骑士和骑士文化英文介绍 PPT
中世纪单词
中世纪单词单词：knight1.1 词性：名词1.2 中文释义：骑士，中世纪的武士1.3 英文释义：A man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted warrior in the Middle Ages.1.4 同义词：cavalier---2 起源与背景2.1 词源：源自日耳曼语，与骑马和战斗有关。
2.2 趣闻：在中世纪，骑士被视为勇敢和荣誉的象征，他们要经过严格的训练和骑士授勋仪式。
骑士们经常参加比武大会，展示他们的武艺和勇气。
---3 常用搭配与短语3.1 短语：knight errant（游侠骑士）例句：The knight errant rode through the land in search of adventure.翻译：那名游侠骑士骑马穿越这片土地去寻找冒险。
3.2 短语：knight in shining armor（穿着闪亮盔甲的骑士，引申为救星）例句：When she was in trouble, he came like a knight in shining armor.翻译：当她遇到麻烦时，他像个救星一样出现了。
---4 实用片段（1）"The knight rode into the battle, his sword held high." The crowd watched in awe as he charged towards the enemy. "He is truly a brave knight," someone shouted.翻译：“那骑士骑着马进入战场，他的剑高举着。
”人群敬畏地看着他冲向敌人。
“他真是个勇敢的骑士，”有人喊道。
（2）"The young man dreamed of bing a knight and serving the king." His father smiled and said, "It will take a lot of hard work and training."翻译：“那个年轻人梦想成为一名骑士并为国王效力。
骑士文化
骑士制度最早存在于意大利和德国。
中世纪初期，意大利的城市受到日耳曼人的侵袭，为了安全，骑士的住宅都在山岗上筑起堡垒，有的四周还环绕着水道。
这种建筑方式成为中世纪典型建筑--城堡--的起源。
后来这种制度也被日耳曼人接受，骑士成为中世纪一个重要的社会阶层。
骑士们为大封建主服务，在军事、狩猎和音乐等方面受到封建主的训练。
这些大大小小的骑士成为十字军东征的主力，他们的战斗经历、远征中的奇遇、宗教意识以及他们的生活、功勋和普通人对远征的幻想，成为后来骑士传奇的主要来源。
在西方文学史上，传奇是指欧洲中世纪骑士文学中一种长篇叙事诗，音译为“罗曼”，主要描写中世纪骑士的爱情、游侠和冒险故事。
骑士传奇产生和发展于12～14世纪，这一时期是欧洲封建关系巩固和骑士制度的鼎盛时期。
最早的骑士传奇就出现在11～12世纪法国的行吟诗人中，他们用诺曼语进行写作，使自己的作品更贴近生活和民众。
这些骑士传奇取代了英雄史诗的地位，并承袭了英雄史诗中勇武和高贵的精神。
与英雄史诗不同的是，骑士传奇塑造了富于个性特征的英雄--骑士，他们建立功勋不是为了氏族的利益或社会义务，而是为了个人的荣誉，或者为了给情人扬名。
骑士传奇有着较为鲜明的特点，从内容上说，理想化的、典雅的爱情是骑士传奇必不可少的；从描写技巧上说，由于强调人物的个性化，因此刻划和描写人物的手段较为丰富；另外，骑士传奇还大多具有奇异的色彩、虚幻的情节和场面，在这方面受到了民间文学、东方文学、中欧和北欧基督教以前的神话的影响。
由于骑士传奇较多地描写十字军东征，因此所涉及的地理范围非常广阔。
骑士传奇从内容上大致可分为以下三类：1、古典传奇。
这类传奇主要流行于12世纪，是根据古希腊罗马故事改写的。
在这类传奇中，古代传说中的英雄被赋予中世纪骑士的特点。
最著名的作品有勃诺阿-德-圣摩尔的《特洛伊传奇》（约1165年），朗贝尔和亚历山大合写的《亚历山大传奇》，佚名的《泰伯传奇》和《艾内亚斯传奇》等。
英国骑士文化PPT课件
3
Knight definition
• Knight is a formal military training cavalry in the middle age.
• It is a title of honor. • It was used to indicate a social class . • Knight’s identity can not be inherited. • Knight must be in the lords military service, and
8
Valor
There is no doubt that a coward person can’t to be a knight. A man without courage never pass the test for knight. One of the requirements is valor. Knights should be fearless to the evil in the critical time . Knights should protect the weak bravely and never back down.
11
Spirituality
As a knight , he should have a heart which is strong enough to carry on all the difficulties he will face. A knight need to have powerful spirit to face everything.
13
Justice
Only fight for justice and equality .Help all people in need of help and help with each other. Punish the evil. Which is the knights need to do.
骑士和骑士文化英文介绍
b benefices.
3
knight’s status
• During the High Middle Ages, knighthood
was considered a class of lower nobility.
Usually only sons of knights or lords can
b
10
chivalry
• Historically, the ideals of chivalry（骑士精神）
were popularized in medieval literature, especially
the Matter of Britain and Matter of France, Sir
ranks during the Middle Ages.
b
4
Knight’s appearance
b
5
How to be a knight?
