介词专项练习
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
_o_n__ June 20, 2008/ the morning of 16th
a_t/_o_n_ the weekend/ weekends
2) O__n__ hearing the news, she burst into
tears. 3、时段，用在年,月,季节,上下午,晚上等词 前 1）__i_n_ 2003/ September/ Autumn/ the 21st century/ the morning 2 ） The project will finish __in__ three
on+媒介/ the+交通工具
要注意的地方 1.With everything bought (buy), she
went out the store with a full basket happily. 2.She had no trouble finishing （finish） the job. 3.It was late and there wasn’t any body to whom she could turn for help.
8. The plane will surely arrive by ten o'clock. ⑥ 到…为止
9. It's five o'clock by my watch. 10. Judging by appearances can be misleading.
⑦根据，按照 according to
1.with的复合结构
2.介词的省略
3.定从中的介词提前
for 的用法 表原因;
We apologize for any inconvenience caused during the repairs. 我们为维修期间造成的任何不便道歉。
apologize to sb for sth
She stared at me for a few seconds and handed back the money. 表长达一段时间 To pay for the high-tech health care, people can buy health insurance for their pets.
of China.
与…相邻（接壤）
Japan lies _t_o___ the northeast of China. 不接壤
（遍及）全世界 throughout the world all over the world around the world
by的用法
①被，由
1. America was discovered by Columbus.
2. There is a desk by the window. ②在…旁边
3. Have you ever been to Guangzhou by ship?
③ 乘，坐
4. He passed the college entrance examination
by hard work.④ 凭借，依靠
4.考点体现 ：1.语法填空（纯空格） 2.作文表达 3.利用介词美化文章
5.解题方法 6.容易错误和要注意的地方
介词短语的句法功能
1. Recently the most moving thing is in the earthquake. 作表语
2. I saw a girl behind the man.作宾补
用手工制作的
by “靠…用…”表示一种方 式或手段或用于固定短语中
I learned it _t_h_r_o_u_g_h_ a friend. He succeeded _th_r_o_u_g_h_/_b_yhard work. through “通过” 表示一种途径，有时可 与by 换用。
He talks __i_n__ French. pay in cash 以现金支付 in “用…（语言）”
by
+时间点
“到…时候为止”bbyy
now the end
of
for +时间段 “(动作/状态)持续的时间;
长达多久时间，常与完成时连用
since “自从…时候以来”，也常与完成 时连用（主句）
区分： after/ in / later 表示时间
He will be back _i_n_two hours. He will be back two hours _l_a_t_e_r. He will be back a_f_t_e_r two o’clock. He came back _a_f_te_r_ two hours.
What he told you just now was not new t_o_ me.
用besides, except, except for, but/apart from填空 We need fifteen more people __b_e_si_d_e_s_ our team to do the job. _E_x_c_e_p_t_f_o_ra desk or two, the classroom was empty. She seldom talked of anything _b_u_t___ painting. _B_e_si_d_e_shis wife, his daughter also went swimming. We all attended the meeting _e_x_c_e_p_t Xiao Li. There is no one here __b_u_t__ Mary and Tom. Who _b_u_t__ a fool would do such a thing? besides also，another，more，other，else，too except 句末 except for句首或句末
为了…
for 的用法
He was too proud to ask his family for help and support.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
他自尊心太强，不愿向家人寻求 帮助和支持。
ask sb for sth问某人要某物
Are you for or against the war?.
赞成
反对 object to
months.
注意：
• 表示时间的词(morning, afternoon, evening, Sunday…)前面有last, next, this, that时，不再用介词
• tomorrow, tonight前也不再加介词
区分： by/ for / since 在表示时间
You must be back __b_y__ four o'clock. We have studied English _f_o_r__ many years. They have been close friends s_i_n_c_e childhood.
3. The girl in red is my sister.作定语(后置定语)
4. 1) We live in Guangzhou. 作地点状语
2) She got to school at 9:00. 作时间状语
3) I go back home by bus. 作方式状语
4) The game was put off because of rain.
within 在…范围内 -- (反义词）beyond
It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot w__i_th_i_n_ easy reach.
在容易到达的范围之内
by/ in/ with/ on用法归纳
write w__it_h_ a pen/ cut w__it_h_ with a knife see _w_i_th_ our eyes with+工具/人体部位 __in__ English/ i_n___ your own words
pay sb by the hour 按小时付钱给某人
rent a car by the day/week/month
表示方式、手段、工具
区分 by/ through/ with/ in
I make a living _b_y____teaching. by means of “用，通过…方法” pay by cheque 用支票付款 learn sth by heart 背，记住 These baskets are made by hand.
in favor of
oppose vt.
for , to for表示“为了.” to 表示动作对象, “对, 向”
He would do anything _fo_r_ his motherland.
Did you mention this _to_ my father? for 表示“就某情况而说 ”, to 表示“对某对象而言”如： It’s quite warm todayfo_r__ November.
介词
1.概念：介词是用来表明名词、代词与句中其他 词的关系的词。
2.构成：1.简单介词 in, at 2.合成介词 into without 3.双重介词He came from behind the door. 4.介词短语 thanks to, because of
3.特征：1.是虚词，一般不重读 2.介于vi与宾语之间或在名，动名或代之前 3.有自己的意思 4.与后面的词共同充当句子的成分。
_w_i_th_ time going by = as time goes/went by 连词
with 的复合结构： with sb. doing sth. done sth. to do
I wouldn’t have entered this famous university _w__i_th_o__u_t_ your help. 隐含的条件句虚拟语气
to have an interview with people from the
university.
“与…,和…”
3. Her fingers were numb with cold.
numb with cold 冻得发麻 表原因
jump with joy 高兴得跳起来
smile with satisfaction 满意地笑 表伴随
5) …
作原因状语
主要功能： 介宾短语通常在句中充当 _表__语____、 _宾___补_____、定___语__(_后__置___）或者__状___语______。
常用介词的用法
在下列空格中填入适当的介词
1、时间上的某一点、某时刻、时间、阶段
_a_t_1:00/ dawn/ noon/ the present stage/ the age of 17 2、 1) 具体某一天(的上下午/晚上)或星期几
He We
was see
_ww_r_iitt_hi_ngou_wr__eit_yh_es_.
a
pencil.
with “用…” 后常接具体有形的物体。
with 的用法: “用…表”伴随“带着，有，随
12..TShoemme ahnigwhesncthhoooml se着tuwd”ietnhtas
happy heart. may be required
__in__ a low voice in+语言/声音/方法way __in__ this way __b_y_ bike/ bus/ train/ road/ air/ sea/ land
_b_y__ this means by+交通工具/方法means _o_n__ the radio/ the phone/ TV __o_n_ the bike/ bus/ train/ ship
5. By working hard he gained rapid promotion.
6. He is older than his wife by three years.
7. The car factory hopes to increase its output by 50% next year. ⑤ 增加、减少/相差的幅度
表将来
in + 时间段 after + 时间点
after+ 时间段 可用于过去时
in/ on/ to 在表达地理位置上的区别
Haerbin lies _i_n___ the northeast of China. 在…范围之内
The North Korea lies _o__n___ the northeast
a_t/_o_n_ the weekend/ weekends
2) O__n__ hearing the news, she burst into
tears. 3、时段，用在年,月,季节,上下午,晚上等词 前 1）__i_n_ 2003/ September/ Autumn/ the 21st century/ the morning 2 ） The project will finish __in__ three
on+媒介/ the+交通工具
要注意的地方 1.With everything bought (buy), she
went out the store with a full basket happily. 2.She had no trouble finishing （finish） the job. 3.It was late and there wasn’t any body to whom she could turn for help.
8. The plane will surely arrive by ten o'clock. ⑥ 到…为止
9. It's five o'clock by my watch. 10. Judging by appearances can be misleading.
⑦根据，按照 according to
1.with的复合结构
2.介词的省略
3.定从中的介词提前
for 的用法 表原因;
We apologize for any inconvenience caused during the repairs. 我们为维修期间造成的任何不便道歉。
apologize to sb for sth
She stared at me for a few seconds and handed back the money. 表长达一段时间 To pay for the high-tech health care, people can buy health insurance for their pets.
of China.
与…相邻（接壤）
Japan lies _t_o___ the northeast of China. 不接壤
（遍及）全世界 throughout the world all over the world around the world
by的用法
①被，由
1. America was discovered by Columbus.
2. There is a desk by the window. ②在…旁边
3. Have you ever been to Guangzhou by ship?
③ 乘，坐
4. He passed the college entrance examination
by hard work.④ 凭借，依靠
4.考点体现 ：1.语法填空（纯空格） 2.作文表达 3.利用介词美化文章
5.解题方法 6.容易错误和要注意的地方
介词短语的句法功能
1. Recently the most moving thing is in the earthquake. 作表语
2. I saw a girl behind the man.作宾补
用手工制作的
by “靠…用…”表示一种方 式或手段或用于固定短语中
I learned it _t_h_r_o_u_g_h_ a friend. He succeeded _th_r_o_u_g_h_/_b_yhard work. through “通过” 表示一种途径，有时可 与by 换用。
He talks __i_n__ French. pay in cash 以现金支付 in “用…（语言）”
by
+时间点
“到…时候为止”bbyy
now the end
of
for +时间段 “(动作/状态)持续的时间;
长达多久时间，常与完成时连用
since “自从…时候以来”，也常与完成 时连用（主句）
区分： after/ in / later 表示时间
He will be back _i_n_two hours. He will be back two hours _l_a_t_e_r. He will be back a_f_t_e_r two o’clock. He came back _a_f_te_r_ two hours.
