产品开发实用英语
市场营销英语词汇大全了解市场营销策略的关键词
市场营销英语词汇大全了解市场营销策略的关键词市场营销是现代商业中至关重要的一部分，是企业推广产品和服务的策略和方法的综合体。
在市场营销领域，有许多关键词和术语需要了解，这些词汇能够帮助人们更好地理解市场和制定有效的营销策略。
本文将介绍一些市场营销英语词汇的大全，帮助读者深入了解市场营销策略的关键词。
一、市场调研与分析1. Market Research（市场调研）: 这是指通过系统地收集、分析和解释有关市场的信息，以了解市场需求、竞争状况等。
2. Consumer Behavior（消费者行为）: 研究消费者在购买产品或服务时的心理、态度、行为和需求，为企业的市场推广提供指导。
3. SWOT Analysis（SWOT分析）: 是指对一个组织的内部条件（优势和劣势）和外部环境（机会和威胁）进行评估和分析。
4. Market Segmentation（市场细分）: 将整个市场按照不同的特征和需求进行划分，以便更好地满足不同消费者的需求。
5. Competitive Analysis（竞争分析）: 研究和评估竞争对手的产品、定价、市场份额等信息，以在竞争中保持竞争优势。
二、产品开发与定价策略1. Product Development（产品开发）: 指开发新产品或改进现有产品，以满足市场需求，并提供独特的竞争优势。
2. Branding（品牌建设）: 建立和推广一个独特的品牌形象，以增强消费者对产品的认知和忠诚度。
3. Product Differentiation（产品差异化）: 通过在产品设计、功能、特点等方面进行差异化，使产品与竞争对手的产品区别开来。
4. Pricing Strategy（定价策略）: 制定合理的产品定价策略，以确保产品能够覆盖成本、满足市场需求，并保持竞争力。
5. Product Lifecycle（产品生命周期）: 描述一个产品从引入市场到退出市场的不同阶段，包括市场增长期、成熟期和衰退期等。
各种职位的英文翻译
各种职位的英文翻译qa是英文quality assurance 的简称，中文含义是质量保证；qc是英文quality control的简称，中文含义是质量控制。
IPQC是过程检验工程师JQE是品质工程师DQA是设计品保工程师SQE供货商管理工程师Administration(行政部分）Administrative Director 行政主管File Clerk 档案管理员Executive Assistant 行政助理Office Manager 办公室经理Executive Secretary 行政秘书Receptionist 接待员General Office Clerk 办公室文员Secretary 秘书Inventory Control Analyst 存货控制分析Staff Assistant 助理Mail Room Supervisor 信件中心管理员Stenographer 速记员Order Entry Clerk 订单输入文员Telephone Operator 电话操作员Shipping/Receiving Expediter 收发督导员Ticket Agent 票务代理Vice-President of Administration 行政副总裁Typist 打字员Executive and Managerial(管理部分)Retail Store Manager 零售店经理Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监HMO Administrator 医疗保险管理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Production Manager 生产经理Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官Property Manager 房地产经理Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官Branch Manager 部门经理Controller(International) 国际监管Claims Examiner 主考官Director of Operations 运营总监Controller(General) 管理员Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员General Manager 总经理Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理President 总统Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Product Manager 产品经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Manager(Non-Profit and Charities) 非盈利性慈善机构管理Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Vice-President 副总裁Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Education and Library Science(教育部分)Daycare Worker 保育员ESL Teacher 第二外语教师Developmental Educator 发展教育家Head Teacher 高级教师Foreign Language Teacher 外语教师Librarian 图书管理员Guidance Counselor 指导顾问Music Teacher 音乐教师Library Technician 图书管理员Nanny 保姆Physical Education Teacher 物理教师Principal 校长School Psychologist 心理咨询教师Teacher 教师Special Needs Educator 特种教育家Teacher Aide 助理教师Art Instructor 艺术教师Computer Teacher 计算机教师College Professor 大学教授Coach 教练员Assistant Dean of Students 助理训导长Archivist 案卷保管员Vocational Counselor 职业顾问Tutor 家教、辅导教师Auditor 审计师Accountant 会计员，会计师Administration Assistant 行政助理Administrator 行政主管Assistant Manager 副经理Assistant Production Manager 副厂长Business Manager 业务经理Cashier 出纳员Chief Accountant 总会计主任Chief Engineer 总工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk 文员（文书）Director 董事Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Executive Director 行政董事Executive Secretary 行政秘书Financial Controller 财务总监Foreman 领班，组长General manager 总经理Junior clerk 低级文员（低级职员）Manager 经理Marketing Executive 市场部主任Marketing Manager 市场部经理Marketing Officer 市场部办公室主任Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Merchandiser 买手（商人）Messenger 信差（邮递员）Office Assistant 写字楼助理（办事员）Plant Manager 厂长Production Manager 厂长Quality Controller 品质控制员（质量检查员）Receptionist 接线生（接线员）Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主任Sales Manager 销售经理Sales Representative 营业代表Salesman 推销员Secretary 秘书Senior Clerk 高级文员（高级职员）Skilled Worker 熟练技工Sub-Manager 副经理Supervisor 主管Surveyor 测量员Telex Operator 电传机操作员Translator 翻译员Typist 打字员1.MAKETING AND SALES(市场与销售部分)Vice-President of Sales 销售副总裁Senior Customer Manager 高级客户经理Sales Manager 销售经理Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理Procurement Manager 采购经理Procurement Agency 采购代办所Sales Assistant 销售助理Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员Real Estate Appraiser 房地产评估师Marketing Consultant 市场顾问Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代表Director of Subsidiary Rights 分公司权利总监Sales Representative 销售代表Assistant Customer Executive 客户管理助理Marketing Intern 市场实习Marketing Director 市场总监Insurance Agent 保险代理人Customer Manager 客户经理Vice-President of Marketing 市场副总裁Regional Customer Manager 地区客户经理Sales Administrator 销售主管Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监Telemarketer 电话销售员Sales Executive 销售执行者Marketing Assistant 市场助理Retail Buyer 零售采购员Real Estate Manager 房地产经理Real Estate Broker 房地产经纪人Purchasing Agent 采购代理Product Developer 产品开发Marketing Manager 市场经理Advertising Coordinator 广告协调员Advertising Assistant 广告助理Ad Copywriter(Direct Mail) 广告文撰写人Customer Representative 客户代表PETER AND MATHEMATICS(计算机部分) Manager of Network Administration 网络管理经理MIS Manager 电脑部经理Project Manager 项目经理Technical Engineer 技术工程师Developmental Engineer 开发工程师Systems Programmer 系统程序员Administrator 局域网管理员Operations Analyst 操作分析Computer Operator 电脑操作员Product Support Manager 产品支持经理Computer Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管Director of Information Services 信息服务主管Systems Engineer 系统工程师Hardware Engineer 硬件工程师Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员Information Analyst 信息分析LAN Systems Analyst 系统分析Statistician 统计员3.HUMAN RESOURCES（人力资源部分）Director of Human Resources 人力资源总监Assistant Personnel Officer 人事助理Compensation Manager 薪酬经理Employment Consultant 招募顾问Facility Manager 后勤经理Job Placement Officer 人员配置专员Labor Relations Specialist 劳动关系专员Recruiter 招聘人员Training Specialist 培训专员Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁助理Personnel Manager 职员经理Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表Personnel Consultant 员工顾问Training Coordinator 培训协调员4 EXECUTIVE AND MANAGERIAL(管理部分)Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官Director of Operations 运营总监Vice-President 副总裁Branch Manager 部门经理Retail Store Manager 零售店经理HMO Product Manager 产品经理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官General Manager 总经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监Controller(International) 国际监管Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Production Manager 生产经理Administrator 医疗保险管理Property Manager 房地产经理Claims Examiner 主考官Controller(General) 管理员Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Advertising Manager 广告经理Travel Agent 旅行代办员Salesperson 销售员Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员／接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange) Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer （计算机）硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff （项目）策划人员Promotional Manager 推销部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购（进货）员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Coordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research & Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员计算机/互联网/通讯Technology/Internet首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理IT Manager信息技术主管IT Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator系统分析员System Analyst高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software Engineer系统工程师System Engineer高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer通信技术工程师Communications EngineerERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant 数据库工程师Database Engineer技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer品质经理QA Manager信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer软件测试工程师Software QA Engineer硬件测试工程师Hardware QA Engineer测试员Test Engineer网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网管System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant销售Sales销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager客户经理Sales Account Manager渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道主管Channel Supervisor销售主管Sales Supervisor销售代表Sales Representative / Executive销售工程师Sales Engineer医药代表Pharmaceutical Sales Representative保险代理Insurance Agent销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee商务经理Business Manager商务专员/助理Business Executive/Assistant销售行政经理Sales Admin. Manager销售行政主管Sales Admin. Supervisor售前/售后技术服务经理Technical Service Manager售前/售后技术服务主管Technical Service Supervisor售前/售后技术服务工程师Technical Service Engineer售后/客户服务（非技术）经理Customer Service Manager 售后/客户服务（非技术）主管Customer Service Supervisor 售后/客户服务（非技术）专员Customer Service Executive 经销商Distributor市场/公关/广告Marketing/PR/Advertising市场/广告总监Marketing/Advertising Director/VP市场/营销经理Marketing Manager市场/营销主管Marketing Supervisor市场/营销专员Marketing Executive/Communication市场助理Marketing Assistant / Trainee产品/品牌经理Product/Brand Manager产品/品牌主管Product/Brand Supervisor市场通路经理Trade Marketing Manager市场通路主管Trade Marketing Supervisor促销经理Promotions Manager促销主管Promotions Supervisor促销员Promotions Specialist市场分析/调研人员Market Analyst/ Research Analyst公关/会务经理Public Relations Manager公关/会务主管Public Relations Supervisor公关/会务专员Public Relations Executive媒介经理Media Manager媒介人员Media Specialist企业/业务发展经理Business Development Manager企业策划人员Corporate Planning广告策划/设计/文案Advertising Creative/Design/Copy writer财务/审计/统计/金融Finance/Accounting/Banking财务总监CFO/Finance Director/VP财务经理Finance Manager财务主管/总帐主管Finance Supervisor会计经理/会计主管Accounting Manager/Supervisor会计Accountant / Accounting Trainee出纳员Cashier财务/会计助理Finance/Accounting Assistant财务分析经理/主管Financial Analysis Manager/Supervisor财务分析员Financial Analyst成本经理/成本主管Cost Accounting Manager/Supervisor成本管理员Cost Accounting Specialist审计经理/主管Audit Manager/Supervisor审计专员/助理Audit Executive/Assistant税务经理/税务主管Tax Manager/Supervisor税务专员Tax Executive证券经纪人Stock Broker投资顾问Investment Advisor注册分析师Certified Investment/Financial Analyst投资/基金项目经理Investment Manager融资经理/融资主管Treasury Manager/Supervisor融资专员Treasury Specialist行长/副行长President/Vice-President/Branch Manager风险控制Risk Management进出口/信用证结算Trading / LC Officer清算人员Settlement Officer外汇主管Foreign Exchange Supervisor高级客户经理/客户经理Senior Relationship Manager客户主管/专员Relationship?Supervisor/Executive信贷/信用调查/分析人员Loan/Credit Officer银行柜台出纳Bank Teller统计员Statistician生产/营运/工程Manufacturing/Operations/Engineering工厂经理/厂长Plant/Factory Manager总工程师/副总工程师Chief Engineer项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目工程师Project Engineer营运经理Operations Manager营运主管Operations Supervisor生产经理/车间主任Production Manager/Workshop Supervisor 生产计划协调员Production Planning Executive/Officer生产主管/督导/领班Production Supervisor/Team Leader技术/工艺设计经理/主管Technical/Industrial Design Mgr./Spvr. 