中石油2016通用英语选读课文52 Sales Promotion产品促销
中石油2016通用英语选读课文
4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans如何与美国人谈判1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。
它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。
但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。
2.美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!” 但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。
虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。
3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。
双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重要的。
美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。
（that 引导定语从句，可以译为：美国人自由地使用幽默感，这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。
）如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。
4.美国人不拘礼节。
商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。
会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。
你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。
5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。
在简单的寒暄之后，美国谈判双方很快地切入主题，甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。
6.美国人做生意很注重实效，他们就是想赢。
相比之下，发展与商业伙伴的个人关系（与得到的谈判结果相比）就不是那么重要了。
7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。
金融情况时刻受到关注（或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”），这对在短期内保证收益很重要。
因此，许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。
所以美国人谈判很性急，但这不应该被理解为无礼，而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。
8.因为战略合作和其他的长期项目都是以其潜在的快速投资回报率来进行评价的，这种态度会对谈判有很大的影响。
(本句也可译为：“时间就是金钱”的这种态度对谈判具有很大的影响，因为，战备合作和其他的长期项目都是以获得快速投资回报的潜能来进行评价的。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第51-60课-课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录51. THOSE FASCINATING NORTHERN LIGHTS 迷人的北极光（2016新版） (2)52 SALES PROMOTION 产品促销 (6)53. OIL REFINING 石油炼制（2016新增） (6)54 ANOTHER HAPPINESS 另一种快乐 (13)55. IT’S NEVER TOO L ATE FOR SUCCESS成功不分早晚（2016新增） (16)56 WHY TO MARK A BOOK 怎样在书上做标记 (20)57 EARTH'S LAST FRONTIER:THE SEA 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 (24)58. OUR MANY RESPONSES TO PAIN <NEW> (29)59. FOREST FIRES: A MAJOR DISASTER <NEW> (33)60 WHY ANTARCTICA IS BEING EXPLORED 为什么要勘探南极洲 (38)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights 迷人的北极光（2016新增）1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water Company in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at Comer Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And accompanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights —boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1. 1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water Company)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（ComerBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。
Unit 6 Sales Promotion
Specimen letter
Dear Mr,Hamilton, Thanks for your recent letter, and your interest in our Great Wall Computers. More than 100,000 people around the world own a Great Wall System. We’re betting that you’ll join them once you discover what a Great Wall personal computer can do.
Writing
Write a letter to a leading importer dealing in office equipment. In the letter tell the buyer about your latest products and make a special promotion.
5.Our portable typewriter is made of light hard alloy, being convenient in carrying and durable in use.
Letter 2
1. Packaging Machinery 包装机械 2. Packaging Industry包装工(行)业 3. Headquarter n.总部 v.设立总部 信例中Headquartered in Chichago, Illinois,为过去分词作状语
With a history dating back to 1884,…with 1975 sales in excess of $2 billion (10亿). dating back to 1884是现在分词短语,修 饰history; 也可用dating from 1884 1975 sales意指1975年的销售(金)额 in excess of 超过,如 supply in excess of demand
2016中石油职称英语课后练习题
Lesson 11.If our time_____, it will either produce[生产] some useful and important piece of work.A. was usefully employedB. usefully employsC. is usefully employedD. usefully employed2. Our experience and our capacitiesenable us to earn money when the proper____ comes.A. operation操作，手术B. protection保护C. rival竞争者，对手D. opportunity机会3._______ time is convertible[可兑换的，可转换的] into money.A. There can be no doubt that[毫无疑问]B. It can be no doubt thatC. There can be no doubt whetherD.It can be no doubt whether4.Let those_____ think nothing of[不重视] wasting time remember this;A. thatB. whatC. whomD. who5.All time is precious[宝贵的]; but the time of our childhood and of our youth is____ precious _____of our existence[生存，存在].A. more than any other portionsB. morethan any other portionC. more than any portionD. more than any portions6.____ mostly when you do not know what to do with yourself ____you do something ill or wrong. The mind of the idler preys upon[折磨] itself.A. It is whoB. It isthatC. This is whenD. This is that7.We can acquire[获得] knowledge and develop our ___ and capacities[才能].A. facility设备，容易B. faculties[能力]C. fault缺点，过错D. faith信任，信念8.We are too often indifferent[漠不关心的] to loss of an hour or of a day, _____that our life is the sum total[总计] of the days and of the hours we live.A. to forgetB. forgetC. forgottenD. forgettingLesson 21.English muffins[松饼] weren't invented [invent:发明]in England ____ French fries in France.A. whileB. notC. eitherD. nor2. I will never come to this restaurant again. The food isterrible. _________A. Nor am IB. Neither will IC. Same with meD. So do I3. We take English for______.A. grantedB. grant同意，补助金C. grand壮丽的，盛大的D. great4. which of the two ties would you like to take?______. You know I am not particular about ties.A. AnyB. NeitherC. BothD. Either5.A guinea pig[天竺鼠] is neither from Guinea[几亚]nor____.A. it is a pigB. is it a pigC. is a pigD. a pig it is6.If you have a bunch[束，捆] of odds and ends [零碎的东西]and get rid of[去除，除掉]___one of them,what do you call it?A. all over到处B. all right正确的，好C. all at once突然D. all but7.Sometimes I think all the English speakers should _____to an asylum[精神病院].A. permit允许B.be permittedC. commit托付，犯错D. be committed8.How can the_____ be hot as hell[地狱] one day and cold as hell another?A. climate气候B. whether是否C. weatherD. client顾客，委托人9. When I _____ my watch,I start it.A. use up用光B. wake up醒来C. wind upD. take up拿起，占据，继续10.Sweetmeats are candies[candy：糖果] while[而] sweetbreads, ______aren't sweet,are meat.A. whichB. theseC. thatD. whatLesson 31. Grandpa_________ to water the flowers now. It’s going to rain soon.A isn’t needingB needn’tC doesn’t needD needs2. Have you watered the flower?I don't think this kind of flower need_____ every day.A. waterB. wateringC. be wateredD.being watered3.