中考语法专题之代词的用法

第二篇

知识大闯关

I.人称代词

（1）人称代词的主格在句中作主语。如：I love my country. （2）人称代词的宾格在句中作动词、介词的宾语或表语。如：

I don’t know her. His mother is waiting for him outside. This is me.

（3）人称代词的语序。几个人称代词并列作主语时，它们的顺序是：

单数形式（二、三、一）you, he/she and I. 复数形式（一、二、三）we, you and they

人称、物主、反身代词

---________ is Sandy’s s ister.

A. That

B. It

C. She

D. This

【例2】is necessary to get on well with others.

A. That

B. This

C. It

D. These

【例3】are students in No. 1 Middle School.

A. I, you and he

B. You, he and I

C. He, you and I

D. You, I and he

II.物主代词

⑴形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。如：

Our teacher is coming to see us.

⑵名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，常用来代替前面已经提及的名词，相当于“形容

词性物主代词+名词”，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。如：

Our school is here, and theirs (their school) is there.（作主语）

I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours(your homework)? （作宾语）

⑶名词性物主代词可用在of后面与of共同作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，带有部分

概念或有一定的感情色彩。如：He is a friend of mine.

III.反身代词

⑴作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。

He called himself a writer．

Would you please express yourself in English?

⑵作表语。

It doesn't matter．I'll be myself soon．

The girl in the news is myself．

⑶作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。

I myself washed the clothes．（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主语同位语）

You should ask the teacher himself．（作宾语同位语）

⑷反身代词的常用词组（请写出对应的中文翻译）

teach oneself =learn by oneself _____________ help oneself to _____________

dress oneself _____________ come to oneself _____________

lose oneself in _____________ by oneself _____________

【例4】He is old enough to wash clothes by . You can just wash .

A. his; himself; yours

B. his; himself; your

C. him; himself; yours

D. him; himself; yours

【例5】invited to come to birthday party last Saturday.

A. Me; they; mine

B. I; them; mine

C. I; them; my

D. Me; they; my

I. 指示代词this, that, these, those 的用法

【例6】Hello, _________is Tom speaking. Who’s _________? A. it; this B. this; that C. that; this D. this; it 【例7】---Who has a dictionary, children? ---I have _________.

A. it

B. this

C. one

D. that

I. 疑问代词who(主格), whom (宾格), what (什么), which (哪一个),whose(谁的)。如： Who is the man over there? Whom are you talking to ？

What are you going to do this afternoon? What is your father

？ He is a doctor. What is the population of China?

指示代词

疑问代词

Which is the best one? Whose book is it?

II.疑问副词when, where, why, how 及how often, how soon, how long, how far 的用法。 （1）特殊疑问句问里面：when 问时间, where 问地点, why 问原因, how 问方式 （2）区别how often, how soon, how long, how far

① how often 提问时，答语一般用twice a day, sometimes, often 等表频率的词。如： ---How often do you watch TV? ---Twice a day. ② how soon 提问时，答语一般用in+一段时间。如：

---How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ---In 20 minutes （20分钟后）. ③ how long 提问时，答语一般用for+一段时间或since+时间点。如：

---How long have you been in Guangdong? ---For two years. / Since two years ago. /Since I came here.

④ how far 用来提问路程距离，答语一般为2 kilometers, twenty minutes by bus 等表示路

程的词。如：

---How far is it from your home to your company? ---twenty minutes by bus. 【例8】_________is more beautiful, the blue one or the red one?

A. What

B. Whose

C. Which

D. Who 【例9】---_________have you studied in middle school? ---For 3 years.

A. How soon

B. How often

C. How many

D. How long

I.概念：不明确指代某人、某件事情、某些事情的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词可以代替名词和形容词，表示不同的数量概念。

II.常见的不定代词：简单不定代词：some, any, no, all, each, both, much, many, (a)little,(a)few, other(s), another, one, none, either, neither.

【例10】Is there ________ in today’s n ewspaper?

A. anything interesting

B. nothing interesting

C. something interesting

D. everything interesting

不定代词