新时代大学英语第三册Unit 8new
大学体验英语第三册 unit 8
Culture Notes
Palestinian Arabs' claims to the land are based on continuous residence in the country for hundreds of years and the fact that they represented the demographic majority. They reject the notion that a biblical-era kingdom constitutes the basis for a valid modern claim.
2.The African Countries
Department of College English
2. What are the causes of conflicts in the world? References
1. Expansion of Land 2. Religious beliefs 3. Racial discrimination 4. Energy 5. Border clarification 6. Beauties (Trojan War) 7. Resources 8. Arms control 9. Hegemonic 10. Terrorism 11. Trade 12.Power
Questions
Look at the following pictures and discuss with your partner: 1. Where do the wars and conflicts most frequently happen in the world nowadays? 2. What are the causes of conflicts in the world? 3. Who suffer from the wars and conflicts? And how?
新标准大学英语3第八单元课文翻译
第八单元国际妇女节国际妇女节那天，我在车站外面碰见了雅科夫和他的新女朋友，他们正在挑选放在玻璃箱里待售的玫瑰花。
他的女朋友叫卡佳，沃罗涅什人，是个天真可爱的姑娘，她接受雅科夫是听了他的一面之词。
花贩们的生意非常红火；一群男士站在那儿等着买花，点出手里的卢布。
三月八号这一天，你一定要给你生命中的那个女人买束花。
不然的话她就会抱怨个不停。
这些都是99号房的那几个姑娘告诉我的。
在国际妇女节那一天, 苏联的妇女们沐浴在男性所给予的爱意和感激之中。
因为这一天是假日，早上她们不用去上班，可以懒洋洋地躺在床上。
而她们的丈夫们则要为全家人做早饭，虽然嘴里骂骂咧咧的，还弄得锅碗瓢盆叮当乱响；到了十点，丈夫颇为自豪地把煎得焦糊糊、皱巴巴的鸡蛋端到妻子跟前。
盘子边上还放着一束鲜花，一份小礼物，可能是一瓶香水或者一双裤袜，妻子会高兴得大叫起来，激动好一会儿，直到孩子们怒气冲冲地跑过来，小脸涨得通红，闹着要妈妈给他们做一顿像样的早餐。
然后，真正的庆祝开始了。
苏联妇女的一天通常是这么度过的：帮孩子们穿衣起床，送他们上学，准时到办公室上班，午餐时间偷偷溜出去买晚餐要吃的东西，下午的时候再溜出去——如果能偷偷地，不会受到上司责骂的话——设法给最小的那个孩子买一些咳嗽药。
她们会在六点整准时下班，这样她们就可以再去逛几家商店，看看有什么打折的东西，然后去市场，在那儿买到一些便宜的鸡蛋。
她们还会顺便去邮局交电费，然后正好路过干洗店，取回洗好的衣服，回到家里她们就把买回来的东西随处一放，拿个篮子把从市场上买来的便宜鸡蛋装起来。
等她们的丈夫回来的时候，她们已经用吸尘器把家里吸了一遍，擦了一遍灰尘，把两堆脏衣服用洗衣粉泡了起来（如果都是手洗的话，最好能先泡一下）。
而在国际妇女节这一天，她们吃完早饭后会回去接着睡，睡得像松鼠那么沉。
全新版 大学英语 听说教程 第三册 听力原文 Unit 8
Unit 8Part BText 1Why Are Some People Left-handed?Research has shown that 90% of people naturally use their right hands for most tasks. But hundreds of millions of people use their left hands. Then why are some people left-handed? Scientists have been trying to answer that question for many years. A study done in 1992 found that men are more likely to be left-handed than women. It also found that Asian or Hispanic people are less likely to be left-handed than white people, black people or North American Indians. Some cultures accept people who do things mostly with their left hands. Others do not.Scientists want to know the reason for left-handedness because it is closely linked to mental problems and language difficulties. One idea about the cause of left-handedness is the genetic theory. It says that people are right- or left-handed because of genes passed to them by their parents. For example, it has been shown that the handedness of adopted children is more likely to follow that of their birth parents than their adopted parents. Other evidence of genetic involvement can be found in some families. One famous example is the left-handed members of the present British royal family. These include Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles and Prince William.Another idea is that right-handed people are born with the gene for it. But about 20% of people do not have the right-handed gene. These people could be either left- or right-handed. This idea may explain why two babies who have the same genes use different hands. In 18% of identical twins one twin is right-handed, and the other is left-handed. Probably both twins lack the right-handed gene so each has a chance to be either right- or left-handed.Some scientists believe that the cause of handedness could include both genetics and development.Questions:1. What is the passage mainly about?2. Which of the following topics is discussed in more detail in the passage?3. What did the speaker want to convey by an example of the present British royal family?4. What conclusion can you draw from the passage?Text 2Does Being Left-handed Affect One's Life?There are approximately 30 million left-handed people in the United States, and several hundred million more around the world. Most right-handed people have never even considered the possibility that there might be any serious issues affecting left-handers. Even among all of these left-handed people, there are many different opinions about what these issues are and which issuesmight be most important to them.Some left-handers think that being left-handed is a positive factor in their lives, and they feel that there are no serious issues affecting them. Others think that being left-handed is not a significant factor and has not affected their lives one way or another. There are also some left-handers who have no opinion and have never given any thought to what being left-handed has meant to them. But the majority of left-handed people find that being left-handed is at least a small disadvantage and a minor source of frustration in their lives.There are many things that right-handed people take for granted that are quite difficult for left-handers. These include many basic skills like learning to write, learning to use scissors and other hand tools and utensils, and learning various crafts and other activities. Sometimes left-handers are puzzled by equipment designed for right-handers, and other times they are confused by instructors and instructions geared toward teaching right-handers. For some left-handed people this amounts to occasional difficulties and minor inconveniences. For other left-handers it is a lifetime full of failures and frustrations that may lead to much more serious problems.Questions:1. What is the speaker's attitude toward left-handers?2. What can be inferred from the passage about right-handers?3. How do the majority of left-handers feel about their left-handedness?Part CLeft-handedness and Right-handedness in BabiesApproximately 90% of people in the world are naturally right-handed. Why is this so, and are we born one way or the other? The answer to this question is rather complicated.In babies and young children, no single side becomes dominant until around the age of eight. At 12 weeks, babies usually use both hands equally, but by 16 weeks, they mostly use the left hand for touching. By 24 weeks, they have changed again and start using both hands. Then at 28 weeks, they become one-handed again, although this time it is the right hand that is used more. At 32 weeks, they start using both hands again. When they reach the age of 36 weeks, there is another change, with most babies now preferring to use the left hand. Between 40 and 44 weeks, the right hand is once again more used. At 48 weeks, babies switch to using their left hands again, and then between 52 and 56 weeks, the right hand takes over.There are further changes still. At 80 weeks, the right hand loses control, and both are used again equally. When the young child reaches the age of two, the right hand takes over again, but between two and a half and three years, both hands are used equally. Things finally become stable at around four years and stay the same until, by the age of eight, one hand is strongly dominant over the other.Statements:1. At 12 weeks, both hands become dominant.2. By 24 weeks, right hand becomes dominant.3. By 36 weeks, left hand becomes dominant.4. Between 40 and 44 weeks, both hands become dominant.5. At 48 weeks, left hand becomes dominant.6. Between 52 and 56 weeks, both hands becomes dominant.7. At 80 weeks, both hands become dominant.8. At the age of two, right hand becomes dominant.9. Between two and a half and three years, both hands become dominant.10. By the age of eight, one hand is strongly dominant over the other.Part DBrain Organization and HandednessScientific studies during the 1970s and early 1980s suggested that differences in left- and right-handers' patterns of brain organization may be associated with differences in skills, abilities, and perhaps even personalities. In the large majority of right-handers, about 98 or 99 percent, speech is controlled by the left side of the brain.The right side of the brain, however, is usually used for recognizing and remembering faces and understanding relationships in space. In left-handers, it is difficult to know exactly their patterns of brain organization. About 65 to 70 percent of left-handers have speech controlled by the left side of the brain, which is also true of right-handers. But in 30 to 35 percent of left-handers speech is controlled by the right side of the brain. In some left-handers, both sides of the brain are capable of controlling speech.重点单词及词组Part BHispanic 西班牙的genetic 遗传的adopted 被收养的evidence 明显,痕迹approximately 大概地possibility 可能性positive 肯定的,实际的significant 重要的,有意义的frustration 挫败,挫折utensil 器具scissors 剪刀take for granted 想…当然Part Ccomplicated 复杂的dominant 占优势的lose control 失去控制Part Dassociate with 联合majority 多数,大半personality 个性,性格。
unit 8 cloning全新版大学英语第三册第八单元课件
12. beforehand: in advance; earlier e.g. Catherine got married without telling anyone beforehand. Mum had done most of the cooking beforehand, so we weren’t tied to the kitchen.