____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the raceA. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. When4.__________interesting story it is!A What an B What a C Ho w an D How5.(21.）Put things back ______ you found them.（2010年考题）A. whereB. thatC. whichD. since6.(31.)You __ yourself about money. （2010年考题）A. need not worryB. have worryC. are not being worriedD. needn't be worried7. No matter how old you are, when you go out into the world, it _______ to hold hands and stick together.A. would betterB. had betterC. should betterD. is better8. Goldfish and hamsters all die. ___________.A. So we areB. So we doC. So are weD. So do we9. Think of what a better world _________ if we all had cookies and milk about 3 o’clock every afternoon.A. would it beB. it would beC. will it beD.it will beLesson41. ______wants to succeed[成功] in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.A. whoeverB. whateverC. whomeverD. whenever2. Yet a euphoric[精神愉快的] approach[方法] to business is_____ enough.A.by all means一定B.by means of依靠C.by no means绝不D.by means for3.The attitude[态度] "time is money" has more_____ on business communication in the US than it does anywhere else.A. discuss讨论B. contain 包含C. evaluate评价D. influence 影响4.Present[介绍] and market[推销] your case in a____ way.A. positive积极的B. possible 可能的C. previous以前的D. private私人的5.When doing business in the US, you should take the following considerations[考虑] into______.A. adventure冒险B. accountC. advice建议D. ambition野心Lesson 51.Internet ______theft[失窃]is a growing—and very costly[昂贵的]—problem.A. identify 识别B. identity[身份]C. identical同一的D. identification鉴定，识别2.All offers ____require payment[付款] or private information before giving an award[奖品] are bogus[假冒的].A. whatB. whoC. whoseD. that3.Take the time to ____the validity[合法性] of an offer.A. check out[检查]B. look out 向外看，当心C. make out 理解，填写D. pick out挑选，取出4. Thoroughly[彻底地] conduct a background[背景] check[核实] on the company,_____ as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A. madeB. makesC. makingD. make5. If______, visit a local law enforcement[执行] office and ask their opinion.A. in doubt[怀疑]B.in case 以防C. in conclusion最后，总之D.in detail详细地6.____ people who report such crimes, ____criminals are arrested.[逮捕]A. The more the moreB. The much the muchC. The more the betterD. The much the goodLesson 61. Although recent years have seen _____reductions[减少] in noxious[有毒的] pollutants[污染物质] from individual[个人的]motor vehicles[机动车辆].A. substantial 大量的B. substance物质C. substitute替换，替代品D. subsequent2.The number of such vehicles ___steadily[稳定地] increasing.A. have beenB. had beenC. having beenD. has been3. There is a serious liability ____performance and fuel efficiencyA.in time ofB.in case of 万一C. in terms ofD.in honour of 为了纪念4.At a rough estimate[粗略估计],Nigeria is ____ Great Britian.A. three times as big asB. three times as bigger asC. as three times big asD. as three times bigger as5. Ethanolis commonly used as a gasoline supplement, but itis currently about_____ methanol.A. twice as expensive asB. twice as more expensive asC.as twice more expensive asD.as twice expensive as6.（12.）The number of vehicles has been steadily increasing. _______, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits.[2010年考题]A. Continuously不断地B. Consequently 因此C. Constantly不变地D. Consistently始终如一地7. All of these alternatives[替换物] are carbon-based fuels _____molecules[分子] are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline[汽油].A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whose8.The hydrocarbons[碳氢化合物] they do emit[放出] are less likely to ______ozone[臭氧].A. general普遍的，一般的B. generation 产生，一代C. generate产生D. generous慷慨的，大方的9.The combustion[燃烧] of larger molecules, ____have multiple[多重的] carbon-carbon bonds involves[包含] a more complex[复杂的] series of reactions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. who10. Ethanol[乙醇] is commonly[通常地] used ___a gasoline supplement[补充].A. forB.toC.byD.as11.( 27.) Henry and Tom __ to the parties at the Trade Union every Saturday.[2010年考题]A. used to goB. were used to goC. are used to goD. use to go12.Vehicles _____ only the simplest of the engine[发动机] improvements would still contribute[贡献出] to an immediate[立即的] lessening[减少] of urban air pollution.A. corporate法人的，社团的B. cooperating(cooperate:合作)C. operating（operate：操作，运转）D. incorporating（incorporate:包含，合并）Lesson71. The car will be guided by a differential[差别的] GPS system that corrects errors[错误]_____in global positioning satellite[卫星] signals[信号].A. arising[出现]B. rise上升C. raise举起，养育D. arouse唤醒2.Further, GM envisions[设想，想象] a system _____the Mobility Internet.A. callingB. callC. callsD. called3.How much control[控制] you want to turn over[移交] to the car may ______your age and where you are going.A. depend on[取决于]B. call on 号召，拜访C. come on 快点，前进D. go on继续4. On vacation with the family the driver may want to____ and talk to the kids.A. turn up出现B. turn to求助于C. turn on 打开D. turn around[转身]5. Taking the fun out of the driving is not our main goal—we'd like to help people enjoy______.A. to driveB. driveC. drivesD. driving6.But they should make the _____if they want to drive or press the autopilot[自动驾驶仪] button[按钮]. "A. decision[决定]B. decideC. departure 离开D. departLesson 81. They are the principles,many of them,____ I learned at my mother's knee.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how2. They are the principles[原则，准则] on which my wife and I have tried to _____our family.A. bring down降价B. bring about造成C. bring forth提出D. bring up 教育3. The question is not worth _____again and again.A. discussB. discussingC.to discussD.to be discussed4. Only then ___ how much damage had been caused.A. she realizedB. she had realizedC. had she realizedD. did she realize5. Only in this way_____ English well.A. can we learnB. we can learnC. we learn canD. that we can learn6. that right can and will triumph[战胜，击败]___might[权利].A. uponB. onC. overD. offLesson 91.______ he was late, he was not criticized[批评] by the teacher．A. Even thoughB. Even ifC. As if好像D.As though好像2. The need for____ public speaking will almost certainly touch you sometime in your life.A. efficient效率高的B. efficientlyC. effectivelyD.effective有效的3. You ____a big step toward overcoming[战胜] stage fright if you ____positively.A. take, thinkB. will take, will thinkC. take, will thinkD. will take, think4. The training is____ for every type of communication.A.valueless没有价值的B. invaluableC.worthless无价值的D. inworth5.This is the most interesting film ___ I’ve ever seen.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when6.（25. ）Gorillas are quiet animals, ______ they are able to make about twenty different sounds.（2010年考题）A. howB. in spite of虽然，尽管+名词C. even thoughD. because of因为+名词7. In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you ___a wide range[一系列] of skills.A. employB. explore勘探C. empty倒空D. explode爆炸8. You___ to[适应于] feedback[反馈] from your listener.A. adopt收养，采纳B. adjust调节C. adaptD. admit承认9.Listeners____ negatively[消极地] to speeches loaded with[使装满] slang[俚语],jargon[行话],and bad grammar.A. actB. contact接触C. react[反应]D. interact相互作用10. One of the major concerns[担心，焦虑] of students in any speech class___ stage fright[怯场].A. areB. isC. wasD. were11. Your speech class will give you an opportunity[机会] to gain confidence[信心] and make your nervousness work for you _____against you.A. more than超过，多于B. other than 除了C. less than小于D. rather than[而不]12. The interaction[相互作用] of these seven elementsis ___determines[决定]the outcome[结果]in any instance[情况]of speech communication.A. whatB. thatC. howD. which13.（5.） The speaker is the person who _____ a speech transaction.A. initial最初的B. initiates 开始v.C. initiatives主动权D. initiation开始n.[2011年考题]Lesson 101.The clean-energy business is turning into[成为] the next big ______ boom[繁荣].A. invitationB. introductionC. investigationD. investment[投资]2.The Governor[州长] is a hero[英雄] in green circles _____his enthusiasm[热情] for environmental[环境的] regulation[规章].A. because ofB. becauseC. instead ofD. instead代替3.Butclean-energy advocates[提倡者]_____growth is sustainable[可持续的] because of the likes of Mr. Schwarzenegger.A. insist[坚决认为]B. inspect 检查C. inquire询问D. injure伤害4.Such exaggeration[夸] might remind people _____the dotcom[]bubble[泡影].A. forB. ofC. aboutD. with5.About ______of those present[出席的], one visitor happily observed[观察], were "check-writers".A. three-quarterB. quarter-threeC. three-quartersD. quarters-three6.This "megatrend[大趋势]", the keynote[主旨] speaker advocated[提倡], "may be the biggest job and wealth-creation _____of the 21st century."A. occasion机会B. occupation职业C. opportunity[机会]D. optimism乐观7.Fuel cells[电池] running on hydrogen[氢] will _____the internal combustion engine[燃机].A. take the place of[代替]B. take part in参加C. take into account考虑D. take care of照顾Lesson 111.This is roughly the ____of 4,195 cigarettes a year for every person in the country of 18years of age or more.A. equipment设备B. balanced平衡的C. identical完全一致的D. equivalent相等的2. Since 1939, numerous scientific studies __ to determine whether smoking is a health hazardA. have been conductedB. have conductedC. conductedD. were conducted3. China is a _____ country.A. developB. developmentC. developingD. developed4. Male cigarette Smokers have a higher death ____ from heart disease than non-smoking males.A. rat老鼠B. rateC. priceD. evidence证据5. They can only marginally reduce, not eliminate the ___.A. tobaccoB. healthC. illness疾病D. hazard6.Tobacco[烟草，烟叶] smoking, particularly[特别] cigarette smoking, is associated___[联系] shortened life expectancy[平均寿命].A.toB.byC. withD.as7.Chemical pesticides[杀虫剂]___now ____by farmers in vast quantities[数量] to destroy insects and small animals.A. are being usedB. are usingC. are usedD. are being using8. Current research indicates a ___ relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat.A. causalB. casualC. causeD. caseLesson121. We’d like to share some of the _____ meanings love has for us.A. preference偏爱B. preparation 准备C. possible 可能的D. positive 积极的2.I’m _______ of the many sides of the other person--not just the beautiful side but also the limitations[局限，限制].A. wareB. welfareC. awareD. care3.Love means that I _____ the welfare[幸福，福利]of the person I love.A. carry on 经营，继续B. come up 发生，出现C. care about关心D. count on 依靠，依赖4. I hope you will become all_____ you can become.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who5. In a love relationship there are times ____I am bored.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. what6._______, love comes into an imperfect world to make it possible to live.A. In another wordsB. In other words[换句话说]C. In othersD. In another7. Love involves seeing the______ within the person we love.A. position位置B. production生产C. practice 练习D. potential潜力Lesson131.“It’s clear that the brain ______ from exercise.”A. benefitsB. beneficial 有益的C. believeD. broadcast广播2.Vigorous[精力充沛的]physical exercise[体育运动]provides the brain _____ more fuel.A. toB. towardsC.atD. with3.Inactivity may also have ______ effects on mind and body alike.A. positive积极的B. negative[消极的，否定的]C. necessary必要的D. complete完整的4.Skill-based exercise increases the formation[结构]of connections[连接]in the brain,______ , according to the proposals[建议]of some scientists.A. thatB. whatC. whoD. which5.And if the dance is a good physical exercise _____, the benefits multiply[相乘，增加].A. as wellB. tooC. eitherD. alsoLesson 141.She saved what little money she could ____as a scullery maid.A. workB. to workC. workingD. worked2. My dear lady." he replied,"___ you never __an opportunity?"A. have receivedB. did receiveC. will receiveD. had received3.My dear lady, I will give you an ____today. I want you to write me a letter about the brick."A. assign v.分配B. assistant 助手C.assignmentD. assist v.帮助4.She sent __document[文件] about the brick in her kitchen and, to her surprise, she receiveda letter back.A. a 36 pagesB. a 36-pagesC. a 36 pageD. a 36-page5. Although he___ in that city for 15 years, he, in 2006,returned to Paris.