What he told you just now was not new t_o_ me.
用besides, except, except for, but/apart from填空 We need fifteen more people __b_e_si_d_e_s_ our team to do the job. _E_x_c_e_p_t_f_o_ra desk or two, the classroom was empty. She seldom talked of anything _b_u_t___ painting. _B_e_si_d_e_shis wife, his daughter also went swimming. We all attended the meeting _e_x_c_e_p_t Xiao Li. There is no one here __b_u_t__ Mary and Tom. Who _b_u_t__ a fool would do such a thing? besides also，another，more，other，else，too except 句末 except for句首或句末
为了…
for 的用法
He was too proud to ask his family for help and support.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
他自尊心太强，不愿向家人寻求 帮助和支持。
ask sb for sth问某人要某物
Are you for or against the war?.
赞成
反对 object to
months.
注意：
• 表示时间的词(morning, afternoon, evening, Sunday…)前面有last, next, this, that时，不再用介词
• tomorrow, tonight前也不再加介词
区分： by/ for / since 在表示时间
You must be back __b_y__ four o'clock. We have studied English _f_o_r__ many years. They have been close friends s_i_n_c_e childhood.
3. The girl in red is my sister.作定语(后置定语)
4. 1) We live in Guangzhou. 作地点状语
2) She got to school at 9:00. 作时间状语
3) I go back home by bus. 作方式状语
4) The game was put off because of rain.
within 在…范围内 -- (反义词）beyond
It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot w__i_th_i_n_ easy reach.
在容易到达的范围之内
by/ in/ with/ on用法归纳
write w__it_h_ a pen/ cut w__it_h_ with a knife see _w_i_th_ our eyes with+工具/人体部位 __in__ English/ i_n___ your own words
pay sb by the hour 按小时付钱给某人
rent a car by the day/week/month
表示方式、手段、工具
区分 by/ through/ with/ in
I make a living _b_y____teaching. by means of “用，通过…方法” pay by cheque 用支票付款 learn sth by heart 背，记住 These baskets are made by hand.
in favor of
oppose vt.
for , to for表示“为了.” to 表示动作对象, “对, 向”
He would do anything _fo_r_ his motherland.
Did you mention this _to_ my father? for 表示“就某情况而说 ”, to 表示“对某对象而言”如： It’s quite warm todayfo_r__ November.
介词
1.概念：介词是用来表明名词、代词与句中其他 词的关系的词。
2.构成：1.简单介词 in, at 2.合成介词 into without 3.双重介词He came from behind the door. 4.介词短语 thanks to, because of
3.特征：1.是虚词，一般不重读 2.介于vi与宾语之间或在名，动名或代之前 3.有自己的意思 4.与后面的词共同充当句子的成分。
_w_i_th_ time going by = as time goes/went by 连词
with 的复合结构： with sb. doing sth. done sth. to do
I wouldn’t have entered this famous university _w__i_th_o__u_t_ your help. 隐含的条件句虚拟语气
to have an interview with people from the
university.
“与…,和…”
3. Her fingers were numb with cold.
numb with cold 冻得发麻 表原因
jump with joy 高兴得跳起来
smile with satisfaction 满意地笑 表伴随
5) …
作原因状语
主要功能： 介宾短语通常在句中充当 _表__语____、 _宾___补_____、定___语__(_后__置___）或者__状___语______。
常用介词的用法
在下列空格中填入适当的介词
1、时间上的某一点、某时刻、时间、阶段
_a_t_1:00/ dawn/ noon/ the present stage/ the age of 17 2、 1) 具体某一天(的上下午/晚上)或星期几
He We
was see
_ww_r_iitt_hi_ngou_wr__eit_yh_es_.
a
pencil.
with “用…” 后常接具体有形的物体。
with 的用法: “用…表”伴随“带着，有，随
12..TShoemme ahnigwhesncthhoooml se着tuwd”ietnhtas
happy heart. may be required
__in__ a low voice in+语言/声音/方法way __in__ this way __b_y_ bike/ bus/ train/ road/ air/ sea/ land
_b_y__ this means by+交通工具/方法means _o_n__ the radio/ the phone/ TV __o_n_ the bike/ bus/ train/ ship
5. By working hard he gained rapid promotion.
6. He is older than his wife by three years.
7. The car factory hopes to increase its output by 50% next year. ⑤ 增加、减少/相差的幅度
表将来
in + 时间段 after + 时间点
after+ 时间段 可用于过去时
in/ on/ to 在表达地理位置上的区别
Haerbin lies _i_n___ the northeast of China. 在…范围之内
The North Korea lies _o__n___ the northeast