学术英语写作4 How to Prepare the Abstract

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大学英语写作教程4 UNIT 8

➢ The motivation states why you decided to do this research. ➢ It often provides background information in one or two sentences. ➢ The purpose is to introduce the research gap, which is also the problem that this
have achieved in the paper and that is what should be included in the abstract.
III. How to Prepare
Step 2: Review requirements
➢ The requirements of abstracts vary among different types of writing. ➢ Before you draft your abstract, do check the requirements and keep them in mind.
➢ If you did a review, introduce the information, such as • the content. • the number of papers reviewed. • year range, etc.
III. How to Prepare
Step 5: Describe your results (informative abstract only)
• Is there a length limit? • Are there style requirements? • Are you writing an informative or a descriptive abstract?

学术英语如何写好摘要How-to-Write-an-Abstract

The overall objective of this study is… In this paper/study, we aim at…
The work/investigation presented in this paper focuses on…
This research is designed to determine/measure/evaluate…
Classification of abstracts Structure of an informative abstract Features of an abstract
Classification of abstracts
informative abstract - the primary research objective or purpose - method employed in solving the problems - principal findings or results - major conclusions and serves as a substitute for the full paper
Although (the research subject)…, (the related problem)… is as yet undetermined.
(The research subject)…, however, (the related problem)… remains unsolved.
Brief – conveys in as few words as possible the essential information contained in the body of the paper.

学术论文写作How to prepare tables and figures

• 4. Number each figure and table in the order in which they are referred to in the text (figures and tables are numbered separately). • 5. Organize the tables and figures in such an order that they tell a story. • 6. Check with the targeted journal, but typically tables and figures are located on separate pages that follow the Reference section.
How to Devees
• 1. Decide which results to present, paying attention to whether data are best presented within the text or as tables or figures. • 2. Limit the number of tables and figures to those that provide essential information that could not adequately be presented in the text. 3. Design each table and figure to be understandable on its own, without reference to the text.
Placement of Figures and Tables within the Paper

How to Write the Abstract Section-学术英语写作

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Result
Describe your results (informative abstract only). In an informative abstract, you will be asked to provide the results of your study. What is it that you found? What answer did you reach from your research or study? What are the general findings?
3
Getting Your Abstract Started

Write your paper first.
An abstract works to review the entirety of the paper, including the methods and results. it will be an overview of everything you write about in your paper. Save writing your abstract for last, after you have already finished your paper. You will be able to give a much more accurate summary if you do just that - summarize what you've already written.

4
Review and understand any requirements for writing your abstract. The paper you’re writing probably has specific guidelines and requirements, whether it’s for publication in a journal, submission in a class, or part of a work project. Before you start writing, refer to the rubric or guidelines you were pБайду номын сангаасesented with to identify important issues to keep in mind.

Abstract拿高分必用的方法，做到这五点才是关键！

Abstract拿高分必用的方法，做到这五点才是关键！今天来和大家分享留学毕业论文Abstract拿高分的方法，这五点在写的时候一定要特别注意呀！摘要Abstract全文架构写完之后要放最后去写，因为这是一篇论文的内容缩影主要的写法如下▪️第一到二句说明研究意义，结合研究的background▪️介绍研究范围、数据、核心方法及研究内容▪️描述研究成果以及总结概括key findings，可以列出关键数据增强说服力PS：这个是在字数允许情况下哦！▪️最后一句概括研究的应用价值和发展方向这5点一定要注意！大家在写毕业论文Abstract的时候要注意以下的5个问题，我都帮你总结好了：1. 一定要有研究方法和结果因为这个是你的整篇毕业论文的核心内容，如果摘要没有这个，那整个研究的主心骨就没了，这也是导师一上来就会重点看的部分2. 尽可能的包括论文的主要论点和重要细节（重要的论证或数据）文中的一些重要的数据或者是论证在这个部分可以总结一到两句放进去，这也是突出整个论文的亮点以及详细度3. 强调研究中的创新点 innovation points除了分析总结整个论文的内容，基于之前这个领域文献研究的创新点可以放上去如果弥补了某个research gap或者是完善了哪个limitation都可以写上去，体现你在写作研究过程中的critical thinking4. 一般不分段落、注意字数要求不要超过word count一般来说是部分段落的，250-300词左右，具体也要根据每个学校的要求来，有的abstract分两个段落，再多的话就不太建议了5. 注意要采用规范化的名词术语、缩略语、代号、计量单位和标点符号等等Tips关于摘要下面的关键词：1、选出凸显文章学术贡献的词语作为关键词2、一般4-6个左右，根据每篇论文写的内容和具体导师的要求而定3、排列顺序按重要性大小。

