故选:A.利用题中柱形图和折线图中的数据信息以及变化趋势,对四个选项逐一分析判断即可.本题考查了条形图和折线图的应用,读懂统计图并能从统计图得到必要的信息是解决问题的关键,属于基础题.4.【答案】B【解析】解:在△ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c,A=105°,C=30°,所以B=45°,b=√2,则c=bsinCsinB =√2×12√22=1.故选:B.利用三角形的内角和求解B,然后利用正弦定理求解c即可.本题考查正弦定理的应用,是基础题.5.【答案】B【解析】解:设底面圆的半径为r,圆柱的高为h,则有{V=πr2ℎ=2πS侧=2πrℎ=4π,解得r=1,ℎ=2,所以该圆柱的轴截面的面积为S=2rℎ=2×2=4.故选:B.设底面圆的半径为r,圆柱的高为h,由体积和侧面积公式求出r和h,由轴截面的面积公式求解即可.本题考查了圆柱几何性质的应用,圆柱体积公式的应用,轴截面的理解与应用,考查了空间想象能力与逻辑推理能力,属于基础题.6.【答案】D【解析】解:若a//α,α∩β=b,则a//b或a与b异面,故A错误;若a⊂α,b⊂β,b//c,a//β,则α//β或α与β相交,故B错误;若a⊂α,b⊂α,且c⊥a,c⊥b,则c⊂α或c//α或c与α相交,相交也不一定垂直,只有添加条件a与b相交,才有c⊥α,故C错误;若a ⊥α,α∩β=c ,则a ⊥c ,又b//c ,所以有a ⊥b ,故D 正确. 故选:D .由空间中直线与直线、直线与平面的位置关系判断A 与B ;由直线与平面垂直的判定判断C ;由异面直线所成角的求法判定D .本题考查空间中直线与直线、直线与平面、平面与平面位置关系的判定,考查空间想象能力与思维能力,是基础题.7.【答案】D【解析】解:根据题意,菱形ABCD ,AE⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =2BE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ,则A 、B 、E 三点共线,且B 是AE 的中点, 如图:AC =2,BD =4,则AB =√(AC2)2+(BD 2)2=√5,则AE =2AB =2√5, 在△ABD 中,cos∠BAD =AB 2+AD 2−2AB⋅AD2AB⋅AD =−35,在△ADE 中,DE 2=AE 2+AD 2−2AE ⋅AD ⋅cos∠BAD =37,则DE =√37, 又由EC =BD =4,DC =AB =√5, 则cos∠DEC =DE 2+EC 2−DC 22DE⋅EC=6√3737,故选:D .根据题意,分析A 、B 、E 三点的关系可得B 是AE 的中点,求出AB 的值,在△ABD 中,由余弦定理求出cos∠BAD ,进而求出DE ,分析求出EC 和DC 的值,进而利用余弦定理计算可得答案.本题考查三角形中的几何计算,涉及余弦定理的应用,注意分析A 、B 、E 三点的关系,属于中档题.8.【答案】C【解析】解:由题意,P(A)=15,P(B)=15,P(C)=325,P(D)=15, 对于A ,P(AB)=0≠P(A)P(B),故选项A 错误;≠P(B)P(C),故选项B错误;对于B,P(BC)=125=P(B)P(D),故选项C正确;对于C,P(BD)=125≠P(C)P(D),故选项D错误.对于D,P(CD)=125故选:C.利用相互独立事件的概率乘法公式,对四个选项逐一分析判断即可.本题考查了相互独立事件的判断,解题的关键是掌握相互独立事件的概率公式,考查了逻辑推理能力,属于基础题.9.【答案】ACD【解析】解:∵z1>z2,∴z1−z2>z2−z2=0,故A选项正确,若z1z2=z2z3,则z2(z1−z3)=0,当z2=0,z1≠z3时,等式也成立,故B选项错误,∵z2−=z1,∴z2=z1−,设z1=a+bi,则z2=a−bi,∴|z1|=|z2|=√a2+b2,∴|z1||z3|=|z2||z3|,即|z1z3|=|z2z3|,故C选项正确,设z1=a+bi,(a,b∈R),∵|z1|=1,∴a2+b2=1,−1≤a≤1,∴z1−2=a−2+bi,∴|z1−2|=√(a−2)2+b2=√(a−2)2+1−a2=√5−4a,∵−1≤a≤1,∴|z1−2|min=√5−4=1,故D选项正确.故选:ACD.根据已知条件,结合共轭复数的概念和复数模的求法,以及复数模的几何意义,即可求解.本题主要考查了共轭复数的概念和复数模的求法,考查了复数模的几何意义,需要学生有较强的综合能力,属于中档题.10.【答案】ABD【解析】解:正四面体PABC 的棱长为2,M 、N 分别为PA 、PB 的中点. 如图所示:对于A :取AB 的中点D ,连接PD ,DC , 由于AP =BP ,AC =CB ,所以PD ⊥AB ,CD ⊥AB ,故AB ⊥平面PCD ,所以AB ⊥PC ,由于NM//AB ,所以MN ⊥PC ,故A 正确;对于B :取AC 的中点E ,连接ME ,BE ,所以异面直线BM 与PC 所成角为∠BME , 由于ME =12PC =1,BM =√4−1=√3,BE =√3, 故cos∠BME =√3)22√3)22×√3×1=√36,故B 正确;对于C :BE 和DC 交点O 为底面△ABC 的中心, 故OC =(2√33)=2√63,所以V P−ABC =13×12×2×2×√32×2√63=2√23,故C 错误;对于D :利用等体积转换法:设内切球的半径为r , 所以V P−ABC =4×13×12×2×2×√32⋅r =2√23,解得r =√66,故V 球=43⋅π⋅(√66)3=√6π27,故D 正确. 故选:ABD .直接利用线面垂直的判定和性质的应用,异面直线的夹角的求法,余弦定理的应用,勾股定理的应用,等体积转换法,球的体积公式的应用判断A 、B 、C 、D 的结论. 本题考查的知识要点:线面垂直的判定和性质的应用,异面直线的夹角的求法,余弦定理的应用,勾股定理的应用,等体积转换法,球的体积公式的应用,主要考查学生的运算能力和数学思维能力,属于中档题.11.【答案】BC【解析】解:由图可得MB⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )(MA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ) =AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AC⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =−λAB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅(AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +BC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )+AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ²−λAD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅(AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +BC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )=−λAB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +|AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |²+AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅BC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +λAD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ²−λAD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ −λAD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅BC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =6λ+4−6+12λ+6λ−12λ =12λ−2, 因为λ∈[0,1],所以MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12λ−2∈[−2,10], 故选:BC .作图,利用向量三角形法则、平面向量数量积性质等用含λ的式子表示出MB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅MC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12λ−2,然后根据λ取值范围即可得到答案.本题考查平面向量数量积法则的应用,考查数形结合思想、转化思想,属于基础题.12.【答案】BC【解析】解:△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 对边分别为a ,b ,c ,设向量m ⃗⃗⃗ =(c,a +b),n ⃗ =(a,c),且m⃗⃗⃗ //n ⃗ , 所以可得:c 2=a(a +b)=a 2+ab , 而c 2=a 2+b 2−2abcosC , 所以可得:ab =b 2−2abcosC , 可得a =b −2a ⋅cosC ,由正弦定理可得:sinA =sinB −2sinAcosC =sin(A +C)−2sinAcosC =sinAcosC +cosAsinC −2sinAcosC =sin(C −A), 所以可得A =C −A 或A +C −A =π,可得C =2A 或C =π(舍)所以B 正确,A 不正确. C =2A <π,所以A <π2所以B=π−A−C=π−3A,可得π−3A>0,所以A<π3,可得0<A<π3由正弦定理可得ca =sinCsinA=sin2AsinA=2sinAcosAsinA=2cosA∈(1,2),所以C正确;S△ABC=12absinC=c24,由正弦定理可得12sinAsinBsinC=14sin2C,所以sinAsinB=12sinC,即sinAsin3A=12sin2A,整理可得:sin3A=cosA,所以3A=π2±A,可得A=π4或π8,进而可得C=π2或π4,所以D不正确;故选:BC.由向量的关系可得a,c的关系,再由余弦定理可得A,C的关系,进而求出B与A的关系,再由三角形的内角和可得A的范围,由正弦定理可得ca=2cosA,由A的范围求出ca的范围,由面积公式及面积的值可得A角,进而求出C的值,可判断命题的真假.本题考查三角形的正余弦定理的应用,向量的运算,属于中档题.13.【答案】53【解析】解:∵向量a⃗=(1,3),b⃗ =(3,4),(λa⃗−b⃗ )⊥b⃗ ,∴(λa⃗−b⃗ )⋅b⃗ =λa⃗⋅b⃗ −b⃗ 2=λ(3+12)−25=15λ−25=0,则λ=53,故答案为:53.由题意利用两个向量垂直的性质,两个向量的数量积公式,计算求得λ的值.本题主要考查两个向量垂直的性质,两个向量的数量积公式,属于基础题.14.【答案】4【解析】解:因为数据x i(i=1,2,…,n)的平均数为x−=1.6,方差为1n ∑(ni=1x i−x−)2=1n∑(ni=1x i2−nx−2)=1n∑x i2ni=1−x−2=1.44,所以1n ∑x i 2n i=1=1.44+1.62=4.故答案为:4.根据平均数和方差的计算公式,计算即可.本题考查了平均数和方差的计算公式应用问题,是基础题.15.【答案】6【解析】解:取AB 的中点O ;连接CO ; 则CO ⊥AB ;∵在圆C 中弦AB 的长度为2√3,∴AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ==(AO ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +OC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )⋅AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AO ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +OC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 2=12×2√3×2√3=6; 故答案为:6.取AB 的中点O ;连接CO ;则CO ⊥AB ;利用向量的三角形法则即可求出结论. 本题考查向量的数量积的应用,考查向量的表示以及计算,考查计算能力,是基础题.16.【答案】3√2 20π【解析】解:三棱锥P −ABC ,PB =PC =AB =BC =AC =2√3, 如图所示:侧面PBC ⊥底面ABC ,则PF =√(2√3)2−(√3)2=3,同理AF =√(2√3)2−(√3)2=3, 所以PA =√32+32=3√2, 根据勾股定理的应用: DF =EF =13×3=1,所以DC =2,所以OC =√22+12=√5, 所以S 球=4⋅π⋅(√5)2=20π. 故答案为:3√2;20π.首先利用勾股定理的应用求出PA 的长,进一步利用勾股定理的应用求出外接球的半径和球的表面积.本题考查的知识要点:三棱锥体和球体的关系,球的表面积公式的应用,主要考查学生的运算能力和数学思维能力,属于基础题.17.【答案】解:(1)∵z =a +(a −1)i(a ∈R),∴z −=a −(a −1)i(a ∈R), ∴z ⋅z −=(a −1)2+a 2=5,∴a 2−a −2=0,解得a =2或a =−1.(2)∵|z|=√(a −1)2+a 2=√2a 2−2a +1=√2(a −12)2+12 ∴a =12时,|z|的最小值为√22.【解析】(1)根据共轭复数的概念,可得z −=a −(a −1)i(a ∈R),再结合复数代数形式的乘法运算,即可求解.(2)根据已知条件,结合复数模的公式,即可求解.本题考查了复数代数形式的乘法运算,以及复数模的公式,需要学生熟练掌握公式,属于基础题.18.【答案】解:(1)证明:由圆锥的性质可知,SO ⊥底面圆O∵BC 在底面圆O 上,∴BC ⊥SO , ∵C 在圆O 上,AB 为直径,∴AC ⊥BC , 又点O ,D 分别为AB ,BC 的中点,∴OD//AC ,∴OD ⊥BC ,又OD ∩SO =O ,且OD ,SO ⊂平面SOD ,∴BC ⊥平面SOD ,又BC ⊂平面SBC ,∴平面SOD ⊥平面SBC .(2)∵BC=4,AC=2,∴AB=√AC2+BC2=√42+22=2√5,∴底面周长为2√5π,∴S侧=12×SA×2√5π=3√5π,∴SA=3,∴SO=√SA2−AO2=2,∴V圆锥=13×5π×SO=10π3.【解析】(1)推导出SO⊥底面圆O,BC⊥SO,AC⊥BC,OD//AC,OD⊥BC,从而BC⊥平面SOD,由此能证明平面SOD⊥平面SBC.(2)求出底面周长为2√5π,S侧=3√5π,从而SA=3,SO=√SA2−AO2=2,由此能求出该圆锥的体积.本题考查面面垂直的证明,考查该圆锥体积的求法,考查空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系等基础知识,考查运算求解能力、推理论证能力,是中档题.19.【答案】解:(1)因为频率分布直方图中,高的比就是频率的比,所以各区间上的频率可依次设为2x,3x,5x,6x,3x,x,则2x+3x+5x+6x+3x+x=1,解得x=120,所以各区间上的频率从左往右依次为:0.1,0.15,0.25,0.3,0.15,0.05,所以平均数为:85×0.1+95×0.15+105×0.25+115×0.3+125×0.15+135×0.05=109,假设第65百分位数为y,则0.1+0.15+0.25+(y−110)×0.03=0.65,解得y=115;所以所求平均数为109,第65百分位数为115.(2)由(1)可知数学成绩在[80,90)共有40×0.1=4人,分别记为a,b,c,d,数学成绩在[130,140]共有40×0.05=2人,分别记为A,B,从这6人中随机抽出两位同学的样本空间Ω={AB,Aa,Ab,Ac,Ad,Ba,Bb,Bc,Bd,ab,ac,ad,bc,bd,cd},n(Ω)=15,记事件M表示“至少有一位同学的数学成绩在[130,140]”,n(M)=9,所以至少有一位同学的数学成绩[130,140]的概率为P(M)=915=35.【解析】(1)因为频率分布直方图中高的比就是频率的比,从而求各区间的频率,再求平均数与第65百分位数,(2)可知数学成绩在[80,90)共有4人,在[130,140]共有2人,利用列举法及古典概率模型公式求概率.本题考查了频率分布直方图的应用及古典概率模型的应用,属于基础题.20.【答案】解:若选①,由正弦定理,得√3(sinA−sinBcosC)=sinCsinB.由sinA=sin(B+C)=sinBcosC+cosBsinC,得√3cosBsinC=sinCsinB,由0<C<π,得sinC≠0,所以√3cosB=sinB,所以tanB=√3.又0<B<π,得B=π3.