Ａ. lived B. has livedC. would liveD. had lived6. She soon quit[辞去] her kitchen job to ____writing.A. take part in 参加B. take in 欺骗，上当，理解C. take effect 生效D. take up7. If ___a chance, will you take it?A. givesB. givingC. will giveD. givenLesson 151.Alberta _______the western part of Canada.A.locatesB. locates inC. is located inD. located in2.With an area of approximately 255,212 square miles,____ to 661,000 square kilometers.A.equivalentB. equalC. sameD. identical3.China is larger than ______ in Asia.A. any other countriesB. any other countryC. some other countryD. some other countries4. The third largest city is Lethbridge,___ a population of about 67,000 persons.A.to haveB. hadC. havingD. have5. In winter, it is___ colder and in the north, the temperature can drop to 20 degrees belowzero.A. moreB. manyC. mostD. much6. It has a population[人口] of only 3.26 million, about ____of the population of Shanghai.A.one fifthB.one fiveC. fifth oneD. first fifth7. The____ in Alberta is pleasant, particularly[特别，尤其] in summer, when the average[平均的] temperature is about 60 degrees Fahrenheit[华氏温标].A. weatherB. temperatureC. climateD. season8. Many tourists are attracted[吸引] to the first____ skiing ground at the resorts[度假胜地] of Banff[班夫] and Jasper[嘉思帕].A. ateB. rateC. reality 现实D. reaction反应Lesson 161.“Please pass the turkey and dressing[调味品].” What does this simple ______ make you think about?A. represent代表B. replace代替C. request[请求，要求]D. respect尊敬2. A nuclear family ____a husband and wife and their children.A. listens toB. turns to转向，求助于C. refers to[谈与]D. occurs to发生3. Several_____ may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than onehousehold live under one roof.A. generations[一代人]B. competitions比赛C. contributions贡献D. destination目的地4._______ fearing Mom and Dad, children may think of them as good friends.A. Instead ofB. instead 相反C. inform of将…告知D. inform5.Social pressures[压力] are ______ more and more American homes.A. break into闯入B. break down失败，损坏C. break out爆发D. breaking apart[使…分裂开]6. Oh, and ____ thing: be thankful for each other. If you have a family，every day should be Thanksgiving.A. more oneB.one anotherC. first moreD. one moreLesson171.The _____ report is a wide-ranging[广泛的] look at the role that information technology plays in the economy[经济].A.69-pagesB. 69 pageC. 69-pageD.69 pages2.The study was done by a year-old research organization, the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation,_____work is supported[支持] by companies like I.B.M.A. whoseB. whichC. whoD. what3.Health care providers must increasingly[越来越多地]____modern computing tools.A. adapt 改编B. adopt采用C. afford 负担得起D. argue 争论4.The services sector，which ______80 percent of the American work force[劳动力]，is expected to generate[引起，产生] most of the new jobs in the future.A. employsB. employmentC. employeeD. employer5.The policy issue[问题] is how do you get digital[数字的]______in these other sectors.A. transformB. translate翻译C. translationD. transformation[转化]Lesson181. There are severalreasons _____ international trade exists[存在].A. whereB. whenC. whyD. what2. International trade is the _____of goods[商品]and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another country.A. exist存在B. excuse 原谅C. expense花费D. exchange[交换]3. In the cultivation[培育]of natural products climate plays a ______ role.A．decision决定 B．delicate 微妙的C．deposit 储蓄 D．decisive[决定性的]4. The theory of comparative advantage, also called the comparative ______theory.A. cost[成本]B. costly昂贵的C. copy抄写D. correct 正确的5. The paradox[似非而是的论点] is best _____ by this traditional example.A. illustrated[说明]B. illustrationC. imagine想象D. imagination6. Insurance is another service ___which some nations specialize.A. atB. onC. forD. in7. During the winter, the Bahamas _____ large numbers of tourists[旅游者].A. distractB. distraction分心C. attractionD. attract[吸引]Lesson 191.There is an old English saying,"___ is the mother of invention.A. necessary 必须的B. needC. NecessityD. necessarily2.Surplus sugar canecould _____ produce energy.A.be used asB. be used toC.be used forD.be used in作为 to do for doing 地点3. Scientists ___that the world's known oil resourceswill run out early in the next century.A. predictB. prefer 喜欢C. precede领先D. prepare准备4. Recently protein feeds for animals _____by growing yeast in a petroleum based stock.A. has been developedB. have been developedC. has developedD. have developed5. Have you ever stopped to think how your life would change if the world _____ out of oil?A. ranB. runC. has runD. had run6. As you head for your bus, train or car, ____ use petroleum products in the form of fuel to move them.A. all of whichB. all of themC. all of thatD. all of theyLesson 201.______this story, long ago all people spoke the same language.A. add up to 总计达B.as to 至于，关于C. appeal to 呼吁D. According to2. The Scandinavian languages of Danish[丹麦语],Icelandic[冰岛语],Norwegian[挪威语],and Swedish[瑞典语]____the North Germanic grouping.A. compress 压缩B. compromise妥协C. compute计算D. comprise3. Being able to communicate with others in this far-reaching linguistic group will offer the user____ benefits.A. measure测量B. measurement测量法C. measurable可测量的D. immeasurable4. More than one-third of the world's economic production _______in these countries, too.A. originatesB. origin n.起源C. original a.最初的，原始的D. orientation n.方向5. The same is true, of course, for ____ who want to learn Dutch or Danish from an Englishor German background.A. thatB. theseC. thisD. those6.German[德语],_____ just over 100,000,000 people, is one of the world's ten-largest languages in terms of population.A. talked byB. talks byC. spoken byD. speaks by7.Though these languages cannot be easily understood among their different speakers, the similarities[类似，相似] in vocabulary are____.[显著的，突出的]A.strikingB. strike打，击，罢工C. string细绳，线D. striving (strive努力)8.Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages ____for a great deal of the world's output[产品] in everything from economics[经济] to literature[文学] to military[军事] to science and technology.[2010年考题]A. accountB. allow允许C. apply申请D. arrange安排Lesson 211.Inside the USA anybody of any age or incomecan drink it without embarrassment on any ____.A. occasional偶然的B. occupation职业C. occurrence事件，发生D. occasion场合，时机2. Cola drinks contain caffeine from the kola nutand are the only soft drinks which are stimulating ____refreshing.A.as long as只要B. as well as 也，又C.as good as和…一样D.as soon as 一…就3. Americans __ a lot of alcohol in the form of cocktails.A. consume消耗，消费B. swallow吞，咽C. dispose处理，处置D. exhaust用尽，耗尽4. While he was in the office, he preferred __ something __nothing.A. to do, to doB. to do, doingC. doing, to doD. doing, to doing5. Service in restaurants and coffee shops is _____and friendly.A. efficiency效率B. effect作用，结果C. effective有效的D. efficient效率高的6.Many American families pride themselves ____ their cooking,and have deep freezers,where they store[储藏] food.A. onB. ofC. inD. at7.There ___supermarkets in the USA since the 1930s,and they have now spread[散布] througha large part of the world.A. has beenB. have beenC. areD. is8.