• Becoming a knight is the dream of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.
b
7
The Knight’s Oath（宣誓）
• Said by feudal lord（册封者）： • Be without fear in the face of your enemies. Be brave and
upright that God may see. Speak the truth even if it leads to your death. Save God the helpless. That is your oath. And that so you remember it. Rise a knight! 强敌当前，无畏不惧！ 果敢忠义，无愧上帝！ 耿正直 言，宁死不诳！ 保护弱者，无怪天理！ 这是你的誓词， 牢牢记住！册封为骑士！
英国的骑士制度与骑士文化研究
英国的骑士制度与骑士文化研究骑士制度不是英国本土的产物，但它在英国的土地上一步一步地发展与完善起来，骑士阶层不断发展壮大，形成了独特的骑士精神与骑士文化。
试从阐述骑士制度在英国的建立、演变到衰落出发，着重讨论骑士精神所蕴含的品质以及骑士的典雅爱情观，最后简要勾勒骑士精神在英国文学中的演变，希望能够从一个较为全面的角度介绍对英国历史文化有着深远影响的骑士制度与骑士文化。
标签：骑士制度；骑士文化；骑士精神；典雅爱情观一谈到英国，不由得让人想起彬彬有礼的英国绅士，无论是文学作品还是影视作品当中，所传递的英国绅士的形象都是深入人心的。
所谓的绅士精神，大概就是指对于个人身份和荣誉的注重；对于风度、礼节和外表举止的讲究；对于崇尚精神理想和尊重妇女的浪漫气质的向往；以及恪守公开竞赛、公平竞争的精神品质。
而这种“绅士精神”的形成，大抵可以追溯到中世纪的骑士精神，因为我们知道，中世纪的骑士精神对现代英国的民族性格塑造起着极其重大的作用，使现代英国人的民族性格中包含了优雅的贵族气质成分。
或许，我们可以用几个词来概括骑士精神，那就是：忠君、护教、行侠（唐国清，2006: 42）。
下面我们就来探索一下充满神秘色彩的英国骑士文化。
1 英国的骑士制度1.1骑士制度的起源及演变骑士制度最早起源于8世纪的法兰克王国，它是一种建立在封建采邑制度基础上的军事制度，包含封君封臣关系、骑士生活习俗、行为规范和思想观念等方面的内容。
11、12世纪，日臻完善的骑士制度从法国远渡重洋来到英国，结合当地的一些军事传统，形成了英国的骑士制度。
骑士制度传播到英国的土地上与两个事件有关：一是1066年的诺曼底征服；二是爱丽诺与亨利二世的婚姻。
通过前者，威廉一世在英国建立了封建制度，英国的骑士阶层因而诞生，骑士制度的发展有了依托。
而通过后者，骑士制度中的又一重要内容—骑士爱情观念也传入了英国。
由于爱丽诺来自于骑士爱情观的发祥地，在她的倡导下，大量创作抒情诗、宣扬骑士爱情观的行吟诗人来到英国宫廷，从而将骑士爱情观带入了英国。
假面骑士英语单词
假面骑士英语单词单词：Kamen Rider（假面骑士）1. 定义与释义1.1词性：名词1.2中文释义：日本特摄剧系列中的超级英雄角色统称。
1.3英文释义：A collective term for the superhero characters in the Japanese tokusatsu drama series.1.4相关词汇：无（在英语语境下较难找到直接相关的同义词、近义词或派生词）2. 起源与背景2.1词源：“Kamen Rider”直接来源于日语，是由“仮面（Kamen，意为面具）”和“ライダー（Rider，意为骑手）”组合而成。
2.2趣闻：假面骑士系列自1971年首播以来，不断推出新的角色和剧情，已经成为日本特摄文化的标志性作品。
每一代假面骑士都有独特的造型和能力设定，深受全球粉丝喜爱，甚至在一些西方国家也有大量的粉丝群体。
3. 常用搭配与短语3.1短语：Kamen Rider series（假面骑士系列）例句：The Kamen Rider series has been on for decades.翻译：假面骑士系列已经播出了几十年。
3.2短语：Kamen Rider transformation（假面骑士变身）例句：The most exciting part of each episode is the Kamen Rider transformation.翻译：每一集最激动人心的部分就是假面骑士变身。
4. 实用片段(1). "Hey, have you watched the latest Kamen Rider episode? It was so amazing! The new Kamen Rider has such cool powers."翻译：“嘿，你看了最新一集的假面骑士了吗？超棒的！新的假面骑士有超酷的能力。
”(2). "I'm going to the comic con this weekend. I hope to see some cool Kamen Rider cosplays there."翻译：“这个周末我要去漫展。
骑士和骑士文化英文介绍 PPT
chivalry
• Historically, the ideals of chivalry（骑士精神） were popularized in medieval literature, especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France, Sir Thomas Malory's "The Death of Arthur", written in 1485, was important in defining the ideal of chivalry which is essential to the modern concept of the knight as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith, loyalty, courage, and honor.
