虚拟语气
虚拟语气的常见用法和形式
虚拟语气的常见用法和形式虚拟语气是用来表达非真实、未实现或假设情况的一种语法形式。
在中文和英语中都存在虚拟语气，但在两种语言中的使用方式和形式略有不同。
本文将介绍虚拟语气在英语中的常见用法和形式。
一、陈述虚拟语气1. 表达过去的虚拟虚拟语气的过去形式常用于表示与现实情况相反的假设或可能性，常用动词包括"be"、"have"、"were"等。
例如：- If I were you, I would apologize to her.- I wish I had studied harder for the exam.2. 表达现在的虚拟现在虚拟语气用于表达与现实情况相反或不确定的假设，常用动词包括"be"、"suggest"、"recommend"等。
例如：- It's about time she got a promotion.- I suggest that he be more careful next time.3. 表达将来的虚拟将来虚拟语气用于表达与现实情况相反或不可能实现的假设，常用动词包括"should"、"were to"等。
例如：- If I should win the lottery, I would buy a big house.- If it were to rain, the event would be canceled.二、命令虚拟语气当表示一种命令、建议或要求时，常使用虚拟语气来显得客气或委婉。
例如：- I suggest that you arrive on time for the meeting.- It's important that he be there for the ceremony.三、愿望虚拟语气愿望虚拟语气用于表达对过去、现在或将来的愿望、期望或希望。
虚拟语气用法总结
概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这 种形式称为语气。语气分三种： 1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有 肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。
He is late for class. What fun!
He is not interested in classical music. 2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告 等（动词常用原形） Don’t be late！ 3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假 设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
2.If I were you, I would accept his advice. Were I you,……
3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
Should it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,
（或用could have done） 与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do/be
I wish (that)he_w_o_u_ld_/_c_ou_l_d_/m__ig_h_t v_i_si(tvisit) us tomorrow.
I wish (that) he__v_i_si_te_d___(visit)us today. I wish he_h_a_d_v_i_si_t_ed__u_s/_c_o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e_v_is_i_te_d__u_s (visit) us yIfeosntelyrdyaoyu. __h_a_d_li_s_te_n_e_d___ （listen)to our advice!
虚拟语气大全
3. 含有were, had, should, could 的从句 省略if法 If I had a lot of money,
Had I a lot of money, If I would buy I could do this it, house. 如果我能做这件事情，我一定会做的。 Could do it, I would surely do it. IfI the Black Death should reappear , 万一黑死病再次出现，我们该怎么办？ Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?
有一些动词(表建议，命令，请求，要求)后 的从句
Ask, command, decide, demand, desire(希 望), insist, move（动议）, order, direct(命令), propose, request, recommend(推荐，建议), suggest, urge(敦促), rule(裁定)…. 特别是说明：由这些动词演变过来的形容词和 名词后的从句的动词与这些动词后的从句谓语 动词用法一样。比如suggest 和suggestion 后的从句的动词都应该用（should） 动词原 型。
句型：it is + 一系列形容词和名词 + that …
-
一系列形容词和名词: important, desirable, necessary, essential, imperative, vital, natural, strange, incredible, my wish, a pity It is natural that mothers should love their children It is natural that mothers love their children (其中should可以省略)
虚拟语气讲解
What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank? (01 上海) A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
C
二、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 （1）用于宾语从句 １、wish 后面的宾语从句中。 一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓 语动词形式为：
表现在
表过去
过去时
过去完成时
表将来 would, might, could＋动词原形 I wish (that) I were a bird.
I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would\could go.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来
表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一 种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步 状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、 命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位 语从句)。
虚拟语气在 在条件从句中
虚拟条件句
与现在 事实相 反的假 设 与过去 相反的 假设 与将来 相反的 假设
2. 在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的 虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。 常见的动词有: 一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose; 四项要求demand, request, require, ask; 另外还有prefer
虚拟语气
1.过去式 过去式 would/could/should 将来 2. should+ V.(原) 原 /might +V.(原) 原 3. were to do
4. It’s (about/high) time +that
过去时(did/were) 过去时 Should(不省) +V.
你该走了。 你该走了。
It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go.
我们该去
It’s time that we went to bed.
★
现在： 现在：过去时 3. as if /though + 从句 过去： 过去： 过去完成时
★ ★
She loves the baby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had
happened yesterday.
3) What ____ last night if you ____ to do your B washing? A. would you do, hadn’t had B. would you have done, hadn’t had C. would you do, didn’t have D. would you have done, didn’t have 4) If I had hurried, the train ____ . D A. would catch C. had caught B. would have caught D. would have been caught
8种虚拟语气
虚拟语气八种虚拟结构:1、在含有表建议、命令、要求、请求、决定、义务等语气的句中借助should(可省略)使用虚拟语气。
1) 动词后的宾语从句2) 名词后的表语从句3) 名词后的同位语从句4) it +be +v-ed that 后的从句5) It +be +形容词+ that后的从句• she suggested that we (should) set off early the next day•My advice is that more trees should be planted in our school.•They won’t accept the suggestion that we should cut all the trees.•It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away.•It is essential（绝对必要的）that he ( should ) your home work first.常见用虚拟语气的词语：1）动词：command, demand, desire（希望）, insis t（坚持）, order, propose（提议）, recommend （推荐）, request（要求）, require（要求）, sugges t（建议）2). 分词：It is proposed that …(人们建议……) It is desired that … (最好、需要……) ,It is requested that … (人们要求……)It is suggested that … (有人建议……) ,It is recommended that …(有人推荐……)It is demanded that …(根据要求……) ,It is decided that …(已经决定……)It is arranged that … (已经安排……) 等等。
虚拟语气英语知识点总结
虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。
二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If + 主语+ 动词的过去式（be动词一般用were）），主句（主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形）。
- 例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
实际上我不是你）2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If+主语+had+过去分词），主句（主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词）。
- 例如：If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.（如果他听了我的建议，他就会通过考试了。
实际上他没听建议，也没通过考试）3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形），主句（主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形）。
- 例如：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会待在家里。
明天是否下雨还不确定，但这是一种假设情况）- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.（如果他明天来，我就会告诉他这个消息）- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.（如果我明天见到她，我就会把书给她）三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
1. wish后的宾语从句。
- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去式（be动词用were）。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气
何为虚拟语气？
• 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的 一种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、建议等含 义，它所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 如： • If I were you, I‘d take them away.如果我是 你的话，我就会带走他们。 • He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.他建议说我们班应 该分为五个小组。
虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法
• •
• • •
A 在条件状语从句中的用法：虚拟语气在表示条件的状语从句中的使用最常见。
表示与现在事实相反的假设：若表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件从句用一般过去时， 主句中用“would/should/might+动词原形”的形式：If my brother were here, everything would be all right.要是我哥哥在这，一切都没有问题了。 表示与过去事实相反的假设：若表示与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中用过去完 成时，主句中用谓语动词“should/would/could/might +have done”的形式:If I had set off a little earlier, I would have caught the train. 表示与将来事实相反的假设：若表示与将来事实的假设，条件状语从句中用一般过去时、 should+动词原形或were to+原形，主句中谓语动词用should/would/could/might+动词原形的形式： If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。 