考研英语完型填空第一讲解读
考研英语（一）完型填空真题解析
考研英语（一）完型填空真题解析2017考研英语(一)完型填空真题解析既然选择了远方，便只顾风雨兼程。
2017年考研已经落下了帷幕，以下是店铺搜索整理的关于2017考研英语(一)完型填空真题解析，供参考学习，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!从宏观而言，英语一考试难度整体而言与往年持平，沿袭以往保守的出题路线，甚至较往年相比，题目的难度还有所下降。
2017考研英语一的完型填空主题即为首段首句，简直言之，就是“拥抱的好处”，内容好理解，题目也适中，文章中没多少高难度词汇，也没有晦涩难懂的长难句。
万学教育海文考研的强化课程及冲刺课程中均有教授过完型填空的实战做题技巧，即“一个中心、两个基本点”的做题法则，只要你沿袭此做题方法，必定能取得理想的分数。
一个中心：一般完型填空每篇文章240-280个词，首段首句通常不设题目。
换句话说，首段首句即文章中心，这也是海文考研的老师给大家提示的做题心法之一。
那么这篇文章的首段首句为：“Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!”。
一个拥抱可以让医生远离我吗?答案是一个响亮的“yes!”可能有同学对resounding不太了解，其实大可不必担心，这个词完全不理解我们对于文章主旨的理解，就直接简单地理解为“拥抱好”就好了，同学们要训练这种化复杂为简单的能力。
两个基本点：英语知识运用不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，语言要素就是考查微观;而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨别能力等，这是考查宏观。
微观和宏观考查这就是完型的命题的两个基本点。
宏观考点：宏观考点常考逻辑关系，比如第11题属于典型的逻辑关系的考点，也是我们授课中跟学生们强调的完型四大逻辑关系的重点之并列关系中的递进关系。
若想判断这个空的答案，需要结合上下文方能确定。
考研英语完型填空第一讲PPT42页
谢谢！ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
考研英语完型填空第一讲
•
6、黄金时代是在我们的前面，而不在 我们的 后面。
•
7、心急吃不了热汤圆。
•
8、你可以很有个性，但某些时候请收 敛。
•
9、只为成功找方法，不为失败找借口 (蹩脚 的工人 总是说 工具不 好)。
•
10、只要下定决心克服恐惧，便几乎 能克服 任何恐 惧。因 为，请 记住， 除了在 脑海中 ，恐惧 无处藏 身。-- 戴尔． 卡耐基 。
21、要知道对好事的称颂过于夸大，也会招来人们的反感轻蔑和嫉妒。——培根 22、业精于勤，荒于嬉；行成于思，毁于随。——韩愈
23、一切节省，归根到底都归结为时间的节省。——马克思 24、意志命运往往背道而驰，决心到最后会全部推倒。——莎士比亚
考研英语 英语知识运用(完型填空)
•A. shape B. spirit C. balance D. taste
• 2）利用意思相反的选项排除干扰项
• 1. 实词与实词的搭配
• 例证
• BMI ____ body mass divided by the square of height.
• A. measures B. determines C. equals D. modifies
• 2. 实词与虚词的搭配
• 例证
• Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber-czar, offered the federal government a proposal to make the Web a safer place---a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled ___ one.
• 2）瞻前顾后，寻找答案。联系空格前后的信息寻找相 关线索，分清句子间和段落间的逻辑关系，利用已知信 息推出未知信息，一题一题地作答。
• 3）检查答案，纠错防漏。全部题目做完之后，应该从 头到尾再读一遍，核对答案正误。
• 了解答题步骤之后，掌握以下几个技巧能让考生解题时 事半功倍。
•技巧1 利用上下文语义关联答题
2024年度2024年考研英语一完形填空详解
Trend prediction
In the future, cloze tests may place more emphasis on assessing the comprehensive language proficiency of candidates, including the depth and breadth of vocabulary, accuracy and flexibility of grammar, and comprehension and mastery of discourse.
skills
Synonym analysis
2024/3/23
Distinguish the subtle differences between synonyms and choose appropriate vocabulary based on the context.