各种骑士介绍英文作文初中
各种骑士介绍英文作文初中英文：As a medieval history enthusiast, I have always been fascinated by the various types of knights that existed during that time. From the chivalrous and honorable knights of Arthurian legend to the ruthless and cunning knights of the Crusades, each type of knight had their own unique characteristics and qualities.One type of knight that stands out to me is the Templar Knight. These knights were members of the Order of the Knights Templar, which was founded in 1119 to protect Christian pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem. Templar Knights were known for their bravery and loyalty, and they were also skilled in combat and strategy.Another type of knight that I find interesting is the Black Knight. These knights were mercenaries who fought for whoever paid them the most money. They were known for theirruthless tactics and lack of loyalty, and they often switched sides during battles. Despite their reputation, the Black Knights were skilled fighters and were feared by many.中文：作为一个中世纪历史爱好者，我一直对那个时代存在的各种骑士类型感到着迷。
英国的骑士
英国现在的很多文化传统和骑士是有很大的关系的，电视荧幕当中也经 常出现一些和骑士有关的电影电视，亚瑟王的传说，圆桌会议，绅士风 度，中世纪骑士的爱情故事，骑士文学，行吟诗人等。下面就简要介绍 一下英国的骑士制度与文化。
一，骑士的起源
• 骑士制度并不起源于英国，对英国来说这只是个舶来品。这和英国的 地理位置和历史发展有关。在介绍英国的骑士制度之前我们先介绍一 下欧洲大陆的骑士制度，其实也是大同小异。由于相似的时代和社会 背景，骑士制度在英国中世纪发展、完善、衰落、凋敝的发展脉络与 法兰西及其欧洲其他国家相近。
就形式而言，骑士团具有宗教僧侣的组织特 征，其成员不得建立家庭，不得有私人财产， 必须绝对服从上级命令，，遵循类似修道院 的规则。此外，骑士团团长往往直接由教皇 任命，按教皇旨意行事。其实质是军事组织， 成员主要由骑士组成，他们起初更多是执行 军事任务，具有很强的军事作战能力。
医院骑士团
课追溯到查理大帝在耶 路撒冷建立的“拉丁救 济所”，后来成为救济 来耶路撒冷朝拜的基督 徒的医院。名义上这医 院是献给圣徒约翰的， 所以又被称为“圣约翰 骑士团”。
1，骑士的地位大都明显低于贵妇人 2，骑士在追求贵妇人的过程中变得谨小慎 微，没有信心，甚至独自哀怜。
3，在追求爱情的过程中骑士专一投入，百 折不挠，无怨无悔。
4，骑士的爱情大多是婚外恋，这是对基督 教传统观念封建制度的一种反叛。
5，骑士爱情观念中也有柏拉图式的理想化 精神追求。
五，骑士的精神品质和行为规范
• 为贵妇人的爱比武， • 赢得荣誉，
• 保护人民，
• 免遭谴责。
• 救助鳏寡孤独。
• 行为果敢不怯懦，
• 勇敢，忠诚， • 不可巧取豪夺。
Arthurian Romance 骑士文学Chivalric Romance 优质课件
Virtues of a knight
Humility Honor Sacrifice Valor
The knight was generally a man of noble birth who had served in the lower ranks as page （仆从） and squire （扈从） before being ceremoniously inducted into knighthood by his superior.
Uther
Merlin
Igraine
Gorlois Morgan
Nimue Excalibur Arthur
Camlann
Morgause
King Lot
Avalon
Guinevere Mordred
Gawain 3 others
Lancelot
Elaine
Fisher King
Joseph of Arimathea
Later the term was applied to tales specifically concerned with knights, chivalry, and courtly love.
Courtly Love
code of behavior that defined the relationship between aristocratic lovers in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. Influenced by contemporary chivalric ideals and feudalism, courtly love required adherence to certain rules elaborated in the songs of the troubadours between the 11th and the 13th centuries and stemming originally from The Art of Loving of the Roman poet Ovid.
