2018石家庄小升初真题卷及解析
2018年石家庄市小学毕业小升初模拟数学试题(共6套)附详细答案附答案
小升初数学试卷58一、填空题:(每题2分,共20分)1、6公顷80平方米=________平方米,42毫升=________立方厘米=________立方分米,80分=________时.2、奥运会每4年举办一次.北京奥运会是第29届,那么第24届是在________年举办的.3、在横线里填写出分母都小于12的异分母最简分数.=________+________=________+________.4、一个圆柱形的水桶,里面盛有18升水,正好盛满,如果把一块与水桶等底等高的圆锥形实心木块完全浸入水中,这时桶内还有________升水.5、如果a= b,那么a与b成________比例,如果= ,那么x与y成________比例.6、花店里有两种玫瑰花,3元可以买4枝红玫瑰,4元可以买3枝黄玫瑰,红玫瑰与黄玫瑰的单价的最简整数比是________.7、一个四位数4AA1能被3整除,A=________.8、如图,两个这样的三角形可以拼成一个大三角形,拼成后的三角形的三个内角的度数比是________或者________.9、如图,把一张三角形的纸如图折叠,面积减少.已知阴影部分的面积是50平方厘米,则这张三角形纸的面积是________平方厘米.10、有一串数,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,…,这串数从左开始数第________个分数是.二、选择题:(每题2分,共16分)11、甲、乙两堆煤同样重,甲堆运走,乙堆运走吨,甲、乙两堆剩下的煤的重量相比较()A、甲堆重B、乙堆重C、一样重D、无法判断12、下面能较为准确地估算12.98×7.09的积的算式是()A、12×7B、13×7C、12×8D、13×813、已知a能整除19,那么a()A、只能是19B、是1或19C、是19的倍数D、一定是3814、甲数除以乙数的商是5,余数是3,若甲、乙两数同时扩大10倍,那么余数()A、不变B、是30C、是0.3D、是30015、小圆半径与大圆直径之比为1:4,小圆面积与大圆面积比为()A、1:2B、1:4C、1:8D、1:1616、下面的方框架中,()具有不易变形的特性.A、B、C、D、17、在下面形状的硬纸片中,把它按照虚线折叠,能折成一个正方体的是()A、B、C、D、18、一个长9厘米、宽6厘米、高3厘米的长方体,切割成3个体积相等的长方体,表面积最大可增加()A、36平方厘米B、72平方厘米C、108平方厘米D、216平方厘米三、计算题:(共24分)19、计算下列各题,能简算的要简算:(1)69.58﹣17.5+13.42﹣2.5(2)×(×19﹣)(3)+ + +(4)[1﹣(﹣)]÷ .20、求未知数x的值:(1):x=15%:0.18(2)x﹣x﹣5=18.四、动手操作题:21、如图(1),一个长方形纸条从正方形的左边开始以每秒2厘米的速度沿水平方向向右行驶,如图(2)是运动过程中长方形纸条和正方形重叠部分的面积与运动时间的关系图.(1)运动4秒后,重叠部分的面积是多少平方厘米?(2)正方形的边长是多少厘米?(3)在图(2)的空格内填入正确的时间.五、应用题:(第1题~第4题每题6分,第5题8分,共32分)22、泰州地区进入高温以来,空调销售火爆,下面是两商场的促销信息:文峰大世界:满500元送80元.五星电器:打八五折销售.“新科”空调两商场的挂牌价均为每台2000元;“格力”空调两商场的挂牌价均为每台2470元.问题:如果你去买空调,在通过计算比较一下,买哪种品牌的空调到哪家商场比较合算?23、两辆汽车同时从A地出发,沿一条公路开往B地.甲车比乙车每小时多行5千米,甲车比乙车早小时到达途中的C地,当乙车到达C地时,甲车正好到达B地.已知C地到B地的公路长30千米.求A、B 两地之间相距多少千米?24、盒子里有两种不同颜色的棋子,黑子颗数的等于白子颗数的.已知黑子颗数比白子颗数多42颗,两种棋子各有多少颗?25、一个长方体的木块,它的所有棱长之和为108厘米,它的长、宽、高之比为4:3:2.现在要将这个长方体削成一个体积最大的圆柱体,这个圆柱体体积是多少立方厘米?26、甲、乙、丙三人合作完成一项工程,共得报酬1800元,三人完成这项工程的情况是:甲、乙合作8天完成工程的,接着乙、丙又合作2天,完成余下的,然后三人合作5天完成了这项工程,按劳付酬,各应得报酬多少元?答案解析部分一、<b >填空题:(每题2</b><b >分,共20</b><b>分)</b>1、【答案】60080;42;0.042;1【考点】时、分、秒及其关系、单位换算与计算,面积单位间的进率及单位换算,体积、容积进率及单位换算【解析】【解答】解:(1)6公顷80平方米=60080平方米;(2)42毫升=42立方厘米=0.042立方分米(3)80分=时.故答案为:60080,42,0.042,.【分析】(1)把6公顷乘进率10000化成80000平方米再与80平方米相加.(2)立方厘米与毫升是等量关系二者互化数值不变;低级单位立方厘米化高级单位立方分米除以进率1000.(3)低级单位分化高级单位时除以进率60.2、【答案】1988【考点】日期和时间的推算【解析】【解答】解:29﹣24=5(届),4×5=20(年),2008﹣20=1988(年).答:第24届汉城奥运会是在1988年举办的.故答案为:1988.【分析】要求第24届奥运会是在那年举办,要先求出24届与29届相差几届,根据每4年举办一次,相差几届,就是几个4年,然后用2008减去相差的时间,即得到24届的举办时间.3、【答案】;;;【考点】最简分数【解析】【解答】解:故答案为:、、、.【分析】根据要求,把写成分母都小于12的异分母最简分数,把分子11写成9+2,变成,然后约分即可,再把11写成8+3,变成进行约分.4、【答案】12【考点】关于圆锥的应用题【解析】【解答】解:18×(1﹣)=18×=12(升)答:这时桶内还有12升水.【分析】把一块与水桶等底等高的圆锥形实心木块完全浸入水中,说明圆锥占据的体积是里面水的体积的,那桶内的水是原来的(1﹣),根据分数乘法的意义,列式解答即可.5、【答案】正;反【考点】正比例和反比例的意义【解析】【解答】解:因为a=b,所以a:b= (一定)是比值一定;所以a与b成正比例;因为=,所以xy=15×8=120(一定)所以x与y成反比例.故答案为:正,反.【分析】判断两个相关联的量成什么比例,就看这两种量是对应的比值一定,还是对应的乘积一定,如果是比值一定,就成正比例,如果是乘积一定,就成反比例,由此逐一分析即可解答.6、【答案】9:16【考点】求比值和化简比【解析】【解答】解:红玫瑰:3÷4=0.75(元)黄玫瑰:4÷3=(元)0.75:=(0.75×12):(×12)=9:16;答:甲、乙两种铅笔的单价的最简整数比是9:16.故答案为:9:16.【分析】根据“总价÷数量=单价”,分别求出红玫瑰与黄玫瑰的单价,再作比化简即可.7、【答案】2或5或8【考点】2、3、5的倍数特征【解析】【解答】解:当和为9时:4+A+A+1=9,A=2,当和为12时:4+A+A+1=12,A=3.5,当和为15时:4+A+A+1=15,A=5,当和为18时:4+A+A+1=18,A=6.5,当和为21时:4+A+A+1=121,A=8.故答案为:2或5或8.【分析】能被3整除,说明各个数位上的数相加的和能被3整除,4+A+A+1的和一定是3的倍数,因为A 是一个数字,只能是0、1、2、3、…、9中的某一个整数,最大值只能是9.若A=9,那么4+A+A+1=23,23<24,那么它们的数字和可能是6,9,12,15,18,21,当和为6时,A=0.5不行;当和等于9时,A=2,可以;当和为12时,A=3.5不行;当和为15时,A=5可以;当和为18时,A=6.5不行;当和为21时,A 等于8可以.8、【答案】1:1:1;1:1:4【考点】图形的拼组【解析】【解答】解:(1)当以长直角边为公共边时,如图它的三个角的度数的比是:(30°+30°):60°:60°=60°:60°:60°=1:1:1;(2)当以短直角边时,如图它的三个角的度数的比是30°:30°:(60°+60°)=30°:30°:120°=1:1:4.故答案位:1:1:1或者1:1:4.【分析】两个这样的三角形拼成一个大三角形的方法有两种,一种是以长直角边为公共边,另一种是以短直角边为公共边,然后根据各个角的度数,算出它们之间的比,据此解答.9、【答案】200【考点】简单图形的折叠问题【解析】【解答】解:因为折叠后面积减少,所以阴影部分的面积占三角形纸的面积的:1﹣﹣=,所以角形纸的面积:50÷=200(平方厘米).答:张三角形纸的面积是200平方厘米.故答案为:200.【分析】根据面积减少,先求出阴影部分面占三角形纸的面积的份数,即1﹣﹣=,然后用阴影部分面积除以所占的份数计算即可得解.10、【答案】111【考点】数列中的规律【解析】【解答】解:分母是11的分数一共有;2×11﹣1=21(个);从分母是1的分数到分母是11的分数一共:1+3+5+7+ (21)=(1+21)×11÷2,=22×11÷2,=121(个);还有10个分母是11的分数;121﹣10=111;是第111个数.故答案为:111.【分析】分母是1的分数有1个,分子是1;分母是2的分数有3个,分子是1,2,1;分母是3的分数有5个,分子是1,2,3,2,1;分母是4的分数有7个;分子是1,2,3,4,3,2,1.分数的个数分别是1,3,5,7…,当分母是n时有2n﹣1个分数;由此求出从分母是1的分数到分母是11的分数一共有多少个;分子是自然数,先从1增加,到和分母相同时再减少到1;所以还有10个分母是11的分数,由此求解.二、<b >选择题:(每题2</b><b >分,共16</b><b>分)</b>11、【答案】D【考点】分数的意义、读写及分类【解析】【解答】解:由于不知道这两堆煤的具体重量,所以无法确定哪个剩下的多.故选:D.【分析】由于不知道这两堆煤的具体重量,所以无法确定哪个剩下的多:如果两堆煤同重1吨,第一堆用去它的,即用了1×= 吨,即两堆煤用的同样多,则剩下的也一样多;如果两堆煤重量多于1吨,第二堆用的就多于吨,则第一堆剩下的多;如果两堆煤重量少于1吨,第二堆的就少于堆,则第二堆剩下的多;据此即可解答.12、【答案】B【考点】数的估算【解析】【解答】解:因为12.98×7.09≈13×7,所以较为准确地估算12.98×7.09的积的算式是B.故选:B.【分析】根据小数乘法的估算方法:把相乘的因数看成最接近它的整数来算.12.98最接近13,7.09最接近7,所以较为准确地估算12.98×7.09的积的算式是B.13、【答案】B【考点】整除的性质及应用【解析】【解答】解:因为a能整除19,所以19÷a的值是一个整数,因为19=1×19,所以a是1或19.故选:B.【分析】若a÷b=c,a、b、c均是整数,且b≠0,则a能被b、c整除,或者说b、c能整除a.因为a能整除19,所以19÷a的值是一个整数,所以a是1或19.14、【答案】B【考点】商的变化规律【解析】【解答】解:甲数除以乙数商是5,余数是3,如果甲数和乙数同时扩大10倍,那么商不变,仍然是5,余数与被除数和除数一样,也扩大了10倍,应是30.例如;23÷4=5…3,则230÷40=5…30.故选:B.【分析】根据商不变的性质“被除数和除数同时扩大或缩小相同的倍数(0除外),商不变”,可确定商仍然是5;但是余数变了,余数与被除数和除数一样,也扩大了10倍,由此确定余数是30.15、【答案】B【考点】比的意义,圆、圆环的面积【解析】【解答】解:设小圆半径为x,则大圆直径为4x,由题意得:小圆面积:πx2大圆面积:π(4x÷2)2=4πx2所以小圆面积与大圆面积比:πx2:4πx2=1:4故选:B.【分析】设小圆半径为x,则大圆直径为4x,利用圆的面积=πr2,分别计算得出大圆与小圆的面积即可求得它们的比.16、【答案】A【考点】三角形的特性【解析】【解答】解:因为三角形具有不易变形的特点,平行四边形具有容易变形的特点,图中只有A中有三角形,所以选择A.故选:A.【分析】根据三角形和平行四边形的知识,知道三角形具有不易变形的特点,平行四边形具有容易变形的特点,图中只有A中有三角形,据此判断.17、【答案】B【考点】正方体的展开图【解析】【解答】解:根据正方体展开图的特征,选项A、C、D不能折成正方体;选项B能折成一个正方体.故选:B.【分析】根据正方体展开图的11种特征,选项A、C、D都不是正方体展开图,不能折成正方体;只有选项B属于正方体展开图的“1﹣4﹣1”型,能折成一个正方体.18、【答案】D【考点】简单的立方体切拼问题【解析】【解答】解:9×6×4=216(平方厘米),答:表面积最大可增加216平方厘米.故选:D.【分析】根据长方体切割小长方体的特点可得:要使切割后表面积增加的最大,可以平行于原长方体的最大面,即9×6面,进行切割,这样表面积就会增加4个原长方体的最大面;据此解答.三、<b >计算题:(共24</b><b >分)</b>19、【答案】(1)解:69.58﹣17.5+13.42﹣2.5=(69.58+13.42)﹣(17.5+2.5)=83﹣20=63;(2)解:×(×19﹣)= × ×(19﹣1)= × ×18=9(3)解:+ + += ×(﹣+ ﹣+ ﹣+ ﹣)= ×(﹣)= ×= ;(4)解:[1﹣(﹣)]÷=[1﹣]÷= ÷=1【考点】运算定律与简便运算,分数的四则混合运算【解析】【分析】(1)利用加法交换律与减法的性质简算;(2)利用乘法分配律简算;(3)把分数拆分简算;(4)先算小括号里面的减法,再算中括号里面的减法,最后算除法.20、【答案】(1)解::x=15%:0.1815%x=0.18×15%x=0.2715%x÷15%=0.27÷15%x=1.8;(2)解:x﹣x﹣5=18x﹣5=18x﹣5+5=18+5x=23x×3=23×3x=69【考点】方程的解和解方程,解比例【解析】【分析】(1)先根据比例的基本性质:两内项的积等于两外项的积,把方程转化为15%x=0.18×,再依据等式的性质,方程两边同除以15%求解;(2)先化简方程得x﹣5=18,再依据等式的性质,方程两边同加上5再同乘上3求解.四、<b >动手操作题:</b>21、【答案】(1)解:长方形的长是:2×4=8(厘米),宽是2厘米,重叠的面积是:8×2=16(平方厘米);答:运行4秒后,重叠面积是16平方厘米。
2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷一、找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项.(5分)1.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.School B.chair C.China D.much2.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.These B.brother C.both D.with3.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.What B.which C.white D.whose4.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.Short B.Horse C.Worth D.forty5.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.Heavy B.sweater C.meat D.bread二、词型转换.(10分)6.(10分)词型转换(1)country (复数)(2)far (比较级)(3)open (现在分词)(4)quick (副词)(5)sea(同音词)(6)we(形容词性物主代词)(7)one (序数词)(8)hear (同音词)(9)sun(形容词)(10)ran(原形).三、选择填空.(10分)7.(1分)After school we usually play _________ soccer for half _________ hour on _________ sports ground.()A./;an;the B.the;a;the C./;a;/D.the;an;a8.(1分)﹣Is she a bus driver?﹣_________.She is a postwoman.()A.No,she isn't B.Yes,she is C.No,she is D.Yes,she isn't9.(1分)Can you help my child ______ his science ______ Tuesday mornings?()A.in;in B.with;on C.for;at D.with;at 10.(1分)﹣Is this your shoe?﹣Yes,it is,but where is _________?()A.the others B.other one C.another D.the other one11.(1分)That storybook is very _________.The children are _________ in it.()A.interesting;interest B.interest;interestedC.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting12.(1分)There _________ a ruler and some pencils in the pencil﹣box.()A.be B.is C.are D.has 13.(1分)It often rains __________ in the summer of Nanjing.()A.strong B.big C.hard D.heavy 14.(1分)The basketball ______________ the bed isn't mine.()A.under B.is under C.is on D.is15.(1分)Thank you ________ giving me so much help.()A.to B.for C.with D.in16.(1分)What did you do last night?I did my homework and _______ TV.()A.Watch B.Watched C.will watch D.am watching四、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填充.(5分)17.(1分)My sister usually(do)her homework at 7 in the morning.18.(1分)They are going(fish)tomorrow.19.(1分)﹣﹣﹣What is your hobby?﹣﹣﹣﹣.(dance)20.(1分)The weather gets(cold)in winter.21.(1分)The pair of jeans(be)yours,it isn't mine.五、句型转换.(10分)22.(2分)Sarah often reads books in the morning.(改为疑问句)23.(2分)Sometimes I go to the cinema with Nick on Saturday.(就划线部分提问)24.(2分)That is a sheep over there.(改为复数形式)25.(2分)What does Kate do?(同义句改写)Kate?26.(2分)You can't play football on the street.(祈使句)六、下面的句子有一处错误,请在错误处划线,并在横线上改正.(5分)27.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Would you like anything to eat?A B C D28.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正He is sitting behind I !A B C D29.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正The socks in the school is Kate's.A B C30.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Is it he bag?A B C31.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Who's jackets are these?A B C九、完形填空.(10分)32.(10分)Xiao Ling is a middle school student.She likes English and she is good it.She often her parents about her English study.Now she is talking her father about her English study again.Xiao Ling says,"Look,Dad,this is our new English book.There are a lot of interesting in it."Mmm,not bad.Do you speak only English in class,does your teacher explain (解释)everything to you in Chinese?""Oh,our teacher speaks to only in English.Sometimes it's not easy for usher,but she says listening and speaking help."I think she's right.Does she speak English very slowly?" "Not.Sometimes we don't understand her.Then she has to say it again.""It's interesting to study English,isn't it?" "Yes.And I'm going to work at it in the new school year." "That's good.I'm sure you'll study better."( 1 )A.in B.with C.at D.about( 2 )A.tells B.speaks C.says D.talks( 3 )A.for B.with C.about D.on( 4 )A.story B.a story C.stories D.storys( 5 )A.and B.but C.how D.or( 6 )A.we B.our C.us D.ours(7 )A.to understand B.Understand C.understanding D.understand(8 )A.many B.a lot C. a lot of D.too many(9 )A.always B.sometimes C.good D.speak(10 )A.hard B.harder C.the harder D.hardest八、阅读理解.(10分)33.(5分)阅读理解.The Road family often does housework together at the weekends.Pam often cleans bedrooms.Her father buys groceries (食品杂货)for the next week.Her mum washes the clothes.John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden.The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.In the park,they can play basketball and football.They always have a good time there.It is happy when a family works and plays together.1.How many people are there in the Road family?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2.The Road family likes to.A.go on a picnic B.go shopping C.have a rest D.go to the park3.When the family work together,they feel.A.Tired B.Happy C.Angry D.sad4.cuts the grass in the garden.A.Father B.Mother C.Pam D.John5.A good title (标题)for the passage is.A.A family works and plays together B.Cleaning the roomsC.A happy family D.Pam and her parents.34.(5分)阅读理解Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper.There is a big black dot in the middle of the white paper.Miss Green put up this piece of paper and asked,"What can you see,children?" All the children looked at the black dot."A black dot." they answered quickly."But can't you see this piece of paper?The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life.If we only see the black dot,how can we be happy?" Miss Green said.The classroom was very quiet.Miss Green took out another piece of paper.It was a piece of black paper with white dot in the middle."What can you see,kids?" she asked the children,"A White dot." The children answered loudly.Miss Green smiled,"My children,although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like the clouds in the sky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon.You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."( 1 )What is the relationship between Miss Green and the children?A.Mother and children B.Teacher and studentsC.Doctor and patients D.Boss and workers( 2 )What does the "black dot " stand for(代表)?A.The lucky things in our life B.The sunshine in our lifeC.The unlucky things in our life D.The clouds in our life( 3 )What does the word "positive" mean in Chinese?A.善良的B.积极的,乐观的C.美好的D.聪明的( 4 )Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?A.Miss Green likes white.B.If we can only see the black dot,we can be happy.C.No one likes clouds in the sky.D.Miss Green wants the kids to be positive in their life( 5 )What does this article want to tell us?A.We should see the white dot on the black paper.B.Everyone is unlucky sometimes.C.We should not like clouds.D.You should find the hope of live when you are in trouble七、根据上下文完成下列短文.(10分)35.(10分)根据上下文完成下列短文Today is the last school day.It is S tomorrow.My parents and I are g to the park.In the park,t is a r.I want to s there because it is very h in summer.Swimming c make me cool.But you know I am not g at swimming.My father will teach me h to swim.I think I w have a good time there.十、书面表达.(5分)36.(5分)写作.你即将成为一名中学生,在中学校园里,你会接触到新的同学和新的老师,现请你对自己的情况做一下自我介绍.内容包括以下几点.(1)你的性别,年龄.(2)你的爱好.(3)你喜欢哪些学科./你为何喜欢这些学科?(4)你父母的职业.等等.不少于六句话.2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项.(5分)1.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项AA.School B.chair C.China D.much【解答】考查字母组合ch在单词中的读音.school[sku:l],chair[tʃeə(r)],China['tʃaɪnə],much[m ʌtʃ] ,根据单词的音标可知,字母组合ch在单词,chair,China,much中读音[tʃ],字母组合ch在单词school中读[k].故选:A.2.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.These B.brother C.both D.with【解答】考查字母组合th在单词中的读音.these[ði:z],brother[ˈbrʌðə(r)],both[bəʊθ],with[wɪð],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合th在单词these,brother,witht中发[ð],字母组合th在单词both 中发[θ].故选:C.3.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项DA.What B.which C.white D.whose【解答】考查字母组合wh在单词中的读音.what[wɒt] ,which[wɪtʃ],white[waɪt],whose[hu:z],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合wh在单词what ,which,white中发[w],字母组合wh在单词whose 中发[h].故选:D.4.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.Short B.Horse C.Worth D.forty【解答】考查字母组合or在单词中的读音,short[ʃɔ:t],horse[hɔ:s],worth[wɜ:θ],forty[ˈfɔ:ti],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合or在单词short,horse,forty中都发[ɔ:],字母组合or在单词worth发[ɜ:].故选:C.5.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.Heavy B.sweater C.meat D.bread【解答】考查字母组合ea在单词中的读音.heavy[ˈhevi],sweater[ˈswetə(r)],meat[mi:t],bread[bred],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合ea在单词meat中发[i:],字母组合ea在单词heavy,sweater,bread 中都发[e].故选:C.二、词型转换.(10分)6.(10分)词型转换(1)country (复数)countries(2)far (比较级)farther(3)open (现在分词)opening(4)quick (副词)quickly(5)sea(同音词)see(6)we(形容词性物主代词)our(7)one (序数词)first(8)hear (同音词)here(9)sun(形容词)sunny(10)ran(原形)run.【解答】(1)countries.考查可数名词的复数.country是以辅音加y结尾的名词变复数,把y变i再加es,复数形式是"countries".(2)farther.考查形容词的比较级."far"表示远的,"farther"表示更远的.(3)opening.考查动词的现在分词.open的现在分词,直接加ing变opening.(4)quickly.考查形容词的副词."quick"表示快的,其副词形式直接在词尾加ly,"quickly"表示迅速地.(5)see.考查同音词.sea的读音是/si:/,see的读音与其一样.(6)our.考查形容词性物主代词."we"表示我们,其形容词性物主代词是our,"our"表示我们的.(7)first.考查序数词."one"表示"一";序数词是"第一",对应词汇"first".(8)here.考查同音词."hear"的读音为[hɪə],here读音与其一样.(9)sunny考查名词的形容词."sun"表示名词,太阳,"sunny"表示晴朗的.(10)run.考查动词原形.ran是run的过去式.三、选择填空.(10分)7.(1分)After school we usually play _________ soccer for half _________ hour on _________ sports ground.()A./;an;the B.the;a;theC./;a;/D.the;an;a【解答】考查冠词.soccer足球,球类前面不加冠词;hour小时,首字母发元音,故用不定冠词an,sports ground运动场看,为特指,故用the.故选:A.8.(1分)﹣Is she a bus driver?﹣_________.She is a postwoman.()A.No,she isn't B.Yes,she isC.No,she is D.Yes,she isn't【解答】考查一般疑问句,句子表示"她是一名公交车司机吗?不是,她不是.她是一名女邮递员",该句为is she 为首的一般疑问句,由后一句She is a postwoman她是一个女邮递员,可知应作否定回答,故填No,she isn't.故选:A.9.(1分)Can you help my child ______ his science ______ Tuesday mornings?()A.in;in B.with;on C.for;at D.with;at【解答】考查短语和时间介词.句意为:星期二上午你能帮我的孩子学科学吗?help sb with sth,帮助某人做某事.Tuesday星期二,前面用介词on.故选:B.10.(1分)﹣Is this your shoe?﹣Yes,it is,but where is _________?()A.the others B.other one C.Another D.the other one【解答】考查代词.由题,"but"为转折连词,根据"is this your shoe",根据常识,"shoes"常为两只,推测下句意为"另一只在哪","两者中的另一个"用固定表达法the other one."the others"意为"其他的(多个)","another"意为"再一个(原数量上增加)","other one"无此用法.故选:D.11.(1分)That storybook is very _________.The children are _________ in it.()A.interesting;interest B.interest;interestedC.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting【解答】考查形容词词义辨析.interesting意为"令人感兴趣的",通常以物作主语,可作定语和表语;Interested 意为"感兴趣的",常用短语为be interested in,意为"对…感兴趣",通常以人作主语.故选:C.12.(1分)There _________ a ruler and some pencils in the pencil﹣box.()A.be B.is C.are D.has【解答】考查there be句型,句子表示"铅笔盒里有一把尺子和一些铅笔",该句为there be句型,表示"某地有某物",系动词就近原则,a ruler为单数,be 用is.故选:B.13.(1分)It often rains __________ in the summer of Nanjing.()A.strong B.big C.hard D.heavy【解答】考查副词用法,句子表示"夏天的时候南京雨下的大",A.strong强烈的,不符合题意,B.big大的,形容词,不符合题意,C.hard副词,猛烈地,修饰动词"rains",符合题意,D.heavy重的,形容词,修饰名词,不符合题意.故选:C.14.(1分)The basketball ______________ the bed isn't mine.()A.under B.is under C.is on D.is【解答】本题考查介词的用法.该句为否定句后置,isn't mine.不是我的.is放到了后面,前面只填介词就可以了,故填under.故选:A.15.(1分)Thank you ________ giving me so much help.()A.to B.for C.with D.in【解答】考查介词.由题,"thank you for doing sth"为固定用法,意为"因某事而感谢你".故选:B.16.(1分)What did you do last night?I did my homework and _______ TV.()A.Watch B.Watched C.will watch D.am watching【解答】考查动词过去式.由last night可知该句为一般过去时,因而所跟动词也用过去式,watch的过去式是在词尾直接加ed.