定语从句难点突破(DOC)
初中英语教材中后置定语的难点突破
外语教学与研究2016.06初中英语教材中后置定语的难点突破●杨晓燕1.初中学生学习后置定语的现状英语属于印欧语系,而汉语属于汉藏语系,在本质上有很大区别。
对于中国的学生来说,汉语作为他们的母语,对英语学习既产生正迁移也有负迁移。
初学阶段的他们很容易接受前置定语,这是正迁移,而同时对后置定语的学习就产生了负迁移,所以在他们的口语表达中、翻译句子中和作文中总是出现这样的英语表达:误:There people are friendly to us.正:The people there are friendly to us.在阅读文中,当出现动词-ing形式和过去分词作后置定语时,学生很难判断出它们的句法功能,导致对句子的理解出现偏差。
英语教师要引导学生学会用英语思维,养成英语思维习惯,并且对这类语法知识进行梳理,运用科学合理的方法来教,同时教会学生有效的学习方法。
2.初中英语常见的后置定语的类型梳理在笔者完成第一轮新教材的教学之后,对教材在后置定语的渗透上有两点明显感受,一是由简单(易)到复杂(难);二是数量由少到多。
笔者对三个学年的教材中后置定语的类型进行了梳理和归纳,总的来讲,初中英语教材中有以下几种常见的后置定语形式。
2.1介词短语作后置定语We have green sweaters for only$15!(SB G7A Unit7)以八下教材为例,书中有大量的介词短语作后置定语,特别是of格构成的后置定语占了很大比重;表地点的介词短语,about和for构成的介词短语。
如the importance of making good decisions(SB G8B Unit1),folk stories about this festival(SB G9Unit2), requests for directions(SB G9Unit3)等。
2.2动词不定式作后置定语除介词短语外,动词不定式也是比较常见的后置定语的一种形式。
定语从句专项练习2(重难点-易错点和错题重现).doc
定语从句专项练习2（重难点，易错点及错题重现）1.Til never forget the days we worked together.2.Til never forget the days we spent together.3.1went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.1went to the place I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reoson he was late.6.This is the reason he gave me.7.The reason he gave me is not reasonable.8.The reason he is late is reasonable.9.When you read books, you had better make a mark at thespot you have any questions.10.When you read books , you had better make a mark you have any questions.11.He did all / everything he could to help me.12.This is the very thing I am after.13.We talked about the men and the things we remembered at school.14.He is the only man can do the work.15.This is the first thing I want to say.16.He is the finest man I have ever worked with.17.Who is the man spoke to you at the gate.18.Which is the star is nearest to the earth.19.Is there anything else you want to say?20.Any person has the money can join the group.21.He often speaks the role he played in the play,made others upset.22.He opened the door, in front of sat a boy.23.The man to I spoke is a famous scientist.24.The boy mother is dead was brought up by his father.25.This is the teacher teaches us maths.26.She is the girl I met at the party.27.The money is in the wallet is mine.28.The money my mother gave me yesterday has been stolen.29 .This is the house my sister lives in.30.This is the room they once lived.31.Til never forget the day I joined the army.32.This is the reason I failed.33.The pencil he wrote was broken.34.She has three children, all are at school.35.China has a lot of famous writers, one is Lu Xun.36.He has lost the key to the box the papers arekept.37 My glasses,I was like blind man, fell to the ground and broke.38. The age children can go to school is seven.39The bike he went to work was stolen last night.40.This is the factory I once worked.41.The house he spent 