二副面试问题与答案

二副面试问题How do you do,I’m liangchao very glad to meet you ,sir!1.can you tell me about your education background and working experience?Morning sir! My name is Liangchao . I am from a seaside city Yantai in Shandong province. Iwas born in 1975 and I am nearly 30 years old now. I am married , now I have one s on..In1999,after studing four years,I graduated from Dalian maritime university w ith a bachelordegree in ocean-going navigation.From 1999 till now, I have worked on about 4 vessels. and I have worked as a seco nd officer for2ships,2years.with experience of such types of vessel as bulk carriers and con tainer vessel.Ihave worked for not only Chinese shipping companies including international Yantai marineshipping company,but also some foreign companies from HK OOCL,and Taiwa n WANHAI.Most of the vessels I have worked on，are nearly 10，000 tons in gross tonnage. Now I have allthe necessary certificates for bulk carriers and general cargo carrier .this is all for my introduction.Thank you!2.Can you tell me your last vessel?3.What are your responsibilities as a second officer?the second officer is the navigational officer and sometimes also medical offi cer on board.besides, the second officer shall assist the chief officer. His duties may include the fol lowing:(1)navigation watch keeping from 1200 to 1600 and from 0000 to 0400(2)chart and navigational publication corrections(3)passage plan making(4)usually working as the designated communications officer(5)maintenance of communication equipment , instruments and spare parts on bo ard this ship(6)Take care of all the basic navigational equipment and instruments inclu ding magneticcompass, gyrocompass ,gyro repeaters, time changes, depth sounders ,course r ecorder, GPSreceivers, and so on.(7)Maintenance of inventories of the stationery(8)Medical duties.(9)Some other works designated by master or chief officer.4.Please briefly describe the procedure of dealing with navigational warnings.Firstly I shall register the navigational warnings in the register book and record the warningnumber in the card.Secondly I shall select the charts that are affected by the warnings.Then I shall use pens,scissors and glues to fix permanent notice.I shall also use pencils to fix temporary andpreliminary notices. The charts are to be corrected according to all the concerned wa rnings. WhenI correct the chart ,I shall frequently consult the geographical index.5.can you describe the charts correction procedures?firstly, the second officer has to make sure that he has received the latest notice to m ariner and thathe has to write the notice request on time. The master shall make emergency reque st if the lastedis not received.Secondly,the second officer has to record the notice to mariner on the correctio n logs on timeaccording to the chronological order.Thirdly,when correcting the chart,he has to make sure that the last small corr ection has beenmade on the chart.Erasure should never be made when deleting information crossed through .instead , seryes of shortdouble strokes should be used while correction fluid should not be used.And allways insertinformation before you delete any information.6.Who should draft the passage plan on board?What are included in passage p lan?When youmake the passage plan,what information do you need?Usually,the passage plan should be prepared by the second officer and approved b y the master.during passage ,when an error or mistake is found about the passage plan, it should be report to themaster first and corrected afterwards by the second officer.but during voyage th e passage plancannot be changed without the master’s approval.The passage plan should include such information as way points,the distanc e between waypoints, courses, current, tide, weather conditions and means of communications, means of fixingposition and interval and so on.Besides,the following information and publications are necessary in making the passage plan:sailing directions, pilot book, port entry guidance, tide table, local area warning, war ning from theNAVAREA areas,list of light and radio signals,admiralty notice to mariner, sea chart andcatalogue of admiralty charts and other publications.7.What is the scope the passage plan cover?If you miss one or two big or small sc ale charts fornext voyage,can the ship give sea going or not?The passage plan should cover the sailing route from berth to ck of i nformation forsome areas may lead to some serious accidents. The ship cans not departure if one or two chartsare not available.8.if the signal of three red lights vertically aligned is found on board a shi p during nightvoyage,what do you think is wrong with the ship?If a motor ship is moving under the way,butnot under command,what kind of signals should she use?on what occasion do yo u display twoblack balls during the day?The vessel is constrained by her draught ,it is very hard for her to maneuver. Our vessel shouldgive a wide berth and take actions to keep away from her.The motor ship should use not-under-command lights,i.e.two red lights ver tically alignedduring night time,and two black balls vertically aligned during day time.We shall display two black balls when our vessel cannot get out the way for others.9.please describe how do you take care of the magnetic compass?The liquid magnetic compass should be regulary checked for