错综时间条件句：错综时间条件句指条件状语从句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，即条 件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或条件从句表示与现在事实相反，主句表 示真实情况：If he had set out earlier, he would be home tomorrow.如果他早点出发的话，现在就 已经到家了。 含蓄条件句：有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通 过其他手段如介词（短语）with ,without ,but for,副词otherwise,或其他从句来表示虚拟语气的条件： What should I do with a million dollars? 如果你有一百万美元，你会怎么做？ We could not have finished the work ahead of time without your help.如果没有你的帮助，我们不会提前完成任务。 But for the rain, we could have held the sport meet.如果不是下雨的话，我们就开运动会了。
十大虚拟语气词
十大虚拟语气词一、insist1、含义：vt. 坚持；坚决主张，vi. 坚持；强调。
2、用法insist的基本意思是“坚持”，常用于坚持意见、看法、主张等。
insist既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。
作及物动词时,不能用名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，只能接that引导的从句。
若指尚未发生的动作，从句谓语常用虚拟语气(should+动词原形或直接用动词原形)；若表示一个已发生的动作或已存在的状态时，从句谓语多用陈述语气。
that有时可以省略。
insist用作不及物动词时，其后常须加介词on〔upon〕,然后接名词、代词或动名词。
该动名词前可加物主代词或名词、人称代词的宾格形式作其逻辑主语，该动名词的否定形式是在其前直接加not。
He insisted that he had done right.他坚决认为自己做对了。
They insist that I stay there for supper.他们坚决要求让我留下吃晚饭。
二、command1、含义：n. 命令；指挥；掌握；[计算机] DOS命令: 引用辅助命令处理器，v. 命令；指挥；掌握；博得。
2、用法command用作动词是正式用语，表示“命令，要求”时，一般不用作进行时；其后可接名词或代词作宾语，接带动词不定式的复合结构和that从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟式，即“(should＋)动词原形”。
command在书面语体中可以引出直接引语，作“命令道”或“用命令的口气说道”解。
He growled a command to her to stop.他咆哮着命令她停下来。
The company commander roared his command.连长高声发布命令。
三、suggest1、含义：vt. 建议；暗示；使想起；表明；要求。
2、用法suggest的基本意思是“建议”“提议”，还可表示“暗示，表明”“使想起”等。
suggest作“建议”“提议”解后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式; 作“表明，暗示”“使想起”等解时，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述式。
英语虚拟语气的三种时态
英语虚拟语气的三种时态三种时态中的英语虚拟语气虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语语法中的一种特殊形式，用来表达与事实相反、与现实不符合或带有假设、建议、命令等语气的情况。
在英语中，虚拟语气可用于过去、现在和将来三种时态。
本文将详细介绍英语虚拟语气在这三种时态中的应用。
一、过去式虚拟语气（Past Subjunctive）过去式虚拟语气用于对过去发生的事情进行虚拟表达。
它通常与“if”或“wish”等引导的从句连用，表示对过去事实的非真实假设或对过去的遗憾、愿望等。
用法如下：1. 与现在事实相反的假设：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉。
）If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学得更努力，她就能通过考试。
）2. 对过去的遗憾、愿望：I wish I had taken that job.（我希望我当时接受了那份工作。
）He wishes he were taller.（他希望自己更高一些。
）二、现在式虚拟语气（Present Subjunctive）现在式虚拟语气用于对现在或将来的事情进行虚拟表达。
它通常与“if”或“suggest”等引导的从句连用，表示对现实的非真实假设、建议或要求。
用法如下：1. 对现在事实相反的假设：If it were to rain, we would stay at home.（如果下雨的话，我们将呆在家里。
）I suggest that he be more careful.（我建议他更加小心。
）2. 对现在的建议或要求：It is important that she arrive on time.（她准时到达是很重要的。
） They demanded that he pay the bill immediately.（他们要求他立即支付账单。
虚拟语气总结
虚拟语气总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语态，用来表达一种假设、愿望、建议、命令、怀疑或可能性的情态。
在句子中，虚拟语气主要通过动词的形态变化和句子结构来表示。
一、虚拟语气的形态变化：1. 过去虚拟语气：主要用于表示与事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：had + 过去分词。
例如：“If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.”2. 现在虚拟语气：主要用于表示与现在事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：动词原形+过去式。
例如：“If I were you, I would study harder.”3. 条件句中的虚拟语气：主要用于表示条件句中的假设情况。
形式为：should/would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：“If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.”二、虚拟语气的用法：1. 表达与现在事实相反的情况：使用“were”作为虚拟语气动词，无论主语是单数还是复数。
例如：“If I were you, I would apologize.”2. 表达与过去事实相反的情况：使用“had”作为虚拟语气动词。
例如：“If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.”3. 表达不可能实现的愿望：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示愿望、建议或命令。