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.42.The house he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.43.This is the hero we are proud.44 .1 can't find the very pen I wrote that letter.45. Do you know the boy your mother is talking?46.1still remember the day I first got to Paris.47.He gave me some novels I am not very familiar.48.The person you should write is Mr. Hall.49.1lost the book there are five color pictures.50.The day we can send men into space has come at last.51.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,（它的价格）was very reasonable.52.The headmaster（他的学校）Mr. Brown teaches in is a man who works hard53.1don't know the student Tom quarreled yesterday.54.1don't know the thing Tom and Mary quarreled yesterday.55. This is the hotel you will stay.56.She is the girl I went there.57. This is the house my sister lives58.1 will never forget the day I first went to school.59.1 will never forget the day we spent in Beijing.60.The house we visited is being repaired now.61.The house Luxun once lived is being repaired now.62.Is this the factory we visited last week?63.Is this factory we visited last week?64.Is this the factory his father works?65.The reason he was late was that his mother was ill.66.The reason he gave for his being late was his motherwas ill .67.The man you shook hands just now is our headmaster.68.The room my family live used to be a garage.69.Did you find the pen I wrote just now?70.Did you find the paper I wrote my letter?71.Did you find the composition I wrote just now?72.1will never forget the day. I first went to school on the day.73.1will never forget the day I first went to school.74.1will never forget the day I first went to school.75.（k匕较）I will never forget the year I first went to school.Last week we visited the factory. My brother works in it.Last week we visited the factory my brother works.Last week we visited the factory my brother works in.Last week we visited the factory my brother works.76.（比较）He didn't come for the reason. The reason was not clear The reason he didn't come was not clear.The reason he didn't come was not clear.77.All is useful to us is good.A. whichB.whatC.thatD.whether78.Is this factory the foreign visitors visited last week?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.the one79.She will never forget the days she spent in Beijing.A.whenB.whatC.whichD.why80.Here is the bicycle in the shop.A.that you saw itB.that saw itC.you sawD.you saw it81.Those to take part in the game write down your names, please.A.whoB.who wantC.that wants D want82.I,your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who isB.what isC.what amD.who am83.He is not the man he used to be.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.as84.This is the only thing I can do now.