英语学术论文写作教程-Unit 4

ew
The presentation of Results is usually followed by Discussion, though the division of the two parts is not rigid. Analysis on the data and report of findings are expected in either the Results section or Discussion section. The purpose of such analysis is to provide interpretation of the results or methods. There is no fixed way of writing this part, but some conventional rules are expected to follow in order to get your results understood and published.
But how are the findings presented? Results can be reported in both written texts and visual illustrations. After the experimental data are collected and analyzed, it is time to present the findings in the Results section.
英语学术论文写作教程（含课后题答案）
Unit 4 Results
Overview
This unit examines the Results section of academic writing. The Results section, one of the essential parts of an academic paper, generally reports the main findings of your research and offers some brief and specific comments on these findings as well. It reflects the researcher’s contribution to the studied topic in a certain field.

Abstract Writing-学术英语写作

calculate estimate measure determine
Method
Sentence
Using…(technique)，we studied… Using…，it was found that… The…was(were)measured using…
16
Example
sentence & vocabulary.
The impacts of our obtained results are ...
Tips:
Abstracts are typically a paragraph or two and should be no more than 10% of the length of the full essay. If you will be combine the main content of the paper and the four template (PARI) connection into the nature sentence, you will get a high quality of the abstract.
9
How
to write a good abstract?
1）Use short sentences.
2）Past tense.
Such as: Describes the author's work usually use the past tense (Because the work was done in the past).On the contrary, work in the statement by these conclusions should be use the present tense.

学术会议英语作文模板

学术会议英语作文模板英文回答：Introduction。

Academic conferences play a pivotal role in fostering intellectual exchange, advancing research, and disseminating knowledge within the academic community. They provide a platform for scholars, researchers, and professionals to share their findings, engage in discussions, and collaborate with peers. As a participant at an academic conference, it is essential to understand the general format and etiquette to ensure a productive and enjoyable experience.Preparation。

Register and Submit an Abstract: The first step is to register for the conference and submit an abstract of your research or project. The abstract should provide a briefoverview of your work, its significance, and the key findings.Prepare Presentation Slides: If your abstract is accepted, you will be asked to prepare a presentation for the conference. Your presentation should be clear, concise, and engaging. Visual aids such as slides or handouts can enhance your presentation and make it more impactful.Network and Engage: Conferences offer an excellent opportunity to connect with other scholars in your field. Take advantage of the social events, coffee breaks, and receptions to introduce yourself, share your work, and learn from others.Conference Etiquette。

如何准备45百字的英文作文

如何准备45百字的英文作文英文回答：To prepare for a 450-word essay, you can follow these steps:1. Understand the prompt: Read the prompt carefully to understand the topic and the specific requirements. Identify the key terms and concepts.2. Gather information: Conduct research on the topic using credible sources such as books, articles, or online resources. Take notes and organize your findings.3. Develop an outline: Create an outline to structure your essay. It should include an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.4. Write the introduction: In the introduction, state the thesis statement, which is the main argument you willsupport in the essay. Provide some background information and engage the reader.5. Develop body paragraphs: Each body paragraph should support the thesis statement. Use evidence from your research and provide specific examples and explanations.6. Write the conclusion: In the conclusion, restate the thesis statement and summarize the main points of the essay. Offer a final thought or call to action.7. Revise and edit: Carefully review your essay for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Check forclarity, coherence, and organization.8. Get feedback: Ask a friend, teacher, or tutor to provide feedback on your essay. They can offer suggestions for improvement and help you identify any areas that need further development.中文回答：准备450字英语作文的步骤：1. 熟悉题目，仔细阅读题目，理解主题和具体要求。