技术/工艺设计工程师Technical/Industrial Design Engineer实验室负责人/工程师Lab Manager/Engineer工程/设备经理Engineering/Facility Manager工程/设备主管Engineering/Facility Supervisor工程/设备工程师Engineering/Facility Engineer电气/电子工程师Electrical/Electronics Engineer机械工程师Mechanical Engineer机电工程师Electrical & Mechanical Engineer维修工程师Maintenance Engineer质量经理QA Manager质量主管QA Supervisor质量工程师QA Engineer质量检验员/测试员QA Inspector认证工程师Certification Engineer安全/健康/环境经理/主管Safety/Health/Environment Manager/Supervisor 安全/健康/环境工程师Safety/Health/Environment Engineer工程绘图员Project Drafting Specialist机械制图员Drafting Specialist化验员Laboratory Technician技工Technician / Engineer Trainee电工Electrician服装打样/制版Clothing/Apparel Sample Production行政/人事/后勤Admin./HR/Support Services行政/人事总监Admin/Human Resources Director人事经理Human Resources Manager人事主管Human Resources Supervisor人事专员Human Resources Specialist人事助理Human Resources Assistant招聘经理/主管Recruiting Manager/Supervisor薪资福利经理/主管Compensation & Benefits Mgr./Supervisor薪资福利专员/助理Compensation & Benefits Specialist/Assistant培训经理/主管Training Manager/Supervisor培训专员/助理Training Specialist/Assistant行政经理/主管/办公室主任Admin Manager/Supervisor/Office Manager行政专员/助理Admin Staff/Assistant经理助理/秘书Executive Assistant/Secretary前台接待/总机Receptionist后勤Office Support资料管理员Information / Data Management Specialist电脑操作员/打字员Computer Operator/Typist高级管理Senior Management首席执行官/总经理CEO/GM/President副总经理Deputy GM/VP/Management Trainee总监Director合伙人Partner总裁/总经理助理CEO/GM/President Assistant物流/贸易/采购Logis./Trading/Merchand./Purch.物流经理Logistics Manager物流主管Logistics Supervisor物流专员/助理Logistics Specialist/Assistant物料经理Materials Manager物料主管Materials Supervisor采购经理Purchasing Manager采购主管Purchasing Supervisor采购员Purchasing Specialist/Staff外贸/贸易经理/主管Trading Manager/Supervisor外贸/贸易专员/助理Trading Specialist/Assistant业务跟单经理Merchandiser Manager高级业务跟单Senior Merchandiser业务跟单Merchandiser助理业务跟单Assistant Merchandiser仓库经理/主管Warehouse Manager仓库管理员Warehouse Specialist运输经理/主管Distribution Manager/Supervisor报关员Customs Specialist单证员documentation Specialist船务人员Shipping Specialist快递员Courier理货员Warehouse Stock Management文字/艺术/设计Writer/Editor/Creative Artist/Designer编辑/作家/撰稿人Editor/Writer记者Journalist / Reporter校对/录入Proofreader/Data Entry Staff排版设计Layout Designer艺术/设计总监Creative/Design Director影视策划/制作人员Entertainment Planning / Production 导演Director摄影师Photographer音效师Recording / Sounds Specialist演员/模特/主持人Actor/Actress/Model/MC平面设计/美术设计Graphic Artist/Designer纺织/服装设计Clothing / Apparel Designer工业/产品设计Industrial Designer工艺品/珠宝设计Artwork/Jewelry Designer科研人员Research Specialist Staff科研管理人员Research Management科研人员Research Specialist Staff律师/法务Legal律师Lawyer法务人员Legal Personnel律师助理Paralegal/Legal Assistant书记员Court Clerk教师Professor/Teacher教师ProfessorTeacher教学/教务管理人员Education/School Administrator助教Teaching Assistant讲师Lecturer家教Tutor医疗/护理Medicine / Nursing医生（中、西医）Medical Doctor医学管理人员Healthcare / Medical Management医药技术人员Medical Technician药库主任/药剂师Pharmacist护士/护理人员Nurse / Nursing Personnel临床协调员Clinical Coodinator临床研究员Clinical Researcher麻醉师Anesthesiologist心理医生Psychologist/Psychiatrist医药学检验Clinical Laboratory咨询/顾问Consultant专业顾问Senior Consultant咨询总监Consulting Director / Partner咨询经理Consulting Manager咨询员Consultant公务员Official公务员Official在校学生Student在校学生Student应届毕业生Graduating Student实习生Intern/Trainee培训生Trainee/Intern培训生Trainee服务Service美容/健身顾问Exercise Coach/Fitness Trainer餐饮/娱乐经理Banquet Services Manager宾馆/酒店经理Reception Manager领班Supervisor服务员Service Staff营业员/收银员/理货员Shop Clerk/Salesperson厨师Chief/Cook导游Tour Guide司机Chauffeur/Driver保安Security寻呼员/话务员Paging Operator建筑/房地产Construction/Real Estate建筑工程师Architect结构/土建工程师Structural Engineer电气工程师Electrical Engineer给排水/暖通工程师Drainage/HVAC Engineer工程造价师/预结算Budgeting Specialist建筑工程管理Construction Management工程监理Engineering Project Supervisor室内外装潢设计Decorator城市规划与设计Urban Design/Planning建筑制图CAD Drafter施工员Construction Crew房地产开发/策划Real Estate Development/Planning 房地产评估Real Estate Appraisal房地产中介/交易Real Estate Agent/Broker物业管理Property Management翻译Translator英语翻译English Translation日语翻译Japanese Translator德语翻译German Translator法语翻译French Translator俄语翻译Russian Translator西班牙语翻译Spanish Translator朝鲜语翻译Korean Translator其他语种翻译Other Language Translator兼职Part Time。
介绍产品时的常用语
1. This model of typewriter is efficient and endurable , economical and practical for middle school students. 2. The computer we produced is characterized by its high quality ,compact-sized, energy-saving and it’ also easy -to-learn and easy-to-operate. 3.They are not only as low-priced as other makers, but they are distinctly superior in the following respects . 4. You will get a 30% increasing production upon using this machine and also it allows one people to perform the task of three people. 5. This product will pay its own way in a year. 6.This machine will pay back your investment in 6 month. 7.The new type of suitcase card designed by our engineers is very ingenious and practical. 8.This kind of bicycle can be folded in half and handy to carry around ,especially useful during traveling and traffic jams. 9.The maximum speed of this kind of variable speed bicycle is 30 K/H . 10.These machines have few breakdowns and easy to maintain because of their simple mechanical structure. 11．Compared with other brands, this kind of tyre cost less per mile and wear much longer due to its topnotch rubber. 12. This kind of tyre is characteristic of nonskid stop on wet road. 13.This material has a durable and easy-to-clean surface. 14.This 14.This kind kind kind of of of air-conditioning air-conditioning air-conditioning system system system is is is practical practical practical and and and economical economical economical for for for the the the needs needs needs of of of your your company. 15.Our products are as superb quality as well as the typical oriental make-up. 16.Our silk garments are made of super pure silk material and by traditional skills. 17. The garments are magnificent and tasteful and have long enjoyed great fame both at home and aboard. 18.As our typewriters are made of light and hard alloy they are both portable and endurable. 19.The hand bags we quoted are all made of the best leather and various the kinds and the styles in order to meet the requirements of all walks of life in your country. 20.As our products have all the feature you need and 20% cheaper compared with that Japanese made ,I strongly recommended to you. acuum 21.V acuum cleaners cleaners cleaners of of of this this this brand brand brand are are are competitive competitive competitive in in in the the the international international international market market market and and and are are are the the the best- best- selling products of their kind. 22. “Forever” multiple speed racing bicycles are sure to be sellable in your market.23. Owning to its superior quality and reasonable price our silk has met with warm reception and quick sale in most European countries. 24.We feel that our product is the best kind in Asia and we can very well compete against Japan in price. 25. Our goods are greatly appreciated in other markets similar to your own. 26.By virtue of its super quality ,this product is often sold out in many areas. 27.Our products are superior in quality and moderate in price and are sure to be sellable in your market. 28.These items are most sellable in our market. 29.There have been a steady demand in our market for this kind of toy. 30.We have the pleasure in recommending you the goods similar to the sample you send. 。
商务英语中常见的词汇汇总
商务英语中常见的词汇汇总商务英语常用词汇中，以字母“P”开头的词语很多，下面做了一个汇总，希望给大家对词汇的熟悉和掌握有帮助。
perceptions of consumers 消费者感知/理解perceptual (product) pisitioning 感知(产品)定位perceptual map 感知图perceptual organization 感知组织perceptual vigilance 感性的警觉performance dimension 业绩标准performance evaluation 业绩评估performance measures 表现/业绩测度performance objective 绩效目标performance standards 绩效标准performance 功能perishability 非持久性personal selling 人员推销personal sources 个人的信息personnel development 人力资源开发persuasive 说服性的pharmaceuticals industry 医药行业physical (product) positioning 物理(产品)定位physical descriptors 物理变量physical distribution 实物分销Pacific Electric 太平洋电气packaging 包装panel of experts 专家小组parentage 渊源parties involved 交换中的各方payment terms 支付条款pay-off control 支出控制peration pricing 渗透定价Pepsi-Cola 百事可乐perceived customer value 顾客感知价值perceived quality 感知到的质量perceived value 感知到的价值percentage of sales promotion budgeting method 销售额百分比促销预算法Pillsbury 皮尔斯博瑞pioneers 先入者Pizza Hut 必胜客place utility 地点效用planning and control system area audit 方案与控制系统领域的审计point of sale information 销售点信息point-of-purhcase (POP) promotion 采购点促销point-of-sales (POS) data 销售点数据pontificator 保守派popularity 通用性population trends 人口趋势portfolio models for resource allocation 资源配置的资产组合模式problem identificatioin 确定问题process management 过程管理Procter & Gamble (P&G) 宝洁公司product line 产品线product availability 产品的可获得性potential target market 潜在目标市场power in distribution 分销权力power of buyers 购置者能力power of suppliers 供给商能力predatory pricing 掠夺性定价法position intensity 地位集中程度positioning 定位possession utility 拥有效用post-purchase dissonance 购置后的不协调post-purchase evaluation 购置后评估post-purchase/after-sale service 售后效劳potential advantages 潜在优势potential customer 潜在顾客potential market 潜在市场primary demand 根本需求primary sources 第一类/主要数据print media 印刷媒体private/for-profit organization 私营/盈利性组织PRIZM (Potential Rating Index for Zip Markets) 按邮政区划为根底的潜力等级指数proactive new-product development strategy 进取型新产品开发战略probability sampling 概率抽样problem formulation 界定问题pre-empting scarce resources 先占稀缺资源preferential treatment 特惠待遇premiums 额外奖励present petitors 现有的竞争者presenting sales message 提供销售信息pre-test market research 测试前市场研究price