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.all85.1don't like the way he spoke to me.A.by thatB.whatC.by whichD./86.It is the library I borrowed the book.87.is from this library I borrowed the book.88.---Where did you last see Mr. Smith?---It was in the hotel I lived.89.We all have heard the news our team won.90.We don't believe in the news he told us yesterday.91.The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.92.We should go to the place we are most needed.93.We should go to the place needs us most.94.It was October we met in Lucy for the first time.95.It was in October we met in Lucy for the first time.96.This is the most exciting football match I have ever seen.97.It is the third time you have been late this week.98.The reason he didn't attend the meeting was that his mother was seriously ill.99.The reason he didn't attend the meeting was that his mother was seriously ill.100.The reason for his failure is he didn't work hard.。
定语从句关系代词重难点讲解
定语从句关系代词重难点讲解一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
定语从句教案重难点
定语从句教案重难点一、定语从句的概念与作用1. 定语从句的定义：定语从句是一种dependent clause，用来修饰名词或代词，起到形容词的作用。
2. 定语从句的作用：在句子中，定语从句起到修饰名词或代词的作用，使句子更加具体、明确。
3. 定语从句与先行词的关系：定语从句与先行词之间通过关系词来连接，关系词在定语从句中起到连接作用，并在定语从句中担任一定的语法成分。
二、关系词的分类与用法1. 关系代词：who, which, that等，用于指代人或物。
2. 关系副词：where, when, why等，用于表示地点、时间和原因。
3. 关系代词和关系副词的用法：关系词在定语从句中担任一定的语法成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。
关系词的选择要根据先行词和定语从句的语境来确定。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句：定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即如果去掉定语从句，句子的意思会发生改变。
2. 非限制性定语从句：定语从句对先行词起到补充说明作用，即如果去掉定语从句，句子的主要意思不会发生改变。
3. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法：在句子中，限制性定语从句通常用逗号与主句分开，而非限制性定语从句则不用逗号与主句分开。
四、定语从句的倒装1. 定语从句的倒装现象：在定语从句中，关系词位于主语之前，即关系词+ 谓语+ 主语。
2. 定语从句倒装的用法：定语从句的倒装主要用于强调关系词或先行词，使句子更加突出。
3. 定语从句倒装的注意事项：并非所有的定语从句都需要倒装，要根据句子的语境和意义来判断是否需要倒装。
五、定语从句的练习与巩固1. 练习题：请根据先行词和语境，选择合适的关系词，并填入空格中。
2. 练习题：请将下列句子改为定语从句，并注意关系词的选择和倒装现象。
3. 练习题：请判断下列句子中的定语从句是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，并解释原因。
六、关系代词who的用法1. who的定义：who用于指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
定语从句难点巧破解
在 定 语 从句 当 中 ， 物 的 关 系 代 词 有 ｔａ和ｗ ｉｈ 个 ， 指 ｈ ｔ ｈｃ 两 指 代 地 点 的关 系 副 词 有ｗ ｅｅ 但 在 上 述 两 例 题 当 中 ，先 行 词 ｈｒ。 ｆ ｔｒ既 是 事 物 又 是 地 点 ， 于此 类 问 题 ， 们 先 将 句 子 翻 译 ａ ｏｙ ｃ 对 我 成汉语 ， 析其中的逻辑关系 ； 分 再看 定语 从 句 的 谓 语 动 词 与 先 行 词 的 关 系 ， 谓 语 动 词 为 及 物 动 词 ， 用 关 系 代 词 ； 为 不 如 则 如 及 物 动 词 ， 用 关 系 副词 。 体 看 例２ 该 句意 思 为 ：你 访 问过 则 具 ， “ 的那 家 工 厂 毁 于 一 场 大 火 。 定 语 从 句 的 谓 语 动 词 为 “ｉｔ ” ” ｖ ｉｄ ， ｓｅ 先 行 词 为 “ｈ ｆｃ ｒ” 根 据 句 意 为 “ 问 工 厂 ” 即 “ｉｔｄｔｅ ｔｅ ａｔ ， ｏ ｙ 访 ， ｖｓｅ ｈ ｉ ｆ ｔｒ” 定 语 从 句 的谓 语 动 词 是 及 物 动 词 ， 宾 语 ， 此 选 择 ａｏ ， ｃｙ 缺 因 础 日语 、 力 、３ 等 课 程 组 合 一 个 整体 ， 种 整 体 性 课 程 ， 听 １语 ： 这 有 助 于学 生 的 主动 性 参 与积 极 性 ．从 而 能 够 积 极 建 构 起 已有 的 日语 词 汇及 相 关 日语 知 识 之 间 的结 点 连 接 与 思维 发散 。 我 认 为 ． 日语 专 业 生 成 性 课 程 虽 也 包 含 有 某 些 计 划 和 某 些 预 设 程 式 ． 它 应 该 是 灵 活 性 的 、 有 弹 性 的 。 日语 教 师 应 但 具 该 充 分 预期 和想 象 课 程 发 展 ，以及 学 生 课 堂 反 应 的所 有 可 能 性 ． 能 够 充 分 地 把 弹性 与灵 活性 展 现 出来 。 种 预设 程 式 中 才 这 也 包 含 弹性 计 划 的课 程 内 容 ，能 够 为 日语 专 业 生 成 性 课 程 提 供 设 计 思 路 ：一 是 日语 专 业 生 成 性 课 程 设 计 应 该 加 强 课 堂 教 学 情 境 的多 样 性 ；二 是预 设 性 课 程 与 生 成 性 课 程 存 在 着 一 定 的 中 日共 同文 化 情 境 的背 景 及 联 系 。 四 、 生 共 建 日语 生 成 性 课 程 的条 件要 求 师