2. give birth to: 1) bear (a bird), bring forth e.g. Although a mother panda often gives birth to two cubs, she usually abandons one of them without attempting to care for it. The research has shown that mothers who smoke give birth more frequently to premature or underweight babies. create, originate e.g. The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel. Einstein gave birth to a whole new way of looking at matter and energy. 3. for all the world: in every respect; exactly e.g. I felt for all the world as if I was still a child. He looked for all the world like a country doctor.
新标准大学英语三unit8
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在她们酣睡的同时，她们的丈夫们遇上了几个朋友， 大家用最简单而又最诚挚的方式来表达对自己妻子的情 感：在“为我们亲爱的女士们干杯，没有她们我们的日子 就一团糟”的敬酒声中喝得酩酊大醉。深夜他们回到家 里，对自己的妻子说爱她。总之，对前苏联的广大妇女们 来说，这一天过得不错。
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她们还会顺便去邮局交电费，然后正好路过干洗店，取回洗 好的衣服，回到家里她们就把买回来的东西随处一放，拿个 桶把从市场上买来的便宜鸡蛋装起来。等她们的丈夫回来 的时候，她们已经用吸尘器把家里吸了一遍，擦了一遍灰 尘，把两堆脏衣服用洗衣粉泡了起来（如果都是手洗的话， 最好能先泡一下）。而在国际妇女节这一天，她们吃完早饭 后会回去接着睡，睡得像松鼠那么沉。
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On International Women's Day, I bumped into Yakov with his new girlfriend, inspecting the roses for sale in glass cases outside the station. She was called Katya, a dewy-eyed, sweet girl from Voronezh, who accepted Yakov on his own reckoning. The flower sellers were doing a busy trade; clusters of men stood waiting, counting out roubles in their hands. It was important to buy flowers for the woman in your life on 8 March. You'd never hear the end of it otherwise.
新视野大学英语精读第三册 unit eight
view : v. think about sb. or sth. in a particular way e.g. The journalist asked the minister how he viewed the recent events.
It seems probable that he will view our request with favor.
derive / get benefit from 从……中获益 hurt sb. for one’s own benefit 损人利己 mutual benefit 互利 unemployment benefit 失业津贴
have trouble doing sth. : have difficulty / problem in doing sth. e.g. Students growing up from nursery school to college have trouble dealing with realities. People usually have trouble getting their cars started in cold winter. Collocations: ask / look for trouble get into trouble have trouble with make trouble
Collocations:
one’s best to do sth. on out one’s fortune 竭尽所能做某事 试穿 试验 碰运气
try try try try
benefit: n. an advantage, improvement, or help that you get from sth. e.g. The discovery of oil brought many benefits to the town. I’ve had the benefit of a good education. 辨析： benefit, advantage & profit 这三个名词 均有“利益、好处”之意。 Benefit 普通用词，指通过正当手段从物质或 精神方面得到的任何好处或利益。 Advantage 指因某方面占优势或利用某机会以及 对方弱点而获得利益与好处。 Profit 着重收益，尤指从物质、钱财等方面 获得的利益。
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册—Unit8
Reading Tast
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • [01:24.48]to think that a long list of diseases could be treated. [01:27.75]I founded the stem cell research company Stemagen [01:32.42]with another gentleman whose father had died of ALS. [01:36.48]We went out for drinks one night [01:38.80]and we started talking about our parents. [01:41.31]We wanted to do something that would be a legacy for them. [01:45.10]For Better Or Worse? [01:48.19]The moment we decided to start Stemagen, [01:53.23]I read all there was to read about the various cloning efforts in the past. [01:58.23]The cloned sheep Dolly in 1997 was very interesting, [02:03.15]but at that stage people were not focusing on the stem cell aspect of cloning; [02:08.47]they were focusing on the reproductive possibilities of cloning. [02:12.34]Human reproductive cloning [02:14.87]is just simply wrong ethically [02:17.15]from a medical standpoint and a scientific standpoint, [02:20.70]even ignoring any religious issues associated with it. [02:24.53]The reason is that the majority of reproductive clones [02:28.29]in other species are actually abnormal, [02:31.19]with very high miscarriage rates, [02:33.46]very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, [02:36.78]death soon after birth, et cetera.
全新版大学英语综合教程第三册课件—Unit 8
Prometheus
In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a Titan, or the son of a Titan, and brother to Atlas and Epimetheus (afterthought). He was a champion of human-kind known for his wily intelligence, who stole fire from Zeus and gave it to mortals.
1. Molecular Cloning
Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple copies of a defined DNA sequence. Cloning is frequently used to amplify DNA fragments containing whole genes, but it can also be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences and randomly fragmented DNA.
Genetic Engineering
In such a new field controversy inevitably abounds. Worries concerning release of genetically novel bacteria into the environment, or the possible manipulation of human embryos, have led to the setting up in the USA of the Genetic Manipulation Advisory Group (GMAG). Legislation governing genetic research has also been passed in several other countries.
