写作教程第二版(邹申)unit1_General(I)
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写作教程第二版(邹申)unit1 General(I)
paragraph.
Sample 1 Find the T.S.
• One of the central preoccupations of arts and humanities is the observation of human beings. Painters and sculptors create images of the human form; writers tell stories or compose poems about human experience; musical artists give melodic contours to the human spirit; historians and philosophers ponder the essential qualities of human civilization and nature. And in our own lives, in our own ways, we spend a great deal of our energy and attention on our fellow creatures, being in families and other kinds of relationships, observing people with curiosity and interest in the course of the day, thinking about and forming our own character- deciding what kind of person we wish to be- as we grow.
Unusual, enough information, fresh, narrow & broad enough
Sample 1 Find the T.S.
• One of the central preoccupations of arts and humanities is the observation of human beings. Painters and sculptors create images of the human form; writers tell stories or compose poems about human experience; musical artists give melodic contours to the human spirit; historians and philosophers ponder the essential qualities of human civilization and nature. And in our own lives, in our own ways, we spend a great deal of our energy and attention on our fellow creatures, being in families and other kinds of relationships, observing people with curiosity and interest in the course of the day, thinking about and forming our own character- deciding what kind of person we wish to be- as we grow.
Unusual, enough information, fresh, narrow & broad enough
写作教程第二版邹申unit1 GeneralI
? 5. Nanoscale “trees”improve efficiency in low-cost plastic solar cells.
? --- unfamiliar to you, so you can not write about it knowledgeably.
Good Topics
succeed 6. play games
surf the net …
Disadvantages 1. expensive 2. harmful radiation 3. disturbing in public 4. dangerous in driving 5. ring in embarrassing
Unsatisfactory Topics
? 2. America should lower the drinking age.
? --- boring or written about too often.
? 3. There are many different theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs.
Unsatisfactory Topics
? 1. The major poets, painters, and dramatists of the Renaissance:
? --- too board and can not be completed within the time allocated
? 1. Alternative fuels. subject ? 2. Henry Ford's development of the
assembly line resulted in the mass production of cars. topic ? 3. America's legal system. subject ? 4. America needs a flat tax. topic ? 5. Butterflies. subject ? 6. Is intelligence determined by nature or by nurture? topic
? --- unfamiliar to you, so you can not write about it knowledgeably.
Good Topics
succeed 6. play games
surf the net …
Disadvantages 1. expensive 2. harmful radiation 3. disturbing in public 4. dangerous in driving 5. ring in embarrassing
Unsatisfactory Topics
? 2. America should lower the drinking age.
? --- boring or written about too often.
? 3. There are many different theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs.
Unsatisfactory Topics
? 1. The major poets, painters, and dramatists of the Renaissance:
? --- too board and can not be completed within the time allocated
? 1. Alternative fuels. subject ? 2. Henry Ford's development of the
assembly line resulted in the mass production of cars. topic ? 3. America's legal system. subject ? 4. America needs a flat tax. topic ? 5. Butterflies. subject ? 6. Is intelligence determined by nature or by nurture? topic
写作教程第二版邹申
Function of Definition
To introduce a new term To explain a jargon in some academic discipline To make clear some abstract, controversial or
complicated point in argument To make ourselves better understood in everyday
affairs
Definition is, therefore, a very important form of expository writing, a strategy which can be used and found in almost all kinds of writings.
Without clear definitions, needless disputes, disagreements and misunderstandings can arise.
ple 1 – P57
Term Class
Characteristics
tornado wind upside-down, spinning cone, highly destructive
rainforest forest tropical area, lots of rain
Definition can be found in almost all expository or persuasive writings. (scientific essays, textbooks, dictionaries, encyclopedia articles, new stories, manuals, government publications and so on.)
写作教程第二版(邹申)unit1 General(I)
To create a piece of writing, we have to start with paragraph.
II.1 Topic Sentence
Definition --- A sentence that names the topic of the paragraph and contains a controlling idea is called T.S. Topic Television programs for children Learning a foreign language Cathy The food we eat Controlling idea have become increasingly violent. is more and more important for young people. is the kindest neighbor I have ever known. has a profound effect on our health.
Unusual, enough information, fresh, narrow & broad enough
3. Why my father/ mother is my hero…
Interesting, narrow, easy research, sufficient details
4. How to solve a quadratic equation…
Criteria for your T.S
1. It is a complete sentence. 2. It contains both a topic and a controlling idea. 3. It is neither too general nor too specific. 4. It tells the reader what to expect in the paragraph.
大学英文写作 第二版 UNIT2=
Awareness Raising
The general grammar rule: To be used at the beginning of noun groups to refer to someone or something when a reader knows exactly who or what we are talking about, or when we go on to explain which person or thing we mean.
