2015年高考英语考前讲话(任务型)

第五部分任务型阅读

一、考纲要求：

任务型阅读类型：分为表格型和树状型两类。

二、解题步骤：

1）快速通读全文，理解文章大意，对全文有个整体把握。

2）浏览图表，分析图表的设计结构和层次，明确填空要求。

3）根据图表，在文章中捕捉信息并定位，对比信息、分析信息、整合信息，准确表达。

4）通观全篇，复读检查。书写工整、语法规范、内容形式不失误，保证答题质量。三、专项突破

在高考任务型阅读中，一般考查以下三种题型：信息查找题、信息转换题、信息归纳题。

1. 信息查找题

解题关键：根据问题与表格中的主要信息查找定位信息，常用方法是带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。如：

2. 信息转换题（要求对短文的原句进行分析加工整理，根据句型结构变化，即表达方式的变化和语法规则等提炼出新的单词，常常要注意变化形式。此类的题容易拉开档次。）

解题关键:是根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。

由于此类题是高考最常考的题型，这里结合近年来的高考题做具体的讲解。

（一）词形转换：即练习将一种词类转换成另一种词类，主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单，只要在文中找到关键词即可。（二）语义转换即练习将一词的同义词和反义词找出来。做此类题的技巧如下：

1）同义词（短语）转换

2.) 以前缀和后缀来表示，例如happy-unhappy，like - dislike，等。例题如下：

3.）有很多词并没有前缀和后缀形式标志，如old - young, long - short，different- same等。分析：仔细分析原句，知本题关键是找出seldom的反义词，而且能修饰visitor。答案：frequent。

4.）以词组形式出现,如：be good at - be weak in, turn down - turn up， be awake - be asleep，catch up with - fall behind， both... and... - neither... nor等。例题如下：

（三）句子结构转换做此类题首先要理解题意，其次仔细比较原句和题目，明白出题人的意图，只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。

3.信息归纳题

A: 解题关键：解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。归纳词的特征有：B: 归纳词特征：

1）概括性：在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息

2）针对性：量体裁衣，大小适度3）醒目

C：常见归纳词

1 原因:：causes of ，reasons for

2 建议：Suggestions /Tips / Advice

3 结论：Conclusion

4 评价：Evaluation

5 事物的发展顺序: development

6 态度：attitude (towards)

7. 态度的两方面：positive / negative /subjective /objective

8. 比较：comparison --- 相似点similarities /不同点differences

9. 文章的标题：Title

10. 文章的中心思想：Theme

11. 作者的观点：view /opinion /idea/viewpoints

12. 举例说明：Examples

13. 解决问题的方法solutions

14 方法：way / method/ approach

15 影响：effect / impact / influence

16 结果: results/consequences

17. 总结：summary

18. 阐明: show / illustrate

19. 解释explanation / explain

20. 分析：analysis

21. 介绍：introduction

22. 定义：definition

23. 描述：description

24. 问题：question / problem

25. 现象：phenomenon /phenomena (复数)

26: 说明：instruction

27: 指导：direction

28. 行为：behaviour （一般不可数）

29: 目录catalogue

30: 种类：kind /type/ category

31. 特点：Feature / characteristics

32: 目标：aim/ purpose

33. 材料: material

34: 年龄：age

35: 性别：gender

36：地方：place

37: 时代：times / periods

38. 作用：roles

39. 功能：function

40. 症状：symptom

41. 事件：event

42. 方面：aspects

43: 项目：item

44: 内容content

45: 预言prediction

46. 重要性：significance / importance

47. 优/缺点：advantage /disadvantage (一般成对出现)

课后巩固练习

（一）

Albert Einstein’s was estimated at 160, Madonna’s is 140, and John F. Kennedy’s was only 119, but as it turns out, your IQ score pales in comparison with your EQ (Emotional Intelligence), MQ (Moral Intelligence), and BQ (Body Intelligence) scores when it comes to predicting your success and professional achievement.

A high IQ is necessary, but it is not adequate to predict executive competence and corporate success. Nobel Prize winning Israeli-American psychologist, Daniel Kahneman, found that people would rather do business with a person they like and trust rather than someone they don’t, even if the likeable person is offering a lower quality product or service at a higher price.

With this in mind, instead of exclusively focusing on your conventional intelligence quotient, you should make an investment in strengthening your EQ, MQ, and BQ. These concepts may be difficult to measure, but their significance is far greater than IQ.

Emotional Intelligence

EQ in brief is about: being aware of your own feelings and those of others, regulating these feelings in yourself and others, using emotions that are appropriate to the situation, and building relationships.

Top Tip for Improvement: First, become aware of your inner dialogue. It helps to keep a journal of what thoughts fill your mind during the day. Stress can be a huge killer of emotional intelligence, so you also need to develop healthy coping techniques that can effectively and quickly reduce stress.

Moral Intelligence

MQ directly follows EQ as it deals with your integrity, responsibility, sympathy, and forgiveness. Keeping commitments, maintaining your integrity, and being honest are crucial to moral intelligence.

Top Tip for Improvement: Make fewer excuses and take responsibility for your actions. Show sympathy and communicate respect to others. Show tolerance of other people’s shortcomings. Forgiveness is not just about how we relate to others; it’s also how you relate to and feel about yourself.

Body Intelligence

Lastly, there is your BQ, or body intelligence, which reflects what you know about your body, how you feel about it, and take care of it. Your body is constantly telling you things; are you listening to the signals or ignoring them? Are you eating energy-giving or energy-draining foods on a daily basis? Are you getting enough rest? Do you exercise and take care of your body? It may seem like these matters are unrelated to professional performance, but your body intelligence absolutely affects your work because it largely determines your feelings, state of mind, and energy level.

Top Tip for Improvement: At least once a day, listen to the messages your body is sending you about your health. Live a healthy lifestyle from the aspects mentioned above. Monitoring your weight, and making sure you have down time can dramatically benefit the way you perform at work.