新编第二版新视野大学英语第三册unit8第八单元sectionA课件
播视频短片
Unit 8 Section A Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning
Contents
Lead-in
A B C D E
Cloned Animals
What animals do you know have been cloned so far?
Cloned Animals
Dolly
Dolly (July 5, 1996 – February 14, 2003) , a ewe, was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell. She was cloned at the Roslin Institute in the United Kingdom and lived there until her death when she was 6.
2. What could cloning really do for us? 3. What are the arguments for human cloning? 4. What are the arguments against cloning?
1. Why did the birth of Dolly become the focus
Para.19
III. Text Study
1. Creative Application of Typical Expressions 2. Further Application of Typical Patterns 3. Key Words 4. Useful Expressions 5. Key and Difficult Sentences
Unit 8 新视野大学英语第三册
A Teaching Plan for Unit 8(In New Horizon College English Book 3)Ⅰ. Time: 10 class hoursⅡ. Contents:Listening and SpeakingSection A: Legal and Moral Implications of CloningSection B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human CloningⅢ. Suggested Timetable:1.The first two-class-hour session for listening and speaking (Unit 8 in College EnglishListening and Speaking Course Book 3)2.The next four-class-hour session for Section A3.The fourth two-class-hour session for exercises of Section A4.The fifth two-class-hour session for Section B and Section CⅣ. Aims and Requirements:Listening and Speaking:1.Train the students’ability to understand the main idea and grasp important details of thelistening texts.2.Give the students a chance to exchange views on the texts they have heard to enable them tohave a deeper understanding of the texts.Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of CloningStudents will be able to:1.grasp the main idea(legal and moral implications of cloning);2.appreciate and learn to use the important writing technique employed by the author---- listing;3.master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme ofthe unit.Section B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning1.Identify the writer’s purpose( informational writing, persuasive writing, texts writing)2.Identify the function of the rhetorical questions3.Have a good command of some useful expressionsⅤ. Focal Points and Difficult Points:Listening and Speaking:1.Enable students to be familiar with the passage listening skill2.Grasp some words and expression which often appear in CET-4Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning1.Learn to use the structure “what if +clause” and the “with + prep.” structure2.Grasp several CET-4 key words and phrasesSection B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning1. Analyze rhetorical questionsⅥ. Suggested Teaching Procedure and Methodology:Listening and Speaking: (an interactive approach is introduced)1. Pre-listening Task: arrange the students in pairs and ask them to discuss the followingquestions:(1). Do you have any friends who are left-handed? Do you find them special in any way?(2). What might happen if a left-handed child is forced to become right-handed?(3). Do you think left-handed people are more intelligent than right-handed people? Why or whynot?(4). What advantages and disadvantages do left-handed people have?Some key words and expressions in Language Focus:baffle: v. 1.be too difficult for sb to understand; puzzlee.g. One of the exam questions baffled me completely.2. prevent sb from doing something; frustratee.g. She baffled all our attempt to find her.2. Background Information:Handedness means a preference for the use of either the right hand or the left hand.According to statistics, approximately 75% of the human population is strongly right-handed, and approximately 90% is predominantly right-handed. Among the remaining 10%, some people are strongly left-handed, and others are left-handed for some activities and right-handed for others.Since ours is largely a right-handed world, people in many cultures used to regard left-handedness as abnormal. And left-handed people often have a tough time trying to adapt to the ways things were. At present, however, people are more understanding and almost all left-handed children are allowed to write with their left hands.Why some people are left-handed has been puzzling scientists for a long time. However, up to now no one has come up with a definitive answer, because no gene for left-handedness has been identified. But it does seem to run strongly within a family.3.Listening to text 1 and 24.Speaking tasks: ask the students to get into pairs and explain to them how to carry outSpeaking Task A—reflections on the texts, then select a pair to present their views in class.Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning1. Background Information1.cloning: the process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means.2.DNA: (脱氧核糖核酸) the chemical at the center of the cells of living things whichcontrols the structure and the purpose of each cell and carries genetic information during reproduction.2.Pre-reading ActivitiesPlease listen to a short passage twice and answer some questions1.From a medical standpoint, what are the positive and negative effects of human cloning?2.From a social and moral standpoint, do you think cloning would be a good thing for humans?3.What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to createhuman beings according to certain requirements?听力原文：The creation of Dolly, a cloned sheep, has aroused great attention around the world. Wenow live in the reality of human cloning. This suggests, on one hand, great medical development and possibilities in curing previously incurable diseases. On the other hand, human cloning has brought confusion and fear to people who worry that it would threaten human society and dignity. If humans are produced, whom will we respect as ancestors, father, or mother? Will cloned people be true humans? The problem really is the creation of a new world order of humans.Answers:1. From a medical standpoint, what are the positive and negative effects of human cloning?It suggests, on one hand, great medical development and possibilities in curing previously incurable diseases.2. From a social and moral standpoint, do you think cloning would be a good thing for humans? Human cloning has brought confusion and fear to people who worry that it would threaten human society and dignity.3. What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements?The problem really is the creation of a new world order of humans.3. Work on Section AA) Text Structure AnalysisThe essay focuses on one central theme: the legal and moral implications of cloning. It could be divided into four parts.Part 1 (Para.1): background situation of the passage--- with the success of cloning an adult mammal, a world with human clones was suddenly within reach.Part 2 (Paras.2-3): responses to the background situation mentioned in Para.1.Part 3 (Paras.4-18): a list if puzzles or questions.Part 4 (Para.19): Conclusion--- the list of questions could go on; people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.B) Raise some questions to make students grasp some detailed information in the text(question and answer method is used)P art 1 (Para.1)Question:(1) What caught the imagination of everyone?Answer: Word last week that a scientist named Ian Wilmut had succeeded in cloning an adult mammal.Part 2 (Paras.2-3)Questions: (1).To the first successfully cloned sheep, what are the responses from governments?(2). And how do scientists react to it?Answers: (1). Governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown future and President Clinton ordered a national commission to study the relative issues. Some countriesbegan examining the moral implications of cloning other species. (Para. 2)(2). Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight,cloning has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists. (Para. 3)Part 3 (Paras.4-18)Questions: (1). How many puzzles or questions are mentioned in this part? And what are they?(2). What is the greatest concern about human cloning for society?Answers: (1). Six puzzles are mentioned. Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place? Will it be possible to clone the dead? Would a cloned human be identical tothe original? What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs? Howwould a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? What are the other implications ofcloning for society?(2). The greatest concern is genetic engineering—the deliberate altering of genes tocreate human beings.Part 4(Para.19)Question: (1). Will questions about cloning end soon?Answer: No. The list of questions will go on.nguage PointsP art 1 (Para.1)1. At first it was just plain surprising.plain: ad. obviously; plainly; unmistakably (“Plain” is often used informally for “Plainly”)e.g. What Tom said was plain wrong.2.Word last week that a scientist named Ian Wilmut has succeeded in cloning an adultmammal—an achievement long thought impossible—caught the imagination of everyone. Meaning: The news that a scientist named Ian Wilmut had successfully cloned an adult mammal led people to imagine a lot. His successful clone was an achievement that has beenthought impossible for a long time.word: a piece of news or message (in this sense without a or the)e.g.. Word came that I was needed at home.有消息传来说家里需要我。
新视界大学英语综合教程3第八单元【可编辑】
Skimming
Task
◇Browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.