若选②,因为√3acos A+C2=bsinA,由正弦定理得√3sinAcos A+C2=sinBsinA,因为0<A<π,sinA≠0,所以√3cos A+C2=sinB,又因为A+B+C=π,所以A+C2=π2−B2,所以cos A+C2=cos(π2−B2)=sin B2,所以√3sin B2=2sin B2cos B2,又因为B2∈(0,π2),sin B2≠0,所以cos B2=√32,所以B=π3,因为S△ABD+S△CBD=S△ABC,所以12×2×c×sinπ6+12×2×a×sinπ6=12×a×c×sinπ3,化简得a+c=√32ac①,由余弦定理得b2=a2+c2−2accosB,所以9=a2+c2−ac,所以(a+c)2=3ac+9②,联立①②化简得a2c2−4ac−12=0,所以(ac−6)(ac+2)=0,解得ac=6或ac=−2(舍去),又因为S△ABC=12acsinB,所以S△ABC=12×6×√32=32√3.【解析】若选①,由正弦定理,两角和的正弦公式,同角三角函数基本关系式可求tan B 的值,结合0<B <π,可得B 的值;若选②,利用三角函数恒等变换的应用化简已知等式可得cos B2=√32,即可求解B 的值,由于S △ABD +S △CBD =S △ABC ,利用三角形的面积公式可得a +c =√32ac ,由余弦定理得(a +c)2=3ac +9②,联立得a 2c 2−4ac −12=0,解得ac 的值,根据三角形的面积公式即可求解.本题主要考查了正弦定理,三角函数恒等变换,三角形的面积公式,余弦定理在解三角形综合应用,考查了计算能力和转化思想,属于中档题.21.【答案】解:(1)根据题意,设M 表示事件“每轮甲、乙同时猜错”;N 表示事件“恰有一人猜错”,则P(N)=(1−p)q +p(1−q)=512, P(M)=(1−p)(1−q)=112,解可得:p =23,q =34或p =34,q =23; (2)根据题意,若p >q ,则p =34,q =23,设A i 表示事件“甲在两轮中猜对i 个成语”,B i 表示事件“乙在两轮中猜对i 个成语”,(i =0、1、2),E 表示“星队”在两轮活动中猜对2个成语, 由于两轮猜的结果相互独立,所以P(E)=P(A 0B 2)+P(A 1B 1)+P(A 2B 0)=14×14×23×23+2×14×34×2×13×23+34×34×13×13=4144+24144+9144=37144; 故“星队”在两轮活动中猜对2个成语的概率为37144.【解析】(1)设M 表示事件“每轮甲、乙同时猜错”;N 表示事件“恰有一人猜错”,分析可得关于p 、q 的方程组,解可得p 、q 的值,即可得答案;(2)根据题意,设A i 表示事件“甲在两轮中猜对i 个成语”,B i 表示事件“乙在两轮中猜对i 个成语”,(i =0、1、2),E 表示“星队”在两轮活动中猜对2个成语,分析可得P(E)=P(A 0B 2)+P(A 1B 1)+P(A 2B 0),由相互独立事件的概率公式计算的可得答案. 本题考查相互独立事件的概率计算,涉及互斥事件概率的加法公式,属于基础题.22.【答案】解:(1)证法一:过点E作EF//BD交BC于点F,取A1B的中点G,∵△ABC是等边三角形,AD=CE,∴EF//BD,EF=12BD,又∵M、G分别为A1D和A1B的中点,∴MG为△A1BD的中位线,∴MG//BD,MG=12BD,∴EF//MG,EF=12MG,∴四边形EFGM为平行四边形,∴EM//FG,又∵FG⊂面A1BC,EM⊄面A1BC,∴EM//平面A1BC,证法二:取点F为BD中点,连EF,则EC=BF,因此EF//BC,又∵BC⊂平面A1BC,EF⊄平面A1BC,∴EF//平面A1BC,连MF,∵点M为A1D中点,∴MF//A1B,又∵A1B⊂平面A1BC,MF⊄平面A1BC,∴MF//平面A1BC,又MF∩EF=F,∴平面MFE//平面A1BC,∵EM⊂平面MPE,∴EM//平面A1BC(2)设AB=3,则AD=1,AE=2,∵∠A=60°,∴在△ADE中,由余弦定理,得DE=√AD2+AE2−2AD⋅AE⋅cosA=√3,∵22=12+(√3)2,∴AE2=AD2+DE2,∴∠ADE=90°,∴DE⊥AD,DE⊥BD,∴DE⊥BD,DE⊥A1D,又∵A1D⊂面A1DE,BD⊂面BDE,∴∠A1DB为二面角A1−DE−B的平面角,∴∠A1DB=2π3设A1在面BDEC内的投影为P,则P在BD的延长线上,∴A1P⊥BD,∵∠A1DB=2π3,∴∠A1DP=π3,在△A1DP中,A1D=AD=1,由正弦定理,得DP=12,A1P=√32,连接CP,且BP=52,在△BCP中,由余弦定理,得CP=√BP2+BC2−BP⋅BC⋅ cosB=√312,在Rt △A 1PC 中,A 1C =√A 1P 2+CP 2=√342,∴在△A 1CE 中,cos∠A 1EC =4+1−3444=−78,∴sin∠A 1EC =√158,∴S △A 1CE =12×2×1×√158=√158, 设DE 与平面A 1CE 所成角为θ,点D 到平面A 1CE 的距离为d , 由V D−A 1CE =V A 1−DCE ,∴13×S △A 1CE ×d =13×S △DCE ×A 1P , 又∵S △DCE =12×√3×1×sin5π6=√34,∴d =√15,∴sinθ=d DE=√55, ∴直线DE 与平面A 1CE 所成角的正弦值为√55.【解析】(1)证法一:过点E 作EF//BD 交BC 于点F ,取A 1B 的中点G ,利用线面平行判定定理证明,证法二:取点F 为BD 中点,连EF ,先证明面面平行,再证明线面平行;(2)设AB =3,在△ADE 中求出DE ,可判断∠A 1DB 为二面角A 1−DE −B 的平面角,再结合条件,利用等体积法求解即可.本题考查了线面平行的判定定理和性质,直线与平面所成的角,同时考查了空间想象力,属于中档题.。
福建省一级达标校2020-2021学年高一语文下学期期末质检试题
福建省龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021学年高一语文下学期期末质检试题(考试时间:150分钟满分:150分)注意:请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上。
一、现代文阅读(24分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
①“网红”一词的兴起似乎是近些年的事情。
《咬文嚼字》2015年年度十大流行语排名中,“网红”入榜。
次年,网红社会关注度、产业化程度集中爆发。
而实际上,网红发展沿革几乎与中国互联网发展同步。
②上世纪90年代末,一批网络作家及各大贴吧、论坛的知名吧主、版主可以称作中国第一代网红。
在网速较慢,智能手机、轻便摄录设备还未普及的年代,网红们主要依靠文字聚拢大批粉丝。
2004年前后,第二代网红崭露头角,他们在互联网上通过图像、照片等更加直观的形式展示自我、分享生活、表达态度,积极与网友互动。
这一代网红恰逢中国互联网由“搜索”阶段向社交化阶段发展的关键时期。
与初代网红相比,他们更接近普通人,也更多依靠独特个性赢得大众关注。
2015年以来,随着互联网尤其是移动互联网发展,人们能够随时随地享受高速网络,轻松便捷分享高清影像,视频网站、直播平台也日益蓬勃。
第三代网红赶上短视频内容创作风口,各具风格的视频作品走入人们视野,内容更加专业和精致。
③成为网红,看起来容易,其实需要辛苦耕耘。
在互联网早期,一些人以噱头博取眼球成为网红,虽短时间内为众人瞩目,但因未能持续提供内容而迅速淡出公众视野。
事实证明,网红要“长红”,必须有鲜明突出的自身定位、个人特色以及强大的内容输出能力,才能获得稳定、持续的粉丝吸引力,形成自身品牌。
④网红本质上是互联网社交的产物,是个人与互联网用户共同参与、相互选择的结果。
网红知名度和影响力归根结底是广大互联网用户赋予的。
带有鲜明互联网属性的网红,容纳更广泛的大众趣味,也更直观地反映时代风尚。
出于互联网用户的主动选择,网红与其追随者之间具有很强的黏性,这种黏性往往形成特定的网络社群,转化为粉丝经济的消费主体。
福建省一级达标校2020-2021学年高一生物下学期期末质检试题
福建省龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021学年高一生物下学期期末质检试题(考试时间:90分钟满分:100分)注意:请将试题的全部答案填写在答题卡上一、选择题(本大题共35小题。
1-20题每小题1分;21-35题每小题2分,共50分。
每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
)1.下列性状中,属于相对性状的是A.番茄的圆果与黄果B.狗的卷毛与白毛C.豌豆的高茎与矮茎D.兔的长毛与狗的短毛2.光反应和暗反应是光合作用过程的不同阶段,下列叙述正确的是A.光反应必须在光照条件下进行B.暗反应必须在黑暗条件下进行C.二氧化碳的固定在光反应中进行D.影响光反应的环境因素不会影响暗反应3.科学家用含有14C的二氧化碳来追踪光合作用中的碳原子,这种碳原子的转移途径是A.二氧化碳→ADP→NADPHB.二氧化碳→NADPH-→ATPC.二氧化碳→糖类→五碳化合物D.二氧化碳→三碳化合物→糖类4.一个胃癌患者发现肺部也出现了癌细胞,原因可能是A.癌细胞能够无限增殖B.癌细胞形态结构发生变化C.癌细胞表面糖蛋白减少容易分散和转移D.癌细胞选择性表达了原癌基因和抑癌基因5.离体的叶绿体在光照下进行稳定光合作用时,如果突然撤去光照,短暂时间内叶绿体中物质相对含量的变化是A.ATP增多,NADPH减少B.ATP减少,NADPH增多C.C3化合物减少,C5化合物增多D.C3化合物增多,C5化合物减少6.右图是光合作用探索历程中恩格尔曼的实验示意图,有关叙述正确的是A.用水绵做实验材料是因为其叶绿体呈球形便于观察B.实验前需“黑暗”处理,以消耗细胞中原有淀粉C.实验通过观察好氧细菌的分布来确定氧气产生的位置D.实验证明叶绿体主要吸收红光和蓝紫光7.下列关于抗维生素D佝偻病的叙述,错误的是A.女性患者中部分患者病症较轻B.男性患者的女儿都是患者C.表现正常的夫妇也可能携带致病基因D.人群中女性患者的数量多于男性患者8.右图中4、6、7号为色盲患者,7号个体的色盲基因来源于A.1号B.2号C.4号D.3号9.下列一定属于同源染色体的是A.分别来自父方和母方的两条染色体B.形状和大小都相同的两条染色体C.着丝点分裂后形成的两条染色体D.减数分裂中配对的两条染色体10.正常情况下果蝇体内等位基因不可能存在于A.精细胞B.四分体C.同源染色体D.次级卵母细胞11.假如有15个初级卵母细胞和5个初级精母细胞,都能正常发育产生配子并受精,则最多能形成的受精卵数目是A.60B.20C.15D.512.一对夫妇表现型正常,却生了一个白化病女儿。
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末语文试卷(附答案详解)
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末语文试卷一、单选题(本大题共6小题,共12.0分)1.下列选项中字音字形全都正确的一项是()A. 切中肯綮.(qìng)瞋.(chēn)目商贾.(gǔ)汗涔涔.(cén)B. 抢.(qiǎng)呼欲绝庖.(páo)厨孝悌.(dì)庇.(bì)佑C. 豁.(huò)然开朗悚.(sǒng)然踌著.(chú)迂讷.(nà)D. 纷繁无.(wú)杂搠.(shuò)倒青蒿.(gāo)素撮.(cuò)合2.下列句子中加点的字不全是通假字的一项是()A. 鼓瑟希.,铿尔盖.亦反其本矣B. 向使四君却客而不内.手裁.举C. 旦日不可不蚤.自来谢项王微.夫人之力不及此D. 不宜卤.莽暴.霜露,斩荆棘3.下列各句中加点的词解释不正确的一项是()A. 道芷阳间.行间:从小路B. 善.刀而藏之善:措拭C. 骊山北.构而西折北:向北D. 当以乐.牺牲吾身乐:快乐4.下列各句中加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是()A. 后人哀之而.不鉴之源不深而.岂望流之远B. 如其.礼乐,以俟君子吾其.还也C. 臣之.壮也,犹不如人未之.有也D. 斯亦伐根以.求木茂五亩之宅,树之以.桑5.下列各选项句式分类正确的一项是()A. ①③⑨/②⑧/④⑤⑩/⑥⑫/⑦⑪B. ①③⑪②④⑧/⑤⑨/⑥⑫/⑦⑩C. ①⑫/②④/③⑪/⑤⑨/⑥⑦/⑧⑩D. ①③⑪/②④/⑤⑨/⑥⑦⑫/⑧⑩6.下列各项中对《红楼梦》作品故事情节的表述,正确的一项是()A. 甄士隐的女儿英莲在元宵看社火灯花时走失。
三月十五葫芦庙着火把隔壁的甄家烧成一片瓦砾。
甄家从此渐渐走向破败。
疯跛道人吟唱了《好了歌》,甄士隐听后便彻悟,并为《好了歌》作解注。
B. “听了宝玉这番话,心中虽然有万句言语,只是不能说得,半日,方抽抽噎噎的说道:‘你从此可都改了罢!’”这是宝玉挨打后,被抬回怡红院后,恍惚听到悲泣之声,看是宝钗,又心疼她暑天跑来看他。
福建省一级达标校2022-学年高一语文下学期期末质检试题(扫描版)
龙岩市一级达标校2021-2021~2021学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查语文试题参考答案一、现代文阅读〔一〕论述类文本阅读1.〔3分〕C 〔A项以偏概全,“与中国互联网开展同步〞错,原文为“几乎与中国互联网开展同步〞。
B项张冠李戴,“互联网〞错,原文为“恰逢中国互联网……〞;“第二代网红的社会关注度暴增〞错,原文为“?咬文嚼字?2021年年度十大流行语排名中……次年,网红社会关注度、产业化程度集中爆发〞,而非“第二代网红〞时期。
D项指代有误,“网红群体……助推了互联网文化开展,营造了健康社会风气〞错,原文为“多一些这样的网红群体〞,即“具备丰富的知识、出众的才华……〞的网红群体。
〕2.〔3分〕A 〔A项无中生有。
“阐释了‘网红’的概念〞错,文章首段并没有对“网红〞的概念进行阐释。
〕3.〔3分〕B 〔B项不合逻辑。
“只要……就……〞错,原文为“网红要‘长红’,必须有鲜明突出的自身定位……才能获得稳定、持续的粉丝吸引力……〞〕〔二〕文学类文本阅读4.〔3分〕D 〔D项主要原因是老秤匠在发现儿子制作“吃客秤〞一事后,决定让儿子出去闯一闯,让他领悟“人有良心、秤有准星〞的道理。
〕5.〔6分〕①老秤匠与小秤匠的比照。
在制作“吃客秤〞一事上,老秤匠与小秤匠的态度截然不同,突出老秤匠的诚信。
②老秤匠与王老板的比照。
王老板企图利用孙记良好的声誉来谋取不义之财,老秤匠发现儿子捣鼓的“猫腻〞后,将一百五十杆杆秤劈断,突出老秤匠恪守传统道德,坚持为人处世的底线。
③老秤匠制秤与砸秤的态度比照。
制秤时非常细心重视,但砸秤时毫不吝惜,突出了老秤匠坚持原那么、珍视信誉的形象。
6.〔6分〕小说最后两段不能删去。
①这两段是补叙,补充交代了夜里秤匠父子对砸秤事件的反思和所做出的行动,使故事情节更完整。
②尾秤杆上的金字“炫得儿子的双眼泪盈盈的〞与开头“炫得老孙头的眼也发出熠熠的亮光〞,首尾照应。
③写出老秤匠用心良苦、理解孩子,也展示了小秤匠知错能改,使人物形象更加真实、饱满。
2024届福建省龙岩市一级达标校数学高一第二学期期末调研试题含解析
2024届福建省龙岩市一级达标校数学高一第二学期期末调研试题注意事项1.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置. 3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符. 4.作答选择题,必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.作答非选择题,必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效.5.如需作图,须用2B 铅笔绘、写清楚,线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每个小题给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的1.已知一个三角形的三边是连续的三个自然数,且最大角是最小角的2倍,则该三角形的最小角的余弦值是( ) A .45B .34C .18D .72.过点32M (,)的圆224240x y x y ++-+=的切线方程是( ) A .2y =B .51290x y -+=或125260x y --=C .125260x y --=或2y =D .2y =或51290x y -+=3.设集合{1,2,6},{2,4},{|15}A B C x x ===∈-≤≤R ,则()A B C =A .{2}B .{1,2,4}C .{1,2,4,6}D .{|15}x x ∈-≤≤R4.以下说法正确的是( ) A .零向量与单位向量的模相等 B .模相等的向量是相等向量 C .已知,a b 均为单位向量,若12a b ⋅=,则a 与b 的夹角为60︒ D .向量AB 与向量CD 是共线向量,则,,,A B C D 四点在一条直线上 5.直线sin 20x a y ++=的倾斜角的取值范围是( )A .[0,)πB .30,,44πππ⎡⎤⎡⎫⋃⎪⎢⎥⎢⎣⎦⎣⎭C .0,4π⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D .0,,42πππ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎪⎢⎥⎣⎦⎝⎭6.已知,a b 是两条不同的直线,,,αβγ是三个不同的平面,则下列命题正确的是( ) A .若a α,a b ∥,则b α B .若a α,a β∥,则αβ∥ C .若αγ⊥,βγ⊥,则αβ⊥D .若a α⊥,b α⊥,则a b ∥7.下列函数中,既是奇函数又是增函数的为( ) A .1y x =-B .3y x =-C .1y x=-D .||y x x =8.在5张电话卡中,有3张移动卡和2张联通卡,从中任取2张,若事件“2张全是移动卡”的概率是310,那么概率是710的事件是( ) A .2张恰有一张是移动卡 B .2张至多有一张是移动卡 C .2张都不是移动卡D .2张至少有一张是移动卡9.设ABC ∆的内角A B C ,,所对的边分别为a b c ,,,且3 cos 4a C csin A =,已知ABC ∆的面积等于10,4b =,则a 的值为( ) A .233B .283C .263D .25310.若,且满足,则下列不等式成立的是( )A .B .C .D .二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题5分,共30分。