Eight Basic Usages (Collins Cobuild 1987)
4) Anaphoric reference—indirect (also called associative anaphora), where the first mentioned acts as a trigger for a related item. E.g. John bought a bicycle, but when he rode it one of the wheels came off.
本人从事机械领域十余年对机械液压有着较强的故障判断能力
Unit 2 The Use of “The”
OBJECTIVES
To: understand the basic use of “the” use “the” appropriately practice the use of “the”
Practice: Keys to Tasks
Task 7 1) The best 2) the wrong 3) the right 4) the same 5) The next 6) the first
写作教程第2版课件ppt
• Both are faulty generalizations. • Sentence 1. The sentence moves from some
Americans to a conclusion drawn on all Americans. This is a problem of overgeneralization.
• 2.On TV, I saw George Bush signing documents with his left hand. I saw Ronald Reagan signing documents with his left hand. I saw Bill Clinton signing documents with his left hand during his recent trip to China. Clearly, all American presidents are left-handed.
• The importance of a sentence in a paragraph corresponds closely to its level of generality: the more important a statement is in a paragraph, the higher its level of generality.
• Questions
• 1. Underline the generalization in each group.
• Group 1: The mass media are often badly used.
• Group 2: Television has bad effects on people.
邹申写作教程Units
Making dumplings: Step 1: Buy meat, vegetables, flour or dumpling wrappers. Step 2: Clean the meat and vegetables and cut them into pieces. Step 3: Combine all these into a mixture with some condiments (调味品，佐料). Step 4: Roll out dumpling wrappers; if the wrappers are bought, just wrap the mixed meat and vegetable into dumplings one after another. Step 5: Cook the dumplings in boiling water before eating them.
5
PART 1 Warm-up Activities
How to make sweet and sour spare ribs (糖醋排骨):
Step 1: --> Fill a wok (炒锅) with half-full of water and turn on the heat. Slowly add the spare rib sections, and cover them. --> Once the water is boiling, add in the cooking wine (料酒). Boil for 15-20 minutes until the spare rib sections are 70% cooked. --> Remove them to a colander (滤锅，漏勺), and place in a small basin. Add the salt, white vinegar and wheat flour (全麦面粉). Crack the egg into it and stir well with chopsticks. Let it marinate (腌泡) for 1015 minutes.
5
PART 1 Warm-up Activities
How to make sweet and sour spare ribs (糖醋排骨):
Step 1: --> Fill a wok (炒锅) with half-full of water and turn on the heat. Slowly add the spare rib sections, and cover them. --> Once the water is boiling, add in the cooking wine (料酒). Boil for 15-20 minutes until the spare rib sections are 70% cooked. --> Remove them to a colander (滤锅，漏勺), and place in a small basin. Add the salt, white vinegar and wheat flour (全麦面粉). Crack the egg into it and stir well with chopsticks. Let it marinate (腌泡) for 1015 minutes.
写作教程第二版(邹申)-unit_2_Events-_Development_by_Time
emergency, which offers us convenience. In addition, mobile
phone is not only a communication tool but also an
entertainment facility. In a time of science and technology,
Task 6 P16 The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Year’s Day, my mother would let me send out New Year’s cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets I bought firecrackers, like all the other kids. Then beginning on New Year’s Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywhere, day and night. On New Year’s Day, I watch the huge parades go in the middle of the streets. People wearing lion dances and dragon dances. Afterwards, we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy New Year.
phone is not only a communication tool but also an
entertainment facility. In a time of science and technology,
Task 6 P16 The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Year’s Day, my mother would let me send out New Year’s cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets I bought firecrackers, like all the other kids. Then beginning on New Year’s Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywhere, day and night. On New Year’s Day, I watch the huge parades go in the middle of the streets. People wearing lion dances and dragon dances. Afterwards, we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy New Year.
写作教程 第二册 答案
Unit 1
Follow-up exercises
Write a focused topic sentence for the following subject
Looking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways. Penguins Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.
-- At last we settled on the Cafe Orleans where we had either a late lunch or an
early dinner.
5. Afterward, we spent the remainder of the day browsing in the specialty shops of the Magic
Personality One's personality plays an important role in foreign language learning. Weather Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.
a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy
N
e
w
Y
e
a
r
.
Unit3 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES
3. Logical sequence of the sentences: 3–6–1–4–7–5–2
Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.
Follow-up exercises
Write a focused topic sentence for the following subject
Looking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways. Penguins Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.
-- At last we settled on the Cafe Orleans where we had either a late lunch or an
early dinner.