discrimination 价格歧视price elasticity of demand 需求的价格弹性price fixing 价格设定price leaders 价格领导者price lining 价格排列定价法price promotion 价格促销price quotation 报价price sensitivity 价格敏感度price structure 价格构造price 价格price/earnings ration 价格/收益比price-off promotions 降价促销price-setting process 定价过程pricing adjustments 定价调整pricing policies 价格策略pricing 定价product category 产品类别product class 产品类别product decisions 产品决策product design 产品设计product development 产品开发product dimension or attributes 产品维度/属性product evolution 产品演变product features 产品特征product intent share 产品倾向份额product leadership 产品领导能力product life cycle (PLC) 产品生命周期product life cycle curve 产品生命周期曲线product line 产品线product manager audit 产品经理审计product offering 供给品product organizaiton of salesforce 按产品组织销售队伍product usage 产品用途product 产品product(ion)-oriented organization 产品/生产导向型组织public relations 公共关系public utilities 公共设施publicity 公共宣传pull strategy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的拉式战略pupil dilation 瞳孔扩张purchase predisposition 购置倾向purchasing agent 采购代理purchasing contract 采购合同purchasing manager/agent 采购经理/代理purchasing power perity (PPP) 购置力平价指数push money/spiffs 佣金push stragtegy for control of distribution channels 分销渠道控制的推式战略production 生产product-line pricing adjustments 产品线定价调整product-management organizational structure 产品管理组织构造product-market entry control 产品-市场进入控制product-related behavioral descriptors 与产品相关的行为变量product's market characteristics 产品的市场特征product-use testing 产品使用测试pro-environment 环保profit impact of market strategy (PIMS) 市场战略的利润影响profitability analysis 盈利性分析profitability 盈利性/盈利能力profitable survivor strategy 有利可图的生存者战略project-pany resource patibility 工程与公司资源的协调性projected profit-and-loss statement 预计损益表projective tests 投影测试promotion decisions 促销决策promotion mix 促销组合promotion policies 促销策略promotion 促销promotional allowance 促销折让promotional effort 促销努力promotional pricing 促销定价product policies 产品策略product positioning 产品定位product quality 产品质量product scope 产品范围product space 产品位置product specifications 产品规格product systems 产品体系product type 产品类型promptness 及时性propector strategy 探索型战略prospecting for customers 寻找顾客psychographics 心理统计特征psychological cost 心理本钱psychological pricing 心理定价法public organization 公共组织。
工业设计常用工艺词汇中英文对照
工业设计常用工艺词汇中英文对照工业设计常用工艺词汇中英文对照整理：工业设计课吕健安目录一、表面处理技术英文词汇 (1)二、表面处理不良英文词汇 (3)三、工业设计英文词汇 (4)四、模具制造和五金加工英文词汇 (8)五、模具塑胶缺陷英语词汇 (10)六、模具、塑胶原料英语词汇 (11)七、常用印刷工艺英语词汇 (12)一、表面处理技术英文词汇1. 高亮光 hi-glossy2. 亚光 honed（石材）；matte（瓷砖）；Dull3. 亮光 glossy；shine4. 半光（亚光） semi dull5. 全消光 full dull6. 亚光黑色 Matte black7. 变色 color changing8. 拉丝 Brushed9. 金属拉丝 brushed metal10. 光面 Smooth surface11. 喷油 spray12. 电镀 electroplate13. 喷砂处理 sand blast14. 金属喷镀法 metallikon15. 真空涂膜 metallizing16. 表面蚀刻 etching17. 阳极氧化处理 anodizing18. 蚀纹 erode grain19. 抛光 polishing20. 磨砂玻璃 frosted glass；depolished glass21. 磨砂 milled（表面的磨砂效果)22. 磨砂铜 brushed brass23. 磨砂面纯银效果 silver brushed finish24. 倒角 chamfer25. 圆角 round corner26. 轮廓 contour27. 样板，仿形 copy28. 设计，方案 design29. 表面，外观 face30. 利边 sharp edge31. 金属氧化 Metal oxide s32. 着色处理 color coated treatment33. 丝印 silk-screen34. 菲林 film35. 工艺 technics36. 外观 appearance; Exterior; appearance; face37. 水转印 water transfer printing38. 水转印膜 water transfer printing film39. 纹理 Textures40. 木纹 wood grain41. UV油 UV oil42. 铬 chrome43. 镀铬 chromate treatment；chrome-plating；chroming；Chromium-plating44. 镀三价铬(枪色) Plating of trivalent chromium45. 枪色 rifle color coating；Gun color46. 深色 dark color47. 浅色 light color48. 激光雕刻 Laser engraving49. 双面激光雕刻 double-sided laser engraving50. 背面 back51. 装饰 ornamental；decorate；Decorative52. 透明红色 Transparent red53. 镜片 lens；Optic54. 模内抛光 Mold polishing55. 印刷 printing56. 印刷油墨 printing ink57. 丝网 screen mesh58. 丝网印刷 screen printing59. 移印 tempo printing；pad printing60. 丝网印版 screen printing forme61. 漏印 through printing62. 印刷网框 screen printing frame63. 丝网类型 type of screen, type of mesh64. 涂饰 Coating65. 烫金 Hot Stamping66. 烫金膜 Hot Stamping foil67. 印刷油墨 Printing Ink二、表面处理不良英文词汇1. 飞油、喷油过多 over spray2. 喷油不足、起牙边 under spray3. 喷油表面不均匀 uneven spray4. 喷油不良 poor spray5. 喷油表面刮花 scratch painting6. 喷油表面粘尘 dust painting7. 外来油污 foreign paint8. 喷油反底（露底色） paint insufficient coverage9. 喷油擦花 paint abraded10. 喷油拖花 painting smear11. 漏喷油 missing painting12. 甩油/起皮 painting peel off13. 橙皮油 orange peel14. 聚油 paint accumulation15. 叻架积油 lacquer accumulation16. 喷油表面起泡 bubble paint17. 补油不良 poor re-paint18. 喷油水渍 water stain mark19. 喷油颜色不配对 paint color mismatch20. 喷油颜色分歧错误称 paint color misalignment21. 喷油颜色有差别 paint color deviation22. 喷油哑色 paint color dull23. 喷油颜色有光泽 paint color shine24. 喷油表面不光滑 rough surface on coating25. 油料深色 dark paint26. 漆油喷涂不良 poor paint27. 油漆外层不良 poor coating28. 喷油完成不良 poor finishing29. 磨擦甩油 color migration30. 涂油 painting31. 喷油 spraying32. 丝印不良 poor silk screen printing33. 印油过多 over print34. 印油不足 under printing35. 印刷不良 poor printing36. 热烫不良 poor hot stamp37. 热烫过多 over stamp38. 热烫不足 under stamp39. 移印位置不准确 tempo paint dislocate40. 移印油过多 over tempo41. 移印油不足 under tempo42. 移印不良 poor tempo43. 移印刮花 tempo scratching44. 移印不完整、缺油 incomplete tempo painting45. 移印不清晰、朦 tempo illegible46. 移印颜色不同 tempo painting mismatch47. 移印套色偏移 tempo painting off set48. 漏移印 missing tempo49. 移印移位 tempo off position50. 油漆不干 paint damped51. 喷错油 spraying wrong52. 电镀不良 poor electro-plating53. 电镀过多 over plating54. 电镀变黄 electro-plating yellow55. 电镀脱落 electro-plating peel off56. 电镀擦花 electro-plating abraded57. 电镀彩虹色 electro-plating rainbow58. 电镀阴阳色 electro-plating shadow59. 电镀发黑 electro-plating black60. 氧化 oxidation三、工业设计英文词汇1. 设计 Design2. 现代设计 Modern Design3. 工艺美术设计 Craft Design4. 工业设计 Industrial Design5. 产品设计 Product Design6. 包装设计 Packaging Design7. 结构设计 Structure Design8. 概念设计 Concept Design9. 改型设计 Model Change10. 工艺设计 Technological Design11. 成套化设计 Set Design12. 超小型设计 Compact type13. 袖珍型设计 Pocketable Type14. 便携型设计 Portable type15. 系列化设计 Series Design16. 组合式设计 Unit Design17. 仿生设计 Bionics Design18. 结构设计 Structure Design19. 图形设计 Graphic Design20. 视觉设计 Visual Design21. 形式设计 Form Design22. 工艺设计 Technological Design23. 改型设计 Model Change24. 照明设计 Illumination Design25. 视觉传达设计 Visual Communication Design26. 字体设计 Lettering design27. 二维设计 Two-dimension Design28. 三维设计 Three-dimension Design29. 设计语言 Design Language30. 设计条件 Design Condition31. 装饰、装潢 Decoration32. 设计方法论 Design Methodology33. 设计语言 Design Language34. 设计条件 Design Condition35. 设计过程 Design Process36. 设计调查 Design Survey37. 功能分析 Functional Analysis38. 生命周期 Life Cycle39. 外观饰面 Facing40. 设计美学 Design Aesthetics41. 人类工程学 Human Engineering42. 造型艺术 Plastic Arts43. 机械美 Beauty of Machine44. 功能美 Functional Beauty45. 材料美 Beauty of Material46. 平衡 Balance47. 对称 Symmetry48. 协调 Harmony49. 对比 Contrast50. 类似 Similarity51. 比例 Proportion52. 黄金分割 Golden Section53. 变形 Deformation54. 表现 Expression55. 构成 Composition56. 纹样 Pattern57. 形态 Form58. 设计素描 Design Sketch59. 制造原形 Prototype60. 模型 Model61. 仿真模型 Finished Model62. 实体模型 Solid Model63. 石膏模型 Plaster Model64. 计算机三维动画 Computer Three Dimensional Animation65. 图形与背景 Figure and ground66. 产品开发 Product Development67. 产品改型 Model Change68. 产品测试 Product Testing69. 产品成本 Product Cost70. 促销 Sales Promotion71. 产品形象 Product identity72. 形象策略 Image Strategy73. 设计策略 Design Policy74. 艺术总监 Art Director75. 明度 Valve76. 彩度 Chroma77. 色相 Hue78. 色温 Color temperature79. 有彩色 Chromatic color80. 无彩色 Achromatic colors81. 明色 Light color82. 暗色 Dark color83. 图形符号 Graphic symbol84. 符号论 Semiotic85. 视觉符号 Visual sign86. 符号 Sign87. 宣传 Propaganda88. 广告 Advertising89. 企业形象 Corporate identity90. 企业标准色 Company color91. 标签 Label92. 包装 Pack93. 包装 Package94. 工业包装 Industrial packing95. 博览会 Exposition96. 商品目录 Catalogue97. 广告计划 Advertising planning98. 广告效果 Advertising Effect99. 象征/符号 Symbol100. 象征标志 Symbol mark101. 版面设计 Layout102. 广告摄影Advertising photography 103. 设计费Design Fee设计法规与标准（英）104. 工业产权Industrial Property 105. 知识产权Intellectual Property 106. 注册商标 Registered Trade Mark 107. 专利 Patent 108. 发明专利 Patent for Invention 109. 外观设计专利 Patent for Design 110. 实用新型 Utility Model设计思潮与流派（英）111. 古典主义 Classicism112. 现实主义 Realism113. 新艺术运动 Art Nouveau114. 流线型风格 Streamlined Forms115. 国际风格 International Style116. 功能主义 Functionalism117. 包豪斯 Bauhaus118. 现代主义 Modernism119. 极少主义 Minimalism120. 概念主义 Conceptualism121. 超级写实主义 Super Realism四、模具和五金加工英文词汇1. 模具 Mold2. 模芯 Mold core3. 压模 Pressing dies4. 注塑模 injection mould5. 凹凸模 punch-cum-blanking die6. 嵌入式凹模 inserted die7. 定模和动模 fixed half and moving half8. 模具分型线 mould split line9. 直接脱模 in-line-of-draw10. 嵌件 insert11. 硬件 hardware12. 型腔 impression13. 电铸 electroform；Electro-deposition14. 电镀 Galvanized；Electroplate15. 铸造 Foundry16. 锻造 forge17. 粗砂 rough sand18. 脱模 Mold release19. 化学电镀 chemical plating20. 电化学加工 electrochemical machining21. 铸造 Casting22. 切削加工 Cutting23. 挤出成型 Squeezing24. 木材工艺 Woodcraft25. 喷涂成型 Spray Up26. 铸塑成型 Casting27. 压缩成型 Compression Molding Pressing28. 注射 injection29. 轮廓 contour30. 使弯曲 curve31. 扭曲 distort32. 切断，夹住 clip33. 冷挤压 cold hobbing34. (使)变形，扭曲 distort35. 轮廓 profile36. 冲孔 punch37. 斜角 Bevel38. 凹槽 Groove39. 边框 Frame Front40. 逆时针 Counter Clockwise41. 垂直的 Perpendicular42. 螺丝 Screw43. 规格 Specification44. 粗糙的 Rough45. 锥形 taper; cone46. 首选的 Preferred47. 阴影线 Hatching48. 表面 Surface49. 中心，圆心 Center(CEN)50. 角度 Angle51. 有角的 angular52. 凹穴 depression53. 细节，详情 detail54. 边缘 edge55. 制图 drawing56. 特色,特征 feature57. 裂口,间隙 gap58. 图解的 graphic59. 六角形的,六角的 hexagonal60. 智能的 intelligent61. 安装 installation62. 结合线 joint line63. 未加工的 raw64. 凹槽,凹座,凹进处 recess65. 凹入的 re-entrant66. 阴影的 shaded67. 槽 slot68. 毛坯，坯料 stock69. 高度 Height70. 硬度 Hardness71. 布氏硬度值 Brinell Hardness Number72. 强度 strength73. 减，减去 subtract74. 螺纹 thread75. 处理 treatment76. 侧视图 side view；side elevation77. 正视图 front view78. 断面图、截面图、剖视图 sectional view79. 初步的，预备的 preliminary80. 注塑件 molding81. 毛刺 burr82. 板金工 Sheet metal Work83. 光洁度 Glossiness；gloss finish84. 外观 Surface；Appearance85. 颜色标准 Color standard86. 尺寸过大 Over dimension87. 尺寸过小 Under dimension88. 缩影 Sink marks五、塑胶产品缺陷英语词汇1. 橘皮状表皮皱摺 surface roughening2. 刮伤/划痕 scratch3. 疤痕 scar4. 凹陷 riding5. 斑点 mottle6. 压痕 indentation7. 刮伤 flaw8. 流痕 flow mark9. 毛边 galling10. 光滑 glazing11. 裂纹 fissure12. 褪色 fading13. 