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末物理试卷
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末物理试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题4分,共32分。
每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
)1.(4分)将一束塑料包扎带一端打结,另一端撕成细条后,用手迅速捋细条,如图所示。
下列关于细条散开现象的分析中,正确的是()A.撕成细条后,由于所受重力减小,细条自然松散B.撕成细条后,由于空气浮力作用,使细条散开C.用手迅速捋细条时,由于感应起电,细条带同种电荷,相互排斥散开D.用手迅速捋细条时,由于摩擦起电,细条带同种电荷,相互排斥散开2.(4分)如图所示,圆桌桌面中间嵌着一可绕中心轴O转动的圆盘,A是圆盘边缘的一点A、ωB,线速度记为v A、v B,向心加速度记为a A、a B,周期记为T A、T B,则()A.ωA>ωB B.v A>v B C.a A<a B D.T A<T B3.(4分)如图所示,“天宫一号”绕地球运行,A、B是其椭圆形轨道上的近地点和远地点()A.在A点时的机械能等于在B点的机械能B.在A点时的线速度大小等于在B点的线速度大小C.在A点时的角速度大小等于在B点的角速度大小D.在A点时的加速度大小等于在B点的加速度大小4.(4分)飞镖运动是一项非常有趣的运动。
在一次飞镖比赛中,一位同学先后在同一位置沿水平方向投出甲、乙两飞镖,两飞镖分别落在正前方靶上的A、B两个位置。
空气阻力不计,下列说法正确的是()A.甲飞镖的运动时间比乙飞镖的长B.甲飞镖的运动时间等于乙飞镖的运动时间C.甲飞镖的初速度比乙飞镖的大D.甲飞镖的初速度等于乙飞镖的初速度5.(4分)2021年4月29日,在海南文昌卫星发射中心,长征五号B遥二运载火箭成功将空间站“天和核心舱”送入离地高约450km的预定圆轨道,预计到2022年11月正式完成中国空间站的建设。
设“天和核心舱”的发射速度为v0,“天和核心舱”在预定圆轨道的运行速度为v1,关于这两个速度大小的说法正确的是()A.v0>7.9km/s,v1>7.9km/sB.v0>7.9km/s,v1<7.9km/sC.v0<7.9km/s,v1<7.9km/sD.v0<7.9km/s,v1>7.9km/s6.(4分)体操运动员做“单臂大回环”时,用一只手抓住单杠,伸展身体,如图所示,此过程中()A.50N B.500N C.2500N D.5000N7.(4分)如图所示,实线为未标明方向的电场线,虚线为一带正电粒子仅在电场力作用下通过该区域时的运动轨迹()A.F点的电场强度为零B.E点的电场强度比F点大C.E点的电场强度方向沿N指向M方向D.带电粒子在E点受到的电场力方向沿M指向N方向8.(4分)无人机从地面起飞上升,向前追踪拍摄运动会入场式表演,飞行过程中无人机水平方向的速度v x和竖直方向的速度v y与飞行时间t的关系图线如图所示。
福建省龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021学年高一下学期期末质检数学试题
福建省龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021学年高一下学期期末质检数学试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题1.下列命题正确的是( )A .若a b >,则ac bc >B .若a b >,c d >,则ac bd >C .若0ab >,a b >,则11a b <D .若a b >,c d >,则a b c d > 2.在△ABC 中,已知b c =,sin 3sin AB ,则A 等于( ) A .π6 B .π4C .π3D .2π3 3.记n S 为等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和,若113a =,246a a =,则3S =( ) A .1327 B .113 C .4 D .1334.在梯形ABCD 中,4AB DC =,则BC 等于( )A .1344AB AD -+ B .34AB AD -+C .34AB AD - D .3544AB AD -+5.如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,底面ABCD 为正方形,1AA AB=面直线1BC 与1D C 所成角的余弦值为( )A .12B .35C .34D .2 6.若一个几何体的三视图如图所示,其俯视图为正三角形,则这个三棱柱的体积为( )A .B .C .D .7.设m ,n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,下列命题中正确的是( )A .若m n ⊥,//n α,则m α⊥B .若//m β,βα⊥,则m α⊥C .若m α⊥,m n ⊥,则//n αD .若m β⊥,n β⊥,n α⊥,则m α⊥ 8.两个正实数a ,b 满足3a ,12,b 成等差数列,则不等式2134m m a b+≥+恒成立时实数m 的取值范围是( ) A .[]4,3- B .[]2,6- C .[]6,2- D .[]3,4- 9.在平面直角坐标系中,向量()1,0n =,将向量n 绕原点O 按逆时针方向旋转3π后得到向量m ,若向量a 满足1a m n --=,则a 的最大值是( )A 1B 1CD 1 10.四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 为正方形,平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD ,PAB △是边长为 )A .36πB .28πC .24πD .12π二、多选题11.等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,1385a a S +=,则下列结论一定正确的是( ) A .100a =B .当9n =或10时,n S 取最大值C .911a a <D .613S S = 12.如图,ABC 的内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c .若a b =,且)cos cos 2sin a C c A b B +=,D 是ABC 外一点,1DC =,3DA =,则下列说法正确的是( )A .ABC 是等边三角形B .若AC =A ,B ,C ,D 四点共圆C .四边形ABCD 3D .四边形ABCD 3-三、填空题13.若向量()1,2a =-,(),1b m m =-+,且a b ⊥,则实数m 的值为______. 14.如图,研究性学习小组的同学为了估测古塔CD 的高度,在塔底D 和A ,B (与塔底D 同一水平面)处进行测量,在点A ,B 处测得塔顶C 的仰角分别为45︒和30,且A ,B 两点相距,150ADB ∠=︒,则古塔CD 的高度为______m .15.锐角ABC 的内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,且()12cos c a B =+,则b a的取值范围是______.四、双空题16.两千多年前,古希腊毕达哥拉斯学派的数学家曾经在沙滩上研究数学问题,他们在沙滩上画点或用小石子来表示数,按照点或小石子能排列的形状对数进行分类,如图中的实心点个数1,5,12,22,…,被称为五角形数,其中第1个五角形数记作11a =,第2个五角形数记作25a =,第3个五角形数记作312a =,第4个五角形数记作422a =,…,若按此规律继续下去,得到数列{}n a ,则5a =___________;对*n N ∈,n a =______.五、解答题17.如图,在四棱锥P ABCD -中,底面ABCD 为菱形,PC ⊥平面ABCD ,E 为PD 的中点.(1)证明://PB 平面AEC ;(2)证明:平面PBD ⊥平面PAC .18.ABC 的内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若2C π≠,且4sin cos sin B C CA CB A⋅⋅=. (1)求a 的值;(2)若角B ,A ,C 成等差数列,求ABC 周长的最大值.19.已知关于x 的不等式2430ax x -+<的解集为{}|1x x b <<.(1)求a ,b 的值;(2)求关于x 的不等式()20ax ac b x bc +--<的解集. 20.某制造商为拓展业务,计划引进一设备生产一种新型体育器材.通过市场分析,每月需投入固定成本3000元,生产x 台需另投入成本()C x 元,且210400,030()100008049000,30x x x C x x x x ⎧+<<⎪=⎨+-≥⎪⎩,若每台售价800元,且当月生产的体育器材该月内能全部售完.(1)求制造商由该设备所获的月利润()L x 关于月产量x 台的函数关系式;(利润=销售额-成本)(2)当月产量为多少台时,制造商由该设备所获的月利润最大?并求出最大月利润. 21.如图,在三棱锥P ABC -中,平面PAC ⊥平面ABC ,侧面PAC 为等边三角形,90ABC ∠=︒,AB BC =,4AC =.(1)证明:PB AC ⊥;(2)若M ,N 是线段AC 上的动点,且30MBN =︒∠,设ABM α∠=,求三棱锥P MBN -体积关于α的函数表达式并求体积取最小值时α的值.22.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为()2*4n S n n n N =+∈.(1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;(2)令3n n n a b =,求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T ; (3)若数列{}n c 满足1n n n c c a ++=,且不等式220n c n +≥对任意的*n N ∈都成立,求1c 的取值范围.参考答案1.C【分析】根据每个选项的条件取特殊值或利用不等式的基本性质判断即可.【详解】对A .取0c ,则ac bc >不成立,故A 错误;对B .当0a b >>,0d c <<时,ac bd >不成立,故B 错误; 对C .0ab >,a b >,∴11ab ab ab >,∴11b a >,故C 正确; 对D .根据a b >,cd >,取0c,则a b c d>不成立,故C 错误. 故选:C .【点睛】 本题考查不等式的基本性质,属基础题.2.D 【分析】 由正弦定理可得3ab ,利用余弦定理表示出cos A ,即可求出角A . 【详解】由正弦定理可得sin A B a =⇔=, 由余弦定理可得:222cos 2b c a A bc+-= , b c =,3a b ,∴222231cos 22b b A b -==-, 又在ABC ∆中,(0,)A π∈,∴23A π=, 故答案选D .【点睛】本题考查利用正弦定理进行边角互化以及余弦定理的简单应用,属于基础题.3.D【分析】根据246a a =求出公比,再把首项和公比代入等比数列求和公式即可.【详解】设等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ,则0q ≠,由113a =, 得33413q a a q ==,55613q a a q ==, 因为246a a =,所以23533q q ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,整理得5(3)0q q -=,由0q ≠得3q =, 所以313(1)1313a q S q -==-. 故选:D.【点睛】本题主要考查等比数列的通项公式与等比数列求和公式.4.B【分析】利用平面向量的加法法则可得出BC BA AD DC =++,由此可得出BC 关于AB 、AD 的表达式.【详解】如下图所示:1344BC BA AD DC AB AD AB AB AD =++=-++=-+. 故选:B.【点睛】 本题考查利用基底表示平面向量,考查计算能力,属于基础题.5.C【分析】连结1A B ,11A C ,由11//A B D C ,得到11A BC ∠是异面直线1BC 与1D C 所成角,然后利用余弦定理能求出异面直线1BC 与1D C 所成角的余弦值.【详解】解:在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,底面ABCD 为正方形,1AA AB=连结1A B ,11A C ,则11//A B D C ,112BC A B ==,11A C ==11A BC ∴∠异面直线1BC 与1D C 所成角,114423cos 2224A BC +-∠==⨯⨯. 则异面直线1BC 与1D C 所成角的余弦值为34. 故选:C .【点睛】本题考查异面直线所成角的余弦值的求法,考查空间中线线、线面的关系、余弦定理等基础知识,考查运算求解能力,是基础题.6.D【分析】首先根据题中所给的几何体的三视图,可以判断其为正三棱柱,根据数据求得底面边长和棱柱的高,利用柱体体积公式求得结果.【详解】由三视图可知这个几何体为正三棱柱,底面正三角形的高为(2222a a ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭, 解得底面正三角形的边长为6a =,正三棱柱的高为4,所以所求几何体的体积为264V Sh ==⨯=故选:D.【点睛】该题考查的是有关几何体的问题,涉及到的知识点有几何体的三视图,根据三视图求几何体的体积,属于基础题目.7.D【分析】根据空间中直线与平面、平面与平面位置关系相关定理依次判断各个选项可得结果.【详解】对于A ,当m 为α内与n 垂直的直线时,不满足m α⊥,A 错误;对于B ,设l αβ=,则当m 为α内与l 平行的直线时,//m β,但m α⊂,B 错误; 对于C ,还有一种可能就是n ⊂α,C 错误.对于D ,由m β⊥,n β⊥知://m n ,又n α⊥,m α∴⊥,D 正确;故选:D .【点睛】本题考查立体几何中线面关系、面面关系有关命题的辨析,考查学生对于平行与垂直相关定理的掌握情况,属于基础题.8.C【分析】由题意利用等差数列的定义和性质求得13a b =+,再利用基本不等式求得112ab ,根据题意,2412m m +,由此求得m 的范围.【详解】 解:两个正实数a ,b 满足3a ,12,b 成等差数列, 13a b ∴=+,123ab ∴,112ab ∴,∴112ab . ∴不等式2134m m a b ++恒成立,即234a b m m ab ++恒成立, 即214m m ab+恒成立. 2412m m ∴+,求得62m -,故选:C .【点睛】本题主要考查等差数列的定义和性质,不等式的恒成立问题,基本不等式的应用,属于基础题.9.A【分析】先算出1,22m ⎛= ⎝⎭,设(),a x y =,由1a m n --=确定(),x y 的轨迹,则a 的最大值可求.【详解】解:显然12m ⎛= ⎝⎭,设(),a x y =,3,2a m n x y ⎛--=-- ⎝⎭, 由1a m n --=,所以223+=122x y ⎛⎫⎛⎫-- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,表示以32⎛ ⎝⎭为圆心,半径为1的圆, 2=a x y +表示(),x y 到()0,0的距离,所以a 的最大值是. 故选:A【点睛】考查向量的运算以及向量模的几何意义,基础题.10.B【分析】由平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD ,可推得以12,EO EO 为邻边的矩形的另一顶点设为O 是四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心,利用勾股定理求出球的半径,代入球的表面积公式可得答案.【详解】连,AC BD 交于1O ,设AB 中点E ,连PE ,则PE ⊥面ABCD ,设2O 是PAB △的中心,且213EO PE =,则以12,EO EO 为邻边的矩形的另一顶点设为O ,则O 是四棱锥P ABCD -外接球的球心PAB △边长为3,PE ∴=21O E ∴=,1O E =2OE ∴=,∴设外接球半径为R则R OB ====2428S R ππ∴==球表故选:B【点睛】本题考查四棱锥外接球的半径与棱长的关系,球的表面积公式的应用,属于中档题.11.AD【分析】由1385a a S +=求出100a =,即19a d =-,由此表示出9a 、11a 、6S 、13S ,可判断C 、D 两选项;当0d >时,10a <,n S 有最小值,故B 错误.【详解】解:1385a a S +=,111110875108,90,02d a a d a a d a ⨯++=++==,故正确A. 由190a d +=,当0d >时,10a <,n S 有最小值,故B 错误.9101110,a a d d a a d d =-==+=,所以911a a =,故C 错误.61656+5415392d S a d d d ⨯==-+=-, 131131213+11778392d S a d d d ⨯==-+=-,故D 正确. 