◇Answer the questions of Activity 2 and 3 on page 171.
Skimming
➋ Check (✓) the traditions which the writer describes in the passage.
Skimming
➌ Answer the questions.
1 What used to happen on Stir-up Sunday? Everyone helped make the Christmas pudding, stirring it and making wishes.
2 What can’t the family decide before going to the market, and why? They can’t decide what to eat for the Christmas lunch because they have different opinions.
More
Warming up
rather funny – and Bonfire Night, with fireworks on a cold December evening. That was atmospheric. The English remember the night a man called Guy Fawkes tried to enter the Houses of Parliament back in the 1600s. The only thing is I don’t understand whether they are celebrating the fact that he was caught, or that he tried to do it.
新标准大学英语三unit8
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我们这么做，显然是因为圣诞节和元旦已经成了全球性 的节日，并不是因为它们（尤其是圣诞节）在本质上和精神 上主要代表了西方文化，而是因为在这几天里我们能好好放 松一下。 但是，圣诞节对于东方文化，尤其是中国文化的影响与 日俱增，对此，一些学者和学生们表示担忧。从某种程度上 讲，他们的忧虑是有道理的。的确，与几十年前相比，现在 中国人花在圣诞节上的时间和精力似乎要多很多。
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We do so apparently because Christmas and New Year have become global festivals, not because they (especially Christmas) are essentially Western in nature and spirit, but because we can relax during those few days. 4 Nevertheless, some scholars and students have expressed concern over the increasing influence of Christmas on oriental, particularly Chinese, culture. Their fears may be justified to a certain extent. In fact, we Chinese do seem to attach a lot more time and attention to Christmas today than we did even a couple of decades ago.
《大学英语三课件：Unit8》
Dictionary Usage
Learn how to use a dictionary effectively to improve your language skills.
Contextual Learning
Discover techniques to learn new words and expressions in context.
Discover strategies to identify
main ideas and key details in
3
Practice Exercises
spoken texts.
Engage in interactive activities to
enhance your listening skills.
Speaking: Giving a Formal Presentation
Organization & Struesentation effectively for maximum impact.
Delivery Skills
Grammar: Future Perfect Tense
1 Form & Structure
Understand how to form and use the future perfect tense in English.
2 Time Expressions
Explore common time expressions used with the future perfect tense.
Listening Skills: Identifying Main Ideas
1
Pre-listening Strategies
超强完整版新时代交互英语第三册读写译第八单元 (1)
新时代交互英语第三册读写译答案Key to Exercises of Unit 8Reading 1I 1. 2)2. F F T T FF3. 1) common sense and knowledge2) a privacy policy; accuracy, access, security,3) maintain privacy, snoopers and con men, revealing your social security or credit card number and shipping address4) it can expose your system to a virus5) a personal code that you use to access your account with your ISPIII.Vocabulary and Structure1.加入到“赛博空间”旅行的行列常识和知识控制费用尤其，特别在公告板上留言停留销售活动的针对性个性化的广告未料到的支出款项确保你个人资料的保密性旅行保险请记住使你的计算机系统染上病毒预定一次旅行注册上不了网2.1）greet 2) scramble 3) foolproof 4) personalize 5) unsolicited6) require 7) hijack 8) disrupt 9) attachment 10) anonymous3. 1) device 2) deletes 3) highlight 4) download 5) confidentiality6) internal 7) retrieve 8) referenceIV.Banked Cloze1. 1) determine 2) charge 3) privacy 4) personal 5) collecting6) guarantees 7) passwords 8) access9) transmitted 10) assure2. 1) far-reaching 2) digital 3) anonymous 4) filters5) simulation 6) retreat 7) assume 8) isolatedV.Translation1.1) it will keep your charges under control2)Marketers, in particular, want to know as much about you and your buying habits.3) If you linger over a product or a subject that interest you,4) as it can expose your system to a virus.5) about accuracy, access, security, and protection of personal information2. 1）在“赛博空间”里，有如此多的事情可以做，有如此多的“站点”可以游览，因为你的因特网服务商在其网站上提供了大量的信息。
全新版大学进阶英语视听说教程第3册--Unit 8 文本
Unit 8 ChangePart II LISTENING AND SPEAKINGLesson A MillennialsListeningSCRIPTTrack 8-1The Millennial Generation includes people born roughly between the early nineteen eighties and the year two thousand. These people are in their teens and twenties today, and they are different from earlier generations in some important ways.Firstly, they’re more urban. In the early 1990s, only about 40 percent of all people lived in cities worldwide. Today, due to more work and educational opportunities in cities, more than 50 percent of the world's population live in an urban area, and many of those people are Millennials.Many Millennials are also better educated than people in earlier generations. Wealth worldwide is increasing. So families have more money to spend on educating their children. In the mid 1990s, for example, China had only three million college students; today there are more than 25 million and that number is increasing.Unlike earlier generations, many Millennials say they are more open to dating or marrying someone from a different background, in great part because it's easy to learn about other cultures via the Internet and social media. In the U.S., a recent study done by the Pew Research Center showed that over 85% of Millennials say they would date or marry someone from a different ethnic or cultural background; that number dropped to 55% for Americans aged 55 to 64 years old.Most Millennials aren't hurrying to get married, though. Worldwide, they are marrying later, or not at all. In the early nineteen nineties in South Korea, for example, women often married by age 25; today, many women are marrying at age 30. For men, that number jumped from age 28 to 32. What's causing this change? For some, they are waiting to marry until they have a good job—which is harder for some to get. Others are simply harder to please. They are waiting to find their ideal man or woman.1. be in their teens and twenties：十几岁、二十几岁2. due to：由于3. in the mid 1990s：二十世纪九十年代中期4. in great part：在很大程度上5. the Pew Research Center：皮尤研究中心，美国的一间独立性民调机构ConversationTrack 8–2A: In the past, fewer people used to live in cities. Today many more do.B: That’s a big change, and I definitely think it’s an improvement.A: Why’s that?B: There are more opportunities in a city.A: Yeah, but it’s also more crowded and expensive.Lesson B A Disappearing CultureListening 1SCRIPTTrack 8-3In Northern Pakistan, near the Afghan border, there is a group of people called the Kalasha. Once powerful and widespread, the Kalash civilization once had tens of thousands of people; today, there are only about 3,500. In just a few generations, this culture, which is over 3,000 years old, may disappear.Sayed Gul Kalash, a member of this community, is working hard to save her language and culture from extinction, but it won’t be easy. “Our language, spoken since 1,000 BCE, has no written script,” she explains. But the culture's early history, stories, and songs have a lot to teach us about ourselves and the human experience, says Gul Kalash. She is trying to preserve the language by writing down these stories and songs for the first time. In an increasingly globalized and connected world, languages like Mandarin and English, Russian and Hindi, Spanish and Arabic dominate. Parents in small villages often encourage their children to move away from their language and culture and toward those that will help them be more successful in life. Today, numbers are decreasing as more and more Kalash children are being educated in mainstream schools, and more people are moving away and marrying outside the Kalash culture. “It’s understandable,” says Sayed Gul Kalash. But she reminds us that every culture is unique and has value. When one culture is lost, we all lose something.1. extinction：灭绝2. Our language, spoken since 1,000 BCE, has no written script：塑造一种文字是非常困难的，很多民族都只有口头语言而没有书面文字。
新概念英语第三册第八课作文
