英语语法-动词不定式的特征

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初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结

初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结

初中英语语法知识精讲之不定式考点的归纳和总结一、不定式的语法特点不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

不定式可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,这是不定式语法特点之一。

下面我们一一列举:作主语不定式作主语通常表示目的或原因。

例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。

)作宾语不定式作宾语通常表示目的或原因。

例如:"I need to study hard to pass the exam."(为了通过考试,我需要努力学习。

)作表语不定式作表语通常表示主语的状态或特征。

例如:"The sky is blue."(天空是蓝色的。

)作定语不定式作定语通常表示主语的特征或状态。

例如:"The book on the shelf is interesting."(书架上的书很有趣。

)作状语不定式作状语通常表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。

例如:"I will go to the park tomorrow."(我明天会去公园。

)不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成。

不定式可以由动词原形、动名词、不定式符号to和主语构成,这是不定式语法特点之一。

下面我们一一列举:动词原形不定式可以由动词原形构成,例如:"I want to eat pizza."(我想吃披萨。

)动名词不定式也可以由动名词构成,例如:"She enjoys playing soccer."(她喜欢踢足球。

)不定式符号to不定式还可以由不定式符号to和主语构成,例如:"To be or not to be, that is the question."(生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。

)主语不定式还可以由主语构成,例如:"The teacher gave the students a task to complete."(老师给学生布置了一个任务完成。

高中英语不定式语法

高中英语不定式语法

非谓语动词在高中英语中,非谓语动词包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(-ing)、现在分词(-ing)与过去分词(-ed)三种形式,它们有不少共同特点:①在句子中不能充当谓语,不受主语人称和数的限制;②保留部分动词特性:可以后接宾语,可用副词修饰;③否定形式,都是在其前面加上not/never等否定词;④表示的动作,如果明显发生的谓语动词表示的动作之前(或者强调先后),要求用完成时态形式;⑤都不能作地点状语,只有动词不定式可以作目的状语;⑥没有主语,其表示动作的执行者叫作“逻辑性主语”(主动语态时),有时表示动作的承受者(被动语态时)非谓语动词可充当句子的很多成分,并且有时态和语态的变化如下:Ⅰ动词不定式定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和单复数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。

一、不定式的时态和语态:1. 动词不定式的时态1). 一般式:当不定式表示的动作或状态发生几乎同时或晚于谓语动词表示的动作或状态时用一般式;eg. ①He seemed to be tired.②The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2). 进行式:当不定式表示的动作或状态与谓语正好同时发生时,用进行式。

eg. ①When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.②I didn`t expect you to be working in such bad conditions.3). 完成式:当不定式所表示的动作或状态明显发生在谓语动词之前,用完成式;eg. ①He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.②He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4). 完成进行式:如果不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,强调一直在进行或有可能继续进行,用完成进行式.eg. ①We are happy to have been working with the experts all the month.②I suspected him to have been playing instead of studying.5. 不定式的语态:1)当不定式的逻辑主语是其表示的动作的执行者时,一般要用主动式;eg. ①The workers are to build the great bridge.当不定式的逻辑主语正好是其表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动式(to be done).eg. ①The great bridge is to be built by the workers.2) 若是明显发生在谓语动作之前,而且含有被动含义,就用完成被动式( to have been done).eg. ①He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.②He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.二、不定式的功能:1. 不定式做主语:不定式做主语一般表示具体的某一次动作,而动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。

英语语法学习:动词不定式用法的9个知识要点集锦

英语语法学习:动词不定式用法的9个知识要点集锦

英语语法学习:动词不定式用法的9个知识要点集锦
1. 不定式的形式:
基本形式:“to+动原”
否定形式:“to”前加“not”
疑问形式:“疑问词+to+动原”
被动形式:“to be +过去分词”
完成形式:“to have +过去分词”
关于以上形式的例句:
It began to rain.
Tell him not to come.
What to do is still unknow
I never expect my bike to be found.
Tom seems to have finished his work.
注意,不定式都有“将要做”的暗示,但是在不定式的完成式中,却是“已经做了”。