定语从句关系代词重难点讲解
定语从句关系代词重难点讲解一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。
【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用)：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。
①直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。
最新定语从句中介词加关系副词的用法重点难点解析
最新定语从句中介词加关系副词的用法重点难点解析一、介词在定语从句中的用法1. 引导定语从句的介词可放在句首，也可放在句末在定语从句中，引导定语从句的介词可以放在句首或句末。
例如：- This is the house in which I grew up.- The room, in which he always studied, was very small.2. 关系代词和介词的搭配规则在定语从句中，关系代词和介词之间的搭配关系有以下几种情况：- 先行词前可以有介词时，用which/whom/that等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- The book on which he stepped is mine.- The girl with whom he is talking is his sister.- 先行词前不能有介词时，用whose/that/whom/which等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.- The person that I met yesterday is a famous actor.3. 只能用关系副词引导的定语从句有一些情况下，只能用关系副词引导定语从句。
例如：- The reason why he refused the offer is still unknown.- That is the place where we first met.二、定语从句中介词加关系副词的难点解析1. 关系副词和介词的搭配在定语从句中，关系副词和介词的搭配需要注意以下几点：- 先行词前可以有介词时，用介词+which/whom等关系代词来引导定语从句。
例如：- That is the book on which I'm working.- 先行词前不能有介词时，用关系副词+which/that等关系代词来引导定语从句。
定语从句重难点分析
定语从句重难点分析
定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句，用来给出更多的描述信息。
它是英语语法中的一个重要部分，也是写作中的常用手法。
以下是定语从
句的几个重难点：
1. 引导词的选择：定语从句的引导词主要有关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系代词包括that、which、who、whom、whose，关系副词包括where、when、why。
在选择引导词时需要注意前面名词的性质和上下文的
意思。
2. 引导词在从句中的作用：定语从句中的引导词在从句中充当特定
的成分。
关系代词that、which、who、whom、whose可以分别代替并引入
名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语，并在从句中充当相应的成分，如
主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
关系副词where、when、why在从句中分别
表示地点、时间、原因。
3.限定性和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句是对先行词进行修饰，并且对整个句子的意思起到限定的作用，如果省略，整个句子的意思就不
完整。
非限定性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，但不对整个句子的意
思起到限定的作用，如果省略，整个句子的意思仍然完整。
非限定性定语
从句一般用逗号和先行词隔开，而限定性定语从句则不可以省略。
4.定语从句的位置：定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词前面或者后面，
但是位置的选择会影响到修饰成分和整个句子的流畅度，需要根据具体情
况进行选择。
以上是定语从句中的一些重难点，掌握好这些规则和技巧可以帮助我
们正确使用定语从句，使写作更加准确和流畅。
“定语从句”难点在高考英语二轮复习中的突破
“定语从句”难点在高考英语二轮复习中的突破摘要：定语从句是高考中经常考查的语法知识，也是学生学习的重点和难点。
定语从句关系词的选用是学生很难把握的。
如何让学生在二轮复习中，准确地区分关系代词和关系副词，掌握定语从句的考点，在高考中游刃有余，是所有英语教师所面临的问题。
本文介绍了高考英语二轮复习中定语从句的讲解方法。
关键词：定语从句关系代词关系副词高考英语1.关系代词和关系副词的区别有两种方法：第一种是看先行词在从句中所承担的成分，如果做主要成分（即构成五种基本句子所需成分为主要成分），则用关系代词，做状语（非主要成分）时就用关系副词。
第二种方法比较具体，就是先行词往从句中复原，为了构成正确的句子，先行词前是否需要加介词才能使句子完整，如果需要加，就用关系副词，否则用关系代词。