故选:B.四、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填充.(5分)17.(1分)My sister usually does(do)her homework at 7 in the morning.【解答】考查单词填空.根据题干:usually是一般现在时的标志,主语My sister是第三人称单数.因此,填does.故答案是:does.18.(1分)They are going fishing(fish)tomorrow.【解答】本题考查单词填空.词组go fishing去钓鱼,fishing为动名词,钓鱼.故填fishing.19.(1分)﹣﹣﹣What is your hobby?﹣﹣﹣﹣Dancing.(dance)【解答】本题考查单词填空.根据What is your hobby,可知这里回答用动名词dancing.故填Dancing.20.(1分)The weather gets colder(cold)in winter.【解答】考查单词填空.根据题干:系动词gets是变的意思.因此,相对于秋天来说天变得更冷了,要用比较级colder.故答案是:colder.21.(1分)The pair of jeans is(be)yours,it isn't mine.【解答】本题考查单词填空.The pair of jeans一条牛仔裤,看做单数,be 用is.故填is.五、句型转换.(10分)22.(2分)Sarah often reads books in the morning.(改为疑问句)Does Sarah often read books in the morning?【解答】考查一般疑问句."often"表示"经常",句子时态是一般现在时,主语"Sarah"第三人称单数,动词用三单形式,一般疑问句用助动词"Does"开头,后面跟动词原形"read",句末用问号.故答案为:Does Sarah read books in the morning?23.(2分)Sometimes I go to the cinema with Nick on Saturday.(就划线部分提问)When do you sometimes go to the cinema with Nick ?【解答】考查就划线部分提问.句中划线部分是on Saturdy在周六,用疑问词when提问.陈述语序变疑问语序;人称代词有第一人称I变为第二人称you.故答案为:When do you sometimes go to the cinema with Nick ?提问时最好把sometimes去掉.24.(2分)That is a sheep over there.(改为复数形式)Those are sheep over there.【解答】考查复数句子.That那.复数Those那些.is复数are.注意:只有There is a…变复数时要把a变some.sheep绵羊.复数还是sheep.over there在那边,地点状语.故答案为:Those are sheep over there.25.(2分)What does Kate do?(同义句改写)What is Kate?【解答】考查同义句转换.句意是:Kate做什么工作的?转换后的句子,也是Kate做什么工作的.当询问一个人的职业时,可以用What does sb.do?和What is sb.?故填:What is.26.(2分)You can't play football on the street.(祈使句)Don't play football on the street!【解答】考查祈使句.原句是否定句.否定祈使句通常用Don't开头.后跟动词原形play.play football 踢足球.on the street在街上.注意祈使句一般用感叹号.故答案为:Don't play football on the street!六、下面的句子有一处错误,请在错误处划线,并在横线上改正.(5分)27.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Would you like anything to eat?anything→somethingA B C D【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据Would you like是个委婉句式,希望得到肯定回答,因此将anything 改为something.故答案为:anything→something.28.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正He is sitting behind I !I→meA B C D【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据behind是介词,后面加宾语me,而不是主格I.故答案为:I→me.29.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正The socks in the school is Kate's.is→areA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据主语是复数The socks,根据主谓一致原则,谓语is改为are..故答案为:is→are.30.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Is it he bag?he→hisA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据名词bag前应用物主代词his ,B错了,把he改为his.故答案为:he→his.31.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Who's jackets are these?Who's→WhoseA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据jackets是名词,Who's改为Whose,做jackets的定语.故答案为:Who's→Whose.九、完形填空.(10分)32.(10分)Xiao Ling is a middle school student.She likes English and she is good C it.She often A her parents about her English study.Now she is talking B her father about her English study again.Xiao Ling says,"Look,Dad,this is our new English book.There are a lot of interesting C in it."Mmm,not bad.Do you speak only English in class,D does your teacher explain (解释)everything to you in Chinese?""Oh,our teacher speaks to C only in English.Sometimes it's not easy for us A her,but she says listening and speaking help B."I think she's right.Does she speak English very slowly?" "Not A.Sometimes we don't understand her.Then she has to say it again.""It's interesting to study English,isn't it?" "Yes.And I'm going to work B at it in the new school year." "That's good.I'm sure you'll study better."( 1 )A.in B.with C.at D.about( 2 )A.tells B.speaks C.says D.talks( 3 )A.for B.with C.about D.on( 4 )A.story B.a story C.stories D.storys( 5 )A.and B.but C.how D.or( 6 )A.we B.our C.us D.ours(7 )A.to understand B.Understand C.understanding D.understand(8 )A.many B.a lot C. a lot of D.too many(9 )A.always B.sometimes C.good D.speak(10 )A.hard B.harder C.the harder D.hardest【解答】(1)C.考查固定短语搭配.be good at 擅长….句中表示,她擅长英语.故选:C.(2)A.考查固定短语搭配.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事….句中表示,她告诉父母关于她的英语学习情况.故选:A.(3)B.考查固定短语搭配.talk with sb about sth 和某人谈论某事….句中表示,她正在和父亲谈论英语学习.故选:B.(4)C.考查名词的复数形式.a lot of可用来修饰可数名词复数形式;story是以辅音字母+y结尾,变复数时把y变成i+es.故选:C.(5)D.考查连词.由文章可知,此处是"只讲英语"和"讲汉语"两者之间进行选择;or意为"还是……",表示选择,故选:D.(6)C.考查代词.由题可知,此处所缺的词作介词to的宾语,speak to sb 对…说,所以要用代词的宾格形式,we的宾格是us.故选:C.(7)A.考查动词不定式.句型It's easy for sb to do sth译为:做某事对某人而言很容易.句型中,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式部分,用to understand.故选:A.(8)B.考查副词.help是实意动词,修饰动词用副词.a lot "很,非常",副词,符合句意,放于末尾.A/C/D均不能置于句末.故选:B.(9)A.考查频度副词及部分否定句.当含有全体意义的代词或副词,如:all,every,always等用于否定结构时,不是表示全部否定,而只是表示其中一部分被否定.此题中表示老师在课堂上并非总是说英语很慢,言外之意就是有时慢有时快.故选:A.(10)B.考查副词比较级.由题可知作者要拿之后的学习和之前的作比较,因此要用比较级,而且比较级前面不需要加the,最高级前面才加.work harder:更努力地学习.故选:B.八、阅读理解.(10分)33.(5分)阅读理解.The Road family often does housework together at the weekends.Pam often cleans bedrooms.Her father buys groceries (食品杂货)for the next week.Her mum washes the clothes.John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden.The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.In the park,they can play basketball and football.They alwayshave a good time there.It is happy when a family works and plays together.1.How many people are there in the Road family?CA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2.The Road family likes to D.A.go on a picnic B.go shopping C.have a rest D.go to the park3.When the family work together,they feel B.A.Tired B.Happy C.Angry D.sad4.D cuts the grass in the garden.A.Father B.Mother C.Pam D.John5.A good title (标题)for the passage is C.A.A family works and plays together B.Cleaning the roomsC.A happy family D.Pam and her parents.【解答】1.C.细节理解题.根据文中Pam,father,mothey,John可知罗德一家有4个人,故为C.2.D.细节理解题.根据文中The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.可知罗德一家喜欢去公园.故为D.3.B.细节理解题.根据文中It is happy when a family works and plays together.可知当一个家庭在一起工作和玩,他们感到快乐.故为B.4.D.细节理解题.根据文中John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden可知约翰帮忙在他们的花园割草,故为D.5.C.细节理解题.根据文意,可知描述的是罗德一家快乐地生活,"A happy family"符合文意,故为C.34.(5分)阅读理解Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper.There is a big black dot in the middle of the white paper.Miss Green put up this piece of paper and asked,"What can you see,children?" All the children looked at the black dot."A black dot." they answered quickly."But can't you see this piece of paper?The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life.If we only see the black dot,how can we be happy?" Miss Green said.The classroom was very quiet.Miss Green took out another piece of paper.It was a piece of black paper with white dot in the middle."What can you see,kids?" she asked the children,"A White dot." The children answered loudly.Miss Green smiled,"My children,although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like theclouds in the sky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon.You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."( 1 )What is the relationship between Miss Green and the children?BA.Mother and children B.Teacher and studentsC.Doctor and patients D.Boss and workers( 2 )What does the "black dot " stand for(代表)?CA.The lucky things in our life B.The sunshine in our lifeC.The unlucky things in our life D.The clouds in our life( 3 )What does the word "positive" mean in Chinese?BA.善良的B.积极的,乐观的C.美好的D.聪明的( 4 )Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?DA.Miss Green likes white.B.If we can only see the black dot,we can be happy.C.No one likes clouds in the sky.D.Miss Green wants the kids to be positive in their life( 5 )What does this article want to tell us?DA.We should see the white dot on the black paper.B.Everyone is unlucky sometimes.C.We should not like clouds.D.You should find the hope of live when you are in trouble【解答】考查细节理解.(1)B.根据文中关键句"Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper."可知格林小姐拿着一张纸走进了教室,格林小姐和孩子们应该是师生关系,故选:B.(2)C.根据文中关键句"The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life."可知黑点就像我们生活中不幸的事情,故选:C.(3)B.根据文中关键句" You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."可推测"positive"就像黑纸上的白点是"正面的,乐观的",所以推测"positive"意为"积极的,乐观的",故选:B.(4)D.根据文中关键句"You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."可知格林小姐希望孩子们能在生活中做一个积极向上的人,故选:D.(5)D.根据文中关键句" although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like the clouds in thesky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon."可知我们会有办法能解决生活中遇到的困难,所以面对生活困境要心怀希望,故选:D.七、根据上下文完成下列短文.(10分)35.(10分)根据上下文完成下列短文Today is the last school day.It is S aturday tomorrow.My parents and I are g oing to the park.In the park,t here is a r iver.I want to s wim there because it is very h ot in summer.Swimming c an make me cool.But you know I am not g ood at swimming.My father will teach me h ow to swim.I think I w ill have a good time there.【解答】1.Saturday.考查专有名词.根据"Today is the last school day."可知,今天应该是周五,明天应该是周六,表示"星期"的英语首字母要大写,"周六"为Saturday.故答案为:Saturday.2.going.考查动词.根据上下文可知,明天是周六,所以我们打算去公园."be going to"表示"打算",为表示一般将来时的固定结构.故答案为:going.3.there.考查there be句型.根据"In the park"可知,地点为"在公园里",句意应为"在公园里,有…",表示"哪里有什么"用there be句型.故答案为:there.4.river.考查名词.根据下文可知,夏天天气热,所以作者想游泳.游泳要有一条河,所以在公园里应该有一条河."河"的英语为river.故答案为:river.5.swim.考查动词.根据上下文可知,前面提到公园里有一条河,后面want to表示"想要",空格处缺少动词原形,在河里的动作应该为"游泳".故答案为:swim.6.hot.考查形容词.根据"in summer"可知,时间为"在夏天",because表示原因,空格前very修饰空格处,空格处应为形容词.夏天应该用"热"hot来形容.故答案为:hot.7.can.考查情态动词.根据"Swimming"及"make me cool"可知,游泳使我凉爽.本句中已经出现行为动词make,所以空格处缺少情态动词can.故答案为:can.8.good.考查形容词.根据"But"可知,本句表示与前面句意的转折,表示"虽然我想游泳,但是我不擅长游泳."be good at为固定搭配,为"擅长于…".故答案为:good.9.how.考查疑问副词.根据前文可知,作者不擅长与游泳,"My father will teach me"可知,我的爸爸将会教我如何游泳,"teach me"与"to swim"之间缺少副词how,表示"如何".故答案为:how.10.will.考查情态动词.根据前文可知,前面的事情还没有发生,为作者的想象,所以"I think"表示他对未来的想象,后面"have a good time there"表示"在那玩得很开心",表示将来,故用will表示"将来".故答案为:will.十、书面表达.(5分)36.(5分)写作.你即将成为一名中学生,在中学校园里,你会接触到新的同学和新的老师,现请你对自己的情况做一下自我介绍.内容包括以下几点.(1)你的性别,年龄.(2)你的爱好.(3)你喜欢哪些学科./你为何喜欢这些学科?(4)你父母的职业.等等.不少于六句话.【解答】Hello.My name is Amy.I am a girl from Shanghai.I am 13 years old this year.I like singing and dancing,and I like traveling too.I like English class because I can learn more about western culture.My father is a scientist.My mother is a teacher and I love my family.大家好,我叫艾米.我是一名上海女孩.我今年13岁了.我喜欢唱歌和跳舞,我也喜欢旅游.我喜欢英语课,因为我可以了解更多的西方文化.我的爸爸是一名科学家.我的妈妈是一名老师,我爱我的家人.。
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2018年河北省石家庄市裕华区43中学小升初英语试卷一、按要求写单词(每题1 分,共10 分)1.(10分)(1)baby(复数)(2)us(主格)(3)dirty(反义词)(4)make(过去式)(5)jump(ing 形式)(6)thin(形容词比较级)(7)nice(形容词最高级)(8)two(序数词)(9)they(宾格)(10)wash(第三人称单数形式)二、选择题(每题2 分,共30 分)2.(2分)There is ____ "f" in ____ word "sofa".()A.a;the B.an,the C.the;the3.(2分)﹣Who's that woman over there?﹣She is ____ mother.()A.Tom and Jerry's B.Tome's and Jerry's C.Tom's and Jerry4.(2分)Mr.Smith wants us ____ Exercise 1,but you let us ____ Exercise 2.()A.to do;to do B.to do;do C.do;to do5.(2分)This pair of socks ____ not mine.My socks ____ on the bed.()A.is;are B.is;is C.are;is6.(2分)Today we have ____ classes,and the ____ class is Chinese.()A.three;one B.first;three C.three;first7.(2分)They have sweaters ____ green ____ only 30 dollars.()A.in;at B.in;for C.on;for8.(2分)﹣Where is your pet dog,Lucy?﹣Oh,Poor Henry.I lost him ____ a cold winter morning.()A.in B.on C.at9.(2分)﹣Mom,can I go out to play now?﹣I'm afraid not,dear.You must finish ____ your homework first.()A.do B.to do C.doing10.(2分)﹣What sport ____ your friend play?﹣He only ____ ping﹣pong.()A.does;play B.does;plays C.do;plays11.(2分)﹣____is that woman?﹣The one under the tree?Oh,she is my math teacher.()A.What B.Where C.Who12.(2分)Her mother ________ in a hospital,but she _________there these days.()A.works,isn't working B.is working,works C.work,is working13.(2分)﹣﹣﹣They are thirsty.Will you please give them ______ ?﹣﹣﹣Certainly.()A.some bottles of waters B.some bottles of water C.some bottle of water14.(2分)Is that_______hat?No,it's not_______.It's_______.()A.your,my,Toms B.you,my,Tom's C.your,mine,Tom's15.(2分)Our teacher,Miss Chen,________English on the radio the day before yesterday.()A.teaches B.taught C.will teach16.(2分)﹣____ ?﹣Yes,please.I want a blue skirt.()A.What do you like B.Where is the like C.Can I help you三、完形填空(每题2 分,共20 分)17.(20分)Last year Jack left school,He came to Taibei to (1) a job.He went from one company to another but(2)wanted him.Now he had little money.He had to go back to his small town.So he came to the station.He felt (3)and tired.It was very late at night and(4)was full of people.They were waiting (5)tickets of the last train.He bought the last ticket,and he was very happy.At that time,a woman with a crying baby walked to him.She asked him to sell her the ticket.He gave her the ticket.He thought they needed it (6)he did.After (7)left,he sat on the bench and didn't know(8)to go.Just then,an old man came and said,"Young man,I saw what happened just now.I have a big company.I need a good young man like (9).Would you like to work (10)me?"(1)A.find B.see C.look for(2)A.no one B.everyone C.nothing(3)A.happy B.sad C.interesting(4)A.the city B.the company C.the station(5)A.to buy B.to sell C.to give(6)A.less than B.more than C.worse than(7)A.the bus B.the train C.the old man(8)A.what B.which C.where(9)A.the woman B.you C.her(10)A.for B.to C.with四、按要求改写句子(每题 3 分,共15 分)18.(3分)They played football in the playground.(改为否定句)19.(3分)I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句)20.(3分)John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)21.(3分)they;in;doing;living room;homework;are;the.(连词成句)22.(3分)Tom is reading books.(对划线部分进行提问)五、阅读理解(每题3 分,共15 分)23.(15分)One day a big red hen is playing with her chickens in the garden.After some time,she wants to eat something,and she takes her chickens to look for food.When they eat well,she finds a grain of wheat (小麦).So she asks chickens to plant it in the back of the garden.But no one wants to do it.The big red hen has to do it herself.After a few months,they get a lot of wheat.She says to her chickens,"Who will take the wheat to the store and get some flour?" No one wants to do it.So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home.After she gets home,she says,"Who wants to make some bread with the flour?" They all say they are too busy and don't want to do it.When she makes the bread,she says to her chickens,"Who wants to eat the bread?" "I will." says every one of them."No,you can't.You don't want to do anything before I make bread.You must know that no pains,no gains." She doesn't give any bread to her chickens and she eats the bread herself.(1)Why does the red hen want to plant a grain of wheat?A.She wants her chickens to plant a grain of wheat.B.She wants to get lots of wheat.C.She wants to play with her chickens.(2)Who takes the wheat to the store?A.The big red hen's chickens.B.One of the chickens.C.The big red hen.(3)What does the underlined word "flour" mean?A.面包B.面粉C.大米(4)Why does NOT the big red hen give any bread to her chickens?A.They don't want to eat.B.She doesn't like them.C.They don't do anything.(5)What is the beat title of the passage?A.Lazy Chickens.B.The Big Red Hen.C.No pains,no gains.六、翻译语篇,阅读下面的短文,将划线部分的句子译成英文或中文.(每题2 分,共10 分)24.(10分)英汉互译December is a great month.1.Because we have Christmas in this month,and the English Festival is also in December.The English Festival is very important to the students and teachers in our school.It is usually before the New Year's Day.We have an English party every year.2.我们在聚会上唱歌,跳舞,玩游戏和看英语电影.This year,we have the ninth English Festival.It is wonderful.3.On that day ,many friends and I go to many classrooms to play games.One of the games is "Drive,stop and answer".It's my favorite game.It is interesting to drive the car.At the same time,you must answer the questions when the car stops.Most of us like the game very much.4.We have a good time at the party.We can meet many friends,have some fun and learn a lot from each other.5.我们非常喜欢我们的英语节.1.2.3.4.5.2018年河北省石家庄市裕华区43中学小升初英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、按要求写单词(每题1 分,共10 分)1.(10分)(1)baby(复数)babies(2)us(主格)we(3)dirty(反义词)clean(4)make(过去式)made(5)jump(ing 形式)jumping(6)thin(形容词比较级)thinner(7)nice(形容词最高级)nicest(8)two(序数词)second(9)they(宾格)them(10)wash(第三人称单数形式)washes【解答】(1)babies.考查可数名词及其单复数.baby是可数名词,复数是babies.故答案为:babies.(2)we.考查词性转换.us是人称代词宾格,主格是we.故答案为:we.(3)clean.dirty表示:肮脏的,反义词是"干净的",对应clean.故答案为:clean.(4)made.考查动词的过去式.make是动词,过去式是made.故答案为:made.(5)jumping.考查动词的ing形式.jump是动词,ing 形式是jumping.故答案为:jumping.(6)thinner.考查形容词的比较级.thin是形容词,比较级是thinner.故答案为:thinner.(7)niceset.考查形容词的最高级.nice是形容词,最高级是nicest.故答案为:nicest.(8)second.考查序数词.two表示:两个,是基数词.序数词是"第二",对应second.故答案为:second.(9)them.考查词性转换.they是人称代词主格,宾格是them.故答案为:them.(10)washes.考查动词的第三人称单数.wash是动词,第三人称单数形式是washes.故答案为:washes.二、选择题(每题2 分,共30 分)2.(2分)There is ____ "f" in ____ word "sofa".()A.a;the B.an,the C.the;the【解答】考查冠词.a一个,修饰辅音音素开头的单词.an一个,修饰元音音素开头的单词.the表示特指.第一个空,泛指一个字母f,f是以元音音素/e/开头,用an修饰.第二个空,特指单词sofa,用the.故选:B.3.(2分)﹣Who's that woman over there?﹣She is ____ mother.()A.Tom and Jerry's B.Tome's and Jerry's C.Tom's and Jerry【解答】本题考查名词所有格.根据问题可知,问句对女人的身份提问.A,为Tom和Jerry两人共有的妈妈,故在最后一个人名后面加's.B,为Tom和Jerry两人各自的不同的妈妈,故在两个人的名字后面分别加's.C,为Tom的和Jerry.根据题目中的be动词is,可知问句中的女人只有一个,故是两个人共有的妈妈.故选:A.4.(2分)Mr.Smith wants us ____ Exercise 1,but you let us ____ Exercise 2.()A.to do;to do B.to do;do C.do;to do【解答】考查不定式.根据题干:第一个空want to do sth想做某事是固定短语,所以要用不定式.第二个空let后面要用动词原型.故选:B.5.(2分)This pair of socks ____ not mine.My socks ____ on the bed.()A.is;are B.is;is C.are;is【解答】考查主谓一致.