变形 deformation14. 色斑 color mottle15. 腐蚀 corrosion16. 毛边 burr17. 泛白 blushing18. 色差 aberration19. 光泽 gloss20. 表面白斑 White patches on surface21. 银纹 Silver marks / silver streak22. 水纹 Splay mark23. 翘曲 Warp age /warped24. 收缩 Shrinkage/shrink25. 颜色差异 Off color六、模具、塑胶材料英语词汇1. 材料 Material2. 原材料 raw material3. 材料规划 Material Planning4. 材料评价 Material Appraisal5. 加工材料 Processing Materials6. 铝 aluminum7. 电化铝 Alumite8. 颜料 Artist Color9. 黄铜 brass10. 铸铝 Casting aluminum11. 铸钢 Casting steel12. 陶瓷制品 ceramic13. 橡胶 rubber14. 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal15. 有色金属 Nonferrous Metal16. 有机材料 Organic Materials17. 金属材料 Metal Materials18. 无机材料 Inorganic Materials19. 复合材料 Composite Materials20. 天然材料 Natural Materials21. 塑料 Plastics22. 通用塑料 Wide Plastics23. 工程塑料 Engineering Plastics24. 热塑性树脂 Thermoplastic Resin25. 烫金膜 Hot Stamping foil26. 涂料，油漆 Paints27. 玻璃 Glass28. 搪瓷、珐琅 Enamel29. ABS树脂 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Resin30. 硅树脂 Silicone Resin31. 聚氨酯树脂 Polyurethane Resin32. 著色剂 colorant33. 调色 color matching34. 色母料 color master batch35. 塑胶 plastic36. 热熔性塑胶 thermosetting plastic37. 聚氯乙烯PVC polyvinylchloride38. 聚乙烯PE polythene39. 聚氨基甲酸酯PU polyurethane40. 聚丙烯PP polypropylene41. 聚碳酸酯PC polycarbonate42. 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate,43. 工程塑胶 engineering plastics44. 压克力 acrylic45. 颜料 Pigment46. 染料 Dye七、常用印刷英语词汇常见印刷工艺和材料英语词汇1. 表面处理 coating，finishing2. 光胶 gloss lamination3. 亚胶 matte lamination4. 植毛 flocking5. 菲林 film6. 边着色 painted edge7. 烫金 foil stamping8. 压纹 line embossed9. 击凸 embossing10. 吸塑油 blister varnish11. 隐性油 invisible UV12. 局部UV spot UV13. 丝印 silk screen14. 金粉 glittering15. 珍珠油 bronzing varnish16. 环保吸塑 ENV heat-seal17. 环保磨光 ENV calendering18. 特別 UV special UV coating19. 亚油 matte varnish20. 水油 AQU varnish21. 印油 press varnish22. UV UV varnish23. 夜光油 glowing dark24. 出版 Output25. 排版 Impose the layout26. 骑马订 saddle stitching27. 加光(M.F.) machine finish28. 胶装 notch binding29. 胶粘装订 glue binding30. 折页 folding31. 配页 assemble32. 插页 insert33. 折叠式插页 folded insert34. 烫背 back baking35. 压槽 knocking out the groove36. 裁切 cutting37. 刷胶 brush glue38. 覆膜 laminating39. 压光 calendering40. 套烫 register gilt41. 凹凸印 embossing42. 擦金 bronzing43. 模切 die cutting44. 封皮 cover45. 扉页 fly page46. 书壳 book case47. 样品，样本 Specimen48. 盒 box49. 天地盒 lid and base box50. 商标 Logo51. 手册 Manual；enchiridion52. 特种纸 Fancy paper53. 铜版纸 Gloss art paper (80gsm -157gsm)54. 原色牛皮 bleached Kraft paper55. 白色牛皮 kraft paper56. 布纹纸 Arlin57. 双灰板 Grey board (350gsm -3500gsm) or Chipboard58. 瓦楞纸 Flute or corrugate59. 胶贴纸 Sticker (85gsm) including removable sticker and permanentsticker60. 单粉咭 C1S art paper (170gsm) or C1S art board (190gsm -450gsm)61. 书写纸Wood free paper (60gsm -120gsm) wood free board(>120gsm62. 粉灰咭 CCNB board (230gsm -500gsm)常见印刷缺陷英语词汇63. 无胶水 No glue64. 有阴影 Shadowing65. 胶水痕迹 Glue mark66. 折叠破裂 Cracked folds67. 上光不良 Poor coating68. 太软 Over softness69. 爆线 Seam broken70. 水渍 Water mark71. 盒开口 Glue end flap open72. 墨色 Ink color73. 油墨浓度 Ink density74. 印刷不良 Poor printing75. 样品有缺陷 Defect sample76. 印错,印刷错误 Misprint77. 纸毛 (linty) Linting78. 色偏(颜色改变) Color shift79. 溅墨 misting常见印刷机械英语词汇80. 印刷机 printing press81. 双面单色印刷机 perfecting press82. 双面多色印刷机 multicolour perfecting press83. 多色印刷机 multi－colour printing press84. 双色印刷机 two－colour printing press85. 单色印刷机 single－colour printing press86. 圆压圆印刷机 rotary printing press87. 往复转印刷机 reversible printing press88. 二回转印刷机 two－revolution printing press89. 一回转印刷机 single－revolution printing press90. 停回转印刷机 stop－cylinder printing press91. 圆压平印刷机(或称平台印刷机 flat－bed cylinder press92. 平压平印刷机 platen press93. 卷筒纸印刷机 roll－fed printing press94. 单张纸印刷机 sheet－fed printing press95. 丝网印刷机 screen－process printing press96. 凹版印刷机 intaglio printing press97. 平版印刷机 planographic press98. 凸版印刷机 relief printing press99. 印刷速度 printing speed100. 印刷过程 printing process。
公司产品介绍必备英文术语
公司产品介绍必备英文术语1. Product Features（产品特点）Innovation（创新）Quality（质量）Performance（性能）Durability（耐用性）UserFriendly（易用性）2. Target Market（目标市场）Demographics（人口统计）Geographics（地理分布）Psychographics（心理特征）3. Competitive Advantage（竞争优势）Price（价格）Brand Reputation（品牌声誉）Customization（定制化）AfterSales Service（售后服务）4. Product Lifecycle（产品生命周期）Introduction Stage（引入期）Growth Stage（成长期）Maturity Stage（成熟期）Decline Stage（衰退期）5. Marketing Strategies（营销策略）Online Marketing（线上营销）Offline Marketing（线下营销）Content Marketing（内容营销）Social Media Marketing（社交媒体营销）6. Distribution Channels（分销渠道）Direct Sales（直销）Indirect Sales（间接销售）Retailers（零售商）7. Pricing Strategy（定价策略）CostBased Pricing（成本导向定价）ValueBased Pricing（价值导向定价）Penetration Pricing（渗透定价）Skimming Pricing（撇脂定价）当然，让我们继续深入探讨这些术语在实际应用中的更多细节。
8. Customer Engagement（客户参与）Feedback Loop（反馈循环）Customer Surveys（客户调查）User Reviews（用户评价）Community Building（社区建设）9. Technical Specifications（技术规格）Dimensions（尺寸）Materials（材料）Power Requirements（电源需求）Compatibility（兼容性）Certifications（认证）10. Sales Forecasting（销售预测）Market Analysis（市场分析）Trend Analysis（趋势分析）Historical Data（历史数据）Sales Funnel（销售漏斗）11. Product Development（产品开发）Research and Development（研发）Prototyping（原型制作）Beta Testing（beta测试）Iteration（迭代）12. Intellectual Property（知识产权）Patents（专利）Trademarks（商标）Copyrights（版权）Trade Secrets（商业秘密）13. Supply Chain Management（供应链管理） Procurement（采购）Inventory Management（库存管理）Logistics（物流）Vendor Management（供应商管理）14. International Trade（国际贸易）Import and Export（进出口）Tariffs and Duties（关税和税费）International Shipping（国际运输）Currency Exchange（货币兑换）15. Customer Support（客户支持）Help Desk（帮助台）Warranty Services（保修服务）Training and Support（培训与支持）Multilingual Support（多语言支持）在使用这些术语时，记得要将它们融入到生动的案例和故事中，这样不仅能更好地吸引听众的注意力，还能帮助他们更深刻地理解您的产品。
产品设计常用英语
A.O.D 有偏差接收Accessory 附件ACCOUNTING 会计Accounting 会计Actuate switch 启动开关Adapter 火牛Adhesive tape 胶粘带Adjustor调节器Agitator 搅拌器Air intel进气口Aluminum foil tape 铝箔带Anchor锚Appearance外观Approve认可AQL 允收水准Armature电枢/转子Assembly装配B.O.M 物料清单Ball holder铜珠套筒Bar code 条形码Barbed connector 有倒扣的连接片Bar棒Battery cave cover电池盒/盖Battery cave电池底壳Battery tag电池片Battery电池Bearing-lock轴承-锁Bearing轴承Belt皮带Bit guard防护罩Bit storage批嘴储存件Bit铁嘴Blocks 量块Block量块BMC 工具盒Bottle connector瓶口连接Bottom cabinet-charger充电座底壳Bottom底部Box 箱BOX 组件Bracket固定架/支架Brand label商标贴纸Bristle brush毛刷Bristle holder毛刷(柄)Brush roller 毛刷巻轴Brush刷子/碳刷Bubble lever 水平珠Bucket箱Bulb reflector 电灯反射器Bulb support电灯泡支撑座Bundle捆/扎Burr毛刺Bushing-bearing lock轴套锁製Bushing-case adaptor轴套外套适配器Bush-output shaft带轴套的输出轴Bush轴套Button按钮Cabinet-cover面壳Cabinet-support底壳Cabinet壳Cable clamp plate电线夹片Cable电缆Calibration校正Calibration校正Caliper 卡尺Caliper卡尺Cam plate偏心片Cam凸轮Cap杯帽Carbon film resistor碳膜电阻Card 卡片Card卡片Carrying strip手带Carton箱Case箱Cavity模腔Cell电池Charger bracket充电座支架Charger充电座/器Check 检查Chuck 锁头Circuit ass’y循环装置Comformity 合格Cord 电线Cover 上盖Current 电流cycle 循环defect 缺陷description名称Dial indication 百分表die cast 铸件dimention 尺寸dispose 处理Drill 电钻driver 电批electric 电气件Fasten-knob钮扣状旋钮Felt seal毛毡封Ferrite bead磁珠Fibre glass sleeve玻纤套Field 定子线圈Filler填空件Filter bag bracker 过滤袋支架Filter frame过滤栏架filter 滤网Filter过滤器finished 表面处理Finished完成的First layer internal gear第一层内齿轮圈First layer sun gear第一层行星齿轮Fitting装配Fit配合Flash闪光/披锋Flex hose弯管/软管Flow mark流痕Foam holder泡沫支架Force力Frequency频率Front cover cabinet 前面壳Front grill前脚架Front housing-gear box牙箱前壳Front support cabinet前底壳Function功能Fuse clip保险管夹Fuse P.C.B ass’y 保险丝底板组件Fuse保险丝futtonal 功能Gasket 垫片/圈Gate水口Gauge 量规Gear box adaptor牙箱调整装置Gear box housing 牙箱壳Gear housing cover牙箱盖Gear齿轮Gift box 彩盒Go-no go gauge通止规Grass trimmer剪草机Grease leak 漏油Grease油脂Handle catch手柄扣Handle grip手柄Hardness硬度Heat sink散热器Heat treatment 热处理Hex nut六角螺帽HI-POT高压测试Holder cover支座盖Holder支座Hole test 内径千分尺Hose elbow弯管Hose wrap plate软管扎带Housing cover机壳上盖Housing handle机壳手柄Housing support机壳底座Housing壳I.N.T接触不良I.R 检查报告IC集成电路Idler gear-A变速齿轮“A”Idler gear-B变速齿轮“B”Idler shaftImpact drill(cap)冲击钻(杯) Impeller风扇叶Indicator cover指示器盖Indicator switch knob指示开关旋钮Injection注射Insert refill bottle插入式替换瓶Insert型芯/插入Inspection检验Instruction manual 说明书Instrument 仪器Insultator绝缘体Inverted retaining ring 反向保持介子Key holder锁匙支架Key锁匙Label标签Lanyard手带Latch锁扣/门锁Led发光二极管Left head screw左牙螺丝Lens透镜Leveler accessory水平珠组件Leveler body水平珠本体Leveler cover水平珠盖Lever oil水平珠油Lever-speed change调速杆Lever控制杆Location spacer定位隔离器Louver天窗Lubricant润滑油M.O 订单Machine screw机器螺丝Mark 标记Massage ring按摩环Material材料Metal washer ring 金属介子Metal金属Micrometer千分尺Miltimeter 万用表Model型号Motor 电机Motor accessory马达组件Motor bracket 马达支架Motor fixity-external马达外定位件Motor fixity-internal马达内定位件Motor mounting bracket马达定位架Motor mounting马达定位Motor pulley 马达滑轮Mounting plate杯片Multimeter 万用表Nameplate 铭牌Nonconformity不合格/不一致Nut 螺母O-ring 胶圈Output shaft 轴芯，输出轴Oven 烤炉P&A 人事P.C.B 电路板p/p cover电池盒上座p/p support 电池盒底座Packing 包装Part line 分型线part 零件pedestal台座，基座，垫座PIE 生产工业工程pin 小轴/销pin gauge 芯棒pinion 小齿轮pinion-motor马达牙仔Pivot tube 转轴套plain washer-motor平面介子plant gear 行星齿轮plastic gear塑胶齿轮plastic tape胶纸plastic washer胶介子Plastic 塑胶plate 片plug插头PMC 物料控制Poly bag 塑料袋powder metal粉末冶金Power pack 电池组power功率Project management项目管理projector 投影仪Pulley flange 滑轮法兰pulley flange泵翼purchasing 采购purchasing按钮push rod推杆PVC sleeve PVC套管PVC tube PVC套管QA 质量保证QC 质量控制R&D 工程研发R.O. 接收单Ratchet plate转轮片Ratchet 转轮Rating额定值Rear cover cabinet后面盖Rear housing-gear box牙箱后壳Rear support cabinet后底盖Receptacle 插座Rectifier整流器Recycling label环保标签Reflector cap反光杯Reject退货Remark备注/注释Resistor电阻Reverse反向Revise更改Rework加工Ring 垫圈Ring bolt有环螺钉Ring gear内齿轮圈Rocker switch摇杆开关Roller滚筒/辊子Rotary cap旋转杯Rotor转子Run-out跳动rusty 铸跡rusty生锈的Safety switch安全开关Sampling抽样Sander base磨沙机底座Scrap报废Scratch刮花Screwdriver bit批嘴Screwdriver电批Screw螺丝SDS来货检验资料Second layer internal gear第二层内齿轮圈Second layer planet gear第二层行星齿轮Second layer run gear第二层恒星齿轮Secondary blower flangeSelf-tapping screw自攻螺丝SER 样本评估报告shaft 轴Shaft轴芯Sharp edge锐边Sheet 纸/表格Shrinkable sleeve热缩管Silkscreen 丝印Sinkage缩水Sketch简图Sleeve套子Sliding rod滑动杆Socket (jack)插座Solution tank溶解槽Sort分类Spacer隔离件Speed change knob变速钮Speed速度Spindle gear-A转动齿轮“A”Spindle gear-B转动齿轮“B”Spindle轴芯Spine-ball刺珠Sponge海绵Spotter nozzle定心喷嘴Spring clip弹性夹子Spring plate弹弓片Spring washer弹性介子Spring-torque control扭力控制弹簧Spring弹弓Stator定子Steel roller钢辊子Stopper-motor马达制动Stopper-right右制动Sun gear恒星/太阳齿轮Support cabinet下壳Support下盖Switch button (knob)开关按钮Switch lock锁掣Switch 开关Tape带Tapping type攻牙形式Terminal holder接触片支座Terminal接触片terms 术语Term术语/期间Testure 纹理Thermal protector热保护器Thermal-fuse热感应保险丝Thermostat热敏开关Third layer internal gear第三层内齿轮圈Third layer planet gear第三层行星齿轮Third layer sun gear 第三层恒星齿轮Thread 螺纹Timer定时器Tolerance 公差Top cabinet-charger 充电座面壳Top上部torque meter 扭力表Torque control knob 扭力调节器Torque meter扭力表Torque 扭矩Transformer变压器Heat treatment 热处理Trimmer 剪草机Twisting screwdriver螺旋形电批UL approvel power cord UL认可的电线UL wire AWG 16 black UL16号黑色电线UL wire AWG 16 red UL16号红色电线Unit & accessory主机及附件Urgent紧急U-spring U型弹弓Vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器Variable speed switch变速开关Vibration振动Voltage电压W/o battery paper sleeve 无纸套电池Wall anchors挂墙胶条Washer ring-motor马达介子Washer-ball cover玻璃盖处的介子Washer-clutch扭力杯处的介子Washer-ring环形介子Washer垫片Weld line 夹水纹Zener diode齐纳二极管。