air bubbles and it sho uld always becovered when it is not in use .the deviation of the compass should be checked and o bserved duringevery watch.10.how do you set and adjust gyro compass?The second officer should frequently check the gyrocompass’error.Actuall y,gyrocompassaccuracy should be checked at least once a day at sea and at anchor, and for each course steered.During the watch,the simultaneous check should be made at least hourly. If there is anysignificant deviation error,the second officer should report it to the master an d record in thecompass record book and deck logbook.The electronic devices should be kept a way from thecompass in a reasonable distance.The chief officer or other designated officers s hould test theerror in the morning or evening.11.what are your responsibilities as the second officer while the vessel is in port?My responsibilities are to keep good watch,to ensure the safety of life,the ship and t he cargo andto maintain good working orders on the vessel.During my watch I should be aware of the draft,under keel clearance,the s tate of ship,themoring conditions so as to avoid dangerous listing,trim or hull stress during car go operation.Ishould also make sure that de-ballasting causes no marine pollution. I should watc h and supervisethe loading process and report any incident or accident to the chief officer.12.please tell me the difference between the great circle line and rhomb line?In theory, the great circle line is the shortest distance between two places,while the rhomb line islonger than the great circle line .however ,it is very hard for a vessel just to take t he great circleline or rhomb line.13.during cargo loading,if you find cargo damages in holds,what should you do?I shall record them in writing or even photograph the damages and report the situation to thechief officer immediately.The chief officer should report it to the tallyman and ask them toreplace the cargo , if possible. At the same time, the officer on duty should make th e on-the-spotrecord.If the damages are really very serious, we should report to the master and ask for hi s instructions.14.when you usually do the chart work?When you are keeping watch,can you do the chart work?Whenever I receive the notice to mariner,I will do the correction and drawi ng as soon aspossible.Generally,I should not do the chart work when am keeping watch.Doing cha rt work duringwatch keeping can give rise to some potential danger to the maneuvering of the vesse l.15.what is the maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW95Code,the maximum blood alcohol concentration shall not be morethan 0.08% by weight at any time when being tested. But the code of federal regula tions requiresthe blood alcohol concentration to be no more than 0.04%. watch keepers are not all owed to drinkany alcoholic beverage4hours before their watch.besides,when bunkerin g,loading andunloading, moring and unmoring,4 hours before and after port all, the sailor on boa rd cannot haveany alcoholic drinks.16.pls tell me your duties as the medical officer.I am responsible for maintaining the medical inventory. I should keep a good record of the use ofdifferent medicines and make sure that the aide bags are at proper locations.I should also becareful with the madicine locker. The expired medicines should be replaced on time . When someimportant medicines are out of stock, I should report to the master and make requisi tion for supply.17.when do you call the master to the bridge?In the following situations , according to the SMS manual, I will have to call the master to thebridge:(1)when the visibility is lower than the one mentioned in the master’s standing o rder.(2)Breakdown of the main engine , steering gear ,gyrocompass or any other critic al equipmentrelated to the safety of the vessel.(3)When the ship’s possition and sounding are unusual or strange(4)When the navigational marks or sounding do not appear as expected(5)When heavy weather is encountered(6)When the ship is behaving in an unusual way(7)When marine pollution is seen or suspected(8)When distress message is received or accident observed(9)Any other situation when the officer are in doubt(10)Whenever the ship is in danger18.when radar and arpar are in use,do they relieve your duty of lookout as a watch-keeperNo, these apparatuses do not relieve the watch officer of his duty to maintain a p roper lookoutat all times . this is very important to the maneuvering of the vessel . accidents ofte n arise becauseof the officers’complete dependence on the RADAR,ARPAR,GPS and othe r equipment,especially in hazardous areas, such as the coast and port areas,low visibility area,r estricted areasand heavy weather regions.All in all,the rules and regulation of the COLREG 1972must bestrictly obeyed.19.what do you know about EC and ECDIS?EC means electronic chart,and ECDIS means electronic chart and informatio n system..thissystem uses the computer technology to provide chart details on a visual display u nit, combinedwith an automatic indication of ship’s position,and possibly a radar image, and a navigationaide.this kind of chart needs basic computer operation skills and automation knowle dge.20.can you tell me the main contents of a typical admiralty notice to mariner?How did you get thenotice to mariner on your last vessel?The admiralty notice to mariner is