学术论文写作-Unit4

observation
Qualitative Data
II. Sample Reading
1. What information elements does this method section include? Fill in the following table with relevant details from the passage.
I. Warm-up
1. What is the function of the method section?
The method section is the most important aspect of a research paper because it provides the information by which the validity of a study is ultimately judged. Therefore, the researcher must provide a clear and precise description of how an experiment is to be carried out, and the rationale for the specific experimental procedures chosen. It must be written with enough information so that: (1) the experiment could be repeated by others to evaluate whether the results are reproducible, and (2) the readers can judge whether the results and conclusions are valid.

学术英语写作Unit 7 Research Proposal

Your Role
The research is (hopefully) your own. You have to display your knowledge and points of view to be taken seriously. First and foremost, you must be extremely familiar with what you are setting out to do (hence the research proposal). When you quote sources and references, use the information to propel your points of view rather than those of the sources.
Once developed, the research proposal serves as a plan for conducting the research.
Purpose of a research proposal
Research proposals serve a number of purposes. Among them:
➢ They convince others that your research is worth undertaking.
data, materials 6. Expected outcomes (if any)
The purpose of the research (1)
There are many reasons for doing a researchbased program. Research is, after all, finding out something you don't know. One could write a thesis to review and explain collated（核对的） factual data. One could also conduct analytical research to study a particular subject in depth. One could discuss, debate and/or argue a certain topic, or come out with a new hypothesis/theory. On the other hand, one could also try persuading others to believe in what s/he is proposing.

大学英语写作教程4 UNIT 7

I. What Is a Research Proposal?
A research proposal is a coherent and concise summary of the proposed research.
➢ It sets out the key issues or questions that you want to address. ➢ Besides the aims and objectives, a research proposal also provides
III. How to Prepare
Step 3 Create a title page if applicable
➢ A title page introduces • the title of the proposal • the author’s name • the institution the author is affiliated to
III. How to Prepare
Step 4 Summarize the proposal in your abstract
➢ The abstract is a summary of the main ideas addressed in your proposal. ➢ It should include
➢ Consider the following questions for the implications. • What will the results contribute to the knowledge of the field under investigation? • How will the results challenge the theoretical framework? • Will the results influence current methods of research?