Application of antonyms
• Problem solving technique: First, read the entire text thoroughly to understand the main idea of the article; Analyze sentence by sentence and choose the best answer based on context and logical relationships; Finally, reread the entire text and check if the answers are reasonable.
2024/3/23
12
Common sentence structure recognition and conversion methods
2021考研英语一完形填空试题及答案解析
2021考研英语一完形填空试题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It 1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then 2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But 3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.One study found that muscle loss and the 4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the 5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or 6 this type of decline.The researchers looked at data that 7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and 8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people 9 higher measures of abdominal fat 10 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years 11 .For women, the association may be 12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be 13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different 15 for men and women.16 , there are steps you can 17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental 18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your 19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style 20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.1. [A] pauses [B] returns [C] peaks[D] fades2. [A] alternatively [B]formally [C]accidentally[D] generally3. [A] while [B] since [C] once[D] until4. [A] detection [B] accumulation [C] consumption[D] separation5. [A] possibility [B] decision [C] goal[D] requirement6. [A] delay [B] ensure [C] seek[D] utilize7. [A] modified [B] supported [C] included[D] predicted8. [A] devoted [B] compared [C] converted[D] applied9. [A] with [B] above [C] by[D] against10. [A] lived [B] managed [C] scored[D] played11. [A] ran out [B] set off [C] drew in[D] went by12. [A] superior [B] attributable [C] parallel[D] resistant13. [A] restored [B] isolated [C] involved[D] controlled14. [A] alter [B] spread [C] remove[D] explain15. [A] compensations [B] symptoms [C] demands[D] treatments16. [A] Likewise [B] Meanwhile [C] Therefore[D] Instead17. [A] change [B] watch [C] count[D] take18. [A] well-being [B] process [C] formation[D] coordination19. [A] level [B] love [C] knowledge[D] space20. [A] design [B] routine [C] diet[D] prescription1. 【答案】C（peaks）【解析】逻辑关系题。
2020考研英语(一)完型填空(英语知识应用)讲义
“英语知识运用”讲义（USE OF ENGLISH）一．考试要求英语知识应用主要考察考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。
本部分共20个小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约240-280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
注意：该部分不仅考察考生对于不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考察考生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性）的辨识能力。
二．考试概况1. 体裁：多为论说文2. 题材：社会话题3. 文章来源：外刊4.分值：10分5. 答题时间：小于20分钟6. 难度：较高三．命题原则1.第一句不出题。
2.答案平均分布3.胡萝卜加大棒。
四．三大考点（一）逻辑关系逻辑关系是英语知识运用考查的重点！主要考察句句之间的一致性和完整性。
例1Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, _______ others with a low BMI may be in poor shape.A.soB. whileC. sinceD. unless解析：本句考察两个句子之间的逻辑关系，Some people/othersHigh BMI/low BMIIn fact三个线索，指向本题答案。
（二）词义辨析例2This suggest that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is an _________ in not being too bright.A.tendencyB. advantageC. inclinationD. priority解析：a tendency for/ to do s.than advantage inan inclination fortake priority over s.th例3Negative attitudes toward obesity, grounded in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity ______. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign……A.discussionsB. businessC. policiesD. studies解析：我的医院禁止含糖饮料很多雇主开展减肥和健身活动米歇尔奥巴马发起……运动（三）固定搭配例4Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign _______ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.A.forB. againstC. withD. without解析：固定搭配+常识判断。
7考研英语完型填空第一讲PPT课件
❖C) inspiration D) intuition
4
❖The new secretary has written a remarkably (1) report. With a few hundred words, she incorporated all the required details.
值得注意的是，近年来，命题更加注重 词汇辨析和应用能力的考查，而相对淡化了 纯语法的考查。
Байду номын сангаас13
完型填空文章的结构特点
❖ 1，文章一般都有明确的中心主线
整个文章的中心主线包括鲜明的主题(FOCUS)，同 时文章往往又具有很强的导向性或者作者态度具有 倾向性；这个主题以及这种导向性或倾向性其实就 构成了完型文章的中心主线，成为从整体上把握完 型文章的关键点。
16
2）应用于文章中的段落结构
❖ 例如：1999年考研英语完型文章的第二段 ❖ "Successful safety programs may(45 differ) greatly in
7
❖ 第一部分 英语知识运用（use of English） 该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素
（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考查考 生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。共20 小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇280~320词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生 从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意 思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。
8
9
从命题形式分析命题思路
❖ 命题人员之所以将20个未知信息设置在大量的已知信息之中， 就是要求考生先对这些已知信息进行充分的把握和理解，通 过已知信息去破解未知信息。
2019考研英语一完型填空真题及答案解析
2019考研英语一完型填空真题及答案解析2019年考研英语一完型填空难吗？小编为大家提供2019考研英语一完型填空真题及答案解析，赶紧来看看吧！希望你选的答案都对！2019考研英语一完型填空真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phone___1___ of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones__2__on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize.__3__you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you __4__get lost without a phone or a compass, and you __4__can`t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate__5__to civilization, one of which is to follow the land.When you find yourself well__6__ a trail, but not in a completely __7__area, you have to answer two questions: Which __8__is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water.__9__, if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should __10__see signs of people.If you`ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights-you may be __11__how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another__12__:Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.__13__,even in dense forest, you should able to __14__gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and otherpaths people carve__15__ the woods. Head toward these __16__ to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for __17__ light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.__18__,assuming you`re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the __19__we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can __20__you to civilization.1. [A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All2. [A]put [B]take [C]run [D]come3. [A]Since [B]If [C]Though [D]Until4. [A]formally [B]relatively [C]gradually [D]literally5. [A]back [B]next [C]around [D]away6. [A]onto [B]off [C]across [D]alone7. [A]unattractive [B]uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar8. [A]site [B]point [C]way [D]place9. [A]So [B]Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides10. [A]immediately [B]intentionally [C]unexpectedly[D]eventually11. [A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused12. [A]problem [B]option [C]view [D]result13. [A]Above all [B]In contrast [C]On average [D]For example14. [A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]separate15. [A]from [B]through [C]beyond [D]under16. [A]posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks17. [A]artificial [B]mysterious [C]hidden [D]limited18. [A]Finally [B]Consequently [C]Incidentally [D]Generally19. [A]memories [B]marks [C]notes [D]belongings20. [A]restrict [B]adopt [C]lead [D]expose今年完形填空的难度系数很小，基本无生词，长难句也很少。
考研英语一完型填空详解及翻译
2016 InCambodia,,__1__thoseoftheyoungwoman,,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,,,eachfamilyinvestigatestheo thertomakesureitschildismarrying__6__agoodfamily.,'sandgroom'swrists,and__10__acandlearoundacircleofhappily marriedandrespectedcouplestobless?the__11__.?Newlywedstraditio nallymoveinwiththewife'sparentsandmay__12__withthemuptoayear,_ _13__theycanbuildanewhousenearby.Divorceislegalandeasyto__14__,'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanr emarry__20__thewomanmustwaittenmonths.在柬埔寨，伴侣的选择对于年轻男性来说是一个复杂的问题。
这不仅与他本人以及未来伴侣的父母朋友相关，而且与媒婆也有着千丝万缕的关系。
他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。
理论上来说，女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。
在选好自己的对象后，每个家庭都能会去调查对方家庭来确保他们的孩子嫁到好人家。
传统的婚礼是一段漫长，多姿多彩的过程。
从前会持续三天，但是到了20世纪80年代，一般会持续一天半。
佛教徒通常会做简短诵经，并为新人祈福。
仪式通常包括剪发，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸满圣水的棉绳，在幸福的、受人尊敬的夫妇中传递蜡烛来祈祷新人的结合。
通常情况下，新婚夫妇会到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他们在附近建一栋新房子为止。
2017考研英语1完型填空