2. 不定式的功能:
动词不定式可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。

但也有动词的特征,后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。

不定式的功能:
To see is to believe. (作主语和表语)。

初三英语语法知识汇总 动词不定式

初三英语语法知识汇总 动词不定式

动词不定式一、动词不定式的基本形式肯定式:to+动词原形否定式:not to+动词原形(to是不定式符号、标志,无意义,可以不翻译。

)二、动词不定式的特征动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,它没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分(主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语);动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时还保持动词的某些特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。

动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。

三、动词不定式的用法1. 不定式作宾语能跟不定式作宾语的动词(及物动词)很多,构成vt.(及物动词)+to do sth. 结构。

常见的有:want, like, wish, hate, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect , remember, forget等。

eg. He wanted to borrow my CD players. 他想借我的CD播放机。

His brother is learning to drive. 他弟弟正在学驾驶。

I hope to speak English well. 我希望讲好英语。

动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而把不定式后置。

eg. I find it difficult to learn physics. 我发现学习物理很难。

2. 不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后,补充说明宾语,作补足语。

构成vt.+sb.+(not)to do sth. 结构。

常用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词结构有want sb.to do, ask sb.to do, tell sb.to do, order sb.to do, get sb.to do, wish sb.to do, allow sb.to do, invite sb.to do, teach sb.to do, encourage sb.to do, beg sb.to do等。