研究生学术英语写作教程Unit4DescribingMethodology

Unit 4 Describing MethodologyObjectives─ Be clear about the significance of this section─ Try to understand the importance of passive voice in academic writing─ Learn to be skilled in using sequential markers in writing a process─ Be familiar with proof-reading skills─ Learn to design a questionnaireContents─ Brief introduction to this section─ Reading & Discussion: What information elements are usually involved in writing a methodology section?─ Language Focus: Passive voice and sequential markers─ Writing Practice: Understanding the sentence patterns and sentence order in writing a process─ Writing Project: How to design a questionnaire1.Reading ActivityIn natural sciences the method section is often called Materials and Methods. In social sciences it is common to introduce a section called Theory and Methods. Sometimes it is divided in two sections: Theoretical Framework and Methods.Research methodology is mainly concerned with the answers to the following questions:1) Why is a particular research study undertaken?2) How has one formulated a research problem?3) What types of data have been collected?4) What particular methods have been used?5) Why is a particular technique of analysis of data used?1.1Pre-reading TaskThe following is the method section of a research article in the field of applied linguistics. Think about the following questions before reading the text and then havea discussion with your classmates:1) What is the function of the method section?2) What information elements does a method section include?3) What verb tenses are mainly used in the text? What is the proportion of activevoice verbs to passive voice verbs in this method section?1.2 Reading PassageEnglish for College Students in Taiwan:A Study of perceptions of English Needs in a Medical ContextThe experiment was initiated to investigate perceptions of English needs in a medical context among college students in Taiwan.The subjects were 341 medical students in the Department of Medicine, including 97 freshmen, 74 sophomores, 90 juniors, and 80 seniors, and 20 faculty members in the medical program at Chung Shan Medical College in Taichung, Taiwan, China.Two questionnaires were developed for the survey, based on two earlier survey instruments by Taylor & Hussein (1985) and Guo (1989). The questionnaires were translated into Chinese, piloted, and modified according to the feedback from l0 respondents: six medical students and four faculty members from Chung Shan Medical College. The questionnaire given to the medical students consisted of five sections of 23 questions, the topics of which were the importance of English incollege and professional careers, perceived language skill needs and problems, the activities needed in a freshman language course, and suggestions for development of course content and materials as well as demographic information. The faculty questionnaire consisted of four sections of l6 questions, which were parallel to those in the version given to the students except no demographic information was gathered (see Appendix).One of the authors, a faculty member at Chung Shan Medical College, selected one required class for each group of students (freshmen sophomores, juniors and seniors). Copies of the student questionnaire for administration to the students were then sent to cooperating instructors teaching these courses; copies of the faculty questionnaire were given to 20 teachers who were willing to complete the survey.The data were computer-analyzed using an SPSS program: in the questionnaire, percentages were determined for all questions except 8 and 13 for which means were computed. Chi-square, t-tests, and ANOVA analyses (方差分析) were conducted in order to determine the perceptions of English language needs of medical college students and their faculty and to compare the perceptions held by the various groups.( Pang, 2008)1.3 Reading Comprehension1.3.1 Fill in the following table with relevant details from the passage. Research objectiveResearch subjectsResearch locationMaterialsProcedureStatistical analysis1.3.2 Understand more about the method section of this research. Whatdo you know about the questionnaires used in the survey?2. Language Focus2.1 Passive voiceThe passive voice is usually used in academic writing, because passive structures have less subjective coloring in most cases than active ones. When describing a process or a scientific experiment, it is important to write in a neutral style, as an observer. To do this, you can use passive voice. There are three instances in which the passive voice is recommended: 1) when we do not know or do not care about who has performed the action; 2) when we focus on the receiver instead of the performer of the action; and 3) when we would like to remain in a neutral or objective position in writing. More examples from the methodology section are as follows:1) The study was conducted at the beginning of the semester and the final one was given at the end of the semester. ( procedure )2) In summer, the greenhouse was cooled by pulling in air through water saturated pads on the south end of the building. ( specially designed material )3) The quartz reactors tested for this work are fabricated by the A&B Sales Company of Wheeling, Leeds, UK. ( instrument )4) In order to provide a broad sampling of college students, respondents were recruited from diverse fields of study. ( sampling )5) The final scores were computed into mean averages (X) and standard deviations (SD). ( statistical analysis)2.1.1 Go over the Reading Passage and mark verbs in the passive voiceand then complete the following table:2.1.2 Rewrite the following text with passive voice.Some people consider a poison ivy infection to be humorous. But it is not funny at all. Contact with the plant causes a rash that has the intensity of a fresh mosquito bite and lasts for several days. Scientists have studied poison ivy infection for centuries, but they have found no preventive pill or inoculation. The poisonous substance in the plant is called urushiol. After urushiol has touched the skin, blisters and weeping sores will soon cover the exposed area.2.2 Sequential markersA process paragraph explains how to do something or how something works. Process paragraphs are usually developed step-by-step in a chronological or logical sequence. The following sequencing expressions are more frequently used to link steps in a description of a process or to divide a process into steps:● Firstly … To begin with … First of all … etc.