考研英语1完型填空深度解析与备考策略 The year 2017 marked another milestone in the journey of postgraduate entrance examination in China, especiallyin the realm of English examination. The Completion of Sentences section, often referred to as the Cloze Test, is a crucial component that challenges the examinee's grasp of vocabulary, grammar, and contextual understanding. This article aims to delve into the intricacies of the 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English 1 Completion of Sentences section, offering insights into its content, structure, and key takeaways for future aspirants.**Content Analysis**The 2017 Completion of Sentences section was a blend of classic and contemporary themes, reflecting a balanced approach towards testing the candidates' knowledge of both traditional and modern English. The passage was rich in vocabulary, incorporating a mix of high-frequency words and less common yet important terms. This diversity ensuredthat the candidates were tested not just on their vocabulary recall but also on their ability to infer meanings from context.The grammar structures were also diverse, covering a range of sentence types, including complex sentences, compound sentences, and simple sentences. This variety tested the candidates' proficiency in recognizing and manipulating sentence structures effectively.**Key Takeaways**1. **Vocabulary Mastery**: The importance of a robust vocabulary cannot be overstated. Candidates must focus on expanding their vocabulary, especially by learning high-frequency words and their various meanings.2. **Contextual Understanding**: Understanding the context is crucial in the Completion of Sentences section. Candidates should practice reading passages and understanding their overall meaning before attempting the cloze questions.3.**Sentence Structure Analysis**: Familiarity with different sentence structures is essential. Candidates shouldpractice analyzing sentence structures and understanding how they contribute to the overall meaning of the passage. **Preparation Strategies**1. **Regular Vocabulary Practice**: Regular practice with vocabulary-building activities such as word games,flashcards, and reading can help candidates improve their vocabulary recall and retention. 2. **Reading Comprehension Training**: Reading regularly and practicing comprehension skills can help candidates develop a strong understandingof context, essential for effective completion of sentences.3. **Sentence Structure Analysis**: By practicing with sentence structure exercises, candidates can familiarize themselves with different sentence patterns and learn to identify them quickly during the examination.**Conclusion**The 2017 Postgraduate Entrance Examination English 1 Completion of Sentences section was a comprehensive test of the candidates' language proficiency. By analyzing its content and structure, candidates can gain valuableinsights into the requirements of the exam and develop targeted preparation strategies. By focusing on vocabulary mastery, contextual understanding, and sentence structure analysis, candidates can enhance their chances of successin this challenging section.**考研英语1完型填空深度解析与备考策略**2017年对于中国的考研旅程而言是一个里程碑式的年份，尤其是在英语考试方面。
考研英语完形填空深度解析最新PPT课件
[A] for
[B] against
[C] with
[D] on
短语搭配：
（2010年英语二完形） But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people
（二）完型填空题型解析
1. 完型填空的命题思路分析
完型填空的命题形式 ? 完型填空的基本命题形式是给考生一篇短文（按照新大纲的
规定在240-280字左右），出题者有目的地在每隔一定数量 的词语后去除一处词语，形成总共20处词语空缺，然后在相 应的空缺处设置（包括三个干扰项在内）的四个备选答案， 需要考生从四选中选出一个最佳（the best）的答案。
____20____infants and healthy young people.
[A] involved in
[B] caring for
[C] concerned with
[D] warding off
3）逻辑关系：
? ① 大纲规定“从上下文的角度来考虑”以及“运用逻 辑关系推理”
? ② 可以帮助理解文章，推测选项； ? 复习方法：首先，理解五大逻辑关系的核心特征；
[A] inflating [B] expanding
[C] increasing [D] extending
形容词辨析：
{2005年完形} Some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate __10__ smell receptors in the nose.
考研英语完型填空讲义
的核心中心主线所包含的信息中去查找： 例题：2002 年考研英语完型试题的 21 题
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not ( 22 ) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic ( 23 ) , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the ( 24 ) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution ( 25 ) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading ( 26 ) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures ( 27 ) the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in ( 28 ) . It is important to do so.