写一封关于介绍公司产品的开发信英语作文
写一封关于介绍公司产品的开发信英语作文Subject: Introduction of our new product developmentDear valued customers,We are excited to announce the launch of our latest product development, which we believe will revolutionize the industry. Our team of experts has been working tirelessly to bring this innovative product to market, and we are thrilled to finally share it with you.Our new product is a cutting-edge solution that addresses the growing needs of our customers in a fast-paced andever-evolving market. We have taken into consideration the feedback and suggestions from our loyal customers, and have designed this product to meet and exceed your expectations.Some key features of our new product include:- Enhanced performance and functionality- Improved user experience and interface- Advanced security measures to protect your data- Compatibility with the latest technologies and devices- Customizable options to suit your specific requirementsWe are confident that our new product will not only meet your needs but also exceed your expectations. We have put in countless hours of research, development, and testing to ensure that this product delivers the highest quality and value for our customers.We invite you to experience our new product firsthand and see for yourself the difference it can make for your business. We are confident that once you try it, you will wonder how you ever managed without it.Thank you for your continued support and trust in our company. We look forward to hearing your feedback and seeing the positive impact our new product will have on your business.Sincerely,[Your Name][Your Title][Company Name]。
产品开发英语怎么说
产品开发英语怎么说产品开发是指个人、科研机构、企业、学校、金融机构等，创造性研制新产品，或者改良原有产品。
那么你知道产品开发用英语怎么说吗?下面店铺为大家带来产品开发的英语说法，供大家参考学习。
产品开发的英语说法：product development产品开发相关英语表达：新产品开发 New Product Development产品开发团队 Product Development Team电子产品开发 Altium Designer产品开发管理 Managing Product Development产品开发流程 Product Development Process快速产品开发 Rapid Product Development产品开发总监 Director of System Development产品开发的英语例句：1. Product development in this direction has not been entirely dormant.这一产品开发工作并非整个处于蛰伏状态.2. A similar approach can be taken in product development.在产品开发过程中,存在着同样的道理.3. Spillovers between R & D , product development and manufacturing be lost if manufacturers leave.假如制造商都离开了, 研发、产品开发和生产等环节间的溢出效应就会丧失.4. Participate in new product development and current production optimization.参与新产品开发和现有产品的改进.5. Perfect inspection and test means, complete and efficient product development system.拥有完善的检验和试验手段, 形成了完整高效的产品开发体系.6. A strong product development ability and good sense of service.有雄厚的产品开发能力和优良的服务意识.7. Coordinate with Engineering team to Improve Product design activities and development projects.协助改进公司工程管理方面的程序,支持产品设计和产品开发.8. Chair the Manufacturing Transfer meeting after the completion of product development.在产品开发完成之后主持制造业调动会议.9. Circuit design, product development. Controller design and manufacture of special features.电路设计, 产品开发. 特殊功能控制器设计制造.10. Foolwing up with the company development plan new product design.产品开发设计:根据公司产品设计开发计划,负责相关产品的设计开发.11. It provides reference for the designing of man - made wool - like yarn.可为化纤仿毛的纱线结构设计及产品开发等方面提供参考.12. Responsible for the development and plan of new products.负责制定新产品开发和实施计划.13. Background of product development of pharmaceutics, patent and research.有相关医药技术领域,产品开发, 专利或研究背景.14. Support process areas cover the activities that support product development and maintenance.支持过程域包含了支持产品开发和维护的全部活动.15. Full understanding andto implement and manage theproduct development process.充分理解、实施和管理产品开发过程.。
商务英语英汉互译(修订版)
occupational culture 职业文化pragmatic view 实用观点holistic view 整体观点general terms 一般条款general practice 一般惯例verbal offer 口头报价sales confirmation 销售确认unconditional assent 无条件同意elaborate stipulation 详细规定time of validity 有效期接受报价acceptance商务谈判business negotiation可撤销的revocable书面发盘written offer发盘驳回offer rejected受盘人offeree发盘人offeror发盘offer还盘counter-offer询盘inquiryunloading port 卸货港shipping marks 货运标志commercial inspection 商品检验force majeure 不可抗力partial shipment 分批装运shipping documents 货运单证p ayment settlement 支付结算i nsurance policy 保险单expiry date 过期日mail confirmation 信函确认信用状况credit status通知银行notifying bank支付运单shipping document delivery支付运算payment settlement分支机构branch office远期信用证usance L/C货物转运goods transshipment支付条款payment terms申请人applicant受益人beneficiaryirrevocable letter of credit 不可撤销信用证revocable letter of credit 可撤销信用证commercial bill of exchange 商业汇票government guarantee 政府担保confirmed L/C保兑信用证sight draft 即期汇票time draft 远期汇票Eximbank 进出口银行drawee 受票人drawer 开票人economic goods 商品nonprofit organization 非赢利团体after-sale service 售后服务mass production 批量生产stimulation 激励facilitation 便利intense promotion 集中促销consumer groups 消费群economic health 经济良性marketing program 营销计划消费需求consumer demand公共需求publics' demand公司运作firm's operation交换过程exchange process赢利团体profit organization管理需求managing demand预测需求anticipating demand满足需求satisfying demand激烈竞争intense competition销售时代sales eratop management 高级管理层corporate culture 企业文化overall objective 总体目标marketing mix营销组合adaptation 计划调整controllable factor 可控因素marketing environment 营销环境geographic coverage 区域覆盖distribution decisions 分销决策target market 目标市场外部环境external environment价格幅度range of prices库存管理inventory management只收现金cash-only赊购政策credit policy市场细分markets segment营销渠道marketing outlet特异优势differential advantage销售业绩marketing performance集体目标organization's objectives consumerism 消费主义strong sentiment of nationalism 强烈的民族主义情感impulse buying 冲动购买demand curve 需求曲线oligopolistic market 寡头垄断市场channel competition 渠道竞争identical product 同类产品physical fitness 身体健美independent media 独立媒体production machinery 生产机械精美食品selected food items可控因素controllable factor市场份额marketing share价格控制control over price价格浮动price fluctuation决策过程decision process垄断竞争monopolistic competition政治环境political environment竞争环境competitive environment营销努力marketing effortsdisposable income 税后收入organizational consumer 团体消费者market segmentation市场细分market-oriented manager市场型经理production-oriented manager 生产型经理final consumer 终端消费者discretionary income 可自由支配收入consumer price index 消费价格指数single-earner family 单职工家庭suburban population 郊区人口城市居民city dweller区域差异regional difference头胎儿童firstborn child郊区人口suburban population需求递减率law of diminishing demand消费结构consumption pattern中低收入lower and middle income家庭娱乐home entertainment消费价格consumer price优质优价产品high-priced and high-quality product expenditure pattern 消费结构product attributes 产品特性small-sized package 小型包装concentrated marketing 集中营销undifferentiated marketing 无差别营销market penetration 市场渗透market buildup method 市场累加法sales forecast 销售预测consumer survey 消费调查trend analysis 趋势分析需求群体demand cluster鲜明对比striking contrast产品特色product image全国竞争compete on a national level营销预算marketing budget多种经营diversification统计分析statistical analysis客户抵制consumer resistance短期降价short-term price cutpricing strategy 价格策略elastic demand 弹性需求delayed purchase 延迟购买price-sensitive shoppers 价格敏感型购买者brand-loyal customer 品牌忠诚顾客law of demand 需求定律predatory pricing 掠夺式定价loss leader 亏本出售的商品horizontal price fixing 平行价格固定lesser-quality material 质量较差的材料需求价格弹性price elasticity of demand 平行价格固定horizontal price fixing存货保持成本inventory-keeping costs库存周转比率inventory turnover rate市场控制价格market-controlled pricing价格歧视price discrimination限时折扣discount in limited time最低限价minimum price热销商品best seller买一送一buy one,get one freequantity discount 批量折扣working capital 周转资金list price 价目表bid pricing 招标定价break-even analysis 损益两平分析average-cost pricing 平均成本定价average cost 平均成本aggressive firms 开拓型公司competitive item 有竞争力的品种overhead expense 日常管理费用折扣贴换trade-in allowance库存补贴stocking allowances运作成本operational cost营销功能marketing function声望定价prestige pricing招徕定价leader pricing简单公式simple formula互补产品complementary product需求曲线curve of demand目标回报target returnstrategic planning 战略计划tactical planning 策略计划planning system 计划体系loss of market share 市场份额丢失upper management 上层管理staff personnel 工作人员s ales forecast 销售预测task force 任务小组capital expenditures budget 资金支出预算suboptimal choices 准最佳选择做出更好的决策make a better decision导致更低的利润lead to lower profits避免欠缺的计划avoid deficient planning新计划导致抵制rejection resulting from new plans 市场调查的主任marketing research manager授予权利authorize a power消费预算expenditure budget收入预算revenue budget建立程序set up a program管理思维managing conceptsmacro-sales analysis 宏观销售分析market share analysis 市场份额分析iceberg principle 冰山原理geographic organization 区域组织inherent conflict 内在冲突marketing audit 营销审计sales analysis 销售分析marketing concept 营销观念marketing control 营销控制matching concept 配比观念营销组织结构marketing organization structure完成营销目标to accomplish marketing goals有效工作流程efficient work flows营销信息系统marketing information system快速新闻覆盖rapid news coverage全球销售to sell on a worldwide basis定期评估regular evaluation产品系列product lines以往业绩former performance战略型的strategiccurrent account 往来账户money value 货币价值capital account 资本账户royalties to foreign firms 交给外国公司的税费gold standard 金本体制mercantilist obsession 重商主义情结currency circulation 货币流通devaluation 贬值international capital flow 国际资本流通outflow of capital 资本外流国家经济状况economic status of the country国际收支差额balance of payments短期投资流动movements of short-term investments 外汇供求平衡foreign money at some equilibrium demand and supply国际收支逆差deficit in the balance