5. Afterward, we spent the remainder of the day browsing in the specialty shops of the Magic
Personality One's personality plays an important role in foreign language learning. Weather Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.
a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them Happy
N
e
w
Y
e
a
r
.
Unit3 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES
3. Logical sequence of the sentences: 3–6–1–4–7–5–2
Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.
写作教程第2版课件u2汇编
• Question:
• How does the paragraph achieve coherence?
• The paragraph follows the time order and uses many time indicators to make it easy for the reader to follow.
• 2) Shortly afterwards, the New England colonists laid siege to Boston, the location of the British headquarters.
• 2. In the second phase of the war, which began after the signing of the Declaration, both the British and the Americans made important military gains.
• 1. In September, he fell off the uneven bars and got a concussion.
• 2. A month later, he sprained his ankle, after a bad landing off the balance beam.
• 3. The fighting moved to the west and south during the last phase.
• 1) In 1778 and 1779 several battles occurred in Kentucky and Tennessee.
• 2) Then two years later, the final battle of the war was fought at Yorktown, Virginia.
大学英文写作 第二版 UNIT1
Violin Recital—a violin recital by Maestro Salvatore Accardo will be held at the Beijing Concert Hall on November 3. Accardo was born in Italy in 1941. His first concert was given when he was 13. At 17 he was awarded the first prize of Concorso Paganini of Geneva.
Keys to Task 3, The Comma
7) The new crystals tended to be long, smooth, knife-like forms.
8) (No need to add any commas in this sentence) 9) It was his spelling, not his punctuation, that he needed
making speeches. 12) Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world,
Keys to Task 3, The Comma
1) Over the past three years, China has absorbed an annual average of $30 billion in foreign funds, and this year the figure will increase to more than $37 billion.
2) The engine installed the brakes failed, and the car started to roll backward.
Keys to Task 3, The Comma
7) The new crystals tended to be long, smooth, knife-like forms.
8) (No need to add any commas in this sentence) 9) It was his spelling, not his punctuation, that he needed
making speeches. 12) Everest, which is the highest mountain in the world,
Keys to Task 3, The Comma
1) Over the past three years, China has absorbed an annual average of $30 billion in foreign funds, and this year the figure will increase to more than $37 billion.
2) The engine installed the brakes failed, and the car started to roll backward.
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Sample 2 Find the T.S.
Shakespearian characters live. They are no stilted creations intended to represent differing points of view. They are people, with all the usual human foibles and weaknesses. As we laugh at or sympathize with them, we are learning something about our own selves. Shakespeare knew human nature so well and created his characters according to that knowledge. His understanding of human psychology is amazing and is one reason for the continued success of Shakespearian drama.
1. What is a paragraph supposed to do ?
inside 2. What should I keep in mind when I am writing one ?
To create a piece of writing, we have to start with paragraph.
1. General topic: 20th Century American Novelists Restricted: Hemingway and His Works More restricted: Hemingway and HiБайду номын сангаас Short Stories Topic chosen: Old People in Hemingway’s Short Stories
---too broad and can not be completed within the time allocated.
4. America needs stronger control laws.
--- boring or written about too often.
Unsatisfactory Topics
Unsatisfactory Topics
2. America should lower the drinking age.
--- boring or written about too often.
3. There are many different theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs.
paragraph.
Sample 1 Find the T.S.
One of the central preoccupations of arts and humanities is the observation of human beings. Painters and sculptors create images of the human form; writers tell stories or compose poems about human experience; musical artists give melodic contours to the human spirit; historians and philosophers ponder the essential qualities of human civilization and nature. And in our own lives, in our own ways, we spend a great deal of our energy and attention on our fellow creatures, being in families and other kinds of relationships, observing people with curiosity and interest in the course of the day, thinking about and forming our own character- deciding what kind of person we wish to be- as we grow.
1. It is a complete sentence. 2. It contains both a topic and a
controlling idea. 3. It is neither too general nor too specific. 4. It tells the reader what to expect in the
5. Nanoscale “trees” improve efficiency in low-cost plastic solar cells.
--- unfamiliar to you, so you can not write about it knowledgeably.
Good Topics
3. Narrowing down the scope of your topic to a facets which can be developed into a research paper
4. Formulating the final topic
subject
topic
Is my topic:
Television programs for children have become increasingly violent.
Learning a foreign language Cathy The food we eat
is more and more important for young people.
1. too limited? 2. too broad? 3. too technical? 4. yesterday’s news? 5. too controversial? 6. likable enough?
Try to tell what are those following sentences belongs to, subject or topic?
moment 6. calls from strangers
calls from advertising …
Part II --- Paragraph
1.
outside
2.
How are my paragraphs going look to my readers ?
How long should my paragraph be ?
is the kindest neighbor I have ever known.
has a profound effect on our health.
