综合英语二

Lesson One Twelve things I wish they taught at schoolThe most important thing I think I should learn at collegePatriotism爱国精神means love for one’s country. it makes one ready to sacrifice牺牲one’s own life for one’s country. And to do many other deeds行为which can bring benefits利益to his people . its effect is very great when its is exercised锻炼by all the people of a country.I think patriotism is the most important thing I should learn at college. Because it makes our country strong, and her history glorious显赫的. It also improves a man’s character and secures for him widespread fame .To lover our country, to work so as to make her rich , to support her government , to obey her law, to pay fair taxes into her treasury, to treat our fellow-citizens as we wish to be treated ourselves-this is to be a real Chinese patriotif the people of a country are not patriotic, the country must be very weak .history tells us how some countries of ancient times were ,owing to lack of patriotism, conquered by other peoples and how the people of the conquered countries were made slaves under the yoke of their victorious masters. So patriotism is the most important thing I think I should learn at college.So here’s my list:.1.pick a difficult thing and learn it well.(while u learn a little bit about many subjects ,make sure you learn a great deal bout one or two.)2.don’t be afraid to ask” stupid” questions.(discuss ideas in depth with friends .it’s much braver to ask questions even when there’s prospect of ridicule than to suppress your questions and become deadened to the world around you.3.listen carefully.(when people are talking, don’t spend the time thinking about what you are going to say next, instead ,try to understand what the are saying ,what experience is behind their remarks ,what you can learn from or about them.4.everybody makes mistakes(be open to correction, and learn to correct your own mistakes.)5.know our planet.(we are changing the atmosphere, the surface ,the waters of the Earth , often for some short-term advantage when the long-term implications are unknown.)6.science and technology(you cant know your plant unless you know something about science and technology.)7.dont spend your life watching TV.8.CULTURE(gain some exposure to the great works of literature, art and music .but once you make the effort ,your life has changed ;you have acquired a source of enjoyment and excitement for the rest of your days .dont restrict your attention to American or Western culture. Learn how and what people elsewhere think .learn something of their history, their religion, their viewpoints.passion.(there is a hollowness, a loneliness that comes from living only for yourself. Humans are capable of great mutual compassion , love, and tenderness. These feelings , however, need encouragement to grow .lesson two icons1)By definition, the hero was distinguished by his accomplishment(成就); the celebrity名人by his image or trademark. The hero created himself ; the celebrity is created by the media. The hero was a big man; the celebrity is a big name. to become such a celebrity,one needs luck. to become a hero, one needs accomplishment.There is another distinction; heroes inspire respect敬意; celebrities inspire envy羡慕.Few of us believe we could e another jonas salk ,but we could be another TV star .except for the attention the get from the media, these people are exactly like us.2)celebrity-worship was closely tied to the rise of new forms of medis-firstphotography,and later moving pictures,radio and television.3)Today an appearance on a television talk show is the ultimate proof of making it inAmerica .celebrities do not appear on such a program because of an actual desire- or ability-to talk ,but simply to gain recognition,and prove ,merel by showing up,that they are somebody .and most hosts are grateful just to get someone who will fill he soom with soundHeroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most often for the benefit of others .Lesson three go-go AmericansThe American attitude towards time: most Americans think of time as a precious commodity. many people have rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. once the sands have run out of a person’s hourglass, they cannot be replaced. they want every minute to count. So they always seem to be in a rush. Telecommunication and fast food are popular in the united states because they work hard at the task of saving time. An increasing high percentage of normal business is being done these days by voice or electronic device. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business. Telephones are quick and save their feet and endless amounts of time. I do share the American view of time because in a modern society, time is very precious and we should save it carefully. they also get various information through the internet, in short. They want every minute to count.Lesson four take over, bos’ n1)we had been drifting on the sea for twenty days. With our tongue swollen and our cheekssunken,, we were half crazy. We had a little water left. Maybe a pint. We must save it as long as possible. I was in command here, the man with the gun, and the man who had to think, each of the others could afford to think only of himself; I had to think of them all.But I hadn’t dared to shut my eyes in seventy-two hours. once I ‘d doze off, the others would jump on the little water that was left.. at last I could feel sleep creeping over me like paralysis. I bent my head. At that moment, I whispered to Barrett to take over the water. Barrett was a brave man ,he succeeded in protecting the water and in our twenty-first night adrift we all were picked up by the tramp Croton2)I thin responsibility changed Jeff Barrett from a boatswain to a boss-man . yes.3)Yes. responsibility means a kind of sacrifice.Lesson five are you giving your kids too much?1, the author wants to discuss: children are overindulged commonly in America not only with material possessions but with too man privileges.2.why children are overindulged: parents overindulge their children out of a sense of guilt.Parents want their children to have everything they had while growing up and those thins the parents yearned for but didn’t get.Others are afraid to say no to their children’s endless requests for toys for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed.\Parents are unable to stand up to their children’s unreasonable demands, they vacillate between saying no and giving in.3) overindulgence will do harm to children: overindulging children with material things does little to lessen parental guilt, nor does it make children feel more loved. Children may become greedy, self-centered, ungrateful and insensitive to the needs and feelings of others. Overindulged children are not as challenged as children with fewer playthings to be more creative I their play, and so on.4)the real purpose of this discussion is not to tell parents how much or how little to give totheir children ,but to help them.5)Suggestions: parents don’t need to respond angrily to their children when denying aspecific, unreasonable request. They can explain cheerfully. The cheerfulness and lack of hesitation that impress upon the children that parents mean what they say. in other words children will abide by what their parents sincerely believe is right.Parents can\t expect to change completely right away, and should be ready to accept the occasional slip.Lesson six CULTURE SHOCKCulture shock: the feeling of shock and anxiety that someone has when they visit a foreign country or a new place for the first time.Culture shock in a broad sense: culture shock may occur when people experience situations that are very different form those to which they are accustomed ,such situations ever include moving to a new city ,traveling to a new country, and becoming part of a new organization, military unit or corporation, and so on.概述:it is very attractive for young people to study abroad, studying abroad is a new experience indeed and can offer us an opportunity to explore whatever is new. But we must be mentally prepared for the problems we will probably face, owing to the differences of social systems, beliefs, values and ways of life, we may suffer from the culture shock and cant adapt ourselves to the new environment.Usually we wont become accustomed to the new place until we go through four stages: honeymoon ,crsis ,recovery and adjustment, when first arriving abroad, we will feel very excited ,and everything appears to be wonderful ,but when moving to stage two ,we will come to notice that things are not so glorified as we expected ,we not only begin to get homesick ,but even want to give up. however, if we stick with the experience, we will overcome the culture shock, adjust ourselves to and finally benefit from the new culture.The lesson the model millionaireHughie Erskine休吉:he was wonderfully good-looking ,with his brown hair, clear-cut face, and grey eyes ,he was charming and popular with men as well as with women .he and Laura were regarded as the handsomest couple in London. But intellectually, he was not of much importance .he had every quality except that of making money and he was a butterfly in people’s eyes. At last he became nothing , a delightful ,useless young man with a perfect face and no profession. He had no permanent income and lived on two hundred pounds a year that an old aunt allowed him. Although laura’s father was very fond of him ,but would not hear of an engagement ,he was very kind to people so that he never said a clever or even an ill-natured thin in his life .when he saw an old beggar-man, he gave his one pound to him2)Alan Trevor艾仑,特里沃: was a great friend of Hughie. He was a painter and artist. Personally he was strange, rough fellow ,with a freckled face and red ,rough beard, when he took up the brush he was a real master. And his pictures were eagerly sought after. 