The Knight骑士
The Knight骑士作者：黄刘胤来源：《中学生英语·阅读与写作》2013年第02期In the Middle Ages in Europe, knight or warrior was the Cavalry (骑兵) who got formal military training, later turned into a title of honor used to indicate a social class. In the chaotic (混乱的) situation, kings and dukes needed armies to defend their lands. It was the lord’s job to serve his duty by being a knight—a professional soldier who fought on horseback.骑士或称武士，是欧洲中世纪时，受过正规军事训练的骑兵，后来演变为一种荣誉称号，用于表示一种社会阶层。
在纷乱局势中,国王或公爵贵族们需要军队、士兵来保护他们的领土。
领主通过成为一个骑士——一个真正的士兵，来履行他的职责。
A knight had to have his own armour and a horse. Plate armour (盔甲) was the knight’s best defence against weapons. Some knights even had five horses: for war, hunting, jousting(骑马比武), travelling, and carrying baggage.一个骑士必须有的装备就是属于他个人的盔甲及战马。
盔甲是骑士的最好的防御武器。
有些骑士甚至有5匹马：有的是打战骑的，有的是用来狩猎的，有的是比武的时候骑乘的，有的是旅行骑乘的，有的是驮运行李的。
西方骑士文化
The Comparison between Chinese swordsman Culture and Knight CultureAbstract: Chinese swordsman culture is one of the most important elements of traditional Chinese culture;it has a long history in China,While Western knight culture is also flowering in Western history.They are both military, heroic, and altruistic; meanwhile they are quite different. This thesis briefly introduces the development of the two cultures, and compares their similarities and differences. After comparing, we may have a better understanding on the two cultures.Key words: Chinese swordsman culture, western knight culture, similarities and differences1.IntroductionIn the Middle Ages, there was a group of warriors in the West and the East respectively. They were all generous, brave, honest, and very kind to help others.Ancient Chinese swordsmen were often independent in mind and action, but deeply conscious of the righteousness.Their actions were admired and praised.Righteousness is an also important part of western knight culture which most people regard it as Romanticism.Both the Chinese swordsman and Western knights have the spirits as generosity, braveness, honesty, and aggressivity. However, since they have different historical and social backgrounds, they have many differences in various aspects.Then in this thesis I would like to briefly introduce the two cultures,then discuss the comparison between Chinese swordsman culture and Knight culture on their contents.2.Western knights2.1The history and development of the western knight cultureKnight culture originated from the north Germanic tradition. Due to the barbaric and sordid living conditions, the wars for plundering took place frequently. At this moment, knights became the private group to declare war independently. They pledged loyalty to his lord and protected him by fighting and plundering others for him. Through long-term development, knights became the backbone of their time. In the western society, although the word knight has spread for a long time, knight itself does not have one strict system. Between 11th and 13th century, The Crusade period was the most auspiciousness period of the knights. But in the 15th century, the system of knighthood declined, because the king established formal army.Althou gh knighthood system declined, the name “knight” and its spiritual meaning would leave in the history of western civilization forever. And according to today’s standards, the definition of knight can be seen as follows: first, it is a part of the feudal system; second, it is an independent social class; third, it is a personal behaviour.Whether the knight customs or the knighthood system, it has been spread up to now, people commend mostly the spirit of knights.2.2The spirit represented by the western knight cultureThe core content of the knight spirit is to reflect nobility and brotherhood (V oltaire, 1989). In particular, the spirit of knights include the loyalty, braveness, honesty, generosity, etc. In addition, the spirit of helping those in distress, aiding those in peril, getting rid of the cruel, pacifying the good people, having a strong sense of justice and always being ready to help the weak are also represented by the knights.3. Chinese swordsman culture3.1The history and development of the western knight cultureWhen mention Chinese swordsman culture, we take it for grant that it is an important part of the Chinese culture.However,nowadays warrior spirit has almost disappeared in the Chinese Culture.As early as in the Spring and Autumn pe riod, there is the legend of“Yue nv and Yuan gong”,who fought with swords.This was Chinese earliest record of martial arts novels. According to the Rites of Zhou, in the ancient school, our teaching contents were“Six Arts”—ritual, joy, shoot, royal,books, and a few, among which shoot showed that the ancients think highly of practicing martial art.To some degree,swordsman culture was based on the the moral values which confusion had advocated.Confucianism had big impact on the custom of not practicing martial art,but the society was turbulent, therefore the ruling class and folks also practice martial art. Later on this situation led to the appearance swordsman culture. Swordsman culture had a long history, but it had an independent name in the middle of Qing Dynasty. The rise of swordsman culture could not be separated from the political and economic phenomenon.Chinese scholars highly commend martial arts culture. But the upper class in our country do not think highly of martial arts novels. Because they do not want the ordinary people to imitate the swordsmen who described in the novels withrebellious behaviors and actions and disobeying the laws and regulations of the society.3.2The Spirit Rooted in Chinese Swordsman CultureBecause of the extremely spirit of swordsman culture,it was not regarded as one of the so-called orthodox cultures, and Chinese warrior spirits were gradually replaced by Confucianism.However,Chinese swordsmen’s activities never disappeared. The spirit represented by Chinese swordsmen are despising authority, persisting in their own ways, judging the righteousness just depended on their own principles.4.The