情态动词与动词不定式的区别

情态动词与动词不定式的区别

情态动词与动词不定式的区别在英语语法中,情态动词和动词不定式是两个重要的语法概念。

虽然它们都涉及动词的使用,但在用法和功能上存在一些明显的区别。

本文将对情态动词和动词不定式进行比较,以帮助读者更好地理解它们的区别。

一、情态动词的特点情态动词(Modal Verbs)是一类特殊的动词,它们用来表示说话人的意愿、能力、推测、建议、命令等情态。

情态动词包括can、could、may、might、shall、should、will、would、must等。

下面是情态动词的一些特点:1. 后面跟动词原形。

情态动词本身并不具备时态和人称的变化,后面的动词要用原形,即不带to的动词形式。

- 例1:I can swim.(我会游泳。

)- 例2:She may leave early.(她可能会早退。

)2. 具备情态的意义。

情态动词本身有一定的意义,表示说话人的态度、观点或推测、许可等情态,而且它们往往没有独立的意义。

- 例1:You should apologize to her.(你应该向她道歉。

)- 例2:He must be busy.(他一定很忙。

)3. 不能单独作谓语。

情态动词通常需要与其他动词结合使用,构成谓语。

- 例1:He can play the piano.(他会弹钢琴。

)- 例2:We should study harder.(我们应该加倍努力学习。

)二、动词不定式的特点动词不定式(Infinitives)是动词的一种形式,通常由to加上动词原形组成。

动词不定式在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词。

下面是动词不定式的一些特点:1. 由to加动词原形构成。

形式上,动词不定式由to加上动词原形组合而成。

但是在某些情况下,不定式也可以省略to。

- 例1:I want to go swimming.(我想去游泳。

)- 例2:He can swim.(他会游泳。

)2. 可以有时态和人称的变化。

不定式在使用时可以根据上下文的需要进行时态和人称的变化。

初中英语语法专题七 非谓语动词

初中英语语法专题七 非谓语动词

2.不定式的句法作用 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用,它 可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语 等。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将 真正的主语放在句末,It+be+形容词+(for sb.)+动 词不定式。
It's important (for us) to protect the environment. (对我们来说)保护环境是很重要的。 注:当在 kind,good,nice,clever 等表示人的品 质的形容词后,不用 for 而用 of。 It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好 啦。
Please try to do better next time. 请下次设法做得更 好些。 He tried speak ing English to us. 他试着用英语和我 们谈话。
Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. 做完这个练习题后,接着做另一个练习题。 Go on doing the exercise after a short rest. 休息一会儿之后继续做练习。
其后既可以接动词 -ing形式,也可接动词不定 式 的动词及动词词组 有love, like, prefe r, be gin, s tart, continue, remembe r,try, s top, forget, hate,need,allow,go on等。
介词后接动词-ing形式的动词短语有 keep...from,stop...from,make a contribution to, look forward to,spend...(in),be afraid of,be proud of,be used for,feel like,give up,be interested in,put off等。

英语语法专项:动词不定式用法归纳及练习答案

英语语法专项:动词不定式用法归纳及练习答案

动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。

但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。

另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。

动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。

1.作主语可以直接作主语。

如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。

如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people.It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson10).点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is+adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或It is+n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语。

2.作宾语a.以下动词只能to do作宾语。

attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange 安排mean意欲,打算begin开始expect期望appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装ask问need需要agree同意desire愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢,宁愿care关心,喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉,遗憾choose 选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope希望promise承诺,允许start开始undertake 承接want想要intend想要refuse拒绝decide决定learn学习contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek找,寻觅try试图b.love,like,begin,start,hate,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。

《英语语法》动词不定式

《英语语法》动词不定式

第五章动词不定式(一)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。

动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。

它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。

同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。

一、动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。

A.不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。

He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好像很高兴。

(同时发生)To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。

(to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后)B.不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候,天碰巧在下雨。

I'm glad to be traveling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。

C.不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

I'm sorry to have lost your key. 我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。

I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我感觉身体不舒服。

It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 对我来说,被邀请来你们国家是一件很荣幸的事情。

高中英语语法:不定式的用法_

高中英语语法:不定式的用法_

高中英语语法:不定式的用法_动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。

因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

一、不定式做主语:1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。

===动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。

e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.To do such things is foolish.To see is to believe. (对等)注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。

it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to doIt is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job to doIt takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to doIt requires courage / patience / hard work to do *注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语,而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。

It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错) It is possible for him to come to the meeting.It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.二、不定式做表语主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组或以what 引导的名词性从句表示,后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或现在的动作或状态。

英语什么是动词不定式用法大全

英语什么是动词不定式用法大全

英语什么是动词不定式用法大全英语动词不定式有动词特征和非动词特征,这些特征在汉语句式中得到充分体现,本文探讨动词不定式与汉语句式之间的对应关系,提示语法句式组合的规律与法则与人们的思维方式有一定的关系。

那么英语什么是动词不定式呢?下面是店铺整理的英语什么是动词不定式,欢迎阅读。

英语什么是动词不定式在语法中,动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。

它之所以被叫做不定式,是因为动词不被限定,或者说不被词形变化所局限。

不定式属于非谓语动词。

然而在一些语言里(例如葡萄牙语),存在着受时态、人称和数量影响的不定式形态。

亦有些语言完全没有不定式,例如阿拉伯语、保加利亚语和现代希腊语。

在外语学习的课程中,动词不定式的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”,因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。

动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性。

动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。

这一使动者我们称之为逻辑主语。

英语中的动词不定式构成动词不定式构成:to+ do(动词原形)否定式:not to+do 动词原形动词不定式特点:动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语。

可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语.一. 带to的不定式结构1. 我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like , love, stop,go, come等。

二. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:1. 在固定词组had better之后。

注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。

例如:You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。

初中英语语法“动词不定式”用法

初中英语语法“动词不定式”用法

浅析初中英语语法“动词不定式”的用法摘要:初中英语语法中,动词不定式(infinitive)是一个重要的语法知识点,也是中考的必考考点之一。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语;但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。

关键词:动词不定式特征用法疑问不定式在英语中,动词有限定性动词和非限定性动词两种,非限定性动词(verbal)有动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。