根据This pair of socks这双袜子是单数形式,所以用is,第二个空My socks 是复数形式,所以要用are.故选:A.6.(2分)Today we have ____ classes,and the ____ class is Chinese.()A.three;one B.first;three C.three;first【解答】本题考查数词的用法,根据"Today we have ____ classes.(今天,我们有三节课.)",可知三节课是课节的数量,所以用基数词来表达数量,而答案B.first(第一)是序数词,再根据" the ____ class is Chinese.(第一节课是语文.)",可知语文是第一节课,则"第一(first)"是序数词,而答案A.one (一)是基数词.故选:C.7.(2分)They have sweaters ____ green ____ only 30 dollars.()A.in;at B.in;for C.on;for【解答】考查常用介词的辨析.in在..里;at在…;for为…;on在…上;根据题干,in+颜色表示穿什么颜色的衣服,第二空多少钱表目的要用for.故选:B.8.(2分)﹣Where is your pet dog,Lucy?﹣Oh,Poor Henry.I lost him ____ a cold winter morning.()A.in B.on C.at【解答】考查介词.A.in在…里.B.on在…上、在具体某一天.C.at在几点.根据"a cold winter morning一个寒冷的冬日早晨"可知,在具体某一天的早上用介词on.故选:B.9.(2分)﹣Mom,can I go out to play now?﹣I'm afraid not,dear.You must finish ____ your homework first.()A.do B.to do C.doing【解答】考查动名词.A.do做,动词原形.B.to do不定式.C.doing动名词/现在分词.finish doing sth完成做某事.固定搭配.用动名词doing做.故选:C.10.(2分)﹣What sport ____ your friend play?﹣He only ____ ping﹣pong.()A.does;play B.does;plays C.do;plays【解答】考查助动词.根据句意你朋友做什么运动?他只打乒乓球.是事实,可知时态是一般现在时,your friend是单数形式,play是行为动词,特殊疑问句需要加助助动词does,第二空he是第三人称单数,动词play要用第三人称单数形式plays.故选:B.11.(2分)﹣____is that woman?﹣The one under the tree?Oh,she is my math teacher.()A.What B.Where C.Who【解答】该题考查疑问词辨析.What什么;Where哪儿;Who谁;根据答语"she is my math teacher"可知,问句询问人物,用Who提问.故选:C.12.(2分)Her mother ________ in a hospital,but she _________there these days.()A.works,isn't working B.is working,works C.work,is working【解答】本题考查动词的第三人称单数与现在进行时.由题,判断题干前一句的句意是:她妈妈在医院工作.可知句子用一般现在时,主语是her mother,是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数.work 表示:工作,是动词,第三人称单数形式是works.选项B中is working用于现在进行时态,可排除;选项C中work是动词原形,可排除.后一句中,根据these days,判断句子使用现在进行时,谓语动词要用"be+(not)+动词﹣ing".主语是she,是第三人称单数,be动词用is,动词work的现在分词是working.选项A中isn't working是否定形式.故选:A.13.(2分)﹣﹣﹣They are thirsty.Will you please give them ______ ?﹣﹣﹣Certainly.()A.some bottles of waters B.some bottles of water C.some bottle of water【解答】考查短语的正确搭配.几瓶水some bottles of water中,瓶子是复数形式,故后面要加s,水没有单复数之分.只有B.some bottles of water符合题意.故选:B.14.(2分)Is that_______hat?No,it's not_______.It's_______.()A.your,my,Toms B.you,my,Tom's C.your,mine,Tom's【解答】考查形容词/名词性物主代词及其名词所有格.形容词性物主代词后接名词;名词性物主代词后不跟名词;名词所有格表示"谁的".结构在名词后加's.题干Is that_______hat?No,it's not_______.It's_______.hat前用形容词性物主代词你的your;it's not后用名词性的物主代词我的mine;最后一空填名词所有格Tom's表示它是汤姆的.故选:C.15.(2分)Our teacher,Miss Chen,________English on the radio the day before yesterday.()A.teaches B.taught C.will teach【解答】考查一般过去时态.A.teaches教,第三人称单数.B.taught过去式.C.will teach一般将来时.根据"the day before yesterday前天"可知,一般过去时态,谓语动词用teach的过去式taught教.故选:B.16.(2分)﹣____ ?﹣Yes,please.I want a blue skirt.()A.What do you like B.Where is the like C.Can I help you【解答】考查购物用语.从I want to buy a blue skirt.我想买一件蓝色的短裙.可知是说话者是在商店,售货员一般在客人进店时会说:Can I help you?你要买什么呢?故选:C.三、完形填空(每题2 分,共20 分)17.(20分)Last year Jack left school,He came to Taibei to (1)C a job.He went from one company to another but(2)A wanted him.Now he had little money.He had to go back to his small town.So he came to the station.He felt (3)B and tired.It was very late at night and(4)C was full of people.They were waiting (5)A tickets of the last train.He bought the last ticket,and he was very happy.At that time,a woman with a crying baby walked to him.She asked him to sell her the ticket.He gave her the ticket.He thought they needed it (6)B he did.After (7)B left,he sat on the bench and didn't know(8)C to go.Just then,an old man came and said,"Young man,I saw what happened just now.I have a big company.I need a good young man like (9)B.Would you like to work (10)A me?"(1)A.find B.see C.look for(2)A.no one B.everyone C.nothing(3)A.happy B.sad C.interesting(4)A.the city B.the company C.the station(5)A.to buy B.to sell C.to give(6)A.less than B.more than C.worse than(7)A.the bus B.the train C.the old man(8)A.what B.which C.where(9)A.the woman B.you C.her(10)A.for B.to C.with【解答】(1)C.考查动词.根据不完全句子推测句意为"他来台北找工作",look for 和find都有寻找的意思,但find强调找的结果,look for强调找的过程,故选C.(2)A.考查不定代词.根据后文推测出句意为"没人要他","no one"意为"没有人",故选A.(3)B.考查形容词.根据前文和"tired"一词推测出应选消极情绪,"sad"意为"伤心的",故选B.(4)C.考查名词.根据前文"So he came to the station."可知他去的是火车站,故选C.(5)A.考查介词.根据不完全句子推测出句子为"他们正在等着买最后一趟火车的票","buy"意为"买",故选A.(6)B.考查比较级用法.根据不完全句子推测出句意为"他给了那个女人票,他认为他们比他更需要","more than"意为"更多",故选B.(7)B.考查名词.根据前文"They were waiting tickets of the last train."可知前文买的是火车票,所以后文开走的应是火车,故选B.(8)C.考查疑问词.根据不完全句子推测出句意为"他不知道去哪儿","where"为地点疑问词,意为"哪儿",故选C.(9)B.考查代词.根据不完全句子推测出句意为"我需要一个像你一样的年轻人","you"意为"你",故选B.(10)A.考查介词.根据不完全句子推测出句意为"你想要为我工作吗?""for"意为"为了",故选A.四、按要求改写句子(每题 3 分,共15 分)18.(3分)They played football in the playground.(改为否定句)They didn't play football in the playground.【解答】本题考查肯定句转否定句.结合题干中"played"可知句子的时态为一般过去时.played是实义动词,而且是动词过去式,转否定句时借助动词didn't,后跟动词原形play.故答案为:They didn't play football in the playground.19.(3分)I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句)Do you do your homework every day?【解答】考查转一般疑问句.句子是陈述句,"every day"表示"每天",句子是一般现在时.do是实义动词,一般疑问句用助动词"do"引导,后面跟动词原形,"I"变成"you","my"变成"your",按要求,完成题目.故答案为:Do you do your homework every day?20.(3分)John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)Where does John come from?【解答】考查划线部分提问."comes"表示"来",句子时态是一般现在时,主语"John"第三人称单数,"Canada"表示"加拿大",对其划线部分提问,用疑问词"Where",后面跟助动词"does"引导一般疑问句.故答案为:Where does John come from?21.(3分)they;in;doing;living room;homework;are;the.(连词成句)They are doing homework in the living room.【解答】考查连词成句.句号表示陈述句,主谓宾顺序,"doing homework"表示"正在做家庭作业",句子是现在进行时,"in the living room"表示"在客厅里",结合要求,组织句子.故答案为:They are doing homework in the living room.22.(3分)Tom is reading books.(对划线部分进行提问)What is Tom doing?【解答】考查划线部分提问."is reading books"表示"正在读书",句子是现在进行时,"is reading books"对其划线部分提问,用疑问词"what",后面跟系动词"is"引导的一般疑问句"is Tom doing".故答案为:What is Tom doing?五、阅读理解(每题3 分,共15 分)23.(15分)One day a big red hen is playing with her chickens in the garden.After some time,she wants to eat something,and she takes her chickens to look for food.When they eat well,she finds a grain of wheat (小麦).So she asks chickens to plant it in the back of the garden.But no one wants to do it.The big red hen has to do it herself.After a few months,they get a lot of wheat.She says to her chickens,"Who will take the wheat to the store and get some flour?" No one wants to do it.So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home.After she gets home,she says,"Who wants to make some bread with the flour?" They all say they are too busy and don't want to do it.When she makes the bread,she says to her chickens,"Who wants to eat the bread?" "I will." says every one of them."No,you can't.You don't want to do anything before I make bread.You must know that no pains,no gains." She doesn't give any bread to her chickens and she eats the bread herself.(1)Why does the red hen want to plant a grain of wheat?BA.She wants her chickens to plant a grain of wheat.B.She wants to get lots of wheat.C.She wants to play with her chickens.(2)Who takes the wheat to the store?CA.The big red hen's chickens.B.One of the chickens.C.The big red hen.(3)What does the underlined word "flour" mean?BA.面包B.面粉C.大米(4)Why does NOT the big red hen give any bread to her chickens?CA.They don't want to eat.B.She doesn't like them.C.They don't do anything.(5)What is the beat title of the passage?CA.Lazy Chickens.B.The Big Red Hen.C.No pains,no gains.【解答】考查细节理解.(1)B.根据文中关键句"After a few months,they get a lot of wheat"可知种小麦是为了收获更多的小麦,故选:B.(2)C.根据文中关键句"No one wants to do it.So she takes the wheat to the store and brings the flour home"可知是母鸡自己将麦子运到店里的,故选:C.(3)B.根据文中关键句"Who wants to make some bread with the flour"可推测"flour"是可以做成面包的原料,又因是"wheat 小麦"长出的,故选:B.(4)C.根据文中关键句"You don't want to do anything before I make bread."可知母鸡不给小鸡们面包是因为它们之前什么也不愿意做,故选:C.(5)C.根据文中关键句"You must know that no pains,no gains."可知文意是为了表达"没付出,没收获"的道理,故选:C.六、翻译语篇,阅读下面的短文,将划线部分的句子译成英文或中文.(每题2 分,共10 分)24.(10分)英汉互译December is a great month.1.Because we have Christmas in this month,and the English Festival is also in December.The English Festival is very important to the students and teachers in our school.It is usually before the New Year's Day.We have an English party every year.2.我们在聚会上唱歌,跳舞,玩游戏和看英语电影.This year,we have the ninth English Festival.It is wonderful.3.On that day ,many friends and I go to many classrooms to play games.One of the games is "Drive,stop and answer".It's my favorite game.It is interesting to drive the car.At the same time,you must answer the questions when the car stops.Most of us like the game very much.4.We have a good time at the party.We can meet many friends,have some fun and learn a lot from each other.5.我们非常喜欢我们的英语节.1.因为这个月我们有圣诞节,而且英语节也在十二月.2.We sing,dance,play games and watch English movies at the party.3.在那一天,许多朋友和我去许多教室玩游戏.4.在派对上我们玩得很开心.5.We like our English Festival a lot.【解答】本题主要考查英汉互译.1.因为这个月我们有圣诞节,而且英语节也在十二月.because译为:因为;we译为:我们,have 译为:有;Christmas译为:圣诞节;in this month译为:在这个月;and译为:并且;the English Festivat 译为:英语节;is译为:是;also译为:同样,也;in December译为:在十二月.结合整句以及中文的表达习惯作答.故答案为:因为这个月我们有圣诞节,而且英语节也在十二月.2.We sing,dance,play games and watch English movies at the party.我们英文为:we;在聚会上英文为:at the party;唱歌英文为:sing;跳舞英文为:dance;玩游戏英文为:play games;和英文为:and;看英文电影英文为:watch English movies.结合整句,时态是一般现在时,主语是第一人称复数形式.故答案为:We sing,dance,play games and watch English movies at the party.3.在那一天,许多朋友和我去许多教室玩游戏.on that day译为:在那一天;many friends and I译为:许多朋友和我;go to译为:去…;many classrooms译为:许多教室;to译为:为了;play games译为:玩游戏.结合整句以及中文的表达习惯作答.故答案为:在那一天,许多朋友和我去许多教室玩游戏.4.在派对上我们玩得很开心.we译为:我们;have a good time译为:玩的开心;at the party译为:在派对上,结合整句以及中文的表达习惯作答.故答案为:在派对上我们玩得很开心.5.We like our English Festival a lot.我们英文为:we;非常喜欢英文为:like…a lot;我们的英语节英文为:our English Festival.时态是一般现在时,主语是第一人称复数形式,结合英文的表达习惯作答.故答案为:We like our English Festival a lot.。
2018年河北省石家庄市43中小升初语文试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市43中小升初语文试卷一、基础知识与积累.(共20分)1.(8分)看拼音写词语。
cuīmián sùxiàng xián yíjiǎo jìn nǎo zhīfěi cuìwēi xiéduàn liàn chōng fēng xiàn zhèn2.(2分)下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A.我以前一篇作文要写十几个错别字,经过努力,现在减少了两三倍B.据说,这片林区每年大约有50万棵左右的被混血砍滥伐C.每当沉甸甸的果实挂上枝头,农民伯伯的脸上就笑开了花D.遇到难题不要慌,只要认真作答、深入思考、细心审题,就能够得分3.(8分)填写诗句。
①秦进明月汉关,。
②剑外忽传收蓟北,。
③日暮汉宫传蜡烛,。
④,风雪夜归人。
⑤写出含有“归”字的两句诗:,。
⑥写出形容湖水的两句诗:,。
4.(2分)今天你是学校值日生,检查戴红领巾的情况,一位六年级的男生没有载红领巾,还说反正快毕业了,不戴无所谓,你要怎样和他说话?二、阅读下面这小令,完成题目。
5.(11分)阅读下面这小令,完成题目。
天净沙•秋思(元)马致远枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。
夕阳西下,断肠人在天涯。
(1)小令中点明季节的词是;点明具体时间的词是。
(2)小令的主旨句是,的情感。
(3)“小桥流水人家”一句描绘了一幅怎样的景象?并联系全文,谈谈作者为什么这样写。
三、文言文阅读.(共20分)6.(8分)自相矛盾楚人有鬻盾与矛者,誉之曰:“吾盾之坚,物莫能陷也。
”又誉其矛曰:“吾矛之利,于物无不陷也。
”或曰:“以子之矛,陷子之盾,何如?”其人弗能应也。
(1)填空,理解词句意思。
鬻(yù):。
誉:。
其矛:。
其人:。
其人弗能应也:。
或:。
(2)这个寓言告诉我们:7.(12分)守株待兔宋人有耕田者。
田中有株,兔走触株,折颈而死。
2018年石家庄市小学毕业小升初模拟数学试题(共6套)附详细答案附答案
小升初数学试卷64一、判断题1、甲数比乙数少,乙数比甲数多.________(判断对错)2、分针转180°时,时针转30°________(判断对错)3、一个圆的周长小,它的面积就一定小.________(判断对错)4、495克盐水,有5克盐,含盐率为95%.________.(判断对错)5、一根木棒截成3段需要6分钟,则截成6段需要12分钟________(判断对错)6、要剪一个面积是9.42cm2的圆形纸片,至少要11cm2的正方形纸片.()(判断对错)二、选择题加填空题加简答题7、定义前运算:○与?已知A○B=A+B﹣1,A?B=A×B﹣1.x○(x?4)=30,求x.()A、B、C、8、一共有几个三角形________.9、一款东西120元,先涨价30%,再打8折,原来(120元),利润率为50%.则现在变为________%.10、水流增加对船的行驶时间()A、增加B、减小C、不增不减D、都有可能11、教室里有红黄蓝三盏灯,只有一个拉环,拉一次红灯亮,拉两次亮红灯和黄灯,拉三次三灯全亮,拉四次全部灭,现有编号1到100的同学,每个同学拉开关拉自己编号次灯.比如第一个同学拉一次,第二个同学拉两次,照此规律一百个同学拉完灯的状态是________.12、跳蚤市场琳琳卖书,两本每本60元,一本赚20%,一本亏20%,共()A、不亏不赚B、赚5元C、亏2元D、亏5元13、一张地图比例尺为1:30000000,甲、乙两地图上距离为6.5cm,实际距离为________千米.14、一个长方形的长和宽都为整数厘米,面积160有几种可能?15、环形跑道400米,小百、小合背向而行,小百速度是6米/秒,小合速度是4米/秒,当小百碰上小合时立即转向跑,小合不改变方向,小百追上小合时也立即转向跑,小合仍不改变方向,问两人第11次相遇时离起点多少米?(按较短距离算,追上和迎面都算相遇)16、甲、乙、丙合作一项工程,4天干了整个工程的,这4天内,除丙外,甲又休息了2天,乙休息了3天,之后三人合作完成,甲的效率是丙的3倍,乙的效率是丙的2倍.问工程前后一共用了多少天?17、以BD为边时,高20cm,以CD为边时,高14cm,▱ABCD周长为102厘米,求面积?18、100名学生去离学校33公里的地方,只有一辆载25人的车,车每小时行驶55公里,学生步行速度5km/h,求最快要多久到目的地?19、A、B、C、D四个数,每次计算三个数的平均值,这样计算四次,得出的平均数分别为29、28、32、36(未确定),求四个数的平均值.20、一根竹竿,一头伸进水里,有1.2米湿了,另一头伸进去,现没湿部分是全长的一半少0.4米,求没湿部分的长度.21、货车每小时40km,客车每小时60km,A、B两地相距360km,同时同向从甲地开往乙地,客车到乙地休息了半小时后立即返回甲地,问从甲地出发后几小时两车相遇?22、欢欢与乐乐月工资相同,欢欢每月存30%,乐乐月开支比欢欢多10%,剩下的存入银行1年(12个月)后,欢欢比乐乐多存了5880元,求欢欢、乐乐月工资为多少?23、小明周末去爬山,他上山4千米/时,下上5千米/时,问他上下山的平均速度是多少?24、一个棱长为1的正方体,按水平向任意尺寸切成3段,再竖着按任意尺寸切成4段,求表面积.25、一个圆柱和一个圆锥底面积比为2:3,体积比为5:6,求高的比.三、计算题26、计算题.0.36:8=x:2515÷[()]﹣0.591× ﹣1÷13×100+9× +11 ÷11[22.5+(3 +1.8+1.21× )]+ + + +…+答案解析部分一、<b >判断题</b>1、【答案】错误【考点】分数的意义、读写及分类【解析】【解答】解:把乙数看作5份数,甲数就是5﹣3=2份数(5﹣2)÷2= .答:乙数比甲数多.故答案为:错误.【分析】甲数比乙数少,把乙数看作5份数,那么甲数就是5﹣3=2份数;要求乙数比甲数多几分之几,需把甲数看作单位“1”,也就是求乙数比甲数多的部分占甲数的几分之几,列式计算后再判断得解.2、【答案】错误【考点】角的概念及其分类【解析】【解答】解:180÷6×0.5=30×0.5=15(度)答:分针转180°时,时针转15度.故答案为:错误.【分析】1分钟分针旋转的度数是6度,依此先求出分针转180度需要的时间,时针1分钟旋转的度数是0.5度,乘以求出的分钟数,即可得到时针旋转的度数.3、【答案】正确【考点】圆、圆环的周长,圆、圆环的面积【解析】【解答】解:半径确定圆的大小,周长小的圆,半径就小,所以面积也小.所以原题说法正确.故答案为:正确.【分析】圆的半径的大小确定圆的面积的大小;半径大的圆的面积就大;圆的周长=2πr,周长小的圆,它的半径就小.由此即可判断.4、【答案】错误【考点】百分率应用题【解析】【解答】解:5÷495×100%≈1%答:含盐率约是1%.故答案为:错误.【分析】495克盐水,有5克盐,根据分数的意义可知,用含盐量除以盐水总量即得含盐率是多少.5、【答案】错误【考点】整数四则混合运算,整数、小数复合应用题,比例的应用【解析】【解答】解:6÷(3﹣1)=6÷2=3(分钟)3×(6﹣1)=3×5=15(分钟)15>12故答案为:错误.【分析】截成3段需要需要截2次,需要6分钟,由此求出截一次需要多少分钟;截成6段,需要截5次,再乘截一次需要的时间就是截成6段需要的时间,然后与12分钟比较即可.6、【答案】错误【考点】长方形、正方形的面积,圆、圆环的面积【解析】【解答】解:小正方形的面积(半径的平方):9.42÷3.14=3(平方厘米),大正方形的面积:3×4=12(平方厘米);答:至少需要一张12平方厘米的正方形纸片.故答案为:错误.【分析】要剪一个面积是9.42平方厘米的圆形纸片,需要的正方形纸片的边长是圆的直径,知道圆的面积可以求半径的平方,把正方形用互相垂直的圆的两个直径分成4个小正方形,则每个小正方形的面积都为圆的半径的平方,进而可求大正方形的面积.二、<b >选择题加填空题加简答题</b>7、【答案】B【考点】定义新运算【解析】【解答】解:x○(x?4)=30x○(4x﹣1)=30x+4x﹣1﹣1=305x=32x= .故选:B.【分析】根据题意可知,A○B=A+B﹣1,表示两个数的和减1,A?B=A×B﹣1表示两个数的积减1;根据这种新运算进行解答即可.8、【答案】37【考点】组合图形的计数【解析】【解答】解:根据题干分析可得:顶点O在上面的三角形,一共有5+4+3+2+1=15(个)顶点O在左边的三角形一共有6+5+4+3+2+1=21(个)15+21+1=37(个)答:一共有37个三角形.故答案为:37.【分析】先看顶点O在上面的三角形,一共有5+4+3+2+1=15个三角形,再看顶点O在左边的三角形一共有6+5+4+3+2+1=21个,据此加起来,再加上大三角形即可解答问题.9、【答案】56【考点】百分数的实际应用【解析】【解答】解:120×(1+30%)×80%=120×130%×80%=124.8(元)120÷(1+50%)=120÷150%=80(元)(124.8﹣80)÷80=44.8÷80=56%答:现在利润率是56%.故答案为:56.【分析】将原价当作单位“1”,则先涨价30%后的价格是原价的1+30%,再打八折,即按涨价后价格的80%出售,则此时价格是原价的(1+30%)×80%,又原来利润是50%,则原来售价是进价的1+50%,则进价是120÷(1+50%)=80元,又现在售价是120×(1+30%)×80%=124.8元,则此时利润是124.8﹣80元,利润率是(124.8﹣80)÷80.10、【答案】D【考点】简单的行程问题【解析】【解答】解:分三种情况:1.小船船头垂直于河岸时,小船行驶时间不增不减,所以C正确;2.当小船顺水而下时,船速加快,时间减少,所以B正确;3.当小船逆水而上时,船速减慢,时间增加,所以A正确;故选:D.【分析】此题分几种情况:1.小船船头垂直于河岸时,由于船的实际运动与沿船头指向的分运动同时发生,时间相等,故水流速度对小船的渡河时间无影响,2.当小船顺水而下时,船速等于静水速度加水速,速度加快,路程不变时,时间减少,3.当小船逆水而上时,船速等于静水时速度减水速,所以船速减慢,时间增加.所以三种情况都可能出现,据此解答.11、【答案】第100个同学拉之前,灯不可能全灭.应该是总次数1+2+3+.+100=5050 5050÷4=1262.2就是第二次的状态,红灯和黄灯亮【考点】奇偶性问题【解析】【解答】解:第100个同学拉之前,灯不可能全灭.应该是总次数1+2+3+.+100=5050,5050÷4=1262(次)…2,就是第二次的状态,红灯和黄灯亮.故答案为:第100个同学拉之前,灯不可能全灭.应该是总次数1+2+3+.+100=5050 5050÷4=1262.2就是第二次的状态,红灯和黄灯亮.【分析】把按4次看成一次操作,这一次操作中按第一次第一盏灯亮,按两次第二盏灯亮,按三次两盏灯全亮,再按一次两盏灯全灭;求出100里面有几个这样的操作,还余几,然后根据余数推算.12、【答案】D【考点】百分数的实际应用【解析】【解答】解:设两本书的原价分别为x元,y元则:x(1+20%)=60y(1﹣20%)=60解得:x=50y=75所以两本书的原价和为:x+y=125元而售价为2×60=120元所以她亏了5元【分析】两本每本卖60元,一本赚20%,一本亏20%,要求出两本书的原价.13、【答案】1950【考点】比例尺【解析】【解答】解:6.5÷ =195000000(厘米),195000000厘米=1950千米;答:实际距离是19500千米.故答案为:1950.【分析】要求实际距离是多少千米,根据“图上距离÷比例尺=实际距离”,代入数值计算即可.14、【答案】解:因为160=1×160=2×80=4×40=5×32=8×20=16×10,所以这个长方形的长与宽有6种可能.答:面积是160有6种可能.【考点】长方形、正方形的面积【解析】【分析】根据长方形的面积公式S=长×宽,长×宽=160,根据160=1×160=2×80=4×40=5×32=8×20=16×10,据此即可解答问题.15、【答案】解:400÷(6+4)=400÷10=40(秒)40×4×11÷400=160×11÷400=1760÷400=4(圈)…160(米)答:第11次相遇时离起点160米.【考点】相遇问题【解析】【分析】根据题意可知小合一直是沿同一方向前进,每一次相遇用的时间根据时间=路程÷速度和可求出,再乘小合的速度信相遇次数,可知小合共行的路程,再除以环形跑道的长度,看余数可求出离起点的距离,据此解答.16、【答案】解:× ÷4 = ÷4= ,×3= ,×2= ,4+2+3+[1﹣﹣×(2+3)﹣×3﹣×2]÷(+ + )=9+[1﹣﹣﹣﹣]÷=9+5=14(天)答:完成这项工程前后需要14天【考点】工程问题【解析】【分析】由于甲的效率是丙的3倍,乙的效率是丙的2倍,将丙的工作效率当作单位“1”,则甲、乙、丙三人的效率比是3:2:1,又4天干了整个工程的,则丙完成了这4天内所做工程的= ,即完成了全部工程的× = ,所以丙每天能完成全部工作的÷4= ,则甲每天完成全部工程的×3= ,丙每天完成全部工程的×2= .又然后除丙外,甲休息了2天,乙休息了3天,则这2+3=5天内,丙完成了全部工程的×5= ,甲完成了全部工程的×3= ,乙完成全部工作的×2= ,此时还剩下全部的1﹣﹣﹣﹣,三人的效率和是+ + ,所以此后三人合作还需要(1﹣﹣﹣﹣)÷(+ + )天完成,则将此工程前后共用了4+2+3+(1﹣﹣﹣﹣)÷(+ + )天.17、【答案】解:CD边上的高与BD边上的高的比是:14:20= ;平行四边形的底CD为:102÷(1 )÷2=102=102×=30(厘米);平行四边形的面积为:30×14=420(平方厘米);答:平行四边形的面积是420平方厘米【考点】组合图形的面积【解析】【分析】平行四边形的对边平行且相等,平行四边形的面积=底×高,由CD边上的高与BD边上的高的比等于CD与BD的反比,已知周长求出平行四边形的底,再利用面积公式解答.18、【答案】解:(33÷9)×3÷5+(33÷9)×6÷55 = += (小时)答:最快要小时到目的地【考点】简单的行程问题【解析】【分析】如图:AB是两地距离33公里,100个人被分成4组,每组是25人,第一组直接从A开始上车被放在P1点;汽车回到C2接到第2组放在了P2点;下面都是一样,最后一组是在C4接到的,直接送到B点;我们知道,这4组都是同时达到B点,时间才会最短;那么其4个组步行的距离都是一样的;当第一组被送到P1点时,回到C2点这段时间,另外三个组都步行到了C2,根据速度比=路程之比=55:5=11:1;我们把接到每组之间的步行距离看作单位1,那么汽车从出发到返回P2就是11个单位;那么出发点A到P1就是(11+1)÷2=6个单位;因为步行的距离相等,所以2段对称;(例如第一组:步行的距离是P1到B点3份,最后一组是A到C4也是三段距离是3份);所以以第一组为例,它步行了后面的3份,乘车行了前面的6份,可见全程被分为9份,每份是33÷9=千米,步行速度是5千米每小时,时间就是(3×)÷5=小时;乘车速度是55千米每小时,时间就是(6× )÷55= 小时;合计就是小时.19、【答案】解:A、B、C、D四个数的和的3倍:29×3+28×3+32×3+36×3=87+84+96+108=375A、B、C、D四个数的和:375÷3=125;四个数的平均数:125÷4=31.25.答:4个数的平均数是31.25【考点】平均数问题【解析】【分析】根据余下的三个数的平均数:29、28、32、36,可求出A、B、C、D四个数的和的3倍,再除以3得A、B、C、D四个数的和,再用和除以4即得4个数的平均数.20、【答案】解:设这根竹竿长x米.则有x﹣1.2×2=﹣=2,则x=4,没浸湿的部分是:4÷2﹣0.4=1.6(米);答:这根竹竿没有浸湿的部分长1.6米【考点】整数、小数复合应用题【解析】【分析】设这根竹竿长x米,则两次浸湿部分都应是1.2米,两次共浸湿了1.2×2=2.4米,没浸湿的部分是(x﹣2.4)米;再由“没有浸湿的部分比全长的一半还少0.4米”可知,没浸湿的部分是(﹣0.4)米,没浸湿的部分是相等的,据此可得等式:x﹣2.4=﹣0.4,解出此方程,问题就得解.21、【答案】解:客车从甲地出发到达乙地后再停留半小时,共用的时间:360÷60+0.5=6+0.5=6.5(小时)(360﹣40×6.5)÷(60+40)=(360﹣260)÷100=100÷100=1(小时)6.5+1=7.5(小时)答:从甲地出发后7.5小时两车相遇。
2018年石家庄市小学毕业小升初模拟数学试题(共4套)附详细答案附答案
小升初数学试卷57一、填空.(每空1分,共22分)1、一个九位数,最高位亿位上是最小的奇数,十万位上是最小的质数,万位上是最大的一位数,千位上是最小的合数,其余各位都是0,这个数写作________,改写成用“万”作单位的数是________.2、0.4=2:________=________ 5________%=________折3、如果3a=6b,那么a:b=________。