Comparison between Chinese swordsman culture and Knight Culture on Their ContentsBoth the Chinese swordsman culture and the Western knight culture are male cultures which are aggressive, coarse, and full of virility. And the Chinese swordsman and Western knight have many common faiths such as generosity, brave, honesty, and kindness. However, since they have different historical and social backgrounds they have many differences in varies aspects.4.1Diffrernt attitude on loveThey have different opinions about love; Chinese swordsman maintained an unclear attitude towards women, which reflects the real low social status of women in the traditional society of China. In most Chinese novels have rarely concern about love, love is always give way to the career in the Chinese kung-fu fictions and beauties are always considered as the cause of bad luck and wars. On the contrary, love i s always the main motivity for knights’ behavior, they always gave up career and fortune just for their true love, which is different from the topic of revenge in Chinese kung-fu fiction, and romantic love can be seen in many knight fictions,which are full of the romance of chivalry. Its sources are romantic as well as realistic, truthful and imaginative.For example,Don Quixote was a poor country gentleman who has read too many chivalric romances. He and the peasant Sancho Panza, as his squire, set forth on series of extravagant adventures. In one of his adventures, he images an average girl as his true love, and in order to be with her, Don Quixote suffered a lot, which reflected the knight’s longing for love.4.2Different attitude towards government and the social statueAnother important difference between Western knight and Chinese swordsman is their different attitude towards government. Western knights were loyal to their government, they were soldiers of the country and fight for the government, while Chinese swordsman were considered as criminals, and they hated the government and wanted to pull it down.In the Western world, the Western chivalry which takes the contract principle, the guide line principle and the loyalty principle as its representations has continued its tradition in some degree.The Western knight spirit belongs to upper class and it is a kind of noble culture, the knights did things for the government and the aristocrats, so they were rewarded as noble people. In the Medieval days, almost all nobles were knights, as knights, they were pledged to protect the weak, to fight for the church, to be loyal to his lord and to respect women of noble birth.These rules were known as code of knight, from which the western idea of good manners developed, so knights were always being respected by others and have high social status.But in the East, there was a group of Chinese swordsman, they ignored laws and respected the morality principle, so they are unable to be the judge of laws.The Chinese chivalry is a kind of common people culture which roots in the average places, it roots in the rural places and contradicts with court and aristocrat, so it was hated by the government; they had their own principles that are do things for common people’s interests and for corrupt official’s disbenefit. Almost all the Chinese swordsman were criminals at their times and most of them became outlaws because of killing people or rub the rich.5.ConclusionChinese swordsman culture has a deep influence on Chinese people, such as obligation, revenge, loyalist, death, etc. Chinese culture is a kind of warmth culture which attaches importance to promises. Therefore, we can find both warmth and equality in the spirit cores of those Chinese swordsman. However, because the swordsman acted more on the affection and less on the laws they always do things on impulse and do some illegal things which they think are right.However, as the Western culture has been deeply influenced by such factors as cherishing personalities and worshiping peace and harmony, the gentlemen in the Western society give attention to a tremendous physical presence, stress equal competition and pay more attention to some good daily habits. Even so, they have some short-comings like formalism which is an aspect of the Europeanism.Above all,Chinese swordsman and western knight, they are two absolute different groups according to their geographical places, appearances and culture.Nowadays,in a modern legal society, the research and analysis of these two important spiritsare greatly significant in the cultural communication and culture construction. we can learn from each other,and it can help to t oday’s legal society,which is not so completed.参考文献：[1]Chen Dong-ling. On the Variation of Chivalry Spirit in Heroes of the Marshes [J]. Journal of Heze University, July 2008.[2] Tang Guoqing. On Knight's Spirit of European Literature[J]. Journal of Suzhou Colleage of Education, September 2006.[3]白桦,2009,中国武侠与西方骑士之比较[J].东南大学学报第6期[4]蔡莉敏,陈晨,2004，骑士、侠客与法文化[J]. 西北政法学院学报第4期[5]胡艳秋,2009，从《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》与《水浒传》比较分析西方骑士精神与中国侠义精神[J]./view/b9a5b441be1e650e52ea99ac.html[6]令狐兆鹏，2006，武侠文化与骑士文化之比较[J]. 成都教育学院学报第20卷第2期[7]劳虓虓，林剑敏，2008，中国武侠小说和西方骑士文学“侠”文化比较,[J].湖北广播电视大学学报第2期[8]刘若愚，1991，中国之侠[M].上海:三联出版社[9]司各特, 2008,《中世纪骑士故事》[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术文献出版社。
欧洲中世纪骑士英语ppt
• Knight lyric(骑士抒情诗)is the mainstream of knight literature. It mainly describe the knight's love, especially praise knight`s love and obedience to ladies
• Firstly, the combination of chivalry religious principles and military principles reaches the summit. • secondly, knight privilege becomes hereditary and the knight finally separate from the peasant
History of Development
Stage 2:
• The second phase is from about 12 century to the early 13th century. This stage is basically the time of crusade(十字军东征) (1095-1291), it is the boom of chivalry.
The Knight`s Oath
• Becoming a knight is the dream of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.
• The picture on the left shows a common ceremony of knight nomination.