故选:AD【点睛】考查等差数列的有关量的计算以及性质,基础题.12.AC【分析】利用三角函数恒等变换化简已知等式可求sin B ,再利用a b =,可知ABC 为等边三角形,从而判断A ;利用四点A ,B ,C ,D 共圆,四边形对角互补,从而判断B ;设AC x =,0x >,在ADC 中,由余弦定理可得2106cos x D =-,利用三角形的面积公式,三角函数恒等变换的,可求ABCD S 四边形,利用正弦函数的性质,求出最值,判断CD .【详解】由正弦定理2sin ,2sin ,2sin a R A b R B c R C ===,(sin cos sin cos )2sin sin A C C A B B +=⋅,2sin ,sin 2B B =∴=, a b =,B 是等腰ABC 的底角,(0,)2B π∴∈,,3B ABC π∴=∴△是等边三角形,A 正确;B 不正确:若,,,A BCD 四点共圆,则四边形对角互补,由A 正确知21,cos 32D D π∠==-,但由于1,3,DC DA AC ===2222221311cos 221332DC DA AC D DA DC +-+-===-≠-⋅⋅⨯⨯, ∴B 不正确.C 正确,D 不正确:设D θ∠=,则2222cos 106cos AC DC DA DC DA θθ=+-⋅⋅=-,(106cos )cos 422ABC S θθ∴=⋅-=-△, 3sin 2ADC S θ=△,3sin cos 222ABC ADC ABCD S S S θθ∴=+=-+四边形13(sin cos 2θθ=⋅-+,3sin()3πθ=-+(0,),sin()(3πθπθ∈∴-∈,32ABCD S <≤+四边形,∴C 正确,D 不正确; 故选:AC..【点睛】本题主要考查正弦定理,余弦定理,三角函数恒等变换,正弦函数的图象和性质在解三角形中的综合应用,考查计算能力和转化思想,属于中档题.13.23【分析】根据a b ⊥即可得出0a b =,进行向量坐标的数量积运算即可求出m 的值.【详解】 解:a b ⊥,∴2(1)0a b m m =-+-+=,解得23m =. 故答案为:23. 【点睛】 本题考查向量垂直的充要条件,向量坐标的数量积运算,考查计算能力,属于基础题. 14.12【分析】设CD h =,用h 表示出,AD BD ,在ABD △中,由余弦定理列方程求出h .【详解】由题意知:CD ⊥平面,45,30,150,,ABD DAC DBC ADB AB ∠=︒∠=︒∠=︒=设CD h =,则,AD CD h BD ====,在ABD △中,由余弦定理得:2222cos AB AD BD AD BD ADB =+-⋅⋅∠即(222233h h h =++,解得12h m =故答案为:12【点睛】此题考查了余弦定理,以及特殊角的三角函数值,熟练掌握余弦定理是解本题的关键,属于中档题.15.【分析】利用正弦定理和两角和的正弦公式得出角A ,B 的关系,由ABC 为锐角三角形得到角A 的范围,进而利用二倍角公式得出b a的取值范围. 【详解】由已知sin sin()sin (12cos )C A B A B =+=+sin cos cos sin sin 2sin cos A B A B A A B ∴+=+得sin()sin B A A -=B A A ∴-=,即2B A = ABC 为锐角三角形 2,322B A C A B A ππππ∴=<=--=-<,cos 64A A ππ∴<<∴∈ sin 2sin cos2cos sin sin b B A A A a A A∴===∈故答案为:【点睛】本题考查正弦定理的应用,考查两角和与差的正弦公式,考查二倍角公式,属于中档题.16.35 232n n n a -= 【分析】仔细观察法各个图形中实心点的个数,找到个数之间的通项公式,再求第5个五角星的中实心点的个数.【详解】解:第一个有1个实心点,第二个有11315+⨯+=个实心点,第三个有113123112+⨯++⨯+=个实心点,第四个有113123133122+⨯++⨯++⨯+=个实心点,⋯第n 个有23(1)311312313313(1)122n n n n n n --+⨯++⨯++⨯++⋯+-+=+=个实心点,即232n n n a -=. 故当5n =时,253352n n a -==个实心点. 故答案为:35,232n n -. 【点睛】本题考查了图形的变化类问题,解题的关键是仔细观察每个图形并从中找到通项公式. 17.(1)证明见解析;(2)证明见解析.【分析】(1)设BD 与AC 的交点为O ,连接EO ,要证明//PB 平面AEC ,只需要证明//EO PB ; (2)要证明平面PBD ⊥平面PAC ,只需要证明BD ⊥平面PAC ,将证明面面垂直转化为证明线面垂直;【详解】(1)设BD 与AC 的交点为O ,连接EO .底面ABCD 为菱形,O ∴为BD 的中点.又E 为PD 的中点,//EO PB ∴.又EO ⊂平面AEC ,PB ⊄平面AEC ,//PB ∴平面AEC .(2)底面ABCD 为菱形,BD AC ∴⊥, 又PC ⊥平面ABCD ,PC BD ∴⊥, 又PC AC C =,BD ∴⊥平面PAC ,又BD ⊂平面PBD ,∴平面PBD ⊥平面PAC .【点睛】本题考查线面平行、面面垂直的证明,考查空间线面、面面间的位置关系判定定理、性质定理等知识,是中档题,解题中需要能熟练应用判定、性质定理.18.(1)2;(2)6.【分析】(1)由向量数量积的定义及正弦定理易求a 的值.(2)先求出3A π=,由余弦定理以及基本不等式易求ABC 周长的最大值.【详解】解;(1)由已知及正弦定理得,4cos cos b C b a C a ⋅⋅⋅=, 又2C π≠,即cos 0C ≠,则24a =,2a ∴=.(2)+B A C π+=,角,,B A C 成等差数列,则3A π=,又2222cos a b c bc A =+-, 则22222()()3()324b c b c a b c bc b c ++=+-≥+-=⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,又2a =,故4b c +≤,+6a b c +≤,ABC 周长的最大值为6,当且仅当2b c ==时等号成立.【点睛】考查正余弦定理、向量数量积的定义以及基本不等式求最值,中档题.19.(1)13a b =⎧⎨=⎩;(2)分类讨论,答案见解析. 【分析】(1)根据题意利用根与系数的关系列方程求出a 、b 的值;(2)不等式化为2(3)30x c x c +--<,求出对应方程的解,利用分类讨论写出不等式的解集.【详解】(1)由题意知:0a >且b 和1是方程2430ax x -+=的两根, 由根与系数的关系有4131b a b a⎧=+⎪⎪⎨⎪=⨯⎪⎩, 解得13a b =⎧⎨=⎩. (2)不等式2()0ax ac b x bc +--<可化为2(3)30x c x c +--<,即(3)()0x x c -+<.其对应方程的两根为13x =,2x c =-①当3c ->即3c <-时,原不等式的解集为{|3}x x c <<-;②当3c -<即3c >-时,原不等式的解集为{|3}x c x -<<;③当3c -=即3c =-时,原不等式的解集为∅;综上所述:当3c <-时,原不等式的解集为{|3}x x c <<-;当3c >-时,原不等式的解集为{|3}x c x -<<;当3c =-时,原不等式的解集为∅;【点睛】本题考查一元二次不等式的解法与应用问题,考查运算求解能力,求解时注意进行分类讨论.20.(1)2104003000,030()100006000(4),30x x x L x x x x ⎧-+-<<⎪=⎨-+≥⎪⎩;(2)当月产量50x =时,获得增加的利润最大,且增加的最大利润为5600元.【分析】(1)分030x <<和30x ≥时两种情况,利用利润=销售额-成本列式即可;(2)利用二次函数求030x <<时的最大值,利用基本不等式求30x ≥时的最大值,取最大即可.【详解】(1)当030x <<时,22()800104003000104003000L x x x x x x =---=-+-;当30x ≥时,1000010000()800804900030006000(4)L x x x x x x =--+-=-+.2104003000,030()100006000(4),30x x x L x x x x ⎧-+-<<⎪∴=⎨-+≥⎪⎩. (2)当030x <<时,2()10(20)1000L x x =--+,∴当20x 时,max ()(20)1000L x L ==.当30x ≥时,10000()6000(4)60005600L x x x =-+≤-=,当且仅当100004x x=,即50x =时,max ()(50)56001000L x L ==>. ∴当50x =时,获得增加的利润最大,且增加的最大利润为5600元.【点睛】本题主要考查了分段函数的实际应用,涉及二次函数求最值和基本不等式求最值,属于基础题.21.(1)证明见解析;(2)423V =;当30α=︒时,三棱锥P MBN -的体积有最小值.【分析】(1)利用等边三角形的特征,结合线面平行的判定定理,得到AC ⊥平面POB ,进而证得PB AC ⊥;(2)利用三角形的面积公式和三棱锥的体积公式,求得其体积为42V .【详解】(1)证明:AC 的中点O ,连接,PO BO ,PAC 为等边三角形,O 为AC 的中点,∴PO AC ⊥,同理BO AC ⊥,又=O BO PO ,∴AC ⊥平面POB .∴PB AC⊥.(2)由(1)知PO AC ⊥ 又平面PAC ⊥平面ABC ,平面PAC平面,ABC AC PO =⊂平面PAC , ∴PO ⊥平面ABC .∴PO 是三棱锥P ABC -的高,易得PO =ABM α∠=,060α︒≤≤︒,在ABM 中,由正弦定理得()()sin 452sin 45sin 45AB BM αα︒==︒+︒+,同理()2sin 75BN α=︒+ , 故1sin 2BMN S BM BN MBN =⨯⨯⨯∠△()()1sin 45sin 4530αα︒+︒++=︒=⎣⎦444==∴三棱锥P MBN-的体积424213V = 060α︒≤≤︒,30230150α︒︒≤+≤︒,∴当30α=︒时,()sin 230α+︒的最大值为1,此时三棱锥P MBN -842=-, ∴当30α=︒时,三棱锥P MBN -的体积有最小值.【点睛】该题考查的是有关立体几何的问题,涉及到的知识点有由线面垂直证明线线垂直,棱锥的体积最值的求解,属于简单题目.22.(1)23n a n =+;(2)3=33n n T n +-;(3)[]2,13-. 【分析】(1)直接利用递推关系式的应用求出数列的通项公式.(2)利用(1)的应用,利用乘公比错位相减法的应用求出数列的和.(3)利用分类讨论思想的应用和恒成立问题的应用,求出1c 的取值范围.【详解】解:(1)数列{}n a 的前n 项和为24n S n n =+①,当2n 时,21(1)4(1)n S n n -=-+-②,①-②得23n a n =+.当1n =时,15a =(首项符合通项),所以23n a n =+.(2)因为2333n nn n a n b +==, 则25723333n n n T +=++⋯+③, 231157233333n n n T ++=++⋯+④, ③-④得2312522223333333n n n n T ++=+++⋯+-, 整理得333n n n T +=-. (3)由(1)知,当2n 时,12(1)3n n c c n -+=-+,又123n n c c n ++=+,两式相减得112n n c c +--=,所以数列2{}n c 是以2c 为首项,公差为2的等差数列,数列21{}n c -是以1c 为首项,公差为2的等差数列.125c c +=,所以215c c =-,当n 为偶数时,212(1)32n nc c n c =+⨯-=+-;当n 为奇数时,1112(1)12n n c c n c +=+⨯-=-+. 所以()()1113n n c n c n c n ⎧-+⎪=⎨+-⎪⎩为奇数为偶数. 因为对任意的n N +∈都有220n c n +成立, 当n 为奇数时,2212120n c n n c n+=-++恒成立, 所以2121c n n -+-在n 为奇数时恒成立,所以12c -,即12c -;同理当n 为偶数时,2212320n c n n c n +=+++恒成立,2123c n n ++在n 为偶数时恒成立,所以113c .综上所述,1c 的取值范围是[2-,13].【点睛】本题考查的知识要点:数列的通项公式,乘公比错位相减法的求和,恒成立的问题,主要考查学生的运算能力和转换能力及思维能力,属于中档题型.。
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)
2020-2021学年福建省龙岩市高一(下)期末英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)ATHEATRE City VarietiesThe Headrow,Leeds.Tel.4308089Oct 10-11 only.A Night at the Varieties.All the fun of an old music hall with BarryCryer,Duggle Brown,6 dancers,Mystina,Jon Barker,Anne Dural and the Tony Harrison Trio;Laugh again at the old jokes and listen to your favourite songs.Performances:8 pm nightly.Admission:£5;under 16 or over 60:£4.York Theatre RoyalSt Leonard's Place,York.Tel.223568Sept 23-Oct 17.Groping for Words—a comedy by Sue Townsend.Best known for her Adrian Mole Diaries,Townsend now writes about an evening class,which two men and a woman attend.A gentle comedy.Admission:First night,Mon:£2;Tues-Fri:£3.25-5.50;Sat:£3.50-5.75.Halifax PlayhouseKing's Cross Street,Halifax.Tel.365998Oct 10-17.On Golden Pond by Ernest Thompson.This is a magical comedy about real people.A beautifully produced,well-acted play for everyone.Don't miss it.Performances:7:30 pm.Admission:£2.Mon:£2 seats for the price of one.Grand TheatreOxford Street,Leeds.Tel.502116Restaurant and Cafe.Oct 1-17.The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole,Aged 13.Sue Townsend's musical play,based on her best-selling book.Performances:Evenings 7:45.October 10-17,at 2:30 pm.No Monday performances. Admission:Tues-Thurs:£2-5;Fri& Sat:£2-6.1.Which theatre offers the cheapest seat?______A. City Varieties.B. York Theatre Royal.C. Halifax Playhouse.D. Grand Theatre.2.If you want to see a play with old jokes and songs,which phone number will you ring tobook a seat?