Choosing a topic
1. Selecting a general topic
2. Reading and thinking
succeed 6. play games
surf the net …
Disadvantages 1. expensive 2. harmful radiation 3. disturbing in public 4. dangerous in driving 5. ring in embarrassing
Clear-cut, narrow & broad enough, information available
Try to do the exercises in P3
Try to narrow down the scope and make them specific topics on which you can write a paper.
Unusual, enough information, fresh, narrow & broad enough
3. Why my father/ mother is my hero…
Interesting, narrow, easy research, sufficient details
4. How to solve a quadratic equation…
Targeting
General (I) --- Paragraph
Warm-up Activities having a mobile phone
Advantages 1. convenient 2. in an emergency 3. save time 4. information age 5. grasp any chance to
students. One final suggestion: do not be too eager to
settle on any single topic immediately. You’d better have 2-3 possibilities in mind.
Criteria for your T.S
2. General topic: The Lost Generation Writers Restricted: F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Novels More restricted: Fitzgerald and His The Great Gatsby Topic chosen: Gatsby's Death and the Disillusionment
Sample 2 Find the T.S.
Shakespearian characters live. They are no stilted creations intended to represent differing points of view. They are people, with all the usual human foibles and weaknesses. As we laugh at or sympathize with them, we are learning something about our own selves. Shakespeare knew human nature so well and created his characters according to that knowledge. His understanding of human psychology is amazing and is one reason for the continued success of Shakespearian drama.
1. What is a paragraph supposed to do ?
inside 2. What should I keep in mind when I am writing one ?
To create a piece of writing, we have to start with paragraph.
1. General topic: 20th Century American Novelists Restricted: Hemingway and His Works More restricted: Hemingway and HiБайду номын сангаас Short Stories Topic chosen: Old People in Hemingway’s Short Stories
---too broad and can not be completed within the time allocated.
4. America needs stronger control laws.
--- boring or written about too often.
Unsatisfactory Topics
Unsatisfactory Topics
2. America should lower the drinking age.
--- boring or written about too often.
3. There are many different theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs.
paragraph.
Sample 1 Find the T.S.
One of the central preoccupations of arts and humanities is the observation of human beings. Painters and sculptors create images of the human form; writers tell stories or compose poems about human experience; musical artists give melodic contours to the human spirit; historians and philosophers ponder the essential qualities of human civilization and nature. And in our own lives, in our own ways, we spend a great deal of our energy and attention on our fellow creatures, being in families and other kinds of relationships, observing people with curiosity and interest in the course of the day, thinking about and forming our own character- deciding what kind of person we wish to be- as we grow.
1. It is a complete sentence. 2. It contains both a topic and a
controlling idea. 3. It is neither too general nor too specific. 4. It tells the reader what to expect in the
5. Nanoscale “trees” improve efficiency in low-cost plastic solar cells.
--- unfamiliar to you, so you can not write about it knowledgeably.
Good Topics
3. Narrowing down the scope of your topic to a facets which can be developed into a research paper
4. Formulating the final topic
subject
topic
Is my topic:
Television programs for children have become increasingly violent.
Learning a foreign language Cathy The food we eat
is more and more important for young people.
1. too limited? 2. too broad? 3. too technical? 4. yesterday’s news? 5. too controversial? 6. likable enough?
Try to tell what are those following sentences belongs to, subject or topic?
moment 6. calls from strangers
calls from advertising …
Part II --- Paragraph
1.
outside
2.
How are my paragraphs going look to my readers ?
How long should my paragraph be ?
is the kindest neighbor I have ever known.
has a profound effect on our health.
Choosing a topic
1. Selecting a general topic
2. Reading and thinking
succeed 6. play games
surf the net …
Disadvantages 1. expensive 2. harmful radiation 3. disturbing in public 4. dangerous in driving 5. ring in embarrassing
Clear-cut, narrow & broad enough, information available
Try to do the exercises in P3
Try to narrow down the scope and make them specific topics on which you can write a paper.
Unusual, enough information, fresh, narrow & broad enough
3. Why my father/ mother is my hero…
Interesting, narrow, easy research, sufficient details
4. How to solve a quadratic equation…
Targeting
General (I) --- Paragraph
Warm-up Activities having a mobile phone
Advantages 1. convenient 2. in an emergency 3. save time 4. information age 5. grasp any chance to
students. One final suggestion: do not be too eager to
settle on any single topic immediately. You’d better have 2-3 possibilities in mind.
Criteria for your T.S
2. General topic: The Lost Generation Writers Restricted: F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Novels More restricted: Fitzgerald and His The Great Gatsby Topic chosen: Gatsby's Death and the Disillusionment