3) Laura merton and her father: laura merton was the daughter of a former arm officer. Laura loved Hughie although he was not rich she and Hughie were viewed as the handsomest couple in London ,but they had not a penny between them .she was very kind and gentle, too, when she knew hughie have given away a pound to an old beggar-man and walked home ,she only blamed him charmingly.Laura’s father was a former arm officer who had lost his temper and his health in India ,he was very snobbish .though he was very fond of Hughie ,but would not hear of any engagement when he knew Hughie was not rich.Millionaire: a millionaire is a person who has a million pounds, dollars, ect .or is a very rich person .What is a model millionaire according to alan Trevor: according to alan Trevor, the artist, a model millionaire is a millionaire regarded as excellent of his kind and worth imitating , in the story, Baron Hausberg 霍斯勃格男爵is the model millionaire.Who was Hughie erskine ?what act of kindness did he perfom one day?what did this act result in?: Hughie erskine was a kind-hearted young man who worried a lot about his marriage for lack of money. one day he met an old beggar at his friend Trevor’s painting room and he immediately began to feel sympathy for the beggar. Out of sympathy, Hughie offered him one dollar as some help .what Hughie though more was how poor the beggar was and wished to do something form him. Later Hughie came to know that the old beggar was baron hausberg, one of the richest men in Europe the next morning, when baron hausberg sent for a representative to visit Hughie ,Hughie decided that he was there for an apology, but out of hughie’s expectation, the old man just solved his pressing need by offering him ten thousand pounds .baron hausberg is really a model millionaire, ,a gentleman, one who knows very well that one good turn deserves another.Lesson nine only three more days1)how did the author manage to get his diaries out of Nazi Germany?The diaries were very important materials to reveal the monstrous crimes of the Gestapo and the notorious facts about the Nazism. there is enough is the diaries to get the author hanged if the Gestapo ever discovered them. That was also why he wanted to keep them in the first place.2)which of the following adjectives do you think best describes a journalist’s work?I think the adjectives such as sacred, honorable, exciting, dangerous best describe ajournalist’s work.Outline:1) the diary for December 2 was limited to four words-only three more days!2)the diary for December 3 reflected the author’s worry about his passport and exit visa still held up by the Foreign Office.3)on december4,after getting his passport and official permission to leave the next day,the author began to figure out a way of getting his diaries safely out of Berlin.4)on December 5 ,the author described the harsh weather at the airport, predicting further dangers ahead of him. But eventually he managed to leave berlin safely with a complicated heart.Lesson ten the washwomanWhat you think is the most admirable quality of the washwoman: the washwoman was a dedicated person and had an indomitable will .although a small, thin and old woman, she did not want to become a burden to his son or the society, she could have begged at the church door or entered a home for the poor and aged .but there was in her a certain pride and love of labor. She managed to make her own living b washing laundry for others .every piece of laundry from her was as clean as polished silver and was neatly ironed. Even if she was seriously ill, even if it was an icy wintry day, she would return the laundry to its rightful owners and fulfill the task she had undertaken. Form this dedicated washwoman, we can see the find qualities of human being and an indomitable will.Lesson eleven how I served my apprenticeship1)one dollar and twenty cents, he felt very proud because this was the his first earning inhis life.2)Because everyone of the famil was working hard and no one, especially man, wouldcomplain about it3)Carnegie卡耐基:think that poverty is a fortune instead of an evil. poverty can make aboy mature early and quickly. poverty can make the people understand the difficult of life and become more united. he says that poverty is honest .industrious and self-denying, and that upon poverty mankind can produce virtues. he used his own life to support his view.4)He had to do the hard work with the low payment, he had to work for a very long timeeveryday. he had a strong will to earn money to support his poor family5)The poor can have a happier life than the rich. The children form the poor family tendto be honest, industrious and self-denying. i agree with him. Being poor is a very precious experience, children can understand the difficulties of life from being poor.Lesson twelve a friend of the environmentBy writing some books, Rachel Carson tells us the possible disastrous damage caused by the pesticide and warns us against environmental pollution. silent spring showed us that man was endangering himself and everything else on this planet by his indiscriminate use of chemical pesticide.All the countries should make laws to fight against pollution. No factory should release the polluted water, air or any other kinds of pollutions , everone should have the conciousness of protecting our environment, more trees should be planted around the world.As a little girl ,Rachel Carson loved birds, plants and other animals. She became keen on nature in the sophomore year. The biology she took widened her vision and made her realize the wonder and excitement of scientific study of those animals . after finishing college, she did scientific research into sea animals and published articles about them. The sea around us ,one her interesting popular science books, was published in 1915, the book was on the best-seller list for more than eighty consecutive weeks ,in another book the silent spring1962,Carson warned that the birds as well as other creatures and plants would be destroyed if man continued using