______A. 430808.B. 223568.C. 365998.D. 502116.3.We may learn from the text that Sue Townsend is ______ .A. a directorB. an actressC. a musicianD. a writerBPaul Simon,the famous American folk singer sang that "every generation throws a hero up the pop charts".The same is true in sports.Every generation finds an athlete who has the qualities we all wish we had:devotion,excellent athletic ability and grace under pressure.Giannis Antetokounmpo,who just won a second straight NBA MVP,has all that and more.Now he still plays for an NBA basketball team,the Milwaukee Bucks,and he is a famous forward in NBA.His teammates like him very much because he is good at teaming up with them in every game.Antetokounmpo was born in Athens,Greece on December 6,1994.He is the son of immigrants from Nigeria.Three years earlier,his parents had moved from Lagos,leaving behind their firstborn son with his grandparents.Although Antetokounmpo and three of his four brothers were born in Greece,they didn't automatically(自动地)receive full Greek citizenship according to the Greek nationality law.For the first 18 years of his life,Antetokounmpo was effectively stateless,having no papers from Nigeria or Greece.After gaining Greek citizenship in 2013,his family changed their surname from Adetokunbo to Antetokounmpo to more closely follow Greek spelling rule.Antetokounmpo grew up in the Athens neighborhood of Sepolia.His parents,as immigrants,couldn't easily find work,so Antetokounmpo and his older brother helped by selling watches,handbags and sunglasses in the streets from place to place.In 2007,Antetokounmpo started playing basketball.When he was 18,Antetokounmpo stood out from the hundreds of thousands of immigrants trying to survive in Greece.He was born here.He could speak Greek fluently.He completed Greek schooling.He became a Greek citizen."From the time I started in basketball,my dream was to be a big star,to have a big future in basketball." he said.4.Why does the author mention Paul Simon in Paragraph 1?______A. To praise the folk singer.B. To introduce the topic.C. To give a typical example.D. To draw the readers' attention.5.What do we know about Antetokounmpo?______A. He has won MVP award twice so far.B. He is the firstborn son in his family.C. He got Nigeria citizenship at age 18.D. He was a born basketball player.6.Which of the following best describes Antetokounmpo as a player?______A. Brave.B. Caring.C. Cooperative.D. Hardworking.7.Where is this text most likely from?______A. A brochure.B. A guidebook.C. A journal.D. A magazine.CSweden and its Nordic neighbors have some of the highest literacy(读写能力)rates in the world.The Swedes view equal access to education and knowledge as important to an individual's future success.This is true regardless of economic background or geographic location.Sweden has a floating library—the bokbaten—that brings thousands of books to people on dozens of distant islands in the Stockholm archipelago(群岛)twice a year.Every spring and fall since 1953,the Stockholm Library Service has rented a boat for a week,loaded it full of books,and set a course for about 23 islands.When the boat arrives,residents climb aboard to return books they borrowed during the last visit and check out the library's newest offerings.The boat carries about 3000 books,and residents can put in requests ahead of time.The three or four volunteer librarians who take turns working on the ship say that,as you might expect,the latest bestsellers are in high demand.There are tall wooden shelves,large tables displaying solid hardcovers,book carts on wheels,a long checkout table,and event notices taped to the wall.There are picture books for children,popular novels,large-print books,texts about history and science and cookbooks.Since island residents can order copies in advance,boxes of books are piled around the boat waiting to be delivered.The boat started as a service for fishermen and island workers and even residents who prefer to read hard copies of books rather than e-books or audio(有声)books.But even in a nation of book lovers,the future of the floating library remains uncertain.If the Regional Library cuts funding for the boat,the bokbaten will be no more.Hopefully,Sweden's bokbaten will continue to operate as a wonderful nod to past traditions while educating people for the future.8.What can we infer from the first paragraph?______A. People in Sweden are equal in education.B. Sweden's economic success depends on education.C. Sweden attaches great importance to education.D. The Swedish are the most highly educated in the world.9.What do we know about the bokbaten from Paragraph 2?______A. It brings books to islanders.B. It works all the year around.C. Seven volunteers run it aboard by turns.D. People could read bestsellers for free in it.10.What problem may the bokbaten be facing?______A. Bad weather.B. A lack of money.C. Books being stolen.D. People poorly educated.11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?______A. Sweden—a country of reading loversB. The bokbaten—a floating libraryC. The feature of Sweden's educationD. The history of Sweden's bokbatenDTech giants Apple and Google are teaming up to create a system that would let smartphone users know when they've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.The technology would rely on the Bluetooth signals that smartphones can both send out and receive.If a person tests positive for COVID-19,they could inform public health authorities through an app.Those public health apps would then warn anyone whose smartphones had come near the infected person's phone within 14 days.The technology could be used on both Google Android phones and Apple iPhones.The companies insist that they will preserve smartphone users' privacy.Smartphone users mustchoose to use it independently.The software will not collect data on users' physical locations or their personally identifiable information.People who test positive would remain anonymous (匿名的),both to the people who came in contact with them and to Apple and Google. The American Civil Liberties Union(ACLU)has warned that using cellphone data to address the pandemic(流行病)may carry risks of "invasions of privacy,abuse of information,and stigmatization(污名化)".An adviser from ACLU,Jennifer Granick said that the joint Apple and Google project "appears to mitigate the worst privacy and concentration risks,but there is still room for improvement." She added that contact tracking apps should be "voluntary and used only for public health purposes and only for the period of this pandemic."Google and Apple say their technology will be used only by public health authorities to track the spread of COVID-19.A team at MIT also has been working on a contact-tracking system that similarly uses Bluetooth signals to identify when people have come near each other.Apple and Google are carrying out their contact-tracking technology in two steps.Inmid-May,they will release(发布)software that will let public health authorities build apps that exchange information via Bluetooth.In the coming months,they will update their operating systems so phones can share information without having to install an app.12.What can we learn from the text?______A. The system knows when a person has COVID-19.B. The technology can be used in any type of phone.C. The companies promise to ensure the users' privacy.D. Using smartphone data will definitely bring risks to users.13.What does the underlined word "mitigate" in Paragraph 5 refer to?______A. Solve.B. Reduce.C. Increase.D. Take.14.Which word best describes the author's attitude to contact tracking app?______A. Doubtful.B. UnconcernedC. Caring.D. Objective.15.What's the author's purpose of writing this text?______A. To inform the readers of a new technology.B. To recommend the readers to use a new app.C. To warn the users of the risks of the software.D. To praise Tech giants for their contribution.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)As we all know,exercise provides a wealth of benefits.It makes you stronger more flexible,more energetic,and increases your physical strength.(1)______ By using your mind in fun,new ways,you can improve your memory well into old age and dramatically reduce your risk of Alzheimer's disease(老年痴呆症).Studies show that learning new things benefits your brain greatly.Experts divide leisure(休闲的)activities into three types.First,there's the physical activity that keeps your body in good working order—activities like walking,biking,gardening,and weight training.Second,passive activities include watching TV,socializing,watching movies,and listening to music.