新概念英语第三册第八课作文The Power of Habit.Habits are the invisible architects of our lives. They are the routines, the rituals, and the unconscious actions that guide us through the day, often without us even realizing their existence. They are the force that determines our choices, our behaviours, and ultimately, the direction of our lives. Understanding the power of habit and harnessing it for positive change can be transformational.The science of habit formation is fascinating. Itstarts with a trigger, which can be anything from aspecific emotion to a particular situation. This trigger cues our brain to enter into an automatic routine, which is the habit itself. The routine is followed by a reward, which gives us a sense of satisfaction or pleasure. This reward then becomes associated with the trigger, creating a loop that makes the habit difficult to break.For example, let's consider the habit of exercising.For many people, the trigger might be feeling sluggish or unhappy with their body. The routine involves going to the gym, running, or doing some other form of physical activity. The reward is the sense of accomplishment, the endorphin rush, and the improved physical health. Over time, thisloop becomes ingrained, and exercising becomes a habit that is difficult to ignore.However, not all habits are beneficial. Some habits can be destructive, leading to unhealthy behaviours andnegative outcomes. Smoking, overeating, and procrastinating are all examples of habits that can have a negative impact on our lives.Breaking these habits can be challenging, butit is not impossible.The key to breaking a bad habit and forming a good one lies in understanding the trigger-routine-reward loop. We need to identify the trigger that is causing the unwanted behaviour and then replace the routine with a more positive one. For example, if the trigger for overeating is boredomor stress, we can replace the routine of eating with the habit of taking a walk, reading a book, or engaging in some other form of self-care.The process of habit formation requires consistency and repetition. It takes time for a new habit to become ingrained, and it is during this period that we are most vulnerable to falling back into old patterns. It is important to be patient and to persevere, even when progress seems slow.The benefits of developing healthy habits are immense. Good habits can improve our physical health, enhance our mental well-being, and even improve our relationships. They can give us a sense of purpose and direction, making usfeel more fulfilled and satisfied with life.In conclusion, the power of habit cannot be underestimated. It shapes our actions, determines our choices, and ultimately, defines our lives. By understanding the science of habit formation and harnessing it for positive change, we can transform our lives for thebetter. We can break free from destructive habits and embrace new, healthier ones that lead us towards a more fulfilling and meaningful existence.。
新标准大学英语3unit8
新标准大学英语3unit8Unit 8 The Virtual World。
With the rapid development of technology, the virtual world has become an indispensable part of our daily lives. In this unit, we will focus on the impact of the virtual world on our lives, the advantages and disadvantages of virtual communication, and the influence of virtual reality on our perception of the world.Firstly, the virtual world has greatly changed the way we communicate and interact with others. Social media platforms and instant messaging apps have made it easier for us to connect with people from all over the world. We can share our thoughts, experiences, and emotions with others in real time, breaking the barriers of time and space. However, virtual communication also has its downsides. It can lead to misunderstandings, misinterpretations, and even conflicts due to the lack of non-verbal cues and emotional expressions.Moreover, the virtual world has revolutionized the way we experience the world around us. Virtual reality technology allows us to immerse ourselves in simulated environments and interact with virtual objects. It has been widely used in various fields such as education, entertainment, and healthcare. For example, students can take virtual field trips to explore different parts of the world, and patients can undergo virtual therapy to alleviate their pain and anxiety. However, excessive immersion in the virtual world may lead to a disconnection from reality and a decline in real-world social interactions.Furthermore, the virtual world has also brought about new challenges and ethical considerations. The rise of online gaming and virtual communities has raised concerns about addiction, cyberbullying, and privacy issues. It is important for us to strike a balance between our virtual and real lives, and to use technology responsibly and ethically.In conclusion, the virtual world has undoubtedly transformed the way we communicate, perceive the world, and live our lives. It has its pros and cons, and it iscrucial for us to be mindful of the impact of the virtual world on our well-being and society as a whole. As we continue to embrace the virtual world, let us not forget the importance of human connection, empathy, and genuine experiences in the real world.。
新标准大学英语综合教程3Unit8
Unit8Active reading (1)Language points1 She was called Katya, a dewy-eyed, sweet girl from Voronezh, who accepted Yakov on his ownreckoning. (Para 1)As dew falls in the early morning and symbolizes innocence and newness, the worddewy-eyed meansinnocent and lacking in experience about life.Reckoning means one’s own view and account.The sentence means that an innocent-looking girl from a less sophisticated city than Moscow was willingto believe Yakov’s own high opinion of himself.2 On International Women’s Day, Soviet women bask in their menfolk’s love and gratitude. (Para 2)To bask means to relax in the sun. Here it depicts how comfortable and pleasant Soviet women feel on thisday.3 Their husbands, with much cursing and clattering of pans, cook breakfast for the family … (Para 2)The expression with much cursing and clattering of pans means with a lot of swearing and bangingabout – as they were not used to doing it, they made many mistakes.4 A Soviet woman’s days are usually taken up with … nip ping out of work at lunchtime to buysomething for dinner … (Para 3)To nip out means to go out for a very short time probably unofficially. It is a slang and is similar to theexpressions pop out and sneak out.5 Their husbands … by drinking themselves into a stupor with toasts “to our beloved ladies …”(Para 4)Stupor is a state in which you cannot think, speak, see, or hear clearly, usually because you have drunktoo much alcohol. Sadly, Russia does have a serious alcoholism problem and early death from overconsumptionof vodka is far too common.6 “I certainly will,” said Yakov, squeezing in between Liza Minelli and Katya and draping an armaround each of them. (Para 10)Yakov fit in between Liza Minelli and Katya although they were sitting close together, andput an armaround each girl.7 Yuri and Emily arrived and we covered blinis with thick sour cream and red caviar and drankchampagne, as families did all over Voronezh. (Para 13)Sour cream is fermented cream, which is smoother and thicker. Eastern European food is noted for its sourflavours.Caviar usually refers to the roe or eggs of the sturgeon, a large fish, and is a very expensive special food.It can also refer to other commoner fish roes.Unit 8 High days and holidays264Reading and understanding4 Answer the questions.1 How well does the writer know the Soviet Union?Not very well. The others have to explain the tradition of International Women’s Day to the writer.2 What was Yakov doing when the writer met him?He was buying roses.3 Where does the writer live?Room 99 of a hostel.4 What do the Russian men do on International Women’s Day?They buy flowers for the women in their life and do some house chores for them.5 What kind of daily life do Russian women usually have?They have a very busy life with lots of chores to do.6 What do the Russian men do after they’ve prepared breakfast for their wives?They meet up with friends and drink themselves into a stupor.7 What is the usual number of flowers to buy in Russia?An odd number.8 Why did Yakov buy 14 flowers?He planned to give Katya five flowers and the girls in Room 99 three for each. Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to put something somewhere in a careless way, especially something that is heavy (dump)2 to lie, sit, or lean in a relaxed or lazy way (lounge)3 loved very much by someone (beloved)4 to move somewhere quietly and secretly so that no one can see you or hear you (sneak)5 a feeling of very strong anger that usually does not last very long (fury)6 to talk about other people or about things that are not important (gossip)6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.1 I unexpectedly met an old friend in the shopping mall yesterday. (bumped into)2 The men demonstrate how true and honest their love for their wives is by drinking a lot. (sincere)3 While the men are doing the shopping, the women will clean the carpets, and dust the room. (vacuum)4 Please remain here and wait for a while – she will come back soon. (stick around)5 I think it is a good idea to soak clothes before washing them. (advisable)6 After hearing what he had been through, her eyes were full of tears. (filled up with)High days and holidays Unit 82657 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If someone is dewy-eyed, are they likely to (a) lack experience about life, or (b) be in love?2 If someone accepts you on your own reckoning, do they (a) accept you without considering if you arewhat you claim to be, or (b) have a clear idea of your real character?3 If you bask in your fame, do you (a) feel bothered, or (b) enjoy being famous?4 Does charred mean (a) black and burnt, or (b) cooked perfectly?5 If something shrivels in the summer heat, does it (a) grow rapidly, or (b) become smaller and not fresh?6 If someone’s face turns scarlet, is it because they feel (a) embarrassed or angry, or (b) tired and hungry?7 If you go to bed on the dot of 11 pm, do you sleep (a) at exactly 11 pm, or (b) around 11 pm?8 If you pop into somewhere, do you (a) go there only for a short time, or (b) stay there for a long time?9 If someone is in a stupor, are they unable to think or act normally because they’re (a) too sleepy, orunable to think or act normal ly because they’re (a) too sleepy, or(b) not completely conscious?Active reading (2)Chinese or Western, it’s a time to relaxLanguage points1 Their fears may be justified to a certain extent. (Para 4)The word justified means having an acceptable explanation or reason. The writer then gives theexplanation in the following sentence.2 For good or bad, the world has possibly undergone more changes … (Para 5)The writer does not want to get into the question of whether what has happened has been good or bad. Thepoint is to agree that there has been change and it has consequences.3 Television, we thought, was the last uniting factor till we got a feel for the Internet. (Para 5)The expression get a feel for something means to be accustomed to something or to have or develop anunderstanding of something and skill in doing it.4 Nothing comes without a rider in this global market. (Para 6)A rider is an American expression for a clause added to a law or legal document, often setting an extracondition.The sentence means nothing in the modern world comes without some unexpected or unwantedconsequences.5 Be it on the mainland or in the highly developed West or in the poorest of societies, a festival carriesthe same meaning. (Para 7)The sentence means festivals have the same meaning whether in China, the advanced economies of theWest or the least developed nations.Reading and understanding3 Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The writer thinks the Chinese celebrate Christmas because (d) .(a) it’s a Western festival(b) the world has undergone a great deal of change(c) it’s a festival which carries the same meaning in both the East and the West(d) it has become a festival which is celebrated around the world, and everyone can relax during thattimeHigh days and holidays Unit 82692 Some scholars fear that celebrating Christmas in China (a) .(a) may threaten Chinese culture(b) means that the Chinese blindly follow the West in every way(c) causes Chinese festivals to lose their charm(d) is a good example of Western decadence3 The Chinese attach more importance to Christmas than a couple of decades ago because(b) .(a) television and the Internet have become uniting factors(b) changes throughout the world make them look differently at t he world and at China’s place in it(c) we belong to a global village(d) most of the world follows the Gregorian calendar4 Enjoying a Western festival doesn’t mean that (c) .(a) the Chinese approve of Western decadence(b) the Chinese are left untouched by the festive season(c) the Chinese follow the West without thinking(d) the Chinese culture is free of decadence5 The writer believes that the scholars and students (b) .(a) can save society from the influence of a world which is getting smaller(b) have a point of view which should not be rejected(c) are what are referred to as conservatives(d) are right in thinking Chinese festivals have lost their charm6 The basic message of Christmas (d) .(a) is similar to Eastern principles of helping others(b) has the same charm as Chinese festivals(c) is one of Western culture, which attracts youngsters more than other Chinese(d) is one of goodness, love of mankind and help for the poor which is relevant to everyone Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 simple (humble)2 to show that there is a good reason for something, especially something that other people think is wrong(justify)3 to experience something, especially something that is unpleasant but necessary (undergo)4 a large meal for a lot of people, usually in order to celebrate something (feast)5 a system for measuring the length of a year and dividing it into periods such as weeks and months(calendar)6 a child, or a young person (youngster)7 pleasant or attractive qualities or features (charm)8 the quality of being morally good (goodness)9 to express a strong opinion and try to persuade other people to accept it (preach)Unit 8 High days and holidays2705 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.There is some (1) justification to scholars’ fears that a lot of Chinese (2) youngsters have recentlybecome more interested in festivals from the Western (3) calendar, such as Christmas which I must admitdoes have some (4) charm. The world is (5) undergoing many changes, and even though we come from agenuinely modest and (6) humble culture, we’re more and more attracted by the bright lights and comfortsof the West. But Christmas is actually a winter (7) feast and is similar to our own festivals because it(8) preaches the importance of being morally (9) good and showing love for mankind.6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions in the box.1 Is oriental likely to mean (a) Eastern, or (b) Western?2 If you vent your feelings, do you (a) express them strongly, or (b) hide them?3 Is an indigenous American likely to be (a) someone who has arrived from another country, or (b)someone who has lived in America before others arrived?4 If you feel at one with something, are you likely to feel (a) unhappy and uncomfortable, or(b) happyand relaxed with it?5 Is zeal likely to be (a) great energy and enthusiasm, or (b) a lack of interest?6 If you want to conserve something, do you want to (a) keep it as it is, or (b) change it?7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you’re caught in a trance, are you likely to be (a) aware, or (b) unaware of your state?2 If something happens for good or bad, do you (a) know, or (b) not know whether it will have good orbad results?3 Is a rider likely to be (a) a condition to what has been said, in order to limit it, or (b) an addition to whathas been said, adding extra information?4 Is an anomaly likely to be (a) a contradiction, or (b) a usual feature?5 Is skulduggery likely to be (a) secret activities that are intended to trick or cheat people, or(b) normalevents in everyday life?6 Are mundane affairs likely to be (a) interesting and exciting, or (b) not interesting and exciting?7 Is decadence likely to be (a) highly moral behaviour, or (b) immoral behaviour?8 If you shut your eyes and ears to something, do you (a) pay attention to it, or (b) refuse to pay attentionto it?Language in useBe it / they ...1 Rewrite the sentences using Be it / they …1 W hether it’s Christmas or any other occasion, people like to spend some quality time with their families.Be it at Christmas or on any other occasion, people like to spend some quality time with their families.2 Whether it’s in good ways or bad, the world has changed in recent years.Be it in good ways or bad, the world has changed in recent years.3 Whether it’s with a feast or a humble meal, people celebrate festivals in the same way around the world.Be it with a feast or a humble meal, people celebrate festivals in the same way around the world.4 Whether children are good or naughty, they are blessings.Be they good or naughty, children are blessings.5 