（1）this is the factory （that/which）i visited last year.（2）this is the factory where i worked last year.在句（1）中先行词是”the factory”往从句中复原应该是i visited the factory last year.先行词直接复原即可，不需要加介词，句子就已经完整，又因为先行词在从句中做宾语，所以使用关系代词that 或which，也可以省去。
在句（2）中先行词是“the factory”往从句中复原应该是i worked in the factory last year.先行词往从句中复原，需要在先行词前加介词in，句子才能完整，因此使用关系副词，又因为表地点所以用where，以上就是关系代词和关系副词的区别。
2.关系代词的区别定语从句的关系代词有；that，which，who，whom，whose，as.那么该如何区分关系代词，我们从两方面入手，（1）找先行词看它是人还是物（2）看先行词在从句中的成分【考例】i’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ？摇？摇？摇？摇 i met in the english speech contest last year. （2010湖南）a.whob.wherec.whend.which【点拨】：由于定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为人，故选a.【考例】i’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ？摇？摇？摇？摇 i met in the english speech contest last year.a.whob.wherec.when d，which【点拨】定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为人，故选a。
定语从句中难点分析
ａ和ｗ ｉｈ Ｉ ｓ ｈｃ ￣ 导非 限制性定 语 从句 ， 相 同之处 也 有不 同之 处 。具 体情 况是 ： 有
１ ｓ ｈ ｈ 可 以在 定 语 从旬 中作 主语 或者 宾语 ， ． 和ｗ ｉ 都 ａ ｃ 代表 前面整 个 句子 。
（ ） ｒｉｄ ｈ ｒ ａ ／ ｉｈ ｗａ ａｕａ， １ Ｈｅ ｍａｒｅ ｅ ， ｓｗｈｃ ｓｎ ｔｒ１
（ ） ｆ ｒｔｅｆ ｅ ｉ ｉ ｈ ｕ ｅ ｔｅｏｄ ｃ ｒｉ ｔ ｅｏ ｌ ｈ ｎ ｈ ｔｈ ｗ ｅ ． ２ Ａ ｔ ｈ ｒ ｎ ｈｓ ｏ ｓ ，ｈ ｌ ａ ｓ ｈ ｎｙ ｔ ｉ ｇ ｔ ａ ｅｏ ｎ ｄ ｅ ｉ
当先 行词 指人 时 ． 偶尔 也 可 以用 ｗ ｏ ｈ 。例如 ：
ｓ ｃ ｈ ｎ ｕ ｈ ａ ｔ ｉ ｇ．
２ 当 先 行 词 被 序 数 词 修 ．
饰 时：
Ｔｈｅ ｆｒ ｔ ｐｌ ｃ ｔ ｔ ｉ ｓ ａ ｅ ｈａ
ｔ ｙ ｉｉ ｄ ｎ ｈｅ ｖ ｓｔ ｉ Ｌｏ ｄ ｎ ｅ ｎ ｏ ｗａ ｓ
ｔ ｇ Ｂｅ ｈｅ Ｂｉ ｎ．
一
、
限 制 性 定 语 从 旬 只
能 用ｔａ的 几 种 情 况 ｈｔ
１ ． 当先Байду номын сангаас词是ａ ｙｈｎ ， ． ｎ ｔｉｇｅ ｖ
ｅｙｈｎ ， ｔｉｇ （ ｍ ｔｉｇ ， ｒｔｉｇｎ ｈｎ ｓ ｅ ｎ ＇ ｏ ｏ ｈ
外） ｅ ，ｌｎ ｎ ，ｔｅｓｌ 等 ， ｗ ａｌ ｏｅｌｔ ， ｎ ｆ ， ｉｌ ｏ ｅ
３ 当 先 行 词 被 形 容 词 最 ． 高 级修饰 时 ：
Ｔｈ ｓ ｉ ｈ ｓ ｌ ｔ ｔ Ｉｈ ｖ ｅ ｎ ｉ Ｓｔ ｅ ｂｅ ｔ ｆ ｍ ｈａ ａ ｅ ｓ ｅ ｉ
定语从句重点难点解析
定语从句重点难点解析I.主语和谓语一致1、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
例如：The boy who is standing at the door is my son.2、在“one of the + 复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.3、在“ the only one of the + 复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。
例如：This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.I I .关系代词的省略在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；作宾语时在口语中可以省略。
在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。
例如：A plane is a machine that can fly.The finger （that ）I put into my mouth was not the one （that）I had dipped into the cup.Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14,1865.His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.III.正确使用that 和which1、that 指物，有时也可以指人,which 指物，不能指人。
Which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that 则不能。
高中英语定语从句要点和难点透析
高中英语定语从句要点和难点透析本文从定语从句三要素先行词，关系词，定语从句入手，及五种不同的名词和模糊的地点名词作先行词时，关系词的选择上，同时通过对非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句和分割性定语从句的分析，对定语从句的要点和难点做了透彻的分析。
一、学习定语从句的要点1.正确理解和使用先行词、关系词和定语从句正确理解和使用先行词和关系词是学好定语从句的前提。
先行词就是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词或相当于名词的词或词组；关系词就是引导定语从句的引导词，它包含关系副词和关系代词，关系副词有：where、why、when、that、as；关系代词有：who、whom、whose、which、that、as；关系词在定语从句中有如下作用：①连接和引导作用，关系词引导定语从句，把它和主句连接起来；②替代作用：关系词在定语从句中代替它所修饰的先行词；③成份作用：关系词代替先行词在定语从句中总是充当一定的句子成份，关系代词在从句中一般充当主语，宾语和表语；关系副词在从句中充当状语，并且可以用介词+which来代替关系副词来引导定语从句；定语从句就是修饰名词和代词的句子。