(2)______ These intellectual activities include reading,writing,creating artwork,woodworking and puzzle-solving.It's the amount of intellectual activity you do over the course of your life that matters.Studies have shown that people who are less mentally active in their younger years,between ages twenty and sixty,are four times more likely to develop Alzheimer's.(3)______(4)______ Studies have shown that fruits and vegetables high in C or E vitamins can help keep an aging brain in good shape.Foods that are high in B vitamins can also help keep the mind sharp.(5)______A.So most of us like doing exercise.B.You can also eat your way to a healthy brain.C.Passive activities are obviously bad for your brain.D.In the same way,regular exercise can strengthen your brain,too!E.In other words,you're never too young to give your mind a workout.F.These foods include beans,fish,lean meat,dairy,grains,and dark leafy greens.G.However,it's the activities in the third group that really increase your brain's juices.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)Standing on the top of Mount Tai,I watched the sun rising through the clouds and taking its place in the sky.I haven't seen many(1)______ in my life,but I can feel that seeing one from the top of Mount Tai must be one of the best ways to(2)______ the beauty of nature. When I left for China more than eight weeks earlier,the(3)______ of climbing Mount Tai had not even(4)______ my mind.I was going to China to(5)______ its language,history and culture and gain a better understanding of international agricultural trade(6)______ my country and China.Now I have stayed in China for a few weeks.In Beijing,my group have(7)______ friendship with many of the Chinese students.Through our broken Chinese and their(8)______ English,we are still able to teach each other about our respective cultures.We(9)______ that we are all just students working towards the same(10)______ of having careers,families and lives and trying to make the world better.Cultural differences seem(11)______ —even the language almost completely(12)______ from our own.But their daily lives are similar to our own routines.Families work to(13)______ themselves and live comfortably.Farmers struggle to provide(14)______ food.and businesses(15)______ to find new ways to create better products.Besides,people worry about the same things we do here.They are(16)______ food safety,pay close attention to the government and feel the effects of the economic markets. This(17)______ makes me realize how many cultures my country has(18)______ with other countries around the world.More importantly it makes me have a(an)(19)______ for travel,and I am looking forward to having more(20)______ for cross-cultural communication and learning.21. A. clouds B. sunrises C. mountains D. tops22. A. describe B. approach C. imagine D. experience23. A. thought B. aim C. case D. origin24. A. led to B. occurred to C. turned to D. belonged to25. A. discover B. study C. teach D. update26. A. to B. with C. between D. from27. A. developed B. desired C. kept D. showed28. A. spoken B. excellent C. poor D. fluent29. A. assume B. announce C. realize D. regard30. A. chance B. reason C. function D. goal31. A. exciting B. striking C. effective D. unique32. A. differs B. escapes C. grows D. tells33. A. challenge B. inspire C. reflect D. feed34. A. healthy B. preserved C. packaged D. convenient35. A. determine B. prefer C. attempt D. claim36. A. addicted to B. confused aboutC. attracted toD. concerned about37. A. period B. activity C. climbing D. journey38. A. in touch B. in common C. compared D. discussed39. A. thirst B. giftC. accountD. responsibility40. A. freedom B. attention C. opportunities D. arrangements四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)41.Red tourism,which refers to visiting historical sites with a modern revolutionary legacy(遗产),has become the top(1)______ (choose)of many Chinese tourists this year.According to a report recently(2)______ (publish)by online travel booking platform Ctrip,during the just-concluded May Day holiday,online searches for "red tourism"increased(3)______ (sharp).In Longyan city of East China's Fujian province,the former site of the Gutian Meeting,(4)______ significant event in the history of the CPC and the army,witnessed the largest number of visitors during the holiday."I(5)______ (learn)the revolution stories that happened in Jinggangshan since childhood,(6)______ coming here is like dream come true," said Zhang Lianqiu,a visitor from Jilin.A recent report on red tourism during the Tomb-sweeping Day holiday(7)______ earlyApril and the May Day holiday indicated a general trend of an(8)______ (increase)number of younger individuals among the tourists."Red tourism is no longer just about visiting historical sites and museums.Instead,itincludes different kinds of tourist products,(9)______ (attract)more young visitors from all over the country." said Xu Yongde,(10)______ is a staffer at a tourist draw in Southwest China's Guizhou province.五、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)42.阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
高一下期期末考试英语试题
【全国市级联考】福建省龙岩市2020-2021学年高一下期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、阅读选择National Coal Mining MuseumWacky Wednesdays—the perfect way to entertain the kids under 5!Each week during term-time from 10:15-l1:00 we combine storytelling, singing and craft (工艺)activities—the perfect opportunity to drop in and have a good time with your under-5s.Designed for children from 9 months.Doors open early at 9:30, so come and enjoy a coffee, juice and cake before the event starts!Sign in from 10 for a 10:15 start.1. is a drop-in, donation(捐赠)only event.Only 20 children are expected to take part in the event (we prepare crafts for 20). This makes it enjoyable for all. On very few occasions when too many kids want to join in there are always plenty of other things to do at the Museum.Why not make a day of it?▲Stay for lunch in our family-friendly cafe▲Explore the Nature Trail▲Discover our indoor soft play area for under-5s▲Play in the wonderful NEW Adventure Playground▲Visit the small horses and our Clydesdale Finn▲Download the iSPY Explore App and explore the Museum togetherEach event starts at 10:15 and finishes at 11:00.2017Sept 13th-Oct 18th Nov 1st-Dec 6thWacky Wednesday Christmas Special 13th Dec (Payment & Booking Required)2018Jan 10th-Feb 14th Feb 28th-Mar 28thApr 18th-May 23rd Jun 6th-July 18thFree entry, but we welcome donations to cover the cost of materials.1.At what time will the event begin?A.9:30. B.10:00.C.10:15. D.11:00.2.What do we know about the activities?A.More kids make the activities more enjoyable.B.Craft activities are prepared for kids to take part in.C.Kids either make a donation or pay for the activities.D.Kids under 1 year are unfit to take part in the activities.3.What are visitors required to do for Wacky Wednesday Christmas Special?A.Bring materials. B.Stay for lunch.C.Prepare Christmas presents. D.Book in advance.Like many children, young Lotte Reiniger was crazy about movies, which at the time were a completely new invention. She taught herself how to cut paper silhouettes(剪影), of people, animals, and objects. I could cut silhouettes almost as soon as I could manage to hold a pair of scissors,” Reiniger said. “I could paint, too, and read...But everybody was surprised at the scissor cuts”At first, Reiniger wanted to be an actress, but her skill at making silhouettes drew the attention of the German film industry. Before 1927, films were silent. To help the audience understand the film, title cards with printed text appeared during the film between scenes. Reiniger helped create title cards for films, using her silhouettes. In 1918, she was asked to provide stop-motion animation(定格动面), in which objects are photographed(拍摄)in a series of slightly different positions and then replayed at high speed so that the objects appear to move on their own, for wooden rats(老鼠)in the movie The Pied Piper of Hamelin. It was a breakthrough that led to her own films, first short films and then, in 1926, The Adventures of Prince Achmed, the first full-length animated film.Although Reiniger once described herself as “a primitive(原始的)caveman artist”, her work is not simple. She carefully cut bits of card, paper, and wire, creating wonderful shapes, and then made them move and dance by hand. The black shapes were then placed on colorful backgrounds. She made more than 60 films, around 40 of which survive, all cut by her own hands. Most were based on timeless fairy tales, like Cinderella and Sleeping Beauty.Reiniger was truly a pioneer both in animation and for women in film-making. Though herlast film came out in 1980, her style is still influential and can often be seen in today’s films. 