英译汉-中文译文资料

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英语翻译学习资料(含中英文解释)

例1.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be, rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energyputting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating（操纵）others . They are aware that there is a difference between being loved andacting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between beingknowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hidebehind a mask.1.dedicate to 把时间，精力用于2.pretence 虚伪，虚假6 ．1 斤斤于字比句次，措辞生硬例2.Solitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners and habits are conditioned by others. My table manners areatrocious( 丑恶)—in this respect I've slipped back hundreds of years in fact, Ihave no manners whatsoever（完全，全然）. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up —in other words, whichever is easiest.孤独是很好的实验室，正好适合观察一个人的举止和习惯在多大程度上受人制约。

英译汉-翻译参考译文

练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。

这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。

☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。

那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。

美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。

这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。

要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。

在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。

美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。

所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。

☐美国城市没有牛津、剑桥、索尔兹伯里和温彻斯特那么美丽，那些地方有优雅时代的美好遗迹；虽然不时还是可以看到许多美的东西，但只能在美国人没有存心创造美的地方。

在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。

美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。

☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。

在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。

在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。

在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。

没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。

☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。

许多人以为美国人常说的“I guess”（“我猜”）纯粹是一种美国式表达，但约翰∙洛克在他的The understanding (《理解论》）中就用过这种说法，就像我们现在使用“I think”（“我想”）一样。

新人教版七年级上册英语听力理解默写-英译汉

新人教版七年级上册英语听力理解默写-英译汉本文档为新人教版七年级上册英语听力理解默写中文译文，旨在帮助学生提高英语听力能力和理解能力。

第一课：Hello1. Excuse me, are you a student? - 对不起，你是学生吗？2. Yes, I am. - 是的，我是。

3. What's your name? - 你叫什么名字？4. My name is Li Ming. - 我叫李明。

5. Nice to meet you. - 很高兴见到你。

6. Nice to meet you, too. - 我也很高兴见到你。

第二课：How old are you?1. How old are you? - 你多大了？2. I'm thirteen. - 我十三岁。

3. When is your birthday? - 你的生日是什么时候？4. My birthday is on July 1st. - 我的生日是七月一日。

5. What grade are you in? - 你在几年级？6. I'm in Grade7. - 我在七年级。

（以下类似，根据教材内容逐课进行补充）第三课：This is my sister.第四课：Where are you from?第五课：Nice to meet you.第六课：How tall are you?第七课：What's this in English?第八课：What's that in English?第九课：Can you spell it?第十课：What color is it?第十一课：What time is it?第十二课：I like music.结束语以上是新人教版七年级上册英语听力理解默写的英译汉课文内容。