4、明年二月有________天.5、丽丽比亮亮多a张画片,丽丽给亮亮________张,两人画片张数相等.6、一个直角三角形的两个锐角的度数比是3:2.这两个锐角分别是________度和________度.7、红、黄、蓝三种颜色的球各8个,放到一个袋子里,至少摸________个球,才可以保证有两个颜色相同的球,若任意摸一个球,摸到黄色球的可能性是________.8、一个长为6cm,宽为4cm的长方形,以长为轴旋转一周,将会得到一个底面直径是________cm,高________cm的圆柱体.9、一个面积是________平方米的半圆的周长是15.42米.10、保定市某天中午的温度是零上5℃;记作+5℃;到了晚上气温比中午下降了7℃,这天晚上的气温记作________.11、假设你的计算器的一个键“4”坏了,你怎样计算49×76,用算式表示计算过程________.12、琳琳2014年把500元存入银行,年利率2.25%,2016年到期时可以从银行取出________元.13、甲数=2×2×2×3,乙数=2×2×3,这两个数的最小公倍数是________.14、小明每天上午8时到校,11时30分放学,下午2时到校,4时30分放学,她在校的时间占1天的________.15、如图,正方形的面积是20平方厘米,则圆的面积是________平方厘米.二、判断正误.16、两条永不相交的直线叫做平行线.________(判断对错)17、互为倒数的两个分数中,如果其中一个是真分数,那么另一个一定是假分数.________(判断对错)18、两个分数中,分数值大的那个分数单位也大.()19、平行四边形都可以画出对称轴________.20、一个不为0的数除以真分数,所得的商大于被除数.________三、认真选择.(将正确答案的序号填在括号内)21、两个数是互质数,那么它们的最大公因数是()A、较大数B、较小数C、1D、它们的乘积22、3.1与3. 相比()A、3.1 大B、3. 大C、一样大23、男生与女生的人数比是6:5,男生比女生多()A、B、C、24、给分数的分母乘以3,要使原分数大小不变,分子应加上()A、3B、7C、14D、2125、车轮的直径一定,所行驶的路程和车轮的转数()A、成正比例B、反比例C、不成比例四、仔细计算.(5+12+12+4=33分)26、直接写出得数=________ 7÷0.01=________﹣=________ 27、脱式计算(能简算的要简算)÷9+ ×12.69﹣4.12﹣5.880.6×3.3+ ×7.7﹣0.6(+ )×24× .28、解方程(比例)2x+3×0.9=24.73:(x+1)=4:7x+ x= .29、列式计算(1)一个数的是60的,求这个数?(2)乘的倒数,所得的积再减去3个,差是多少?五、操作题:(第2题的第(3)小题2分,其余的每题1分,共6分)30、利用﹣= ,﹣= ,﹣= ,﹣= ,这些规律,计算:1﹣+ ++ + =________.31、按要求答题:(1)三角形的一个顶点A的位置在________ .(2)三角形的另一个顶点B在顶点A正东方3厘米处,在图中标出B点的位置。
(完整word)2018石家庄小升初真题卷及解析
2018年石家庄小升初真题卷一.选择题(共7小题)1.把5件相同的礼物全部分给3个小朋友,使每个小朋友都分到礼物,分礼物的不同方法一共有()种.A.2 B.4 C.6 D.82.一个布袋里有大小相同而颜色不同的木球,其中红球10个,白球9个,蓝球2个,黄球8个.一次至少取多少个球,才能保证其中4个是同色球()A.4 B.10 C.13 D.123.某年级参加数学竞赛的女生和男生人数比是1:3,这次竞赛的平均成绩是82分,其中男生的平均成绩是80分,女生的平均成绩是()A.82分B.84分C.86分D.88分4.一个立体图形,从前面和左面看到的形状均如图所示,搭成这样的立体图形,最少需要()个小立方体.A.4 B.3 C.6 D.55.一个人登山,上山用了15分,下山时速度加快,下山用了()分.A.13 B.12 C.116.两个相同的瓶子装满酒精溶液.一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是3:1,另一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是4:1.若把两瓶酒精溶液混合,混合液中酒精与水的体积之比是()A.31:9 B.12:1 C.7:2 D.4:17.下列各式中,a和b成反比例的是(a、b均不为零)()A.a×=1 B.a×8=C.9a=6b D.二.填空题(共12小题)8.每当唐僧念一遍紧箍咒,孙悟空头上的紧箍咒就会缩短0.628厘米,此时孙悟空头上的紧箍咒内陷厘米.9.广场上的大钟6时敲6下用10秒,12时敲12下,用秒.10.一张试卷32道题,每答对一道题得6分,答错一道题扣2分.小兰32道题都答了,结果得0分.她答对了道题.11.圆柱的底面半径是2dm,侧面展开图是一个正方形,则与这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为.(结果用含π的式子表示)12.如图,平行四边形ABCD中,BC=15,AE=8,AF=12,则平行四边形ABCD的周长是.13.已知a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,a与b的最大公因数是,最小公倍数是.若最小公倍数是2310,则m等于.14.如图表示甲乙丙三个工程队单独完成某项工程所需的天数根据有关信息回答下列问题:①乙的工作效率比甲高%.②甲、丙合作天可以完成这项工程的.15.在比例尺是1:30000000的地图上,量得甲地到乙地的距离是6.5厘米,一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,两天行的路程差是千米.16.如图,正方形ABCD与正方形EFGH并放在一起,已知小正方形EFGH的边长是4,大正方形ABCD的边长是6,则小三角形AEG(阴影部分)的面积是.17.超市搞促销活动,洗衣粉每袋12元,买5袋赠1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋比平时大约便宜了%18.如图所示,把底面直径8厘米的圆柱切成若干等分,拼成一个近似的长方体.这个长方体的表面积比原来增加80平方厘米,那么长方体的体积是立方厘米.19.某种卷筒纸(中间空心)如图所示,纸的厚度是0.1mm,纸的长度是.三.计算题(共3小题)20.细心算一算(1)19.98×37﹣199.8×1.9+1998×0.82 (2)1﹣(1﹣﹙﹣÷﹚)÷(3)(1﹣x)÷3=2﹣x (4)++﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣++(5)(4+++)×(+++)﹣(4++++)×(++)21.+++….22.求阴影部分的面积(单位:厘米)四.解答题(共8小题)23.有一根自来水管,内直径是2厘米,自来水管开的时候水的流速是每秒8厘米.小明打开水龙头洗手,洗完后忘记了关水龙头,这样5分钟过去后浪费了多少升水?24.商店购进了一批钢笔,决定以每支9.5元的价格出售.第一个星期卖出了60%,这时还差84元收回全部成本.又过了一个星期后全部售出,总共获得利润372元.那么商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支多少元?25.大客车从甲地去乙地,小客车从乙地到甲地.大小客车的速度比为4:5.两车同时出发相向而行,经过60分钟相遇,相遇后两车继续前进.大客车比小客车晚多少分达到目的地?26.全家四口人,父亲比母亲大3岁,姐姐比弟弟大2岁.四年前,他们全家年龄之和是58岁,现在是73岁.问:现在各人的年龄分别是多少?27.有若干个苹果和梨子,如果5个苹果和3个梨子做成一袋的话,还余4个苹果;梨恰好装完,如果7个苹果和3个梨子装成一袋的话,则还余12个梨子,苹果恰好装完,请问苹果和梨子各多少个?28.甲乙两书架共有118本书,如果从甲书架上拿20本到乙书架上,乙书架上的书就比甲书架上的书的2倍还多10本,两书架原来各有多少本书?29.两只蜗牛由于耐不住阳光的照射,从井顶逃向井底.白天往下爬,两只蜗牛白天爬行的速度是不同的,一只每个白天爬20分米,另一只爬15分米.黑夜里往下滑,两只蜗牛滑行的速度却是相同的.结果一只蜗牛恰好用5个昼夜到达井底,另一只蜗牛恰好用6个昼夜到达井底.那么,井深多少米?30.如图所示,直角三角形三条边分别长为3、4、5.求绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积.2018年石家庄小升初真题卷一.选择题(共7小题)1.把5件相同的礼物全部分给3个小朋友,使每个小朋友都分到礼物,分礼物的不同方法一共有()种. A.2 B.4 C.6 D.8【分析】给这三个小朋友编号:甲、乙、丙,然后把可以分的方法都写出来求解.【解答】解:设这三个小朋友分别是甲、乙、丙;他们三个得到的礼物数量可能分别是:1件、1件、3件; 1件、2件、2件; 1件、3件、1件;2件、1件、2件; 2件、2件、1件; 3件、1件、1件;共有6种情况.故选:C.2.一个布袋里有大小相同而颜色不同的木球,其中红球10个,白球9个,蓝球2个,黄球8个.一次至少取多少个球,才能保证其中4个是同色球()A.4 B.10 C.13 D.12【解答】解:把红、白、黄、蓝四种颜色看做是4个抽屉,考虑最差情况:摸出11个球:蓝色的2个全部摸出,另外分别摸出了3个红球、3个白球、3个黄球,此时再任意摸出一个球,就能保证有一个抽屉出现4个球,所以11+1=12(个),答:一次至少取12个球,才能保证有4个球颜色相同.故选:D.3.某年级参加数学竞赛的女生和男生人数比是1:3,这次竞赛的平均成绩是82分,其中男生的平均成绩是80分,女生的平均成绩是()A.82分B.84分C.86分D.88分【分析】由人数比假设女生为1人,男生为3人,由平均分=总分数÷总人数,可以求出男生女生的总分数和,也可以求出男生的总分数,二者相减就是女生的总分数,再除以女生的人数就是女生的平均分.【解答】解:假设女生为1人,男生为3人,总分数:82×(1+3)=328(分),男生的总分数:80×3=240(分),女生的平均分:(328﹣240)÷1=88(分),答:女生的平均成绩是88分.故选:D..4.一个立体图形,从前面和左面看到的形状均如图所示,搭成这样的立体图形,最少需要()个小立方体.A.4 B.3 C.6 D.5【分析】因为从前面看,这个图形一共有3列,其中中间一列是2层,最少是1+2+1=4个小正方体;要使小正方体的个数最少,则把中间一列2个小正方体向后平移一行,把左边一列1个小正方体或右边一列一个小正方体向前平移一行,则即可保证从左面看到的图形是2层:下层3个正方形,上层1个靠中间,符合题意,据此即可解答问题.【解答】解:根据题干分析可得:1+2+1=4(个)答:最少需要4个.故选:A.5.一个人登山,上山用了15分,下山时速度加快,下山用了()分.A.13 B.12 C.11【分析】本题要把路程看作单位“1”.要求下山用的时间,表示出上山速度,再求出下山速度,然后根据路程÷速度=时间,即可求出答案.【解答】解:×(1+),=×,=;1=12(天);答:下山用了12分.故选:B.6.两个相同的瓶子装满酒精溶液.一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是3:1,另一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是4:1.若把两瓶酒精溶液混合,混合液中酒精与水的体积之比是()A.31:9 B.12:1 C.7:2 D.4:1【分析】根据题意,把两瓶酒精溶液混合后,酒精与水的体积之和没变,把两个酒精瓶的容积看作单位“1”,求出酒精和水各占酒精瓶容积的几分之几,然后再求混合液中酒精和水的体积之比是多少.【解答】解:将酒精瓶的容积看作单位“1”,则在一个瓶中,酒精占=,水占=;而在另一个瓶中,同样,酒精占=,水占=;于是在混合液中,酒精和水的体积之比是:(+):(+)=:=31:9答:混合液中酒精和水的体积之比是31:9.故选:A.7.下列各式中,a和b成反比例的是(a、b均不为零)()A.a×=1 B.a×8=C.9a=6b D.【分析】判断两个相关联的量之间成什么比例,就看这两个量是对应的比值一定,还是对应的乘积一定;如果是比值一定,就成正比例;如果是乘积一定,则成反比例.【解答】解:A、a×=1,即ab=3,是乘积一定,则a和b成反比例;B、a×8=,即=40,是比值一定,则a和b成正比例;C、9a=6a,等式是不成立的,则a和b不成比例;D、,即a+7=10b,则a和b不成比例;故选:A.二.填空题(共12小题)8.每当唐僧念一遍紧箍咒,孙悟空头上的紧箍咒就会缩短0.628厘米,此时孙悟空头上的紧箍咒内陷0.1 厘米.【分析】求内陷多少厘米,即求大圆半径和小圆半径的差;设设大圆半径为R,小圆半径为r,根据“圆的周长=2πr”分别求出大圆和小圆的周长,进而根据题意,得出:2πR﹣2πr=0.628;解答即可.【解答】解:设大圆半径为R,小圆半径为r,则2πR﹣2πr=0.628,2π(R﹣r)=0.628,R﹣r=0.628÷6.28R﹣r=0.1;答:内陷0.1厘米.9.广场上的大钟6时敲6下用10秒,12时敲12下,用22 秒.【分析】大钟6时敲6下用10秒,6下之间有5个间隔,每个间隔用时2秒;12下之间有11个间隔,用时为2×11=22(秒).【解答】解:10÷(6﹣1)×(12﹣1),=10÷5×11,=22(秒);答:12时敲12下,用22秒.故答案为:22.10.一张试卷32道题,每答对一道题得6分,答错一道题扣2分.小兰32道题都答了,结果得0分.她答对了8 道题.【分析】假设32道题全做对,则得6×32=192分,这样就少出192﹣0=192分;最错一题比做对一题少6+2=8分,也就是做错192÷8=24道题,进而得出做对题的数量.【解答】解:假设32道题全做对,答错:(6×32﹣0)÷(6+2),=192÷8,=24(道);答对:32﹣8=24(道);答:他做错了24道题,做对了8道题.11.圆柱的底面半径是2dm,侧面展开图是一个正方形,则与这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为π3.(结果用含π的式子表示)【分析】由圆柱的侧面展开图的特点可知:圆柱的侧面展开后是一个长方形,长方形的长等于圆柱的底面周长,宽就等于圆柱的高,若展开后是一个正方形,则圆柱的底面周长和高相等;再据圆柱的体积=底面积×高,即可求出这个圆柱的体积;由圆柱和圆锥的体积计算公式可知:圆锥的体积是与其等底等高的圆柱体的体积的,于是可以求出圆锥的体积.【解答】解:圆柱的高:2π×2=4π圆柱的体积:22×π×4π=16π3圆锥的体积:×16π2=π3答:这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为π3.故答案为:π3.12.如图,平行四边形ABCD中,BC=15,AE=8,AF=12,则平行四边形ABCD的周长是50 .【分析】平行四边形的对边平行且相等,首先根据平行四边形的面积公式:s=ah,已知BC=15,AE=8,据此求出平行四边形的面积,然后用面积除以高(12),求出高AF对应的底边的长度,再根据平行四边形的周长公式解答.【解答】解:CD的长:15×8÷12=120÷12=10,(15+10)×2=25×2=50.答:平行四边形ABCD的周长是50.故答案为:50.13.已知a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,a与b的最大公因数是6m ,最小公倍数是210m .若最小公倍数是2310,则m等于11 .【分析】根据求两个数最大公约数也就是这两个数的公有质因数的连乘积,最小公倍数是公有质因数与独有质因数的连乘积求解.【解答】解:因为a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,最大公因数是:2×3×m=6m最小公倍数是:2×3×5×7×m=210m当最小公倍数是2310时,即为:210m=2310m=11故答案为:6m,210m,11.14.如图表示甲乙丙三个工程队单独完成某项工程所需的天数根据有关信息回答下列问题:①乙的工作效率比甲高25 %.②甲、丙合作 3 天可以完成这项工程的.【分析】①首先根据条形统计图分别找出甲乙完成这项工程的时间,然后根据工作效率=工作量÷工作时间,分别求出甲乙每天各完成这项工程的几分之几;然后用乙的工作效率减去甲的工作效率,再除以甲的工作效率,求出乙的工作效率比甲高百分之几即可.②首先根据条形统计图分别找出甲丙完成这项工程的时间,然后根据工作效率=工作量÷工作时间,分别求出甲丙每天各完成这项工程的几分之几,进而求出甲丙的工作效率之和;最后根据工作时间=工作量÷工作效率,求出甲、丙合作天可以完成这项工程的即可.【解答】解:①=÷=25%答:乙的工作效率比甲高25%.②==3(天)答:甲、丙合作3天可以完成这项工程的.故答案为:25、3.15.在比例尺是1:30000000的地图上,量得甲地到乙地的距离是6.5厘米,一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,两天行的路程差是1170 千米.【分析】首先根据实际距离=图上距离÷比例尺,求出甲、乙两地之间的路程,已知一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,第一天行的路程占全程的,第二天行的路程占全程的,两天行的路程差占全程的﹣,要求两天行的路程差是多少千米,根据一个数乘分数的意义用乘法解答即可.【解答】解:6.5÷=6.5×30000000=195000000(厘米)195000000厘米=1950千米,1950×(﹣)=1950×=1170(千米)答:两天行的路程差是1170千米.故答案为:1170.16.如图,正方形ABCD与正方形EFGH并放在一起,已知小正方形EFGH的边长是4,大正方形ABCD的边长是6,则小三角形AEG(阴影部分)的面积是8 .【分析】因为GH∥AD,所以△GHC∽△CAD,所以HC:AD=CG:DG,所以HC:6=4:(4+6),所以HC=2.4,EH=EC﹣HC=1.6;三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积=三角形AEH的面积+三角形GEH的面积.据此解答即可.【解答】解:因为GH∥AD,所以△GHC∽△GAD,所以HC:AD=CG:DG,所以HC:6=4:(4+6),所以HC=2.4,EH=EC﹣HC=1.6三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积=三角形AEH的面积+三角形GEH的面积=1.6×6÷2+1.6×4÷2=4.8+3.2=8答:三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积是8.17.超市搞促销活动,洗衣粉每袋12元,买5袋赠1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋比平时大约便宜了16.7 %【分析】因为买5袋送1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,也就是花了5袋的钱买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋的价格为12×5÷(5+1)=10(元),要求每袋比平时便宜多少元,用12元减去10元,再用2除以12得出每袋比平时大约便宜了百分之几即可.【解答】解:12﹣12×5÷(5+1)=12﹣60÷6=12﹣10=2(元)2÷12≈16.7%答:每袋比平时大约便宜了16.7%故答案为:16.7.18.如图所示,把底面直径8厘米的圆柱切成若干等分,拼成一个近似的长方体.这个长方体的表面积比原来增加80平方厘米,那么长方体的体积是502.4 立方厘米.【分析】将一个圆柱切开后拼成一个近似的长方体,高没变,体积没变;但拼成的长方体表面积比圆柱多了两个长方形的面积,这两个长方形的长都和圆柱的高相等,宽都和圆柱的底面半径相等;已知表面积增加了80平方厘米,就可求出圆柱的高是多少厘米,进而再求出圆柱的体积,即长方体的体积.【解答】解:底面半径:8÷2=4(厘米);圆柱的高:80÷2÷4=10(厘米);圆柱体积(长方体体积):3.14×42×10=502.4(立方厘米);答:长方体的体积是502.4立方厘米.故答案为:502.4.19.某种卷筒纸(中间空心)如图所示,纸的厚度是0.1mm,纸的长度是7536厘米.【分析】卷筒纸的侧面是一个圆环,那么卷纸展开后可以看做长方形,长就是这卷纸的总长度,宽即是纸的厚度;则这个圆环的面积,就是展开后的长方形的面积,由此即可解决问题.【解答】解:0.1毫米=0.01厘米,3.14×[﹣]÷0.01,=3.14×[25﹣1]÷0.01,=3.14×24÷0.01,=75.36÷0.01,=7536(厘米),答:这卷纸的总长度是7536厘米.故答案为:7536厘米.三.计算题(共3小题)20.细心算一算【解答】解:(1)19.98×37﹣199.8×1.9+1998×0.82=1998×0.37﹣1998×0.19+1998×0.82=1998×(0.37﹣0.19+0.82)=1998×1=1998(2)1﹣(1﹣﹙﹣÷﹚)÷=1﹣[1﹣﹙﹣﹚]÷=1﹣[1﹣]÷=1﹣÷=1﹣=(3)(1﹣x)÷3=2﹣x1﹣x=3(2﹣x)1﹣x=6﹣3x3x﹣x=6﹣12x=5x=2.5(4)++﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣++=﹣+﹣+﹣+…+﹣+﹣=﹣=(5)(4+++)×(+++)﹣(4++++)×(++)=4×(+++)+(++)×(+++)﹣4×(++)﹣(+++)×(++)=4×(+++)﹣4×(++)+(++)×(+++)﹣(+++)×(++)=4×=21.+++….【分析】把分数的每个分母根据高斯求和公式(n+1)n÷2变形,然后把每个分数根据拆项公式拆项后通过加减相互抵消即可简算.【解答】解:+++…=+++…+=(﹣+﹣+﹣+…+﹣)×2=(﹣)×2=×2﹣×2=1﹣=22.求阴影部分的面积(单位:厘米)【解答】解:6×(6÷2)÷2=3×3=9(平方厘米)答:阴影部分的面积是9平方厘米.四.解答题(共8小题)23.有一根自来水管,内直径是2厘米,自来水管开的时候水的流速是每秒8厘米.小明打开水龙头洗手,洗完后忘记了关水龙头,这样5分钟过去后浪费了7.536 升水?【分析】把流过的水看成圆柱,它的底面直径是2厘米、高是(8×5×60)厘米,再计算圆柱的体积.【解答】解:V=3.14×(2÷1)2×(8×5×60),=3.14×2400,=7536(cm3)=7.536(升);答:五分钟浪费7.536升的水.24.商店购进了一批钢笔,决定以每支9.5元的价格出售.第一个星期卖出了60%,这时还差84元收回全部成本.又过了一个星期后全部售出,总共获得利润372元.那么商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支多少元?【解答】解:这批钢笔的总数量:(372+84)÷9.5÷(1﹣60%),=456÷9.5÷0.4,=48÷0.4,=120(支);每支钢笔的购进价:9.5﹣372÷120,=9.5﹣3.1,=6.4(元);答:商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支6.4元.25.大客车从甲地去乙地,小客车从乙地到甲地.大小客车的速度比为4:5.两车同时出发相向而行,经过60分钟相遇,相遇后两车继续前进.大客车比小客车晚多少分达到目的地?【解答】解:设大客车速度为4x千米/每小时,小客车速度为5x千米/每小时,60分钟=1小时,两地相距为(4x+5x)×1=9x千米,则大客车行驶全程用时为9x÷4x=2.25(小时),小客车行驶完全程用时为9x÷5x=1.8小时,则大客车比小客车晚到目的地时间为:2.25﹣1.8=0.45(小时)=27(分钟).答:大客车比小客车晚27分钟到达目的地.26.全家四口人,父亲比母亲大3岁,姐姐比弟弟大2岁.四年前,他们全家年龄之和是58岁,现在是73岁.问:现在各人的年龄分别是多少?【解答】解:现在全家年龄之和比四年前应该多16岁,但73﹣58=15,说明四年前弟弟没出生,所以假设弟弟今年3岁,姐姐就是3+2=5岁.设母亲的年龄为x岁,则父亲年龄为(x+3)岁.由题意得:x+(x+3)+5+3=732x+11=732x=62x=31所以父亲今年年龄是31+3=34(岁)四年前弟弟还没出生,三人的年龄和为34+31+5﹣12=58,验证结果正确.答:父亲现在的年龄是34岁,母亲现在的年龄是31岁,姐姐现在的年龄是5岁,弟弟现在的年龄是3岁.27.有若干个苹果和梨子,如果5个苹果和3个梨子做成一袋的话,还余4个苹果;梨恰好装完,如果7个苹果和3个梨子装成一袋的话,则还余12个梨子,苹果恰好装完,请问苹果和梨子各多少个?【解答】解:(12÷3)×5+4=24(只),5只苹果和3只梨装一袋,共装了24÷2+4=16(袋),所以苹果有:16×5+4=84(只),梨有16×3=48(只);答:苹果有84只,梨有48只.28.甲乙两书架共有118本书,如果从甲书架上拿20本到乙书架上,乙书架上的书就比甲书架上的书的2倍还多10本,两书架原来各有多少本书?【解答】解:甲书架:(118﹣10)÷(1+2)+20=108÷3+20=36+20=56(本)乙书架:118﹣56=62(本)答:甲书架原来有56本,乙书架原来有62本.29.两只蜗牛由于耐不住阳光的照射,从井顶逃向井底.白天往下爬,两只蜗牛白天爬行的速度是不同的,一只每个白天爬20分米,另一只爬15分米.黑夜里往下滑,两只蜗牛滑行的速度却是相同的.结果一只蜗牛恰好用5个昼夜到达井底,另一只蜗牛恰好用6个昼夜到达井底.那么,井深多少米?【解答】解:(20×5﹣15×6+20)×5,=30×5,=150(分米)=15(米).答:井深15米.30.如图所示,直角三角形三条边分别长为3、4、5.求绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积.【解答】解:斜边上高:3×4÷2×2÷5=12÷5=2.4×3.14×2.42×5=×3.14×5.76×5=30.144答:绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积是30.144.。
2018年河北省石家庄市第27中学小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市第27中学小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版2018年河北省石家庄市第27中学小升初英语试卷一、I语法:从下列各题所给的三个选项中,选择最佳答案.(共10分,每小题1分)1.(1分)This is______eraser,and you can see my name on_____eraser.()A.an.,the B.a,the C.an,/2.(1分)The boy is Bob Green.His_____ is Bob.()A.family name B.middle name C.first name3.(1分)My sister and I______in the reading room.()A.is B.be C.are4.(1分)Are you going_____ the Great Wall this summer?()A.to visit B.visit C.visiting5.(1分)I don' t like eating______,but I have three______.()A.chickens,chicken B.chicken,chicken C.chicken,chickens6.(1分)Does Jimmy sit_____your right?()A.in B.on C.by7.(1分)I_____my key everywhere,but I didn't_____it.()A.found;look for B.looked for;find C.looked for,finds8.(1分)Many students in our school enjoy_______in class.()A.listening music B.listening to music C.listen to music9.(1分)This term Miss Li teaches _____English and welove_____very much.()A.our;her B.us.;she C.us.her 10.(1分)﹣Would you like some green tea?_______I'm very thirsty.(口渴的)()A.No thanks.B.Yes,please.C.No,just a little.二、Ⅱ完形填空.(共10分,每小,题1分)闼读下而的短文,根搭其内容从A、B、C3个选项中迭出最住答案.11.(10分)Hi,I'm Sally.I have two good (1),Gina and Linda.They are twins(双胞胎姐妹).(2)last name is White.They come from(3).They are both in Class two,Grade Eight.The two girls are tidy(整洁的).In their room,some (4)and CDs are in the bookcase.The (5)schoolbags are on the table.A model car is on the table,too.Next to(紧邻)the model car is a picture.(6)girls are in the picture.Do you(7)who they are!Well,they are the twins and I.Look! There is a(8)under the table,it's Gina's,Gina likes sports,(9)Linda doesn't.She likes reading books.Gina and I always play volleyball on the playground.(10)and I always read in the classroom.I really like these two American friends.(1)A.friends B.students C.teachers(2)A.Her B.Us C.Their(3)A.China B.America C.American(4)A.apples B.hooks C.jackets(5)A.girl's B.girls'C.girl(6)A.Two B.Three C.Four(7)A.call B.find C.know(8)A.basketball B.soccer ball C.volleyball(9)A.and B.but C.so(10)A.Linda B.Gina C.White三、Ⅲ阌读理解(共10分,每小题10分)12.(10分)Dear wen Jing,Today is December 12,I get early this morning,After breakfast my cousin Linda takes me to Mikes birthday party,Mike is Linda's good friend,but I don't know him.Of course I don't know where his house is.Oh,Linda knows the way to his house.At about eight o'clock we get to mike's house Mike is very friendly,and I like him very much.I have fun at his party.And I know a lot about Mikes family.His parents are teachers,but they don't work in the same school.Mike has two sisters,they are Susan and Alice.They both like sports.And they both have pen pals in China,just like me.Who do you know is Alice's pen pal?Her pen pal is Zhang Xuefeng.He's your cousin,Isn't it interesting?YourHelen(1)knows the way to Mikes house.A.Helen B.Wen Jing C.Linda。
2018年河北省石家庄市27中小升初语文试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市27中小升初语文试卷一、积累与运用.(49分)1.(6分)看拼音,写词语。
duàn liàn fěi cuìchúchuāng shūjíjiàn wēi zhīzhù2.(3分)在括号中给加点字选择正确的读音,打上“√”。
(1)多数铺.(pūpù)户在正.(zhēng zhèng)月初六开张,不过并不很忙。
(2)您就会不见的,像那暖和的火炉,喷.(pēn pèn)香的烤鹅……(3)在所有的世界著名人物中,玛丽•居里是唯一没有被盛.(chéng shèng)名宠坏的人。
3.(5分)查字典,按要求完成练习。
(1)“兜”用部首查字法,应先查部首,再查画。
(2)根据语境选择“兜”的正确解释,将序号填在后面的括号里。
兜①口袋一类的东西:裤~儿|~儿布。
②做成兜形把东西拢住:用毛巾~着|船帆~风。
招揽:~售。
③承担或包下来:没关系,有问题我~着。
④绕:~抄|~圈子。
(1)她的旧围裙里兜着许多火柴,手里还拿着一把。
(2)水流很急,我们必须兜圈子绕路,从北面的浅滩上过去。
(3)他告诉我说:“别担心别人会怎么对你,有什么事儿我兜着。
”4.(5分)把下列四字词语补充完整。
实事求兵政无有各己见灯彩革鼎5.(3分)在括号里写出与加点词语意思相近的词语。
(1)居里夫人的美名,从她发现镭那一刻起就流传于世....,迄今已经百年。
(2)“伙计们捉弄..我,他们打发我上酒店去打酒。
”(3)“不要放走一个!”窗外传来粗暴..的吼声。
6.(1分)“解救人质、审阅作业、彩排节目、捐赠礼物”这些词语的搭配都是合适的。
(判断对错)7.(1分)《为人民服务》是毛主席在张思德同志追悼会上所作的演讲,是一篇议论文。
(判断对错)8.(1分)“这是一年的最后一天﹣﹣大年夜。
”句中的破折号表示意思的递进。
2018年石家庄精英中学小升初入学考试数学试卷(含解析)
精英中学2018年小升初入学考试数学试卷一.认真思考填补空格(每小题2分,共12分)1.二亿零四十万六千五百写作,四舍五入到万位约是.2.一种商品的价格先提价30%后,再打7折出售,现在售价是原价的.3.小龙读一本书,第一天读了全书的32,第二天读了余下的41,两天共读30页,这本书共有页.4.甲数是36,甲、乙两数的最大公约数是4,最小公倍数是288,那么乙数是.5.浓度为60%的酒精溶液200克,与浓度为30%的酒精溶液300克混合后所得到的酒精溶液的浓度是.6.图中,正方形的总数是__________.二.认真细心,神机妙算(能简算的要简算,列出计算步骤,每小题5分,共25分)7.15623157⨯8.)(6.08553375.0531324⨯+⨯÷-9.26172382652317⨯+⨯10.5499999549999549995499549++++11.51143-2148711515⨯÷-三.动手操作,看图做题(仔细看图,按要求答题,注意写出答题步骤,每小题6分,共18分)12.求图中阴影部分的周长。
(单位cm)13.下图是1号教学楼上的时钟,已知时针和分针分别长30cm和40cm,试求:时钟走1小时,时针与分针扫过的平面的面积差。
(π去3.14)14.如图,OA、OB分别是圆的半径,并且OA=OB=6厘米,∠BOA=90°,请你想一想,阴影部分的面积会是多少平方厘米呢?四.开动脑筋,实际应用(注意答题规范,写好答题步骤,每小题9分,共45分)15.南北两仓原有同样多的大米,南仓第一天运出,第二天运出180吨;北仓第一天运出的与剩下的比是1:3,第二天运出120吨,这时两仓剩下的大米还是同样多.南北两仓原来各有大米多少吨?(用方程做)16.王师傅加工一批零件,原计划每小时加工30个,6小时可以完成,实际每小时比原来计划多加工20%,实际加工这批零件比原计划提前几小时?17.某商厦采用“满300送50”的办法来促销,办法是这样的:购物满300元,赠送50元“礼券”,不足300元的部分,忽略不计.如果买720元的商品,可获得两张50元的“礼券”,余下的120元略去不计.“礼券”可在下次购物时代替现金,但使用“礼券”的部分不能再享受此优惠.一位顾客先用1000元购买了A 商品,得到礼券后又用这些礼券和280元现金购买了B商品.问:这位顾客在此商厦购买A、B两种商品最多享受几折优惠?(取整数)18.有含盐8%的盐水40千克,要配制含盐20%的盐水100千克,需要加入的盐水的浓度为百分之几?19.一项工程,甲单独做需要12小时完成,乙单独做需要18小时完成.如果按甲先乙后,甲,乙......的顺序交替工作,每人每次1小时轮流工作,那么共需要多少小时完成任务?2018年精英中学小升初入学考试数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一.认真思考填补空格(每小题2分,共12分)1.二亿零四十万六千五百写作200406500,四舍五入到万位约是20041万.【分析】本题可以用数位顺序表来写出这个数,在数位表中哪一位是几就写几,没有读出的就写0;用四舍五入法省略“万”后面的尾数,需要看千位上的数字,千位上是6,要向前一位进“1”,然后把万位后面的数都省略去,然后加上单位“万”.【解答】解:二亿零四十万六千五百写作:200406500;200466500≈20047万.故答案为:200406500,20041万.2.一种商品的价格先提价30%后,再打7折出售,现在售价是原价的.【分析】提价30%是把原价看作单位“1”,再打7折(70%)出售是把提价后的价格看作单位“1”,再根据求一个数的百分之几是多少,列式解答.【解答】解:(1+30%)×70%=1.3×0.7=0.91=91%;答:现在售价是原价的91%.3.小龙读一本书,第一天读了全书的32,第二天读了余下的41,两天共读30页,这本书共有40页.【分析】第一天读了全书的2,则还剩下全部的1﹣2,又第二天读了余下的1,根据分数乘法的意义可知,第二天读了全部的(1﹣32)×41,两天共读了全部的+(1﹣32)×41,又两天共读30页,根据分数除法的意义可知,这本书共有30÷[32+(1﹣32)×41]页.【解答】解:30÷[32+(1﹣32)×41]=30÷[32+31×41],=30÷[12132 ],=30÷43,=40(页).即这本书共有40页.故答案为:40.4.甲数是36,甲、乙两数的最大公约数是4,最小公倍数是288,那么乙数是32.【分析】因为:两数的最小公倍数×最大公约数=两个数的乘积,所以乙=288×4÷36;进而解答即可.【解答】解:因为:两数的积等于两数的最小公倍数乘以最大公约数.所以乙数为:288×4÷36,=1152÷36,=32;答:乙数是32.故答案为:32.5.浓度为60%的酒精溶液200克,与浓度为30%的酒精溶液300克混合后所得到的酒精溶液的浓度是42%.【分析】酒精的浓度是指纯酒精的重量占酒精溶液总重量的百分比,先分别把原来两个酒精溶液的重量看成单位单位“1”,用酒精溶液的重量分别乘浓度求出纯酒精的重量;再求出混合后纯酒精一共有多少克,再求出酒精溶液一共有多少克,用纯酒精的重量除以酒精溶液的重量乘100%即可.【解答】解:200×60%=120(克);300×30%=90(克);(120+90)÷(200+300),=210÷500,=42%;答:混合后所得到的酒精溶液的浓度是42%.故答案为:42%.6.图中,正方形的总数是40.【分析】按照正方形的边数分类去数,先数最大的正方形内部包含的小正方形数量,再单独数中间两个特殊的小正方形内部包含的正方形数量,最后加到一起就是要求的正方形总数.【解答】解:边长为1的小正方形:4×4=16(个);边长为2的小正方形:3×3=9(个);边长为3的小正方形:2×2=4(个);边长为4的小正方形:1个;中间的两个小正方,每个共有5个:5×2=10(个);共有:16+9+4+1+10=40(个).故答案为:40个.二.认真细心,神机妙算(能简算的要简算,列出计算步骤,每小题5分,共25分)7.15623231562311562315615623115615623157=⨯+⨯=⨯+=⨯)(8.23223243558-324538553835313246.08553375.0531324=-=⨯=⨯+⨯÷-=⨯+⨯÷-()(9.461721231726826523172682317265231726172382652317=⨯=+⨯=⨯+⨯=⨯+⨯)(10.111109551100000100001000100105499999549999549995499549=⨯-++++=++++11.433109-125-15155643-29815151551143-2148711515==⨯÷-=⨯÷-三.动手操作,看图做题(仔细看图,按要求答题,注意写出答题步骤,每小题6分,共18分)12.求图中阴影部分的周长。