（11.） Whereas outside the USA, Coke tends to be a young person's drink, inside theUSA anybody of any age can drink it on any _____ without embarrassment.[2011年考题]A. choice选择B. occasion时刻，场合C. occupation职业D. occurrence发生出现9.（12.） The waiters will refill your coffee cup several times for no extra _____[2011年考题]A. expand扩大B.offer提供C. price价格D.charge附加费，费用Lesson 221. One of the odder coincidences of physical geography is the fact____ there are two double islands, roughly the same size.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where2. North Island in New Zealand sports a balmy climate and the beaches to _____it.A. make fun of 取笑B. make sure 确信C. make sense 有意义D. make use of使用，利用3. Some of the world's best mountain scenery is available within the____ long chain of theSouthern Alps.A. 500-kilometersB.500-kilometerC. 500-kilometers’D. 500 kilometer4. Its temperate[温和的]_____sees little snow except in the highlands and mountainous areas.A. climateB. weatherC. placeD. scene5. And for those who would rather _____at home or in an office in front of a computer screen.A.to stayB. stayingC. staysD. stay6.Some of the world's best mountain _____is available[可见的] within the 500-kilometer long chain of the Southern Alps.[2010年考题]A. sceneB. sceneryC. scarce缺乏的，罕见的D. scare恐吓，感到害怕7. The fresh air is sometimes humid[潮湿的] from the____ rainfall of this area. [2010年考题]A. numerous很多的B. abundant大量的，充足的C. plenty充分地（adv.）D. substantive真实的8. As fewer people ____South Island than on North Island, those who crave[渴望] solitude[独居] and pristine[原始的] beaches will be amazed[吃惊] at their luck here.A. live onB. live in 住在某地C.live through经历过D.live up to实行，履行Lesson 231.She was building a sandcastle or something and _____，her eyes as blue as the sea.A. look after 照顾B. look forward to期望C. looked up向上看，查找D. look down upon轻视2. I thought I saw her mother on the porch[走廊] and felt like ____she keep her child athome.A.to demandB. demandingC. demandedD. demand要求3. I'm afraid I allowed her ____you.If she was a nuisa nce,please,accept my apologies.”A. to botherB. botherC. botheringD. bothered4. The ___little picture is framed now and hangs in my study.A. precise精确的B. previous 先前的C. premier首要的D. precious宝贵的5. A gift from a child with sea-blue eyes and hair the color sand-____ taught me the giftof love.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who6. I was____; my life seemed completely[完全地]out of balance[平衡].A. depend依靠依赖B. depression n.沮丧C. depressedD. dependent依靠的，依赖的7. The ever-changing balm[芳香] of the seashore ____ me.A. awaited vt.B. waited vi.C. awoke(awake醒着的,唤醒)D. woke(wake唤醒)Lesson 241. A complete refining installation must include all necessary__.A. facultiesB. fragmentsC. facilitiesD. fairlyfacility n.设备, 工具faculty n.才能, 本领, 能力, 全体教员,fragment n.碎片, 片段fairly adv.公正地, 公平地2. Petroleum refining is the ____of petroleum into fractions.A. separationB. separate v.C. September九月D. separately adv.3. Refining petroleum is a ______series of steps.A. complete完整的B. component成分C. complex复杂的D. complain抱怨4. As the demand for gasoline increased, distillation could no longer supply the necessary_______.A. qualities质量B. qualifications资格C. quarters一刻钟D. quantities数量5. Steam distillation will yielda better quality____.A. produceB. product（工业）C. productionD. producer6.Most petroleum products, including kerosenes[煤油],fuel oils, lubricating oils[润滑油],and waxes[石蜡],are fractions of petroleum that _____ to remove[去除] undesirable[不需要的] components[成分].A. has been treatedB. have been treatedC. has treatedD. have treated7. Crude oil must be converted into products____ the rate of sale of each.A. account for说明（解释）…原因B. add up to总计达。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第31-40课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录31 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND OTHER SCIENCES 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版) (2)32 THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH加利福尼亚淘金热 (2016新增) (6)33 WHAT DO PARENTS OWE THEIR CHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？ (11)34 SHOULD YOU GO ORGANIC? 你应该“有机”吗？（N2016新增） (15)35 YOU BET YOUR LIFE 以命相赌 (20)36 TO BE CONTENT WITH ONE'S LOT乐天知命 (24)37 I DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO TEACH UNTIL I MET YOU 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (30)38 RESERVOIR PRODUCTION MECHANISMS油藏开采机理（2016新增） (34)39 A $210,000 WALLET 价值21万美元的钱包 (38)40 FUNDAMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN HANDLING PEOPLE 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (42)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
31Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版)【2007版，2010版，2013版，2016版】【2011年第7、8段翻译】1. Petroleum geology is the application【应用，接to】exploration【勘探】for and production【生产】of oil and gas. Geology itselfis firmly【牢牢地】based on【建立在…基础上】chemistry,physics,and biology,involving【包括】the application【后接to】of essentially【本质上】abstract【adj.抽象的，n.文摘】concepts to observed【观察的】data【资料】. In the past these data were basically【基本上】observation 【观察】and subjective【主观的】,but they are now increasingly physical and chemical,and therefore【因此】more objective【客观的】. Geology,in general【总的来说】,and petroleumgeology,in particular【特别，尤其】value judgements based on experience and an assessment【评估】of validity【有效性】among the data presented.1、石油地质学是地质学（岩石研究）在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。
Unit 5 Sales Promotion
1.acceptance: show interest in and satisfaction with your products 2.doubt: have interest in a certain feature/function of your products, but not sure/convinced that your product can perform such a function. 3.Indifference :no urgent need for your products, therefore, little interest 4.objection: reject your products
Effective sales letters generally have four parts and are arranged in the following manner.
Part 1: Attracting Attention
促销信都是“不请自来”，所以开头一定要 有吸引力和诱惑力。It must make an appeal to some particular buying motive and may begin with a question, and instruction, a quotation or an attentiongrabing short story. Sometimes if required, it may even begin by suggesting the very opposite to what you want.