通过认真听力训练和默写理解，学生可以提高英语听力和词汇掌握能力，更好地学习和运用英语。

第4届韩素音青年翻译比赛英译汉原文及参考译文

The BlanketFloyd DellPetey hadn’t really believed that Dad would be doing it—sending Granddad away. “Away” was what they were calling it. Not until now could he believe it of Dad.But here was the blanket that Dad had that day bought for him, and in the morning he’d be going away. And this was the last evening they’d be having together. Dad was off seeing that girl he was to marry. He’d not be back till late, and they could sit up and talk.It was a fine September night, with a silver moon riding high over the gully. When they’d washed up the supper dishes they went out on the shanty porch, the old man and the bit of a boy, taking their chairs. “I’ll get me fiddle,” said the old man, “and play ye some of the old tunes.” But instead of the fiddle he brought out the blanket. It was a big, double blanket, red, with black cross stripes.“Now, isn’t that a fine blanket!” said the old man, smoothing it over his knees. “And isn’t your father a kind man to be giving the old fellow a blanket like that to go away with? It cost something, it did—look at the wool of it! And warm it will be these cold winter nights to come. There’ll be few blankets there the equal of this one!”It was like Granddad to be saying that. He was trying to make it easier. He’d pretended all along it was he that wanting to go away to the great brick building—the government place, where he’d be with so many other old fellows having the best of everything.... But Petey hadn’t believed Dad would really do it, until this night when he brought home the blanket.“Oh, yes, it’s a fine blanket,” said Petey, and got up and went into the shanty. He wasn’t the kind to cry, and, besides, he was too old for that, being eleven. He’d just come in to fetch Granddad’s fiddle.The blanket slid to the floor as the old man took the fiddle and stood up. It was the last night they’d be having together. There wasn’t any need to say, “Play all the old tunes.” Granddad tuned up for a minute, and then said, “This is one you’ll like to remember.”The silver moon was high overhead, and there was a gentle breeze playing down the gully. He’d never be hearing Granddad play like this again. It was as well Dad was moving into that new house, away from here. He’d not want, Petey wouldn’t, to sit here on the old porch of fine evenings, with Granddad gone.The tune changed. “Here’s something gayer.” Petey sat and stared out over the gully. Dad would marry that girl. Yes, that girl who’d kissed him and slobbered over him, saying she’d try to be agood mother to him, and all.... His chair creaked as he involuntarily gave his body a painful twist.The tune stopped suddenly, and Granddad said: “It’s a poor tune, except to be dancing to.” And then: “It’s a fine girl your father’s going to marry. He’ll be feeling young again, with a pretty wife like that. And what would an old fellow like me be doing around their house, getting in the way, an old nuisance, what with my talk of aches and pains! And then there’ll be babies coming, and I’d not want to be there to hear them crying at all hours. It’s best that I take myself off, like I’m doing. One more tune or two, and then we’ll be going to bed to get some sleep against the morning, when I’ll pack up my fine blanket and take my leave. Listen to this, will you? It’s a bit sad, but a fine tune for a night like this.”They didn’t hear the two people coming down the gully path, Dad and the pretty girl with the hard, bright face like a china doll’s. but they heard her laugh, right by the porch, and the tune stopped on a wrong, high, startled note. Dad didn’t say anything, but the girl came forward and spoke to Granddad prettily: “I’ll not be seeing you leave in the morning, so I came over to say good-by.”“It’s kind of you,” said Granddad, with his eyes cast down; and then, seeing the blanket at his feet, he stopped to pick it up. “Andwill you look at this,” he said in embarrassment, “the fine blanket my son has given me to go away with!”“Yes,” she said, “it’s a fine blanket.” She felt of the wool, and repeated in surprise, “A fine blanket—I’ll say it is!” She turned to Dad, and said to him coldly, “it cost something, that.”He cleared his throat, and said defensively, “I wanted him to have the best...”The girl stood there, still intent on the blanket. “It’s double, too,” she said reproachfully to Dad.“Yes,” said Granddad, “it’s double—a fine blanket for an old fellow to be going away with.”The boy went abruptly into the shanty. He was looking for something. He could hear that girl reproaching Dad, and Dad becoming angry in his slow way. And now she was suddenly going away in a huff.... As Petey came out, she turned and called back, “All the same, he doesn’t need a double blanket!” And she ran up the gully path.Dad was looking after her uncertainly.“Oh, she’s right,” said the boy coldly. “Here, Dad”—and he held out a pair of scissors. “Cut the blanket in two.”Both of them stared at the boy, startled. “Cut it in two, I tell you, Dad!” he cried out. “And keep the other half!”“That’s not a bad idea,” said Granddad gently. “I don’t need so much of a blanket.”“Yes,” said the boy harshly, “a single blanket is enough for an old man when he’s sent away. We’ll save the other half, Dad; it will come in handy later.”“Now, what do you mean by that?” asked Dad.“I mean,” said the boy slowly,” that I’ll give it to you, Dad—when you’re old and I’m sending you—away.”There was a silence, and then Dad went over to Granddad and stood before him, not speaking. But Granddad understood, for he put out a hand and laid it on Dad’s shoulder. Petey was watching them. And he heard Granddad whisper, “It’s all right, son—I knew you didn’t mean it....” And then Petey cried.But it didn’t matter—because they were all three crying together.译文：一床双人毛毯（美）弗罗伊德•戴尔晴朗的九月的夜晚，银色的月光洒落在溪谷上。