4.What do we know about Reiniger’s cuts?A.People silhouettes were her favorite.B.Painting and reading helped her cuts.C.She had a gift for cutting silhouettes.D.Movies excited her interest in silhouettes.5.What did Reiniger do to help the audience understand the silent films?A.She replayed the film between scenes.B.She cut silhouettes for title cards in films.C.She broke up long films into shorter ones.D.She made photos of the objects in the film.6.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Creating title cards for films.B.Making wooden rats for a film.C.Producing The Adventures of Prince Achmed.D.Bringing stop-motion animation into a film.7.Which of the following words can best describe Reiniger?A.Gifted and generous. B.Creative and productive.C.Honest and self-confident. D.Traditional and hard-working.Ever order a drink, and feel cheated on the pour? Before you trouble the waiter, take a closer look at the size of your glass. “People will generally think there being less in larger containers, than in smaller ones.” Says Theresa Marteau, a behavioral scientist at the University of Cambridge, in England.She and her workmates had analyzed(分析)how larger amounts—and larger plates—trick us into eating more food. And they wondered: could the same be true for alcohol?So the researchers convinced the employees at a local bar to run an experiment: every two weeks, for four months, they’d change the bars wine glasses from the standard 300 milliliter size, to either slightly larger—370 milliliters, or slightly smaller—250 milliliters. They saw how the size of the glass affected customers’ drinking habits, even though the pour, the amount of alcoholic drinks, was unchanged.It turned out that serving wine in smaller glasses had no measurable effect. But the largeglasses increased wine sales 10 percent-even after controlling for day of the week, temperature, holidays and so on. The reason? “When the wine, the same amount, is being served in a larger glass, people are probably thinking they’ve got less in there.” Which, she says, means they might drink more, believing they haven’t hit their nightly limit. Or, they might just feel less satisfied with the pour, and buy another round. The study appears in the journal BMC Public Health.Marteau says that, if later studies confirm this effect, public health officials might consider directing a certain average glass size. “Stating clearly the largest size in which wine can be sold could be a measure to reduce the overconsumption(过度消耗)of alcohol that seems to be shown by t he glass size.” Until that happens, the bar in the study now always serves its wine in the larger glasses.8.How did they do the experiment?A.By analyzing the pour.B.By changing the glasses.C.By controlling the temperature of alcohol.D.By limiting the quantity of alcohol they served.9.What did they find through the study?A.Larger containers persuaded people to drink more.B.Wine sales increased when they changed the wine glasses.C.People’s drinking habits were not affected by anything.D.More customers prefer wine served in larger glasses.10.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.There are limits to glass sizes in bars.B.Public health officials are trying to reduce the sales of wine.C.The bar continues to use larger glasses for the study.D.The study may help to control alcohol overdrinking.11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.What Affects People’s Drinking HabitsB.Drink as Much as OfferedC.The Smaller the Glasses, the Less You DrinkD.Bigger Glasses Encourage More Wine ConsumptionGaldwell’s book, Blink, is all about first impressions and what he calls “rapid cognition(认知)”. In his own words, “It’s a book about the kind of thinking that happens in a short time. When you meet someone for the first time or read the first few sentences of a book, your mind takes about two seconds to jump to a series of conclusions.”Galdwell points out that most scientific tradition is based on a great deal more than two seconds’ thought though years of scientific study can come from a qu ick observation. As for rapid cognition, Gladwell realizes some first impressions don’t seem to be based on anything. He noticed that Americans support taller candidates(候选人). In fact, since 1900, only four candidates have beaten men who are taller than themselves. With this in mind Gladwell got in touch with 500 companies in the US and found that almost all od their managers were tall. Gladwell said, “That’s weird. There is no connection between height and intelligence or height and decision-making…But for some reason companies chose tall people for leadership roles. I think that’s an example of bad rapid cognition.”As an example of good rapid cognition, he tells the story of the Emergency Room doctors at Cook County Hospital in Chicago. A few yeas ago, the hospital changed the way they diagnosed(诊断)heart attacks. Their doctors took no notice of the patient’s age, weight and medical history and gave most of their attention to a few really important pieces of information, such as blood pressure and heart rate. And what happened? Cook County is now one of the best places in the United States for diagnosing chest pain.Gladwell believes the power of first impressions should be studied further. “The first task of Blink is to show the fact: decisions made very quickly can be as good as decisions made slowly and carefully.”12.What is the book Blink about?A.The basis of rapid cognition..B.How to make quick decisions.C.The power of rapid cognition.D.Why rapid cognition is important.13.What does the underlined word “weird” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Strange. B.Important.C.Encouraging. D.Disappointing.14.Which of the following does Gladwell probably agree with?A.First impressions need more study.B.Good decisions all come from careful thinking.C.Rapid cognition can’t be used for scientific research.D.A quick observation always makes bad rapid cognition.15.What is the main purpose of the text?A.To report a study on rapid cognition.B.To support research on rapid cognition.C.To introduce a book about rapid cognition.D.To compare good and bad rapid cognition.二、七选五The first time I played basketball, I was 8 years old. I played in my community where I grew up, and there were never referees(裁判). I didn’t know the rules. 16.I always wanted to stay after the game and continue to play basketball.I grew up in a single-parent home with no father around, no brothers or sisters. 