II. What should be included in a sales promotion letter
Unit 6
2) parcel 一批货 This is the only parcel left. 这是仅剩下的一批货。 这是仅剩下的一批货。 3)item 商品种类 All the items listed in the catalogue are now available from stock. 目录上的每种货物都有现货供应。 目录上的每种货物都有现货供应。 4) article 物品，商品 物品， fragile article易碎品 易碎品 hard metal article 硬质合金制品
你方的回复将使我们优先、迅速地供应你们所需商品，而且对于畅销商品有充足的数量 供应。愿我们能为你方提供最佳的服务。
A trial order will convince you that the products will meet your needs to your satisfaction.
பைடு நூலகம்
sell well/fast 例如 例如：
This item, being quite popular, will also sell well in your market. 这种畅销品在你方市场上也会有好销路。 表示销路的方式： salable畅销的 popular有销路的 find a market销售 selling line销路 trial sale, test sale, test market试销 salable goods畅销货 popular goods快货 the best selling line (the best seller)热门货 to find (have) a ready market有销路，畅销 to have a strong footing in a market很有销路 good market畅销 poor (no) market滞销 goods that sell well畅销货 sell like wild fire畅销，销得很快
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第21-30课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录21.AND ALL THAT JAZZ关乎爵士乐(2016版新增) (2)22 THE GERMANIC LANGUAGES 日耳曼语系（2010版） (6)23 HOW AMERICANS EAT AND DRINK 美国人的饮食（2007版） (10)24 THE DELIGHTS OF SOUTH ISLAND 南岛之乐（2010版） (13)25 HINTS TO IMPROVE SPOKEN ENGLISH 提高英语口语须知（2007版） (17)26 THE MAGIC OF ENERGY 能的魔力（2007版） (21)27. WHEN YOU TRAVEL TO A LARGE CITY旅行在都市（2016版新增） (25)28 THAT "OTHER WOMAN" IN MY LIFE 我生命中的“另一个女人”（2007版） (29)29 GEOGRAPHY OF USA 美国地理概况（2007版） (32)30 THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA (EXCERPT) 老人与海(节选)(2010版) (37)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
21.And All That Jazz关乎爵士乐(2016版新增)1.Have you ever heard the expression（说法、表达）, —and all that Jazz”？When people say that to day, it’s slang which means much the same thing as et cetera （等等）or “and so forth（等等）.” You may use it yourself. Jazz, it seems, has had quite a few（相当多）meanings. Through the history （历史）of jazz, it has meant many different kinds of music to many different people.1.你听过这种说法吗，“像爵士乐一般，诸如此类的东西”？现在人们把它用作俚语，意思和“等等”，“以此类推”类似。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文50Not Quite Ready to Retire退休为时尚早
50 Not Quite Ready to Retire 退休为时尚早1.Done with<完毕> the 9 to 5 but not prepared to hang it up ? This work may be for you: the bridge job<返聘工作>.1.在结束了朝九晚五的工作之后，是不是仍然不想完全放弃工作而退休呢？如果是的话，这份工作可能是个不错的选择：返聘工作。
2. Two years ago, Bob Markway retired. Or so he thought. After joining Shell's exploration and production unit in 1973, Markway had climbed the rank s to manage its deepwater operations in the Gulf of Mexico. He had reached an age and accumulate d enough years of service<任职> to sail off into the sunset<日落> with a good pension<退休金>. Both kids' college tuitions<学费> and one of their weddings were out of the way <处理好，不碍事，不挡道，不显眼的>; his 46-ft. sailboat, the Sazerac,beckoned<整装待发，v招手，召唤>. But then Hurricane<n 飓风，狂风>Katrina walloped<vt冲击，摧毁vi猛冲，乱窜n重击，乐趣> his house two blocks<街区> from Lake Pontchartrain, and his plans for a clean break from<决裂> his career shift ed. "Suddenly, having cash outside of retirement plans began to look like a pretty good idea," says Markway, now 55. Besides<此外>, he felt a need to be useful. When Shell offered him interesting work on a project basis, he took it-on the condition<条件是> it not interfere with<影响，干预，阻挠> sailing season.2.两年前，Bob Markway退休了；至少他自己认为已经退休了。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第41-50课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录41. HAPPINESS INDEX幸福指数 (2)42 BECOMING WEALTHY: IT'S UP TO YOU 致富取决于你自己 (7)43 OIL 石油 (10)44 JOB SATISFACTION <NEW> (13)45. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST <NEW> (18)46. CULTURAL TABOOS文化禁忌 (21)47 MANAGING IN A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT 在全球环境中进行管理 (25)48. THE CONSCIOUS USE OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS MIND <NEW> (29)49. THE BRITISH THROUGH MY EYES <NEW> (33)50 NOT QUITE READY TO RETIRE 退休为时尚早 (36)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
41. Happiness Index幸福指数(index n. 索引；偏意：指数)1. In terms of happiness, your spouse—if you have one—is worth $100,000 a year.1、就幸福而言（in terms of 依据；按照），你的配偶(spouse)——如果你有的话——值10万美元一年（a year）。
现代商务英语第6章促销(Sales Promotion)
2
第6章 促销
(Sales Promotion)
1.Be brief 2.Create the impression of personal by using “you” 3.Arouse interest in the opening paragraph 4.Point out the benefits 5.Convince the reader 6.Conclude the letter by persuading the reader to take action
11
4. Ethnic factors Among human variations, the most noticeable are physical attributes or appearance. While most differences in appearance are readily apparent, there are a host of subtle variations that, although important to people within a given society may be easily overlooked by nondiscriminating outsiders.
3
第6章 促销
(Sales Promotion)
A Reviver letter 振兴信
the “Reviver”, the purpose of which is to keep the regular customers and to expend the business, because they are the main buyers of sales potential.