文学翻译（汉译英）

文学翻译：1．《柳家大院》（节选）原文作者：老舍这两天我们大‎院里又透着热‎闹，出了人命。

事情可不能由‎这儿说起，得打头来。

先交代我自己‎吧。

我是个算命的‎先生，我也卖过酸枣‎、落花生什么的‎。

那可是先前的‎事了。

现在我在街上‎摆卦摊儿；好了呢，一天也抓弄三‎毛五毛的。

老伴儿早死啦‎，儿子拉洋车。

我们爷儿俩住‎着柳家大院的‎一间北房。

除了我这间北‎房，大院里还有二‎十多间房呢。

一共住着多少‎家子，谁说得清？住两间房的就‎不多，又搭上今儿个‎搬来，明儿个又搬来‎，我没那么好的‎记性。

大家见面，招呼声“吃了吗？”透着和气，不说呢，也没什么。

大家一天到晚‎为嘴奔命，没有工夫扯闲‎盘儿。

爱说话的自然‎也有。

可得先吃饱啦‎。

王家住两间房‎。

老王和我算是‎柳家大院最“文明”的人了。

“文明”是三孙子。

2．《柳家大院》（节选）译文A pretty‎kick-up has been the order of the day again in our compou‎n d lately‎, for a life has been lost.But‎this‎isn’t‎the‎way‎to‎open‎the‎ball‎. We should‎go the whole animal‎.First , a few words about myself‎.I’m‎a‎fortun‎e-teller‎. Once I was a vender‎of sour dates , ground‎-nuts and what not. But that was ages ago. Now I keep a fortun‎e-teller‎’s‎stall‎on‎the‎side-walk and can scrape‎up three or five dimes a day at best. My old gal had long kicked‎up her heels. My‎son’s‎a‎ricksh‎a w-boy. That’s‎what‎he’s. We two , father‎and son , hang our hats at a south-facing‎room in the Liu’s‎compou‎n d.Beside‎s the room we occupy‎there are twenty‎more rooms in the same compou‎n d. How many famili‎e s live there , only God knows. Those who occupy‎two rooms are quite few. Beside‎s , they are always‎on‎the‎go.‎I‎haven’t‎got‎such‎a‎good‎memor y‎as to rememb‎e r all that. When people‎meet , they‎greet‎each‎other‎with‎a‎“How‎do‎you‎do‎?”, just to show their good neighb‎o urly feelin‎g s. But if they should‎cut each other dead , nobody‎would care. When‎one’s‎knocke‎d about from pillar‎to post for his bread day in and day out , he‎won’t‎find‎ginger‎enough‎for gas and gaiter‎s. Of course‎, there’s‎those‎who‎are‎all‎jaw‎like‎a‎sheep’s‎head‎among‎us. But one can hardly‎be in a mood for rag-chewin‎g‎when‎one’s‎guts‎cry‎cupboa‎r d .The Wang family‎occupi‎e s two rooms. Old Wang and I are consid‎e red the gentee‎l fork in the compou‎n d. Gentil‎i ty be hanged‎!注释：kick-up：有了问题，出了毛病open the ball：作为开头what not：诸如此类的东‎西old gal：（口）老伴kicked‎up‎one’s‎heels‎：(俚) 死ricksh‎a w ：人力车，黄包车hang‎one’s‎hats‎on:指望，依靠on the go：（口）忙个不停cut sb. dead：不理睬某人knock about ：（口）漂泊，游荡from pillar‎to post ：四处奔走着，到处碰壁地，for his bread (俚) ＝for his moneyday in and day out ：日复一日，每天不间断地‎ginger‎：（口）精力，活力，劲头gas ：（俚）令人非常满意‎（或愉快的）的事（或人）be‎all‎jaw‎(like‎a‎sheep’s‎head)‎：全是空话，废话连篇rag ：（俚）姑娘，情人（指女性）guts：（用作单）贪食者be hanged‎：（用于诅咒语中‎）不得好死3．原文言语风格‎分析老舍先生是善‎于运用群众的‎言语大师。

英译汉段落理解-教育发展(参考译文)

英译汉之段落理解一一教育发展（参考译文）Towards 2030: a new vision for education迈向2030：新的教育愿景Our vision is to transform lives through education, recognizing the important role of education as a main driver of development and in achieving the other proposed SDGs. We commit with a sense of urgency to a single, renewed education agenda that is holistic, ambitious and aspirational, leaving no one behind. It is inspired by a humanistic vision of education and development based on human rights and dignity; social justice; inclusion; protection; cultural, linguistic and ethnic diversity; and shared responsibility and accountability. We reaffirm that education is a public good, a fundamental human right and a basis for guaranteeing the realization of other rights. It is essential for peace, tolerance, human fulfilment and sustainable development. We recognize education as key to achieving full employment and poverty eradication. We will focus our efforts on access, equity and inclusion, quality and learning outcomes, within a lifelong learning approach.我们的愿景是通过教育改变生活，认识到教育作为发展的主要动力所发挥的重要作用，在实现其他拟议的可持续发展目标方面所扮演的重要角色。