考研英语完型填空第一讲解读
完型填空
宋铁民
Example Given the intensified situation in that region, the company cannot tackle the current____ difficulty. A. economic B. economical C. financial D. economics
根据完型填空的命题思路，完型主要考查考生的两 大方面的能力：阅读理解能力以及在阅读理解基础 上的英语知识(主要包括语法和词汇)运用的能力。
阅读理解能力 ： 对上下文/句子之间关系的把握和理解 对句子内部结构和意义的把握和理解
英语知识运用的能力： 语法(占20% - 30%左右) 固定习语(占10%左右) 词汇的辨析和使用(占60% -70%左右) 值得注意的是，近年来，命题更加注重 词汇辨析和应用能力的考查，而相对淡化了 纯语法的考查。
完型填空文章的题材特点
下面是从1994年到现在的历年完型文章的选材分析： 1994年-词的使用(the choice of words) 1995年-睡眠(sleep) 1996年-维生素(vitamins) 1997年-人力资源公司与临时就业 (Manpower Inc. and temporary employment) 1998年-工业革命 (Industrial Revolution) 1999年-工业安全 (industrial safety) 2000年-农民的生产与消费 (a famer’s consumption revolution) 2001年-买通证人问题 (witness payments) 2002年-通讯革命 (the communication revolution) 2003年-青少年与变化 (young adults and changes) 2004年-青少年犯罪的原因 (the causes of juvenile delinquency) 2005年－人的鼻子 (the human nose) 2006年－流浪者问题 (the problem of homeless )
【备考】考研英语完型填空讲义
考研英语完型填空讲义（一）四分原则1、利用“红花绿叶“原则：红花词（必选的词）：however、although、yet、because做好的方法是：先选择再检查绿叶词（必不选的词）：since、ever since从那时到现在、now that、what；虚拟语气系列词：in case万一、lest、if only(=I wish)、or else；与“关于”意义有关的词：about、as to、with regard to、with/in reference to2、答案分布的规律：⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间；⑵、A作为正确选项的个数最多；⑶、没有连续三个答案都一样的情况（查检），连续两个答案都一样的情况为0—3个；相邻答案彼此都不一样的概率为17-20(即相邻答案几乎不一样).⑷、在五个一组的答案中，最少要出现三个字母作为正确的选项，在每组接缝处没有连续两个答案都一样的情况；Eg.P48 2002年 21、29、31、35P52 2004年22、25、40、P56 2006年 7、18(so跟thus同意，选Ｃas)P60 大纲样题4、８3、完形填空文章特点：⑴、文章字数：240—280之间；⑵、首段首句不出题，是主旨句（2001年除外），除首句外基本每句话都要出题；⑶、总分结构进行到底；⑷、每篇文章都有明确的主题和作者态度；⑸、逻辑关系非常明确：※五大逻辑关系：（按照考核频度排序）①对立关系（包括：转折、让步及其他）；②因果关系；③并列关系；④总分关系⑤递进关系。
（二）四分到七分技巧１.同义原则２.逻辑关系原则３.表语原则４.复现原则５.杀熟原则１、同义原则：(每年考４到７个)⑴、在四个选项中，有两个实词（动、名、形、副）互为同义词时，答案往往在其中；⑵、在四个选项中，有两个虚词（介、连、感叹）互为同义词时，答案往往都不选；⑶、当四个选项有一个共同意义时，该意义往往不能入选，要看选项的特殊含义。
考研英语完形填空大纲解析及考点分析带近9年真题和答案
考研英语二完形填空第一讲大纲解析及考点分析第一部分英语知识运用考试大纲对“完形填空”题型的说明（英语一）该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。
共20 小题，每小题 0.5 分，共 10 分。
在一篇 240~280 词的文章中留出 20 个空白，要求考生从每题给出的 4 个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
（英语二）主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。
共 20 小题，每小题 0.5分，共 10 分。
在一篇约 350 词的文章中留出 20 个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4 个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
英语知识运用考试要求：不同语境中规范的语言要素，包括词汇、表达方式和结构的掌握程度；对语段特征，如连贯性和一致性等的辨识能力；意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整英语知识运用：词汇知识、语法知识考试大纲对“词汇知识”的要求：考生应能掌握 5500 左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录 1、2)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。
考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。
考试大纲中的“附表内容”2考试大纲对“语法知识”的要求英语（一）考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
考研 英语 强化班 完型填空 第一讲
完形填空篇一、考情分析1) 题型概述考研英语知识运用部分采用完型填空的题型，即Cloze Test。
Cloze一词来源于Closure。
Closure为西方完型心理学的核心内容，是指读者通过对一些不完全的视觉几何图形的认识和构思来获得完整概念的过程。
因此，Cloze题型就是把一段文章的若干个单词略去，留出一些空白，让应试者增补上去，以达到考查考生对文章的阅读理解和语言知识应用的能力。
考研英语的完型填空一般命题形式是：给考生一篇语句连贯的短文(2001年改革之前文章长约180-200词，2001年到2011年文章长度为240-280词)，出题者遵循一定的规律在每隔4-15个词语之间挖掉一个词语，形成总共20处词语的空缺（01年之前为10个空缺），然后在相应的空缺处设置包括三个干扰项在内的四个备选答案，供考生选择。
每题0.5分，共计10分。
全国平均分为3~4分，保6争7，蒙8、9。
建议考试时间分配为20分钟。
2）考点分布λ按题型词义辨析题占到60%左右；固定搭配题占到20%左右；语法题占到约20%左右。