2018年河北省石家庄市二中西校区小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市二中西校区小升初英语试卷一、找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)1.(1分)找出划线部分读音与众不同的单词()A.map B.stamp C.face D.cat2.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.appear B.pearl C.turn D.hurt3.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.month B.sixth C.with D.maths4.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.season B.beach C.please D.great5.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.walked B.wanted C.kicked D.jumped二、选择最佳的答案填空.(本大题共10小题,每小题1系满分10分!6.(1分)﹣﹣When did the earthquake in Mexico happen?﹣﹣It happened __________12:49_______the noon of September 8th,2017.()A.on;in B.in;on C.at;on D.at;in7.(1分)The man has ______ friends in this city,so he often stays at home.()A.a few B.few C.a little D.little8.(1分)﹣﹣﹣How do you usually go to school,Mary?﹣﹣﹣I usually go to school _______ a bus.()A.take B.by C.with D.on9.(1分)﹣﹣﹣The ice cream is ______ delicious.﹣﹣﹣Yes,but don't eat _______.()A.much too;too much B.too much;much tooC.too many;much too D.much too;too many10.(1分)﹣﹣﹣Could you please ____ so much noise?﹣﹣﹣Sorry,I won't do that.()A.not to make B.not make C.not making D.don't make11.(1分)﹣﹣﹣By the way,_____ is it from your home to the Summer Palace?﹣﹣﹣It usually takes me 30minutes to walk there.()A.How long B.How far C.How much D.How often12.(1分)He had a stomachache ____ he ate something bad this morning.()A.or B.if C.so D.because13.(1分)I hear _______ students went to the hall to have the meeting.()A.two hundred B.two hundreds C.hundred of D.two hundred of14.(1分)﹣﹣﹣Could I use your bike for today,Sam?﹣﹣﹣__________.I'm not using it.()A.I have no idea B.No,you can't C.Sure,go ahead D.Never mind15.(1分)﹣﹣﹣I can't stand the weather.I would like to take off my shirt.﹣﹣﹣Hey,hey …the weather report says it will be much ____ tomorrow.()A.warmer B.hotter C.colder D.cooler三、完形填空.(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)16.(10分)In America,the school day usually starts at 9a.m.and finishes at about 4p.m.The school subjects are different from(31).In China,we always(32)Chinese,math,English,P.E.and so on.But in America,students have more(33),such as cooking and driving lessons.Their life isn't just(34)study.They have(35)things to do than the Chinese students do.There are many clubs in American schools,too.If the students are(36)in sports,they can join different sports clubs.American students also have art clubs,language clubs and some(37)clubs.From 2:30p.m.to 4p.m.,they do(38)things in different clubs.Maybe you think English is very popular in the world,so American students don't need to learn any foreign languages.(39)that's not true.American kids from the age of seven(40)learna foreign language.For example,they learn French or Chinese.31.A.our B.ours C.we D.us32.A.have B.think C.has D.want33.A.clubs B.sports C.lessons D.things34.A.about B.over C.down D.in35.A.much B.more C.many D.lots36.A.interest B.interested C.interests D.interesting37.A.other B.another C.any D.others 38.A.impossible B.dangerous C.different D.important 39.A.Because B.So C.But D.And 40.A.must to B.don't have to C.has to D.have to 四、阅读理解.(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)17.(10分)51.If you'd like to order some dim sum,you should call.A.3619042 B.3062481 C.2241086 D.295778352.Pizza Palace is the best place for children to eat because.A.the waitress service is friendly and polite B.there is a special children's menuC.there are indoor or outdoor seats D.it's close to Smithfield Shopping centre53.How many hours a day is the Seafood Inn open from Tuesday to Friday?A.3.B.5.D.8.D.12.54.The address of Hamburger Joe's is.A.589Walkley Road,Smithfield B.14Jetty Road,GlenelgC.28O'Connel1ST CITV D.482Spring Street,Carlton55.Which of following is not true?A.In Peppi's Italian Restaurant you can bring your own drinks.B.You can't buy breakfast at Hamburger Joe's.C.You can enjoy authentic Chinese food in Chinese Restaurant.D.You can eat inside or take away from Pizza Palace.五、根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词.(共5小题,每空1分,满分5分)18.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词John is good at w stories for children.19.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词He brushes his t before he goes to bed.20.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词The boy is old enough to get d.21.(1分)My grandma is so relaxed.Now she is listening to music w her eyes closed.22.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词Red is l color in China.六、按要求改写下列句子(共4小题,毎空1分,满分10分!23.(2分)Tony doesn't work every day.(用next week改写句子)Tony next week.24.(2分)My computer is broken.(改为同义句)There is my computer.25.(3分)Peter wants to learn Chinese because he likes Chinese food.(对画线部分提问)Peter want to learn Chinese?26.(3分)This is my photo.(改为复数形式)our.六、书面表达.(本大题共1小题.满分10分)27.(10分)题目,以"My Trip"为题,写一篇英语短文,60个单词左右.要求:1.条理清晰,意思明确、连贯,适当发挥想象力,词句通顺,标点正确,书写正确,规范;2.不少于60个单词.2018年河北省石家庄市二中西校区小升初英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项(本大题共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)1.(1分)找出划线部分读音与众不同的单词()A.map B.stamp C.face D.cat【解答】考查字母发音,字母"a"在单词"map"中发[æ],字母"a"在单词"stamp"中发[æ],字母"a"在单词"face"中发[ei],字母"a"在单词"cat"中发[æ],C项与A,B,D划线部分,发音不同.故选:C.2.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.appear B.pearl C.turn D.hurt【解答】考查字母组合ear和ur在单词中的读音.appear[əˈpɪə(r)],pearl[pɜ:l],turn[tɜ:n],hurt[h ɜ:t],字母组合ear在单词appear中发[ɪə],字母组合ear在单词pearl中发[ɜ:],字母组合ur在单词turn,hurt发音[ɜ:].故选:A.3.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.month B.sixth C.with D.maths【解答】考查字母组合th在单词中的读音.sixth[sɪksθ],month[mʌnθ],with[wɪð],maths[mæθs],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合th在单词with中发[ð],字母组合th在单词sixth,month,maths中发[θ].故选:C.4.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.season B.beach C.please D.great【解答】考查字母组合ea在单词中的读音.season[ˈsi:zn],beach[bi:tʃ],please[pli:z],great [gre ɪt] ,字母组合ea在单词season,beach,please中都发[i:],字母组合ea在单词great中发[[eɪ].故选:D.5.(1分)找出划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项()A.walked B.wanted C.kicked D.jumped【解答】考查过去式和过去分词中字母组合ed在单词词尾中的音,walked[wɔ:kt]wanted[ˈwɒntɪd],kicked[kikt],jumped[dʒʌmpt].根据单词的音标可知,字母组合ed在单词walked,kicked,kicked中读音[t],字母组合ed在单词wanted中读[ɪd].故选:B.二、选择最佳的答案填空.(本大题共10小题,每小题1系满分10分!6.(1分)﹣﹣When did the earthquake in Mexico happen?﹣﹣It happened __________12:49_______the noon of September 8th,2017.()A.on;in B.in;on C.at;on D.at;in【解答】本题考查时间介词的用法.由不完整句意中12:49可知,具体到几点几分之前的时间介词用at;又由the noon of September 8th,2017(2017年9月8日中午)可知,具体某一天的中午、下午、晚上之前的介词用on.A选项中on变为at,in变为on;B选项中in加在具体的年份,月份之前而不是时间点之前;C选项符合题意;D选项in的用法错误.故选:C.7.(1分)The man has ______ friends in this city,so he often stays at home.()A.a few B.few C.a little D.little【解答】考查同义词.a few"有一点",few"几乎没有",二者修饰可数名词;a little"有一点儿",little"没有多少",二者修饰不可数名词,根据句意"这个男人在这个城市里几乎没有朋友,因此他经常呆在家里".这个男人在这个城市里几乎没有朋友,因此他经常呆在家里.故选:B.8.(1分)﹣﹣﹣How do you usually go to school,Mary?﹣﹣﹣I usually go to school _______ a bus.()A.take B.by C.with D.on【解答】考查短语.根据题干可知,句子时态为一般现在时,乘坐公共汽车是by bus或者是on a bus.均属于介词词组.B选项by 后不加冠词.A.take a bus 是动词词组.C选项with译为和,不符合.故选:D.9.(1分)﹣﹣﹣The ice cream is ______ delicious.﹣﹣﹣Yes,but don't eat _______.()A.much too;too much B.too much;much tooC.too many;much too D.much too;too many【解答】考查同义词.much too"太…".后接形容词,too much dilicious"太美味";too much "太多的…".后接不可数名词.too much(ice cream)"太多冰淇淋",句中省略不可数名词ice cram.故选:A.10.(1分)﹣﹣﹣Could you please ____ so much noise?﹣﹣﹣Sorry,I won't do that.()A.not to make B.not makeC.not making D.don't make【解答】根据" Could you please ____ so much noise?"可知这里could是一个情态动词,后面跟动词原形,而否定形式是直接在动词原形前加not.同时,"make noise"是固定搭配,表示"制造噪声".故选:B.11.(1分)﹣﹣﹣By the way,_____ is it from your home to the Summer Palace?﹣﹣﹣It usually takes me 30minutes to walk there.()A.How long B.How far C.How much D.How often【解答】本题考查交际用语.回答句句意为"通常需要30分钟走到那."可知在询问路程,询问路程用How far is it from 某地to 某地?故选:B.12.(1分)He had a stomachache ____ he ate something bad this morning.()A.or B.if C.so D.because【解答】考查复合句,题干"He had a stomachache …"是复合句中的主句,表示"他肚子疼";题干"…he ate something bad this morning"是复合句中的从句,表示"他上午吃了不好的东西".根据句意,可知从句是原因状语从句,因为"他上午吃了不好的东西",所以"他肚子疼".故选:D.13.(1分)I hear _______ students went to the hall to have the meeting.()A.two hundred B.two hundredsC.hundred of D.two hundred of【解答】本题考查数词的用法.题干表达"我听说有200名学生去大厅参加了会议".two hundred二百,是一个整体,修饰名词students,hundred不用复数形式.而hundred与of的常见搭配是"hundreds of",表示"好几百的,许许多多的",hundred用复数形式hundreds.故选:A.14.(1分)﹣﹣﹣Could I use your bike for today,Sam?﹣﹣﹣__________.I'm not using it.()A.I have no idea B.No,you can'tC.Sure,go ahead D.Never mind【解答】考查请求交际用语.题干句意为:我今天能用一下你的自行车吗,山姆?由答语" I'm not using it"可知山姆现在不用自行车,可推测是答应了请求.A我没有主意.B不,你不能,与I'm not using it 相矛盾.D没关系,与语境不相符.故选:C.15.(1分)﹣﹣﹣I can't stand the weather.I would like to take off my shirt.﹣﹣﹣Hey,hey …the weather report says it will be much ____ tomorrow.()A.warmer B.hotter C.colder D.cooler【解答】考查形容词的比较级.由副词"much"可得为形容词比较级,根据第一句"我不能忍受这天气.我想要脱掉我的衬衫."可知天气十分炎热,由此可知下句句意为"天气预报说明天会更热";A选项意为更暖和;B选项意为更热;C选项意为更冷;D选项意为更凉爽;B选项"更热"符合.故选:B.三、完形填空.(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)16.(10分)In America,the school day usually starts at 9a.m.and finishes at about 4p.m.The school subjects are different from(31)B.In China,we always(32)A Chinese,math,English,P.E.and so on.But in America,students have more(33)C,such as cooking and driving lessons.Theirlife isn't just(34)A study.They have(35)B things to do than the Chinese students do.There are many clubs in American schools,too.If the students are(36)B in sports,they can join different sports clubs.American students also have art clubs,language clubs and some(37)A clubs.From 2:30p.m.to 4p.m.,they do(38)C things in different clubs.Maybe you think English is very popular in the world,so American students don't need to learn any foreign languages.(39)C that's not true.American kids from the age of seven(40)D learn a foreign language.For example,they learn French or Chinese.31.A.our B.ours C.we D.us32.A.have B.think C.has D.want33.A.clubs B.sports C.lessons D.things34.A.about B.over C.down D.in35.A.much B.more C.many D.lots36.A.interest B.interested C.interests D.interesting37.A.other B.another C.any D.others38.A.impossible B.dangerous C.different D.important39.A.Because B.So C.But D.And40.A.must to B.don't have to C.has to D.have to【解答】(31)B.考查代词.根据文中"The school subjects are different from______"可知,学校的科目与我们的科目不同.ours=our subjects.故选:B.(32)A.考查动词.根据文中"we always_____ Chinese,math,English,P.E.and so on."可知,我们总是有汉语、数学、英语、体育等课程.have /has."上课",has用于第三人称单数.we是复数,要用have.故选:A.(33)C.考查名词.根据下文中" such as cooking and driving lessons."中lessons可知,more后要接lessons.more lessons"更多的课程".故选:C.(34)A.考查介词.根据文中"Their life isn't just_____ study."可知,他们的生活不只是关于学习.about"关于".故选:A.(35)B.考查形容词.根据文中"They have_____ things to do than the Chinese students do"可知,than 是连词用于比较级中,things前面要用more.故选:B.(36)B.考查形容词.根据文中"If the students are______ in sports"可知,interested 感兴趣.故选:B.(37)A.考查不定代词.根据文中"American students also have art clubs,language clubs and some _____ clubs."可知,除了art club和language club之外,还有一些其他clubs.another"另一"后接单数可数名词,others=other clubs.other"其他的"可以作定语后接名词的单复数.故选:A.(38)C.考查形容词.根据文中"they do______ things in different clubs."可知,在不同的俱乐部做不同的事情.different不同的.故选:C.(39)C.考查连词词.根据文中" For example,they learn French or Chinese"可知,美国孩子学法语和汉语.but表转折,他们不需要学习任何语言的说法是不对的.故选:C.(40)D.考查情态动词.根据文中内容可知,美国孩子们必须要学习语言.must 后接动词原形,don't have to不必要,has to三人称单数,故这三个选项都不符合要求.主语是复数,要用have to"不得不,必须".故选:D.四、阅读理解.(本大题共1小题,每小题10分,满分10分)17.(10分)51.If you'd like to order some dim sum,you should call A.A.3619042 B.3062481 C.2241086 D.295778352.Pizza Palace is the best place for children to eat because B.A.the waitress service is friendly and polite B.there is a special children's menuC.there are indoor or outdoor seats D.it's close to Smithfield Shopping centre53.How many hours a day is the Seafood Inn open from Tuesday to Friday?C A.3.B.5.D.8.D.12.54.The address of Hamburger Joe's is B.A.589Walkley Road,Smithfield B.14Jetty Road,GlenelgC.28O'Connel1ST CITV D.482Spring Street,Carlton55.Which of following is not true?DA.In Peppi's Italian Restaurant you can bring your own drinks.B.You can't buy breakfast at Hamburger Joe's.C.You can enjoy authentic Chinese food in Chinese Restaurant.D.You can eat inside or take away from Pizza Palace.【解答】主要考查对文章细节的阅读理解.51.A.细节理解.题意"如果你想点点心,你应该打_____."根据SUNDAY DIM SUM LUNCH提供的信息Situated in Smithfield Shopping centre.Tel:3619042,可知A选项符合题意,故选:A..52.B.细节理解.题意"比萨宫是孩子们最适合吃的地方,因为_____."根据Pizza Palace的信息Special children's menu,可知提供儿童特色菜单.故选:B.53.C.数字理解.题意"海鲜店从星期二到星期五一天营业几小时?"根据The Seafood Inn的信息Time:Tuesday to Friday/12:00﹣3:00 pm 6:30﹣11:30 pm可知,3+5=8.故选:C.54.B.细节理解.题意"Hamburger Joe的地址是_____."根据Hamburger Joe's的信息Place:14 Jetty Road,Glenelg可知,地点在格伦尔格码头路14号.故选:B.55.D.细节理解.题意"以下哪项不正确?"根据Pizza Palace的信息Fully Licensed可知,该店是全套外卖服务,D项说法错误.故选:D.五、根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词.(共5小题,每空1分,满分5分)18.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词John is good at w riting stories for children.【解答】考查首字母填空.根据句意John擅长给孩子们()故事.及提示w,应该是写write,at 是介词后面要用动名词.故答案为:writing.19.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词He brushes his t eeth before he goes to bed.【解答】考查首字母填空.根据题干:before he goes to bed睡觉前刷,及提示t应该是牙,要用tooth 的复数teeth.故答案为:teeth.20.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词The boy is old enough to get d ressed.【解答】考查首字母填空.根据题干:这个男孩大到可以..及提示d,get dressed穿衣服是固定短语.故答案为:dressed.21.(1分)My grandma is so relaxed.Now she is listening to music w ith her eyes closed.【解答】考查单词填空,be doing表示正在做某事,根据题干不完全信息可知题干后半句为现在进行时,句意为:我奶奶太放松了,现在她闭着眼睛听着音乐.此处填with最符合语境,with her eyes closed.表示闭着眼睛听音乐,表示伴随状语.故填:with22.(1分)根据句意和首字母提示补全下列单词Red is l ucky color in China.【解答】考查首字母填空.根据题干:Red is l color in China.红色在中国,提示l,应该是幸运的颜色.所以用形容词lucky修饰名词color.故答案为:lucky.六、按要求改写下列句子(共4小题,毎空1分,满分10分!23.(2分)Tony doesn't work every day.(用next week改写句子)Tony won't work next week.【解答】考查改写句子,句子表示"Tony每天都不工作",句子是否定句,主要表现为助动词的否定形式;时态是一般现在时态.用next week改写句子,时态将变为一般将来时态,使用情态动词will表将来时,采用will的否定形式will not,简写为won't,后面接动词原形work,即改写句子为:Tony won'twork next week.故填:won't work.24.(2分)My computer is broken.(改为同义句)There is something wrong with my computer.【解答】考查同义句转换.题干句意是:我的电脑坏了.转换后的句子句意为:我的电脑出了一些问题.There be句型,there be"表示"某地有某物",这里表示我的电脑有些问题,There is something wrong with sth.是固定搭配,意为某物有些问题;故填:something wrong with.25.(3分)Peter wants to learn Chinese because he likes Chinese food.(对画线部分提问)Why does Peter want to learn Chinese?【解答】考查就划线部分提问.划线部分是because he likes Chinese food.因为他喜欢中国菜,因而问句是以why引导的特殊疑问句,译为为什么,Peter是第三人称单数,一般现在时.故填:Why does.26.(3分)This is my photo.(改为复数形式)These are our photos.【解答】本题考查转为单复数句.把单数句转为复数句时,先把This变为These;然后把be动词由is 变为are;再把my photo变为复数形式our photos.故填:These are photos.六、书面表达.(本大题共1小题.满分10分)27.(10分)题目,以"My Trip"为题,写一篇英语短文,60个单词左右.要求:1.条理清晰,意思明确、连贯,适当发挥想象力,词句通顺,标点正确,书写正确,规范;2.不少于60个单词.My tripLast summer I went to Guilin with my parents.Guilin was a beautiful city and I liked it very much.We had a great time there.We went there by car.After arrival,we firstly went to Lijiang River.We travelled along Lijiang River by boat.The water was clean and the air was fresh.Although a litter tired,we still enjoyed ourselves.I really want to visit it again!【解答】My tripLast summer I went to Guilin with my parents.Guilin was a beautiful city and I liked it very much.We had a great time there.We went there by car.After arrival,we firstly went to Lijiang River.We travelled along Lijiang River by boat.The water was clean and the air was fresh.Although a litter tired,we still enjoyed ourselves.I really want to visit it again!我的旅游去年夏天,我和我的父母去桂林.桂林是一座美丽的城市,我非常喜欢它.我们在那玩得很高兴.我们坐小汽车去那.当我们到达后,我们首先去了漓江.我们沿着漓江坐船旅游.那里的水很清澈,空气很新鲜.尽管有一点累,但是我们还是很享受.我真的想要再次去桂林旅游.。