of payment货币手段monetary approach金融资产financial asserts归纳手段absorption approach供求弹性elasticity of supply and demand价格及金银price-specieseconomic and financial transactions经济与金融交易double entry bookkeeping 复式簿记credit and debit 贷方和借方surplus or deficit 盈余与赤字errors and omissions 错漏equity interests 股本息reserve accounts 储备金账户portfolio investment 有价证券投资government notes 政府证券BOP disequilibrium 国际收支失衡统计误差statistical discrepancy经常项目current account items惯用做法common practice储备资产reserve capital金融手段financial means单边转移unilateral transfer调整汇率exchange rate adjustment缓冲政策buffering policy出口总值total value of exports购买证券purchase of stockstrade balance 贸易平衡trade surplus 贸易赢余trade deficit 贸易赤字exchange analysis 汇率分析strengthened dollar 强势美元depreciated yen 贬值的日元positive correlation 积极的相互关系Mexican Peso 墨西哥比索jumps in value 升值appreciated yen 升值的日元巨大贸易逆差enormous trade deficit出口大于进口we export more than we import更全面的了解lead to greater insight to美加贸易赤字American-Canadian trade deficit贸易收支平衡the steady balance of trade美元对加元the American Dollar against the Canadian Dollar最大贸易国the largest trading partner汇率的变化changes of exchange rate更好地理解have a better idea of贸易的数据trade datatrading patterns 贸易结构trading partner 贸易伙伴size of the orders 订货规模luxury items 高档商品price elastic 价格弹性price inelastic 非价格弹性market-determined 市场决定的year-over-year changes 年度同比变化artificially overvalued 人为高升值background material 背景材料国家发改委the State Development and Reform Commission推崇日本货highly value Japanese products日本消费品Japanese consumer products越来越希望tend to结构性失衡the structural imbalance大幅贬值greatly depreciated大幅下跌substantially fall商业结构commercial structure高度互补 a high degree of complementarities货币升值currency appreciationscrap disposal 废料处理back order 待发货订单point of origin 原产地contract carrier 合同承运人cost-price squeeze 成本价格紧缩physical distribution 实物流通elasticity of demand 需求弹性expendable supplies 易耗品inventory capital cost存货资金成品production scheduling 生产日程促销活动sales promotion activity产品开发product development销售人员marketing personnel市场营销marketing销售调研marketing research原材料产地origin of raw material 商品与服务goods and services竞争者价格competitor's price最高管理层top management流通总成本total cost of performing physical distributioncarload lot 整车货物product line 产品系列warehousing 仓储使用费sales volume 销量inventory control 存货控制breadth of market 市场宽度inventory delivery 存货运输inventory depreciation 存货贬值chief executive manager 首席执行经理marketing administration 市场行政管理产品包装product packing流通比率rate of flow运输经理traffic manager大量运输large quantity shipment生产计划production planning订单服务order servicing存货种类inventory variety存货地点inventory location货运方式mode of transportation生产成本production costplace utility 地点效用interim period 过渡时期order origination 订单发出operations research 运筹学freight transportation 货运运输merchandise delivery 商品运输surface transportation 水陆运输inauguration of service 开始服务replenishment of goods 货物补充electronic data processing 电子数据处理发展后期later phase of development商品差价spread between products管理人员management personnel信息流通flow of information数据传输data transmission存货流通flow of inventory营销策略marketing strategy空运行业airfreight industry引进阶段introductory period订单处理order processingduplication 重复劳动trading entity 贸易实体legal enterprise 法定企业channel jumping 渠道跳跃advertising credit 广告贷款economies of scale 规模经济exchange channel 交易渠道distribution channel 流通渠道bargaining transaction 谈判业务scrambled merchandising 跨品种销售批发商wholesaler经销商distributor中间商middleman / intermediary办事处factory branch office易腐蚀的perishable管理能力managerial capability个人直销personal selling交换地点location of exchange/transfer交换条款term of exchange/transfer渠道成员channel memberterminal user 终端用户unitized load 单位化装货ancillary cost 附加成本conclusive act 决定性行为erratic demand 不稳定需求margin for error 错误余地massed reserves 集中储备assortment closure 产品盘点factory sales outlet 工厂销售点super-organizational management 超组织管理交易目标exchange goal产品存储product storage产品调整product adjustment产品转让product transfer产品搬运product handling信息交流information communication空间价值spatial value买方市场buyers' market业务能力transaction capability交易网络exchange networkrationale 理论基础stock-out 库存缺货consumer goodwill 消费者信誉joint economic gain 共同经济利益the placing of an order 发送订单differentiation of goods 产品区分geographical dispersion 地域分散intermediary inventories 中间库存the principle of speculation 推测原则the principle of postponement 推迟原则购买时间time of purchase风险转移shifting of risk逆向推迟backward postponement顺向推迟forward postponement交货时间delivery time规模经济scale economy产品外形form of products零售商品retail facilities渠道结构channel structure远期库存forward inventorieshuman resource 人力资源management style 管理方式/经营风格hardship allowance 困难补贴top-level manager高层管理者foreign assignment 海外任务labor market 劳动力市场global efficiencies 全球效率licensing agreement 许可证协定standard of productivity 生产力标准subsidiary management 子公司管理企业文化corporate culture移动费用moving expense地方管理local management税后收入after-tax income合资企业joint venture安顿费用settling-in expense官方语言official tongue储藏费用storage expense全球战略global strategy海外补贴overseas premiums生活费用cost of living基本工资base salary preemployment training 上岗前培训postemployment training 上岗后培训compensation policies 补偿政策end-of-the-year bonuses 年底奖金personnel record systems人事记录系统management inventories 管理清单college recruitment 大学招聘fringe benefits 额外津贴/附加福利labor cost 劳动力成本lay off 解雇工人wage rate 工资率labor court 劳资纠纷法庭class struggle 阶级斗争labor-saving 劳动力节省child labor 童工on the payroll 雇佣board of directors 董事会lifetime employment 终身解雇collective bargaining 集体谈判sociopolitical environment 社会政治环境U11portfolio 有价证券direct mail 直接邮寄line executive 业务管理人员staff position 普通职员placement office 就业指导处intelligence tests 智力测试economic ambitions 经济抱负vocational literature 职业介绍vocational abilities 业务能力m anagerial position 管理职位marketing research 市场调查prospective employers 未来雇主实习internships求职者job seeker/applicant工作氛围work climate发展潜力growth potential能力测试aptitude test择业occupational selection工作实质nature of a job个性测试interest and personality tests产业接触industry contacts各级管理层levels of managementwant ads 招聘广告job leads 工作导向job fairs 职业交流会job openings 职位空缺sales outlets 销售网点home office 总公司job campaign 求职on-the-job training 岗位培训/在职培训collegiate chapters 大学章程application letter 求职信relocation policies 再分配政策unstructured training 开放式培训履历resume生产线product line年度报告annual report低级职位lower-level position当前目标immediate goals管理变动management change 每股收益earnings per share美国劳工部the U.S. Dept. of Labor职业介绍所employment agencystrengths 强项marital status 婚姻状况initial interview 初试job counsellors 就业顾问graduate studies 研究生课程vocational interest 职业兴趣application forms 申请书/投资书personal aspirations 个人抱负supervisory role 监督/管理角色弱项weaknesses学术表现academic performance职业目标professional objective自我测试self assessment平均积分点grade point average犯罪记录criminal records课外活动extracurriculum activities领导能力leadership abilities个人资料personal data决定因素deciding factorsoverhead 企业一般管理费用labor union 工会组织credit standing 信誉price advantage 价格优势personalized product 个性化产品production schedule生产调度unit costs 单位成本work staffs 职员mass assembly 大规模装配线the Yellow Pages 黄页classified section 分类广告栏borrowed funds 借入资金家族企业family business操作规模scale of operation支票兑现check cashing债权发行bond issues创收活动revenue-producing activities可退换销售a merchandise-on-approval program 集资raise funds人事专家personnel specialist电话订单phone orders专用设备specialized equipment决策灵活性decision-making flexibility内部税收代码the Internal Revenue Code。
新产品开发英语
新产品开发英语Innovation thrives in the heart of new product development. The process begins with a spark of creativity, a vision that sets the stage for a journey into the unknown.Understanding the market's pulse is crucial. It's about identifying gaps and needs that existing products fail to address, and then crafting solutions that resonate with the consumer's desires.The design phase is where ideas take shape. It's a meticulous dance of aesthetics and functionality, where every detail is a step towards perfection. Prototyping is the first glimpse into the tangible form of our vision, a moment of truth that tests the waters of feasibility.Collaboration is the lifeblood of development. It's the synergy of diverse minds, each bringing unique perspectives to the table, that fuels the evolution of a product from concept to reality.Testing is the crucible that refines our creation. It's a rigorous process of trial and error, where feedback is the currency that shapes the final product, ensuring it meets the highest standards of quality and performance.Marketing is the voice that tells the world about our innovation. It's the art of storytelling, where the narrativeof our product's journey captivates the audience, turning heads and igniting interest.Finally, the launch is the culmination of our efforts.It's the moment when our product steps into the spotlight, ready to make its mark on the world, and hopefully, to change lives for the better.Continuous improvement is the ongoing commitment to our product. It's the recognition that development is not a one-time event but a cycle of growth and adaptation, ensuring our product remains relevant and valuable in an ever-evolving market.。
PASSBEC新编剑桥商务英语口试必备手册(中高级)
