高中英语语法主谓一致公开课精华版

5. 名词有each, every, no修饰时,被and /or 连接时，即使有多个并列的主语，仍看 作 单数形式，谓语用单数 。 • Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.
is 1.Every desk and every chair ____ made of wood. (be)
主谓一致
Learning Aims
Students will
1.correct some mistakes on learning papers. 2. try to grasp the rules of subject-verb agreement by challenging their memory. 3. develop the ability to put the grammar rules into practice.
名词作主语时应注意的几个问题
1. 表时间，距离，金额，重量，数字等的复数名词作 “整体”看时， 。
谓语常用单数
• Two hours is quite enough. 2. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语 动词的单复数。 1) 表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国 名(the United States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news
视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。
Every means has been tried. All means have been tried
学案 — 特殊用法的总结
特殊1：more than one + 单数名词 谓语用单数。 • many a +单数名词 谓语用单数。 特殊2：a large quantity（amount) of + 名词
• 1）动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语用单数
定语从句的谓语和____________一致。 但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。 • What we need is time. ( be) • What we need are books. ( be) 2) 单复同形的名词，如：means, works等。
主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人 称和数上的一致，主语的“人称” 和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。
但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语 名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致 一般要根据语法一致＼意义一致＼ 就近原则．
原则
语法 一致 原则
概念
指主语是单数形式，谓 语动词用单数形式； 主语是复数形式，谓语 也用复数形式 指主语形式上为单数． 但表示复数意义，谓语 动词用复数形式； 或主语形式上为复 数．但表示单数意义, 谓语动词用单数形式
•视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。
• Now all has changed. have • All are silent at the meeting. be
• 2. 不定代词(all指人除外)，many a ＋名词单 数, more than one作主语时, 谓语用单数。 • 但more +复数名词+than one 谓语用复数。 • 1.More students than one have gone there • Up to now. has 2.Many a boy and girl _____made the same mistake. (have) 3.Many a student ____ likes (like) pop songs.
4. 有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的 物品。如：trousers, glasses, shoes, gloves, shorts, scissors等，
• 这类名词作主语时， 谓语常用复数。
• 但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of 修饰时， 则应被看作 单数形式，谓语常用单数
例句
Steve Ember is a good player． Children like toys.
意义 一致 原则
My family are having lunch now． News is travelling fast nowadays．
谓语动词用单数形式还 There is a knife and two forks on 是用复数形式取决于最 the desk． 靠近它的主语 就近 Either you or he is to go． 一致 原则
are _________ girls. (be)
2>.Seventy percent of the surface of the
------
earth ______covered with / by water. is
-------------------
三、代词作主语时的主谓一致问题
1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作 主语时，
找一找共同点： is 1>. What we need _______ hard work. are suitable What we need ______ materials. was what he told me. 2>. Such ________ were Such _________ his words. is 3>. The following ______ his advice on learning English. are The following _______ some tips to learn English.
源自文库
2. 就近一致：
……or…… either……or…… neither…….nor…… 连接的词作主语， not only……but also…… not…… but …… There be……
谓语与靠近的主语一致，就近原则
1>.______ or he to attend tomorrow’s Are you ▲ meeting? (be) is 2>.Either you or ▲ he ______ mistaken. (be) go 3>.Neither Mary nor her parents _________ ▲ in for rock music. (go) 4>.There _____ a pen and some books ▲ is on the table. (be)
is 2.No boy and no girl ___ (be) in the classroom.
二、由连词连接的名词或代词作主语时
的主谓一致问题
• 1. 以and连接的两个名词作主语时， 谓语用复数形式 Walking and riding are good exercises. 注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指 的是同一人，物或概念时，谓语用单数 。 The teacher and writer is popular with his students. • (区别：The teacher and the writer are…)
• 2) family, class, government，audience, class, committee, enemy等名词 • 表示整体时， 谓语常用单数 • 表其中的成员时，
谓语常用复数
1. His family _____ always quarrelling among ______. A.is；itself B.are；themselves C.is；themselves D.are；itself
谓语常用单数。 • quantities (amounts) of + 名词 谓语用复数。 特殊3：and 连接的两个主语指同一人/事物/概念 谓语用单数。
特殊4：集合名词police, people, cattle 谓语用复数。 特殊5：“the +形容词/过去分词” 表示一类人， 谓语用复数。
四、当堂检测
谓语常用单数
2) the Olympic Games 谓语常用复数
The Olympic Games are held once
every four years. (be)
1.“______ twenty dollars a big sum to Is her?” “I suppose so.”(be ) is 2.Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.(be)
---
so far.
就后一致: (即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致) 4. ---分数 + of ; 百分数 + of some of ; part of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ; …. + 名词
作主语时，谓语动词取决于后面名词的数
1>.One third of the students in our class --------------
5. 1>.The aged ______ are being cared for in the community. (be) 2> The aged man______ being cared is
for in the community. (be)
has been 6. 1>. A singer and dancer ______ invited to the party. （have) have 2>. A singer and a dancer ________ been invited to the party.
• 类似地:
sell (sell) well. Apples of this kind ______ This kind of apples _______(sell) well. sells
3. The population of China _______ is far larger than that of Japan.(be) Eighty percent of the population are farmers. in China ________ 4. has 1>.Every means ______ been tried to solve the problem.(have) All means _______ have been tried to solve the problem.
这样的结构做主语，
谓语动词仅与 A 一致
is 1>.The teacher as well as her students ________
----------fond of popular music very much. 2>. All but Tom _______________(know) the truth have known
比一比
1. Our class _______ a big one.（be) is Our class ______ are fond of music. 2. 1>.The trousers _________ mine. (be) are 2>.This pair of trousers ____ mine. is
His “Selected Poems” ______first published in 1970. A.was B. were C. had been D. have been
• 3. 集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词 的单复数： • 1) people, police, cattle等名词 谓语常用复数
3.就前一致: (即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)
with; together with; along with；but;
名词 A + except; besides, including; as well as;
in addition to, not; rather than;
+ 名词 B
like