λ按词性形容词和副词（２４％）、动词（２０％）、名词（１６％）、连词（１６％）、代词（１０％）、介词（１０％）二、考研真经从历年考研文章和大纲样题中，分门别类归纳出9篇比较典型、比较能反映命题者出题思路、能够覆盖绝大部分基础词汇和高频核心词汇的文章，汇为“真经”，并通过“白氏独孤九剑”加以解决。
TEST 1（科普）Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she’s worried about what she calls “my rolling mental blackouts.” “I try to remember something and I just blank out，” she says.You may 22 about these lapses，calling them“senior moments” or blaming “early Alzheimer’s（老年痴呆症）．” Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age-related．“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，” says Paul Gold．“A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．” In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades．In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as27 as many of us think．“As we 28，the memory mechanism isn’t29 ，” says psychologist Fergus Craik．“It’s just inefficient．”The brain’s processing30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31 . Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there’s less activity in the brain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，“It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athlete is winded more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.”There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 37 effort．Margaret Sewell says：“We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain 39 shape．It’s like having a good body．You can’t go to the gym once a year40 expect to stay in top form.”。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2）应用于文章中的段落结构
例如：1999年考研英语完型文章的第二段 "Successful safety programs may(45 differ) greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (46 observing) rules or regulations. (47 Still) others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained." 本段的结构就是标准的总分对照型：
The
(1) of knowledge is largely through diligence, which seems to be ignored by many college students. A. study B. learning C. acquisition D. controlling
第二步：按段精读、按段理解、按段分析，按段做题(因为 段本身就是相对独立的意群，以段为单位，其实是缩小了考 生的对立面)； 第三步：做完20个空后，再进行整篇通读(REVIEW)；
通用性的解题方法
1，排除法 例如：2001年试题的第35题 "bill that will propose making payments to witnesses(34 illegal) and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case" ［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］ peculiarity 答案:［A］publicity 分析:此题可以应用"无关词排除法"。本题所考查的名 词处于这样一个句子结构中：作为control的宾语；后边还 受到一个定语从句的限制。根据文章的主题，可以发现3个 选项［B］penalty(惩罚)、［C］popularity(流行度)、［D］ peculiarity(古怪度)与文章的主题根本无关，政府不可能去 控制这些东西。政府要控制的是选项［A］publicity(公开 度 )。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
第一部分 英语知识运用（use of English） 该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素 （包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考查考 生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。共20 小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。 在一篇280~320词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生 从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意 思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。
（二）语言技能① 1. 阅读 考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量 不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关 的文献、技术说明和产品介绍等。对所读材料，考生应能：