● Secondly … Next … After that … In addition … etc.● Finally … Lastly …The following sentences describe a process of making paper. Use sequential words and rewrite them into a cohesive paragraph.1) The logs are placed in the shredder.2) They are cut into small chips and mixed with water and acid.3) They are heated and crushed to a heavy pulp which is cleaned.4) It is chemically bleached to whiten it.5) It is passed through rollers to flatten it.6). Sheets of wet paper are produced.7) The water is removed from the sheets which are pressed, dried and refined and the finished paper is produced.3. Writing PracticeA well organized, logically ordered and easily understandable chapter on methodology makes the thesis a really outstanding work. Normally, a method section includes:1) Overview of the experiment: one sentence briefly tells what was done (like a topicsentence);2) Population: state the people/subjects studied, or the things tested;3) Location : where the study took place;4) Restriction/Limiting conditions: precautions taken to make sure that the data are valid;5) Sampling Techniques : describe how the subject are selected for the study;6) Materials : describe the materials used to conduct the study or experiment;7) Procedures : State the steps of the experiment in a chronological order;8) Statistical Treatment: describe how the statistics are examined.Of all the items on this list, the only items that are always included in the method section are the materials and procedures.3.1 Read the following sentences. They are all taken from method sections from different research articles. In each case, determine which information element is represented.(1) A total of 369 participants of European origins (52.7% female) with a mean age of27.2 years were recruited by research assistants in public places in the Montrealregion.(2) The data used for the current analysis consists of 60 texts taken from 20engineering journals.(3) Experimenters approached potential participants by introducing themselves asstudents from the University of Quebec in Montreal and then asked if they would accept to participate in a short study on facial expressions.(4) The study aims to examine the use of SEF as a tool for providing evidence ofteaching effectiveness in tertiary education.(5) The results of the two questionnaires were subjected to statistical tests ofreliability and significance using SPSS.(6) Envelopes containing the survey materials were sent to the local business managerof each union. In the envelopes, there was a cover letter explaining the project, the questionnaire itself, and a pre-paid return envelope. The union business manager was contacted and asked to select workers from his union and to send the envelopes to the chosen workers.(7) The participants were 90 first-year students from the School of Foreign Languagesat a major university in Nanjing. Their average age was 18 years old. They constituted a convenience sample.(8) The investigation was performed in a national laboratory affiliated to a researchcenter for industrial automation in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.3.2 Completing sentencesThe following words and phrasal verbs are more commonly used in Method Section Subjects / participants choose, include, recruit,volunteered / paid to participate, …Materials be composed of, be located, be installed,be equipped with, obtain, supply, …Research designapply, employ, develop, resort to, use, …Procedurecarry out, follow, perform, propose, …Complete the following paragraph by translating Chinese into English.A group of MBA students from a major metropolitan state university were recruited as participants for the investigation. （1）（问卷调查实施）after the topic of the BSC had been discussed in the course. 136 students enrolled in a managerial accounting course ( 2 ) （完成了此次问卷. _( 3 )_（表2给出了这些参与者的背景信息）. As is shown, the majority of participants are male. _( 4 ) _（参与者的平均年龄约29岁）, _( 5 )_（平均工作经历约6年）, and the mean number of accounting classes was approximately four.(Liu, 2008)1)_________________________________________________________________2)_________________________________________________________________3)_________________________________________________________________4)_________________________________________________________________5)_________________________________________________________________3.3 Reordering sentencesThe following is the method section of a research article from the field of engineering with sentences in a scrambled order. Please rearrange them in a more conventional order. Write the sequential number in the box on the right side of the table below.a The data was rank-ordered from the lowest X value of 1.2 tothe highest of 3.8--- see Table 2 below.b The SD scores show to what extent the teachers agreedamong themselves when judging the gravity of each error.c The survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire, inwhich the errors appeared in a random order.d The assessors were instructed to view each error in itscontext and determine to what extent it deviated fromnormal English.e The questionnaire included the context in which each errorhad occurred and a marking scale ranging from 0 for "noerror” to 5 for “the most severe error".f After scoring, the assessors were given the option to writedown the principles that guided them in their scoring.g The scores were computed into mean averages (X) andstandard deviations (SD).h Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical data in the textrefer to the mean average scores.i The higher the SD score, the more diverse the assessors'opinions regarding the gravity of the item.3.4 Rewriting sentencesThe following sentences are taken from method sections of different published articles. Rewrite each sentence to make it more acceptable.