它分为限制性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两种。
2.正确分析句子结构，并能找出定语从句及其所修饰的先行词二、掌握和运用定语从句的难点1.当先行词为下列五种名词时，要注意正确使用关系代词和关系副词1.1当先行词是地点名词时，如果它在定语从句中作地点状语，就要用关系副词where或介词+which来引导定语从句；如果它在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语时，就要用关系代词来引导定语从句.例如：This was the island where （on which ）we spent holidays.例如：We still remember the museum which we visited last year .1.2当先行词是时间名词时，如果它在定语从句中作时间状语就用when/介词+which来引导定语从句；如果它在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语时，就要用关系代词来引导定语从句。
《定语从句》细讲难点 重点
六．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 形式上 意义上 译法上 关系词的 使用上 不用逗号和主句隔 开 是先行词不可缺少 的定语，不能删除 翻译成先行词的定 语，“…的…”
A.做宾语时可省略 B.可 用that C.可用who代替whom
非限制性定语从句 用逗号和主句隔开
是对先行词的补充说 明，删除后意思仍完 整
二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to. 如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.
［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time”一词的定语从句不用when引导， 有时不用任何关系代词，或用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所 有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
定语从句教案重难点
定语从句教案重难点一、定语从句的概念1. 定语从句的定义：定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，起到形容词的作用。
2. 定语从句的结构：引导词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分3. 定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句二、引导定语从句的词1. 关系代词：who, which, that, whom, where, when, why2. 关系副词：where, when, why3. 特殊引导词：whose, whichever, whatever, who, whom三、限制性定语从句1. 定义：限制性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即如果去掉定语从句，句子的意思会发生改变。
2. 例子：The book that you gave me is very interesting.四、非限制性定语从句1. 定义：非限制性定语从句对先行词起到补充说明作用，即如果去掉定语从句，句子的主要意思不会改变。
2. 例子：My brother, who lives in New York, is a teacher.五、定语从句的练习1. 练习题：根据先行词和语境选择合适的关系词填空。
2. 练习题：判断下列句子中的定语从句是限制性还是非限制性，并解释原因。
3. 练习题：将下列句子改写为定语从句形式。
注意：本教案仅为参考，具体教学过程中请根据学生的实际情况进行调整。
六、关系代词who, which, that的用法辨析1. who：用于指人，作主语或宾语。
例子：The woman who is speaking to you is my mother.2. which：用于指物，作主语或宾语。
例子：The book which you gave me is very interesting.3. that：既可以指人，也可以指物，作主语或宾语。
例子：The man that you saw yesterday is my uncle.七、关系副词where, when, why的用法1. where：指地点，作状语。
定语从句重难点总结
她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。（同位语从句）
此句中的同位语从句The news that she had passed the exam
可以改写成表语从句：The news is that he passed the exam.
They won the game, as we had expected.
They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.
As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
the same... as和
4.先行词既指人又指物时
5.先行词被the only, the very修饰时
6.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时
1.He told me everything that he knows.
2.All the books that you offered has been given out.
（as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句）
It is such an interesting book that we all like it.