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 理解主旨要义； 理解文中的具体信息； 理解文中的概念性含义； 进行有关的判断、推理和引申； 根据上下文推测生词的词义； 理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系； 理解作者的意图、观点或态度； 区分论点和论据。
It
is no (2) that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol. According to the latest statistics, every year, in New York alone, murders due to alcohol abuse… A) coincidence B) occurrence C) inspiration D) intuition
从命题形式分析命题思路
命题人员之所以将20个未知信息设置在大量的已知信息之中， 就是要求考生先对这些已知信息进行充分的把握和理解，通 过已知信息去破解未知信息。
"完型填空主要测试考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言 运用能力，即在阅读理解基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知 识的运用能力“ ------(教育部考试中心《全国硕士研究生入学考试分 析》)。
1997年以前的完型考题基本上选科普类题材， 1997年之后直到2004年全部是有关社会类题材， 虽然最近在05年又出现了一次科普题材，但从总体 上看来选择社会类题材仍然应该是以后完型文章的 基本趋势。
建议同学们平时扩大阅读量和阅读视野，积累必要 的相关知识储备。
完型填空文章的难度特点
完型自2001年开始采用20道题的新题型之后，随着文章长 度的增加(从以前的150-180字增加到240-280字)，应该说文 章的阅读难度总体上也在增加。文章阅读难度的增加并非通 过使用了难、偏的词汇，实际上完型文章不会涉及到太难、 太偏的词汇，而是通过在文章中增加复杂句。
硕士研究生统一入学考试英语考试
完型填空
宋铁民
Example Given the intensified situation in that region, the company cannot tackle the current____ difficulty. A. economic B. economical C. financial D. economics
The
new secretary has written a remarkably (1) report. With a few hundred words, she incorporated all the required details. A) concise B) brisk C) precise D) elaborate
完型填空文章的题材特点
下面是从1994年到现在的历年完型文章的选材分析： 1994年-词的使用(the choice of words) 1995年-睡眠(sleep) 1996年-维生素(vitamins) 1997年-人力资源公司与临时就业 (Manpower Inc. and temporary employment) 1998年-工业革命 (Industrial Revolution) 1999年-工业安全 (industrial safety) 2000年-农民的生产与消费 (a famer’s consumption revolution) 2001年-买通证人问题 (witness payments) 2002年-通讯革命 (the communication revolution) 2003年-青少年与变化 (young adults and changes) 2004年-青少年犯罪的原因 (the causes of juvenile delinquency) 2005年－人的鼻子 (the human nose) 2006年－流浪者问题 (the problem of homeless )
大纲要求和考试形式
考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能： （一）语言知识 1. 语法知识 考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。 本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用 听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能 更准确、自如地运用语法知识。 2. 词汇 考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。 此外，硕士研究入学英语考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。考虑到 交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握涉及个人好恶、生活习惯、宗教信仰， 以及本人工作或专业等方面的特殊词汇。
3）应用于段落中意群的结构
例如：2000年考研英语完型文章中的一个意群 "If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be(47 self-sufficient) . He must either sell some of his property or (48 seek) extra funds in form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low (49 rate) of interest, but loans of this kind are not (50 frequently) obtainable." 该篇文章在这里进入一个新的意群(该文章在此之前都 在讲述农民如果有赢余会如何)，这个意群也采用了经典的 总分对照结构：
根据完型填空的命题思路，完型主要考查考生的两 大方面的能力：阅读理解能力以及在阅读理解基础 上的英语知识(主要包括语法和词汇)运用的能力。
阅读理解能力 ： 对上下文/句子之间关系的把握和理解 对句子内部结构和意义的把握和理解
英语知识运用的能力： 语法(占20% - 30%左右) 固定习语(占10%左右) 词汇的辨析和使用(占60% -70%左右) 值得注意的是，近年来，命题更加注重 词汇辨析和应用能力的考查，而相对淡化了 纯语法的考查。
通过增加复杂句的使用是今后完型增加阅读难度的一个基 本趋势，分析历年来的试题可以明显看出此种趋势。例如： 1994年试题，共7句组成，其中4句为简单句； 2001年试题，共9句组成，其中7句为复杂句，5个复杂 句到各自成段； 2003年试题，共11句组成，全部为复杂句；例如，原 文中出现了下面这种相当复杂的句子，而且在一个复杂句中 出了3道题： However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many studentwritten book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.