语言学Linguistics习题含答案

Quiz for linguistics:

Chapter 1: Linguistics and Language

语言和语言学

1. Which of the following is the most important function of language?

a. Interpersonal function

b. Performative function

c. Informative function

d. Recreational function

2. ______ studies speech sounds, including the production of speech, the sounds of speech, the description and classification of speech sounds, words and connected speech, etc..

a. Phonology

b. Phonetics

c. Morphology

d. Pragmatics

3. ______ function refers to expressions that help define and maintain interpersonal relations.

a. Performative

b. Interpersonal

c. Phatic

d. Metalingual

4. ______ means the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.

a. Creativity

b. Duality

c. Arbitrariness

d. Displacement

5. By ______ it means that language can be used to refer to things which are present or not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in far-away places.

a. arbitrariness

b. duality

c. creativity

d. displacement

6. ______ distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual production of speeches.

a. Chomsky

b. Saussure

c. Gilman

d. Brown

7. ______ refers to the actual use of language in concrete situations.

a. Competence

b. Performance

c. Eloquence

d. Action

8. ______ is the study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community.

a. Psycholinguistics

b. Sociolinguistics

c. Anthropological linguistics

d. Computational linguistics

9. ______ studies the rules governing the combination of words into sentences.

a. Pragmatics

b. Semantics

c. Syntax

d. Phonetics

10. ______ is a branch of linguistics concerned in principle with the physical representation of language or linguistic processes in the brain.

a. Anthropological linguistics

b. Psychological linguistics

c. Computational linguistics

d. Neurolinguistics

11. The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication is ______ (大纲样题)

a. morphology

b. general linguistics

c. phonology

d. semantics

12. Syntax is the study of ______. (2005年真题)

a. language function

b. sentence structures

c. textual organization

d. word formation

13. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language? (2005年真题)

a. arbitrariness

b. productivity

c. cultural transmission

d. finiteness

14. The distinction between parole and langue was made by ______. (2006年真题)

a. Halliday

b. Chomsky

c. Bloomfield

d. Saussure

15. ______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation. (2007年真题)

a. Phonology

b. Morphology

c. Semantics

d. Sociolinguistics

16. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language? (2008年真题)

a. Arbitrariness

b. Displacement

c. Duality

d. Diachronicity

17. The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production is ______.

(2009年真题)

a. corpus linguistics

b. sociolinguistics

c. theoretical linguistics

d. pysholinguistics

18. Language is a tool of communication. The symbol “Highway Closed” on a highway serves ______. (2010年真题)

a. an expressive function.

b. an informative function.

c. a performative function.

d. a persuasive function.

19. ______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind. (2011年真题)

a. Semantics

b. Pragmatics

c. Cognitive linguistics

d. Sociolinguistics

20. Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker as ____

a. parole

b. language

c. system

d. langue