它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。
（that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句）
定语从句
与
同位语从句
定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。
定语从句重点难点解析及练习
定语从句重点难点解析及练习一．如何确定介词？把先行词接到从句谓语后面去,看需要什么介词。
1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配He is the man _____ whom I think you can depend.The house ____ which he paid 100,000 yuan is very beautiful.2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.This is the hero _____ whom we are proud.3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配The school ______ which I study is the No. 11 high school.The rate/speed ______ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.The age______ which children can go to school is seven.4.根据从句中动词与先行词搭配来选用介词，这时是两者兼顾。
He has lost the key to the box ______ ______the papers are kept.My glasses,_________ ________I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.His bike_____ ______ he went to work was stolen last night.5.名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whomThe committee consists of 20 members, 5 of _______ are women.The book contains 50 poems, most of ________ was written in 1930s.There are two left, one of _______ is almost finished ,and the other of _______ is not quite.I have a sentence, the meaning of _______ I don’t understand.二、非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1.I am reading Harry Porter，_____is an interesting book.I am reading Harry Porter ; _____is an interesting book.2. He failed in the exam;_______ made his parents angry.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.3. He has two sons; both of ________ are teachers.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.三．as与which的区别：只能用as的情况：(1).固定句型：the same …..as ;such…. as; so…as即:当先行词有such/so修饰时关系代词常用as. as充当宾语或表语.I shall do it in the same way as you did. I want to buy such a book as you have. He is so good a teacher as we all like. He is not the same man as he was.比较:He is not the man that he used to be.(2).代替整个句子，意为“正如”时,与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as we all know=as is known to all, …;as is said above, …..as is often the case,….;as is reported in the newspaper,…..as we expected/planned; as you know/see四、难点解析：易混情况之含有定语从句的疑问句Is this house __________ you lived in last year?A. whereB. that C which D. the oneThis house is the one (that)…Is this the house _____ you lived in last year?A. whereB. thatC. in whichD. the oneThis is the house (that)…五．难点解析：易混情况关系代词和关系副词的选用1. I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 不及物动词。
定语从句难点解析
定语从句难点解析一、如何正确使用连接主从句的引导词一个定语从句的引导词是用关系代词还是关系副词,这是同学们首先遇到的一个难题,由于把握不准,所以出错较多。
请看以下例子:1.A. That is the school _____________we studied three years ago.B. That is the school ____________ we built three years ago.2.A. I've forgotten the exact day ______ he gave me the film copy.B. I've forgotten the exact day ______ he fixed for me to have the operation.3.A. Beijing is a city ____________ there is the famous Summer Palace.B. Beijing is China's political and cultural center, ____________ has the most universities.通过解析我们可知:判断是用关系代词还是关系副词要看先行词在从句中的指代。
如果是谓语与状语的关系,就用关系副词,如果是主谓或是动宾关系就用关系代词。
二、弄清几个问题1. 区别清"It +be"引导的强调句与带有定语从句的复合句。
请看下列两组句子:A. It was September 11, 2001 ________ the World Trade Center in New York was attacked.B. It was on September 11, 2001_______ the World Trade Center in New York was attacked.A. It was Wuhan ____________ Jill met the three-year-old girl and adopted her.B. It was in Wuhan ____________ Jill met the three-year-old girl and adopted her.去掉It was和连接词(横线部分)。
定语从句重点难点归纳
定语从句重点难点归纳思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗？1. 引导定语从句的关系代词没有what, whatever, however对吗？2. That 在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同？3. 定语从句和同位语从句的不同？4. 定从的难点在那里？定语从句关系词关系代词：指人：who, whom,指人和物：that, whose指物：which, as关系副词：when, where, how, why§如果表示地点，时间，原因，方式的先行词做后面从句的宾语或主语时，引导词用that / which. 请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( )5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( )6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( )7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( )考点1：that 与which1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand?2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _____ is standing there?4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth.考点2：the way用做先行词，填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which一：that的用法以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。
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———定语从句难点突破定语从句是学生解题的难点，下面就定语从句的难点进行归纳总结，从而让学生深刻地领悟理解定语从句，进而掌握解题技巧。
1.先判断先行词是人还是物。
2.确定关系代词或关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中充当何种句子成分。