例如：“I wish I were taller.” “If only I could speak French.” “She demanded that he leave immediately.”4. 表达估计、推测、怀疑或建议：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示可能性。
例如：“It is important that he arrive on time.” “She suggested that we go to the cinema.”三、虚拟语气的注意事项：1. 注意一致性：在条件从句中，主句和从句的动词形式要保持一致。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气1.作用：用来表示说话人所说的话不是现实，只是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
这种假设是不可能发生或不大可能发生或实现的。
（1）过去相反①如果你昨天去那里了，你就会看到那个明星了 If you had gone there, you would have seen that superstar.②如果我没生病，我就可以知道老师教了什么内容。
If I had not been ill, I would have known of what the teacher taught.（2）与现在相反①如果我现在是个老师，我就会让学生们做好多作业。
If I were a teacher now, I would ask students to do a lot of homework.②如果我现在是个成人，我就会做我想做的。
If I were an adult, I would do what I want to do.③如果我现在去那里，我就会得到那个礼物。
If I went there, I would get thatpresent.（3）与将来的①如果你明天不去上课，我就给你买冰激凌。
If you did not go to school tomorrow, I would buy an ice-cream for you. If you were not to go to school,I would buy an ice-cream for you ②如果你这样做，我会打算让你通过考试。
Ifyou should do this, I would decide to let you pass the examination.（4）易错练习题:① if you _____your homework, your teacher ____ your parents yesterday.A.did, didn’t tellB. did, wouldn’t tellC.had done, wouldn’t tellD. had done, wouldn’t have told分析：时态，② ____Tom was ill, I would have not told Tom the truth.A.If I know,B. if I knew,C.if I had known,D.if I have known（5）虚拟条件的倒装：把从句中if省略，把动词had，were，should 提到主语之前，意思不会发生任何改变。
虚拟语气定义
It is the first that he have gone there.
It was the first time that he had gone there.
7. 在含有if it were not for 或if it had not been for 条件句的虚拟语气中. 如: If it were not for the rain, the crops would die. If it had not been for your help, we could not have finished the work ahead of time
虚拟语气定义
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假 想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是 一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 虚拟语气常表示条件和结果的状语从句中。 在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时动词有三 种时态：现在时，过去时，将来时。
should + 动词原形 此处的should 一般不省略
注意:
It is the first time that从句 现在完成时 It was the first time that从句 过去完成时
It is time for us to have dinner. It is (about/high) time that we had dinner.
8
if only 从句 if only 若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只要...就好 过去完成时 对过去虚拟
could + 完成时
if only 一般过去时 对现在虚拟
would /could/might 对将来虚拟 +动词原形 1. If only Marx were still by my side to see this with his own eyes. 2. If only she could have lived a little longer.
虚拟语气用法
虚拟语气用法虚拟语气，又称“虚拟假设语气”，是指说话者或写作者在表达某种情况时，通过使用特定的语法形式来表示这种情况实际上并不存在或者与事实相反。
虚拟语气在英语中非常常见，它可以用来表达假设、愿望、建议、命令、推测等多种语境。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的各种用法及例句。
一、假设与现实相反的情况虚拟语气常用于表示与现实相反的情况或假设。
在这种情况下，谓语动词常以“would/could/should + 动词原形”或“were + 主语”等形式出现。
1. 虚拟语气用于假设：If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我有钱，我会环游世界。
If she had studied harder, she could have passed the exam.如果她学得更努力，她本来可以通过考试的。
2. 虚拟语气用于愿望：I wish I were taller.我希望我更高一些。
I wish you wouldn't be late for the meeting.我希望你不要迟到开会。
3. 虚拟语气用于建议：I suggest that he should see a doctor.我建议他去看医生。
It is recommended that every student study English.建议每个学生都学习英语。
二、与过去事实相反的情况虚拟语气还常用于表示与过去事实相反的情况。
在这种情况下，主要使用“had + 过去分词”形式或其他相应的虚拟语气结构。
1. 虚拟语气用于与过去事实相反的条件：If he had arrived earlier, he would have caught the train.如果他早点到，他就能赶上火车了。
If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared dinner.如果我知道你要来，我就会准备晚餐了。
虚拟语气
Should it rain tomorrow , we would stay at
home.