目录第一单元公司运作与管理Teamwork 团队合作 1 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本12 Internal Communications 内部沟通8 Reducing Overheads 减少管理费用18 How to Deal with a Heavy Workload 如何应对繁重的工作23 Work Environment工作环境27 Logistics物流32 Business Ethics 商业道德第二单元人力资源管理37 Recruiting & Selecting 人员招聘42 Employee Training 员工培训48 Career Development 职业发展53 Promotion 晋升59 Staff promotion 激励员工65 Staff turnover 员工流失71 Appraising and Improving Performance 绩效考核与改进绩效76 Pay and benefits 薪酬与福利80 Labor relations劳动关系85 Work place safety and health 工作安全与职业保健90 Time management 时间管理95 Managing stress 缓解压力第三单元市场营销101Product development 产品开发106 Setting price 产品定价110 Product promotion 产品推广114 Advertising 广告118 Packaging 包装122 Branding 品牌126 Customer satisfaction 顾客满意度130 Keeping Customers 留住顾客134 Marketing channels 营销渠道第四单元商务旅行138Travel and transport 出行与交通工具142 Travel and accommodation 差旅与住宿148 Domestic travel 国内差旅154 Travelling abroad 国际差旅第五单元企业公关160 Corporate culture 企业文化166 Company image 公司形象172 Corporate gifting 公司送礼178 Corporate sponsorship 企业赞助183 Dress code 着装要求189 Entertaining business clients 招待客户第六单元公司发展195Site location and relocation 公司选址和迁址200 Going global 全球营销205 Franchise 特许经营209 Meeting competition 应对竞争第七单元商务电子化与新型工作方式213 Office automation 办公自动化217 Setting up company website 建立公司网站224 Internet marketing 互联网促销230 Flexible patterns of work 弹性工作方式第八单元商务会议235Staging a meeting/conference 举办会议241 Attending a meeting/conference 参加会议247 Giving a presentation 大会发言251 Trade fair and exhibitions 会展257 PRACTICE TEST ONE 练习1 263 PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习2 271 PRACTICE TEST TWO 练习3 278UNIT ONE Company Operation and Management 第一单元公司运作与管理1.1Teamwork 团队合作Teamwork 团队合作，团队精神Team-based 以团队为基础的Horizontal organization structure 横向企业结构Corporate goals 企业目标Charter 规章，章程Be accountable for 对…负有责任Creative innovation 创新改革，创新发明创新精神Reward system 奖励制度Pay back 回报，报偿Individuality 个性Independent thinking 独立的思想Group decision-making 集体决策Managerial skill 管理技能Coordinate 使协调，调整Interpersonal relationship 人际关系Mutual trust 相互信任Bring out the potentials 充分发挥潜能Closely-knit （关系）密切的Keep track of 跟踪，追踪Time-consuming 花费时间的Line manager 部门经理，业务经理（与行政经理相对）Pre-building 团队建设Nurture 培养，教育，发展Nurture team dynamics 培养团队活力Promote team spirit 提倡团队精神Drive team success 驱使团队成功Minimize 将…减少到最少，最小化Inhibit 约束，抑止Liven up 使…有生气Training session 一场训练，培训课期Rafting 漂流Rock climbing 攀岩Teammate 队友Impact 影响，效果Complementary 补充的，互补的Revitalize 使新生，给予新的活力Trait （个人性格方面的）特征，显著的特点Commitment 敬业精神Interpersonal communication skills 人际交际技能，亦作interpersonal skillsAddress 处理（事情）Creative innovation 创新精神How to Make Teams Effective 如何组建精锐的团队People in every workplace talk about building the team, working as a team, and my team, but few understand how to create the experience of teamwork or how to develop an effective team.在各种工作场合，人们都在谈论团队建设、团队合作、自己的团队，但是却很少有人真正理解如何体验团队合作以及如何组建一支精锐的团队。
新产品开发英语作文
New product developmentThe importance of new product development is a result of the necessity for developing new products if a business is to survive. In other words, new product development is tied to the ability of a business to remain competitive and also to the longevity of such a business. Any business that does not realize the importance of new product development will not last very long as a consequence of the fact that business is all about innovation and change, making it absolutely necessary for businesses to adapt to those changes in order to remain relevant. New product development may be geared toward the conceptualization of a new idea regarding a completely new line of products currently not in the market, or it could be aimed toward upgrading products that may be in the market already. Whatever the case, the development of new products is an essential part of the application of business strategies by companies.An illustration of the importance of new product development can be seen in the area of the transition from physical books to e-books. Some companies that built their reputation and even their entire company on the sale of physical books quickly folded due to the fact that they failed to realize the importance of new product development. These companies did not keep up with the changes in other areas of the market, such the innovations in technology that made it more convenient for people to download books onto a device rather than purchasing the physical book. Other companies that embraced new product development anticipated this change and not only made it possible for customers to download books from their Web sites, but also integrated this download with their own personal electronic readers, making it a complete package. This understanding of the importance of new product development has kept such companies relevant even in the face of constant innovations in technology and the tastes or preferences of customers. Another illustration of the importance of new product development is in the area of smart phones where some companies have managed to establish themselves as market leaders due to the fact that they always take the lead in new products. Such companies always come up with new products periodically, astutely gauging when their products in the market are already reaching the end of their product lifecycle. By replacing worn-out products with new ones, they manage to retain the interest of customers and to make their product and company relevant.。
产品经理常用英语
产品经理常用英语产品经理在日常工作中需要使用一些常用的英语表达，涉及项目管理、市场调研、用户体验等方面。
以下是一些产品经理常用的英语表达：1.项目管理：•P roject Timeline:项目时间表•M ilestone:里程碑•T ask Assignment:任务分配•P roject Kickoff:项目启动2.市场调研：•M arket Analysis:市场分析•C ompetitor Research:竞争对手研究•C ustomer Segmentation:客户细分•U ser Feedback:用户反馈3.产品规划：•P roduct Roadmap:产品规划图•F eature Prioritization:功能优先级排序•R elease Planning:发布计划•B eta Testing: Beta测试4.用户体验：•U ser Persona:用户角色•U ser Journey:用户旅程•W ireframes:线框图•U sability Testing:可用性测试5.市场推广：•G o-to-Market Strategy:上市策略•P roduct Launch:产品发布•M arketing Collateral:市场宣传资料•B rand Awareness:品牌知名度6.会议表达：•A genda:议程•A ction Items:行动项•K ey Performance Indicators (KPIs):关键绩效指标•S WOT Analysis: SWOT分析7.数据分析：•D ata-driven Decision:数据驱动决策•A nalytics Report:分析报告•C onversion Rate:转化率•A/B Testing: A/B测试8.客户关系：•C ustomer Engagement:客户参与度•C ustomer Retention:客户保持•U ser Acquisition:用户获取•C ustomer Support:客户支持9.产品迭代：•I terative Development:迭代开发•M inimum Viable Product (MVP):最小可行产品•F eature Enhancement:功能增强•C ontinuous Improvement:持续改进这些表达可以帮助产品经理更流利地与团队成员、客户以及其他利益相关者进行沟通，并更好地推动产品的开发和推广。
产品设计常用英语
A.O.D 有偏差接收Accessory 附件ACCOUNTING 会计Accounting 会计Actuate switch 启动开关Adapter 火牛Adhesive tape 胶粘带Adjustor调节器Agitator 搅拌器Air intel进气口Aluminum foil tape 铝箔带Anchor锚Appearance外观Approve认可AQL 允收水准Armature电枢/转子Assembly装配B.O.M 物料清单Ball holder铜珠套筒Bar code 条形码Barbed connector 有倒扣的连接片Bar棒Battery cave cover电池盒/盖Battery cave电池底壳Battery tag电池片Battery电池Bearing-lock轴承-锁Bearing轴承Belt皮带Bit guard防护罩Bit storage批嘴储存件Bit铁嘴Blocks 量块Block量块BMC 工具盒Bottle connector瓶口连接Bottom cabinet-charger充电座底壳Bottom底部Box 箱BOX 组件Bracket固定架/支架Brand label商标贴纸Bristle brush毛刷Bristle holder毛刷(柄)Brush roller 毛刷巻轴Brush刷子/碳刷Bubble lever 水平珠Bucket箱Bulb reflector 电灯反射器Bulb support电灯泡支撑座Bundle捆/扎Burr毛刺Bushing-bearing lock轴套锁製Bushing-case adaptor轴套外套适配器Bush-output shaft带轴套的输出轴Bush轴套Button按钮Cabinet-cover面壳Cabinet-support底壳Cabinet壳Cable clamp plate电线夹片Cable电缆Calibration校正Calibration校正Caliper 卡尺Caliper卡尺Cam plate偏心片Cam凸轮Cap杯帽Carbon film resistor碳膜电阻Card 卡片Card卡片Carrying strip手带Carton箱Case箱Cavity模腔Cell电池Charger bracket充电座支架Charger充电座/器Check 检查Chuck 锁头Circuit ass’y循环装置Comformity 合格Cord 电线Cover 上盖Current 电流cycle 循环defect 缺陷description名称Dial indication 百分表die cast 铸件dimention 尺寸dispose 处理Drill 电钻driver 电批electric 电气件Fasten-knob钮扣状旋钮Felt seal毛毡封Ferrite bead磁珠Fibre glass sleeve玻纤套Field 定子线圈Filler填空件Filter bag bracker 过滤袋支架Filter frame过滤栏架filter 滤网Filter过滤器finished 表面处理Finished完成的First layer internal gear第一层内齿轮圈First layer sun gear第一层行星齿轮Fitting装配Fit配合Flash闪光/披锋Flex hose弯管/软管Flow mark流痕Foam holder泡沫支架Force力Frequency频率Front cover cabinet 前面壳Front grill前脚架Front housing-gear box牙箱前壳Front support cabinet前底壳Function功能Fuse clip保险管夹Fuse P.C.B ass’y 保险丝底板组件Fuse保险丝futtonal 功能Gasket 垫片/圈Gate水口Gauge 量规Gear box adaptor牙箱调整装置Gear box housing 牙箱壳Gear housing cover牙箱盖Gear齿轮Gift box 彩盒Go-no go gauge通止规Grass trimmer剪草机Grease leak 漏油Grease油脂Handle catch手柄扣Handle grip手柄Hardness硬度Heat sink散热器Heat treatment 热处理Hex nut六角螺帽HI-POT高压测试Holder cover支座盖Holder支座Hole test 内径千分尺Hose elbow弯管Hose wrap plate软管扎带Housing cover机壳上盖Housing handle机壳手柄Housing support机壳底座Housing壳I.N.T接触不良I.R 检查报告IC集成电路Idler gear-A变速齿轮“A”Idler gear-B变速齿轮“B”Idler shaftImpact drill(cap)冲击钻(杯) Impeller风扇叶Indicator cover指示器盖Indicator switch knob指示开关旋钮Injection注射Insert refill bottle插入式替换瓶Insert型芯/插入Inspection检验Instruction manual 说明书Instrument 仪器Insultator绝缘体Inverted retaining ring 反向保持介子Key holder锁匙支架Key锁匙Label标签Lanyard手带Latch锁扣/门锁Led发光二极管Left head screw左牙螺丝Lens透镜Leveler accessory水平珠组件Leveler body水平珠本体Leveler cover水平珠盖Lever oil水平珠油Lever-speed change调速杆Lever控制杆Location spacer定位隔离器Louver天窗Lubricant润滑油M.O 订单Machine screw机器螺丝Mark 标记Massage ring按摩环Material材料Metal washer ring 金属介子Metal金属Micrometer千分尺Miltimeter 万用表Model型号Motor 电机Motor accessory马达组件Motor bracket 马达支架Motor fixity-external马达外定位件Motor fixity-internal马达内定位件Motor mounting bracket马达定位架Motor mounting马达定位Motor pulley 马达滑轮Mounting plate杯片Multimeter 万用表Nameplate 铭牌Nonconformity不合格/不一致Nut 螺母O-ring 胶圈Output shaft 轴芯，输出轴Oven 烤炉P&A 人事P.C.B 电路板p/p cover电池盒上座p/p support 电池盒底座Packing 包装Part line 分型线part 零件pedestal台座，基座，垫座PIE 生产工业工程pin 小轴/销pin gauge 芯棒pinion 小齿轮pinion-motor马达牙仔Pivot tube 转轴套plain washer-motor平面介子plant gear 行星齿轮plastic gear塑胶齿轮plastic tape胶纸plastic washer胶介子Plastic 塑胶plate 片plug插头PMC 物料控制Poly bag 塑料袋powder metal粉末冶金Power pack 电池组power功率Project management项目管理projector 投影仪Pulley flange 滑轮法兰pulley flange泵翼purchasing 采购purchasing按钮push rod推杆PVC sleeve PVC套管PVC tube PVC套管QA 质量保证QC 质量控制R&D 工程研发R.O. 接收单Ratchet plate转轮片Ratchet 转轮Rating额定值Rear cover cabinet后面盖Rear housing-gear box牙箱后壳Rear support cabinet后底盖Receptacle 插座Rectifier整流器Recycling label环保标签Reflector cap反光杯Reject退货Remark备注/注释Resistor电阻Reverse反向Revise更改Rework加工Ring 垫圈Ring bolt有环螺钉Ring gear内齿轮圈Rocker switch摇杆开关Roller滚筒/辊子Rotary cap旋转杯Rotor转子Run-out跳动rusty 铸跡rusty生锈的Safety switch安全开关Sampling抽样Sander base磨沙机底座Scrap报废Scratch刮花Screwdriver bit批嘴Screwdriver电批Screw螺丝SDS来货检验资料Second layer internal gear第二层内齿轮圈Second layer planet gear第二层行星齿轮Second layer run gear第二层恒星齿轮Secondary blower flangeSelf-tapping screw自攻螺丝SER 样本评估报告shaft 轴Shaft轴芯Sharp edge锐边Sheet 纸/表格Shrinkable sleeve热缩管Silkscreen 丝印Sinkage缩水Sketch简图Sleeve套子Sliding rod滑动杆Socket (jack)插座Solution tank溶解槽Sort分类Spacer隔离件Speed change knob变速钮Speed速度Spindle gear-A转动齿轮“A”Spindle gear-B转动齿轮“B”Spindle轴芯Spine-ball刺珠Sponge海绵Spotter nozzle定心喷嘴Spring clip弹性夹子Spring plate弹弓片Spring washer弹性介子Spring-torque control扭力控制弹簧Spring弹弓Stator定子Steel roller钢辊子Stopper-motor马达制动Stopper-right右制动Sun gear恒星/太阳齿轮Support cabinet下壳Support下盖Switch button (knob)开关按钮Switch lock锁掣Switch 开关Tape带Tapping type攻牙形式Terminal holder接触片支座Terminal接触片terms 术语Term术语/期间Testure 纹理Thermal protector热保护器Thermal-fuse热感应保险丝Thermostat热敏开关Third layer internal gear第三层内齿轮圈Third layer planet gear第三层行星齿轮Third layer sun gear 第三层恒星齿轮Thread 螺纹Timer定时器Tolerance 公差Top cabinet-charger 充电座面壳Top上部torque meter 扭力表Torque control knob 扭力调节器Torque meter扭力表Torque 扭矩Transformer变压器Heat treatment 热处理Trimmer 剪草机Twisting screwdriver螺旋形电批UL approvel power cord UL认可的电线UL wire AWG 16 black UL16号黑色电线UL wire AWG 16 red UL16号红色电线Unit & accessory主机及附件Urgent紧急U-spring U型弹弓Vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器Variable speed switch变速开关Vibration振动Voltage电压W/o battery paper sleeve 无纸套电池Wall anchors挂墙胶条Washer ring-motor马达介子Washer-ball cover玻璃盖处的介子Washer-clutch扭力杯处的介子Washer-ring环形介子Washer垫片Weld line 夹水纹Zener diode齐纳二极管。