The Knight`s Brief
中世纪的骑士精神文化
中世纪的骑士精神文化中世纪的骑士精神是指欧洲中世纪时期骑士阶层的道德观念和行为准则。
这种精神强调勇气、忠诚、公正和荣耀感。
骑士精神虽然已经逐渐消弱，但仍对后来的欧洲文化和思想产生了深远的影响。
本文将从骑士的起源、精神内涵和影响三个方面来谈论中世纪的骑士精神文化。
一、骑士的起源骑士被认为是中世纪欧洲骑兵的代表，此外还有法国的“骑士团”，一词源于拉丁语“equites”，意味着骑马的贵族。
骑士的起源与军衔制度有关。
在公元六世纪后期到七世纪早期，法兰克王国出现了一个名为“count”的军事头衔，这个头衔是从希腊的“κόμητες（kómitês）”演化而来。
从中世纪开始，贵族在骑乘装备和军事技能方面越来越明显地体现了自己的优势，因此他们得到了一个称号——“骑士”。
二、骑士精神的内涵骑士精神是一种道德和社会准则，它要求骑士在担任公职、行军和家庭生活等方面都表现出高尚的品质与行为。
骑士精神的具体内容包括：1. 勇气：勇敢的精神是一个骑士的基本品质。
在中世纪的骑士观念中，勇气不仅仅是出于保护自身的利益，更重要的是为了捍卫正义和愿意承担责任。
2. 忠诚：忠诚也是骑士的重要品质。
忠诚不仅仅是忠于君主，还包括忠于朋友和亲人。
骑士应该在需要的时候愿意为他们牺牲自己。
3. 公正：公正是骑士的一项重要责任。
他们应该保证任何人都能够获得公正的裁决和待遇。
4. 荣耀感：荣耀感在骑士文化中占据着重要的地位。
骑士们希望通过证明自己的价值和品质来获得荣誉和尊重。
三、骑士精神的影响骑士精神对欧洲文化和思想产生了深远的影响，主要有以下方面：1. 文学艺术：中世纪欧洲的文化艺术与骑士精神紧密相连。
例如，奥兰多王子、罗兰大接舔这些史诗都描写了勇气、忠诚、公正和荣耀感等骑士精神。
2. 政治制度：骑士制度和封建制度是相互联系的，而封建制度又是中世纪欧洲的一种政治体制。
骑士们在保护自己的利益的同时，也通过守卫自己的领地来维护封建制度的稳定。
各种骑士介绍英文作文初中
各种骑士介绍英文作文初中英文：As a knight enthusiast, I am excited to introduce various types of knights from different countries and periods.Firstly, let's talk about the European knights from the Middle Ages. They were heavily armored and rode on horses, wielding swords and shields. They were known for their chivalry and honor, often fighting for their lords and ladies. The most famous order of knights was the Knights Templar, who protected Christian pilgrims on their way to Jerusalem.Moving on to Japan, we have the samurai. They were skilled in swordsmanship and archery, and followed the Bushido code of honor. They were loyal to their lords and valued bravery and discipline. One famous samurai was Miyamoto Musashi, who won over 60 duels and wrote the book"The Book of Five Rings" on strategy and tactics.In China, we have the ancient knights known as the "wu lin". They were skilled in martial arts and often fought for justice and righteousness. One famous wu lin was Wong Fei-hung, who was a master of Hung Ga Kung Fu and fought against foreign invaders in the late Qing dynasty.Finally, let's not forget the modern knights of today, such as the military knights who serve their countries and protect their citizens. They may not wear armor or ride horses, but they still embody the values of chivalry and honor.中文：作为一个骑士爱好者，我很高兴介绍不同国家和时期的各种骑士。
欧洲文化入门之骑士与绅士
The chivalry and gentilityAbstract: The paper mainly talks about the relationship between knighthood and gentleman. The gentility is come from chivalry. As we all known that the English man are famous for gentle. Gentle men are become more and more welcomed. We study the chivalry and gentility so that we can better understand the knighthood.Key word: chivalry gentility relationship1.the introduction of chivalryChivalry, as known as knighthood, can be defined as the general collection of organizations, regulations, morals and norms owned particularly by the knight class in west Europe in the middle ages. Almost all nobles were knights in the medieval days. But no one was born a knight----knighthood had to be earned. The training was both long and hard.1.1the origin of the knightChivalry, as a military regime built on the fief system, primitively originated in Frankish kingdom in the 8th century. Then it was passed to the north, to the west of Reich across Flanders, Burgundy and so on. It is safe to say that chivalry is a kind of mechanism on the whole European continent.1.2the decline of the knightsAfter the crusades, the knight was become less and less important. with the development of the commodity economy, the Manor was suffer great challenges. So the knight was not adapting to the society gradually.1.3The spirit of the knightThe spirit of the knight includes eight virtues and the declaration of knight.1.31the declaration of knightI will be kind to the weak. I will be brave and against the strong. I will fight the all that do wrong. I will fight for those who cannot fight. I will help those who call for help. I will harm no woman. I will help my brother knight. I will be true to my friends.I will be faithful in love.1.32 Eight virtuesFirst is humility. Second is honor. Third is sacrifice. Forth is valor. Fifth is compassion. Sixth is spirituality. Seventh is honesty. Eighth is justice.2.GentilityGentleman stems from 17th century middle of Western Europe, it’s based on the knight. A gentleman’s manners are always impeccable. He dresses appropriately for any occasion, knows instinctively how to treat women, acts his age and is always fun to be around. Someone wants to be a gentleman is not easy. He always is polite. He must do as fellows: first, do not curse. Second, do not speak loudly. Third, do not lose your temper. Fourth, do not stare. Fifth, do not interrupt. Sixth, do not spit. Seventh, respect your elders. Eighth, do not laugh at others’ mistakes. Ninth, remove your hat indoors. Tenth, wait for seating before eating. Eleventh, always open doors. Twelfth, put on her coat. Thirteenth, help with her seat. Fourteenth, give her arm.3.The relationship between knight and gentilityAs we all knows, the gentility is stem from the spirit of knight. Absolutely, the similarity and the difference is coexist. After all, the gentility absorbs the good aspectof knight and other wonderful cultures. There is no doubt that the gentility is a new social culture.3.1 The similarityMaybe the great similarity is knight and gentlemen all respect to women. The knight’s love is courtly love. This love is based on the inequality states. Knights are always loyalty to noblewomen. Obviously, the noblewomen positions are higher than knights. This kind of love regards as