高考英语二轮复习(二)冠 词
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2020届二轮复习 (二)冠词
冠词的基本用法
[全析考法]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2018•全国卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
解析:the此处特指过去的25年,故用the past 25 years。
2.(2017•全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
解析:the top是名词,前面要用冠词,此处特指在(地铁的)顶部建造一个结实的顶,所以填定冠词the。
3.(2017•全国卷Ⅲ)Instead, she is earning £6,500 a day as ________ model in New York.
解析:a此处意为“作为纽约的一名模特”,在单数可数名词model前应该使用不定冠词,表示“一,一名”,且model的读音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
4.(2017•11月浙江高考)It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's ________ ongoing process.
解析:an此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程,因为单词ongoing的读音以元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an。
5.(2017•6月浙江高考)For Pahlsson, its return was __________ wonder.
解析:a wonder为可数名词,表示“奇迹,奇事”,此处为泛指,且wonder的读音以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。
6.(2015•全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers.
解析:the在形容词最高级的前面用定冠词the。
7.(2015•广东高考)He owned ________ farm, which looked almost abandoned.
解析:a此处指一个农场,表示泛指,且farm的读音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。8.(2014•全国卷Ⅰ)Now, years later, this river is one of ________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
解析:the此空后为形容词的最高级形式,故应填定冠词the。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.(2018•全国卷Ⅱ)As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me.________________
解析:the→a kid在此处表泛指,且kid的读音以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。2.(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)I still remember how hard first day was.
________________
解析:first前加the/my表示第几天,序数词前要加定冠词the或者用形容词性物主代词my进行修饰。
3.(2017•全国卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.
________________
解析:第一个a→an/one hour的读音以元音音素开头,且是可数名词,所以用an/one hour 表示“一个小时”。
4.(2016•全国卷Ⅱ)But in that case, we will learn little about world.________________
解析:world前加the此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。
5.(2016•四川高考)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.________________
解析:kitchen前加the此处特指“我们家”的厨房。
6.(2015•全国卷Ⅱ)He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop ... A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.________________
解析:outside后的a→the此处用定冠词特指上文提到的商店。
7.(2014•全国卷Ⅱ)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________________
解析:去掉第一个the此处为泛指,不表示特指,故去掉the。
[谨记规则]
(一)不定冠词
表示类指或某类中的“任何一个”。A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.
表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词;或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义,相当于a certain;或专有名词前加不定冠词,表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。I have a question to ask you. In a sense what you said is true.
All of a sudden, she burst into tears.
Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.
表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。Suddenly they heard a loud voice.
表示“每”,相当于per,用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。Prices start at £13.95 a yard for printed cotton.
用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,使之具体化。表示“一种……的人或事”He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.
不定冠词用于序数词前,表示“再一,又一”。Live a good, honorable life.Then when you get older and think back, you'll get to enjoy it a second time.
(二)定冠词
表示特指的人或物,或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物,或者指上文已经提到过的人或事物。Take your time —it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
用在世界上独一无二的事物前。The earth goes around the sun.
用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。Is this the first time that you have visited Qingdao?
用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人或夫妻俩;或用于形容词或分词前,表示某一类人或物。The explosion saw people rush to help the injured.
用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前,后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。It's said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.
(三)零冠词