2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷一、找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项.(5分)1.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.School B.chair C.China D.much2.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.These B.brother C.both D.with3.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.What B.which C.white D.whose4.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.Short B.Horse C.Worth D.forty5.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项A.Heavy B.sweater C.meat D.bread二、词型转换.(10分)6.(10分)词型转换(1)country (复数)(2)far (比较级)(3)open (现在分词)(4)quick (副词)(5)sea(同音词)(6)we(形容词性物主代词)(7)one (序数词)(8)hear (同音词)(9)sun(形容词)(10)ran(原形).三、选择填空.(10分)7.(1分)After school we usually play _________ soccer for half _________ hour on _________ sports ground.()A./;an;the B.the;a;the C./;a;/D.the;an;a8.(1分)﹣Is she a bus driver?﹣_________.She is a postwoman.()A.No,she isn't B.Yes,she is C.No,she is D.Yes,she isn't9.(1分)Can you help my child ______ his science ______ Tuesday mornings?()A.in;in B.with;on C.for;at D.with;at 10.(1分)﹣Is this your shoe?﹣Yes,it is,but where is _________?()A.the others B.other one C.another D.the other one11.(1分)That storybook is very _________.The children are _________ in it.()A.interesting;interest B.interest;interestedC.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting12.(1分)There _________ a ruler and some pencils in the pencil﹣box.()A.be B.is C.are D.has 13.(1分)It often rains __________ in the summer of Nanjing.()A.strong B.big C.hard D.heavy 14.(1分)The basketball ______________ the bed isn't mine.()A.under B.is under C.is on D.is15.(1分)Thank you ________ giving me so much help.()A.to B.for C.with D.in16.(1分)What did you do last night?I did my homework and _______ TV.()A.Watch B.Watched C.will watch D.am watching四、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填充.(5分)17.(1分)My sister usually(do)her homework at 7 in the morning.18.(1分)They are going(fish)tomorrow.19.(1分)﹣﹣﹣What is your hobby?﹣﹣﹣﹣.(dance)20.(1分)The weather gets(cold)in winter.21.(1分)The pair of jeans(be)yours,it isn't mine.五、句型转换.(10分)22.(2分)Sarah often reads books in the morning.(改为疑问句)23.(2分)Sometimes I go to the cinema with Nick on Saturday.(就划线部分提问)24.(2分)That is a sheep over there.(改为复数形式)25.(2分)What does Kate do?(同义句改写)Kate?26.(2分)You can't play football on the street.(祈使句)六、下面的句子有一处错误,请在错误处划线,并在横线上改正.(5分)27.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Would you like anything to eat?A B C D28.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正He is sitting behind I !A B C D29.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正The socks in the school is Kate's.A B C30.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Is it he bag?A B C31.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Who's jackets are these?A B C九、完形填空.(10分)32.(10分)Xiao Ling is a middle school student.She likes English and she is good it.She often her parents about her English study.Now she is talking her father about her English study again.Xiao Ling says,"Look,Dad,this is our new English book.There are a lot of interesting in it."Mmm,not bad.Do you speak only English in class,does your teacher explain (解释)everything to you in Chinese?""Oh,our teacher speaks to only in English.Sometimes it's not easy for usher,but she says listening and speaking help."I think she's right.Does she speak English very slowly?" "Not.Sometimes we don't understand her.Then she has to say it again.""It's interesting to study English,isn't it?" "Yes.And I'm going to work at it in the new school year." "That's good.I'm sure you'll study better."( 1 )A.in B.with C.at D.about( 2 )A.tells B.speaks C.says D.talks( 3 )A.for B.with C.about D.on( 4 )A.story B.a story C.stories D.storys( 5 )A.and B.but C.how D.or( 6 )A.we B.our C.us D.ours(7 )A.to understand B.Understand C.understanding D.understand(8 )A.many B.a lot C. a lot of D.too many(9 )A.always B.sometimes C.good D.speak(10 )A.hard B.harder C.the harder D.hardest八、阅读理解.(10分)33.(5分)阅读理解.The Road family often does housework together at the weekends.Pam often cleans bedrooms.Her father buys groceries (食品杂货)for the next week.Her mum washes the clothes.John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden.The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.In the park,they can play basketball and football.They always have a good time there.It is happy when a family works and plays together.1.How many people are there in the Road family?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2.The Road family likes to.A.go on a picnic B.go shopping C.have a rest D.go to the park3.When the family work together,they feel.A.Tired B.Happy C.Angry D.sad4.cuts the grass in the garden.A.Father B.Mother C.Pam D.John5.A good title (标题)for the passage is.A.A family works and plays together B.Cleaning the roomsC.A happy family D.Pam and her parents.34.(5分)阅读理解Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper.There is a big black dot in the middle of the white paper.Miss Green put up this piece of paper and asked,"What can you see,children?" All the children looked at the black dot."A black dot." they answered quickly."But can't you see this piece of paper?The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life.If we only see the black dot,how can we be happy?" Miss Green said.The classroom was very quiet.Miss Green took out another piece of paper.It was a piece of black paper with white dot in the middle."What can you see,kids?" she asked the children,"A White dot." The children answered loudly.Miss Green smiled,"My children,although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like the clouds in the sky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon.You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."( 1 )What is the relationship between Miss Green and the children?A.Mother and children B.Teacher and studentsC.Doctor and patients D.Boss and workers( 2 )What does the "black dot " stand for(代表)?A.The lucky things in our life B.The sunshine in our lifeC.The unlucky things in our life D.The clouds in our life( 3 )What does the word "positive" mean in Chinese?A.善良的B.积极的,乐观的C.美好的D.聪明的( 4 )Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?A.Miss Green likes white.B.If we can only see the black dot,we can be happy.C.No one likes clouds in the sky.D.Miss Green wants the kids to be positive in their life( 5 )What does this article want to tell us?A.We should see the white dot on the black paper.B.Everyone is unlucky sometimes.C.We should not like clouds.D.You should find the hope of live when you are in trouble七、根据上下文完成下列短文.(10分)35.(10分)根据上下文完成下列短文Today is the last school day.It is S tomorrow.My parents and I are g to the park.In the park,t is a r.I want to s there because it is very h in summer.Swimming c make me cool.But you know I am not g at swimming.My father will teach me h to swim.I think I w have a good time there.十、书面表达.(5分)36.(5分)写作.你即将成为一名中学生,在中学校园里,你会接触到新的同学和新的老师,现请你对自己的情况做一下自我介绍.内容包括以下几点.(1)你的性别,年龄.(2)你的爱好.(3)你喜欢哪些学科./你为何喜欢这些学科?(4)你父母的职业.等等.不少于六句话.2018年河北省石家庄市二中南校区小升初英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项.(5分)1.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项AA.School B.chair C.China D.much【解答】考查字母组合ch在单词中的读音.school[sku:l],chair[tʃeə(r)],China['tʃaɪnə],much[m ʌtʃ] ,根据单词的音标可知,字母组合ch在单词,chair,China,much中读音[tʃ],字母组合ch在单词school中读[k].故选:A.2.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.These B.brother C.both D.with【解答】考查字母组合th在单词中的读音.these[ði:z],brother[ˈbrʌðə(r)],both[bəʊθ],with[wɪð],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合th在单词these,brother,witht中发[ð],字母组合th在单词both 中发[θ].故选:C.3.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项DA.What B.which C.white D.whose【解答】考查字母组合wh在单词中的读音.what[wɒt] ,which[wɪtʃ],white[waɪt],whose[hu:z],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合wh在单词what ,which,white中发[w],字母组合wh在单词whose 中发[h].故选:D.4.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.Short B.Horse C.Worth D.forty【解答】考查字母组合or在单词中的读音,short[ʃɔ:t],horse[hɔ:s],worth[wɜ:θ],forty[ˈfɔ:ti],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合or在单词short,horse,forty中都发[ɔ:],字母组合or在单词worth发[ɜ:].故选:C.5.(1分)找出画线部分读音不同于其它三项的选项CA.Heavy B.sweater C.meat D.bread【解答】考查字母组合ea在单词中的读音.heavy[ˈhevi],sweater[ˈswetə(r)],meat[mi:t],bread[bred],根据单词的音标可知,字母组合ea在单词meat中发[i:],字母组合ea在单词heavy,sweater,bread 中都发[e].故选:C.二、词型转换.(10分)6.(10分)词型转换(1)country (复数)countries(2)far (比较级)farther(3)open (现在分词)opening(4)quick (副词)quickly(5)sea(同音词)see(6)we(形容词性物主代词)our(7)one (序数词)first(8)hear (同音词)here(9)sun(形容词)sunny(10)ran(原形)run.【解答】(1)countries.考查可数名词的复数.country是以辅音加y结尾的名词变复数,把y变i再加es,复数形式是"countries".(2)farther.考查形容词的比较级."far"表示远的,"farther"表示更远的.(3)opening.考查动词的现在分词.open的现在分词,直接加ing变opening.(4)quickly.考查形容词的副词."quick"表示快的,其副词形式直接在词尾加ly,"quickly"表示迅速地.(5)see.考查同音词.sea的读音是/si:/,see的读音与其一样.(6)our.考查形容词性物主代词."we"表示我们,其形容词性物主代词是our,"our"表示我们的.(7)first.考查序数词."one"表示"一";序数词是"第一",对应词汇"first".(8)here.考查同音词."hear"的读音为[hɪə],here读音与其一样.(9)sunny考查名词的形容词."sun"表示名词,太阳,"sunny"表示晴朗的.(10)run.考查动词原形.ran是run的过去式.三、选择填空.(10分)7.(1分)After school we usually play _________ soccer for half _________ hour on _________ sports ground.()A./;an;the B.the;a;theC./;a;/D.the;an;a【解答】考查冠词.soccer足球,球类前面不加冠词;hour小时,首字母发元音,故用不定冠词an,sports ground运动场看,为特指,故用the.故选:A.8.(1分)﹣Is she a bus driver?﹣_________.She is a postwoman.()A.No,she isn't B.Yes,she isC.No,she is D.Yes,she isn't【解答】考查一般疑问句,句子表示"她是一名公交车司机吗?不是,她不是.她是一名女邮递员",该句为is she 为首的一般疑问句,由后一句She is a postwoman她是一个女邮递员,可知应作否定回答,故填No,she isn't.故选:A.9.(1分)Can you help my child ______ his science ______ Tuesday mornings?()A.in;in B.with;on C.for;at D.with;at【解答】考查短语和时间介词.句意为:星期二上午你能帮我的孩子学科学吗?help sb with sth,帮助某人做某事.Tuesday星期二,前面用介词on.故选:B.10.(1分)﹣Is this your shoe?﹣Yes,it is,but where is _________?()A.the others B.other one C.Another D.the other one【解答】考查代词.由题,"but"为转折连词,根据"is this your shoe",根据常识,"shoes"常为两只,推测下句意为"另一只在哪","两者中的另一个"用固定表达法the other one."the others"意为"其他的(多个)","another"意为"再一个(原数量上增加)","other one"无此用法.故选:D.11.(1分)That storybook is very _________.The children are _________ in it.()A.interesting;interest B.interest;interestedC.interesting;interested D.interested;interesting【解答】考查形容词词义辨析.interesting意为"令人感兴趣的",通常以物作主语,可作定语和表语;Interested 意为"感兴趣的",常用短语为be interested in,意为"对…感兴趣",通常以人作主语.故选:C.12.(1分)There _________ a ruler and some pencils in the pencil﹣box.()A.be B.is C.are D.has【解答】考查there be句型,句子表示"铅笔盒里有一把尺子和一些铅笔",该句为there be句型,表示"某地有某物",系动词就近原则,a ruler为单数,be 用is.故选:B.13.(1分)It often rains __________ in the summer of Nanjing.()A.strong B.big C.hard D.heavy【解答】考查副词用法,句子表示"夏天的时候南京雨下的大",A.strong强烈的,不符合题意,B.big大的,形容词,不符合题意,C.hard副词,猛烈地,修饰动词"rains",符合题意,D.heavy重的,形容词,修饰名词,不符合题意.故选:C.14.(1分)The basketball ______________ the bed isn't mine.()A.under B.is under C.is on D.is【解答】本题考查介词的用法.该句为否定句后置,isn't mine.不是我的.is放到了后面,前面只填介词就可以了,故填under.故选:A.15.(1分)Thank you ________ giving me so much help.()A.to B.for C.with D.in【解答】考查介词.由题,"thank you for doing sth"为固定用法,意为"因某事而感谢你".故选:B.16.(1分)What did you do last night?I did my homework and _______ TV.()A.Watch B.Watched C.will watch D.am watching【解答】考查动词过去式.由last night可知该句为一般过去时,因而所跟动词也用过去式,watch的过去式是在词尾直接加ed.故选:B.四、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填充.(5分)17.(1分)My sister usually does(do)her homework at 7 in the morning.【解答】考查单词填空.根据题干:usually是一般现在时的标志,主语My sister是第三人称单数.因此,填does.故答案是:does.18.(1分)They are going fishing(fish)tomorrow.【解答】本题考查单词填空.词组go fishing去钓鱼,fishing为动名词,钓鱼.故填fishing.19.(1分)﹣﹣﹣What is your hobby?﹣﹣﹣﹣Dancing.(dance)【解答】本题考查单词填空.根据What is your hobby,可知这里回答用动名词dancing.故填Dancing.20.(1分)The weather gets colder(cold)in winter.【解答】考查单词填空.根据题干:系动词gets是变的意思.因此,相对于秋天来说天变得更冷了,要用比较级colder.故答案是:colder.21.(1分)The pair of jeans is(be)yours,it isn't mine.【解答】本题考查单词填空.The pair of jeans一条牛仔裤,看做单数,be 用is.故填is.五、句型转换.(10分)22.(2分)Sarah often reads books in the morning.(改为疑问句)Does Sarah often read books in the morning?【解答】考查一般疑问句."often"表示"经常",句子时态是一般现在时,主语"Sarah"第三人称单数,动词用三单形式,一般疑问句用助动词"Does"开头,后面跟动词原形"read",句末用问号.故答案为:Does Sarah read books in the morning?23.(2分)Sometimes I go to the cinema with Nick on Saturday.(就划线部分提问)When do you sometimes go to the cinema with Nick ?【解答】考查就划线部分提问.句中划线部分是on Saturdy在周六,用疑问词when提问.陈述语序变疑问语序;人称代词有第一人称I变为第二人称you.故答案为:When do you sometimes go to the cinema with Nick ?提问时最好把sometimes去掉.24.(2分)That is a sheep over there.(改为复数形式)Those are sheep over there.【解答】考查复数句子.That那.复数Those那些.is复数are.注意:只有There is a…变复数时要把a变some.sheep绵羊.复数还是sheep.over there在那边,地点状语.故答案为:Those are sheep over there.25.(2分)What does Kate do?(同义句改写)What is Kate?【解答】考查同义句转换.句意是:Kate做什么工作的?转换后的句子,也是Kate做什么工作的.当询问一个人的职业时,可以用What does sb.do?和What is sb.?故填:What is.26.(2分)You can't play football on the street.(祈使句)Don't play football on the street!【解答】考查祈使句.原句是否定句.否定祈使句通常用Don't开头.后跟动词原形play.play football 踢足球.on the street在街上.注意祈使句一般用感叹号.故答案为:Don't play football on the street!六、下面的句子有一处错误,请在错误处划线,并在横线上改正.(5分)27.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Would you like anything to eat?anything→somethingA B C D【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据Would you like是个委婉句式,希望得到肯定回答,因此将anything 改为something.故答案为:anything→something.28.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正He is sitting behind I !I→meA B C D【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据behind是介词,后面加宾语me,而不是主格I.故答案为:I→me.29.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正The socks in the school is Kate's.is→areA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据主语是复数The socks,根据主谓一致原则,谓语is改为are..故答案为:is→are.30.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Is it he bag?he→hisA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据名词bag前应用物主代词his ,B错了,把he改为his.故答案为:he→his.31.(1分)找出句子中的错误并改正Who's jackets are these?Who's→WhoseA B C【解答】本题考查句子改错.根据jackets是名词,Who's改为Whose,做jackets的定语.故答案为:Who's→Whose.九、完形填空.(10分)32.(10分)Xiao Ling is a middle school student.She likes English and she is good C it.She often A her parents about her English study.Now she is talking B her father about her English study again.Xiao Ling says,"Look,Dad,this is our new English book.There are a lot of interesting C in it."Mmm,not bad.Do you speak only English in class,D does your teacher explain (解释)everything to you in Chinese?""Oh,our teacher speaks to C only in English.Sometimes it's not easy for us A her,but she says listening and speaking help B."I think she's right.Does she speak English very slowly?" "Not A.Sometimes we don't understand her.Then she has to say it again.""It's interesting to study English,isn't it?" "Yes.And I'm going to work B at it in the new school year." "That's good.I'm sure you'll study better."( 1 )A.in B.with C.at D.about( 2 )A.tells B.speaks C.says D.talks( 3 )A.for B.with C.about D.on( 4 )A.story B.a story C.stories D.storys( 5 )A.and B.but C.how D.or( 6 )A.we B.our C.us D.ours(7 )A.to understand B.Understand C.understanding D.understand(8 )A.many B.a lot C. a lot of D.too many(9 )A.always B.sometimes C.good D.speak(10 )A.hard B.harder C.the harder D.hardest【解答】(1)C.考查固定短语搭配.be good at 擅长….句中表示,她擅长英语.故选:C.(2)A.考查固定短语搭配.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事….句中表示,她告诉父母关于她的英语学习情况.故选:A.(3)B.考查固定短语搭配.talk with sb about sth 和某人谈论某事….句中表示,她正在和父亲谈论英语学习.故选:B.(4)C.考查名词的复数形式.a lot of可用来修饰可数名词复数形式;story是以辅音字母+y结尾,变复数时把y变成i+es.故选:C.(5)D.考查连词.由文章可知,此处是"只讲英语"和"讲汉语"两者之间进行选择;or意为"还是……",表示选择,故选:D.(6)C.考查代词.由题可知,此处所缺的词作介词to的宾语,speak to sb 对…说,所以要用代词的宾格形式,we的宾格是us.故选:C.(7)A.考查动词不定式.句型It's easy for sb to do sth译为:做某事对某人而言很容易.句型中,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式部分,用to understand.故选:A.(8)B.考查副词.help是实意动词,修饰动词用副词.a lot "很,非常",副词,符合句意,放于末尾.A/C/D均不能置于句末.故选:B.(9)A.考查频度副词及部分否定句.当含有全体意义的代词或副词,如:all,every,always等用于否定结构时,不是表示全部否定,而只是表示其中一部分被否定.此题中表示老师在课堂上并非总是说英语很慢,言外之意就是有时慢有时快.故选:A.(10)B.考查副词比较级.由题可知作者要拿之后的学习和之前的作比较,因此要用比较级,而且比较级前面不需要加the,最高级前面才加.work harder:更努力地学习.故选:B.八、阅读理解.(10分)33.(5分)阅读理解.The Road family often does housework together at the weekends.Pam often cleans bedrooms.Her father buys groceries (食品杂货)for the next week.Her mum washes the clothes.John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden.The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.In the park,they can play basketball and football.They alwayshave a good time there.It is happy when a family works and plays together.1.How many people are there in the Road family?CA.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2.The Road family likes to D.A.go on a picnic B.go shopping C.have a rest D.go to the park3.When the family work together,they feel B.A.Tired B.Happy C.Angry D.sad4.D cuts the grass in the garden.A.Father B.Mother C.Pam D.John5.A good title (标题)for the passage is C.A.A family works and plays together B.Cleaning the roomsC.A happy family D.Pam and her parents.【解答】1.C.细节理解题.根据文中Pam,father,mothey,John可知罗德一家有4个人,故为C.2.D.细节理解题.根据文中The Roads often ride a bike to the park nearby.可知罗德一家喜欢去公园.故为D.3.B.细节理解题.根据文中It is happy when a family works and plays together.可知当一个家庭在一起工作和玩,他们感到快乐.故为B.4.D.细节理解题.根据文中John,Pam's brother,helps to cut grass in their garden可知约翰帮忙在他们的花园割草,故为D.5.C.细节理解题.根据文意,可知描述的是罗德一家快乐地生活,"A happy family"符合文意,故为C.34.(5分)阅读理解Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper.There is a big black dot in the middle of the white paper.Miss Green put up this piece of paper and asked,"What can you see,children?" All the children looked at the black dot."A black dot." they answered quickly."But can't you see this piece of paper?The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life.If we only see the black dot,how can we be happy?" Miss Green said.The classroom was very quiet.Miss Green took out another piece of paper.It was a piece of black paper with white dot in the middle."What can you see,kids?" she asked the children,"A White dot." The children answered loudly.Miss Green smiled,"My children,although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like theclouds in the sky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon.You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."( 1 )What is the relationship between Miss Green and the children?BA.Mother and children B.Teacher and studentsC.Doctor and patients D.Boss and workers( 2 )What does the "black dot " stand for(代表)?CA.The lucky things in our life B.The sunshine in our lifeC.The unlucky things in our life D.The clouds in our life( 3 )What does the word "positive" mean in Chinese?BA.善良的B.积极的,乐观的C.美好的D.聪明的( 4 )Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?DA.Miss Green likes white.B.If we can only see the black dot,we can be happy.C.No one likes clouds in the sky.D.Miss Green wants the kids to be positive in their life( 5 )What does this article want to tell us?DA.We should see the white dot on the black paper.B.Everyone is unlucky sometimes.C.We should not like clouds.D.You should find the hope of live when you are in trouble【解答】考查细节理解.