第7课_促销Sales_Promotion
译文： 译文：
Байду номын сангаас
关于包装装潢机械事宜 FMC公司是家主要生产用于工农业方面的技术先进的机器设 公司是家主要生产用于工农业方面的技术先进的机器设 备和化工产品的厂商,总部设在伊利诺斯州的芝加哥 总部设在伊利诺斯州的芝加哥. 备和化工产品的厂商 总部设在伊利诺斯州的芝加哥 FMC公司的历史可追溯到 公司的历史可追溯到1884年,目前已发展成美国最大的 公司的历史可追溯到 年 目前已发展成美国最大的 100家工业公司之一 家工业公司之一,,1975年销售额已超过 亿美元 在全世 年销售额已超过20亿美元 家工业公司之一 年销售额已超过 亿美元.在全世 公司有129个工厂分布在美国国内 个州及国外的 个工厂分布在美国国内32个州及国外的 界,FMC公司有 公司有 个工厂分布在美国国内 13个国家 拥有雇员约41600人 13个国家,拥有雇员约41600人. 个国家,拥有雇员约 我们认为本公司属美国及世界上包装工业界的主要厂家之一. 我们认为本公司属美国及世界上包装工业界的主要厂家之一 电子公司在产品的研究、 电子公司在产品的研究、开发和工程技术方面作出了很多努 加上技术的共享和同研，因此我们相信， 力，加上技术的共享和同研，因此我们相信，我们能就该工 业领域内的最新技术的各方面进行探讨和交换意见。 业领域内的最新技术的各方面进行探讨和交换意见。 FMC公司主要在以下若干领域内具有包装装潢的技术专长： 公司主要在以下若干领域内具有包装装潢的技术专长： 公司主要在以下若干领域内具有包装装潢的技术专长 ---包装装潢及纸盒制造机械 包装装潢及纸盒制造机械 ---纸膜粘附转换设备 纸膜粘附转换设备 ---多用途包装机 多用途包装机 本公司将本着友好、平等和互利的精神， 本公司将本着友好、平等和互利的精神，期待着不断加强我 们与中华人民共和国之间的关系。 们与中华人民共和国之间的关系。
中石油职称英语[2]
![中石油职称英语[2]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/ec5f1ffcaef8941ea76e055b.png)
中石油职称英语培训笔记英语培训笔记第01课ensure/insure/assureensure+sth./that-clause 确保、保证……insure保险insure …car against……给…保险以防……insure oneself against……给自己保险以防……assure+人I can assure you my honesty.（但课文的用法等于ensure）举例（课本中涉及到的句子）：1.To ensure global energy security, it is important to strengthen dialogue and cooperation为保障全球能源安全，我们应该树立和落实互利合作、多元发展2. And we will endeavor to ensure sustainable development by boosting production, improving people's life and protecting the environment. 我们将努力确保生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展格局。
3．They cannot simply be left on autopilot, especially if one wants to ensure that their benefits are shared widely.(52课如果想确保大部分人都能分享市场经济带来的好处，就更不能放任自流。
)4．Lloyd’s has become famous for some of the unusual things it has insured. 劳埃德之所以有名还因为它对一些非平常的事进行保险。
例如它保险不生双胞胎。
5．For instance Lloyd has insured against the birth of twins. If twins had been born to the family insured, the company would have had to pay a certain amount of money to the parents. 例如它保险不生双胞胎。
外贸函电Unit 09 Sales Promotion销售促进
Hale Waihona Puke Don’ Don’ts in Sales Letter
• • • • Don’t exaggerate Don’t belittle (贬低) your reader Don’t ballyhoo ( (哗众取宠) ) Don’t speak ill of your competitors
7
Examples
• To capture the customer’s Attention ---appropriate way to win their favor • To arouse their Interest ---convincing evidence to sustain their curiosity • To inspire Desire ---enjoying benefits, interest becoming desire • To encourage Action ---asking for cooperation and specifying action
• Although we sent you our catalogue on March 9th we have not received any orders from you, and we should like to know if there is any additional information you require about our products. • 尽管我们3月9日给你们寄去了目录本，但却没有收到你方订 日给你们寄去了目录本， 尽管我们 月 日给你们寄去了目录本 单。我们想知道你方是否需要了解有关我方产品的其他信息 • In order to popularize these products, all the catalogue prices are subject to a special discount of 10% during the month of May only. • 为了推广这些产品，本目录中所有价格在5月份都可打 ％ 为了推广这些产品，本目录中所有价格在 月份都可打 月份都可打10％ 的折扣
2017中石油职称英语真题与答案解析
2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC.severe D.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的 thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC.secretive D. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward 为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC.begin D.discontinue【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
最新中石油通用英语选读(更新)
3.学会倾听。常见的是，我们想的是我们将要说些什么，因此就妨碍了 听取别的与会者说出的合理论点。再有，我们经常只听我们想要听的，而不 是真正地倾听他人的意见。能有效倾听意见的会议是成功的会议。
4.让讨论紧扣主题。往往许多重大问题在会议上容易离题，特别是当每 位与会者对问题意见不同时。如果会前你己预料到会有冲突发生，那就提前 与当事人交换一下意见。如果会议期间有未曾预料到的冲突发生，委派一个 小组委员会对出现的问题予以调査，或者请卷入冲突的人员会后与你再谈。 这样能够让讨论紧扣主题，并尽可能少浪费与会者的宝贵时间。
38.Reservoir Production Mechanisms
39.A $210,000 Wallet
40.Fundamental Techniques in Handling People ..