platonic love. The knight must carry out the noblewomen’order and protect the noblewomen even if lost his life. We can know that it’s not easy to be a knight because he should risk death to save his elegant lover. There is no doubt that the knight is willing to do every thing for his noblewoman. This kind of love is absolutely admirable. The movie first knight is about courtly love. Lancelot loved the queen consort and saved the queen life several times and protected queen’ reputation. The gentlemen are obeying the rule----- lady first. They often polite and have good manners. They respect all the women. They are willing to help all the women who need help. They always open the door for women. Do not forget that they speak in a polite way. The gentlemen are not trouble others. There is an aphorism says do not trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. They may believe the thought. The gentlemen are also this kind of men and they always help others save problems.3.2 The difference between knight and gentlemanKnight and gentleman belong to different ages. They have different aims. They adapt to different society.3.21 The different positionAll knights were come from noble in the medieval days. But no one was born a knight------knighthood had to be earned. The training was both long and hard. A noble began his education as a page at the age of seven. He was taught to say his prayers, learned good manners and ran errands for the ladies. At about fourteen, the page became a squire or assistant to a knight who became his master. He was taught the duties of a knight and practiced using a sword, lance and shield.Every kind of men can be gentlemen. There is no identity restriction. They are always polite. It does not matter that you are poor or in bad occupation. You also have chance to be gentlemen. You may be gentlemen as long as you can not trouble others. The most obviously characters is respect women and in a polite way.3.22 The different aimsThe knight was trained for war. The knight must protect a grant of land. He went into battle with his master. If the squire proved to be a good fighter, he would be made a knight at a special ceremony known as dubbing. As a knight, he was pledged to protect the weak, to fight for the church, to be loyal to his lord and to respect women of noble birth. Knight trained for war by fighting each other in mock battles called tournaments. The contestants and their horses often got killed and injured. The knight was brave and faced injury and death. It took promoting the martial sprit as the core. The gentleman is just adapting to the civilization society. There is no war and it is a peace society. There are no needs the knight but need so many gentlemen. The gentlemen are welcomed all over the world.4.Chivalric literatureThere are a lot of works talk about the knight. Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon epic, in alliterative verse, originating from the collective efforts of oral literature. The story is set in Denmark or Sweden and tells how the hero, Beowulf, defeats the monster Grendel and Grendel’s mother, a sea monster, but eventually receives his own death in fighting with a fire. Beowulf was the first national epic. Cervantes’s don Quixote is also introduced the knight story. Ivanhoe written by Walter Scott and criticized the capitalism. The most of story were talked about the knight and courtly love and the history about knight. This works had good effect on the gentility.In the seventeenth century, England begins to come into effect the gentleman education. The English man is a typical gentleman.5. ConclusionThe chivalry has a close relationship with gentility. The gentility stems from chivalry. They are in different ages. They have some similarity and difference. They all respect to women. The gentleman is spread all over the world.参考文献：1.王佐良European culture：an introduction 欧洲文化入门[M] 外语教学与研究出版社1992.1原文页码93-942.John Matthews. Dictionary of Medieval Knighthood and Chivalry [M] New York:Greenwood Press, 1998.3.阿萨-伯里格斯英国社会史[M] 北京：中国人民大学出版社，1991.4.唐国清试论欧洲文学中的骑士精神[J]苏州教育学报，2006（9）。
骑士精神英语演讲稿
骑士精神英语演讲稿大家好：Hello everybody:骑士起源于古罗马的职业军人。
中世纪时，骑士属于贵族阶级的最低层，是指出身于拥有爵位和土地之家，经过一定仪式被授予骑士称号者。
是为国王和大贵族服务的职业军人通常只拥有一小块封地。
在欧洲中古时代纷乱的局势中，国王和贵族都需要一些在战争上具有压倒性优势的兵种，为此他们会悉心培育一些年轻人，使之成为骑士。
出生于贵族家庭的子弟想成为骑士，他必须7、8岁后即按照自己出生的等级依次到高一级的封建主及其夫人身边当侍童，14岁后为随从，即见习骑士，接受专门武士骑士训练，21岁时通过严格的考试和隆重的，仪式，宣誓及其他宗教礼仪后，才正式取得骑士封号。
Knights originated from professional soldiers in ancient Rome. In the middle ages, knights belonged to the lowest level of the aristocracy, which refers to those who were born in a family with titles and land and were awarded the title of knights after a certain ceremony. Professional soldiers who serve kings and great noblesusually own only a small fief. In the chaotic situation of medieval Europe, kings and nobles needed some arms with overwhelming advantages in war. Therefore, they would carefully cultivate some young people to become knights. If a child born in an aristocratic family wants to become a knight, he must go to the next higher feudal lord and his wife as a servant after the age of 7 or 8 according to the level of his birth. After the age of 14, he will be an attendant, that is, a trainee knight, who will receive special Knight training. At the age of 21, he will formally obtain the knighthood title after passing strict examinations and grand ceremonies, oaths and other religious rituals.盛行于11-14世纪的骑士制度，在当时的社会具有社会的政治的军事的宗教的和文化的意义。
骑士
The knights creed 骑士信条 I will be kind to the weak.