(1)B.根据文中关键句"Miss Green came into the classroom with a piece of paper."可知格林小姐拿着一张纸走进了教室,格林小姐和孩子们应该是师生关系,故选:B.(2)C.根据文中关键句"The black dot is like the unlucky things in our life."可知黑点就像我们生活中不幸的事情,故选:C.(3)B.根据文中关键句" You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."可推测"positive"就像黑纸上的白点是"正面的,乐观的",所以推测"positive"意为"积极的,乐观的",故选:B.(4)D.根据文中关键句"You can be a positive child with the sun in your eyes and feel happy all the time."可知格林小姐希望孩子们能在生活中做一个积极向上的人,故选:D.(5)D.根据文中关键句" although we may be unhappy or worried in our life,it is just like the clouds in thesky.The clouds can leave quickly and the sun can come out soon."可知我们会有办法能解决生活中遇到的困难,所以面对生活困境要心怀希望,故选:D.七、根据上下文完成下列短文.(10分)35.(10分)根据上下文完成下列短文Today is the last school day.It is S aturday tomorrow.My parents and I are g oing to the park.In the park,t here is a r iver.I want to s wim there because it is very h ot in summer.Swimming c an make me cool.But you know I am not g ood at swimming.My father will teach me h ow to swim.I think I w ill have a good time there.【解答】1.Saturday.考查专有名词.根据"Today is the last school day."可知,今天应该是周五,明天应该是周六,表示"星期"的英语首字母要大写,"周六"为Saturday.故答案为:Saturday.2.going.考查动词.根据上下文可知,明天是周六,所以我们打算去公园."be going to"表示"打算",为表示一般将来时的固定结构.故答案为:going.3.there.考查there be句型.根据"In the park"可知,地点为"在公园里",句意应为"在公园里,有…",表示"哪里有什么"用there be句型.故答案为:there.4.river.考查名词.根据下文可知,夏天天气热,所以作者想游泳.游泳要有一条河,所以在公园里应该有一条河."河"的英语为river.故答案为:river.5.swim.考查动词.根据上下文可知,前面提到公园里有一条河,后面want to表示"想要",空格处缺少动词原形,在河里的动作应该为"游泳".故答案为:swim.6.hot.考查形容词.根据"in summer"可知,时间为"在夏天",because表示原因,空格前very修饰空格处,空格处应为形容词.夏天应该用"热"hot来形容.故答案为:hot.7.can.考查情态动词.根据"Swimming"及"make me cool"可知,游泳使我凉爽.本句中已经出现行为动词make,所以空格处缺少情态动词can.故答案为:can.8.good.考查形容词.根据"But"可知,本句表示与前面句意的转折,表示"虽然我想游泳,但是我不擅长游泳."be good at为固定搭配,为"擅长于…".故答案为:good.9.how.考查疑问副词.根据前文可知,作者不擅长与游泳,"My father will teach me"可知,我的爸爸将会教我如何游泳,"teach me"与"to swim"之间缺少副词how,表示"如何".故答案为:how.10.will.考查情态动词.根据前文可知,前面的事情还没有发生,为作者的想象,所以"I think"表示他对未来的想象,后面"have a good time there"表示"在那玩得很开心",表示将来,故用will表示"将来".故答案为:will.十、书面表达.(5分)36.(5分)写作.你即将成为一名中学生,在中学校园里,你会接触到新的同学和新的老师,现请你对自己的情况做一下自我介绍.内容包括以下几点.(1)你的性别,年龄.(2)你的爱好.(3)你喜欢哪些学科./你为何喜欢这些学科?(4)你父母的职业.等等.不少于六句话.【解答】Hello.My name is Amy.I am a girl from Shanghai.I am 13 years old this year.I like singing and dancing,and I like traveling too.I like English class because I can learn more about western culture.My father is a scientist.My mother is a teacher and I love my family.大家好,我叫艾米.我是一名上海女孩.我今年13岁了.我喜欢唱歌和跳舞,我也喜欢旅游.我喜欢英语课,因为我可以了解更多的西方文化.我的爸爸是一名科学家.我的妈妈是一名老师,我爱我的家人.。
2018年河北省石家庄市师大附中小升初英语试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市师大附中小升初英语试卷一、单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)1.(1分)Mary is a girl.favourite colour is pink.()A.She B.Her C.He D.His2.(1分)I a teacher.My name Lucy.()A.is,am B.am,is C.am,am D.is,is3.(1分)﹣﹣Would you like tea?﹣﹣No,thanks.I'd like water.()A.some,any B.any,any C.any,some D.some,some4.(1分)I have coat.coat is blue.()A.a,The B.the,A C.a,A D.the,The5.(1分)They computer games last night.()A.Play B.Played C.will play D.are playing6.(1分)﹣﹣is your father?﹣﹣He is a worker.()A.How B.When C.Where D.What7.(1分)﹣﹣Can I borrow your eraser?﹣﹣.()A.Thank you.B.Sure.Here you are.C.Have fun.D.You're welcome.8.(1分)﹣﹣Danny likes donuts very much.()A.eat B.not eat C.eating D.eats9.(1分)﹣﹣are you going?﹣﹣To the teacher's office.()A.Where B.Which C.What D.When10.(1分)﹣﹣What would you like .﹣﹣A glass of water,please.()A.drink B.to drink C.eat D.to eat二、完形填空(每小题10分,共10分)11.(10分)The weekend comes again.Millie is (1)with her mother.She would like her mother to buy a new(2)for her.In a clothes shop,she finds an orange one.She tries it on,but it is too(3).She wants a bigger one.However(然而),the bigger one is not (4)Millie doesn't like other colours.Her mothersays,"Let's go to another shop to have a (5)."Then they go out of the shop and into the next one.This shop is very big and there are many kinds(6)sweaters,Millie likes an orange one and asks,"How (7)is it?""500 yuan."answers the shopkeeper.They (8)it is too expensive(贵的)and they don't have so much(9)with them."Would you like a cheaper one?"The shopkeeper asks,Millie's mother answers,"No,I will take it tomorrow(10)my daughter likes it."(1)A.dancing B.studying C.playing D.shopping(2)A.T﹣shirt B.blouse C.skirt D.sweater(3)A.big B.small C.cheap D.expensive(4)A.orange B.white C.yellow D.black(5)A.swim B.drink C.look D.walk(6)A.on B.of C.in D.for(7)A.many B.old C.much D.long(8)A.talk B.say C.speak D.tell(9)A.paper B.food C.money D.time(10)A.because B.so C.if D.but三、阅读理解(每小题10分,共10分)12.(10分)Jack has a happy family.There are some rules(规则)in his family.Keep healthyBeing healthy is important.Jack's family play sports for one hour every day.Jack is in the School Swimming Club.And his parents run every morning.Evening time is family timeThey can't watch TV or play computer games after dinner.The family usually sit on the sofa and talk.Jack always talks about his school and friends.Always say"I love you"and"Thank you"Jack says"I love you"to his parents in the morning before he goes to school,and in the evening before he goes to bed.His parents say it to him,too.When Jack helps his mother,she says"Thank you".They show their love and thanks all the time(一直).(1)What club is Jack in?A.The Swimming Club B.The Running ClubC.The Tennis Club D.The Soccer Club(2)Jack usually after dinner.A.plays computer games B.talks with his parentsC.takes a walk with his parents D.watch TV(3)When does Jack say"I love you"to his parents?A.before he gets up B.at breakfastC.in the afternoon D.before he goes to school and bed(4)What can we know from the passage(文章)?A.Jack has many good friends B.Jack's father doesn't exercise every dayC.They show their love and thanks all the time D.Jack can't watch TV at home in the afternoon(5)The passage mainly(主要地)talks about.A.exercise and being healthy B.how to talk with your parentsC.some rules in a happy family D.showing love to the friends四、根据短文内容补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空(每小题5分,共5分)13.(5分)根据短文内容补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空I have a pen friend.(1)(he)name is Mike.He (2)(live)in Canada.He speaksEnglish.There are only three people in his family.His parents are both (3)(teacher).They work in the (4)s.They like China.Mike and his parents all want to (5)(come)to China very much.五、句型转换(每空1分,共10分)14.(2分)Bob does his homework at school every day.(改为否定句)Bob his homework at school every day.15.(2分)Her mouth is small.(改为同义句)a small mouth.16.(2分)The children are dancing in the classroom.(对划线部分提问)are the children in the classroom?17.(4分)Jenny has five green markers.(对划线部分提问)Green markers Jenny?六、连词成句(每小题1分,共5分)18.(1分)coat,how,red,the,about(连词成句)?19.(1分)fun,friends,I,have,my,often,with(连词成句).20.(1分)birthday,fifth,is,brother's,today,my(连词成句).21.(1分)something,China,want,I,to,about,know(连词成句).22.(1分)football,in,children,the,playing,park,are,the(连词成句).2018年河北省石家庄市师大附中小升初英语试卷(C卷)参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择(每小题1分,共10分)1.(1分)Mary is a girl.favourite colour is pink.()A.She B.Her C.He D.His【解答】考查形容词.从Mary is a girl判断是个女孩,根据colour可知,修饰名词用形容词性物主代词her她的.故选:B.2.(1分)I a teacher.My name Lucy.()A.is,am B.am,is C.am,am D.is,is【解答】考查系动词.由题,第一空主语为I,气候be动词应为am;第二空主语为单数名词my name,主语应用is.故选:B.3.(1分)﹣﹣Would you like tea?﹣﹣No,thanks.I'd like water.()A.some,any B.any,any C.any,some D.some,some【解答】本题考查形容词词义辨析.some一些,用于肯定句或委婉的建议或请求;any 一些、任何,用于否定句或疑问句中;题目中Would you like……?你想……吗?表示委婉的建议,答语中I'd like……我想要些……属于肯定句.所以A、B、C选项不符合题意,故选:D.4.(1分)I have coat.coat is blue.()A.a,The B.the,A C.a,A D.the,The【解答】考查冠词.a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词.an修饰以元音音素开头的单词.the表示特指.第一个空,泛指一件外套.coat是以辅音音素/k/开头的,用a修饰.第二个空,特指这件外套,用定冠词The.故选:A.5.(1分)They computer games last night.()A.play B.playedC.will play D.are playing【解答】本题考查一般过去时,由句中的时间状语last night(昨晚)可知,玩游戏发生在过去,所以句中动词需要变为过去式的形式.A选项为动词原形;B选项为动词过去式;C选项为动词在一般将来时中的用法;D选项为动词在现在进行时态中的用法.故选:B.6.(1分)﹣﹣is your father?﹣﹣He is a worker.()A.How B.When C.Where D.What【解答】考查疑问词的辨析.从答句知问句问的是职业.句子结构:What is+某人?表示问某人的职业.What is your father?你的爸爸是做什么的?故选:D.7.(1分)﹣﹣Can I borrow your eraser?﹣﹣.()A.Thank you.B.Sure.Here you are.C.Have fun.D.You're welcome.【解答】考查情景交际.A.Thank you.谢谢你.B.Sure.Here you are.当然.给你.C.Have fun..玩得开心.D.You're welcome.不用客气.当别人问你借橡皮是时,你可以说:Sure.Here you are.故选:B.8.(1分)﹣﹣Danny likes donuts very much.()A.eat B.not eat C.eating D.eats【解答】考查动名词.由题,"like+名词/动名词"表示"喜欢…/做…",eating为动名词形式.而eat为动词原形,not eat为否定词+动词原形,eats为动词的三单形式,均不合题意.故选:C.9.(1分)﹣﹣are you going?﹣﹣To the teacher's office.()A.Where B.Which C.What D.When【解答】考查疑问词的辨析.答句to the teachers' office,意思是"去办公室",可知问句问的是去哪里,疑问词Where,在哪里,对地点提问.A.Where,符合题意.B.Which,哪一个.C.What,什么.D.When,什么时候.故选:A.10.(1分)﹣﹣What would you like .﹣﹣A glass of water,please.()A.drink B.to drink C.eat D.to eat【解答】考查动词不定式.A.drink喝,动词原形.B.to drink不定式.C.eat吃,动词原形.D.to eat不定式.would like to do sth想要做某事.A,C不正确.根据A glass of water,please请给我一杯水.可知,应该是"喝"用不定式to drink.故选:B.二、完形填空(每小题10分,共10分)11.(10分)The weekend comes again.Millie is (1)D with her mother.She would like her mother to buy a new(2)D for her.In a clothes shop,she finds an orange one.She tries it on,but it is too(3)B.She wants a bigger one.However(然而),the bigger one is not (4)A Millie doesn't like other colours.Her mother says,"Let's go to another shop to have a (5)C."Then they go out of the shop and into the next one.This shop is very big and there are many kinds(6)B sweaters,Millie likes an orange one and asks,"How (7)C is it?""500 yuan."answers the shopkeeper.They (8)B it is tooexpensive(贵的)and they don't have so much(9)C with them."Would you like a cheaper one?"The shopkeeper asks,Millie's mother answers,"No,I will take it tomorrow(10)A my daughter likes it."(1)A.dancing B.studying C.playing D.shopping(2)A.T﹣shirt B.blouse C.skirt D.sweater(3)A.big B.small C.cheap D.expensive(4)A.orange B.white C.yellow D.black(5)A.swim B.drink C.look D.walk(6)A.on B.of C.in D.for(7)A.many B.old C.much D.long(8)A.talk B.say C.speak D.tell(9)A.paper B.food C.money D.time(10)A.because B.so C.if D.but【解答】(1)D.考查动词.A跳舞;B学习;C玩;D购物;根据下一句话推测出她想要买一件东西,可知她跟她妈妈正在购物,故选:D.(2)D.考查名词.AT恤衫;B衬衫;C裙子;D毛衣;根据后文不完全句子"This shop is very big and there are many kinds __ sweaters."可知米莉想买的是毛衣,故选:D.(3)B.考查形容词.A大的;B小的;C便宜的;D贵的;根据后文可知米莉想要一件大号的毛衣,说明试的这件毛衣太小了,故选:B.(4)A.考查形容词.A橙色的;B白色的;C黄色的;D黑色的;根据前文可知米莉找到一件橙色毛衣试穿,说明米莉喜欢的是橙色,故选A.(5)C.考查短语搭配.A游泳;B喝水;C看;D走;根据不完全句子推测出句意为"她妈妈提出去另外一家店看一看",短语搭配have a look意为看一看,故选:C.(6)B.考查介词.A在…上;B关于、属于..;C在…里;D为了;根据不完全句子推测此处意为"这个商店很大,这儿有很多各种各样的毛衣",kinds of 意为各种各样的,故选:B.(7)C.考查副词.A一些;B老的;C一些;D长的;根据后文可知米莉是在询问价格,how much 意为多少钱,故选:C.(8)B.考查动词.A交谈;B讲;C告诉;D说;根据不完全句子推测出此处意为"他们说它太贵了",talk意为交谈,speak意为讲,tell意为告诉,say意为说,故选:B.(9)C.考查形容词.A纸;B食物;C钱;D时间;根据不完全句子推测出此处意为"他们说它太贵了,他们没有那么多钱",故选:C.(10)A.考查连词.A因为;B所以;C如果;D但是;根据不完全句子推测出此处意为"我明天会来买它因为我女儿喜欢它",前后句有因果关系,故选:A.三、阅读理解(每小题10分,共10分)12.(10分)Jack has a happy family.There are some rules(规则)in his family.Keep healthyBeing healthy is important.Jack's family play sports for one hour every day.Jack is in the School Swimming Club.And his parents run every morning.Evening time is family timeThey can't watch TV or play computer games after dinner.The family usually sit on the sofa and talk.Jack always talks about his school and friends.Always say"I love you"and"Thank you"Jack says"I love you"to his parents in the morning before he goes to school,and in the evening before he goes to bed.His parents say it to him,too.When Jack helps his mother,she says"Thank you".They show their love and thanks all the time(一直).(1)What club is Jack in?AA.The Swimming Club B.The Running ClubC.The Tennis Club D.The Soccer Club(2)Jack usually B after dinner.A.plays computer games B.talks with his parentsC.takes a walk with his parents D.watch TV(3)When does Jack say"I love you"to his parents?DA.before he gets up B.at breakfastC.in the afternoon D.before he goes to school and bed(4)What can we know from the passage(文章)?CA.Jack has many good friends B.Jack's father doesn't exercise every dayC.They show their love and thanks all the time D.Jack can't watch TV at home in the afternoon(5)The passage mainly(主要地)talks about C.A.exercise and being healthy B.how to talk with your parentsC.some rules in a happy family D.showing love to the friends【解答】(1)A.细节理解题,根据文中关键句"Jack is in the School Swimming Club."可知杰克参加了学校的游泳俱乐部,故选:A.(2)B.细节理解题,根据文中关键句"Jack always talks about his school and friends."可知晚饭后杰克会和爸爸妈妈聊天,故选:B.(3)D.细节理解题,根据文中关键句" Jack says"I love you"to his parents in the morning before he goes to school,and in the evening before he goes to bed"可知杰克在早上去学校之前和晚上上床之前会对他们说"我爱你",故选:D.(4)C.细节理解题,根据文中关键句"They show their love and thanks all the time"可知杰克一家会一直表明自己的爱和感谢,故选:C.(5)C.主旨大意题,根据文中关键句"Jack has a happy family.There are some rules in his family."可知文章叙述的是一个快乐的家庭里的一些规则,故选:C.四、根据短文内容补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空(每小题5分,共5分)13.(5分)根据短文内容补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空I have a pen friend.(1)His(he)name is Mike.He (2)lives(live)in Canada.He speaksEnglish.There are only three people in his family.His parents are both (3)teachers(teacher).They work in the (4)s chool.They like China.Mike and his parents all want to (5)come(come)to China very much.【解答】考查阅读填空.(1)His.根据不完全句子可知空格处缺少形容词性物主代词,即"他的",故答案为:His.(2)lives.根据不完全句子可知该句主语是"He他"是第三人称,所以空格处应填写动词的单三形式,即"动词结尾+s",故答案为:lives.(3)teachers.根据不完全句子"His parents are both他的爸爸妈妈都"可知主语是两个人,是复数,所以teacher应加s,故答案为:teachers.(4)school.根据问中关键句"His parents are both teachers他的爸爸妈妈都是老师"可推测他们都在学校里工作,故答案为:school.(5)come.根据不完全句子" Mike and his parents all want to 马克和他的爸爸妈妈都很想"可知是一般性动作,属于一般现在时,所以空格处应该填写动词原形,故答案为:come.五、句型转换(每空1分,共10分)14.(2分)Bob does his homework at school every day.(改为否定句)Bob doesn't do his homework at school every day.【解答】本题考查肯定句转否定句.根据every day,知肯定句是一般现在时,要转为一般现在时的否定句.由于主语是Bob,是第三人称单数,否定句要在实义动词前面加doesn't;动词恢复原形do.其它部分不变.即为:Bob doesn't do his homework at school every day.故答案为:doesn't do.15.(2分)Her mouth is small.(改为同义句)She has a small mouth.【解答】考查同义句."她的嘴是小的"可以表达为"她有一张小嘴巴".主语"她"She.根据is可知,一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数he,谓语动词用第三人称单数has有.故答案为:She has.16.(2分)The children are dancing in the classroom.(对划线部分提问)What are the children doing in the classroom?【解答】考查划线部分提问."are dancing"表示"正在跳舞",句子是现在进行时,对其划线部分提问,用疑问词"what",后面跟系动词"are"引导一般疑问句.故答案为:What,doing.17.(4分)Jenny has five green markers.(对划线部分提问)How many Green markers does Jenny have?【解答】考查划线部分提问."has"表示"有",句子是一般现在时,"five"表示"五",对其划线部分提问,用疑问词"how many",后面跟可数名词复数,再跟一般疑问句,结合要求,完成题目.故答案为:How many,does,have.六、连词成句(每小题1分,共5分)18.(1分)coat,how,red,the,about(连词成句)How about the red coat?【解答】考查连词成句,问号表示疑问句式,how about表示有关,后面跟名词或者动名词形式.故答案为:How about the red coat?19.(1分)fun,friends,I,have,my,often,with(连词成句)I often have fun with my friends.【解答】考查连词成句,句号表示陈述句式,句子叙述一件事实,时态用一般现在时,主语是I,谓语动词用原形,have fun表示玩的高兴,with my friends表示和我的朋友.故答案为:I often have fun with my friends.20.(1分)birthday,fifth,is,brother's,today,my(连词成句)Today is my brother's fifth birthday..【解答】考查连词成句.句号表示陈述,主系表顺序,"is"系动词,表示"是","my brother's"表示"我弟弟的","fifth birthday"表示"第五个生日",结合要求,组织句子.故答案为:Today is my brother's fifth birthday.21.(1分)something,China,want,I,to,about,know(连词成句)I want to know something about China.【解答】考查连词成句.句号表示陈述句,主谓宾顺序,"I want to know"表示"我想要知道","something about China"表示"一些关于中国的事情",结合要求,组织句子.故答案为:I want to know something about China.22.(1分)football,in,children,the,playing,park,are,the(连词成句)The children are playing football in the park.【解答】考查连词成句.句号表示陈述句,主谓宾顺序,"the children"表示"孩子们","are playing football"表示"正在踢足球",句子是现在进行时,"in the park"表示"在公园里",结合要求,组织句子.故答案为:The children are playing football in the park.11。
2018年河北省石家庄市41中小升初语文试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市41中小升初语文试卷一、看拼音写词语。
1.(8分)看拼音写词语。
wúgūguòlǜyān hóu piāo yìhuāruǐjuàn liànbǐng bào tún bù二、选择正确答案的序号填在括号里.2.(1分)拼音有错的一项是()A.乘(chéng)虚而入B.拎(līng)着C.瘦削(xuē)D.树冠(guān)3.(1分)没有错别字的一项是()A.迫不急待B.银妆素裹C.富丽堂煌D.温文尔雅4.(1分)下列加点字义有错的一项是()A.学而不厌.(满足)B.鉴.往知来(观察)C.匪夷.所思(安全)D.同仇敌忾.(愤恨)5.(1分)下列句子中画线的词语使用不恰当的一项是()A.三十年来,社会沧桑巨变,回到阔别已久的家乡,他百感交集。
B.看着小明的大花脸,同学们都忍俊不禁。
C.整顿旅游市场是为了避免游客在参差不齐的旅游信息中上当受骗。
D.尽管这游戏已经过时,可有些年轻人却依然乐此不疲。
6.(1分)下列说法正确的是()A.福楼拜是莫泊桑的老师,他的代表作有《项链》、《包法利夫人》等。
B.《烟台的海》一文是按照春夏秋冬的顺序描写的。
C.《理想的风筝》主要写了刘老师讲“女娲造人”的故事、转写板书、追放风筝这三件事。
D.孔子是春秋战国时期的鲁国人,“因材施教”的教育理论就是他提出来的。
7.(1分)下列关于标点符号说法正确的一项是()A.蝙蝠靠喉咙发出人耳听不到的“超声波”。
句中引号的作用是特殊含义。
B.“在我们的心中,您是天使;您是大树;您是海洋”。
标点符号使用正确。
C.“10、9、8……1”,随着倒计时的结束,“神9”发射了。
句中省略号的作用是列举的省略。
D.“倘若刘老师已经不在了……不,不会的。
”句中省略号作用是语意未尽。
三、按要求完成句子。
8.(2分)根据“牺牲”的不同意思分别造句。
2018年河北省石家庄二中西小升初数学试卷(含解析)