Had I had the money last year, I would
have bought thihe PLA，we wouldn‘t
have been able to beat the flood． 要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
２）对过去情况的假设：表示过去实际上并 没有发生或已经发生了的事情。其形式如下： If +主语+had +过去分词，主语+should (would, could, might) have+过去分词 例如： If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam.
表示主观判断、推测、建议、 二. 表示主观判断、推测、建议、命令和要求
虚拟语气在表示要求、建议、命令等的从句中，其形式使 “should+动词原形”或省去should直接用动词原形。 1.用在宾语从句中,这样的词有advise（劝告）、ask（要求）、 decide（决定）、insist（坚持）、order（下令）、suggest（建 议） command（命令）、demand（要求）、desire（渴望）、 propose（提议）、recommend（劝告）、require（要求） consent（同意）、deserve（值得提起）、maintain（主张）、 move（提议）、urge（极力主张）、 vote（提议） 例如： He insisted that John (should) do the job. We suggested that the meeting (should) not be postponed. The union demanded the wages (should) be raised by 20% ． 注：有时，上述动词所跟的宾语从句不是表示主张，建议或要求 等，而是其他的意义，这是则仍用陈述语气。例如： The expression on her face suggests that she knows the secret.
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是汉语语法中的一种用法，用来表达说话者对某种假设、猜测、愿望或虚拟情况的语气。
虚拟语气在汉语中有多种形式和用法，包括假设虚拟语气、愿望虚拟语气、建议虚拟语气和感叹虚拟语气等。
下面将针对这些不同的虚拟语气用法进行归纳和解释。
一、假设虚拟语气假设虚拟语气用在表示假设、猜测、推测等情况下，常常使用“要是……就好了”、“如果……就好了”、“要是……就好了”等结构。
例如：“要是明天不下雨就好了。
”这种情况下，虚拟语气表示对未来可能出现的情况的假设和愿望。
二、愿望虚拟语气愿望虚拟语气用在表示对未来或现在不可能实现的愿望、希望和要求的情况下，常常使用“但愿……”、“要是……就好了”、“愿……”等结构。
例如：“要是我有一百万就好了。
”这种情况下，虚拟语气表示对现实或未来可能发生的愿望和期待。
三、建议虚拟语气建议虚拟语气用在表示对某种建议、劝告和命令的情况下，常常使用“不如……吧”、“要是你……”、“也许……”等结构。
例如：“你要是想学好汉语，不如多多练习口语。
”这种情况下，虚拟语气表示对别人的建议、劝告和命令。
四、感叹虚拟语气感叹虚拟语气用在表示对事实、现象或情况的感叹和惊讶的情况下，常常使用“真是……”、“竟然……”、“简直……”等结构。
例如：“他简直就是个天才。
”这种情况下，虚拟语气表示对事实或现象的感叹和惊讶。
虚拟语气是汉语中一种灵活多样的语法用法，能够很好地表达说话者对不同情况的假设、愿望、建议和感叹。
熟练运用虚拟语气，可以使语言表达更加生动丰富，增强语言的表现力和感染力。
虚拟语气
(四）虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些 形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命 令、要求、惊异和失望等。其形式为： （should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的形容词有： appropriate, advisable, better, desirable, essential 精华的 imperative 迫切 的,important ,insistent ,natural, necessary, preferable 优越的，较好的 strange ,urgent, vital 极其重要的
但as if (as though) 后的从句也常用陈述语气，这是因 为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可被设想为真实 的。
3.in order that , so that, 其谓语may, might ,can, could + 动词原 形
The teacher spoke slowly in order that the students could hear clearly.