Whether they are scholars or ordinary people, they cannot stop the world from gettingsmaller.Be they scholars or ordinary people, they cannot stop the world from getting smaller.fronting2 Rewrite the sentences using fronting.1 It is not surprising that Christmas has become a global festival.That Christmas has become a global festival is not surprising.2 It may be justified that scholars have expressed concern about the influence of Christmas. That scholars have expressed concern about the influence of Christmas may be justified.3 It’s no different from our ancestors’ enjoying breaks that we enjoy a n occasion to relax today.That we enjoy an occasion to relax today is no different from our ancestors’ enjoying breaks. Unit 8 High days and holidays2744 It is the reason we celebrate Christmas that most of the world follows the Gregorian calendar.That most of the world follows the Gregorian calendar is the reason we celebrate Christmas.5 It is something we need to remember that decadence is not the sole preserve of the West. That decadence is not the sole preserve of the West is something we need to remember.6 It is something we should not forget that Jesus was born in the East.That Jesus was born in the East is something we should not forget.as3 Rewrite the sentences using as .1 The men, because they want to please their wives, leave them to sleep and go out to meet friends.The men, as they want to please their wives, leave them to sleep and go out to meet friends.2 In the same way as people did all over Russia, they enjoyed blinis and champagne.They enjoyed blinis and champagne as people did all over Russia.3 On International Women’s Day, because it’s important to buy flowers for the women in your life, theflower sellers were doing a busy trade.On International Women’s Day, as it’s important to buy flowers for the women in your life, the flowersellers were doing a busy trade.4 In the same way as women do all over the world, a Soviet woman starts her day by getting the childrenready for school.A Soviet woman starts her day by getting the children ready for school as women do all over the world.collocations4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of suitable expressions from the collocation box.Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.1 You shouldn’t sneak up on people like that. You scared me!2 A festival can be a really difficult time if you are feeling down in the dumps because everyone elseseems to be enjoying themselves when you’re not.3 Notting Hill Carnival had very humble beginnings but it is now one of Britain’s biggest festivals.4 You can sneak a preview of his new movie on the Internet.5 It was really mean of him to dump his girlfriend in a Christmas card.6 Festivals have their charm, even if you are not religious.7 The party was a bit boring so we sneaked away when no one was looking.8 After a while living in a big city began to lose its charm.9 We ate a very humble meal of bread and cheese sitting in the park and watching the May Day parade.10 I wish you could sneak me into your suitcase so that I could come with you!5 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1 On International Women’s Day, Soviet women bask in their menfolk’slove and gratitude. In themorning, as it is a holiday, they lounge in bed instead of going out to work. Their husbands, with muchcursing and clattering of pans, cook breakfast for t he family; by ten o’clock they proudly serve theirHigh days and holidays Unit 8275wives a charred and shrivelled egg. Beside the woman’s plate will be a bunch of flowers and a little gift,a bottle of scent perhaps, or a pair of tights, which she will exclaim over until the children, scarlet withfury, insist that their mother makes them their proper breakfast. (☞pans 在原文中其实泛指厨房里的物件，译成汉语时应为“锅碗瓢盆”。
新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第3册(试用版)第8单元 unit8
Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. Listed in the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.▇Answers:1) proof2) slice3) were delayed4) rejected5) abroad6) dictate7) splashes8) tender9) burst10) flavor11) transmitted12) tremendous13) slippery14) transplanted2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▇Answer:1) a fish out of water2) from head to toe3) orient myself to4) as such5) on the … side6) by means of7) build up8) win … over9) identify themselves with10) get over11) enter into12) opening up13) resulted from14) held our breath▆Increasing Y our Word Power1. Study the following confusable words and fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the proper words. Be sure to use them in their proper forms.▇Answers for reference:1) charged2) condemn3) scold4) blame5) accused of6) condemned7) blames8) criticized2. The prefixes super(-) and ultra(-) mean “extremely, above, etc.” Study the box below and then dothe exercise.Now fill in each blank with a word from the box below. Change the form where necessary. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▇Answers:1) ultraclean2) superstructure3) supersonic4) superheroes5) superstar6) ultra-stylish7) ultraconservative8) ultravioletGrammar in Context1. Study the following sentences containing double negation:Now rewrite the following statements using double negation after the examples.▇Answers:1) The announcement was followed by a not unexpected silence.2) Exhausted and hungry, she could not walk without my help.3) There’s nobody who makes no mistakes in his lifetime.4) You can’t search my house without a warrant.5) A life lived without dreams can’t be as rich and rewarding as life can be.6) The American West is a region where farming is impossible/not possible without irrigation.2. Examine the structure “The more…, the more…” in the following sentences.Now translate the following sentences into English.▇Answers for reference:1) The longer I am at this job, the happier I am.2) The more risky it is, the more I like it.3) The sooner you start, the earlier / sooner you’ll finish it.4) The more people you know, the less time you’ll spend with them.5) The more you learn, the less you find you know.Cloze▆Complete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.(1) transplanted(2) cues(3) tendency(4) frustration(5) attributed(6) cures(7) capacity(8) built up(9) by means of(10) due to(11) orient … to(12) get over(13) opens up(14) In additionTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▇Answers for reference:1) As a proof of our hospitality, we Chinese will habitually urge our guests to helpthemselves to more dishes on the table.2) When you move to a new land, you can / may orient yourself to the local culture bymeans of listening to what people say and observing how they act.3) Familiarity with the environment gives a person a sense of security; so people have thetendency to resist or avoid new situations, consciously or unconsciously.4) Prejudice against or even hostility towards people from a certain region often results fromthe fact that we know very little about them /we know virtually nothing about them.5) I believe it is polite to decline directly, while my parents seldom say “No”so as not toembarrass others.6) There are two means to build up knowledge: to get it personally or by second-handexperience. Reading, which opens up a new world of different cultures for us, belongs to second-hand experience.2.Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressions in the box below.▇Answers for reference:Once transplanted abroad, we will feel anxious and uneasy and even unable to deal with daily routines. As a matter of fact, these “symptoms” result from losing our familiar environment. Such a feeling of confusion and anxiety is referred to as “culture shock”. We used to feel free, easy and happy with a life style built up over so many years. Now, to get over a series of bad feelings caused by culture shock, we must act positively/take a positive attitude. First, ask ourselves to be broad-minded: accepting all cultural differences as normal. Then, try to orient ourselves to the new surroundings. The local culture will become more understandable if we actively participate in community activities. As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”. Stepping into a new country means opening up a new world. Though it takes time for the feeling of “a fish out of water”to fade/disappear, yet, believe me, you’ll regain confidence and happiness in the end.Theme-related Writing■Do either of the following two tasks after class.1.Cultural differences may cause problems in intercultural communication. However, we should also be aware of the advantages brought about by cultural differences. Think about the advantages and disadvantages of cultural differences and write an essay entitled My Views on Cultural Differences. The following outline may be of some help:1) Cultural differences have more advantages than disadvantages:— Cultural differences make the world colorful and delightful;— Cultural differences enrich the civilization of mankind;— Cultural differences give each culture its unique identity.2) Your attitude to cultural differences:— Be more tolerant to other cultures;— People of different cultures should learn to live together and join hands in making the world a harmonious place to live in.