市场营销英语词汇
市场营销英语词汇市场营销英语词汇一、市场分析1.市场研究：market research2.调查问卷：survey questionnaire3.竞争对手：competitors4.市场调查：market survey5.消费者需求：consumer demand6.目标市场：target market7.市场规模：market size8.市场份额：market share9.市场细分：market segmentation10.市场定位：market positioning11.市场的机会：market opportunities12.市场威胁：market threats13.市场趋势：market trends14.市场前景：market prospects二、营销策略1.品牌认知：brand awareness2.品牌忠诚度：brand loyalty3.营销策略：marketing strategy4.产品定位：product positioning5.市场定位：market positioning6.目标市场：target market7.竞争优势：competitive advantage8.市场份额：market share9.销售额：sales revenue10.广告费用：advertising costs11.营销预算：marketing budget12.营销组合：marketing mix13.产品价格策略：product pricing strategy14.市场推广策略：marketing promotion strategy15.营销渠道：marketing channels16.口碑营销：word-of-mouth marketing17.网络营销：digital marketing三、销售管理1.销售经理：sales manager2.销售团队：sales team3.销售目标：sales target4.销售预测：sales forecast5.销售数据：sales data6.销售报告：sales report7.销售额：sales revenue8.销售人员绩效：sales performance9.销售技能培训：sales training10.销售策略：sales strategy11.销售渠道：sales channels12.销售推广：sales promotion13.销售方式：sales method14.市场营销：marketing and sales四、客户关系管理1.客户满意度：customer satisfaction2.客户需求：customer needs3.客户关怀：customer care4.客户忠诚度：customer loyalty5.客户服务：customer service6.客户关系管理：customer relationship management7.客户开发：customer development8.增加客户：acquire new customers9.保持客户：retain customers10.客户反馈：customer feedback11.客户投诉：customer complaints12.客户体验：customer experience13.生命周期价值：lifetime value14.客户分类：customer segmentation五、品牌管理1.品牌形象：brand image2.品牌建设：brand building3.品牌价值：brand value4.品牌忠诚度：brand loyalty5.品牌定位：brand positioning6.品牌延伸：brand extension7.品牌重塑：brand repositioning8.品牌保护：brand protection9.品牌战略：brand strategy10.品牌知名度：brand awareness11.品牌差异化：brand differentiation12.品牌推广：brand promotion13.品牌严格控制：brand equity14.品牌形象修复：brand image repair六、新产品开发1.产品开发：product development2.产品创新：product innovation3.产品设计：product design4.产品测试：product testing5.市场测试：market testing6.产品定价：product pricing7.产品包装设计：product packaging design8.产品发布：product launch9.产品开发流程管理：product development process management10.产品研究：product research11.产品管理：product management12.产品线策略：product line strategy13.产品生命周期：product life cycle14.产品特点：product features总结以上是关于市场营销英语词汇的介绍，通过了解这些词汇，可以帮助我们了解市场营销的基本知识和规律，从而更好地制定和实施营销战略，提高企业的竞争力和市场占有率。
新产品开发专业英语翻译
New Product Development新产品开发1.Introduction产品战略、精心计划的投资组合、便利的明确客户的需求的组织结构、明确的产品理念以及项目计划的整合失败可能会严重阻碍新产品的开发。
很多企业在制定产品策略时，通常选择新的产品概念，并计划新产品开发项目。
然而，当被问及产品创新的最大弱点是什么时，这些公司的管理者指出是模糊的前端。
他们描述了一些常见的前端的故障征兆：1.新产品因为不“符合公司的发展战略”在中途突然被取消。
2.因为关键的人员“太忙”，没有时间花费给“重中之重”的新产品计划项目，导致这些项目的执行受到影响。
3.新产品因为产品概念目标不断的变化，导致新产品经常推出的比公布时间晚。
自从1983年唐纳德•舍恩把产品开发描述为“游戏”后，时代已经开始变了。
在“游戏”中，总经理把他们自己和产品开发固有的不确定因素保持距离…技术人员保护自己以免承担企业的损失。
自那时起，新产品的开发已经成为一个核心的业务活动，这个活动需要与经营战略密切相关同时该过程也必须通过分析和决策。
现在，一般的管理者不能与产品开发的不确定性保持距离，技术人员也不能保护自己免承担企业的责任或义务。
随着能力增强的并行工程、快速原型和与供应商的和谐伙伴关系对产品设计和开发时间的缩短，（产品开发）管理的注意力已经转向交叉职能性的、前期策略性的、概念性和规划性的活动。
这些活动通常在新产品的详细设计和开发之前（展开）。
在这里，新产品理念获得形状，论证，计划以及支持他们的认同通向后续的执行。
然而，尽管对前端重要性的认可非常广泛，但旨在提高其效力的有限的系统检查还是一直存在。
2.What is the “front-end”? 什么是“前端”？先前的研究一直专注于新产品开发的成功因素（NPD）。
虽然许多上述因素涉及到设计的执行与项目管理问题，有些还涉及到前端。
与罗伯茨的模型一样，我们分类确定了与前端相关的先前研究的基础和项目具体内容的两个方面的成功因素。
五金 英语
五金英语五金（Hardware）是指各种金属制品的统称，广义上包括金属和合金制品，狭义上主要指金属材料加工的产品。
五金制品在日常生活中无处不在，涵盖了工具、家居用品、建筑材料等多个领域。
随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高，五金制品市场需求也在逐渐增加，这就要求我们掌握一定的五金英语知识，以便与国际合作伙伴进行交流和合作。
本文将为大家介绍一些五金英语的基本词汇和常用句型。
五金英语词汇表1.Hardware - 五金2.Metal - 金属3.Alloy - 合金4.Tool - 工具5.Screw - 螺丝钉6.Bolt - 螺栓7.Nut - 螺帽8.Washer - 垫圈9.Hinge - 铰链10.Screwdriver - 螺丝刀11.Hammer - 锤子12.Drill - 钻孔机13.Pliers - 钳子14.Wrench - 扳手15.Tape measure - 卷尺16.Level - 水平仪17.Nails - 钉子18.Staples - U型钉19.Cabinet - 橱柜tch - 铰链锁常用五金英语句型1.How much is this hammer? - 这个锤子多少钱？2.Do you have different sizes of screws? - 你们有不同尺寸的螺丝吗？3.Can I get a discount if I buy in bulk? - 如果我批量购买，能给我打折吗？4.Where can I find the washers? - 我在哪里可以找到垫圈？5.Could you recommend a good drill for home use? - 你能推荐一款适合家用的好钻孔机吗？6.Does this hinge come with screws? - 这个铰链附带螺丝吗？7.I need a wrench to fix my bicycle. - 我需要一个扳手来修我的自行车。
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A.O.D 有偏差接收Accessory 附件ACCOUNTING 会计Accounting 会计Actuate switch 启动开关Adapter 火牛Adhesive tape 胶粘带Adjustor调节器Agitator 搅拌器Air intel进气口Aluminum foil tape 铝箔带Anchor锚Appearance外观Approve认可AQL 允收水准Armature电枢/转子Assembly装配B.O.M 物料清单Ball holder铜珠套筒Bar code 条形码Barbed connector 有倒扣的连接片Bar棒Battery cave cover电池盒/盖Battery cave电池底壳Battery tag电池片Battery电池Bearing-lock轴承-锁Bearing轴承Belt皮带Bit guard防护罩Bit storage批嘴储存件Bit铁嘴Blocks 量块Block量块BMC 工具盒Bottle connector瓶口连接Bottom cabinet-charger充电座底壳Bottom底部Box 箱BOX 组件Bracket固定架/支架Brand label商标贴纸Bristle brush毛刷Bristle holder毛刷(柄)Brush roller 毛刷巻轴Brush刷子/碳刷Bubble lever 水平珠Bucket箱Bulb reflector 电灯反射器Bulb support电灯泡支撑座Bundle捆/扎Burr毛刺Bushing-bearing lock轴套锁製Bushing-case adaptor轴套外套适配器Bush-output shaft带轴套的输出轴Bush轴套Button按钮Cabinet-cover面壳Cabinet-support底壳Cabinet壳Cable clamp plate电线夹片Cable电缆Calibration校正Calibration校正Caliper 卡尺Caliper卡尺Cam plate偏心片Cam凸轮Cap杯帽Carbon film resistor碳膜电阻Card 卡片Card卡片Carrying strip手带Carton箱Case箱Cavity模腔Cell电池Charger bracket充电座支架Charger充电座/器Check 检查Chuck 锁头Circuit ass’ｙ循环装置Comformity 合格Cord 电线Cover 上盖Current 电流cycle 循环defect 缺陷description名称Dial indication 百分表die cast 铸件dimention 尺寸dispose 处理Drill 电钻driver 电批electric 电气件Fasten-knob钮扣状旋钮Felt seal毛毡封Ferrite bead磁珠Fibre glass sleeve玻纤套Field 定子线圈Filler填空件Filter bag bracker 过滤袋支架Filter frame过滤栏架filter 滤网Filter过滤器finished 表面处理Finished完成的First layer internal gear第一层内齿轮圈First layer sun gear第一层行星齿轮Fitting装配Fit配合Flash闪光/披锋Flex hose弯管/软管Flow mark流痕Foam holder泡沫支架Force力Frequency频率Front cover cabinet 前面壳Front grill前脚架Front housing-gear box牙箱前壳Front support cabinet前底壳Function功能Fuse clip保险管夹Fuse P.C.B ass’y保险丝底板组件Fuse保险丝futtonal 功能Gasket 垫片/圈Gate水口Gauge 量规Gear box adaptor牙箱调整装置Gear box housing 牙箱壳Gear housing cover牙箱盖Gear齿轮Gift box 彩盒Go-no go gauge通止规Grass trimmer剪草机Grease leak 漏油Grease油脂Handle catch手柄扣Handle grip手柄Hardness硬度Heat sink散热器Heat treatment 热处理Hex nut六角螺帽HI-POT高压测试Holder cover支座盖Holder支座Hole test 内径千分尺Hose elbow弯管Hose wrap plate软管扎带Housing cover机壳上盖Housing handle机壳手柄Housing support机壳底座Housing壳I.N.T接触不良I.R 检查报告IC集成电路Idler gear-A变速齿轮“A”Idler gear-B变速齿轮“B”Idler shaftImpact drill(cap)冲击钻(杯)Impeller风扇叶Indicator cover指示器盖Indicator switch knob指示开关旋钮Injection注射Insert refill bottle插入式替换瓶Insert型芯/插入Inspection检验Instruction manual 说明书Instrument 仪器Insultator绝缘体Inverted retaining ring 反向保持介子Key holder锁匙支架Key锁匙Label标签Lanyard手带Latch锁扣/门锁Led发光二极管Left head screw左牙螺丝Lens透镜Leveler accessory水平珠组件Leveler body水平珠本体Leveler cover水平珠盖Lever oil水平珠油Lever-speed change调速杆Lever控制杆Location spacer定位隔离器Louver天窗Lubricant润滑油M.O 订单Machine screw机器螺丝Mark 标记Massage ring按摩环Material材料Metal washer ring 金属介子Metal金属Micrometer千分尺Miltimeter 万用表Model型号Motor 电机Motor accessory马达组件Motor bracket 马达支架Motor fixity-external马达外定位件Motor fixity-internal马达内定位件Motor mounting bracket马达定位架Motor mounting马达定位Motor pulley 马达滑轮Mounting plate杯片Multimeter 万用表Nameplate 铭牌Nonconformity不合格/不一致Nut 螺母O-ring 胶圈Output shaft 轴芯，输出轴Oven 烤炉P&A 人事P.C.B 电路板p/p cover电池盒上座p/p support 电池盒底座Packing 包装Part line 分型线part 零件pedestal台座，基座，垫座PIE 生产工业工程pin 小轴/销pin gauge 芯棒pinion 小齿轮pinion-motor马达牙仔Pivot tube 转轴套plain washer-motor平面介子plant gear 行星齿轮plastic gear塑胶齿轮plastic tape胶纸plastic washer胶介子Plastic 塑胶plate 片plug插头PMC 物料控制Poly bag 塑料袋powder metal粉末冶金Power pack 电池组power功率Project management项目管理projector 投影仪Pulley flange 滑轮法兰pulley flange泵翼purchasing 采购purchasing按钮push rod推杆PVC sleeve PVC套管PVC tube PVC套管QA 质量保证QC 质量控制R&D 工程研发R.O. 接收单Ratchet plate转轮片Ratchet 转轮Rating额定值Rear cover cabinet后面盖Rear housing-gear box牙箱后壳Rear support cabinet后底盖Receptacle 插座Rectifier整流器Recycling label环保标签Reflector cap反光杯Reject退货Remark备注/注释Resistor电阻Reverse反向Revise更改Rework加工Ring 垫圈Ring bolt有环螺钉Ring gear内齿轮圈Rocker switch摇杆开关Roller滚筒/辊子Rotary cap旋转杯Rotor转子Run-out跳动rusty 铸跡rusty生锈的Safety switch安全开关Sampling抽样Sander base磨沙机底座Scrap报废Scratch刮花Screwdriver bit批嘴Screwdriver电批Screw螺丝SDS来货检验资料Second layer internal gear第二层内齿轮圈Second layer planet gear第二层行星齿轮Second layer run gear第二层恒星齿轮Secondary blower flangeSelf-tapping screw自攻螺丝SER 样本评估报告shaft 轴Shaft轴芯Sharp edge锐边Sheet 纸/表格Shrinkable sleeve热缩管Silkscreen 丝印Sinkage缩水Sketch简图Sleeve套子Sliding rod滑动杆Socket (jack)插座Solution tank溶解槽Sort分类Spacer隔离件Speed change knob变速钮Speed速度Spindle gear-A转动齿轮“A”Spindle gear-B转动齿轮“B”Spindle轴芯Spine-ball刺珠Sponge海绵Spotter nozzle定心喷嘴Spring clip弹性夹子Spring plate弹弓片Spring washer弹性介子Spring-torque control扭力控制弹簧Spring弹弓Stator定子Steel roller钢辊子Stopper-motor马达制动Stopper-right右制动Sun gear恒星/太阳齿轮Support cabinet下壳Support下盖Switch button (knob)开关按钮Switch lock锁掣Switch 开关Tape带Tapping type攻牙形式Terminal holder接触片支座Terminal接触片terms 术语Term术语/期间Testure 纹理Thermal protector热保护器Thermal-fuse热感应保险丝Thermostat热敏开关Third layer internal gear第三层内齿轮圈Third layer planet gear第三层行星齿轮Third layer sun gear 第三层恒星齿轮Thread 螺纹Timer定时器Tolerance 公差Top cabinet-charger 充电座面壳Top上部torque meter 扭力表Torque control knob 扭力调节器Torque meter扭力表Torque 扭矩Transformer变压器Heat treatment 热处理Trimmer 剪草机Twisting screwdriver螺旋形电批UL approvel power cord UL认可的电线UL wire AWG 16 black UL16号黑色电线UL wire AWG 16 red UL16号红色电线Unit & accessory主机及附件Urgent紧急U-spring U型弹弓Vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器Variable speed switch变速开关Vibration振动Voltage电压W/o battery paper sleeve 无纸套电池Wall anchors挂墙胶条Washer ring-motor马达介子Washer-ball cover玻璃盖处的介子Washer-clutch扭力杯处的介子Washer-ring环形介子Washer垫片Weld line 夹水纹Zener diode齐纳二极管。