C. do; be set
B
D. had done; must be set
B 2. Mother suggested that I ____ my homework first before watching TV.
A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done
3. My suggestion was that the meeting ____ off still next week. A. to put B. be putting
与将来事实相反：
条件从句为：1.谓语用动词过去式
2.谓语用were to + 动词原形
什么是虚拟语气
什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。
虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。
“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。
另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。
如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。
大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。
一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+doIf I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了）If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
什么是虚拟语气
什么是虚拟语气？虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是英语中一种用来表达假设、愿望、建议、要求等非真实情况的语气。
与陈述语气不同，虚拟语气用于表达与事实相反或与现实不一致的情况。
虚拟语气常见于条件句、表达愿望的句子和建议命令等语境中。
虚拟语气的使用有以下几个方面：1. 条件句中的虚拟语气：- If I were rich, I would travel around the world.（如果我富有，我会周游世界。
）- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（如果他学习更努力，他就会通过考试。
）在虚拟语气的条件句中，谓语动词的过去式常用于表示与现实相反的假设情况。
对于"be"动词，无论主语是什么，都使用"were"。
2. 表达愿望和建议的虚拟语气：- I wish I were taller.（我希望我更高。
）- It's important that she study for the test.（她应该为考试学习很重要。
）在表达愿望和建议时，虚拟语气常用于动词的基本形式，而不是现实情况下的时态形式。
3. 命令和要求的虚拟语气：- I insist that he be here on time.（我坚持要求他准时到达。
）- It is essential that they submit the report by Friday.（他们必须在星期五之前提交报告。
）当我们使用虚拟语气来表达命令和要求时，谓语动词常用于动词的基本形式，并使用"that"引导从句。
虚拟语气在英语中的使用非常灵活，可以用于不同的语境和句型中。
掌握虚拟语气的使用可以帮助我们准确地表达假设、愿望、建议和要求等非真实情况，从而提升英语表达的准确性和表达能力。
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虚拟语气用所给的动词适当形式填空1. If I __________ (be) you, I should study English.2. If he __________ (have) time, he would attend the meeting.3. If you __________ (take) my advice, you __________ (not fail ) in the examination.4. If you __________ (come) tomorrow，we __________ (have) the meeting.5. If it __________ (be) to rain tomorrow, the meeting __________ (be) put off.用所给的动词适当形式填空1. If I __________ (take) your advice, I would be all right now.2. If Lily __________ (lose) her necklace last night, she __________ (not be) so upset now.3. If it __________ (be) not for the new society, I __________ (be) dead.without…; but for…; if not for …; in the absence of…翻译句子1. 要是没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得这么大的进步。
2. 要是没有那位年轻人，那孩子就没救了。
用所给的动词适当形式填空1. Given more time I __________ (do) it better.2. I was ill that day. Otherwise I __________ (attend) the meeting.3. He __________ (give) you more help, but he has been so busy.4. I would have written you before, but I __________ (be) ill.5. I __________ (write) to you, but I don’t know your address.6. I __________ (run) all the way, or I __________ ( be) late for the meeting.用所给的动词适当形式填空1. __________(be) I a bird, I would fly to the sky.2. Had I known your address, I __________ (write) to you last month.翻译句子1. If only I had listened to my parents.2. If only we knew where to look for him.用if only和only if填空1. I wake up __________ the alarm clock rings.2. __________ the alarm clock had rung.（二）虚拟语气用在As if/though；even if/though引导的状语从句中1. Alan talked about Rome as if he __________ (be) a Roman．2. He speaks English so fluently as if he __________ (study) English in England.3. Even if he __________ (be) here, he could not solve the problem.4. He talks about pyramids as though he __________ (see) them himself .（三）虚拟语气用在目的状语从句中1. He was punished lest he __________ (make) the same mistake again．2. I will not make a noise for fear that I __________ (disturb) him.3. I have come all the way here in order that you __________ (understand) me.4. He put his coat over his son in case he __________ (catch) cold.一、用所给的动词适当形式填空1. --It rained cats and dogs this morn ing. I’m glad we took an umbrella.--Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we __________ (have).2.If he __________ (work) hard in the past five years, things wouldn't be going so smoothly.3. --Do you think George has passed the driving test?--No. If so, he __________ (drive) his car to our college yesterday.4. The children __________ (be) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakesidecamp as scheduled.5. I __________ (come) to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.6. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he __________ (be) able to speak it much better now.7. He talks about pyramids as though he __________ (see) them himself.8. Ask him to ring me up if you __________ (see) him.9. If we __________ (interrupt) yesterday, we would have finished the work.10.__________ I been given the opportunity, I would not have missed it.二、用在名词性从句中（一）用于主语从句中用所给的动词适当形式填空1. It is necessary that we __________ (attend) the meeting tomorrow.2. It was required that each student ___________ (bring) enough food on the trip.3. It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that you __________ (be) so careless.4. It is a strange that he __________ (come).（二）用于宾语从句中用所给的动词适当形式填空1. The manager would rather his daughter __________ (work) in the same office．2. The boss would rather Tom __________ (leave) tomorrow.3. The boss would rather Tom __________ (leave) yesterday.用所给的动词适当形式填空1. I would rather__________ ( stay) at home today．2. I would rather __________ (not tell) him the bad news, he is so sad now.3. I would rather you __________ ( not tell) him the bad news now.4. I would rather you __________ (not tell) him the bad news last night.5. Who would you rather __________ (go) with you?6. Who would you rather have __________ (go) with you?用所给的动词适当形式填空1. I suggest that we __________ (hold) a meeting next week.2. He insisted that he __________ (sent) there3. He demanded that he ___________ (get) a higher pay.判断对错（）You pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.（）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.（）I insisted that you（should）be wrong.（）I insisted that you were wrong.用所给的动词适当形式填空.1. I wish I __________ (be) as tall as you.2. He wished he __________ (not say) that.3. I wish it __________ (rain) tomorrow.单项选择1. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he _______ homeA. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay2. It was requested that the play_______ again.A. should put onB. would put onC. be put onD. put on3. She insisted that a doctor_______ immediately.A. had sent forB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent （三）用于表语从句和同位语从句中1. We are all for your proposal that the discussion __________ ( be) put off．2. The suggestion that the mayor __________ (present) the prizes was accepted by everyone．3. Any proposals that john __________ (be) dismissed must be resisted .4. His idea that we __________ (take)up the matter with a special board is fairly reasonable .5. Our suggestion is that the famous star __________ (put) on a play at the English evening .6. The demand he __________ (make) at the meeting is reasonable.（四）用在定语从句中1. It’s (high/about/over) time that you __________ (go) to school.2. It is ( high / about ) time that we __________ (take ) measures to protect the environment.一、语法填空1. My mom suggests that we __________ (eat) out for a change this weekend.2. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________(be) at the age of six months old.3. It is necessary that we __________ (clean) the room every day.4. It will be desired that she __________（finish）her homework this afternoon.5. It is high time that we __________ (hold) a meeting to discuss this problem.6. How the old people wish that they __________ (be) young once more!7. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he __________ (be) their own son. 8. He is talking so much about America as if he __________ (live) there.9. --How could I thank you enough? --Don’t mention it. Any other man __________ (do) it.10. I wish that you __________ (have) such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.二、单句改错1. I would rather you don’t do anything about it for the time being.2. The thief closed his eyes as if he was dying.3. The chairman insisted that we will discuss the question again.4. He requested that the students helped them get in crops.5. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody would obey the rules.6. I wish I were here then.7. It is strange that he should come back so early.8. Mother suggested that I could do my homework first before watching TV.9. My suggestion is that the meeting put off till next Sunday.10. The teacher demanded that the exam must be finished before eleven.。