专八经典翻译---汉译英篇

1）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。

译文：Before I fell ill,I had been the bully under roofs owing to my doting parents.(PS:“横行霸道”在此并无“任意欺凌他人”之意，而是“想干什么就干什么，为所欲为”，可用get everything my all own way或be the bully表达）（2）这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才译文：The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society（PS:“输送”在句中是一个模糊笼统的词，具体说来是指“培养出”。

“人才”也比较笼统，这里译为qualified graduates 是比较确切的。

）（3）他是个“墙头草”，谁硬就跟谁。

译文：He always sits on the fence and falls on the side of the stronger.(PS: "墙头草”是个比喻，与英语中的sit on the fence 含义一样。

为了译出其内在含义，译文选择了舍弃其表面意义。

）（4)这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。

译文：Thus,every place,with its own legends and tales,has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.(PS: 汉译英时，汉语中有些动词都可以用介词短语来表达，这样更形象。

）（5）面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛在一边，使自己的身心得以充分休息。

译文：When facing a pool of green water,you forget all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest,both mentally and physically.(PS: 英语代词比汉语代词种类多，用法更别多，汉译英时，注意增译出其隐含在句中的代词。

英语专业英译汉课件

Chinese-English Translation CourseUnit OneError Analysis:Part One On the test paperI. Choose the one which is proper and idiomatic .1. Our home, once full of laughters, now deafens us with its silence.译文A: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却充满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂。

译文B: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却十分安静。

2. There are few of us but admire his courage.译文A: 我们人人都佩服他的勇气。

译文B: 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气。

3. All cities did not look like as they do today.译文A: 在过去，城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律。

译文B: 过去，城市面貌与现在完全不同。

4. To starve oneself emotionally is a mistake.译文A: 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误。

译文B: 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误。

5.The boss‘s girl Friday called me.译文A: 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了。

译文B: 老板的女秘书打电话给我了6. Marriage bed is full of roses and thorns.译文A: 婚姻总是有苦有甜。

译文B: 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘。

7. I never go past that kindergarten but think of my happy childhood there.译文A: 每当我走过那所幼儿园，我就回想起在那里度过的幸福童年。

译文B: 尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园，但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年8. And soon over the whole surface of the marsh, a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air.译文A: 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着，盘旋着。

英译汉19-原文+译文-定稿

英译汉19：1.Betsy Holden was vice-president of strategy and new products at Kraft, a giant food company, when she became pregnant fbr the second time. "No one has ever done the job with two children," her male boss worried. "How many children do you have?,, Ms. Holden asked. "Two," he replied. This double standard is only one of the barriers that female executives face.2.Things are even more difficult for the vast majority of working mothers. Many work in smaller businesses, where maternity benefits and flexible hours are less likely to be available. Many are in low-paid jobs, or in sectors like health care and retailing, where it has been impossible to work remotely during the pandemic.3.There needs to be a lot more progress made in helping the vast majority of women to juggle their home and work lives, not least by providing affordable child care. (145 words)参考译文：贝特西•霍尔顿(Betsy Holden)第二次怀孕时，在食品公司巨头卡夫(Kraft)担任战略和新产品副总裁一职。

汉译英原文及参考译文

Traditionally, a Chinese knot must be bent, tied and crafted from a single red rope, to express the endless circle of happy life. That is the most important characteristic of Chinese Knot. By combining different knots or other auspicious adornments skillfully, a unique auspicious ornament, especially the redcolored which represents beauty, happiness and wishes, is formed.
三、史学方法
史学方法是任何历史研究工作者必须学习的课程，也是正确掌握历史研究的一种重要训练。它包括史学家使用的各种技术和准则，通过他们史学家用第一手资源和其他研究证据写出历史。在历史哲学中，合理的历史方法的性质甚至还有可能性等问题，被当作认识论问题提了出来。其追随者则以外部批评、内部批评和综合法为标题，对史学家在研究工作中常用的历史准则进行概括。（173）
四、中国结
中国结是一种古老的编织艺术。中国人自汉代就把中国结用作装饰。现在的人们仍然对传统中国结复杂的美和编织秘密感到不解。“结” 在中文的含义是团聚、友谊、温暖和结婚，等等。所以中国结也成为团聚、幸运、和谐和爱的象征。
制作传统的中国结必须用一根红绳弯曲、打结、编织，喻义是无穷无尽的幸福生活的循环。这是中国结最重要的特征。把不同的结和其它的吉祥饰物巧妙的结合在一起，就是一个独特的吉祥饰品，特别是代表美、幸福和愿望的红色。

