语法学案

I.Definition

A phrasal verb is made up of a verb plus an adverb and/or a preposition. Some phrasal verbs are separable, while others are not.

II.Formation

1. verb + adverb(动词+副词)

(动词+副词构成的动词短语,宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后，但如果宾语为人称代词，则必须放在动词和副词之间)

Fleming tried out this mould on another bacterium.

Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium.

Fleming found the mould had killed the cells of the bacteria and tried it out on another bacterium.

They have agreed to put aside their differences in the interests of winning the election.

They have agreed to put their differences aside in the interests of winning the election.

They have differences, but they have agreed to put them aside in the interests of wining the election.

Uncle Tom passed away (去世) many years ago.

2.verb + preposition (动词+介词)

(动词+介词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，不可分开使用，其后可以直接跟宾语，宾语通常是名词、代词、动名词等，在被动语态中介词不能省略)

Doctors are looking into the case for new treatment.

Sometimes people ask for medicine that they do not really need.

Kate is looking after her sick mother.

I came across one of my old classmates Jane.

I agree with (与……看法一致)you on that point.

Before long he took to (爱上) a girl student in his class.

3.verb + adverb + preposition(动词+副词+介词)

（这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词的后面，在“动词+副词+介词”的组合中，短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开）

How can you put up with this for so long?

It is not right to look down upon those who have AIDS.

Watch out for cars while you are crossing the street.

We must catch up with them.

Let’s face up to the situation.

Your ideas fit in with mine.

Let’ s get down to our business.

We’ll get through with the project next month.

I．Translation

1. put on _____________

2. ask for _____________

3. give up_____________

4. look around _____________

5. break out_____________

6. throw away _____________

7. run away_____________8. 破门而入_____________

9. 挑选_____________10. look after _____________

11. think over_____________12. 死于_____________

13. 依靠_____________14. laugh at _____________

15. come across _____________16. care about _____________ 17. look through_____________18. 从事_____________

19. 听_____________ 20. thanks to _____________ II．Fill in the blanks with proper phrasal verbs.

1.The plane _______ (起飞) at 10am.

2.At midnight, the party _________(终止).

3.When did the war _________(爆发)?

4.How did the quarrel__________ (发生)?

5.The handle has __________ (脱落).

6.The moon has _________ (出来).

7.She soon _____________ (落后).

8. I persuaded him to __________（放弃）the foolish plan．

9. When I came into the teacher's room，our teacher is _____________（检查）our homework．

10. I tried to telephone you but I couldn’t ________________(接通)．

III.Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.

1.Anne had to put_______ the appointment until later, as she had a meeting to attend.

2.Many people find that as they get older, life seems to speed _______ .

3.After the time for the competition is deceded _______, we must also choose the place.

4.Two robbers broke_______ and robbed the bank of a lot of money．

5. They were carrying_______ an important experiment．

6 The teacher tried to explain the problem，but the explanation did not get across_______ the class．

7.Only a handful_______experts support this new theory.

8.The family split_______the pie into four pieces, so that everyone could get a share.

9.Beijing has good air connections_______most large cities around the globe.

10.People have planted many trees on the hill to prevent the soil from being washed_______. IV．Multiple choices.

1. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has____?

A. given out

B. put out

C.held up

D. used up

2.The computer system ____ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.

A. broke down

B. broke out

C. broke up

D. broke in

3. I was still sleeping when the fire _________, and then it spread quickly.

A. broke out

B. put out

C. came out

D. got out

4.As I grow up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _________ scenes of my childhood.