poisonous pesticide. without an bird, the silent spring would arrive, this book was a landmark for the mankind to save the earth –the home for both human and their companions, for it aroused people’s concern about environmental protection for the first time.Lesson thirteen who shall dwellCompare and contrast the behaviour of the father and mother during the crisis:When the bomb alert was heard over the radio, the father and mother were both astonished. The father was puzzled and his face was ashen. But the mother remained calm. She dashed to the door to call the older boy and at the same time reminded the father of taking action, when the family were safe in the shelter, the couple faced others who came begging and crying to be taken into the shelter . actually the problem had been discussed of whether sharing their shelter with others or not, but their discussion resulted in nothing. the mother was ready to share their shelter with others whereas the father insisted on only protection his own family, however, change came when there were three minutes left. The mother, and then the father ,stepped out of the shelter and made room for three children whom they did not know ,the mother and father loved their children deeply and they got prepared to save their own lives as well as their children’s before the bomb struck, however they finally succeeded in purifying themselves and sacrificed their lives for othersLesson fourteen cipher in the snow1.according to the author, the coldness of Evan’s family, the sorrowful inner world ofEvans and those stupid and ignorant teachers caused the death of him2.as a student, I will be active in the class activities and have a good spirit ever day andalso a resolution to overwhelm an possible difficulties in every corner of life.3.from my experience, the teachers, discrimination against those slow students andinsulting language or too hard criticism may have very bad effect on children.4.outline:1-4 one day on her way to school in the school-bus, the author witnessed theincident happening to the boy, Cliff evans.5-9 the news about the death of cliff spread throughout the school very quickly that morning and the author was sent by the principal to inform cliff’s family of it.10-13in cliff’s family, the author learned that cliff was not cared about in his family.14-15the author was to write the obituary for the school paper, so she began to read cliff’s school records.16from these records ,she learned that the teachers should be responsible for making the boy into a zero.17the author wrote a report pointing out what the education have done to cliff.18-19 the author made a comment on the cause of cliff’s death ;it was because cliff had been ignored by everyone, including teachers, class-mates and his family.20-21the autho attended the funeral of cliff and she made a big resolution.22-23the author’s resolution was that she wouldn’t have one of her students coming out of school thinking himself into a zero, and most of the time she succeeded.The lesson fifteen bribery-an inevitable evil?1)that is because there still exist the poor and the rich, the abuse of rights, unfaircompetition and the monopoly of trade. In terms of cause and effect of bribery, the baker is more to blame; for if he refuses it ,or does no encourage it ,the briber cannot take place, the root cause of this evil is poor management and supervision concerning the use of rights.2)Yes,I would be able to resist bribes, in order to realize the spirit of everone’s beingequal and fair in competition. Suppose I were a businessman, I would not try to bribe a key official in order to secure a contract, to clear cargoes, because it is unfair competition. And if every businessman can follow my example, there would be no bribery/3)Briber means presenting or offering a sum of money or valuable articles to someone,who will do something in his favor. In many countries, bribing civil servants, to both the giver and the taker, means crime. While bribing a civil servant ,the giver is sure to expect the taker to use his position to do something in his favour , in return ,the taker has to violate his duties or law to meet the needs of the giver .once there is a deal of money, even if the taker has not started to do what the giver asked him to do ,the crime of bribery has taken place ,beside, the offences of both the giver and the taker are equally serous. In china, giving and taking bribes in any department of the government ,trade and education are all major crimes ,the punishment for it is rather severe according to the amount of money and specific situation ,ranging from imprisonment of a few moths to execution.Lesson sixteen a social eventRand and Carole are a young couple who are not very successful at Hollywood. Recently they have been concerned with the qualification of getting invited to the great star, Scotty Woodrow’s funeral. To be seen there among the social celebrities means a lot to their careers in Hollywood. they are hard to reach woodrow’s family for a mere invitation ,but all in vain, at last , they happen to know that their cook ,Muriel, was once adopted by Mr. Sotty, and she got the invitation. They decide to attend the funeral as the family of Muriel,they, though a little embarrassed, still think the solution cures their headache very skillfully.。