a maritime publication issued by the hydrograp hic departmentof the unitec kingdom . they include admiralty notices, australian and new zealand notices. Theyare published on a weekly basis .there is also an annual summary version.The admiralty notice to mariner includes 6 sections . section one, explanatory note s and indexesto section two.section two,admiralty notices to mariners-corrections to charts. Section three,reprints of radio navigational warnings.section four,corrections to a dmiralty sailingderections.section five,corrections to admiralty list of lights and fog signals .section six,corrections to admiralty list of radio signals.On my last ship, the ship owner provided us with the notice to mariner in every major port .ifthey failed to give us the notice . we will send them a reqrest for this by e-mail. 21.it is very important to get rid of the outdated charts and other SMS documents on board.why?It is very important to keep the lasted revised charts also some other ISM documen ts on board inthe deck ang engine room . and keep away those out-of-dated charts because after a period of time,you will not be able to know what documents are the newest ones. The mixture of th e old and newdocuments on board can easily give rise to some problems for the safety of the vessel . so it is veryimportant to do away with the obsolete documents as soon as possible.22.how do you maintain the clocks?I am responsible for the vessel clocks expect for those in the engine room. Before gettingunderway , clocks shall be compared and synchronized , and the synchronization r ecord shall beentered into the deck logbook.23.under what situations do you call the engine room when you are on duty?(1)whenever it is necessary to make sure that engine room and bridge clocks are s ynchronized(2)at least one hour before starting or endding a sea passage(3)as soon as it appears that engine operation maneuvers may be required, with one hour’snotice if possible(4)whenever the ship machinery operation may be affected by weather or o ther conditionchanges,such as shallow water approach,concentration of marine life or s eaweed,ice inwater ,or change of trim or draft due to ballasting shifting.(5)One hour before inert gas system operation is required (for tanker)(6)One hour before steam is required on deck(7)Whenever the temperature fall to 2 degree centigrade to prevent damage to equi pment(8)At least one hour before the standby generator is required(9)Whenever the cargo pumps are used(10)One hour prior to getting underway24.what should you do first after you jion a vessel?Firstly, I shall familiarize myself with the familisrization booklet, the muster lists an d emergencycard in my cabin.Secondly , I shall report to the master and get familiar with other officers and crew on board thevessel .Thirdly , with accompaniment of the relieved second officer , I shall have an inspec tion of thoseitems he was responsible for . I shall discuss immediately with the master on any unsatisfactoryconditions, including equipment malfunctions. I shall also take over all the docume nts the secondofficer should take care of . a good handover with the relieved second officer is the m ost importantjob for me.25.when do you have to change from the automatic steering to manual steering? The steering mode should be changed from automatic to manual mode unde r the followingcircumstances:(1)in any emergency situation(2)in diminishing and restricted visibility, as defined by the master(3)when the ship’s steering in shallow water(4)when the master or duty officer think it is necessarywhen the steering mode is changed , the watch officers shall supervise the process.26.if ship collision happens when you are on duty,what procedure should you foll ow？I shall carry out the emergency checklistFirstly, I will sound the alarm for emergency. Secondly, I will inform the master i mmediately.Thirdly, I will inform the engine room and prepare engine standby; after ship colli sion , all thetanks should be sounded and the ship owner, manager should be informed of the accident. Theaccident report should also be sent to the all concerned parties and the coast coun try. And all theabove actions, ship’s position, times,etc . should be recorded properly.27.before the ship sails to a new port,if you do not have one or two necessary charts,whatshould you possibly do?If possible , I will ask for help from the master . if the master cannot help, I may ask for helpfrom the vessels sailing in the same area.Anyway I will try to solve the probl em before thevessel sails to the port.28.what is safety speed during sailing？