【复习课件】探秘中考英语猜词题

三、解题技巧
技巧（五）：推理法
推理法：根据上下文逻辑关系、情境提示或常识来 猜测词义。
三、解题技巧
探秘（六）
பைடு நூலகம்例17 If a person starts smoking as a teenager, he or she may live twenty-two years less than non-smokers. 65. What does the underlined word “non-smokers” mean in English? A. People who like smoking. B. People who smoke. C. People who don’t smoke.
4. What does the underlined word “…”mean in English?
二、命题分析
（一）考查目标
猜词题是中考英语阅读理解中常考的题型，主要考 查考生对于文章中的某个词语或词组意思的理解和 猜测。猜测词义是一项重要的阅读技能。《英语课 程标准》对阅读技能的五级要求中第一条就直指猜 词技能：“能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词 的含义。”
二、命题分析
（二）命题类型
3. 猜测某个词语的指代含义，如it, this , that, which, these, those 等，或者是一个名词在文中的具体含义。
（2007北京） If you live in the city that allows fireworks and you’re planning a do-it-yourself celebration, follow the safety advice to protect yourself and the people watching: Make sure an adult is to be with you at all times. Don’t allow little kids to play with fireworks. 51. In this article, the word “you” mean _____? A. old people B. school students C. fireworks producers D. fireworks sellers
三、解题技巧
技巧（二）：对比法
对比法：根据文中的反义词或表示对比关系的词 （词组）来猜测词义。 表示对比的词有but, yet, while, however, otherwise, although等。
三、解题技巧
探秘（三） 例8 Sometimes these trips are difficult and full of hardships; but they’re a lot of fun. 例9 Children often try to emulate, or copy the behavior that they see on television. 例10 Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task. The job is so big that the government should spend a long time saving the polluted rivers. The word “enormous” in the passage means _____. A. A very large B. very important C. quite useful D. very clean
三、解题技巧
技巧（一）：定义法
定义法：根据定义或解释来猜测词义。 有些文章作者会用解释性词语引出生词含义，如that is, mean, stand for, namely, in other words等， 有时用破折号或括号来表示，还有的是用同位语、 定语从句的形式。
三、解题技巧
探秘（二）
例5 If you agree, write “Yes”, but if you dissent, write “No”. 例6 His shirt was clean, however, his shoes were grubby. 例7 Although she is usually punctual for all her classes, today she arrived late. What does the underlined word “punctual” mean? A. late B. on time C. quick
二、命题分析
（二）命题类型
2. 猜测某个词组的意思，这个词组中可能包含了某个超纲 词汇，或者是一个熟悉单词的特殊搭配。
（2010北京） These are the steps to follow when you are reading something
difficult: Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesn’t
三、解题技巧
探秘（一）
例1 The glass is very hard but very brittle——that is, it will break easily. 例2 About 25% of England’s total consumption(消耗) of energy is domestic, in other words, it is used only in the home. What does the word “domestic” mean? A. Producing energy. B. Fast driving. C. On the road. D. For family use. 例3 The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 600 yuan a month. 例4 （2014福州）It tells the tale of the small and isolated town of Macondo which was separated from the outside world—of its founding and its troubled history over a hundred years. 58. The underlined word “isolated” means _____. A. 隔绝的 B. 安逸的 C. 喧嚣的 D. 繁华的
二、命题分析
（二）命题类型
1. 猜测某个单词的意思，这个单词有可能是超纲词汇，也 有可能是一个熟悉单词的不熟悉用法。（熟词生义）
（2011龙岩） The British and Americans may use different terms for
many things. The British usually use football, eraser and mail while Americans prefer to soccer, rubber and post. 74. What does the underlined word “terms” mean in Chinese in the passage? A. 成果 B. 术语 C. 学期 （2012三明） If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap. (代沟) 48. The underlined word “bridge” in the passage means _____. A. 建立 B. 消除 C. 到达
一、常见形式 二、命题分析 三、解题技巧
一、常见形式
1. The underlined word “…” means _____ in Chinese. 2. The underlined phrase “…” in the passage means _____. 3. What does the underlined word “…” mean in Chinese?
三、解题技巧
技巧（三）：相似法
相似法：根据同义词、近义词（词组）来猜测词义。
三、解题技巧
探秘（四）
例11 The shop sells stationery, such as pens, pencils, paper, envelops, and so on. 例12 We took the provision with us to camp, for example, there were meat, bread, milk, sugar and fruit. 例13 Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing-machine, refrigerators and color televisions.
三、解题技巧
技巧（四）：举例法
举例法：根据文中所列举的例子来猜测词义。 常用来表示举例的词或词组有：like, including, such as, for example, for instance等。
三、解题技巧
探秘（五）
例14 The policeman asked the old lady what her occupation was. She told him she worked as a teacher. The underlined word “occupation” means _____. A. job B. address C. age D. family name A 例15 Some people like to keep spiders as pets, but most people don’t like touching them. A great number of people are afraid of them, mainly because of their poison — something will cause death or harm. 72. The underlined word “poison” means _____.（2012泉州） C A. 来历 B. 外貌 C.毒性
三、解题技巧
探秘（五）
例16 In this book, she pointed out that the use of some kinds of pesticides(杀虫剂) like DDT would cause the number of birds to decline because it would kill them as well. 64. The Chinese meaning of the word “decline” is probably _____.（2014重庆） A. 增加 B. D. 翻番 B 减少 C. 维持
make sense to you. When a sentence doesn’t make sense, go back and read it again more slowly. The underlined phrase “run into” mean _____. A. work out B. come across C. look into D. pass by （2014莆田）He went out of his way for someone like me and my parents, because he had to explain to them what was wrong with me and did lots of different tests to find the medicine to cure me. 55. The underlined phrase “went out of his way” probably means _____. A. 宽以待人 B. 竭尽全力 C. 马虎应付 D. 黔驴技穷