限定性动词在句子中可以单独作谓语动词,非限定动词在句子中不能单独作谓语动词。

动词不定式(infinitive)是一种非限定动词,由动词不定式符号to加动词原形构成。

下面我们来谈谈动词不定式的特征以及动词不定式的用法。

一、动词不定式的特征1.如果动词不定式是及物的,须带宾语。

如:he wanst to stduy french.动词不定式tostduy后面有宾语french)2.动词不定式可以被状语修饰.如:he wanst to stduy french well.3.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,即不受主语的人称和单、复数的限定或影响.如:marci seems to know everything4.其否定形式是在不定式符号to前面加not. i decided not to work in this factory any longer.5.不定式的逻辑主语常用or或of结构引出。

如:for a child to have his own free time is very necessary.二、动词不定式的用法动词不等式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它在句子中可以主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。

(一)不定式作主语1.to learn out of the window is dangerous(把身子伸出窗外是危险的)2.to die for the people is a glorious death!(为人民而死,虽死犹荣)动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将动词不定式结构放在系表结构(be+adj.)的后面,主要是为了保持句子的平衡。

英语选修7第一单元语法:动词不定式

英语选修7第一单元语法:动词不定式

6 作状语
(1.) 表示目的: to
in order to so as to
I came here to see you.
He got up early to catch the train.
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.
(2.) 表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作 状语,说明产生这种情况的原因,常

My job is to help the patient. Your task is to clean the classroom.
3. 作定语 (常常表示将来的动作)
1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后 ①She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. ②Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something important to ell you .

(2)表示下列含义的动词或动词短语后常接动名词作宾语, 巧记 如下:


考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon 承认推迟没得想: admit, delay/put off, fancy 避免错过继续练: avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice 否认完成停止赏: deny, finish, stop, enjoy/appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡 can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape 不准冒险凭想象: forbid, risk, imagine

动词不定式的语法总结

动词不定式的语法总结

动词不定式的语法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,是英语中常见的一种语法,学生一定要做好总结,拿下这个知识点。

小编为大家力荐了动词不定式常用的语法总结,给大家作为参考,欢迎阅读!动词不定式的七种用法动词不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形.1.动词不定式做主语.谓语用第三人称单数形式.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.egTo see is to believe.It's a bad habit to run after dinner.2 做表语.the important things is to save lives.3 做宾语he likes to play with children.4做宾语补足语.形容词做宾补时.常用it做形式宾语.把真正的宾语放到宾补之后.he feels it happy to help others.5做定语she asked me to help her with her English.6做状语you are never too old to learn.(结果状语)7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.I am thinking about what to say.动词的不定式的用法口诀①不定式有标记,to与动词连一起。

②没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语,唯独作谓不可以。

④not 加上不定式,否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义。

⑥仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据。

动词不定式专题练习1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________ina fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.。

高中英语动词不定式语法总结

高中英语动词不定式语法总结

高中英语动词不定式语法总结一、动词不定式的定义和特点动词不定式是英语语法中的一种重要形式,用于表示一个将要发生或尚未发生的动作。

它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,可以作为句子中的独立成分,与句子中的其他成分保持语法和语义的连贯性。

二、动词不定式的时态和语态1. 时态:动词不定式可以有不同的时态形式,包括一般式、进行式和完成式。

例如,不定式的一般式表示一个一般性的动作;不定式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作,发生在句子谓语动词之前。

2. 语态:动词不定式可以有被动语态形式,表示一个动作由他人或某物所导致。

三、动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式可以有自己的复合结构,即“名词所有格”或“动词-ing”形式加上“to do”。

这些结构可以作主语、宾语、表语等,与句子的主语形成语法上的关系。

四、动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式可以在句中充当各种句法成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语等。