3.还原定语从句，检验先行词在定语从句充当的成分。
在处理综合试卷的过程中，遇到这样的一道题：He didn’t put the things ____ they belonged, for＿＿reason he got his punishment.（D）A.which; thatB. what; thisC. that; whoseD. where; which学生答错率较高。
“他没有把那些东西放回到他们本该在(原来)的地方，为此他受到了惩罚。
” 第一空语境分析，东西应放在什么地方。
Where引导状语从句时意为“在…的地方”；结构分析，belong 为不及物动词，常用固定搭配belong to。
They belonged句从结构上说选出的词只能用来做状语；如句子为they belonged to则要补足宾语。
第二空reason 前的限定词为that/this，故应用which 来连接相当于and for this/that reason。
类似的用法有in which case、during which time相当于and in that/this case、during that time。
1. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union. （05重庆）AA. during which timeB. for which timeC. during whose timeD. by that time2. They stayed with me for two weeks, _______ they drank all the beer i had . CA. whichB. which timeC. during which timeD. during which3. I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone.CA. in whose caseB. in whichC. in which caseD. in that case一、Such…that引导的状语从句与such…as引导的定语从句的区别：Such…that引导的状语从句，that引导的是一个完整的句子；而such…as引导的定语从句，as在定语从句中充当句子成分。
如：His plan was such a good one _______ we all agreed to accept.中，应用as，因为we all agreed to accept 缺少宾语，完整的句子为we all agreed to accept it.如为His plan was such a good one _______ we all agreed to accept it,则应用that, 因为we all agreed to accept it 是一个完整的句子。
1. I don't like such books ____ he recommended. AA. asB. thatC. soD. after which2. Mr. Smith is _________ a good teacher _________ we all respect him. AA. such, thatB. such, asC. so, thatD. so, as3. Such a book ___ you lent me is too difficult to understand. CA. thatB. whichC. asD. like二、一些特殊的先行词如situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析。
这些词基本上都是表示时间、地点的词，做具体题目时，要判断他们在定语从句充当的成分来决定关联词。
主语、宾语和表语用that/which，状语用where/when/介词+which。
如：There is one point______ we must insist on.We’re just trying to reach a point ___ both sides will sit down together and talk. 第一句定语从句可还原为：we must insist on the point,所以先行词point在定语从句中作宾语，故用that或省略。
第二句定语从句可还原为：at the point both sides will sit down together and talk, 故先行词point在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词用where/介词+which。
1. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ______ sight matters more than hearing.（D）A. whenB. whoseC. whichD. where2. Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ____ appear in the working world. CA. WhereB. whenC. thatD. what3. (08上海卷’ 38) W e went through a period ______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. CA. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which4. (08山东卷’ 26)Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.DA. whoB. whichC. whyD. when5. He's got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海) AA. whereB. whichC. whileD. why6.I can think of many cases ____ students obviously knew a lot of English words andexpressions but couldn't write a good essay. (2003上海卷)DA. whyB. whichC. asD. where7.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they rememberedthe scenes _____ people were eaten by the tiger. （05广东）AA. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that8.W e’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. (山东卷)AA. whereB. thatC. whenD. which9.--- Do you have anything to say for yourselves?--- Y es，there’s one point ______we must insist on． (江西卷) DA．why B．where C．how D．/10.After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do. 2007年江西卷DA. thatB. whatC. whichD. where三、先行词为地点、时间及reason和way的定语从句。
表示时间、地点先行词以及先行词为reason、way在定语从句中作状语时，相应的用: 表示时间的先行词：when/介词+which；表示地点的先行词：where/介词+which；reason为先行词：why/for which/that/…/; way为先行词：in which/that/…/但解题关键要判断先行词在定语从句中作状语还是作主语、宾语和表语。
作状语，则适用上面得语法规则，如作主语、宾语和表语，则仍需用that/which（作宾语that/which可省略）。
This is the reason ____ he gave me.This is the reason ____ he didn’t come to school today.第一句定语从句可还原为：he gave me the reason, 先行词reason在定语从句中作宾语，故关系词用that/which或省略；第二句定语从句可还原为：for the reason he didn’t come to school today, 故关系词用why/for which/that或省略。
1. The place ____ I visited last summer is just the place ____ I spent my childhood. BA.that; thatB. that; whereC. where; whereD. where; that2. Is there a department store around ____ I can get a birthday present for my brother? BA. WhichB. whereC. on whichD. that3. Is this the house _____Shakespeare was born? （1988全国） CA. at whereB. whichC. in whichD. at which4.Is this the reason ＿＿ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春) AA. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained5.The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______the cross-river traffic isthe heaviest. （05江苏）CA. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; whereD. which; in which6.In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. （06上海）CA. whereB. whenC. whichD. what四、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。