英译汉典型题详解

2.2 英译汉典型题详解题1To sorrowI bade good morrow,And thought to leave her far away behind;But cheerily, cheerily,She loves me dearly,She is so constant to me, and so kind.I would deceive her,And so leave her,But ah! She is so constant and so kind.(By Keats) 参考译文：我向“愁烦”，说了声再见，本打算，把她远远地撇在后边；但她情意缠绵，热烈把我爱恋；她对我，情那样重，心那样坚。

我很想把她欺骗，和她割断牵连，但是啊！她情那样重，心那样坚。

题2The Passionate Shepherd to His LoveChristopher MarloweCome live with me and be my love,And we will all the pleasures proveThat valleys, groves, hills, and fields,Woods, or steepy mountain yields.And we will sit upon the rocks,Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,By shallow rivers to whose fallsMelodious birds sing madrigals.And I will make thee beds of rosesAnd a thousand fragrant posies,A cap of flowers, and a kirtleEmbroidered all with leaves of myrtle;A gown made of the finest woolWhich from our pretty lambs we pull;Fair lined slippers for the cold,With buckles of the purest gold;A belt of straw and ivy buds,With coral clasps and amber studs:And if these pleasures may thee move,Come live with me, and be my love.The shepherds’ swains shall dance and singFor thy delight each May morning:If these delights thy mind may move,Then live with me and be my love.参考译文：热恋的牧羊人克里斯多夫·马洛来和我一起生活，做我的至爱，我们将共享人间的一切欢快。

这里有俊俏秀丽的山峦，还有风光明媚的山谷田园。

在那边，我们坐在山岩上，看着牧羊人喂食可爱的羊羔，在浅浅的小河旁，有小鸟婉转动听的鸣唱。

我将用玫瑰花瓣为你铺床，还将扎起一千束芬芳的花朵，我将编织一顶花冠，一袭绣装，全身用桃金娘叶芽织就。

从最可爱的羊羔身上剪下上等羊毛，织成温暖绵软的衣袍，做成御寒的羊毛衬里拖鞋，用纯金为你制作鞋扣。

芳草和常春藤编成的腰带，点缀着琥珀饰纽和珊瑚扣环，如果这些享受能开启你的心怀，来和我一起生活，做我的心爱。

牧羊少年将在五月的每一个清晨献上歌曲和舞蹈，为的是让你欢欣，如果这些快乐能打动你的芳心，就过来和我一起生活，做我的爱人。

题3It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, for whoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at your enemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman.But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on.参考译文：很幸运，这种最普通的水果恰恰是最好的水果。

论其优点，难尽其详。

柑橘有益于健康，比如，可以治疗流感，滋养皮肤。

柑橘干净卫生，不管是谁把它端上餐桌，也只触到它的表皮，亦即它的外衣，吃完以后便被丢在餐厅。

柑橘是圆的，孩子们拿它当板球玩是再好不过了。

柑橘核可用来弹射你的对手，一小片橘皮也能让一个老者滑个趔趄。

但是，如若不是柑橘有甜美可口的味道，上述一切便不足为奇。

我真不敢纵谈它的美味，我被柑橘的美味所倾倒。

每一个婚礼都使我感到痛惜，它意味着一束鲜橘花——未来金灿灿果实的夭折。

无奈，人类还得继续繁衍。

题4（选入《英语翻译基础》）Divorce : Balance of PowerIt makes no sense to say that a good marriage requires parity, as most marriages in the world and throughout history have been based on entirely different principles. You might even conclude fro m America’s unusually high divorce rate that the expectation of equality and personal fulfillment is itself a more problematic prescription than that of honor and obedience.Or perhaps the problem lies not in equality, but in the ambivalence that inevitably surrounds a titanic cultural shift only decades old. Many women today still sign up for marriages in which the man, to some extent, dominates. Traditionally those marriages have ended when the stronger party tires of the dependent. When Harriet Newman Cohen began practicing matrimonial law three decades ago, her clients were mostly women whose breadwinners had walked out. But she and others have observed that today, it is as often the weaker party who calls it quits, tired of a role that is no longer culturally sanctioned. And, once equitable distribution laws—which forced the higher-earning spouse to share the wealth equitably—were passed in the 80’s, there was no longer any financial penalty for divorce.Today, almost as many women as men file for divorce. Infidelity, in addition, is no longer a primarily male province. One divorced investment banker discovered that, within his circle of male friends, it was their wives who cheated, not they. “In the culture of my f irm, having affairs is just bad behavior, like drunk driving—something that could harm your reputation,” he says. Female infidelity, on the other hand, he says, reads differently. “They’re finding themselves, exploring their sexuality,” he observed bitterly. “She was fragile and neurotic and I was the whiteknight. I made her feel taken care of and she made me feel strong—right up until the day she left.”参考译文：离婚：权力的均衡由于古往今来世界上大多数人的婚姻是以完全不同的原则为基础的，所以，好的婚姻需要平等这种说法是没有什么意义的。