17.Sports gave me an opportunity to forget all that I had gone through during my childhood.18.One was the trust of the guys who were playing. It was passing the ball to friends and seeing their joy after making a basket. The other was competition, which is different from opposition. When I was in fifth grade, I wanted to be in the NBA.19.When I was 14, my coach would tell others that I was the best kid he had ever seen, and that I had NBA potential(潜力). From then on, I got bigger and bigger. I loved the game more and more. I had the greatest time of my life playing basketball in high school.20.There are no shortcuts(捷径). My teammates and I come from different walks of life and in different shapes and sizes, but we all put in the time. We do that for the joy of being out on the basketball court. And we’ve achieved a lot in the field.A.It’s a natu ral habit.B.But I knew I loved it.C.We always had difficulty paying our bills.D.I thought, I guess I’m doing the right thing.E.You have to dream something to make it a reality.F.I fell in love with basketball mainly for two reasons.G.In basketball, you get back what you give to the game.三、完形填空Olivia Goldfarb likes to hike. But it isn’t 21 . The sixth-grader was born with a disease affecting her 22 . The condition makes daily 23 , such as walking, difficult.Then a four-legged friend named Ally 24 her life.Olivia met Ally through the Indiana Canine Assistant Network (ICAN), a service-animal training program that places dogs into 25 relationships with people, like Olivia, who need 26 with daily activities. Now, Oliv ia has a helping “hand” wherever she goes. For balance, she holds a specially 27 tool fixed on Ally that allows the two to get around.“I used my walker before and it was 28 to go through doors. But now, Ally helps me with that,” Olivia says.O livia’s mother says, “Ally really 29 Olivia, and when we were leaving, Ally went up to Olivia and put her head on the walker as if to say, ‘I’m 30 with you.’”Service dogs like Ally are 31 to help people with disabilities. 32 it may seem harmless, distracting(分散注意力)them can actually affect their ability to 33 orders.“She is a service dog, not a 34 ,” Olivia says. “The number-one 35 is people shouldn’t pet Ally while I’m working with her.”“It takes two years to train a service dog to know more than 60 36 . Training can be 37 , but it’s worth doing,” says Sean Diamond, ICAN’s director of training.“Olivia’s 38 a lot of strength and mobility(灵活性),” Olivia's mom says. “She has a lot more 39 to do what she wants.”So when the family hiked the Quaking Aspen Trail with Ally, Olivia was able to 40 the long walk.21.A.easy B.funny C.exciting D.strange22.A.sight B.balance C.feeling D.thought23.A.visits B.activities C.exercises D.performances24.A.ran into B.fell into C.stepped into D.looked into 25.A.unique B.indirect C.normal D.meaningful26.A.help B.energy C.patience D.medicine27.A.stored B.chosen C.designed D.used28.A.hard B.great C.amazing D.impossible29.A.reacted to B.depended on C.learned from D.believed in 30.A.sitting B.coming C.playing. D.talking31.A.caught B.trained C.discovered D.encouraged32.A.So B.Since C.Though D.Because33.A.give B.send C.follow D.ignore34.A.pet B.tool C.worker D.machine35.A.task B.duty C.need D.rule36.A.words B.games C.stories D.orders37.A.unfair B.special C.popular D.difficult38.A.saved B.gained C.found D.produced39.A.time B.experience C.freedom D.attention40.A.observe B.guide C.organize D.complete四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
福建省龙岩市2020┄2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案
(考试时间:120分钟满分:150分)第I卷(选择题共100分)第一部分听力(百强校英语解析团队专供)(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers going to buy?A. Bread.B. Eggs.C. Cheese.2. How long has the man been a bus driver?A. For about one year.B. For about ten years.C. For about eleven years.3. When is the woman’s birthday?A. May 5th.B. May 6th.C. May 7th.4. Wh at is the man’s hobby?A. T aking photos.B. Collecting stamps.C. Listening to music.5. Where is the man going this weekend?A. T o the mountains.B. To the forest.C. T o the river.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
请听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
福建省一级达标校2020-2021学年高一历史下学期期末质检试题(扫描版)
龙岩市一级达标校2020-2021~2020学年第二学期期末高一教学质量检查二、材料阅读题(共3小题,其中第31题14分,第32题14分,第33题12分,共40分。
)31. (14分)(1)突破了空间和时间的限制;(2分)服务设施比较完备;(1分)商业活动不再受政府直接监管。
(1分)(2)变化:城市管理日益专业化;城市管理法律体系逐步建立;城市实行一定程度的自治。
(3分)因素:西方城市管理体制的影响;近代城市经济发展的需要;抵抗侵略、维护国家主权的需要;先进知识分子的推动。
(3分,回答其中三点即可)(3)作用:创造就业和收入的机会;扩大内需,促进经济发展;方便群众生活;(2分,回答其中两点即可)建议:突出人文关怀;遵循经济发展规律;追求城市的多元价值;建章立制,完善城市管理机制;关注城市环境保护。
(2分,言之有理即可)32. (14分)(1)步骤:经济特区——沿海开放城市——沿海经济开放区——内地。
(2分)特点:多层次、有重点,点面结合。
(2分)(2)特点:明确目标,不断深化,制度创新。
(2分,回答其中两点即可)原因:中央理论指导和政府政策推动;改革开放的深入发展;思想解放的推动;国企自身生存与发展的需要;社会主义市场经济体制的逐步确立;经济全球化的发展;科技进步的推动。
(4分,回答其中四点即可)(3)结局:中国改革开放取得巨大成就,形成中国特色的社会主义道路;苏联解体,斯大林模式失败。
(2分,回答“一成一败”给1分)认识:坚持四项基本原则;坚持改革开放。
(2分)33. (12分)(1)措施:实行固定粮食税;实行国家资本主义或允许私营经济存在;允许商品买卖,实行自由贸易;实行按劳取酬的工资制。
(4分)特点:利用市场和商品货币关系扩大生产(2分)(2)侧重点:恢复工农业生产。
(2分)共同背景:两国都有严重经济困难和政治危机;都是在之前旧政策失效后再实施的。
(2分)共同影响:都促进两国经济恢复和发展;都有利于巩固政权,缓和矛盾;都对以后世界经济的建设和发展提供了成功的模式。
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7.如图所示, 是 边 的三等分点(靠近 点),若 ,则 ()
A. B. C. D.
8.在学校组织的考试中,45名学生的数学成绩的茎叶图如图所示,若将学生按成绩由低到高编为1-45号,再用系统抽样方法从中抽取9人,则其中成绩在区间 上的学生人数是()
2.A
【解析】
分析:由题意结合向量平行的充分必要条件得到关于m的方程,解方程即可求得m的值.
详解:由平面向量平行的充分必要条件可得:
,
求解关于 的方程可得: .
本题选择A选项.
点睛:本题主要考查向量平行的充分必要条件,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.
3.A
【解析】
【分析】
利用对立事件、互斥事件的定义直接求解.
15.在区间 中随机地取出两个数,则两数之和大于 的概率是______.
16.如图,在同一个平面内,向量 的模分别为1, , , 与 的夹角为 ,且 , 与 的夹角为135°.若 ,则 __________.
三、解答题
17.已知 .
(Ⅰ)求 的值;
(Ⅱ)求 的值.
18.已知两个非零向量 .
(Ⅰ)若向量 是夹角为120°的单位向量,试确定实数 ,使 和 垂直;
22.已知函数 .
(1)当 时,求函数 的单调递增区间;
(2)将函数 的图象向左平移 个单位后,所得图象对应的函数为 .若关于 的方程 在区间 上有两个不相等的实根,求实数 的取值范围.
参考答案
1.B
【解析】
分析:利用三角函数的定义,即可求出.
详解:角 终边经过点 ,则
由余弦函数的定义可得
故选B.
点睛:本题考查三角函数的定义,属基础题.
【全国校级联考】福建省龙岩市一级达标校【最新】高一下期期末考试数学试题
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、单选题
1.若角 终边经过点 ,则 ()
A. B. C. D.
2.设向量 , ,则实数 的值为()
A. B.2C. D.
本题选择A选项.
点睛:本题主要考查数制的转化及其应用等知识,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.
5.D
【分析】
设圆的直径为 ,则圆内接正方形的边长为 ,再利用弧度公式得到答案.
【详解】
设圆的直径为 ,则圆内接正方形的边长为
∵圆的圆弧长度等于该圆内接正方形的边长,
∴圆弧的长度为
∴圆心角弧度为
故选D.
3.一个人打靶时连续射击两次,事件“至多有一次中靶”的互斥事件是
A.两次都中靶B.至少有一次中靶
C.两次都不中靶D.只有一次中靶
4.把28化成二进制数为()
A. B. C. D.
5.若圆弧长度等于圆内接正方形的边长,则该圆弧所对圆心角的弧度数为()
A. B. C. D.
6.已知一组数据 的平均数 ,方差 ,则数据 的平均数、方差分别为()
A.关于点 对称B.关于点 对称
C.关于直线 对称D.关于直线 对称
11.执行如下程序框图,如果输入的 ,则输出 的取值范围是()
A. B. C. D.
12.设当 时,函数 的值为其最大值的 倍,则 ()
A. B. C. D.
二、填空题
13.设向量 , ,则 _______.
14.已知函数 的部分图象如图所示,则 的解析式是__________.
【详解】
一个人打靶时连续射击两次,
事件“至多有一次中靶”的互斥事件是两次都中靶.
故选:A.
【点睛】
本题考查互事件的判断,是中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意对立事件、互斥事件的定义的合理运用.
4.A
【解析】
分析:由题意结合除法公式求解二进制的表示即可.
详解:将28写成竖式除法的形式如下:
据此可得:28化成二进制数为 .
【点睛】
本题考查了圆心角的弧度,属于基础题型.
6.D
【解析】
分析:由题意结合平均数,方程的性质即可求得新数据的平均数和方差.
详解:由题意结合平均数,方程的性质可知:
数据 的平均数为: ,方差为 .
本题选择D选项.
点睛:本题主要考查平均数的性质,方差的性质等知识,意在考查学生的转化能力和计算求解能力.
(Ⅱ)若 , , ,求证: 三点共线.
19.中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会于【最新】10月24日在北京召开,会议提出“决胜全面建成小康社会”.某市积极响应开展“脱贫攻坚”,为【最新】“全面建成小康社会”贡献力量.为了解该市农村“脱贫攻坚“情况,从某县调查得到农村居民【最新】至【最新】家庭人均纯收入 (单位:百元)的数据如下表:
(1)求 的值,并作出这些数据的频率分布直方图;
(2)现从第3、4、5组中用分层抽样的方法抽取6人参加校“中华诗词比赛”,经过比赛后从这6人中选拔2人组成该校代表队,求这2人来自不同组别的概率;
(3)假设每组数据组间是平均分布的,若该校希望使15%的学生的一周课外阅读时间不低于 (小时)的时间,作为评选该校“课外阅读能手”的依据,试估计该值 ,并说明理由.
A.4B.5C.6D.7
9.《九章算术》是我国古代内容极为丰富的数学名著,书中用“更相减损术”求两个正整数的最大公约数是一个伟大的创举,与古老的“辗转相除法”实质是一样的.如图的算法语句即表示“辗转相除法”,若输入 时,输出的 ()
A.33B.99C.53D.31
10.将函数 的图象所有点的横坐标缩短到原来的 倍(纵坐标不变),得到函数 的图象,则函数 的图象()
附:回归直线 的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计公式分别为:
,
20.某同学在一次研究性学习中,发现以下五个式子的值都等于同一个常数.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(1)试从上述五个式子中选择一个,求出这个常数;
(2)根据(1)的计算结果,将该同学的发现推广为三角恒等式,并证明该结论.
21.【最新】4月23日“世界读书日”来临之际,某校为了了解中学生课外阅读情况,随机抽取了100名学生,并获得了他们一周课外阅读时间(单位:小时)的数据,整理得到数据分组及频数分布表.
年份
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
年人均纯收入 (百元)
41
45
48
56
60
64
71
注:小康的标准是农村居民家庭年人均纯收入达到8000元.
(1)求 关于 的线性回归方程;
(2)利用(1)中的回归方程,预测【最新】该县农村居民家庭年人均纯收入能否达到“全面建成小康社会”的标准?