(1) Table 5 shows the number of students per level and their L1 languagebackgrounds which are represented.__________________________________________________________________(2) Two questionnaires which were administered respectively to the personnel officersand business employees show a similar result in terms of their perception of the use of English in their firm.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ (3) The scores of the two raters were averaged and all the data were entered forstatistical analysis._________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ (4) The model which was used in the experiment was a modified version of the 2006Test package, which was originally developed by the Morrison Research Institute._________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ (5) Gray (1998) studied the effectiveness of the new schedule. He used scores on theStanford Achievement Test as the measure.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ (6) Having explained the directions, the students began to write.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ (7) The schedule was in effect only 1 year, with students achieving better results.__________________________________________________________________ (8) The teacher put the assignment on the board, and then she checked the roll andfound that three students were absent.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (9) School administrators who are interested in making changes that are not tooexpensive or too complex for the most part have been overly receptive to simplistic solutions.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ (10) One of the obstacles that deter the installation of solar energy systems that aredesigned to achieve the savings that are important to all people is the reluctance of those same individuals to make large capital investments.__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________3.5 Turning notes into a passageYou are required to write the method section of a research paper about the experiment to investigate into students’ preferences and attitudes towards sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages. Pay particular attention to the choice of tense and voice.Aim of research To determine student’s preferences and attitudestoward sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetenedbeverages.Research subjects Ten people, five male and five female students, froma Science English class 1, chosen at random Materials Thirty straws, two cups, one blindfold, and twocontainers of Kool-Aid, a popular drink in the UnitedStates, one container with four cups of orange Kool-Aid sweetened with one half cup of sugar, the othercontainer with four cups of orange Kool-aidsweetened with 9 packets of Nutrasweet brandartificial sweetener.Procedure Ten volunteer students, five males, into two lines, one for males and the other for females. Alternately, men and women test, a blindfold over the eyes of the tester, he/she could not see, the two cups filled with beverage, one with artificially-sweetened Kool-Aid and the other with sugar-sweetened Kool-Aid. Then three questions asked from a survey and the answers tabulated. Next, use a straw, a sip from each cup.Data treatment The final two questions on the survey and the answers tabulated; finally, the remaining drink thrown away, and the next tester came forward, repeated the process.4. Writing Project4.1 Gathering information for a method section.You are required to write the method section of a research paper in the field of English language class attendance with the information elements given below. Gather information for your research.Aim of research To investigate into the status quo of your group ofstudents’ attendance in English classroom andreasons for absence.Research subjectsSampling techniquesMaterials mProceduresData treatment4.2 Designing a questionnaireThe design of a questionnaire will depend on whether the researcher wishes to collect exploratory information (i.e. qualitative information for the purposes of better understanding or the generation of hypotheses on a subject) or quantitative information (to test specific hypotheses that have previously been generated).A good questionnaire is one that: 1) enables collection of accurate data in a timely manner; 2) facilitates the work of data collection, data processing and the tabulation of data; 3) ensures that there is no collection of non-essential information; and 4) permits comprehensive and meaningful analysis as well as purposeful utilization of the data collected to ensure that the technical task of the questionnaire receives the various input that it requires.Types of questionsThere are many different types of questions you can use to get the information that you need. In the main, these fall into open and closed questions. An open question allows the respondents to use their own words to answer, e. g., “What do you think are the main causes of racism?” A closed question gives them pre-defined options, e.g., “Which of the following do you think are the main causes of racism: a, b, c, d”.The pros and cons of each are given in the following table.Rating design in a questionnaire: Look closely at the following example of a rating design.Please rate the quality of the medical insurance of this company.□ Poor □ Fair □ GoodThere are nine steps involved in the development of a questionnaire:1. Decide the information required;2. Define the target respondents;3. Choose the method(s) of reaching your target respondents;4. Decide on question content;5. Develop the question wording;6. Put questions into a meaningful order and format;7. Check the length of the questionnaire;8. Pre-test the questionnaire;9. Develop the final survey form.Now work in groups of four, and design a questionnaire to obtain information about students’ attendance and causes for their absence.4.3 Drafting your method sectionBegin your writing now with the information you have just obtained from your survey.5. Final ChecklistRevision gives you an opportunity to take another look at what you have written. Therefore, you have to do some extra work to revise your draft. Here are some general rules for your check.。