英译汉English Character

to quite a large degree. For example, if you s ay that something is fairly old, you mean that it is old but not very old. 在很大程度上
Addition Repetition
译文：这有助于解释英国人看似奇怪的行为：在晴朗明媚的夏日清晨出门，手臂上却搭iable is the weather that by lunchtime it could be pouring. 译文：英国的天气是如此变化多端，以至于即使早晨天气晴朗，到了午饭十分，也有可能下起倾盆大雨。 Addition
The man in the street seems to be as accurate – or as inaccurate – as the weathermen in his predictions.
译文：大街上的人和天气预报员一样，对天气的预测时而精确时而失准。
This helps to explain the seemingly odd sight of an Englishman leaving home on a bright, sunny, summer morning with a raincoat slung over his arm and an umbrella in his hand.
“一衣带水”表示距离近时必须具备三个条件：一、说的必须是两个地方或国家二、二者之间必须隔着一条水三、二者之间的距离比较近
——首都师范大学教授：赵丕杰
It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. 译文：据说这与英国是一个与欧洲大陆分离的岛国有很大关系。 Free Translation

英汉翻译复习

英汉翻译复习英汉翻译复习I will build a motor car for the great multitude.我要造一种平民汽车。

It will be large enough for the family but small enough for the individual to run and care for.这种汽车，举家出游不嫌小，个人驾驶不嫌大，维护保养又方便。

It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise.它将使用最优良的材料，按照现代工程学最简洁的设计，由最优秀的工人建成。

But it will be so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one -- and enjoy with his family the blessing of hours of pleasure in God's great open spaces.但是这种汽车价格低廉，工薪阶层人人都能买上一辆，都能和家人一起，在上帝那辽阔的大地上纵情驰骋，尽享欢乐。

Illness comes on horseback and goes on foot.病来如骑快马，病去步履蹒跚。

病来如山倒，病去如抽丝。

He is said to be a rough diamond.人们说他是一块浑金璞玉。

Marriage, with peace, is this world’s paradise; with strife, this life’s purgatory.和睦的婚姻，是这个世界的乐园；对抗的婚姻，是这个人生的炼狱。

《英译汉教程》参考译文

第二部分练习参考译文Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。

（go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577）2. 趁你还年轻的时候，加油吧！/青春不再，趁早努力。

（go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉大词典》1993: 740）3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。

（could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435）4. 这次失败促使他成功。

（[the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918）5. 我盼望在最后一刻可以挽救和平。

（the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478）6.她对此事很了解。

（know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825）7. 她真是爱说话。

/她太喜欢说话了。

（ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学生用书”243页）8.无线电传来了该地区发现大油田的消息。

英译汉翻译历年真题及参考译文（4）

1997年英译汉试题及参考译⽂　Do animals have rights?This is how the question is usually put.It sounds like a useful，ground-clearing way to start.（71）Actually，it isnt，because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights，which is something the world does not have.　On one view of rights，to be sure，it necessarily follows that animals have none.72）Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.Therefore，animals cannot have rights.The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd，for exactly the same reason，so is the idea that tigers have ringhts.However，this is only one account，and by no means an uncontested one.It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance，to infants，the mentally incapable and future generations.In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it:how do you reply to somebody who saysI dont like this contract?　The point is this without agreement on the rights of people，arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.（73）It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans，or with no consideration at all.This is a false choice.Better to start with another，more fundamental question:is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?　Many deny it.（74）Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect，extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.　This view，which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood，may seem bravelylogical.In fact it is simply shallow:the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh others interests against one s own.This in turn requires sympathy and imagination:without which there is no capacity for moral thought.To see an animal in pain is enough，for most，to engage sympathy.（75）When that happens，it is not a mistake:it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action，an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 1997年英译汉试题参考译⽂动物有权⼒吗?问题通常就是这样提出的。