What factors should you consider in decid ing the speedof a vessel during sailing in the sea?The safe speed is the speed at which the vessel can take proper and effectiv e actions to bestopped in a safe distance.The following factors should be taken into account to achieve safespeed : visibility,number of ships in the area, the ship’s maneuverability ,wind for ce, sea tide andcurrent,background lights,draught and available depth of water,proximity of navugationalhazards, standard and operation of technical equipment on board, ice condition and so on.29.when navigating in a crossing situation,as master or duty officer,wh at anti-collisionmeasures should be taken?When the vessels are proceed on head-on cond ition,what anti-collision rule should be observed?When a power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea,whatanti-collision rule should be observed?When two power-driven ships are crossing,the ship which has the other sh ip on her ownstarboard side shall keep out of way. To do this ,this ship can either alter course to starboard sideor slow down her speed in order to avoid collision.When two power –driven ships are meeting head-on situation or near head-on situation , eachship shall alter course to starboard so that they can jpsaa on the port side of eac h other at a safedistance.When a ship sails at a higher speed overtakes another ship , the ship shall sails at higher speedor shall alter its course to avoid collision.A power-driven ship shall out of the way of a sailing ship,this can be done eithe r altering itscourse or speed up to avoid collision.30.you are the watch officer at anchor on an8000-tons ship which is about400f eet long,if theweather becomes foggy and foggy,what jprecautions should you take?I would station a man forward with orders to ring the ship’s bell rapidly for 5 seconds everyminutes and another man aft to sound the gong likewise. Ship’s whistle or siren would be readyfor use in case of necessity to give warning of my position to a vessel approaching. The signalsfor this warning shall be 3 blasts in succession31.when should a turnover(handover)of watch be deferred or postponed?Usually , under the following situations , the turnover can be deferred or even post poned:(1)if the officer on watch has reason to believe that the relieving officer is obviou sly not ableto carry out his duties effectively(2)when bridge maneuver is taking place, turnover of watch must be deferred u ntil the actionis completed and the ship is in a safe condition for the relief of the watch to ta ke place.32.under what conditions should you as officer on watch change the ship’s spee d?The officer on watch should not hesitate to use engine to reduce the speed for safety . someexamples are :(1)when the ship meets testricted visibility(2)when the ship is in heavy traffic area(3)when the ship is in a close quarter situation33.what actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expect ed?(1)call or notify the master(2) switch on the navigational lights (3) switch on a nd sound fogsignals (4) switch on ARPAR and RADAR (5) shift to manual steering for man euver (6)post additional lookout (7) inform and advise engine room for any emergency m aneuvers34.what precautionary measures are to be done12hours before arrival at or depa rture from anyport?I shall test the following before entering or getting underway:(1)primary and secondary steering gear(2)internal control communications and control alarm(3)standby and emergency generator(4)storage batteries for emergency lighting(5)main propulsion ahead and astern35.what should you do in case of steering failure?When there is a steering failure , I shall report to the master immediately, so tha t he may takewhatever actions are required . at the same time , provided no further incidents oc cur , hoist thesignals for a vessel not under command .at the same time , inform the engine room and diterminethetime necessary for repairs , if possible , so that the necessary preparations ca n be made onthe bridge.36.when is great circle sailing most advantageous?Pls explain briefly?the shortest distance between two meridians is the arc of the great circle contained between thesetwo points.the advantges of using the great circle sailing are most obvious in high latitudes,where there is a large difference of longitude between the points of departure and de stination.37.how do you do the chart work?The chart work must be so detailed that the master or relieving officer can easily an d quickly findout the ship’s last known position and from that they can determine its present position.detailedchart work includes course line,DR position marked with time and distance,ob served positionwith time and distance plus the position fixing method.Special notes like when the master should be informed and when to slow dow n.etc.are alsoneeded in some dangerous areas.38.if a man is overboard,what actions should you take immediately?I should throw him a lifebuoy and follow the emergency procedure.that is to s ay I should tosound the alarm, inform the master and the engine room ,make williamson turn an d keep constantlookout.39.what is confine water?what factor should you take into account when you make passage planin the confined waters?Confined waters means an area of the sea where the width of the safely navigable w aterway is notmore than about 2 miles, such as a strait , considering the draft of the vessel and w ater depth .For navigation in confined waters, I shall consider the following matters in planninga passage.(1)presence/absence of special navigational rules and items to report.(2)In formation on the sailing directions , coast pilot , and so on.(3)The draft of the vessel and the navigable area of the sea.(4)The effect of sinkage of the hull (squat) and keeping enough under keel clearan ce.(5)Tides , and a tidal current.(6)Weather conditions and counter-measures against restricted visibility.(7)Use of navigation aids to give a sign, and setting of parallel index (line for avoidi ng danger)(8)Passing time of danger points(daylight/night-time)(9)The degree of congested water-traffic,crowed area with fishing boats, and counter-measures for the above mentioned.