我发誓将对所爱至死不渝
十字军诸国 The crysader states
教廷诸国 The Vatican countries
条顿骑士团旗 State of the Teutonic Order
西欧骑士团 The knights of Western Europe
对于中世纪的骑士传说， 往往抱有各种幻想，多 半来源于对现状的不满 和想象：住在古堡里， 过着贵族的生活，战胜 邪恶的巨人和法师。保 护善良无知的农民，凭 借着贵妇人或者国王名 号行侠仗义
当欧洲频频遭 遇外来种族的 入侵，南有穆 斯林，北有维 京人，东有马 扎尔人不断扣 边，于是欧洲 处于下面这样 一个地步…….
十一世纪，骑士已经成为贵族 阶层，他们都有着共同的爱 好——战争（也就是从这开始， 以圣殿骑士开始堕落，这一年 是1260年）。跟古罗马一样， 中世纪的贵族组成了重装骑兵 （这种好习惯一直延续到了14 世纪，也就是“火与剑时代”， 波兰处于大洪水时期{此处洪水 为特殊代号}当威廉候选帝率领 20万手枪骑兵，被波兰的翼骑 兵打散，也就败落，从而翼骑 兵也名垂千古）。
我发誓善待弱者
I will be brave against the strong. 我发誓勇敢地对抗强暴 I will fight all who do wrong.
我发誓抗击一切错误
I will fight for those who cannot fight.
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The Knight’s Oath（宣誓）
• Said by feudal lord（册封者）： • Be without fear in the face of your enemies. Be brave and
upright that God may see. Speak the truth even if it leads to your death. Save God the helpless. That is your oath. And that so you remember it. Rise a knight! 强敌当前，无畏不惧！ 果敢忠义，无愧上帝！ 耿正直 言，宁死不诳！ 保护弱者，无怪天理！ 这是你的誓词， 牢牢记住！册封为骑士！
knight’s status
• During the High Middle Ages, knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility. Usually only sons of knights or lords can become a knight, In some cases commoners could also be knighted as a reward for extraordinary military service.
How did knight form?
• The first knights appeared during the reign of Charlemagne in the 8th century. As the Carolingian Age progressed, the Franks were generally on the attack, These mobile mounted warriors made Charlemagne’s far-flung conquests possible, and to secure their service he rewarded them with grants of land called benefices.
The Knight and chivalry
Who is Knight?
• knight ( / naɪt / ) is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the Monarch or country, especially in a military capacity. Historically, in Europe, knighthood has been conferred upon mounted warriors.
• The picture on the right shows chivalric ranks during the Middle Ages.
Knight’s appearance
How to be a knight?
• Becoming a knight is the dream of every boy in middle ages, but the process it extremely tough.
decline
• By the end of the 15th century, knights became obsolete as countries started creating their own professional armies that were quicker to train, cheaper and easier to mobilise. The advancement of high-powered firearms eradicated the use of plate armour, as the time it takes to train soldiers with guns is much less compared to that of the knight, the cost of equipment is lower.
• The picture on the right shows a common ceremony of knight nomination（授名）.
How to be a knight?
• Knighthood were required to master the “seven points of agilities” – riding, swimming and diving, shooting different types of weapons, climbing, participation in tournaments wrestling, fencing, long jumping, and dancing – the prerequisite skills for knighthood. All of which were done even while wearing armor.
The declaration of knights
我发誓善待弱者
•I will be 我发誓勇敢地对抗强暴 我发誓抗击一切错误
kind to
我发誓为手无寸铁的人战斗 我发誓帮助任何向我求助的 人
the weak.我发誓不伤害任何妇人 我发誓帮助我的兄弟骑士
我发誓真诚地对待我的朋友
•
我发誓将对所爱至死不渝来自hivalry• Historically, the ideals of chivalry（骑士精神） were popularized in medieval literature, especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France, Sir Thomas Malory's "The Death of Arthur", written in 1485, was important in defining the ideal of chivalry which is essential to the modern concept of the knight as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith, loyalty, courage, and honor.