同时,它可以与一些词类连用,如形容词、副词、介词短语等。

五、常用动词不定式短语和结构1. it + 形容词/ 名词 + 不定式结构:表示将来的计划或情况。

2. be + 形容词 + to do:表示某人愿意或想要做某事。

3.感官动词 + 不定式结构:表示一种观察或感受。

4. 疑问词 + 不定式结构:可以用于询问目的或意图。

5. 介词 + 名词/ 动名词 + to do:表示一种方式或手段。

六、动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号前加上“not”。

同时,有一些特殊的否定结构,如“hardly/ scarcely + 否定词+ to do”、“not so much to do as to do”等。

七、动词不定式的疑问形式动词不定式的疑问形式是将疑问词直接放在不定式符号前,构成一个疑问句。

常见的疑问词有who/ what/ which/ how/ when/ where等。

八、动词不定式的省略形式在某些情况下,动词不定式可以省略,特别是在一些固定短语中。

初中英语语法:动词不定式的10大考点详解

初中英语语法:动词不定式的10大考点详解
2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点,可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。
下面以近几年全国局部省市的中考英语真题为例,对不定式的难点以及它在中考英语中的考查点,作一简要的总结和分析,供同学们学习时参考。
动词不定式作主语
1.It's our duty _________ the room every day.
初中英语语法:动词不定式的10大考点详解
收录于话题
动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一,也是每年中考英语真题的考点之一。
它是动词的一种非谓语形式,没有人称和数的变化,不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为"to+动词原形",to为动词不定式的符号,本身无意义。
动词不定式具有两大特点:
1.具有动词的特点,因此,后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语,构成动词不定式短语。
A.to feel B.feels C.feeling D.feel (X省)
3.Your father is sleeping.You'd better ______.
A.not wake up him B.not to wake up him
C.not wake him up D.not to wake him up (X省)
The ice on the lake wasn't ______ enough ______ people ______ ______ ______.(X省)
Keys:6.is, too, small, for 7.thick, for, to, skate, on
【解析】在上述"too +形容词/副词(for X)to do…"(太……而不能……)和"enough (for X) to do…"(足以、足够……做……)结构中,不定式作结果状语。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式

高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式

高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中一种非常重要的语法结构,它可以用来表达动作的目的、原因、愿望、意愿等。

在高中英语学习中,了解并正确运用动词的不定式是提高语言表达能力和写作水平的重要一环。

本文将对高中英语中的动词不定式知识点进行归纳总结。

一、不定式的基本形式与用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,例如:to go, to eat, to study。

在句子中,不定式可以充当名词、形容词或副词。

1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常用于句子的开头或者后面。

例如:- To learn a foreign language is important.- It is important to learn a foreign language.2. 不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常跟在动词后面。

例如:- I want to go to the movies tonight.- She loves to dance.3. 不定式作表语不定式可以作表语,通常与be动词连用。

例如:- His dream is to become a doctor.4. 不定式作定语动词不定式可以修饰名词,充当名词的定语。

例如:- She has a book to read.5. 不定式作状语动词不定式可以作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词,表达动作的目的、原因、结果等。

例如:- He went to the store to buy some groceries.(目的)- She is too young to watch that movie.(结果)二、动词不定式的时态与语态动词不定式有时态和语态的变化,主要包括一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。

1. 一般式一般式表示动作或状态的普遍性、一般性。

例如:- I like to play basketball.2. 进行式进行式表示动作正在进行。

动词不定式与动名词的区别与用法比较动词不定式与动名词的语法结构与用法

动词不定式与动名词的区别与用法比较动词不定式与动名词的语法结构与用法

动词不定式与动名词的区别与用法比较动词不定式与动名词的语法结构与用法动词不定式与动名词的区别与用法比较动词不定式和动名词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。