(10)The vessel’s maneuvering ability.(11)Necessity/lack of necessity for adjustment of the vessel’s speed.40.what is ISM Code?How many chapters are there in ISM Code now?what is DOC and SMC?ISM means international management code for the safe operation of ships an d for pollutionprevention.it is made by the IMO.The ISM code includes 16 chapters falling into two parts: the part one is implement ation , the parttwo is verification and certification.The16chapters are:general,safety a nd environmentprotection policy,company responsibilities and authority,designated per son,master’sresponsibilities and authority,resources and personnel,development of plan s for shipboardoperation,emergency preparedness,reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents andhazardous occurrences,maintenance of the ship and equipment,document ation,companyverification and periodical verification,verification,interim certification, and forms ofcercificates .the last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code. SMS means safety management system , and this system is made based on the 16 elements ofISM code,which is a compulsory part SOLAS74.the ship-owner or mana ger cannot getdocument of compliance (DOC) and SMC without audited safety management certif icate (SMC)by class designate by the flag registry country administration.41.in case of loss Array of bridge control,what immediateactions do you take?In case of the vessel fall into loss of bridge control result from troublein the main engine , steeringgear, etc. the officer on duty shall immediately takethe following measures:(1)stopping engine in case trouble of steering engine(2)alerting other vessels sailingnearby by means of lights for notunder command,whistle or VHF(3)reporting to the master /chief engineer(4)confirming the vessel position(5)estimating the drifting direction and speed.42.can you name some publications on board the ship?Thank you verymuch for your kindness in takingtime to interviewme ,I am realy very interestedin the jobs and your good company. I wish I couldmeet your satisfication, thank you sir!Expanation说明Gnomonic chart 大圆海图 macro circle chart1.can you tell me about your education background and working experience?2.can you tell me your last vessl ?3.what are your responsibilities as a second officer ?4.please briefly describe the procedure of dealing with navigational warnings.5.can you describe the charts correction procedures ?6.who should draft the passage plan on board?What are included in passage plan?When youmake the passage plan ,what information do you need?7.what is the scope the passage plan cover?if you miss one or two big or small scale charts fornext voyage, can the ship give sea going or not?8.if the signal of three red lights vertically aligned is found on board a sh ip during nightvoyage,what do you think is wrong with the ship? If a motor ship is moving under the way ,butnot under command ,what kind of signals should she use ?on what occasion do y ou display twoblack balls during the day?9.please describe how do you take care of the magnetic compass?10.how do you set and adjust gyrocompass?11.what are your responsibilities as the second officer while the vessel is in port?12.please tell me the difference between the great circle line and rhomb line?13.during cargo loading , if you find cargo damages in holds, what should you do?14.when you usually do the chart work? When you are keeping watch, can you do the chart work?15.what is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rate on board?16.pls tell me your duties as the medical officer.17.when do you call the maste r to the bridge?18.when radar and arpar are in use, do they relieve your duty of lookout as a watch-keeper19.what do you know about EC and ECDIS?20.can you tell me the main contents of a typical admiralty notice to mariner? How did you get thenotice to mariner on your last vessel?21.it is very important to get rid of the outdated charts and other SMS documents o n board . why?22.how do you maintain the clocks?23.under what situations do you call the engine room when you are on duty?24.what should you do first after you jion a vessel?25.when do you have to change from the automatic steering to manual steering?26.if ship collision happens when you are on duty , what procedure should you follo w？27.before the ship sails to a new port , if you do not have one or two necessary chart s, what shouldyou possibly do?28.what is safety speed during sailing？What factors should you consider in deciding the speedof a vessel during sailing in the sea?29.when navigating in a crossing situation,as master or duty officer,wh at anti-collisionmeasures should be taken?When the vessels are proceed on head-on cond ition,what anti-collision rule should be observed? When a power-driven ship and sailing meet in the sea, whatanti-collision rule should be observed?30.you are the watch officer at anchor on an 8000-tons ship which is about 400 f eet long, if theweather becomes foggy and foggy , what jprecautions should you take?31.when should a turnover(handover) of watch be deferred or postponed?32.under what conditions should you as officer on watch change the ship’s speed?33.what actions should be taken when restricted visibility is encountered or expect ed?。