41.Happiness Index
42.Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You
56.Why to Mark a Book
57.Earth's Last Frontier: The Sea
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记_第1-10课
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (2)2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013新增)【2013阅读题】 (4)3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的 (8)4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013新增) (11)5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料 (16)6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版新增) (19)7. OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条（2007版） (23)8. THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (26)9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成（2016版新增） (30)10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (34)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增）If you are asked to chair【主持，椅子】 a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management【管理，regulation】.如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。
现代商务英语第6章促销(Sales Promotion)
6.3 Hoping Guests Come Again
October 27，2006 Dear Sirs，I hope you were pleased with your conference at the Jinjiang Hotel and that all the participants returned to work with happy memories of your stay here. We certainly enjoy havi ng you and look forward to seeing you again.In addition， we h ave enlarged our service institution， such as an indoor pool， a super ninehole golf court， four paddle tennis courts，thre e saunas，four minibars and a large electronic game hall.If y ou plan a winter conference，you will find that it is a wonderful place for you to carry out winter sports and amusements.Mt.Em ei is only two hours away， and we can provide free transportat ion for you to go there and enjoy snow and skiing.If there is any thing you can suggest that will help us improve our accommoda tion or services， please tell us. I hope to hear from you soon. Yours truly， 6 (signature)
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
52 Sales Promotion 产品促销1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities<推销活动>other than<不同于，除了，绝不是>advertising, personal selling, and publicity<宣传>. As such<因此>, any promotional activities that do not fall under<归入…类> the other three activities of the promotion mix are considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the term indiscriminately<adv不加区分地，无差别，任意地>. Businesspersons may use the term “promotion” when they actually mean “sales promotion.”For purpose here, promotion is a broad term that encompasses<v 包围，环绕，包含或包括某事物>sales promotion as well as the other three promotional activities.1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。
因此，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。
实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这一概念。
商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。
本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。
2. The techniques<手段，技巧> of sales promotion are varied and numerous. The common ones used are coupons<n息票，商家的优惠劵，赠劵>, sweepstakes<n赌金的独得，各种抽采赌博法，彩票>, games, contests, price-offs, demonstrations<示范>, premiums<n额外费用，奖金，奖赏，附加费>, samples, and money refund<返还，退还>offers. A combination of these can be used and sometimes is used in the same campaign<运动>.2、促销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。
普遍运用的手段有附在商品上的赠券、各种抽奖活动、游戏、竞赛、降价销售、产品示范、各种奖励、样品试验以及钱款返还承诺等等。
在同一推销活动中，多种手段可以结合使用，有时也确实结合使用。
3. Sales promotion is temporary<暂时的，临时的> in nature<实际上>. Not being self-sustaining<自我持续>, its function is to supplement<补充> advertising, personal selling, and publicity. To launch<投入，开展> Budweiser beer in Great Britain, Anheuser-Busch employed<利用，运用，雇佣>the “American”theme<主题，题目，话题>. Its TV commercials<adj商业的，贸易的>on the 4th of July and Thanksgiving Day<感恩节> were spots<n斑点，污点，地点，场所，现场v玷污，弄脏，侦查vt认出，发现>filmed<vi拍电影，生薄膜n薄膜，膜层，交卷，影片，电影> in California with American actors. To supplement its advertising effort, the company used a variety of sales-promotion techniques. It made posters, bunting<n（用来装饰街道，房屋等的）旗帜>, flags, pennants<n三角旗，短绳>,T-shirts, and sweatshirts available to pubs and discos for promotional parties. Bud ashtrays<n烟灰缸>, bar towels<酒吧用的毛巾，纸巾，餐巾>, coasters<n垫子，杯托>, football pennants, and similar items were offered for sale. Moreover<此外>, American disc jockeys<无线电唱片音乐节目播音员，主持人> were brought in to program<编排，安排> American music nights.3、从本质上说，促销活动具有时间短暂的特点。
由于其本身没有自我持续的能力，它的作用就是作为广告、个人销售和宣传等推销活动的补充。
为了将百威啤酒打入英国市场，Anheuser-Busch运用了“美国”主题。
7月4日和感恩节的电视广告播的都是美国演员在加利福尼亚拍摄的场景。
为了加强广告力度，该公司运用了大量的促销手段，如制作海报、装饰旗和三角旗等各种旗帜以及T恤衫和汗衫等供促销团体出入酒吧和迪斯科夜总会。
同时它还制作烟灰缸、酒吧餐巾、杯垫子、足球赛用的三角旗以及诸如此类的物品用于销售。
此外，该公司还专门邀请美国电台的音乐节目主持人(disc jockey=D.J.)开办美国音乐之夜。
4. Sales promotion is not restricted to<把…限制在…> the stimulation<n.刺激;激发;启发;促进> of demand at the consumer level. It may be used to gain<获得，赢得> middlemen's support as well. In Order to get Thai middlemen to carry Foremost's dairy products<乳制品>, the company used leasing<vt出租n租借，租约，租期> and conditional sales contracts<合同>to provide small retail<n零售adj零售的vt零售，转述vi零售adv以零售的方式> outlets<n商店> and restaurants with freezers<n冰柜>for $1if contract terms<合同条款> were met<满足>. Foremost also had to convince<说服>these resellers<n再卖商，转卖商>not to store other products in the freezers and not to unplug<v拔去> freezer units at night to save electricity.4、促销不仅局限于拉动消费者的需求，也可以用来赢得中间商的支持。
为了使泰国的中间商销售其乳制品，Foremost公司运用租赁和有条件销售合同以一美元的价格向那些零售小商店和饭店提供冰柜，条件是要满足合同条款。
同时，该公司还得说服这些转卖商不要在冰柜中储存其他产品，并且不要为了省电而在夜间拔去冰柜插座。
5. The use of sales promotion is not limited to consumer products. It can be used with industrial selling too. Misawa Homes promoted its House 55 by sending samples to U.S. Homes and Germany's Okal. Pfizer, like other drug<药品，药物> firms<药品公司>, attracts drug wholesalers<批发商>by sponsoring<vt发起，主办v赞助n发起人，主办者，保证人> trips and other events. Gifts are given to doctors, and doctors' wives are taken on shopping tours.5、促销手段的运用不仅仅限于消费品，它也可以用于工业销售。
Misawa Homes为了推销其House55产品而向美国的Homes公司和德国的Okal公司寄送样品。
Pfizer公司同其他药品公司一样，通过组织旅游和其他活动来吸引药品批发商。
他们向医生们赠送礼品，而且组织医生的夫人们进行购物旅游。
6. The popularity of sales promotion has grown steadily both in the United States and overseas. A survey of executives<经理>conducted by Stimulus, Canada's leading advertising journal<杂志>, revealed<表明> a shift from media advertising to sales promotion. Compared with five years ago, three of five firms had moved to spend more of their advertising budget<预算>on such nonmedia alternative s as trade shows, point-of-purchase displays, and publicity. According to a POPAI-DuPont study of shopping behavior in the United States, almost 70 percent of all non-food purchases<购买> in supermarkets are generated by<源自> in-store decisions<临时决定>. If the same decision-making pattern is prevalent<流行的，盛行的>outside the United States, sales promotion should prove to be just as indispensable<不可缺少的，必不可少的>.6、无论是在美国还是在海外，促销活动越来越受人青睐，而且势头强劲。