它们在语法结构和用法上有一些区别,下面我们将对这两者进行比较。

一、语法结构1. 动词不定式动词不定式是由动词原形加上to构成的,例如:to go,to play等。

动词不定式还可以带有助动词或情态动词的形式,例如:can go,should play等。

动词不定式可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。

2. 动名词动名词是由动词原形加上-ing构成的,例如:going,playing等。

动名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语等成分。

二、用法比较1. 主语动词不定式作为主语时常常表示抽象的行为、动作或状态,例如:- To understand is to forgive.(理解就是宽容。

)- To love someone is to accept them for who they are.(爱一个人就是接受他们的真实面貌。

)动名词作为主语时常常表示一般的、具体的动作或状态,例如:- Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有好处。

)- Eating too much junk food can lead to health problems.(吃太多垃圾食品会导致健康问题。

)2. 宾语动词不定式作为及物动词的宾语时,在一些动词后面常常跟上动词不定式,例如:- I want to go shopping.(我想去购物。

)- She loves to sing.(她喜欢唱歌。

)动名词作为宾语时,常常跟动词之后,例如:- I enjoy swimming in the sea.(我喜欢在海里游泳。

)- They avoid talking about the problem.(他们避免谈论这个问题。

)3. 表语动词不定式作为表语时,常常表示主语的性质、身份、目的等,例如:- His dream is to become a famous singer.(他的梦想是成为一名著名的歌手。

动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法一、动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”,有时能够不带to。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

在句中不能单独作谓语,但仍保留动词的特性,能够有自己的宾语、状语等。

动词不定式同它的宾语和状语一起构成不定式短语。

例如:to sell flowers in the street 在街上卖花不定式省to有四种情况:1、使役动词let, make, have等后接不定式。

例如:Let him go!The boss made the child labors work the whole night.2、would rather, had better后。

例如:You had better stay at home.3、Why…/Why not…后。

例如:Why not have a good rest on Sunday?4、感官动词see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find,notice 等后作宾语补足语,省to。

例如:I saw him dance.注意:这些情况在被动语态中,不可省to.例如:The child labors were made to work the whole night.二、动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,能够作句子的主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

1、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。

动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。

例如:The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.How to make requests politely is important.2、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常用在be动词及seem, appear, happen等词之后,构成系表结构。

第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分-主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing -完成式to have done to have been done 完成进行式to have been doing -(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词+不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)+不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊!It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧).A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _2.I hope see you soon.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _3.I made them to give the money back.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _5.No one noticed him to leave the room.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _6.Have you given up to smoke?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _7.We found him waited at the school gate.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _8.Why not to turn off the light?___________________________________________________________________________________________ _9.She didn't want me go.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _10.I don't know to swim.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _14.They don't allow that people smoke.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _15.It's difficult sell my car.___________________________________________________________________________________________ _答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。

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英语语法-动词不定式的特征
1、不定式可以有动词的特征,即不定式有时态和语态的变化:
①一般式:
不定式的一般式所表示的动作与限定动词动作同时发生或发生在限定动词动作之后。

I'm glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。

(glad与meet两个动作同时发生)
He seems to know a lot.
他好像知道很多。

(seem与know两个动作同时发生)
He wants to be an artist.
他想做一名艺术家。

(to be an artist这个动作发生在want之后)
②进行式:
不定式的进行式所表示的动作与限定动词动作同时发生。

The boy pretended to be working hard.
男孩假装正在努力工作。

They seem to be discussing problems in the room.
他们好像在房间里讨论问题。

③完成式:
不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在限定动词动作之前。

I regretted to have told the truth.
我后悔说实话了。

(to have told发生在regret之前)
I happened to have seen the film.
我碰巧看过这部电影。

(to have seen发生在happen之前)
④被动式:
To be obeyed was natural to her.
她天性要别人听命于她。

The book is intended to be read and not to be torn. 这书是供人阅读而不是供人撕毁的。

2、不定式也有名词性质
不定式的名词性质表现在:在句中可作主语、宾语等。

To be content with little is true happiness.
知足常乐。

(做主语)
The man,without fuss,agreed to serve as witness.
这个人没有异议,同意作证人。

(作宾语)。

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