2018年河北省石家庄二中西小升初数学试卷一、判断(每题1分)1.(1分)1平方米等于100平方厘米..(判断对错)2.(1分)单独完成一项工作,乙需要3小时,甲需要5小时,则甲乙的功效比是3:5..(判断对错)3.(1分)男生比女生多全班的5%,女生一定比男生少全班的5%..4.(1分)如图阴影部分的面积用分数表示为.(判断对错)5.(1分)圆的半径扩大5倍,周长就扩大5倍,面积扩大10倍..二、填空题(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)6.(2分)13+86×0.25+0.625×+×=.7.(2分)大小两个圆的周长之比是4:1,那么这两个圆的面积之比是.8.(2分)一列火车前3个小时行驶了360千米,然后将速度提高了10%,又行驶了2小时,那么火车一共行驶了千米.9.(2分)一个正方体的棱长由5厘米变成8厘米,表面积增加了平方厘米.10.(2分)华校给思维训练课老师发洗衣粉.如果给男老师每人3包,女老师每人4包,那么就会多出8包;如果给男老师每人4包,女老师每人5包,那么就会少7包.已知男老师比女老师多1人,那么共有多少包洗衣粉?11.(2分)梨和苹果共88个,梨0.5元一个,苹果0.7元一个.买梨的和苹果的需15元,买下全部梨和苹果需元.12.(2分)由六个正方形组成的“十字架”面积是150平方厘米,它的周长是.13.(2分)南北两仓原有同样多的大米,南仓第一天运出,第二天运出180吨;北仓第一天运出的与剩下的比是1:3,第二天运出120吨,这时两仓剩下的大米还是同样多.南北两仓原来各有大米吨.14.(2分)一项工程甲、乙合作完成了全工程的,剩下的由甲单独完成,甲一共做了天,这项工程由甲单独做需15天,如果由乙单独做,需多少天?15.(2分)一次考试,参加的学生中有得优,得良,得中,其余的得差,已知参加考试的学生不满50人,那么得差的学生有人.16.(2分)小明的2分硬币比5分硬币多13枚,5分硬币的钱数比2分硬币的钱数多25 分.那么5分硬币有枚,2分硬币有枚.17.(2分)甲数是36,甲乙两数的最大公约数是4,最小公倍数是288,那么乙数是.18.(2分)一名学生在计算一道除数是两位数的没有余数的除法时,错把被除数百位上的3看成了8,结果得商383,余17,这商比正确的商大21,那么这道题的除数是.19.(2分)已知一列数:5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,…由此可推出第2010个数是.20.(2分)如图,长方形被两条直线分成四个小长方形,其中三个的面积分别为12平方厘米,8平方厘米,20平方厘米,则另一个(阴影部分)长方形的面积是平方厘米.三、解答题(共3小题,满分15分)21.(6分)甲,乙,丙三位同学都将自己的压岁钱存进了银行,已知乙的存款数比甲的2倍少了100元,丙的存款数比甲,乙两人的存款和少了300元,甲的存款是丙的,那么甲,乙,丙各有存款多少元?22.(9分)画一个长3厘米,宽2厘米的长方形.(1)在长方形中画一条线段,把它分成一个最大的等腰直角三角形和一个梯形.(2)求出这个梯形的面积.23.①计算图1阴影部分的周长.(π≈3)②两个正方形相拼,求图2阴影部分的面积.四、综合应用.24.(4分)某公园对团体游园购买门票的规定如下表:今有甲、乙两个旅游团,若分别购票,两团总计应付门票费1142元.如合在一起作为一个团体购票,总计只应付门票费864元.问:这两个旅游团各有多少人?2013年河北省石家庄二中小升初数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、判断(每题1分)1.(1分)1平方米等于100平方厘米.×.(判断对错)【分析】根据平方米、平方分米、平方厘米之间的进率1平方米=100平方分米=10000平方厘米.【解答】解:1平方米=10000平方厘米.故答案为:×.2.(1分)单独完成一项工作,乙需要3小时,甲需要5小时,则甲乙的功效比是3:5.√.(判断对错)【分析】根据工作量=工作效率×工作时间,可得工作量一定时,功效和工作时间成反比,据此解答即可.【解答】解:因为甲乙完成同一项工作用的时间的比是5:3,所以甲乙的功效比是3:5.答:甲乙的功效比是3:5.故答案为:√.3.(1分)男生比女生多全班的5%,女生一定比男生少全班的5%.√.【分析】根据“男生比女生多全班的5%”可知:全班人数相当于100份,男生比女生多的人数占其中的5份,那么女生比男生少的人数也占5份;据此判断即可.【解答】解:女生比男生少全班的百分比是:5÷100,=5%;故答案为:√.4.(1分)如图阴影部分的面积用分数表示为.√(判断对错)【分析】分数的意义为:将单位“1”平均分成若干份,表示其中这样一份或几份的数为分数.据此意义完成即可.【解答】解:把圆的面积平均分成4份,阴影部分是1份,阴影部分面积用分数表示为说法正确.故答案为:√.5.(1分)圆的半径扩大5倍,周长就扩大5倍,面积扩大10倍.错误.【分析】一个圆的半径扩大n倍,周长就扩大n倍,面积就扩大n2倍.可以举实例进行说明.【解答】解:一个圆的半径扩大5倍,周长就扩大5倍,面积就扩大52=25倍.如圆的半径是1,面积是:π×12=π,半径扩大5倍后,半径是5,则面积是:π×52=25π;所以原题说法错误.故答案为:错误.二、填空题(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)6.(2分)13+86×0.25+0.625×+×=100.【分析】此题应为13+86×0.25+0.625×+×,根据数字特点,此题运用乘法分配律进行简算.【解答】解:13+86×0.25+0.625×+×=13+86×0.25+0.625××0.125=13+86×(0.25+0.625+0.125)=13+86×1=13+86=100.故答案为:100.7.(2分)大小两个圆的周长之比是4:1,那么这两个圆的面积之比是16:1.【分析】圆的周长=2πr,所以周长之比=半径之比,由此设两个圆的半径分别为4r,r,根据圆的面积公式即可推理解答.【解答】解:周长之比=半径之比,设两个圆的半径分别为4r,r,则大圆的面积为:π(4r)2=16πr2,小圆的面积为:πr2,则大圆与小圆的面积之比是:16πr2:πr2=16:1,故答案为:16:1.8.(2分)一列火车前3个小时行驶了360千米,然后将速度提高了10%,又行驶了2小时,那么火车一共行驶了624千米.【分析】把原来的速度看做单位“1”,则现在的速度就是原来的(1+10%)110%,原来的速度可求出,即(360÷3)120千米.因此,现在的速度可以求出,后来2小时行驶的路程也可以求出.最后把前、后行驶的路程相加即可.【解答】解:360+(360÷3)×(1+10%)×2,=624(千米).答:火车一共行了624千米.故答案为:624.9.(2分)一个正方体的棱长由5厘米变成8厘米,表面积增加了234平方厘米.【分析】根据正方体的表面积公式分别求出棱长为8厘米和5厘米的正方体的表面积,相减即可求解.【解答】解:8×8×6﹣5×5×6=234(平方厘米);答:表面积增加了234平方厘米.故答案为:234.10.(2分)华校给思维训练课老师发洗衣粉.如果给男老师每人3包,女老师每人4包,那么就会多出8包;如果给男老师每人4包,女老师每人5包,那么就会少7包.已知男老师比女老师多1人,那么共有多少包洗衣粉?【分析】“男老师每人3包,女老师每人4包”到“男老师每人4包,女老师每人5包”每位老师增加1包,共用去了8+7=15包,说明有15位老师,其中男老师8位,女老师7位.要求共有多少包洗衣粉,列式为3×8+4×7+8,计算即可.【解答】解:老师人数:8+7=15(人),其中男老师8位,女老师7位.共有洗衣粉:3×8+4×7+8,=60(包).答:共有60包洗衣粉.11.(2分)梨和苹果共88个,梨0.5元一个,苹果0.7元一个.买梨的和苹果的需15元,买下全部梨和苹果需52元.【分析】可设买梨x个,则买苹果(88﹣x)个,根据买梨的和苹果的需15元,可列出方程求得梨和苹果的个数,再根据单价×数量=总价,分别求出梨和苹果的钱数,即可求出买下全部梨和苹果的钱数.【解答】解:设买梨x个,则买苹果(88﹣x)个,则:0.5×x+0.7×(88﹣x)=15,x=48;88﹣x=88﹣48=40,0.5×48+0.7×40,=52(元).答:买下全部梨和苹果需52元.故答案为:52.12.(2分)由六个正方形组成的“十字架”面积是150平方厘米,它的周长是70厘米.【分析】因为十字架的面积是150平方厘米,所以每个小正方形的面积是150÷6=25平方厘米,根据完全平方数的性质可知,每个小正方形的边长是5厘米,观察图形可知,这个十字架的周长就是14个正方形的边长之和,由此即可解决问题.【解答】解:每个小正方形的面积是:150÷6=25(平方厘米),因为5×5=25,所以每个小正方形的边长是5厘米,14×5=70(厘米),答:这个十字架的周长是70厘米.故答案为:70厘米.13.(2分)南北两仓原有同样多的大米,南仓第一天运出,第二天运出180吨;北仓第一天运出的与剩下的比是1:3,第二天运出120吨,这时两仓剩下的大米还是同样多.南北两仓原来各有大米1200吨.【分析】北仓第一天运出的与剩下的比是1:3,则北仓第一天运出的量占总量的=;设原来南北两仓原各有x吨,根据“两仓剩下的大米还是同样多”列方程为:x﹣x﹣180=x﹣x﹣120,根据等式的性质解除x即可.【解答】解:北仓第一天运出的与剩下的比是1:3,则北仓第一天运出的量占总量的=;设原来南北两仓原各有x吨,根据题意得:x﹣x﹣180=x﹣x﹣120 x=1200答:南北两仓原来各有大米1200吨.故答案为:1200.14.(2分)一项工程甲、乙合作完成了全工程的,剩下的由甲单独完成,甲一共做了天,这项工程由甲单独做需15天,如果由乙单独做,需多少天?【分析】把这项工程的工作总量看成单位“1”,甲的工作效率是,先求出甲独自完成的部分是工作总量的几分之几,用这部分工作量除以甲的工作效率求出这部分工作量甲需要的时间,继而求出合作时用的时间;再用合作时甲的工作效率乘甲的工作时间,求出甲在合作中完成的工作量,进而求出合作中乙完成的工作量,用乙完成的工作量除以乙的工作时间就是乙的工作效率,进而求出乙独做需要的时间.【解答】解:(1﹣),=4(天);10﹣4=6(天);﹣×6,=;1÷(÷6),=20(天);答:如果由乙单独做,需20天.15.(2分)一次考试,参加的学生中有得优,得良,得中,其余的得差,已知参加考试的学生不满50人,那么得差的学生有1人.【分析】根据“参加的学生中有得优,得良,得中”,因为人数必须是整数,所以确定参加考试的学生人数一定得是7、3和2的倍数,再根据“参加考试的学生不满50人”,可确定这三个数的最小公倍数42符合题意,再求出得差人数占的分率,进而求出得差的具体人数即可.【解答】解:因为7、3和2的最小公倍数是42,所以参加考试的学生人数是42,得差的学生人数:42×(1﹣﹣﹣),=1(人);答:得差的学生有1人.16.(2分)小明的2分硬币比5分硬币多13枚,5分硬币的钱数比2分硬币的钱数多25 分.那么5分硬币有17枚,2分硬币有30枚.【分析】此题有方程解,设5分的硬币有x个,由“小明的2分硬币比5分硬币多13枚”可表示出小明的2分硬币有(13+x)个,又因为“5分硬币的钱数比2分硬币的钱数多25 分”可得等量关系式是:5分硬币的个数×5分﹣2分硬币的个数×2分=25分,列方程求解.【解答】解:设5分的硬币有x个,则2分硬币有(13+x)个,由题意列方程得5x﹣2×(13+x)=25,x=17,把x=17代入13+x,=13+17,=30,答:5分的硬币有17个,2分硬币有30个.故答案为:17、30.17.(2分)甲数是36,甲乙两数的最大公约数是4,最小公倍数是288,那么乙数是32.【分析】因为:两数的最小公倍数×最大公约数=两个数的乘积,所以乙=288×4÷36;进而解答即可.【解答】解:因为:两数的积等于两数的最小公倍数乘以最大公约数.所以乙数为:288×4÷36,=32;答:乙数是32.故答案为:32.18.(2分)一名学生在计算一道除数是两位数的没有余数的除法时,错把被除数百位上的3看成了8,结果得商383,余17,这商比正确的商大21,那么这道题的除数是23.【分析】错把被除数百位上的3看成了8意思就是看错的数字比原来的数多了500,结果导致商多了21还有余下17,并且原来没有余数,由此可得:多出来的被除数部分÷除数=多出来的商的部分…余数,500÷除数=21…17,可以算出除数是23,正确的商是383﹣21=362,没有余数,就可以算得被除数是362×23=8326.【解答】解:由于错把被除数百位上的3看成了8,则被除数比原来多出(8﹣3)×100=500;结果得商383,余17,这商比正确的商大21,由于多出来的被除数部分÷除数=多出来的商的部分…余数,则500÷除数=21…17,所以除数为:(500﹣17)÷21=23,由于正确的商是383﹣21=362,没有余数,所以被除数是362×23=8326.故答案为:23.19.(2分)已知一列数:5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,3,7,1,2,5,4,…由此可推出第2010个数是2.【分析】把连续的“5,4,3,7,1,2”看成一组,这组数中有6个数,求出2010里面有几个这样的一组,还余几,再根据余数推算.【解答】解:2010÷6=335;没有余数,所以第2010个数和每组数的第6个数相同,是2.故答案为:2.20.(2分)如图,长方形被两条直线分成四个小长方形,其中三个的面积分别为12平方厘米,8平方厘米,20平方厘米,则另一个(阴影部分)长方形的面积是30平方厘米.【分析】根据长方形的长一定时,它面积的比相等,可知上面两个长方形面积的比等于下面两个长方形面积的比,据此可列出比例进行解答.【解答】解:设阴影部分的面积是x平方厘米8:12=20:x x=30答:长方形的面积是30平方厘米.三、解答题(共3小题,满分15分)21.(6分)甲,乙,丙三位同学都将自己的压岁钱存进了银行,已知乙的存款数比甲的2倍少了100元,丙的存款数比甲,乙两人的存款和少了300元,甲的存款是丙的,那么甲,乙,丙各有存款多少元?【分析】设甲存款x元,那么乙就存了2x﹣100元,丙就存了x+2x﹣100﹣300=3x﹣400元,再依据甲的存款数=丙的存款数×,可列方程为:x=(3x﹣400)×,依据等式的性质求出甲的存款数即可解答.【解答】解:设甲存款x元x=(x+2x﹣100﹣300)×x=(3x﹣400)×x=x﹣160x+160=x﹣160+160x+160﹣x=x﹣x160÷=x÷x=8002×800﹣100=1500(元)800÷=2000(元)答:甲存了800元,乙存了1500元,丙存了2000元.22.(9分)画一个长3厘米,宽2厘米的长方形.(1)在长方形中画一条线段,把它分成一个最大的等腰直角三角形和一个梯形.(2)求出这个梯形的面积.【分析】(1)画一个长3厘米,宽2厘米的长方形,再这个长方形中画一条线段,把这个长方形分成一个最大的等腰直角三角形和一个梯形,这个等腰直角三角形的直角边的长度与长方形的宽相等即2厘米,那么梯形的上底就是3﹣2=1厘米.(2)根据梯形的面积公式,s=(a+b)h,列式解答.【解答】解:(1)作图如下:(2)(3﹣2+3)×2=4×2=4(平方厘米);答:这个梯形的面积是4平方厘米.23.①计算图1阴影部分的周长.(π≈3)②两个正方形相拼,求图2阴影部分的面积.【分析】(1)这个组合图形是由一个扇形和一个半圆叠加而成的,阴影部分周长=圆周长的一半+以9厘米为半径,圆心角为45°的弧的长度+9厘米线段长度,利用弧长公式:弧长=2πr×圆心角度数÷360,把数代入即可就出阴影部分周长:3×9÷2+3×2×9×45÷360+9=29.25(厘米).(2)阴影部分为两个正方形(边长是6厘米的和边长是12厘米的两个正方形)面积减掉三个小三角形(底6厘米高、6厘米的一个三角形;底12厘米、高(12﹣6)=6(厘米)的三角形;底12厘米、高12+6=18(厘米)的三角形)的面积,把数代入计算得:6×6+12×12﹣6×6÷2﹣12×(12﹣6)÷2﹣12×(12+6)÷2=18(平方厘米).【解答】解:(1)3×92×45÷360﹣9×9÷2÷2=10.125(平方厘米)答:阴影部分的面积为10.125平方厘米.(2)6×6+12×12﹣6×6÷2﹣12×(12﹣6)÷2﹣(12+6)×12÷2=36+144﹣18﹣36﹣108=18(平方厘米)答:阴影部分面积为18平方厘米.四、综合应用.24.(4分)某公园对团体游园购买门票的规定如下表:今有甲、乙两个旅游团,若分别购票,两团总计应付门票费1142元.如合在一起作为一个团体购票,总计只应付门票费864元.问:这两个旅游团各有多少人?【分析】根据两个团合在一起作为一个团体购票,总计只应付门票费864元.这样就可以求此两个团一共有多少人,用864÷8=108人,设甲团有x人,则乙团有(108﹣x)人,已知分别购票,两团总计应付门票费1142元,由此列方程解答.【解答】解:两个团的总人数;864÷8=108(人),设甲团有x人,则乙团有(108﹣x)人,12x+(108﹣x)×10=1142,12x+1080﹣10x=1142,2x+1080=1142,2x+1080﹣1080=1142﹣1080,2x=62,2x÷2=62÷2,x=31;108﹣31=77(人);答:甲旅游团有31人,乙旅游团有77人.11。
2018年河北省石家庄市师大附中小升初语文试卷(含解析)完美打印版
2018年河北省石家庄市师大附中小升初语文试卷一、填空题(25分)1.(6分)看拼音写汉字。
成xiào yù备xìng福抽tìxiá子zhuǎn化2.(4分)下列每组词语中都有一个带点字的读音是错误的,把它前面的大写字母写在括号里。
(1)A.解.救jiěB.喧哗.huàC.强.调qiáng D.书籍.jí(2)A.规模.móB.揉皱.zhòu C.刻薄.báo D.载.人zài(3)A.漩.xuàn涡B.诞.生dàn C.撇.嘴piěD.乏.力fá(4)A.难.受nán B.惨重.zhòng C.憧.憬chōng D.暂.时zhàn3.(1分)下面词语中带点字的读音和“宽敞”的“敞“读音相同的一项是()A.尝.试B.长.途C.场.所D.赔偿.4.(1分)下面词语中带点字的读音相同的一项是()A.参.加人参.B.剥削.削.弱C.冷藏.藏.族D.相.片相.同5.(4分)下列每组词语中都有一个字是错误的,把它前面的大写字母写在括号里。
(1)A.含糊B.局势C.火焰D.演译(2)A.冻僵B.欺付C.耸肩D.清晰(3)A.洗澡B.领域C.坚难D.振奋(4)A.司空见惯B.精兵简政C.别无所求D.狂风瀑雨6.(1分)“端庄”中“端”的正确解释是()A.端正B.(东西的)头C.平举着拿D.方面;项目7.(1分)下列词语中的”偶”只有一个与“无独有偶”中的“偶”意思相同,把它前面的大写字母写在括号里。
()A.偶然B.偶尔C.偶数D.偶像8.(2分)“汉字经历了甲骨文、金文、篆书、隶书、楷书等演变过程,是世界上最的文字之一。
”在这句话中横线上应填写的最恰当的词语是()A.远古B.擅长C.古老D.长久9.(2分)与“秦兵马惟妙惟肖地模拟军阵的排列,生动地再现了秦军雄兵百万战车千乘的宏伟气势。
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2018年石家庄小升初真题卷一.选择题(共7小题)1.把5件相同的礼物全部分给3个小朋友,使每个小朋友都分到礼物,分礼物的不同方法一共有()种.A.2 B.4 C.6 D.82.一个布袋里有大小相同而颜色不同的木球,其中红球10个,白球9个,蓝球2个,黄球8个.一次至少取多少个球,才能保证其中4个是同色球()A.4 B.10 C.13 D.123.某年级参加数学竞赛的女生和男生人数比是1:3,这次竞赛的平均成绩是82分,其中男生的平均成绩是80分,女生的平均成绩是()A.82分B.84分C.86分D.88分4.一个立体图形,从前面和左面看到的形状均如图所示,搭成这样的立体图形,最少需要()个小立方体.A.4 B.3 C.6 D.55.一个人登山,上山用了15分,下山时速度加快,下山用了()分.A.13 B.12 C.116.两个相同的瓶子装满酒精溶液.一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是3:1,另一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是4:1.若把两瓶酒精溶液混合,混合液中酒精与水的体积之比是()A.31:9 B.12:1 C.7:2 D.4:17.下列各式中,a和b成反比例的是(a、b均不为零)()A.a×=1 B.a×8=C.9a=6b D.二.填空题(共12小题)8.每当唐僧念一遍紧箍咒,孙悟空头上的紧箍咒就会缩短0.628厘米,此时孙悟空头上的紧箍咒内陷厘米.9.广场上的大钟6时敲6下用10秒,12时敲12下,用秒.10.一张试卷32道题,每答对一道题得6分,答错一道题扣2分.小兰32道题都答了,结果得0分.她答对了道题.11.圆柱的底面半径是2dm,侧面展开图是一个正方形,则与这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为.(结果用含π的式子表示)12.如图,平行四边形ABCD中,BC=15,AE=8,AF=12,则平行四边形ABCD的周长是.13.已知a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,a与b的最大公因数是,最小公倍数是.若最小公倍数是2310,则m等于.14.如图表示甲乙丙三个工程队单独完成某项工程所需的天数根据有关信息回答下列问题:①乙的工作效率比甲高%.②甲、丙合作天可以完成这项工程的.15.在比例尺是1:30000000的地图上,量得甲地到乙地的距离是6.5厘米,一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,两天行的路程差是千米.16.如图,正方形ABCD与正方形EFGH并放在一起,已知小正方形EFGH的边长是4,大正方形ABCD的边长是6,则小三角形AEG(阴影部分)的面积是.17.超市搞促销活动,洗衣粉每袋12元,买5袋赠1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋比平时大约便宜了%18.如图所示,把底面直径8厘米的圆柱切成若干等分,拼成一个近似的长方体.这个长方体的表面积比原来增加80平方厘米,那么长方体的体积是立方厘米.19.某种卷筒纸(中间空心)如图所示,纸的厚度是0.1mm,纸的长度是.三.计算题(共3小题)20.细心算一算(1)19.98×37﹣199.8×1.9+1998×0.82 (2)1﹣(1﹣﹙﹣÷﹚)÷(3)(1﹣x)÷3=2﹣x (4)++﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣++(5)(4+++)×(+++)﹣(4++++)×(++)21.+++….22.求阴影部分的面积(单位:厘米)四.解答题(共8小题)23.有一根自来水管,内直径是2厘米,自来水管开的时候水的流速是每秒8厘米.小明打开水龙头洗手,洗完后忘记了关水龙头,这样5分钟过去后浪费了多少升水?24.商店购进了一批钢笔,决定以每支9.5元的价格出售.第一个星期卖出了60%,这时还差84元收回全部成本.又过了一个星期后全部售出,总共获得利润372元.那么商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支多少元?25.大客车从甲地去乙地,小客车从乙地到甲地.大小客车的速度比为4:5.两车同时出发相向而行,经过60分钟相遇,相遇后两车继续前进.大客车比小客车晚多少分达到目的地?26.全家四口人,父亲比母亲大3岁,姐姐比弟弟大2岁.四年前,他们全家年龄之和是58岁,现在是73岁.问:现在各人的年龄分别是多少?27.有若干个苹果和梨子,如果5个苹果和3个梨子做成一袋的话,还余4个苹果;梨恰好装完,如果7个苹果和3个梨子装成一袋的话,则还余12个梨子,苹果恰好装完,请问苹果和梨子各多少个?28.甲乙两书架共有118本书,如果从甲书架上拿20本到乙书架上,乙书架上的书就比甲书架上的书的2倍还多10本,两书架原来各有多少本书?29.两只蜗牛由于耐不住阳光的照射,从井顶逃向井底.白天往下爬,两只蜗牛白天爬行的速度是不同的,一只每个白天爬20分米,另一只爬15分米.黑夜里往下滑,两只蜗牛滑行的速度却是相同的.结果一只蜗牛恰好用5个昼夜到达井底,另一只蜗牛恰好用6个昼夜到达井底.那么,井深多少米?30.如图所示,直角三角形三条边分别长为3、4、5.求绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积.2018年石家庄小升初真题卷一.选择题(共7小题)1.把5件相同的礼物全部分给3个小朋友,使每个小朋友都分到礼物,分礼物的不同方法一共有()种. A.2 B.4 C.6 D.8【分析】给这三个小朋友编号:甲、乙、丙,然后把可以分的方法都写出来求解.【解答】解:设这三个小朋友分别是甲、乙、丙;他们三个得到的礼物数量可能分别是:1件、1件、3件; 1件、2件、2件; 1件、3件、1件;2件、1件、2件; 2件、2件、1件; 3件、1件、1件;共有6种情况.故选:C.2.一个布袋里有大小相同而颜色不同的木球,其中红球10个,白球9个,蓝球2个,黄球8个.一次至少取多少个球,才能保证其中4个是同色球()A.4 B.10 C.13 D.12【解答】解:把红、白、黄、蓝四种颜色看做是4个抽屉,考虑最差情况:摸出11个球:蓝色的2个全部摸出,另外分别摸出了3个红球、3个白球、3个黄球,此时再任意摸出一个球,就能保证有一个抽屉出现4个球,所以11+1=12(个),答:一次至少取12个球,才能保证有4个球颜色相同.故选:D.3.某年级参加数学竞赛的女生和男生人数比是1:3,这次竞赛的平均成绩是82分,其中男生的平均成绩是80分,女生的平均成绩是()A.82分B.84分C.86分D.88分【分析】由人数比假设女生为1人,男生为3人,由平均分=总分数÷总人数,可以求出男生女生的总分数和,也可以求出男生的总分数,二者相减就是女生的总分数,再除以女生的人数就是女生的平均分.【解答】解:假设女生为1人,男生为3人,总分数:82×(1+3)=328(分),男生的总分数:80×3=240(分),女生的平均分:(328﹣240)÷1=88(分),答:女生的平均成绩是88分.故选:D..4.一个立体图形,从前面和左面看到的形状均如图所示,搭成这样的立体图形,最少需要()个小立方体.A.4 B.3 C.6 D.5【分析】因为从前面看,这个图形一共有3列,其中中间一列是2层,最少是1+2+1=4个小正方体;要使小正方体的个数最少,则把中间一列2个小正方体向后平移一行,把左边一列1个小正方体或右边一列一个小正方体向前平移一行,则即可保证从左面看到的图形是2层:下层3个正方形,上层1个靠中间,符合题意,据此即可解答问题.【解答】解:根据题干分析可得:1+2+1=4(个)答:最少需要4个.故选:A.5.一个人登山,上山用了15分,下山时速度加快,下山用了()分.A.13 B.12 C.11【分析】本题要把路程看作单位“1”.要求下山用的时间,表示出上山速度,再求出下山速度,然后根据路程÷速度=时间,即可求出答案.【解答】解:×(1+),=×,=;1=12(天);答:下山用了12分.故选:B.6.两个相同的瓶子装满酒精溶液.一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是3:1,另一个瓶中酒精与水的体积之比是4:1.若把两瓶酒精溶液混合,混合液中酒精与水的体积之比是()A.31:9 B.12:1 C.7:2 D.4:1【分析】根据题意,把两瓶酒精溶液混合后,酒精与水的体积之和没变,把两个酒精瓶的容积看作单位“1”,求出酒精和水各占酒精瓶容积的几分之几,然后再求混合液中酒精和水的体积之比是多少.【解答】解:将酒精瓶的容积看作单位“1”,则在一个瓶中,酒精占=,水占=;而在另一个瓶中,同样,酒精占=,水占=;于是在混合液中,酒精和水的体积之比是:(+):(+)=:=31:9答:混合液中酒精和水的体积之比是31:9.故选:A.7.下列各式中,a和b成反比例的是(a、b均不为零)()A.a×=1 B.a×8=C.9a=6b D.【分析】判断两个相关联的量之间成什么比例,就看这两个量是对应的比值一定,还是对应的乘积一定;如果是比值一定,就成正比例;如果是乘积一定,则成反比例.【解答】解:A、a×=1,即ab=3,是乘积一定,则a和b成反比例;B、a×8=,即=40,是比值一定,则a和b成正比例;C、9a=6a,等式是不成立的,则a和b不成比例;D、,即a+7=10b,则a和b不成比例;故选:A.二.填空题(共12小题)8.每当唐僧念一遍紧箍咒,孙悟空头上的紧箍咒就会缩短0.628厘米,此时孙悟空头上的紧箍咒内陷0.1 厘米.【分析】求内陷多少厘米,即求大圆半径和小圆半径的差;设设大圆半径为R,小圆半径为r,根据“圆的周长=2πr”分别求出大圆和小圆的周长,进而根据题意,得出:2πR﹣2πr=0.628;解答即可.【解答】解:设大圆半径为R,小圆半径为r,则2πR﹣2πr=0.628,2π(R﹣r)=0.628,R﹣r=0.628÷6.28R﹣r=0.1;答:内陷0.1厘米.9.广场上的大钟6时敲6下用10秒,12时敲12下,用22 秒.【分析】大钟6时敲6下用10秒,6下之间有5个间隔,每个间隔用时2秒;12下之间有11个间隔,用时为2×11=22(秒).【解答】解:10÷(6﹣1)×(12﹣1),=10÷5×11,=22(秒);答:12时敲12下,用22秒.故答案为:22.10.一张试卷32道题,每答对一道题得6分,答错一道题扣2分.小兰32道题都答了,结果得0分.她答对了8 道题.【分析】假设32道题全做对,则得6×32=192分,这样就少出192﹣0=192分;最错一题比做对一题少6+2=8分,也就是做错192÷8=24道题,进而得出做对题的数量.【解答】解:假设32道题全做对,答错:(6×32﹣0)÷(6+2),=192÷8,=24(道);答对:32﹣8=24(道);答:他做错了24道题,做对了8道题.11.圆柱的底面半径是2dm,侧面展开图是一个正方形,则与这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为π3.(结果用含π的式子表示)【分析】由圆柱的侧面展开图的特点可知:圆柱的侧面展开后是一个长方形,长方形的长等于圆柱的底面周长,宽就等于圆柱的高,若展开后是一个正方形,则圆柱的底面周长和高相等;再据圆柱的体积=底面积×高,即可求出这个圆柱的体积;由圆柱和圆锥的体积计算公式可知:圆锥的体积是与其等底等高的圆柱体的体积的,于是可以求出圆锥的体积.【解答】解:圆柱的高:2π×2=4π圆柱的体积:22×π×4π=16π3圆锥的体积:×16π2=π3答:这个圆柱等底等高的圆锥的体积为π3.故答案为:π3.12.如图,平行四边形ABCD中,BC=15,AE=8,AF=12,则平行四边形ABCD的周长是50 .【分析】平行四边形的对边平行且相等,首先根据平行四边形的面积公式:s=ah,已知BC=15,AE=8,据此求出平行四边形的面积,然后用面积除以高(12),求出高AF对应的底边的长度,再根据平行四边形的周长公式解答.【解答】解:CD的长:15×8÷12=120÷12=10,(15+10)×2=25×2=50.答:平行四边形ABCD的周长是50.故答案为:50.13.已知a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,a与b的最大公因数是6m ,最小公倍数是210m .若最小公倍数是2310,则m等于11 .【分析】根据求两个数最大公约数也就是这两个数的公有质因数的连乘积,最小公倍数是公有质因数与独有质因数的连乘积求解.【解答】解:因为a=2×3×5×m,b=2×3×7×m,最大公因数是:2×3×m=6m最小公倍数是:2×3×5×7×m=210m当最小公倍数是2310时,即为:210m=2310m=11故答案为:6m,210m,11.14.如图表示甲乙丙三个工程队单独完成某项工程所需的天数根据有关信息回答下列问题:①乙的工作效率比甲高25 %.②甲、丙合作 3 天可以完成这项工程的.【分析】①首先根据条形统计图分别找出甲乙完成这项工程的时间,然后根据工作效率=工作量÷工作时间,分别求出甲乙每天各完成这项工程的几分之几;然后用乙的工作效率减去甲的工作效率,再除以甲的工作效率,求出乙的工作效率比甲高百分之几即可.②首先根据条形统计图分别找出甲丙完成这项工程的时间,然后根据工作效率=工作量÷工作时间,分别求出甲丙每天各完成这项工程的几分之几,进而求出甲丙的工作效率之和;最后根据工作时间=工作量÷工作效率,求出甲、丙合作天可以完成这项工程的即可.【解答】解:①=÷=25%答:乙的工作效率比甲高25%.②==3(天)答:甲、丙合作3天可以完成这项工程的.故答案为:25、3.15.在比例尺是1:30000000的地图上,量得甲地到乙地的距离是6.5厘米,一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,两天行的路程差是1170 千米.【分析】首先根据实际距离=图上距离÷比例尺,求出甲、乙两地之间的路程,已知一辆汽车按1:4的比例分两天行完全程,第一天行的路程占全程的,第二天行的路程占全程的,两天行的路程差占全程的﹣,要求两天行的路程差是多少千米,根据一个数乘分数的意义用乘法解答即可.【解答】解:6.5÷=6.5×30000000=195000000(厘米)195000000厘米=1950千米,1950×(﹣)=1950×=1170(千米)答:两天行的路程差是1170千米.故答案为:1170.16.如图,正方形ABCD与正方形EFGH并放在一起,已知小正方形EFGH的边长是4,大正方形ABCD的边长是6,则小三角形AEG(阴影部分)的面积是8 .【分析】因为GH∥AD,所以△GHC∽△CAD,所以HC:AD=CG:DG,所以HC:6=4:(4+6),所以HC=2.4,EH=EC﹣HC=1.6;三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积=三角形AEH的面积+三角形GEH的面积.据此解答即可.【解答】解:因为GH∥AD,所以△GHC∽△GAD,所以HC:AD=CG:DG,所以HC:6=4:(4+6),所以HC=2.4,EH=EC﹣HC=1.6三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积=三角形AEH的面积+三角形GEH的面积=1.6×6÷2+1.6×4÷2=4.8+3.2=8答:三角形AEC(阴影部分)的面积是8.17.超市搞促销活动,洗衣粉每袋12元,买5袋赠1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋比平时大约便宜了16.7 %【分析】因为买5袋送1袋,妈妈买了6袋洗衣粉,也就是花了5袋的钱买了6袋洗衣粉,每袋的价格为12×5÷(5+1)=10(元),要求每袋比平时便宜多少元,用12元减去10元,再用2除以12得出每袋比平时大约便宜了百分之几即可.【解答】解:12﹣12×5÷(5+1)=12﹣60÷6=12﹣10=2(元)2÷12≈16.7%答:每袋比平时大约便宜了16.7%故答案为:16.7.18.如图所示,把底面直径8厘米的圆柱切成若干等分,拼成一个近似的长方体.这个长方体的表面积比原来增加80平方厘米,那么长方体的体积是502.4 立方厘米.【分析】将一个圆柱切开后拼成一个近似的长方体,高没变,体积没变;但拼成的长方体表面积比圆柱多了两个长方形的面积,这两个长方形的长都和圆柱的高相等,宽都和圆柱的底面半径相等;已知表面积增加了80平方厘米,就可求出圆柱的高是多少厘米,进而再求出圆柱的体积,即长方体的体积.【解答】解:底面半径:8÷2=4(厘米);圆柱的高:80÷2÷4=10(厘米);圆柱体积(长方体体积):3.14×42×10=502.4(立方厘米);答:长方体的体积是502.4立方厘米.故答案为:502.4.19.某种卷筒纸(中间空心)如图所示,纸的厚度是0.1mm,纸的长度是7536厘米.【分析】卷筒纸的侧面是一个圆环,那么卷纸展开后可以看做长方形,长就是这卷纸的总长度,宽即是纸的厚度;则这个圆环的面积,就是展开后的长方形的面积,由此即可解决问题.【解答】解:0.1毫米=0.01厘米,3.14×[﹣]÷0.01,=3.14×[25﹣1]÷0.01,=3.14×24÷0.01,=75.36÷0.01,=7536(厘米),答:这卷纸的总长度是7536厘米.故答案为:7536厘米.三.计算题(共3小题)20.细心算一算【解答】解:(1)19.98×37﹣199.8×1.9+1998×0.82=1998×0.37﹣1998×0.19+1998×0.82=1998×(0.37﹣0.19+0.82)=1998×1=1998(2)1﹣(1﹣﹙﹣÷﹚)÷=1﹣[1﹣﹙﹣﹚]÷=1﹣[1﹣]÷=1﹣÷=1﹣=(3)(1﹣x)÷3=2﹣x1﹣x=3(2﹣x)1﹣x=6﹣3x3x﹣x=6﹣12x=5x=2.5(4)++﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣++=﹣+﹣+﹣+…+﹣+﹣=﹣=(5)(4+++)×(+++)﹣(4++++)×(++)=4×(+++)+(++)×(+++)﹣4×(++)﹣(+++)×(++)=4×(+++)﹣4×(++)+(++)×(+++)﹣(+++)×(++)=4×=21.+++….【分析】把分数的每个分母根据高斯求和公式(n+1)n÷2变形,然后把每个分数根据拆项公式拆项后通过加减相互抵消即可简算.【解答】解:+++…=+++…+=(﹣+﹣+﹣+…+﹣)×2=(﹣)×2=×2﹣×2=1﹣=22.求阴影部分的面积(单位:厘米)【解答】解:6×(6÷2)÷2=3×3=9(平方厘米)答:阴影部分的面积是9平方厘米.四.解答题(共8小题)23.有一根自来水管,内直径是2厘米,自来水管开的时候水的流速是每秒8厘米.小明打开水龙头洗手,洗完后忘记了关水龙头,这样5分钟过去后浪费了7.536 升水?【分析】把流过的水看成圆柱,它的底面直径是2厘米、高是(8×5×60)厘米,再计算圆柱的体积.【解答】解:V=3.14×(2÷1)2×(8×5×60),=3.14×2400,=7536(cm3)=7.536(升);答:五分钟浪费7.536升的水.24.商店购进了一批钢笔,决定以每支9.5元的价格出售.第一个星期卖出了60%,这时还差84元收回全部成本.又过了一个星期后全部售出,总共获得利润372元.那么商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支多少元?【解答】解:这批钢笔的总数量:(372+84)÷9.5÷(1﹣60%),=456÷9.5÷0.4,=48÷0.4,=120(支);每支钢笔的购进价:9.5﹣372÷120,=9.5﹣3.1,=6.4(元);答:商店购进这批钢笔的价格是每支6.4元.25.大客车从甲地去乙地,小客车从乙地到甲地.大小客车的速度比为4:5.两车同时出发相向而行,经过60分钟相遇,相遇后两车继续前进.大客车比小客车晚多少分达到目的地?【解答】解:设大客车速度为4x千米/每小时,小客车速度为5x千米/每小时,60分钟=1小时,两地相距为(4x+5x)×1=9x千米,则大客车行驶全程用时为9x÷4x=2.25(小时),小客车行驶完全程用时为9x÷5x=1.8小时,则大客车比小客车晚到目的地时间为:2.25﹣1.8=0.45(小时)=27(分钟).答:大客车比小客车晚27分钟到达目的地.26.全家四口人,父亲比母亲大3岁,姐姐比弟弟大2岁.四年前,他们全家年龄之和是58岁,现在是73岁.问:现在各人的年龄分别是多少?【解答】解:现在全家年龄之和比四年前应该多16岁,但73﹣58=15,说明四年前弟弟没出生,所以假设弟弟今年3岁,姐姐就是3+2=5岁.设母亲的年龄为x岁,则父亲年龄为(x+3)岁.由题意得:x+(x+3)+5+3=732x+11=732x=62x=31所以父亲今年年龄是31+3=34(岁)四年前弟弟还没出生,三人的年龄和为34+31+5﹣12=58,验证结果正确.答:父亲现在的年龄是34岁,母亲现在的年龄是31岁,姐姐现在的年龄是5岁,弟弟现在的年龄是3岁.27.有若干个苹果和梨子,如果5个苹果和3个梨子做成一袋的话,还余4个苹果;梨恰好装完,如果7个苹果和3个梨子装成一袋的话,则还余12个梨子,苹果恰好装完,请问苹果和梨子各多少个?【解答】解:(12÷3)×5+4=24(只),5只苹果和3只梨装一袋,共装了24÷2+4=16(袋),所以苹果有:16×5+4=84(只),梨有16×3=48(只);答:苹果有84只,梨有48只.28.甲乙两书架共有118本书,如果从甲书架上拿20本到乙书架上,乙书架上的书就比甲书架上的书的2倍还多10本,两书架原来各有多少本书?【解答】解:甲书架:(118﹣10)÷(1+2)+20=108÷3+20=36+20=56(本)乙书架:118﹣56=62(本)答:甲书架原来有56本,乙书架原来有62本.29.两只蜗牛由于耐不住阳光的照射,从井顶逃向井底.白天往下爬,两只蜗牛白天爬行的速度是不同的,一只每个白天爬20分米,另一只爬15分米.黑夜里往下滑,两只蜗牛滑行的速度却是相同的.结果一只蜗牛恰好用5个昼夜到达井底,另一只蜗牛恰好用6个昼夜到达井底.那么,井深多少米?【解答】解:(20×5﹣15×6+20)×5,=30×5,=150(分米)=15(米).答:井深15米.30.如图所示,直角三角形三条边分别长为3、4、5.求绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积.【解答】解:斜边上高:3×4÷2×2÷5=12÷5=2.4×3.14×2.42×5=×3.14×5.76×5=30.144答:绕斜边旋转一周后所形成的物体体积是30.144.。