英译汉-翻译参考译文

练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。

这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。

☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。

那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。

美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。

这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。

要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。

在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。

美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。

所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。

在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。

美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。

☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。

在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。

在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。

在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。

没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。

☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。

英译汉Translation2

(1) It was not long before he died.译文过了不久，他就死了。

(2) It has been one year since I last smoked.译文一年前，我戒了烟。

/ 我戒烟已经一年了。

(3) This is well out of the line of traffic and it was three years before any ship sighted the castaways.译文这里远离航线，过了三年，过往船只才发现这群流落荒岛的人。

(4) You have to ask for his consultation before you make any decision.必须咨询他之后才能做出决定。

/做决定前，一定要咨询他的意见。

(1) Office area, staff only.译文办公区域，闲人免进。

(2) The villagers found themselves vulnerable（['vʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l]易受攻击的）to the process of industrialization.译文村民们发现自己无力抵挡工业化的进程。

(3) This problem is quite above me.译文这个问题难住了我。

/ 这个问题我不懂。

(1) By the time I reached Stanislau, all the people were gone, too.我抵达斯丹尼斯劳时，此地已经成为空城了。

(2) The new century is upon us.我们即将迎来新世纪。

(3)After three sips it was gone, but I could still feel its warmth and energy. 我啜吸三口就喝光了，不过咖啡的香浓温暖我却至今难忘。

(4)Being a writer had been far from my expectations; being a best-selling author was almost unfathomable（深不可测的；无底的；莫测高深的）.我根本没有料到过自己能成为一名作家，更不敢想象自己能成为一位畅销书作者。

英译汉7-句子翻译(1)长句处理

第四单元句子翻译第一节长句处理一、分译法分译即把一个句子中的某个句子成分，分出了另译为一个分句或句子。

所分出来的部分必须是一个意义完整的逻辑上的主谓结构。

例：A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented return to Paris.译文：他得了感冒，而且越来越重，只好回巴黎去了。

但对他的离去，没有人感到惋惜。

1、单词例1. The dust, the uproar and the growing dark threw everything into chaos.译文：烟尘滚滚，人声嘈杂，夜色愈深，一切都陷入混乱之中。

例2. A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle.译文：我离开那个单人掩体的速度之快，要是拍成电影的话，会像出膛的子弹一样。

例3. Alchemist made resultless efforts to transform one metal into another.译文：炼金术士企图把一种金属转变成另一种金属，这完全是徒劳的。

例4. With the fear of largely imaginary plots against his leadership, his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him.译文：由于担心有人阴谋推翻他的领导，他似乎完全丧失了自信心。

但所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己假想出来的。

2、词组例1. He pointed out the growing tension.译文：他指出，紧张局势日益加剧。

例2. Careful cyclists are in less danger than is commonly believed.译文：只要小心谨慎，骑摩托车并不像一般人想象的那样危险。

英译汉之词义理解-科学技术(参考译文)

英译汉之词义理解一一科学技术（参考译文）Using carrots to create concrete, turning wood into plastic, or even compressing it into a “super wood'' that is as light and strong as titanium might sound like a series of almost Frankensteinish experiments. Yet all three are among the latest examples of employing natural fibers from plants as eco-friendly additives or alternatives to man-made materials.用胡萝卜生产混凝土，把木头变成塑料，甚至把木头压缩成与钛一样乂轻乂结实的“超级木头”，这些听起来好似科学怪人弗兰肯斯坦捣鼓的一系列疯狂实验。

然而，这三个奇思妙想是用植物中的天然纤维做环保添加剂或人造材料替代品的最新尝试。

Materials-science researchers are finding that plant fibers can add durability and strength to substances already used in the construction of buildings and in goods that range from toys and furniture to cars and aircraft. A big bonus is that, because plants lock up carbon in their structure, using lheir fibres (o make things should mean less carbon dioxide is emitted. The production of concrete alone represents some 5% of man-made global CO2 emissions, and making 1 kg of plastic from oil produces 6 kg of the greenhouse gas.材料科学研究人员发现，通过添加植物纤维，可以增强现有建筑材料及玩具、家具、汽车、飞机等各种商品原材料的耐用性和强度。