学术英语abstract写作

rather limited. Further research is needed to come to conclusive
statements about the latter.
recommendation
thesis
background
Third-hand Smoke
The harm of smoking has long been studied by researchers and many people
Writing an Abstract
2021/10/10
1
What is an abstract?
An abstract is a summary of a scientific
article or a research paper. It covers the
main points of a piece of writing.
the mechanism of
the analysis of
the dependence of
an account of
automation of
2021/10/10
…
is outlined
is described
is addressed
is examined
was carried out
was established
个要素，因而需要缩减摘要的字数和内容。经过压
缩的摘要通常只能突出两个或三个要点，其中最重
要的应该是阐明研究的结果。简要的资料性摘要往
往省略背景知识。如果允许的字数范围内，摘要可
以在最后用一到两句话进行总结并提出建议。一篇
简要的资料性摘要的内容通常包括：

准备开题英文作文范文

准备开题英文作文范文英文：As I prepare to start my research project, I am filled with both excitement and anxiety. On one hand, I am eager to delve into a topic that I am passionate about and contribute new insights to the field. On the other hand, I am nervous about the amount of work and dedication thatwill be required to complete this project successfully.One of the biggest challenges I anticipate is staying organized and managing my time effectively. In order to address this, I plan to create a detailed schedule with specific deadlines for each stage of the project. I will also make use of productivity tools such as Pomodoro timers and task lists to help me stay on track.Another challenge I foresee is finding reliable sources of information and synthesizing them into a coherent argument. To overcome this, I will utilize a variety ofresearch methods, including interviews, surveys, and literature reviews. I will also seek feedback from my advisor and peers to ensure that my argument is well-supported and well-articulated.Ultimately, I believe that this project will be a valuable learning experience that will help me develop my research skills and deepen my understanding of the subject matter. I am excited to embark on this journey and seewhere it takes me.中文：当我准备开始我的研究项目时，我既充满了兴奋又感到焦虑。

准备开题英文作文范文

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学术比赛前的准备英语作文

学术比赛前的准备英语作文The first day of high school, I had some thoughts and feelings. The passage of time always gives someone something special.I'm a little excited about being in a new environment. Being able to meet new classmates and teachers is my greatest reward. In the next three years, we will learn, work hard, and progress together to make our dreams come true. I will make new friends and share joys and sorrows with them. The process of learning is also a process of growth.Likewise, I will face many difficulties. I may have difficulty studying and getting along with my classmates, and there are some pressures in my life. However, I will get stronger and get through every step of the three years of high school.Today is the first day of school. The students take Doudou to school, and they can finally meet your classmates.It's not easy, like the second class in the afternoon! Physical education is our free activity, you can do whatever you want.We entered the playground and immediately ran to the seesaw. Jian Guiduan and I looked at each other. As soon as I got up, she was staggered by our feet, which gave us a lot of strength, swinnup ain. Having said this, Qin Ren had another thought, and he would oscillate with me in the sword return section, and go over with his son Fros, if he hit them, he would lose. At the beginning, the sword and I cut off the attack: before and after she moved forward, and I moved forward, so as not to get past. Having said that, Jian Guiduan closed his eyes and said, "I will be proud of whoever can provoke me when I play. At this moment, Qin Ren was tried once and was targeted by Jian Guiduan. Yes, we won! We're tired of playing this one and switch to another. positionWe held hands, one body forward, one body forward, one body forward, and then, to dizziness, in sati let, whoever wins throws the distance. We were left far away, Auntie and Tan Renfar, she won, Jin Ling, Jin Ling... The get out of class was over, and it ended with Lauter. We reluctantly returned to the classroom。