▆ Sample essay 1:My Views on Cultural DifferencesIn my opinion, cultural differences have more advantages than disadvantages. First of all, it is cultural differences that make our world so colorful. If you go to a foreign country, you will be impressed not only by its physical environment but also by its cultural environment—its foods, clothes, customs, social practices, etc. Differences between cultures have always been a source of joy and inspiration.Secondly, differences in culture enrich human civilization. Different cultures compete with as well as learn from each other. Roman culture was modeled on Greek culture, which had once borrowed a lot from Egyptian culture. American culture is also a blend of many different cultures.Thirdly, differences in culture give each culture its unique identity. A culture is usually seen in relation to other cultures. Chinese culture distinguishes itself from others by its peculiar concepts and things that can hardly be found elsewhere.Of course, cultural differences may cause conflicts and misunderstandings. But interdependence, common interests and mutual goals of different nations always outweigh differences in culture. Nations with different cultures should learn from each other and live peacefully together. To this end, we should be more tolerant to other cultures while preserving, protecting and developing our own. (202 words)2. In the face of globalization (全球化), we tend to be more and more tolerant towards other cultures. As a result, the influence of Western culture is strongly felt in our everyday life today. Write an essay entitled My Views on the Influence of Western Culture. Your essay should at least include the following two aspects:1) Instances showing the influence of Western culture;2) Your attitude towards Western culture.▇ Sample essay 2:My Views on the Influence of Western CultureOn Weekends, I gather with my friends at MacDonald’s or KFC. We eat fried chicken, drink Coco-cola and talk about the latest release of Hollywood movies. We read foreign novels, listen to Western music and watch NBA. We admire Bill Gates, George Michael and Princess Diana. We dress ourselves in the Western style and celebrate Christmas and Valentine’s Day. Our way of life has thus changed. Indeed, the influence of Western culture is strongly felt in our everyday life.This influence in turn prepares us well to blend into the modern world and participate in the world market competition. But we should not ignore its side effects. Our national culture may gradually lose its ground if our attention is focused only upon Western culture. In following the trend of globalization we should maintain our own cultural identity, cherish our cultural tradition and develop our own culture. What Mahatma Gandhi once said can best sum up my views on the influence of Western culture: “I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all the lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.”(211 words)。
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M: Are you often online, Jane? W: Sure. I like chatting with people. We talk about everything, like sports, books, movies, and even romance. It’s a real pleasure. Q: What does the woman imply? (C)
Useful Expressions and Patterns
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internet bar 网吧 I access the Internet. 我上网。 I think ... is a waste of time. 我认为……是浪费 时间。 Are you often online? 你经常上网吗？ I like chatting with people. 我喜欢和人们聊天。 Today it froze three times. 今天（计算机）死机 了3次。 Yesterday it caught a virus. 昨天（计算机）感染 病毒了。
Understand the Short Conversations
A. The woman knows more about the computer than the man. B. Both of them have realized the importance of computers. C. The man has got some trouble with his new computer. D. The woman doesn’t understand computers and got in trouble.
New Words
electronic［7ilek5trRnik］a. 电子的 1 access［5Akses］vt. 存取，接近 n. 通路，访问 2 computerize ［ kEm5pju:tEraiz ］ v. 3 （使）计算机化 4 *download［5daunlEud］v. 下载 5 website［5websait］n. 网站 6 freeze［fri:z］v. （计算机）死机 7 virus［5vaiErEs］n.〈微〉病毒 8 privacy [5praivEsi] n. 秘密；隐私
Understand the Short Conversations
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A. She doesn’t like going to the Internet bar. B. She thinks the school library suitable for study. C. She seldom goes to men’s dorms to use their computers. D. She often stays in the dorm to play computer games. M: Betty, where do you go if you want to use a computer? W: I have a computer in my dorm. I can also use the computers at the school library. I seldom go to an Internet bar. Q: What does the woman imply? (A)
M: What do you think of your university, Ann? W: It’s the best, I think, just because it has a very modern information center with lots of computers with Internet access. We can use them for work and play. Q: Why does the woman like her school? (A)
Understand the Short Conversations
A. It has many computers for the students to use. B. The campus is beautiful and the teachers are nice. C. The students are given a lot of time to play. D. The library has a large collection of books.
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M: Everything is becoming computerized these days. W: You said it. If you don’t understand computers, you’re in trouble. Q: What can we learn from this conversation? (B)
Understand the Short Conversations
10 A. She has enough money for a computer. B. The man can use her computer. C. She wants to have her own computer. D. The man should wait for some time. M: I’m so frustrated. We are supposed to do our assignments on the computer, but the ones in the information center are always busy. W: I know what you mean. I’m looking forward to the day when I can afford to get my own. Q: What does the woman mhort Conversations
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
Understand the Short Conversations
A. Her mother doesn’t like it. B. She can’t download movies. C. She has to pay for the Internet access. D. Her computer often goes wrong.
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Understand the Short Conversations
A. You can easily find a nice job on the Internet. B. Online chatting can save you a lot of money. C. Chatting with people on the Internet is interesting. D. The Internet has changed the way people work.
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Understand the Short Conversations
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A. It saves students a lot of time. B. It brings students a lot of fun. C. It can enrich students’ knowledge. D. It affects students’ studies.
M: Helen, do you think the Internet does any good to students? W: Well. It’s hard to say. You know spending too much time on it causes some students to skip classes. Q: What does the woman think of the Internet? (D)
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Understand the Short Conversations
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A. She likes its color. B. It is too expensive. C. It doesn’t work well. D. She is satisfied with it.
M: Hello, Rose. Are you happy with the computer you bought recently? W: Yes. I can’t say how satisfied I am. It works very well. Q: How does the woman feel about her new computer? (D)
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M: Why are you dissatisfied with your computer? W: Well. It gives me a lot of trouble. Today it froze three times, and yesterday it caught a virus. Q: Why is the woman dissatisfied with her computer? (D)