高中英语完形填空深入讲解和练习(含答案)

完形填空深入讲解

历年完形填空题特点：

1.语境为主，语法极少，强调应用，注重交际；

2.干扰性强，重细微辨析；

3.实词为主，虚词为辅

4.纵观历年英语高考，会发现有些词和语法点是命题组特别偏爱的，例：

名词:voice, customer; 形容词:surprise, impossible; 副词:immediately, successfully;

动词:go, come, annoy, continue 等经常出现在选项中，且多为正确．

5. 侧重上下关联, 暗示判断能力。

6.文章中出现的词在选项中复现，常为答案．

记叙文

对于叙事，描述类文章。短文的首句，往往点明故事发生的人物(who),时间（when），地点(where)，和事件(what)等背景情况。例：

It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital .

……

议论文

1、议论文的设题往往多以上下文为基础，利用承前信息或滞后信息，使读者有所依托。

2、议论文中表达作者态度或看法的词较多，所以，试题中对形容词和副词的考查往往也较多。问题跳跃性较大。我们做题时，既要看事实，又要感悟作者的态度与情感。

对于论述文，首句表明了论述的主题。起到揭示主题的作用。例如：

A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 .

……

说明文

1、说明文直白性较强，脉络清晰。

2、说明文的层次清晰，整体性强，所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题往往出现得较多。

解题步聚

1、英语完形填空解题步骤速览全文，把握大意。

2、细读首句，摸清文路。

3、瞻前顾后，准确选择。

4、复核全文，调整答案。

做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；

完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。

完形填空三忌：

1、忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。

2、忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。

3、忌先入为主，一气呵成。

做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。

技巧

一、首句信息

完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

先跳读首句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。

Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.

本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。

(广东卷)

It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children.

1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification

2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living

3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average

二、注意前后语境，暗示信息

考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。

考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。

这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。

（广东卷）“As a matter of fact, I’ve got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.”

49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer

三、注意固定搭配，熟记常见句型，

考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。

I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone.

44. A. with B. by C. from D. on

(陕西)The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little __34__ to them.

34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction

四、注意词语辨析

考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。

Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37_ qualities. First of all …

37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular

（全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear.